SAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS
AARREC COSV HT MDM TGH ACF CRS Humedica MEDAIR UMCOR ACTED CWS IA MENTOR UNAIDS ADRA Danchurchaid ILO MERLIN UNDP Africare DDG IMC NCA UNDSS AMI-France Diakonie Emergency Aid INTERMON NPA UNEP ARC DRC Internews NRC UNESCO ASB EM-DH INTERSOS OCHA UNFPA ASI FAO IOM OHCHR UN-HABITAT AVSI FAR IPHD OXFAM UNHCR CARE FHI IR PACT UNICEF CARITAS Finnchurchaid IRC PAI UNIFEM CEMIR INTERNATIONAL FSD IRD Plan UNJLC CESVI GAA IRIN PMU-I UNMAS CFA GOAL IRW PU UNOPS CHF GTZ Islamic RW RC/Germ UNRWA CHFI GVC JOIN RCO VIS CISV Handicap International JRS Samaritan's Purse WFP CMA HealthNet TPO LWF Save the Children WHO CONCERN HELP Malaria Consortium SECADEV World Concern Concern Universal HelpAge International Malteser Solidarités World Relief COOPI HKI Mercy Corps SUDO WV CORDAID Horn Relief MDA TEARFUND ZOA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1
Table I. Summary of Requirements – By Cluster...... 2 Table II. Summary of Requirements – By Organization...... 2
2. CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES ...... 3
2.1 CONTEXT AND RESPONSE TO DATE...... 3 2.2 HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES AND NEEDS ANALYSIS ...... 7 2.3 SCENARIO ...... 10
3. RESPONSE PLANS ...... 11
3.1 FOOD SECURITY ...... 11 3.2 HEALTH AND NUTRITION...... 13 3.3 PROTECTION...... 16 3.4 EDUCATION ...... 18 3.5 WASH ...... 19 3.6 SHELTER ...... 21 3.7 EARLY RECOVERY...... 22 3.8 COORDINATION ...... 25
4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES...... 26
ANNEX I. LIST OF PROJECTS ...... 27
PROJECTS GROUPED BY CLUSTER ...... 27 SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS BY IASC STANDARD SECTOR ...... 29
ANNEX II. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS...... 30
Please note that appeals are revised regularly. The latest version of this document is available on http://www.humanitarianappeal.net.
Latest project funding requirements can be viewed on www.reliefweb.int/fts.
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LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC - Reference Map
Chiang-cheng Chen-pien Bac Ha Ta Lung o B.Lantouy-gnai Muong Te Phong Tho Lao Cai Longzhou Zu Ngan Son Pho Lu Meng-man G Vinh Tuy Na Hang uam Ningming B.Muang-ou-tai Khanh Yen Bac Kan Nan-chiao CHINA La Chau Vinh Loc Ou Muong Nhe H Tan Yen Than Uyen on Fo-hai Jinghong B.Ngay-nua g CHINA Lang Son Quynh Nhai Phôngsali Yen Bai Tuan Giao Dinh Lap PHONGSALI Van Chan B.Pakha Muong Thanh Chu Quang Ha MYANMAR B.Boun-tai B.Likna Phu Yen VIET NAM Tien Yen B.Muangsing B.Namnga Dien Bien Hat Lot LOUANG-NAMTHA Song Ma Yen Chau Khoa HANOI Louang B.Namtavan Ky Son Namtha B.Muang-el Moc Chau D Haiphong Muang Xay u a B.Samnakmuang O B.Xiangkho B.Nambak B.Sopbao M.Nale LAO PEOPLE'S Xam-Neua Muong Lat BOKEO Nam Dinh Viangxai Houayxay DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Qua Hoa B.Nakhong B.Bouamphaxeng B.Saleuy B.Nikhom M B.Houamuang -mai a OUDOMXAI LOUANGPHABANG HOUAPHAN B.Pao B.Hatxat M.Pakbeng B.Pounghai Louang B.Xamtai Gulf of Phabang Xa Tonkin B.Thaxoang m B.Nangeun B.Xiang-ngeun XIANGKHOUANG B.Xang B.Han B.Senkhalok B.Nongtang B.Viangkham B.Nonghet Quy Chau Disclaimers: The designations H B.Phoukhoun Phonsavan Muong Xen ie employed and the presentation of B.Vanghoua B.Namtom u Tinh Gia material on this map do not imply m B.Nasi M.Kasi Hoa Binh Thai Hoa the expression of any opinion a B.Hai whatsoever on the part of the N B.Phouviang Pua Xaignabuli Secretariat of the United Nations B.Phonthlang Cau Giat concerning the legal status of any THAILAND M.Phiang VIENTIANE B.Thathom country, territory, city or area or of its Vangviang Dien Chau authorities, or concerning the XAIGNABULI delimitation of its frontiers or L B.Houaymo B.Nachia Do Luong Nam i boundaries. B.Naphoun B.Don k B.Muanghuang Vinh B.Hinheup-tai B.Hom Map data sources: CGIAR, United B.Borikhan BOLIKHAMXAI Nations Cartographic Section, B.Souvannaphoun Phônhông B.Nakhaolom ESRI, Europa Technologies, FAO, B.Thabok GEBCO, ISCGM. B.Nape Ha Tinh Pak lay Pakxam B.Phonpheng B.Namhi VIENTIANE B.Kengdeng 050100 CAPITAL B.Naliang B.Boneng km B.Thadua So KHAMMOUAN M.Kenthao B.Phalat VIENTIANE ng Ba Don Uttaradit kh B.Hinboun B.Nakay-nua ram B.Gnommalat B.Nongchan Dong Hoi B.Natha B.Dang Loei Thakhek B.Soppeng B.Nasathoung B.Gnangkom B.Khok Ban Non Sung Sakon Nakhon B.Sokthang Ho Xa
B.Pong B.Nadeng B.Tha B.Koknak Gio Linh Cam Lo Dong Ha B.Kengkabao B.Naxay B.Xepon-mai Ai Tu SAVANNAKHET Lao Bao Xeno B.Dong Savannakhet B.Xethamouak Ban Nong Waeng Muang Phin Ban Sam Suan Phichit Kalasin B.Kengkok B.Muangnong A Luoi Phu Bai B.Pakxong hoing Se Bang Achungklung B.Lanong B.Nontaothan B.Taveuay g SALAVAN on Yasot hon B.Thangbeng B.Kaleum K Xé Salavan XEKONG B.Napong Kham C Duc hi B.Thateng M Xékong un Pakxé Pa kxo ng Si Sa Ket Unk B.Kengkang B.Houaykong B.Thakkanat Dak Champasak Surin THAILAND ATTAPU Glei Lop Buri B.Phongphot Attapu B.Nondeng-nua B.Soukhouma B.Boungvay B.Hatgnao Plei CHAMPASAK Kan
B.Houayxai B.Kanluang B.Mounlapamok g CAMBODIA B.Khlam n g Khong o en K Sr é BANGKOK X Chu Ty Legend Elevation (metres)
Sisophon National capital 1,000 - 1,500 5,000 and above Province capital 800 - 1,000 4,000 - 5,000 Gulf of 600 - 800 3,000 - 4,000 Populated place Thailand 400 - 600 2,500 - 3,000 International boundary 200 - 400 2,000 - 2,500 Province boundary s 0 - 200 1,500 - 2,000 ha Chanthaburi C
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LAO PEOPLE’ S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Typhoon Ketsana crossed into the southern provinces of Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) from Vietnam on 29 September, weakening from a typhoon to a tropical depression as it made landfall, before moving into Cambodia. The typhoon caused devastation as it passed through the remote southern provinces of Attapeu, Sekong, Saravan, Savannakhet, and Champassack, which include some of the most vulnerable and poorest districts in Lao PDR, with high levels of food insecurity and up to 50% of the children being underweight. Attapeu Province was the worst hit, bearing the brunt of the storm, with wind speeds of up to 140 kilometres per hour and torrential rains. According to the Government, a total of 482 villages throughout the five provinces were affected by the subsequent floods and landslides. An estimated 178,000 people (approximately 27,836 households) were affected, with 9,602 households displaced and 15 storm- related deaths reported. Due to limited and damaged infrastructure, there was limited access to the majority of the flood-affected population living in mountainous and remote areas, which were completely cut off.
Typhoon Ketsana struck during the lean season when household food stocks are at their lowest levels and farmers are preparing for the upcoming harvest, which exacerbated the food insecurity situation. It destroyed the limited food stocks and damaged crops, significantly reducing the upcoming harvest, in particular in Attapeu and Sekong. Approximately 28,500 hectares of rice and crop fields were damaged and significant numbers of livestock destroyed. Reported infrastructure damage included 1,023 houses destroyed and 825 houses damaged. A total of 32 schools, three hospitals, 14 irrigation systems and many access roads were also damaged. While an official warning was issued prior to the typhoon’s arrival, in some provinces the message did not reach all people, especially those in remote villages who were thus unable to move their property out of harm’s way.
Health risks have increased significantly as Typhoon Ketsana damaged water supply systems or contaminated water supplies, and disrupted access to health care services, including reproductive health. The threat of displaced unexploded ordnance (UXO) exposed by the flood waters further exacerbates the protection concerns of the flood-affected vulnerable population. Lao PDR is among the most heavily mined nations (per capita) in the world and the provinces that Ketsana struck contain areas with the highest level of UXO-affected districts in the country. Protection concerns are expected to increase with the convergence of factors such as difficult access, displacement and homelessness, reduced harvests, contaminated water supplies, increased health risks, increased possibility of UXO accidents, and destroyed livelihoods.
