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Special , 1980 Special Libraries, 1980s

12-1-1980

Special Libraries, December 1980

Special Libraries Association

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AQUACULTURE NONFERROUS METALS AQUALINE ABSTRACTS BHRA FLUID ENGINEERING POPULATION BIBLIOGRAPHY CHEMSEARCH TM STANDARD & POORS' CHEMSISTM CUMULATIVE NEWS CIS STANDARD & POORS' CURRENT CLAIMSTM/UNITERM NEWS ENCYLOPEDIA OF SURFACE COATINGS ABSTRACTS ASSOCIATIONS TRADE OPPORTUNITIES GRANTS TRADE OPPORTUNITIES WEEKLY INPADOC TRlS IRL LIFE SCIENCES TSCA INITIAL INVENTORY LEGAL RESOURCE U.S. EXPORTS INDEX U.S. PUBLIC SCHOOL NlMH DIRECTORY For more information, write Lockheed Information Systems, Dept. 52-80 SL,3460 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304. In the U.S., call (800) 227-1960. In California, (800) 982-5838. Stop by the DIALOG booth to discuss this new money-saver. Lockheed Dialog New from Noyes Up-To-Date References For Your Specialized Needs

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METAL AND INORGANIC WASTE RECLAIMING ENCYCLOPEDIA; edited by Marshall Sittig: This book describes processes for reclaiming metal and inorganic wastes arranged in encyclopedic form. It contains approximately 325 recent processes for metal and inorganic waste recycling and recovery, ISBN 0-8155-0823-9; $54.

FUELS FROM BIOMASS-Technology and Feasibility; edited by J.S. Robinson: Empha- sizes commercially proven processes as well as current research to convert bio- mass to fuels. Information relating to sources of biomass is also included. ISBN 0-81 55-0824-7; $48.

DESIGN OF SEWAGE SLUDGE INCINERATION SYSTEMS; by Calvin Brunner: Detailed design information for sludge incineration systems; an important concept due to the need to destroy these waste materials. ISBN 0-8155-0825-5; $48.

SUSTAINED RELEASE MEDICATIONS; edited by J.C. Johnson: Over 200 processes re- lating to new drug delivery systems involving ocular, intrauterine, transdermal and oral administrations are covered. ISBN 0-8155-0826-3; $54.

REFRACTORY MATERIALS-Developments Since 1977; edited by J.I. Duffy: Describes numerous processes for developing new, and improving traditional, refractory materials. Includes new refractory fibers, reinforced composites, and new ceramic materials. ISBN 0-8155-0827-1; $42.

SOLVENTLESS AND HIGH SOLIDS INDUSTRIAL FINISHES-Recent Developments; edited by M.T. Gillies: Describes numerous processes for industrial finishes that are environmentally safe due to the absence of, or low level of, solvents. ISBN 0-81 55-0828-X; $48.

WASTEWATER REUSE AND RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY; by Gordon Culp, George Wesner and Robert Williams: Describes and evaluates the technology for water reuse and recycling; as well as the magnitude of the potential for reclaiming indus- trial, agricultural, and municipal wastewaters. ISBN 0-8155-0829-8; $48.

COAL INFORMATION SOURCES AND DATA BASES; by Carolyn C. Bloch: A directory of federal, state, and international agencies, departments, and other information sources that provide information regarding coal. ISBN 0-8155-0830-1; $24.

HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS DATA BOOK; edited by G. Weiss: Describes considerable in- formation on about 1,350 hazardous chemicals, with substantial information so that instant decisions can be made in emergency situations. ISBN 0-8155-0831-X; $64. NOYES NOYES DATA CORPORATION ndc NOYES MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS 118 Mill Road, Park Aidge, NJ 07656

?A special libraries -special librariesB- DECEMBER1980 VOLUME71, NUMBER12 ISSN 0038-6723 SPLBAN

7A Letters

509 The Environment for Special Libraries in the 1980s Miriam A. Drake

519 Comparing the Bibliographic Utilities for Special Libraries James K. Webster and Carolyn L. Warden

"Now That I'm in Charge, What Do I Do?" John Kok

Preventative Conservation for Map Collections Betty Kidd

539 Commentary on Improving the Image of the Special James H. Schwartz

SLA News

Cover photograph: testing for acidity. Courtesy of National SLA 1980 Salary Survey , Public of Canada, Ottawa. Cana- Members in the News da. Chapters and Divisions

Editor: NANCYM. VIGGIANO Assistant Editor: DORISYOUDELMAN Vistas Aduerti~ingSales: DOROTHYE. SMITH Circufation: FREDERICKBAUM Networking Notes Have You Heard? Pubs Special Libraries is published by Special Libraries Association, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10003 (2121477-9250). Monthly except double issue MayIJune. Annual index in December issue. Placement O Copyright 1980 by Special Libraries Association. lndex to Advertisers Material protected by this copyright may be photo- copied for the noncommercial purpose of scholar- ship or research. Second class postage paid at New York, N.Y., and at additional offices. Annual lndex december 1980 3A / CHARLES The Zoology of thevoyage' DARWIN / of H.M.S. Beagle- A Three Volume Facsimile Reprint in an Edition Limited to 750 Copies The rarest of Charles Darwin's works made available again for the first time. With this handsome reprint your research collection can now be complete. The three volumes contain 1096 pages with the original fine colour and BIW plates faithfully reproduced. Bound in genuine leather and linen.

Subscription Rates: Nonmembers, USA $26.00 per Special Libraries Association assumes no responsibil- calendar year; add $3.50 postage for other countries ity for the statements and opinions advanced by the including Canada. $10.00 to members, which is contributors to the Association's publications. included in member dues. Single copies (recent years) Instructions for Contributors appears in Special $3.00 except for October issue (Directory) which is Libraries 71 (no. 12):549-550 (Dec 1980). A publi- $13.00. cations catalog is available from the Association's Back Issues & Hard Cover Reprints (1910-1965): New York offices. Editorial views do not necessarily Inquire Kraus Reprint Carp., 16 East 46th St., New represent the official position of Special Libraries York, N.Y. Microfilm & Microfiche Editions (1910 Association. Acceptance of an advertisement does not to date): Inquire University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, imply endorsement of the product by Special Michigan. Microforms of the current year are avail- Libraries Association. able only to current subscribers to the original. Changes of Address: Allow six weeks for all changes Indexed in: Book Review Index. Business Periodicals to become effective. All communications should Index, In/ormation Science Abstracts, Historica/ include both old and new addresses (with ZIP Codes) Abstracts, Hospital Literature Index, Library Litera- and should be accompanied by a mailing label from a ture. Library & Abstracts. recent issue. Management Index. Public Affairs Information Service and Science Citation Index. Members should send their communications to the SLA Membership Department, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10003. Nonmember Subscribers should send their communi- cations to the SLA Circulation Department, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10003. Membership Claims for missing issues will not be allowed if received more than 90 days from date of mailing plus the time normally required for postal delivery of the DUES.Member or Associate Member $40; issue and the claim. No claims are allowed because of $8; failure to notify the Membership Department or the Student Member Retired Member Circulation Department (see above) of a change of $1 0; Sustaining Member $200; Sponsor address, or because copy is "missing from files." $500; Patron $1,000.

4A special libraries high-density mobile storage 8 filing systems. How Lauringer Library stores

Has Georgetown University discovered the fourth dimension? No. They simply stored the 150,000-volume Woodstock Theological Collection in a Spacesaver System-with room for another 36,000 volumes to come.. .all in only 8600 sq. feet of space.

Spacesaver can put your library books, stacks, shelves-anything you want to store-on heavy-duty mobile systems that condense your materials into the space now occupied by non-productive aisles. You open up an aisle only when you need it,only where you need it. Large or small, there's a Spacesaver System to solve your library storage problem. Best of all, with the cost of floor space today, Spacesaver doesn't cost money- to your problem-whether you want to Send me more information on Spacesavef Systems. double your storage capacity or just Please send me ywr Georpetmn Univenky squeeze what you haveinto half thearea Case Study details. SLA 12/80 Send the coupon for a free copy of our brochure, "THE GREAT AMERICAN SPACE GAME AND HOW TO BEAT Name IT:' Or phone collect to Customer Services for the name of your nearest Spacesaver Space Engineer. Organrat~on The Spacesaver Glmp. Address Space efficiency is our business. Clty State 210 Spacesaver Corporation Telephone 1450 Janesvllle Avenue Ft Atklnson, W153538 ------. Telephone (414) 563-6362 NEW TITLES FROM MLA