Access to enable distribution of relief goods to the flood-affected population was extremely limited due to high waters in the immediate aftermath of the storm, as well as the remote and difficult terrain. Nevertheless, Government agencies responded swiftly, supported by humanitarian agencies on the ground, launching extensive search and rescue operations and releasing emergency relief stocks. The Government also disbursed three billion Lak (approximately US$1 360,030). However, the extensive damage caused by the floods requires an augmented response under overall Government leadership. On 9 October 2009, the Government through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) requested international emergency assistance to respond to the typhoon’s severe impact, and the resulting needs.
Following the Government’s request, teams, including Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) cluster leads and government agencies, conducted initial assessments of the five affected provinces. Food, drinking water, health, sanitation, shelter and road clearance for access were identified as the top priorities. This assessment forms the basis for the common humanitarian strategy and projects in this initial Flash Appeal. A second, more detailed, joint needs assessment is underway and results are expected to be released in late October. To support the Government’s relief actions, the international humanitarian community is seeking $10,153,872 to address the immediate needs of approximately 178,000 people affected by Typhoon Ketsana over the next six months. This appeal was developed in partnership with the Government of Lao PDR through the National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) and provides the framework for a common inter-agency understanding of needs and priorities, based on the best information currently available. In recognition of the gaps in this shared understanding, due in part to the inaccessibility of some of the worst-affected areas, this Flash Appeal will be revised once results from detailed assessments are released.
1 All dollar signs in this document denote United States dollars. Funding for this appeal should be reported to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS, [email protected]), which will display its requirements and funding on the CAP 2009 page.
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Table I. Summary of Requirements – By Cluster Table II. Summary of Requirements – By Organization
Table I: Summary of requirements by cluster Lao PDR Flash Appeal 2009 as of 20 October 2009 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation.
Cluster Original Requirements (US$)
COORDINATION 50,000
EARLY RECOVERY 900,000
EDUCATION 400,000
FOOD SECURITY 4,889,158
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE 2,344,714
PROTECTION 750,000
SHELTER 820,000
Grand Total 10,153,872
Table II: Summary of requirements by appealing organisation Lao PDR Flash Appeal 2009 as of 20 October 2009 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Appealing Organisation Original Requirements (US$)
FAO 1,780,000
UNDP 1,550,000
UNFPA 130,743
UN-HABITAT 1,220,000
UNICEF 1,500,000
WFP 3,109,158
WHO 863,971
Grand Total 10,153,872
The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 20 October 2009. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).
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2. CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES
2.1 CONTEXT AND RESPONSE TO DATE On 29 September 2009, Typhoon Ketsana hit the south of Lao PDR, sweeping through Attapeu, Sekong, Saravan, Savannakhet, and Champassack provinces. Attapeu Province was the worst hit, bearing the brunt of the storm. Several villages located along Sekong River in Sekong Province, and Sedong River in Saravan Province, were washed away and many areas were affected by landslides. Access to the flood-affected remote southern Provinces was obstructed by damaged roads and debris.
Three of the five southern provinces of Lao PDR that were affected by Typhoon Ketsana are the most vulnerable and poorest districts in the country2, with high levels of food insecurity and 50% of the children being underweight. Typhoon Ketsana struck during the lean season when household food stocks were at the lowest levels, in particular in Attapeu and Sekong, and farmers were preparing for the upcoming harvest. The impact of this storm further exacerbated the food insecurity situation. It simultaneously destroyed the limited food stocks and damaged crops, significantly reducing the produce for the upcoming harvest in the three flood-affected food-insecure Provinces.
Lao PDR is the most heavily mined nation (per capita) in the world, with 25% of the nation’s 10,000 villages blighted by remnants of the Indochina War. More than 270 million pieces of UXO and four million large bombs were dropped during the nine years of conflict in the 1960s and 1970s, including over the area hit by Typhoon Ketsana. UXO pieces previously mapped are believed to have been carried off or unearthed by the strong river and flood currents generated by Ketsana, increasing the risk for the flood-affected population as well as relief providers. Remapping of the shifted UXO, intensifying public awareness and education campaigns, and clearing of unearthed UXO will be a priority to ensure that the population at risk can quickly resume agriculture and other activities. If this is not done, the gains made over the past decade will be reversed as an increase of UXO victims begins to be recorded.
Preliminary data from the NDMO indicated that five provinces, including 482 villages, were affected by Typhoon Ketsana. An estimated 178,000 people (approximately 27,836 households) were affected and 9,602 households displaced in the five southern provinces, and these figures form the basis for the initial planning undertaken for this Flash Appeal by the IASC country team.
Affected population: by province Number of Affected Number of displaced Families Individuals Families Attapeu 15,154 72,850 4,058 Champassack 386 1,547 N/A Saravan 3,936 72,435 4,750 Savannakhet 6,426 26,088 N/A Sekong 1,934 5,727 794 Total 27,836 178,647 9,602 Source: NDMO, as of 8 October 2009
Approximately 28,500 hectares of rice and crop fields were damaged and significant numbers of livestock destroyed. Reported infrastructure damage included 1,023 houses destroyed and 825 houses damaged. NDMO also reported 32 schools, three hospitals, 14 irrigation systems and ten roads severely damaged. In response to the devastating impact of Typhoon Ketsana on 29 September 2009, the military under the leadership of the NDMC was deployed to the storm-affected areas to conduct air and river search and rescue on 30 September. Search and rescue efforts were significantly hampered by high water levels, strong winds, and dangerously strong river currents. The Provincial and District Disaster Management Offices (PDMO and DDMO) in Sekong and Saravan Provinces had alerted villagers in the storm path to evacuate from the flood-prone areas to higher ground. However, evacuation was less effective in the remote
2 54% Poverty Headcount Ratio in Saravan, 42% in Sekong, and 44% in Attapeu – MDGs Progress Report 2008.
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areas and other provinces including the worst affected province of Attapeu, highlighting the need for strengthened prevention and preparedness activities.
A significant quantity of relief goods was provided by the Government. In support of Government efforts, the Government received over $216,000 (1.8 billion Lak) from private contributions as of 16 October, in addition to over $36,000 (300 million Lak) of in-kind contributions of rice, dried food, and other materials. However, the impact of the storm in the remote and difficult to access regions has proved a significant challenge to the Government and supporting agencies. National relief funds were also quickly depleted and on 9 October 2009, the MoFA requested the immediate assistance of the international community in responding to the effects of the typhoon in the affected provinces.
The United Nations Agencies, international and national non-governmental organizations (I/NGO), and the Lao Red Cross (LRC) on the ground in the flood-affected areas supported Government response efforts by providing emergency food, assistance in cash and in kind. The United Nations Resident Coordinator’s Office (UNRCO) facilitated the humanitarian response for the UN including information sharing through the seven emergency clusters that were activated on 2 October. Factoring in operational efficiency and presence in- country and in the affected areas, these seven clusters and identified cluster leads were aggregated as follows:3
• Food Security: World Food Programme/Food and Agriculture Organization (WFP/FAO); • Logistics: WFP; • Health, Nutrition, and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH): United Nations Children’s Fund/World Health Organization (UNICEF/WHO); • Protection: UNICEF; • Education: UNICEF; • Shelter: United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT); • Early Recovery: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Cluster/Sector Response as of 16 October 2009 Food Security • WFP was operational in the areas affected by the floods and following Government requests, commenced food distributions in the worst-hit parts of Attapeu, Saravan, Sekong, and Savannakhet on the second day after the disaster. • Distributions were carried out by helicopters and trucks in partnership with the Government. So far, 165 Metric Tons (MTs) of rice and 20 MTs of fish have been distributed to 66,000 of the worst-affected people, borrowing from in-country stocks. • WFP is partnering with OXFAM, CARE, World Vision (WV), Village Focus International, Health Unlimited (HU) and International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) for continued distributions in coming weeks. • In particular, HU distributed a week of food and water supplies and WV provided relief packs. Using funds from the German Red Cross, the LRC distributed relief assistance to 2,500 people in Sekong, and Attapeu Provinces. Health and Nutrition • WHO provided $5,000 and technical support to Ministry of Health (MoH) to support their mobile health teams, and is supporting the National Centre for Laboratory and Epidemiology in carrying out disease outbreaks surveillance and response. • UNICEF and WHO are distributing communication materials. • UNFPA provided $5,000 to the MoH to undertake assessments. It has provided 6,000 personal hygiene kits for distribution. Protection • In partnership with Lao Women’s Union (LWU) and child protection I/NGOs, UNICEF intends to provide psycho-social support through recreational child friendly activities and provision of psycho-social materials to at least 20,000 affected children and their families in the five affected Provinces. • Through the Lao PDR Government’s National UXO Programme (UXO Lao), UNDP plans to support life-saving and emergency relief efforts by clearing UXO and raising awareness of UXO risks among the typhoon-affected communities in Attapeu, Sekong and Saravan.
3 For ease of reference and identification of caseloads, objectives, strategies and outcomes, the country team has presented the response plan for WASH separately from the response plan for Health and Nutrition. For financial tracking purposes, the three sectors form one cluster.