INTRODUCTION TO REFERENCE SOURCES IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES by Fred W. Roper and Jo Anne Boorkman This book presents the variety and range of bibliographic and information sources basic to reference work in the health sciences. It highlights selected works frequently used by reference , with particular emphasis on United States publications. While it is written with the library school student in mind, librarians and health sciences library users will find it to be a valuable guide to the literature of the health sciences. Bibliographic and informational sources are reviewed, with examples of the most important tools in each area. Use of these tools in answering reference questions is emphasized and additional readings are included. 256 pages, hardcover, price $18.00 + $1.00 for postage and handling, orders from individuals must be prepaid.

DIRECTORY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARIES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1979 Compiled and edited by Alan M. Rees and Susan Crawford, with the assistance of Margaret Henning This Directory is the most comprehensive and current guide to health sciences libraries in America, and is an indispensable tool for librarians, administrators, and health care planners. It lists 2,775 health sciences libraries, with pertinent data on user populations served, resources, staff, and access to online data bases. This data forms the essential building blocks for network developers The 1979Directory isa product of the third survey of more than 13,000 health- related organizations, including medical schools, hospitals, medical societies, allied health programs, health maintenance organizations, health systems agencies, as well as governmental and industrial organizations. This survey is part of the continuing data collection and analysis program sponsored by the Association in 1956, and conducted by the American Medical Association and Case Western Reserve University, with fund- ing from the of Medicine. 356 pages, softcover, $25.00 + $1.00 for postage and handling, orders from individuals must be prepaid.

FORTHCOMING TITLE

MEDICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY IN AN AGE OF DISCONTINUITY by Scott Adams This work presents a social history of medical bibliography from World War II to the present. It outlines the course of medical bibliography in relation to the political, social, scientific and technological changes in the U. S. which have in- fluenced its directions. Focusing on the information requirements of biomedical research, it emphasizes serial bibliography, or access services such as indexes and abstracts, which have reflected the impact of information processing technology. Publication date: March 1981.

Medical Library Association, 919 N. Michban Ave., Ste. 3208, Chicago, 1L GCXil1

6A special libraries LETTERS Just a note to tell you how much I like the SpeciaList. The brevity is one of the best things the SpeciaList has going for it. You can zip through the whole thing right away-I Minor Misstatement tend to put multi-page newsletters on my Dr. Rush and I were pleased to see the "to read stack and there they sit for weeks. favorable review of Guide to Information Science [SL 71(no. 8): 371 (Aug 1980)l. Elin B. Christianson 141 With respect to the "minor misstatement" Beverly Blvd. 46342 caught by your eagle-eyed reviewer, we Hobart, Ind. would like to note that it has been corrected in the new paperback edition of this work which is now available from Greenwood Press. Charles H. Davis I just received my initial issue of the Graduate School of SpeciaList in the mail and wanted to let you University of Illinois at know that I think this is a very informative Urbana-Champaign and worthwhile endeavor. I had picked up copies of this publication at the various SLA Conferences and am glad to see that it will Wrong Address be mailed to the membership on a monthly We have received quite a few interlibrary basis. Keep up the good work of keeping us loan requests from business, industrial, and informed. other special libraries addressed to one of our branch libraries rather than to the ILL Theresa Hammond office in the main library. I have traced the The Daily Press, Inc. source of the incorrect address to the new Newport News, Va. 23607 CASSI cumulative. Through some error, the Physics Library address has been listed for the University of Michigan. Requests mailed to this address will be delayed several days in processing. Interlibrary loan or photocopy requests The first issue of the SpeciaList has should be addressed to: arrived-Hurrah! It is going to fill the bill Interlibrary Loan and get news instead of history to members. Harlan Hatcher Graduate Library University of Michigan Lucille Gordon Ann Arbor, MI 48109 Library Marketing McGraw-Hill Book Company Jim Cruse New York, N.Y. Interlibrary Loan Harlan Hatcher Graduate Library University of Michigan

Feedback on the SpeciaList I just wanted you to know that I think the Editor's Note: After taking its first tottering SpeciaLst is a great addition to SLA publica- steps, our new publication, the SpeciaList, is tions. The topics in the August and Septem- gathering momentum. Comments and sug- ber issues have been timely, of professional gestions are invited on how the newsletter interest to me, and they have been my only can best serve our readers' information source of the information. So, many thanks needs. Beginning with the November issue, for a job well done! the SpeciaList will be mailed on the 25th of each month preceding the month of issue. If Stephanie R. Morrell you have not received your copy within two Information Center weeks of that date, please let us know. American Express Company New York, N.Y. 10004 december 1980 For essential new data in electrotechnology, look to the source.

49 IEEE periodicals

Fi~rthe disserninat~onof riew informat~l~n pufreni ~inolv\rs occonr~eqrriccring To obtain a copy of our IEEE 1981 In electrotechnology, thls is the most am- c?.herr?rlm Perlodlcals Catalog. cdll J.D. Elroderick ,it hitlous and prestigious progrdm of its As ~nlorniat~onexpands. new puhl~ca- IEEE ("I-Tr~ple-E")headquarters (212) kind tlons comr into he~nsThus. in the past 644-7876. Or mail the coupon helow Under the sponsorship of 11s 32 technl- two years we ~ntroducedTn~nsocliom (~n ral Societies and Councils, the lEEE pub Porrern Anol~srsnndMochir~r Intrllrgencc. l~shesperiodicalsci~ver~nsevery aspect of C~rcuil\and.S?.>ren~.s ,Mu~a=rne. Elrctron lEEE Actlvltles, Attn Ller'ire Lerlers arid Tert~nicalActr~~itres electrical/electronics scwnce and en- Broderlck' 345 East47th Street' New Gi~ideAnd in 19X1 --CompoterGrophlcs glneering Io0l7 ~ind.4pp/rcotio11.s,MICRO, Conlrol.S~,Wrns In~rinted and microfiche editions. ,Mogu;rne, andPou~erEng~iieerrni:Rewru' please send me copy(1esi These are the h~ghlyc~ted, h~gh-in~pa~t O'er 14,000 llbrarirs throughout the of your IEEE 1981 Perod~cals periodicals ~ntheirdisclplines, featuring world suhscrihe to meor more of these Catalog F20-10 80 P I,rlginalresearch, design and applications 49 periodicals, including our broad-scope papers that are allowed to be published magaz~r~es.Proceedrngsoflhe IEEf: and mlv after strineent rev~ewAil are ava~l- lEEES~prtruifl able in both pr'Tnted and space-saving Over 1.000 corporate, uriivers~tyand microl~checd~t~ons. grwernment lihrar~es-In SX countries A? a material example of the ~nforma- -suhscr~he to every ur~eof the 3i IEEE twn explosion In electrotechnology. our Sr~c~ety/Counril~'rirnwrrlonr. Jollrno/s. IEEE period~calscontamed a total of and .+1qi12!n1~.5 37.000 pages last year. ari mcreasr of i.000 Send for free catalog. pages over the prevlous year. Electron~csappllcatlons toddy Impact vir- tually every industry - cherri~cals. tex- New needs: new publications. t~les plast~cs .transportatlor1 bar~kmg Electr~caland electronics appllcat~onsare medlclne If your library serves en- now so pervasive that there are lEEE glneers or scientists ~nvolvedir~ adaptmg periodicals sperializ~ngIn fields of ~nter- rlectr~cal/electron~csengineering knowl- est that mightsurprise you brornedrcinr edge to problem-solv~ng,then you should Serv~ng200.000 members and geosoence nuclrar and plasma science hrrome famil~arw~th the full extent of 14 000 lhbrarles worldw~de IEEE's rrsources. They are Immense IEEE. The world's leading source of new information in electrical and electronics science and engineering.

special libraries Gaylord's newest and best. Our 1981-82 catalog.