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Cluster/Sector Response as of 16 October 2009 Education • UNICEF plans to replace three and repair 24 severely damaged primary schools in Sekong, Saravan, and Savannakhet provinces to enable 4,200 primary school children (1,900 girls) and 135 teachers to continue the 2009-2010 school year in a safe, healthy and protective learning environment. • Once the materials are procured, UNICEF will work with the Village Education Committee to organize community members to volunteer their time and skills to implement school repairs and distribute furniture and basic supplies. WASH • UNICEF provided financial assistance to Namsat, a division the MoH that deals with WASH, to carry out a WASH assessment in Sekong Province. • UNICEF has distributed one million chlorine tablets, and 15,000 bars of soap to Attapeu, Sekong, and Saravan provinces. • WASH Cluster members have started supplying non-food items (NFIs) such as water containers, soap, coagulants and chlorine to the affected provinces. The overall plan for the cluster’s emergency response is to support about 21,000 families (125,000 people) with WASH interventions in the coming six months. • UN-HABITAT plans to rehabilitate water and sanitation facilities in 20 schools and improve awareness related to water, sanitation and hygiene. Shelter • UN-HABITAT plans to provide basic emergency shelter materials to 1,390 displaced people in Attapeu, Sekong, and Saravan. This will support displaced people living in schools/ make-shift structures quickly rebuild their houses and vacate schools to facilitate resumption of the normal curriculum. Early Recovery • UNDP will support the clearing of debris and repair of essential roads leading to essential services. • UNDP is participating in and providing financial assistance to the Government-UN- I/NGO assessments that will inform and guide the national/local governments to plan for early recovery plans. • UNDP plans to support restoration of lifelines and livelihoods through cash-for- work (CFW) schemes, as well as planning to strengthen national/local capacity for disaster risk management and preparedness. Coordination • Following an IASC meeting on 2 October, the following IASC focal points at the provincial levels were appointed: - Attapeu – WFP and HU; - Sekong – WFP and Care International; - Saravan – UNDP and Oxfam Australia; - Savannakhet – WFP and World Vision International (WVI). • At the national level, the cluster mechanism was activated. • The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) deployed its Emergency Response and Preparedness Programme Officer to assist LRC in impact and needs assessment. The findings are being developed into the three-month LRC Plan of Action. Logistics • Mekong River Commission (MRC) provides flood forecasting information, mainly monitoring the Mekong River levels. MRC also provided boats to assist the national authorities’ relief efforts. • Private companies and individuals contributed assistance in cash and in kind (logistical support) to the government’s relief efforts. • The military also provided vehicles, helicopters and boats for search and rescue and relief operations. Other (cash contribution) • The private sector has contributed up to 1.8 billion Lak (approximately $216,000) and about 300 million Lak ($35,332) in in-kind contributions.
On 16 October, the Resident Coordinator on behalf of IASC members in Lao PDR submitted a request to the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) for $3.8 million in support for the following clusters: Health, Shelter, WASH, Education, Nutrition, Protection, and Food Security. At the time the appeal document was finalized, the CERF request was being reviewed.
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2.2 HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES AND NEEDS ANALYSIS Based upon the preliminary information from the initial assessments, the IASC/UNDMT identified as priorities immediate food relief; water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions; and health and education sector rehabilitation. During the first few days of the crisis, data was initially collected by the Government, LRC, UN agencies and I/NGOs in the affected areas. Access difficulties have so far hampered efforts to assess the worst-affected areas of Sekong and Attapeu. Attempts to conduct detailed need assessments in these areas are on-going.
On 9 October 2009, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) informed the international community of the scale of the disaster and appealed for international assistance. Following this request, the UN Country Team (UNCT) and the IASC on 9 October 2009 agreed to conduct a joint assessment under the leadership of the Government, supported by UN and I/NGOs. From 17 to 21 October, ten teams led by the Government will assess the five typhoon-affected provinces, with a final report to be issued by 28 October. The agencies involved include UNRCO, UNDP, UNICEF, WFP, FAO, WHO and I/NGOs – WVI, CARE, Save the Children (SC) Australia, HU, Oxfam – among other organizations that will support the teams in the affected areas. The Flash Appeal will be revised based on the data gathered during this assessment. i. Food Security Preliminary reports from the Government, I/NGOs and UN offices in the field indicate that among the 178,647 people affected by Typhoon Ketsana, 115,000 people (64% of the total affected population) are in need of immediate food assistance in four of the five flood-affected provinces. The exact magnitude of the damage to food security has yet to be quantified. Initial reports indicate that thousands of households suffered severe damage to dwellings, rice fields, vegetable gardens and livestock. Typhoon Ketsana struck during the lean season when household food stocks are at their lowest levels, in anticipation of the upcoming harvest, in three of the five provinces.
The typhoon-affected provinces include some of the most food-insecure districts in Lao PDR, with rates of chronic malnutrition over 50%, in particular in Attapeu and Sekong. As a result of the flooding, many of the chronically food-insecure households are facing immediate challenges in meeting basic household food needs. Poorer households already have over-stretched coping mechanisms, relying on loans of food from neighbours and extended family to meet their day-to-day needs. Many villages have available stocks of rice for only two to three days at a time. Other food sources were also severely affected. In many villages, vegetable gardens were damaged or destroyed. Protein and wild food sources were also affected. Large numbers of livestock lost to the floods, as well as aquaculture assets were damaged or lost. In some cases ponds were silted by the floods and in others fish stock was lost during the high waters. ii. Health and Nutrition Access to health care services was disrupted as infrastructure (homes, roads, bridges, water supply, and 32 health facilities) in affected areas were damaged by the typhoon. The damages include damage to stocks of medical drugs and supplies, medical equipment, flooding of the health facilities and individual houses, distribution of water supply, electricity and sanitation.
In the aftermath of storm and flooding, there is a potential threat of outbreaks and risks that include: • increased morbidity and mortality by disease, and by categories of threats by chronological order of expectation due to: - the immediate consequence of the event: Injury and skin lesions, tetanus infection, and conjunctivitis; - poor living conditions, poor water and sanitation, and crowding in temporary shelters: risk of epidemic of acute respiratory infections, measles, and water-borne diseases (diarrhoeas, typhoid, hepatitis); - unprotected exposure to environment and water contaminated by urine of infected rodents: Risk of leptospirosis infection and outbreaks; - after several weeks and in relation with the proliferation of mosquito breeding sites after waters have receded: Risk of vector-borne diseases (malaria, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, lymphatic filariasis). • disrupted access to essential services for primary health care and for ante and post neo-natal care and safe delivery under correct sanitary conditions and other essential reproductive and maternal health services;
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• interruption of referral for emergency surgery for life threatening conditions and for complicated deliveries; • incidence of unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections that may increase due to lack of access to reproductive health services; • disruption of vaccination and other disease control programmes. Conditions of concern include vaccine preventable diseases such as measles, polio, and tetanus due to unsanitary conditions and that routine immunization coverage was very low prior to the storm and floods.
The five flood-affected provinces are highly endemic for malaria and Attapeu Province was endemic for lymphatic filiariasis. According to WHO guidelines, mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis should be started as soon as possible. For malaria, rapid diagnostic tests and anti-malarial drugs are required in all five provinces. These interventions are paramount, considering evidence that flood-affected areas show an increase in vector-borne diseases. Given that the routine immunization coverage is low, the prevention and control of vaccine-preventable diseases is urgently required. Entire vaccines stocks were lost in the two most affected provinces and need to be replaced. In addition post-exposure vaccine stocks for rabies are required for vulnerable populations. The fertility rate in the typhoon affected provinces, especially the hardest hit Attapeu and Sekong, is higher than national average, and 80 to 90% of pregnant women in these areas deliver at home, where hygiene conditions significantly worsened as a result of the floods.
While detailed data on the nutritional status of affected children is not yet available, children are at risk due to the disruption of availability and access to food, clean water, sanitation, and deterioration of living conditions. According to national data, a significant number of children in the affected areas were malnourished prior to the flooding with 37.1% of children under-five underweight and 40.4% stunted, representing chronic malnutrition. With regard to acute malnutrition, or wasting, the proportion of children with global acute malnutrition (GAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) was 6.5% and 0.6%, respectively. Pre-crisis baseline data indicates that approximately 25,500 children under-five and 9,000 pregnant and lactating women in affected areas are at risk of becoming moderately or severely acute malnourished based on UNICEF initial assessment estimates.
Children in the southern regions are more underweight (42.9%) and severely underweight (14.9%) than children living in other regions of the country. Only 26.4% of children less than six months of age are exclusively breastfed. To address this issue, the Government with support from UN agencies and other stakeholders developed a comprehensive National Nutrition Strategy/National Plan of Action for Nutrition (NNS/NPAN) with identified prioritized interventions. The strategy and plan of action also has provided a better understanding on what intervention should be addressed, under what situation and condition, to whom and how they should be implemented. iii. Protection Areas hit by Typhoon Ketsana (e.g. Phouvong and Sanxay Districts of Attapeu Province) are among the districts most heavily contaminated by UXO (cluster munitions) in the Lao PDR, itself one of the most heavily bombed nations (per capita) in the world. The affected population and the humanitarian relief effort are being threatened by UXO potentially displaced and exposed by rushing flood waters from beneath four to six inches of earth. Flood waters may also have unearthed and carried away UXO from previously identified locations, and deposited them in new locations near river banks, roads, farms, or areas of human settlement. As a result, support for life-saving and emergency relief efforts by clearing UXO and raising awareness of UXO-related risks among the typhoon-affected communities is critical.
Thousand of households have also been displaced, heightening the risk of having limited access to basic services and equity of distribution. Increased movement of families to urban areas may also be observed, thereby increasing the number of street families with children living or working in the streets for survival. Further assistance should also be ensured to some ethnic groups in isolated regions who are not receiving information about how and where to access assistance.
In the aftermath of a disaster, women and children are at heightened risk of being exploited or trafficked, as they may need to financially contribute to their own or their family’s basic survival. This is particularly true where long-term livelihood options are not available. There is also a risk that women and young people may be left unaccompanied. With a disruption of law and order, the risk of sexual violence may increase among the displaced population. Concerns for the protection of displaced persons and vulnerable groups and needs are addressed on a cross-sectoral basis though all clusters, in particular the Health, WASH, Food Security, as well as the Early Recovery and Emergency Shelter Clusters.