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10A special libraries Marquis Who's Who, publishers of WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA since 1898, presents

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More than 20,500 men and women of international in- terest are profiled in the 5th Edition of WHO'S WHO IN THE WORLD, including more than 13,000 chosen to appear for the first time. WHO'S WHO IN THE WORLD presents authoritative biographical information on leaders of every field of human endeavor, including:

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The Computer Literature lndex IS the bibllographlc service for computer users, consultants, students, equipment manufacturers, and software suppliers. The Computer Literature lndex covers over 100 periodicals and books and special reports, classifying them into over 300 quick reference subject categories. A quick subject locator and 'relate subject' pointers speed all research actlvltles. The Computer Literature lndex is published quarterly In April, July, October and January with each issue covering the preceeding three months. All periodicals available the last day of thequarter are included in that Issue. The ComputerLiteraturelndex highlights artlcles and books that are important contributions totheir field. It also provides an author rndex as a second means of locating articles. The Index was formerly called the Quarterly Bibliography of Computers and Data Processing. Annual Cumulations are available from 1 968.

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lnformatlon Access is the publisher of The Natlonal Newspaper Index. The Magazlne Index. The Business m Index, NEWSEARCH: The Daily Online Index, The Legal Resource lndex and The Current Law lndex december 1980 24A special libraries Specialists ' Forum

The Environment for Special Libraries in the 1980s

Miriam A. Drake

Purdue University Libraries1Audio-visual Center, Lafayette, Ind. 47907

Events and developments occurring now and in the 1980s will have substarrtial impact on libraries and their operations. Effective planning depends on knowledge of likely events and trends and on the integration of these factors into the future operations of the library. The signifi- cant demographic, political, social, economic, and techno- iogical trends affecting libraries are reviewed. While the likely effects of these changes are suggested, they do not apply uniformly to all libraries. Librarians must select the factors significant to their library and plan within its specific environment.