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iv. Education According to Government data and preliminary IASC joint assessment results, a total of 21,300 primary school students (9,585 girls) and 579 teachers were badly affected by the storms and floods. Whether experiencing an interruption of the school year, attending school in a temporary location, or in damaged schools without appropriate classroom furniture, teaching supplies or textbooks, these students and teachers will not be participating in their right to education in an environment that is conducive for learning. The proposed strategy for the education sector is to respond to these needs by supporting the provision of emergency school repair materials and furniture. (Basic school supplies such as notebooks and paper, chalk, markers and pens and learning materials such as textbooks will be replaced through Ministry of Education [MoE] resources.)
Available data from the MoE identified approximately 125 primary schools in 12 districts in four provinces that were either destroyed or severely damaged by the floods. A total of 23 primary schools constructed from wood or straw were destroyed in Attapeu, Savannakhet, Saravan, and Sekong. Although the 3,450 children affected by the destroyed schools are continuing their education in temporary makeshift locations, the conditions are often unsafe and unsanitary and the children are at risk of disease, injury and other negative health impacts. A total of 102 primary schools constructed out of brick and cement suffered damage to the roofing sheet roofs and cement floors and walls due to the heavy winds and excessive water damage. The 17,850 children attending these schools are also at risk of disease and injury if the school buildings are not urgently repaired. In addition to the structural damage to schools, there is a need to replace or repair damaged classroom furniture, such as student and teacher desks, benches and cupboards. The Water and Sanitation cluster will be responsible for rehabilitating the water supply and school latrines in the destroyed and severely damaged schools. v. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Initial rapid assessments undertaken in the flood-affected provinces of Saravan, Sekong, and Attapeu indicate that 235 villages in 12 districts suffered damages to their water supply and sanitation installations. A total of 25 gravity flow schemes have stopped supplying water to communities and 275 bore holes are silted because of damaged hand pumps. In addition, 2,678 household latrines need restoration as they are filled with flood water or have damaged superstructures. Floodwater inundated water and sanitation facilities in 112 schools (36 in rural villages and 20 in urban towns). Moreover, four water treatment plants were damaged and need priority repair. Silt deposits carried by floodwaters aggravated solid waste disposal systems and local government agencies require support with the clearance and repair work. vi. Emergency Shelter Immediate shelter-related needs of affected families and communities of Typhoon Ketsana include: a) provision of emergency and transitional shelter and NFIs; b) support for house repair; c) support for emergency repair of small scale community basic services and infrastructure.
The emergency and transitional shelter will provide “roof over the head” and safe and sanitary conditions for affected families whose houses were completely destroyed or located in highly dangerous and vulnerable disaster areas. The shelter support will provide communities with immediate and temporal safe places to stay while they negotiate and plan for a sustainable solution to their problems of resettlement in collaboration with the local government units and I/NGOs working in the area. NFIs will include basic kitchen utensils, treated mosquito nets/blankets/mats, access to temporary toilets, cleaning detergents and equipment etc., which respond to the basic hygiene and health needs of women and children, as well as safe and sanitary food preparation. Support for house repair/reinforcement will enable households to restore housing structures damaged by the flood. vii. Early Recovery A preliminary NDMO assessment indicated that the devastation caused by Typhoon Ketsana cut off hundreds of villages and damaged agricultural land, irrigation systems, fish ponds and livestock. Some 9,600 households have been displaced, and many already impoverished people have been deprived of livelihoods. Economic and social infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and essential social service centres, including hospitals, communication facilities and government offices, have been damaged or destroyed. In addition to those that depend on the agriculture and fishery sectors, small businesses and the informal sector were also affected. As a result, poorer yields and lower income are expected by the affected populations, further threatening livelihoods and human security.
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Damage to critical infrastructure and massive amounts of mud, clogged drainage, waste and debris has made relief and recovery efforts difficult and disrupted access to isolated villages and obstructed service provision. With capacity over-stretched, as part of its request for international assistance, the Government requested assistance for early recovery. Activities that need to be immediately implemented include clearance and repair of basic infrastructure to allow access for humanitarian assistance, and to restore access to basic infrastructure and services for the affected population. Those people who lost their houses will be assisted through emergency repairs or reconstruction utilising the build back better concept. Initiatives are planned to support the flood-affected population to resume their livelihoods immediately. viii. Coordination As part of its coordination role, the UNRCO provided financial, logistical, and technical reporting support to joint IASC assessments, especially Government staff to facilitate their participation in joint Government, UN, and NGO teams. However, the on-going humanitarian response to Typhoon Ketsana has overstretched the UNRCO’s limited human resources to conduct coordination and support work for the UN agencies, as well as for I/NGOs and development partners at central, provincial, district and local levels. The UNRCO provides essential updates and is key to keeping the in-country humanitarian and donor community abreast of the developing situation and on-going response activities. Surge capacity to the UNRCO is needed to facilitate the coordination of humanitarian response to Typhoon Ketsana.
2.3 SCENARIO Typhoon Ketsana overstretched the joint capacity of the Government and the humanitarian community to meet immediate needs in the affected areas. The typhoon aggravated the vulnerability of the population already situated in the poorest and food-insecure areas. In addition, the typhoon season is on-going, with more tropical storms expected in the coming weeks. This will worsen the already extremely vulnerable situation of the country. The most likely planning scenario is outlined in the following table.
Most Likely Scenario Core Assumptions • Government authorities continue to take the lead in emergency response. They are able to respond to some humanitarian needs, but require international support in the identified areas of food security, health, education, shelter, WASH, etc. • Flood-affected displaced populations are unable to return in the near future and require sustained assistance in food, WASH, health, protection, education and shelter. • Some infrastructure damage is reparable within a reasonable time, but the remoteness of the affected areas and significant damage to key infrastructure continues to obstruct relief from reaching isolated flood-affected populations. • Agencies’ planned programmatic resources are re-channelled to the flood emergency from already overstretched budgets and programmes. Humanitarian Implications • Reduced coping strategies for the most vulnerable and poorest segments of the affected population. • An increase in food insecurity. • An increase in maternal mortality and morbidity, due to unsafe home delivery and unplanned pregnancies. • Increase in disease due to decreased water quality and nutrition, and lack of access to basic medicine. • Disruption to on-going health prevention and education campaigns for measles, malaria, typhoid, etc. • Vulnerable populations benefiting from development programmes receive less assistance as resources are diverted toward the flood response.
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3. RESPONSE PLANS
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE
Priority needs and sectors were identified through consultations with the IASC Lao PDR partners and others, including local NGOs located in the affected provinces, following a review of available assessment data and response capacities. To the maximum extent possible, projects aim to complement the activities and available resources of the Government.
The response plans aim to address the basic humanitarian needs of the affected population, which is located in the poorest region of Lao PDR. The response plans aim to restore the basic livelihoods (shelter, water, sanitation, food) and strengthen the resilience and ability of communities to recover and return to normality. In addition to the new and additional humanitarian needs created by Typhoon Ketsana, areas in southern Lao PDR were already severely impacted by UXO, which further increases risks for local communities and affects the safety of relief distribution.
Projects that have been included in this appeal meet the following criteria: • The project meets immediate needs of the affected population, directly or indirectly; or • The project directly preserves life, health or safety; or • The project targets the isolated areas or addresses access to remote affected areas, given difficulties of the affected terrain.
Across all clusters, efforts will be made to identify the most vulnerable groups and individuals in need of protection and assistance.
3.1 FOOD SECURITY LEAD AGENCIES: WFP and FAO
Lao PDR usually produces enough to meet rice requirements per capita nationwide, although some areas, in particular provinces affected by Typhoon Ketsana, experience seasonal shortfalls. With reports from districts in Attapeu, Savannakhet, and Sekong indicating 70-100% damage to rice paddies, food availability will represent a key challenge in southern Lao PDR. The flood-affected provinces include some of the most food-insecure districts in the country, with rates of chronic malnutrition over 50%.
As a result of the flooding, many chronically food-insecure households are facing immediate challenges in meeting their household food needs. Poorer households are already relying on loans of food from neighbours and extended family to meet day-to-day needs. Many villages have available stocks of rice for only two to three days at a time. Other sources of food have been severely affected as well. In many villages, vegetable gardens have been damaged or totally destroyed. Protein and wild food sources were also impacted. In addition to large animals lost to the floods, aquaculture assets were damaged or lost. In some cases, ponds became silted or fish stocks lost during the high waters.
With kitchens traditionally situated at ground level beneath the house, many households have lost kitchen contents and implements as they were swept away by floodwater. Combined with the loss of food stocks and storage facilities, affected households have lost all but the most basic means of preparing food. . Villagers have consistently highlighted that their primary, most immediate need is rice, followed by medicine and other forms of food. There is also need to ensure access to food and nutrition for the most vulnerable populations, including pregnant and lactating women, and female-headed households.
Sectoral objectives To meet the immediate food needs of the most vulnerable population affected by Typhoon Ketsana and to protect livelihoods and provide essential support to farmers by providing agricultural inputs, in particular rice seeds.
Strategy and proposed activities Rapid assessments were conducted by I/NGOs working on food security, as well as by WFP. Based on these results, and requests made by I/NGOs to WFP for food assistance, the plan is to support a total of 115,000 people for an initial three months. The caseload plans to be reduced to approximately 30,000
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people from January 2010, based on past experience with flood response in Lao PDR. Careful monitoring of the situation will take place through WFP field offices. The UN Joint Assessment currently underway will also provide further information on needs. The selection of villages to be assisted will take place in partnership with the provincial government and partner I/NGOs. WFP will continue to focus on local procurement of rice, market conditions permitting, and procure required rice in Lao PDR.
Six-month requirements for food assistance Month Caseload No. days Requirement (MT) * October 115,000 ** ** November 115,000 21** 1,208** December 115,000 30 1,725 January 40,000 30 600 February 40,000 30 600 March 40,000 30 600 Total 4,733 Source: WFP * 500 grams/pppd rice ** Some 2,243 MTs ($1.47 million equivalent) of commodities required for the first five weeks will be covered from WFP contingency stock.
For the agricultural component of the food security response, proposed activities include: • identification of the targeted 15,000 most affected poor and insecure households (about 91,600 people) with particular attention on minority, women-headed households and households with small children; • procurement and distribution of certified rice seeds and farm tools; • identification and selection of implementing partners (I/NGOs, government line departments, etc.) and signing of Letters of Agreement.
Expected outcomes • Immediate food needs of the most vulnerable are met and livelihoods protected. • Restored household food and nutrition security of 15,000 vulnerable households through the provision of over 1,320 MTs of rice seeds and farming tools in Attapeu, Sekong, Saravan, Savannakhet, and Champassack Provinces.
FOOD SECURITY $ Project Title Food Assistance for People in need following Typhoon Ketsana Objectives To meet the immediate food needs of the most WFP vulnerable and protect livelihoods 3,109,158 Beneficiaries Total:115,000 LAO-09/F/29477 Including: Women: 28,700; Children: 58,700 Partners Oxfam, WV, Care, Village Focus International, HU, IFAD Emergency Agricultural Response to Typhoon Project Title Ketsana Affected Farmers Objectives Immediately protect and support food security restoration of most vulnerable farming families to save FAO lives thorough the supply of agriculture inputs. 1,780,000 Beneficiaries 91,600 people (15,000 households) of whom 37,600 LAO-09/A/29478 men, and 54,000 women, including 9,000 persons over 18 years of age and 18,600 under 18 years Partners Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry of Planning and Investment and I/NGOs
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3.2 HEALTH AND NUTRITION LEAD AGENCIES: WHO / UNICEF Following Typhoon Ketsana, it will be critical to address actual and potential health risks created by disruption of clean water and food supplies, destruction of shelter and the consequent crowding in temporary shelters that facilitates the spread of water and food-borne, respiratory and vaccine preventable diseases. The underlying causes of poor nutritional status include food insecurity, poor child feeding and care practices, poor sanitation and hygiene conditions, and poor health environment. These issues were compounded by the impact of the floods which have caused increased food insecurity with a change in food consumption towards less nutritious foods, concentration of defecation areas on footpaths near communities, and a higher incidence of diarrhoea among the population. Deficiency of micronutrients is also a major national health problem.
The most immediate and greatest needs are linked to child feeding and caring practices, clean drinking water, and hygiene. Malnutrition may increase as a result of the damage to crops and livestock, disruption of water and sanitation systems (leading to possible increased diarrhoeal disease), and loss of income and means to adequately feed and care for children. Destruction or damage caused to people’s homes has worsened households’ hygienic conditions, increasing the risk of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity especially since most women in the affected areas deliver at home. Provision of basic maternal and child health and nutrition services is urgently required to address these concerns. These efforts will be carried out jointly with other UN agencies and I/NGOs under leadership of MoH.
Objectives • To strengthen access to preventive and curative health care services for affected populations especially children and women in affected communities. • To strengthen the disease surveillance system for prevention and control of disease outbreaks. • To strengthen reproductive health services including provision of emergency obstetric and neonatal care to prevent excess maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. • To strengthen health and nutrition coordination through the cluster system at national level.
Strategy and proposed activities The health response will address priority needs to prevent excess maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity among the flood-affected communities including children under-five and pregnant and lactating women by: • improving access to essential health curative and preventive services, including reproductive health services, for families living in affected areas through health outreach, providing standard treatment protocols and ensuring supply of essential drugs and vaccines; • strengthening early warning systems for early detection of disease outbreaks and preparedness for response to outbreaks; • ensuring implementation of the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for reproductive health; • coordinating health interventions with Health Cluster partners and regular Health Cluster meetings at central level; • establishing/supporting health outreach activities to villages in affected areas, supporting the MoH in provision of integrated health outreach services to children and women, including immunization, postnatal care, family planning, Vitamin A and iron supplementation, de-worming and curative services; • strengthening disease surveillance and early warning systems; • local and international procurement and distribution of medicines, medical supplies, and emergency reproductive health kits to functioning health mobile teams; • distributing clean delivery kits to pregnant women in the affected areas and their birth attendants in the five provinces; • distributing facility level delivery kits, management of miscarriage kits and suture of tears kits to the hospitals in the affected five provinces; • distributing post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) kits to health facilities in the heavily affected districts in Attapeu, Sekong, and Saravan where displaced populations are expected to stay in shelters for a certain period, and where there is a possibility of a number of women and young people staying unaccompanied; • distributing additional 5,000 personal hygiene kits to displaced population in Attapeu;
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• environmental vector control measures (i.e. abate and adulticide treatments to reduce vector burden of dengue and malaria-carrying mosquitoes) to displaced and affected persons living in crowded conditions; • supporting health education activities, distribution of risk communication materials including hygiene promotion and disease prevention.
The health services will be provided as part of an integrated approach with health sector agencies including WHO, UNICEF, and UNFPA. Existing stocks of vaccines, contraceptives, supplies, and cold-chain equipment will be used to cover the immediate needs.
The nutrition response strategies and proposed activities will focus quick impact interventions, including: • distribution of Vitamin A, de-worming and iron-folic acid tablets through integrated package of health and nutrition outreach services to children 0-59 months and pregnant and lactating women; • promotion of exclusive breastfeeding through counselling and support from trained health staff and village volunteers to support breastfeeding mothers; • expansion of multiple micronutrient powder (MNP/sprinkles) supplementation for children under five accompanied with capacity development for health staff and village volunteers; • provision of ready-to-use therapeutic food for treatment of severe acute malnutrition of an estimated 500 children, accompanied with development capacity for health providers and community members; • zinc supplementation in conjunction with diarrhoea treatment; • promotion through communication and advocacy of exclusive breastfeeding during the emergency; • organization of information, education and communication (IEC) activities to ensure diffusion of nutrition messages (diarrhoea prevention, appropriate complementary feeding, the use of Sprinkles (small packets containing a blend of micronutrients in powder form that can instantly fortify homemade food without interfering with the flavour), identification of severe acute malnutrition etc.; • assessment on nutrition situation of children and women through implementation of nutrition surveys with technical assistance in anthropometry measurement from WHO.
Expected outcomes Health • Health mobile teams are established and supported with operational costs to conduct health outreach visits to villages in affected areas. • All mobile teams are supported with drugs and supplies. • Disease surveillance system is strengthened through community event-based surveillance and rumour verification/outbreak response initiated within 48 hours of case reporting. Specific outcomes will be case and outbreak reports and response summaries. • Insecticide-treated bed nets are procured and provided to poor families and displaced households in affected areas. • Enhanced vaccination and vector control coverage of displaced and affected communities (documented). • Strengthened maternal and reproductive health services to affected provinces. • Maintenance of minimum level of personal hygiene among displaced population in Attapeu. • Reduce risk of unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the districts with high level of displaced populations.
Nutrition • At least 30% of infants aged 0-6 months are exclusively breastfed. • At least 90% of children 6-59 month-old receive Vitamin A and de-worming tablets. • All post-partum women will receive Vitamin A (post-partum capsule) [VAC] and de-worming. • At least 60% of children 6-59 month-old consumed multiple micronutrient powder (sprinkles). • At least 50% of pregnant women received iron-folic acid. • All severely acute malnourished children are effectively treated. • All children with diarrhoea receive zinc (in conjunction with Oral Rehydration Salts [ORS]). • Effective and well-coordinated cluster leadership on nutrition response. Assessment on nutritional status is conducted (baseline and after six months provision of supplements.
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HEALTH $ Project Title Emergency Surveillance, Medical Supply and Vector Control for Flood-Affected Areas Objectives • Surveillance and response operational costs and training • Malaria and dengue prevention and control WHO • Provision of vaccine for emergency vaccination (e.g., against measles) and replenishing lost stocks 863,971 LAO-09/H/29480 for childhood. Provision of tetanus toxoid vaccine and tetanus immune globulin. • Lymphatic filariasis mass drug administration • Medical supplies Beneficiaries Affected population (apx. 178,000 people) Partners MoH, provincial and district health offices, I-NGOs Project Title Maternal and child health (MCH) care for communities affected by tropical storm Objectives • Provide integrated MCH services to children and women in affected areas through outreach visits. • Procure/distribute ORS for diarrhoea treatment. UNICEF • Procure/provide insecticide-treated bed nets to poor families and displaced households for 300,000 LAO-09/H/29484 prevention of malaria and dengue fever, life-saving communication focusing on health and nutrition including communication materials. Beneficiaries 25,500 children under-five, 9,000 pregnant and lactating women, and 9,600 displaced households Partners MoH, I-NGOs Project Title Providing Life-saving Reproductive Health and Maternal Health Services to Populations Affected by Typhoon Ketsana Objectives To prevent excess maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity through distribution of personal hygiene UNFPA kits and emergency reproductive health supplies such 130,743 as clean delivery kits, management of miscarriage kits, LAO-09/H/29487 suture of cervical tears kits, post-rape treatment kits; and training of health care providers. Beneficiaries 4,000 pregnant women in all affected areas (five provinces); 5,000 displaced households in Attapeu Partner MoH, INGOs Project Title Nutrition Emergency Response to the Topical Storm/Floods Objectives Protect the lives of children under five and pregnant and lactating women in the affected areas through provision of support for lifesaving nutrition interventions including: • ensuring Nutrition Cluster coordination for effectively and timely response; • integrating nutrition activities such as Vitamin A, iron/folate supplementation, and de-worming with UNICEF health outreach package of services; 250,000 • expanding multiple micro-nutrient (Sprinkles) LAO-09/H/29488 supplementation for children 6-59 months; • ensuring that cases of severe acute malnutrition are identified and treated effectively; • protecting, promoting, and supporting breastfeeding; • establishing/strengthening monitoring of nutrition status of children under-five and women. Beneficiaries 25,500 children under-five, 9,000 pregnant and lactating women Partners MoH, UN agencies (WHO, WFP, FAO) and I-NGOs
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3.3 PROTECTION LEAD AGENCY: UNICEF
Sectoral objectives 1) Approximately 20,000 children and vulnerable women are provided with psycho-social support and life skill education through recreational child friendly activities, provision of psycho-social materials and monitoring of vulnerable families in the five most affected provinces. 2) Appropriate mechanisms are established in the affected provinces to ensure the effective and timely follow-up and psycho-social support for the most at risk populations including women and vulnerable children affected by the floods. 3) Support life-saving and emergency relief and early recovery efforts by clearing UXO and raising awareness of UXO risks among the typhoon-affected communities.