PECIAL LIBRARIES, especially social environment increases and intep- those in the corporate sector, have sifies, the librarians' need for data on Soperated in an environment char- pertinent trends and likely develop- acterized by change and uncertainty. ments inside and outside the parent The special librarians' goal ofproviding institution increases. substantive and timely information in a Librarians need to look outside the cost effective manner has provided the library far the significant factors affect- incentive to both librarians and man- ing library operations now and in the agement to adopt technological and future. The survival of libraries is managerial innovations. heavily dependent on librarians' ability Special librarians are acutely aware of to learn about environmental factors, the need for planning library opera- integrate these factors into planning tions and services. Knowledge of the processes, make adjustments in service environment in which the library oper- to accommodate the needs of changing ates is critical to the provision ofservice clientele, and adopt appropriate tech- responsive to client needs. As the nologies. complexity of the immediate organiza- The following review of the demo- tional environment and the larger graphic, political, social, economic, and deccmher lY8O Copyright o 1980 Speci.il Llbrar~esAssocdvm 509 technological trends affecting libraries people will reduce the ratio of workers is not intended to suggest that the to nonworkers. The financial burden is impact of these developments and likely to be reduced by elminating changes will be uniform among li- mandatory retirement. At the same braries. While likely changes are sug- time, fewer young people will enter the gested, they do not apply to all labor force. The users of special libraries. Each will view the libraries will be older and more experi- trends described differently. Reactions enced than current users. As people and specific ideas for change will age, their attitudes toward new infor- depend on the individual library, its mation and risk change. Many older clientele, and institutional setting. people rely more heavily on their expe- rience rather than seek new informa- Demographics tion. The special librarian in industry -- will be affected by the attitudes of an The rate of growth of the U.S. popu- older clientele. Public librarians also lation in the 1980s and 1990s will be will be affected by an aging population substantially less than in earlier years. and, in many communities, the focus of The U.S. Bureau of the Census has fore- service will change from the relatively cast that the population will reach 260 young to a large group of older people. million by the year 2000. This lower growth rate is due largely to a decrease The Economy in the number of births. In the 1960s over 4 million births per year were Economic forecasting has become an recorded. This number declined to increasingly risky business, especially approximately 3.3 million by the late in an election year. The forecasts 1970s. The number of births is expected presented here are general and are to rise to 4 million by 1990 and then based on population trends and the decline (1). following assumptions: 1) slow declines The lower number of births accom- in inflation and unemployment; 2) panied by increases in longevity will lower income and property tax rates; 3) result in a so-called "graying of Ameri- a lower rate of expansion in the labor ca." The median age of the population force; and 4) no major war. Libraries in 1978 was 28.8 years. It is expected to have been affected more severely by rise to 35.5 years in 2000. (1) inflation than most other sectors of the These population trends will be economy. Prices paid by libraries for reflected in a variety of ways ranging materials, labor, supplies, and services from smaller school enrollments to a have more than doubled since 1973. substantially greater need for social Under the best circumstances, inflation welfare and health programs for the is likely to continue at a double digit elderly. School enrollment in grades rate in the next few years. The energy K-12 in 1970 was 51.3 million. This problem, strong consumer demand, enrollment will decline by 11.9%to 45.2 declining rates of savings by consum- million in 1986. Enrollment in 4-year ers, and projected increases in the institutions of higher education is defense budget will exacerbate the expected to peak at 7.4 million in 1980 upward pressure on prices for most and decline 6.8% to 6.9 million in 1986 goods and services. (2). The number of persons graduating The decline in consumer savings and from high school is expected to decline reduction in real corporate profits in from 2.8 million in 1978 to 2.1 million some industries have created a crisis in in 1990 (3). capital investment which is likely to Rapid changes in the composition of continue. the population will be reflected in Consumer savings as a percentage of many aspects of work and social life. disposable personal income has de- The increasing proportion of elderly clined from 7.4% in 1970 to 3.7% in the special libraries first quartez of 1980 (4, 6, p. 9). Between 1976 and 1980, consumer installment debt rose 66% while disposable per- sonal income rose 46.8% (5, 6). Credit controls instituted by the Federal Reserve system have resulted in in- creased debt repayment. It is not clear whether the trend in consumer savings will be reversed in the near future. Lower interest rates are likely to produce capital investment in some industries; however, declining profits in the auto and related industries will WALLPAPER PRlNTlNC MACHINE have a negative effect on total capital investment. The lack of capital investment and actual and expected declines in busi- plant modernization coupled with the ness travel. The cost of transportation growth of social welfare programs have and the availability of relatively inex- contributed significantly to the decreas- pensive telecommunications likely will ing productivity of the American work- result in more workers working at er. The reluctance of workers to accept home for some part of the work week low status and risky or dirty jobs has and an increase in teleconferencing. increased the use of automation and Other industries expected to grow in the future include health care and The lack of capital investment related industries that provide goods and services to an older population. The and plant modernization cou- emphasis on youth in fashion, food, pled with the growth of social and recreation may decline as the popu- welfare programs have contrib- lation ages. uted . . . to the decreasing pro- The impact of these changes will be significant and different for each kind ductivity of the American of library. The health of the corporate worker. library is closely tied to profits and research and development activities. robots in industry. According to a Jackson's research on the Fortune 500 recent article in Buslncss Wcek, "New companies indicated that firms with technology is making it possible to libraries spend 5 times as much on R&D replace increasingly skilled workers. than firms without libraries (8). Mata- The latest computer-controlled robots razzo's conclusions, based on case stud- are considerably more versatile than ies on the closing of corporate libraries, their simple-minded predecessors of indicated "There is substantial evi- just two years ago" (1). Robots could dence to support the view that library help to increase productivity in the service was established and maintained years ahead; however, the amount or at these companies to support research rate of increase will depend, in part, on or product development activities of the willingness of labor unions to the companies and that when these substitute robots for people. specific activities were reduced, library The effect of rising energy costs on service was not perceived as being the cost of transporation of people and important as it once had been" (9). In goods has given strong impetus to the addition, Matarazzo found that libraries growth of the telecommunications and had little "first hand" knowledge of computer industries. Early in 1980 impending financial crises. This find- major airlines