Strategy and proposed activities • Reduction of insecurity through early UXO/mine action interventions. • Set up mobile teams and/or community-based structures at the village level to assist in the identification of children exhibiting signs of trauma and stress, refer and/or provide psycho-social support as needed. • Conduct refresher training events and orientation to local counterparts, in particular for LWU staff to enhance skills in provision of psycho-social support to vulnerable children and their families. Focus on local members of the existing child protection networks in the affected provinces when appropriate. • Organize innovative recreational and non-formal learning and life-skills activities which will focus on building children and women's resiliency, especially strengthening their coping skills. • Support gatherings of women and girls in affected areas to discuss specific needs and concerns due to the floods. Where feasible, child protection networks will be the identified mechanism; where these do not yet exist, groups of women and children will be brought together with support from the LWU representative. • Provide sports and recreational kits to vulnerable children and their families to assist with psycho- social and emotional healing. • Ensure that women and children have access to referral services to address their needs in relation to gender-based violence (GBV) (for example, critical health, psycho-social, protection and legal/justice services). • Develop capacity-building among service providers, including LWU, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) and I/NGOs on risks of trafficking. Follow-up awareness-raising information and training will be provided for approximately 2,000 women and girls. • Lead coordination of activities and support in child protection sector and development of a coordinated response as well as development of a joint strategy on the response and follow-up for separated children.
Expected outcomes • 20,000 affected children, particularly boys and girls, are able to cope with the emotional and psycho- social effects of the floods. • Children’s life skills and resilience reinforced, increasing protection from violence, exploitation and abuse, in particular, trafficking and abuse in relation to the migration/relocation process. • 5,000 affected women provided with basic counselling and referrals, as needed, to reduce risk of trafficking and respond to reports of GBV. • Government staff and other key stakeholders provided with necessary skills to be prepared and able to respond to the protection rights of people during disasters, including the capacity to raise awareness regarding trafficking and GBV. • A coordinated response for the protection of women and children delivered, including development of a strategy for separated children. • Loss of life and injury due to UXO averted; emergency relief and early recovery efforts facilitated through UXO clearance.
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PROTECTION $ Project Title Protecting Children and Women in Natural Disasters and Flooding Situations in Southern Provinces Objectives • Reach approximately 20,000 vulnerable children and their families with psycho-social support and life skills education. • Coordinate and establish appropriate UNICEF mechanisms in affected provinces to ensure effective and timely follow-up and psycho-social 150,000 LAO-09/P-HR- support for most at risk and vulnerable children RL/29492 and their families affected by the floods. Beneficiaries Approximately 15,000 children and their families (100 people per village in 150 villages) and 5,000 women. Focus will be on those children and women displaced and living outside their dwellings. Partners MLSW, Law Women’s Unit, I/NGOs including Handicap International Belgium, WV Lao, SC- Norway. Project Title Emergency UXO action for Early Recovery of the Typhoon Affected Communities Objectives • Improve access for affected communities, which UNDP is vital for emergency relief and economic recovery. 600,000 LAO-09/P-HR- • Minimize loss of life and injury due to UXO RL/29495 exposed or relocated by the floods. Beneficiaries UXO contaminated villages in the three most affected Provinces (Attapeu, Saravan and Sekong) Partners UXO Lao, NRA
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3.4 EDUCATION LEAD AGENCY: UNICEF
Sectoral objectives • To enable 21,300 primary school children (including 9,585 girls) and 579 teachers in the flood-affected provinces to teach and learn in 125 replaced or repaired schools that provide a safe, hygienic and protective school environment without risk of disease, injury and other negative health impacts. • To enable effective coordination of emergency response to education sector.
Strategy and proposed activities • To procure and transport essential supplies for school repairs (roofing sheets, cement, gravel, sand and bricks) and classroom furniture (student and teachers’ desk and cupboards) for 23 totally destroyed wooden and straw primary schools, and 102 severely damaged brick and cement primary schools in 12 districts in Attapeu, Savannakhet, Saravan and Sekong provinces. • To monitor the process of replacing and repairing the damaged primary schools and classroom furniture.
Expected outcomes • 21,300 primary school children and 579 teachers in 12 districts in Attapeu, Savannakhet, Saravan, and Sekong provinces teaching and learning in replaced or repaired schools that provide a healthier, safer and more protective environment sheltered from rain, wind and muddy conditions and enable active participation in the education process. • Effective and well-coordinated emergency education response.
EDUCATION $ Project Title Flood Emergency Response for Primary Schools Objectives • To enable 21,300 primary school children and 579 teachers in the flood- affected provinces to teach and learn in 125 replaced or repaired schools that provide a safe, hygienic and protective school environment without risk of UNICEF disease, injury and other negative health impacts. 400,000 To enable effective coordination of emergency LAO-09/E/29497 • response to education sector. Beneficiaries 21,300 primary school children (9,585 girls); 579 teachers Partners MoE at central, provincial and district level, Village Education Committees, I/NGOs, including SC Norway and SC Australia
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3.5 WASH LEAD AGENCIES: WHO / UNICEF
WASH cluster members are providing NFIs, including water containers, soap, coagulants, and chlorine to the flood-affected provinces. The overall plan for the cluster’s emergency response is to support about 21,000 families (125,000 people) with WASH interventions in the coming six months. Some 12 health centres in three provinces also need immediate support to install water supply connections. The rehabilitation of hand pumps, de-watering, cleaning and disinfection of bore holes, distribution of soap, chlorine tablets and coagulants to treat turbid water will continue. As flood-waters subside, hygiene conditions are very poor, requiring quick and concerted efforts to initiate hygiene education with communication materials and practical interventions.
Sectoral objectives • About 21,000 families (125,000 people) have access to improved water of which 13,500 families (80,000 people) have access to sanitation and hygiene through necessary supplies and restoration of damaged infrastructure. • 112 schools (damaged in five provinces) have rehabilitated water and sanitation facilities and personal and house hold hygiene is improved. • Four towns of the flood-affected provinces have re-established solid waste collection, disposal and functional drainage. • The WASH Cluster is organized and activities of partners are coordinated and monitored.
Strategy and proposed activities • Provision to families and schools of water storage utensils, water treatment materials, flooring sheets and soap. • Restore sanitation facilities, particularly latrines in the affected areas and in schools, to avoid open defecation. • Undertake training events to improve hygiene in schools and communities through effective communication. • Pump stagnant water from affected areas to avoid mosquitoes and vector-borne diseases. • Repair hand pumps to improve water supply in villages. • Rehabilitate gravity-fed water supply intakes and distribution networks destroyed by landslides. • Repair water treatment plants in four towns of three provinces. • Train government counterparts at provincial and district level on operation and maintenance of water supply treatment plants. • Rehabilitate water and sanitation facilities in 112 affected schools. • Reinforce solid waste management system in four affected urban areas. • UNICEF and UN-HABITAT will work closely with other members of the WASH cluster in support of the Government’s efforts in the emergency WASH response and implementation of activities.
Expected outcomes • Children in 112 schools and families in 235 villages and four towns have access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities and practice proper hygiene, in particular hand washing. • No incidence of water related and vector-borne diseases in the response area. • The WASH cluster is well established and has the capacity to coordinate action and avoid duplication.
WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) $ Project Title Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for children and women effected by Typhoon Ketsana Objectives • 13,500 families (80,000 people) in rural areas have access to improved drinking water, sanitation through necessary supplies and UNICEF restoration of damaged WASH infrastructure. • 92 schools have rehabilitated water and sanitation 400,000 LAO-09/WS/29498 facilities. • The WASH Cluster is organized and activities of partners are coordinated and monitored. Beneficiaries Approximately 80,000 individuals Partners MoH, Ministry of Public works and Urban planning and I/NGOs
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WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) $ Project Title Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Water Supply and Sanitation Infrastructure in Urban and Peri-urban Areas in Three Provinces Objectives • Four towns of affected provinces have functioning water treatment plants and have re-established solid waste collection and disposal. • 20 schools have rehabilitated water and sanitation facilities and personal and house-hold hygiene is UN-HABITAT improved. 400,000 At least 7,500 families (45,000 people) benefited LAO-09/WS/29499 • from physical works and awareness-raising activities related to water, sanitation and hygiene. • Government partners at provincial level have capacity to operate and maintain water treatment plants and solid waste management. Beneficiaries Approximately 45,000 people Partners Ministry Public Works and Transport, Provincial Nampapas
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3.6 SHELTER LEAD AGENCY: UN-HABITAT
Typhoon Ketsana damaged or destroyed houses, public facilities and local livelihoods, as well as essential access roads, which severed access to flood-affected villages and exacerbated the logistical challenges for emergency relief. There is a need to support emergency rehabilitation of key life-saving infrastructure by providing emergency work and training for debris clearing, repair of roads, bridges, public facilities, communication systems, etc. It is estimated that around 178,000 people have been affected, of which approximately 20,000 people had their homes damaged or destroyed, forcing them into displacement in make-shift shelters or with host families. It is reported that over 2,000 houses were destroyed and/or severely damaged.
Sectoral objectives To alleviate the suffering of the affected households by immediately providing basic but essential emergency shelter repairs and NFIs to 2,120 affected priority households of the two UN-HABITAT partners in Attapeu, Sekong and Saravan.
Strategy and proposed activities Immediate shelter-related needs of affected families and communities of Typhoon Ketsana addressed through partnerships with UN-HABITAT the Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT), the LWU, the Asian Coalition on Housing Rights (ACHR) and other international NGOs. The emergency shelter activities include: • provision of emergency and temporary shelter; this will provide safe and sanitary accommodation for affected families whose houses were completely destroyed or located in highly dangerous areas. It will give communities a safe place to stay while they negotiate and plan for a sustainable solution to their problems of resettlement in collaboration with the local government units and NGOs working in the area; • funding for house repair or reinforcement: This will enable households to restore housing structure damaged by the flood and provide a safe environment to live; • funding to repair small community infrastructure: Most small community infrastructure such as schools, multi-purpose centres, alleys, or drainage covers were damaged by the flooding and requires repair. The mud covering roads and the debris brought by the floods needs to be cleared using trucks and other light to heavy equipment. Funding will give the affected communities leveraged support to secure assistance from the local government and other agencies.
Expected outcomes • At least 1,120 families have improved houses and small community infrastructure. • At least 1,000 families have improved living conditions with access to hygiene/sanitary facilities and other NFI. • At least 5,000 families have received NFIs to maintain a minimum level of daily basic activities.
SHELTER $ Project Title Transitory Shelter Project Objectives • To provide safe and sanitary shelters for families whose houses were destroyed or those living in danger areas. UN-HABITAT • To address the immediate needs of affected communities to clear the mud and debris, and the 540,000 LAO-09/S- repair of destroyed houses and small community NF/29501 infrastructure. Beneficiaries 2,120 families (including 1,000 affected priority households of the two UN-HABITAT partners in Attapeu, Sekong, and Saravan) Partners MPWT, LWU, and other I/NGOs Project Title Provision of Non-Food Items Project UN-HABITAT Objective To provide affected families with NFI to maintain a
minimum level of daily basic activities. 280,000 LAO-09/S- Beneficiaries 5,000 households NF/29502 Partners MPWT, LWU, and other I/NGOs
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3.7 EARLY RECOVERY LEAD AGENCY: UNDP
Early recovery must be planned and initiated from the outset of a crisis to provide the basis for sustainable recovery and allow for a “building back better” approach. The emphasis should be placed upon restoring national capacities to provide services in a secure environment, restore livelihoods, coordinate disaster response activities, prevent the recurrence of crisis, and create an enabling environment for long-term sustainable development. Early recovery efforts aim at generating sustainable and nationally-owned processes and strengthening national capacities to minimize vulnerabilities, enhance human security, and address the underlying issues that contributed to the natural disaster’s adverse impacts.
Sectoral objectives Early recovery cuts across the priorities and objectives of all the other sectors and clusters. Whenever possible, it is therefore mainstreamed into the projects included in this Appeal. However, there are areas of early recovery that are not addressed by other sector response plans, and those are included in this section. The objectives of the initiatives’ concerned are to: • provide immediate support to recovery of essential public facilities and community infrastructure and provide the necessary material and equipment; • provide immediate assistance and opportunities for clearing debris, rubble, garbage, and drainage systems; • improve access to the typhoon-affected communities and minimize hazard exposure; • create immediate employment opportunities for those who have lost their livelihoods, through CFW schemes; • develop national and local capacities for early warning, preparedness, and recovery from disasters; • generate and/or reinforce nationally owned post-typhoon recovery processes that are resilient and sustainable; • fill in any vacuum between emergency relief and longer-term reconstruction and transform the disaster into opportunities for sustainable development and better livelihoods.
Strategy and proposed activities Early Recovery activities will be divided into two phases. Phase 1 corresponds to the immediate initiatives proposed under this initial Appeal. Phase 2 will include adjusted/additional interventions to be reflected in a revised Appeal. Regardless of the phase, the UNDP-supported projects will be nationally implemented to ensure national ownership and maximize capacity development. In collaboration with other development partners, such as I/NGO and civil society organizations (CSOs), the proposed projects aim to: • complement on-going emergency assistance operations to ensure that their inputs become assets for long-term development, foster the self-reliance of affected populations, and help rebuild livelihoods; • support spontaneous recovery initiatives by affected communities; • establish the foundations for longer-term recovery.
The activities under Phase 1 (three months from the disaster) will focus on: • restoration of livelihoods and income generation, through CFW infrastructure rehabilitation; • support to debris clearance and environmental clean-up; • basic rehabilitation of public service facilities (such as government offices, community centres, communication facilities, etc) and provision of material and equipment (i.e. office equipment); • improving access to means of economic activities and reintegration (including repairs of roads and bridges); • support to national/local institutional capacity development for disaster risk management and humanitarian/recovery coordination.
Guided by the outcomes of a rapid early recovery needs assessment, the Phase 2 activities will focus on the following: • Support to planning for early economic recovery, and provision of policy advice to national/ local governments on livelihoods restoration plans and social services; • Introduction of social and community-based safety nets for vulnerable people; • Promotion of improved land and natural resources management techniques to prevent soil erosion and exhaustion; • Continued rehabilitation of public/social/economic infrastructure, using local technologies, construction materials, local know-how for a direct positive impact on the local economy;
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• Policy advice on alternative and affordable building technologies for repair and reconstruction that will improve building and planning standards; • Provide options for affordable and environmentally sustainable building materials; • Identification of detrimental coping mechanisms (such as child labour, prostitution, etc.) and development of appropriate preventive and responsive measures, including through the provision of cash grants and emergency social protection schemes; • Awareness-raising and capacity development of communities and authorities to identify and promptly address sexual and gender-based violence in the aftermath of the crisis; Promotion of HIV/AIDS prevention activities; • Provision of support to the active participation of women and women’s organizations in all aspects of early recovery planning and implementation; • Rapid mapping activities: hazard mapping; structural/environmental damage assessment; • Support to development of national/local institutional capacity and legal system for disaster risk prevention and mitigation for enhanced preparedness for future crisis (e.g. early warning); • Support to national/local governments for developing a strategy and action plans to deal with the anticipated mid-term/longer-term impacts on livelihoods caused by the damage.
Expected outcomes • Improved access for humanitarian and early recovery efforts for the delivery of gender-based services that address critical needs; • Cleared/restored vital access to the affected communities (indicator: number of roads, bridges, public offices, communication facilities repaired. Volume of debris, waste and drainage cleared); • Emergency employment provided to the vulnerable typhoon affected for improved livelihoods (indicator: number of people provided with job through CFW scheme); • Gender mainstreamed in disaster response (Indicator: Number of women benefiting from the project, e.g. job provided, trained, etc.); • Functional national and local government units able to deliver essential and timely emergency and early recovery services to the typhoon-affected people in targeted sites; • National/local capacity enhanced for preparedness and disaster response planning, implementation, coordination and monitoring (Indicator: Number of training provided to the national implementing partners, availability of a mid- to longer-term needs assessment report); • Strengthened national/local awareness of disaster risks and enhanced resilience.
EARLY RECOVERY $ Project Title Restoring Vital Lifelines, Community Infrastructure and Livelihoods Through Emergency Employment and Cash-for-Work Programmes Objectives • To transform the disaster into opportunities for long-term development and better livelihoods. • To provide immediate support to recovery of UNDP essential public facilities and community infrastructure, clearing of debris, rubble, garbage, 750,000 LAO-09/ER/29503 drainage systems, and provide necessary equipment and items. • To create emergency employment opportunities for those who lost their livelihoods. Beneficiaries 10,000 affected people of the worst affected districts of Attapeu, Saravan, and Sekong Provinces Partners MLSW, MPWT, Provincial/District Governor’s Offices, NGO
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EARLY RECOVERY $ Project Title Strengthening National and Community Capacities for Emergency Response and Disaster Risk Management Objectives • To develop national and local capacity for early warning, preparedness, and recovery from UNDP disasters. • To generate and/or reinforce nationally owned 150,000 LAO-09/ER/29504 post-typhoon recovery processes that are resilient and sustainable. Beneficiaries 100,000 typhoon affected communities (direct/indirect) and national/local authorities Partners NDMO, Provincial/District Governor’s offices, LWU, LYU, Village Protection Units, IASC members, NGO
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3.8 COORDINATION LEAD AGENCY: UNITED NATIONS RESIDENT COORDINATOR’s OFFICE (UNRCO)
UNDP provided temporary support to the UNRCO in emergency coordination. The UNRCO staff were mobilized to focus on the emergency response, as well as to ensure the smooth operation of regular on- going UNDP projects. Following the impact of Typhoon Ketsana, there was an increase in expectations of the UNRCO to facilitate coordination in support of the Government’s disaster response efforts. In addition, there was an increased demand for information gathering, sharing and dissemination among in-country and external UN team, humanitarian and development partners. These expectations put pressure on existing human resources, which have been overstretched.