announced cut backs in ing suggests that librarians should flights and worker layoffs due to the become thoroughly familiar with com- decenther 1980 pany and institutional finances. Declin- lenged. The first is that government can ing revenue or profits and/or reduced do some jobs more efficiently because it R&D spending may be signals that does not have to make a profit. Experi- library expenditures will be reduced or ence with AMTRAK and CONRAIL is that the library will be closed. clear evidence that government cannot Public, school, and academic libraries do the job more effectively or more will be adversely affected by enroll- efficiently. The second assumption is ment declines and cut backs in-state and that politicians and government bu- local government spending. The U.S. reaucrats always act in the public inter- Bureau of Labor Statistics has projected est. Reading of a daily newspaper will that all government (federal, state, and shatter that assumption. local) expenditures will decline to A more conservative view of govern- 15.5%of the GNP in 1990 from 20.2% of ment is reflected in attempts to limit the GNP in 1979. Reduced school both taxing and spending at all levels of enrollments will result in declines in government. Proposition 13 was not spending for education at a projected limited to the state of California. Most annual rate of .7% for the decade of the states have passed legislation or are 1980s (10). reviewing proposed legislation to limit Projections by the National Center tiixes and/or spending. There is a popu- for Educational Statistics indicate a lar belief that government's share of the peak in student-related expenditures by pie is too big and people's disposable institutions of higher education in income is too small. The failure of 1984. Research expenditures are ex- "Jaws 2" (Proposition 9) does not signal pected to peak earlier (10). a turnabout in taxpayer thinking. Taxpayers are willing to pay for essen- Social and Political Trends tial services such as police and fire protection. The political idealism of the early Accompanying the trend to lower 1960s has evolved into a more conserva- taxes is a greater willingness to impose tive view of the role of government user fees on services previously funded reflected in taxpayer attitudes toward exclusively from tax revenues. The public expenditures and deregulation International City Management Asso- of industry, as well as by a post-~ater- ciation's Committee on Future Hori- gate distrust of government officials. zons indicated that "the era of massive The first major deregulation activity growth in the public sector is over." was in the airline industry. This dereg- ulation legislation has changed the patterns ofairline service and drovided The application of current com- for the demise of the Civil Aeronautics puter and telecommunications Board in the 1980s. Deregulation also is technologies could make many taking place in the trucking and tele- public and academic libraries communications industries. A contrary trend, however, is taking place in the obsolete before the end of the growth of OSHA, enforcement of equal century. employment opportunity and affirma- tive action programs, and increased More cities will charge fees for more regulation by the Environmental Pro- services. "The charge for service should tection Agency and the Department of be high enough so that it is used Energy. Regulatory activity by these primarily by the people who need it programs and agencies add substan- and who are willing to pay the price" tially to corporate and institutional (11). overhead. Experience in the last 15 years has Two assumptions which were part of revealed that social problems cannot be the 1960s idealism are being chal- solved solely by government spending. speciul libraries This competition and pressure could result in greater demands on the librarv. Political, economic, and social trends also will affect corporate management and corporate libraries. David Rocke- feller has pointed out that the CEO of the future will have "a decidedly more global perspective," be more strategic, more "broadly gauged" and more outwardly directed (15). Top managers will need to spend more-time with stockholders and legislators and be more sensitive to public opinion. A recent article presenting the views of Levy has pointed out that the relief of current chief executive officers indi- economic distress and poverty in the cates concurrence with Rockefeller's United States has resulted from growth view: "The chief executive officer of the of real income per capita, not from the future will work with an increasing redistribution of income through gov- proportion of outside directors, spend ernment (12). This conclusion suggests more time on 'outside' societal affairs, that for society as a whole, a greater and concern himself-or herself-with reduction in economic distress and broader and longer range objectives. social problems may be achieved by Willingness and ability to communicate subsidizing individuals and dismant- with and relate to others will distin- ling the myriad of government welfare guish the CEO of the 1980's from many programs set up in the 1960s. of his predecessors" (16). CEO demand Another indication of a conservative for library and information services trend that is significant for libraries is could alter the character of libraries in the results of a Gallup Poll on social large corporations. Librarians will need change taken in June 1978. The poll to provide more general material for indicated that people of all age groups top management to support broader and backgrounds would welcome more interests and constituencies. respect for authority and more empha- sis on family ties (13). People's views Technology in the 80s about education also may be changing. -- Gallup has pointed out that education Technology will be based heavily on may be losing some of its appeal developments in computers and tele- because a skilled worker who did not communications. The three areas of finish high school can earn as much importance to libraries are home/office money as a college graduate (14). The computers, videotex, and electronic idea that every American child should publishing. go to college is fading. The application of current computer The impact of declining enrollments and telecommunications technologies will affect budgets and more signifi- could make many public and academic cantly the internal environments of libraries obsolete before the end of the universities. The competition among century. Within a very short time, it faculty for promotion and tenure will will be possible for consumers to access be far greater than it is now. Fewer a variety of information sources faculty will be tenured, especially in through videotex, computers, or com- areas where supply already exceeds puter terminals in their homes or demand. The pressure on faculty in offices. Developments in microelec- large universities to bring in more tronics and fiber optics are bringing research dollars will be intensified. about drastic reductions in the costs of computing and telecommunications ly, people will need to know how to while enhancing their capabilities for read, follow instructions, and compute the delivery of information where and (19). when it is needed. Poppel has predicted The day is rapidly approaching when that by the mid-1980s most American information seekers will not need to families will own or lease some sort of use the library. People accessing biblio- home information center (17). graphic data will need document The technology now exists for people delivery services but may choose a to access dictionaries, encyclopedias, source other than the library. When the and fact banks online. Electronic news- cost of going to the library is added to papers and magazines as well as refer- the value of the user's time in travel ence material will be available in the and finding the needed material, the home or office via videotex, which cost of document delivery service via utilizes an adapted television set or electronics or the paperback bookstore computer terminal. In July 1980, Com- is likely to be less than the cost of using pu-Serve of Columbus, Ohio an- the library.