As part of its coordination role the UNRCO also provided financial, logistical, and technical reporting support to joint IASC assessments, especially Government staff to facilitate their participating in joint government, UN, and NGO teams.
Sectoral objectives To provide surge capacity to the UNRCO and support the on-going joint assessments to understand the gaps and needs for humanitarian response to Typhoon Ketsana.
Strategy and proposed activities • Provide support to joint assessment teams, particularly the Government counterparts accompanying the UN and NGO participants. • Recruit two short-term consultants for three months. The coordination component will be implemented by the UNRCO.
Expected outcomes Improved coordination in emergency planning, response and reporting for the typhoon humanitarian response.
Coordination and Support Services $ Project Title Surge Support to the IASC on Emergency Response to Typhoon Ketsana. Objectives To provide surge capacity to the UNRCO and support to joint assessments to facilitate coordinate humanitarian and early recovery action around UNDP 50,000 Typhoon Ketsana. Beneficiaries IASC and NDMO, and disaster focal points in line government ministries Partners UNCT, NDMO, and disaster focal points in line ministries
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4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
The response is being led by the Government of Lao People’s Democratic Republic through the NDMC under the Vice Prime Minister and Minister of Defence. The NDMC have established coordination the Provincial Disaster Management committee (PDMC), District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) and Village Disaster Management Committee (VDMC) to coordinate all rescue and response activities at the local level and are the first point of contact for agencies before conducting assessments and assistance missions.
The IASC Country Team has adopted the Cluster Approach with clearly defined roles for cluster lead agencies working in support of their government counterparts. The IASC Country Team includes humanitarian partners (Oxfam Australia, SC, WVI, CARE, Handicap International and HU) working in the affected provinces. The table below summarizes the coordination structure that is in place:
Cluster/Sector Government Cluster Lead IASC Cluster Lead
Food Security NDMO/MAF WFP / FAO
MoH/Department of Health, Health, Nutrition, and WASH Department of Hygiene and UNICEF / WHO Prevention, WREA
Education MoE UNICEF
Protection NDMO / UXO Lao UNICEF
Logistics* NDMO WFP
Shelter MPWT / MPI UN-HABITAT
Early Recovery NDMO UNDP * No projects submitted in the Flash Appeal
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ANNEX I. LIST OF PROJECTS
PROJECTS GROUPED BY CLUSTER
Table III: List of projects grouped by cluster Lao PDR Flash Appeal 2009 as of 20 October 2009 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 1 of 2
Project Code Appealing Organisation Project Title Original Requirements (US$)
COORDINATION
LAO-09/CSS/29545/776 UNDP Surge support to the Inter Agency Standing Committee on emergency 50,000 response to Typhoon Ketsana
Subtotal for COORDINATION 50,000
EARLY RECOVERY
LAO-09/ER/29503/776 UNDP Restoring Vital Lifelines, Community Infrastructure and Livelihoods Through 750,000 Emergency Employment and Cash-for-Work Programmes
LAO-09/ER/29504/776 UNDP Strengthening National and Community Capacities for Emergency 150,000 Response and Disaster Risk Management
Subtotal for EARLY RECOVERY 900,000
EDUCATION
LAO-09/E/29497/124 UNICEF Flood Emergency Response for Primary Schools 400,000
Subtotal for EDUCATION 400,000
FOOD SECURITY
LAO-09/A/29478/123 FAO Emergency Agricultural Response to Typhoon Ketsana Affected Farmers 1,780,000
LAO-09/F/29477/561 WFP Food assistance for people in need following Ketsana 3,109,158
Subtotal for FOOD SECURITY 4,889,158
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE
LAO-09/H/29480/122 WHO Emergency surveillance, medical supply and vector control for 863,971 flood-affected areas
LAO-09/H/29484/124 UNICEF Maternal and child Health Care for Communities affected by Tropical Storm 300,000
LAO-09/H/29487/1171 UNFPA Providing life saving Reproductive Health and maternal health services to 130,743 populations affected by Typhoon Ketsana
LAO-09/H/29488/124 UNICEF Nutrition Emergency Response to the Topical Storm/Floods 250,000
LAO-09/WS/29498/124 UNICEF Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for children and women effected by 400,000 Typhoon Ketsana
LAO-09/WS/29499/7039 UN-HABITAT Rehabilitation and reconstruction of water supply and sanitation 400,000 infrastructure in urban and peri-urban areas in three Provinces
Subtotal for HEALTH, NUTRITION AND WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE 2,344,714
The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 20 October 2009. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).
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Table III: List of projects grouped by cluster Lao PDR Flash Appeal 2009 as of 20 October 2009 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 2 of 2
Project Code Appealing Organisation Project Title Original Requirements (US$)
PROTECTION
LAO-09/P-HR-RL/29492/124 UNICEF Protecting Children and Women in Natural Disasters and Flooding 150,000 Situations in Southern Provinces
LAO-09/P-HR-RL/29495/776 UNDP Emergency UXO action for Early Recovery of the Typhoon Affected 600,000 Communities
Subtotal for PROTECTION 750,000
SHELTER
LAO-09/S-NF/29501/7039 UN-HABITAT Transitory Shelter Project 540,000
LAO-09/S-NF/29502/7039 UN-HABITAT Provision of Non-Food Items Project 280,000
Subtotal for SHELTER 820,000
Grand Total 10,153,872
The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 20 October 2009. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).
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SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS BY IASC STANDARD SECTOR
Table IV: Summary of requirements by IASC standard sector Lao PDR Flash Appeal 2009 as of 20 October 2009 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation.
Sector Name Original Requirements (US$)
AGRICULTURE 1,780,000
COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 50,000
ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 900,000
EDUCATION 400,000
FOOD 3,109,158
HEALTH 1,544,714
PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 750,000
SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS 820,000
WATER AND SANITATION 800,000
Grand Total 10,153,872
The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 20 October 2009. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).
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ANNEX II. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ACHR Asian Coalition on Housing Rights
CBO community-based organization CERF Central Emergency Response Fund CFS child-friendly spaces CfW cash-for-work CSO civil society organizations
DDMO District Disaster Management Office
ER early recovery
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FLAs field-level agreements FTS Financial Tracking Service
GAM global acute malnutrition
HU Health Unlimited
I/NGO international or national non-governmental organization IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee IEC information, education and communication IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Lao PDR Lao People’s Democratic Republic LoAs Letters of Agreement LRC Lao Red Cross LWU Lao Women’s Union
MAF Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry MISP minimum initial service package MLSW Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare MNP micro-nutrient powder MoD Ministry of Defence MoE Ministry of Education MoFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs MoH Ministry of Health MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment MPWT Ministry of Public Works and Transport MRC Mekong River Commission MT metric ton
NCLE National Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology NDMC National Disaster Management Committee NDMO National Disaster Management Office NFI non-food item NGO non-governmental organization NIP national implementing partner NNS/NPAN National Nutrition Survey/National Plan of Action for Nutrition NYHQ New York Headquarters
OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ORS oral rehydration salts
PDMO Provincial Disaster Management Office PDR People’s Democratic Republic pppd (Food) per person per day
RH reproductive health
SAM severe acute malnutrition SC-Australia Save the Children Australia STD sexually transmitted diseases
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UNCT United Nations Country Team UNDAC United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination UNDMT United Nations Disaster Management Team UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNFPA United National Population Fund UN-HABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNRCO United Nations Resident Coordinator’s Office UXO Lao Lao Government’s National Unexploded Ordnance Programme UXO unexploded ordnance
VAC vitamin A capsule VDMC Village Disaster Management Committee VEC Village Education Committee VFI Village Focus International
WASH water, sanitation and hygiene WB World Bank WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization WREA Water Resources and Environment Administration WV World Vision WVI World Vision International
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Consolidated Appeal Process (CAP)
The CAP is a tool for aid organizations to jointly plan, coordinate, implement and monitor their response to disasters and emergencies, and to appeal for funds together instead of competitively.
It is the forum for developing a strategic approach to humanitarian action, focusing on close cooperation between host governments, donors, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, International Organization for Migration (IOM), and United Nations agencies. As such, it presents a snapshot of the situation and response plans, and is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of:
• Strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); • Resource mobilization leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal; • Coordinated programme implementation; • Joint monitoring and evaluation; • Revision, if necessary; • Reporting on results.
The CHAP is the core of the CAP – a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region, including the following elements:
• A common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place; • An assessment of needs; • Best, worst, and most likely scenarios; • A clear statement of longer-term objectives and goals; • Prioritised response plans, including a detailed mapping of projects to cover all needs; • A framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary.
The CHAP is the core of a Consolidated Appeal or, when crises break out or natural disasters strike, a Flash Appeal. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, and in consultation with host Governments and donors, the CHAP is developed at the field level by the Humanitarian Country Team. This team includes IASC members and standing invitees (UN agencies, the International Organization for Migration, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and NGOs that belong to ICVA, Interaction, or SCHR), but non-IASC members, such as national NGOs, can also be included.
The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally near the end of each year to enhance advocacy and resource mobilization. An update, known as the Mid-Year Review, is presented to donors the following July.
Donors generally fund appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals listed in appeals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of appeal funding needs and worldwide donor contributions, and can be found on www.reliefweb.int/fts.
In sum, the CAP is how aid agencies join forces to provide people in need the best available protection and assistance, on time.
OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA)
UNITED NATIONS PALAIS DES NATIONS NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 1211 GENEVA 10 USA SWITZERLAND