When the cost of going to the library is added to the value of the user's time in travel and finding the needed material, the cost of document delivery service via electronics or the paperback book- store is likely to be less than the cost of using the library. nounced to its 225 subscribers in the "Technology has already evolved to a Columbus area the availability of point where access to most of the sections of the Columbus Dispatch online world's literature can be obtained (17). During the summer of 1980, within a couple of days through a Knight Ridder newspapers will begin a combination of the on-line biblio- six-month test of its Viewdata system. graphic search utilities and vendor- Subscribers will be able to access online supplied computerized order fulfill- the Miami Herald, Dow Jones news ment systems for books, documents and service, New York Times, and selected periodical articles" (20). articles from magazines, such as Con- Information and document delivery sumer Reports (is). An example of to the home or office is being devel- videotex is the OCLC/Bank One ven- oped largely in the private sector ture which brings electronic funds outside the institutional framework of transfer as well a; games, library cata- the library. Small and large companies logs, and an encyclopedia to a group of have seen a market for both general and Columbus, Ohio residents. The Source specialized information services. Elec- is an example of a consumer-oriented tronic publishing is likely to be avail- data bank available via terminal and able initially in science, technology, telephone. business and other areas in which the Kenneth Winslow has pointed out need is for current information. Pub- that television will become as special- lishers will supply on demand rather ized as radio in 10 years and will serve than in anticipation of demand. As as a major information supplier uti- authors increase their use of office auto- lizing up to 100 channels. The viewer mation techniques, such as word pro- will be an active participant rather than cessing, the availability of text in a passive recipient of entertainment. machine-readable form will increase. Television will become an interactive Information suppliers and information medium. In order to participate active- consumers will be acquiring the equip- special libraries ment necessary to transmit and receive information in a variety of formats. These developments gradually will ob- viate the need for building collections of documents and journals in libraries. Computers, telecommunications, and energy scarcity likely will result in slow but dramatic changes in the way people work, access information, and acquire information. Technological develop- ments enabling people to work at home, substitute robots for human labor, reduce travel, and acquire in- The special library's contributions to creasing amounts of information could networking and resource sharing were produce a variety of effects on human recognized by the White House Confer- behavior and attitudes. Toffler dis- ence delegates- in a resolution which cussed the effects of rapid change, over- stated, ". . . a comprehensive approach stimulation, and information overload be taken to the planning and develop- in Future Shock (21). In implementing ment of multi-type library and informa- new information systems and new tion networks, including both profit work environments it is easy to lose and not-for-profit libraries from the consideration of the human dimension. public and private sector" (22).Title I of The system designer may see the bene- the proposed National Library and fits to be derived from a new way of Information Services Act specifies in- working or accessing information but terlibrary cooperation and network fail to realize that people adapt slowly support among all types of libraries to new methods. Toffler points out, (23)- "Technocrats suffer from myopia. Their Network functions and special li- instinct is to think about immediate braries participation in networks have returns, immediate consequences" (20, been reviewed and discussed in two p. 458). In our haste to improve library recent conferences.* Epstein summa- service through technological innova- rizes the issue: "On-line networks are tion we must not allow ourselves to vital to the successful operations of become victims of technocratic myopia. libraries. As more services involving Librarians and information scientists the transfer and exchange of informa- must be aware of the pitfalls in rapid tion about librarv material becomes change and keep in mind that the available, on-line networks will become human client must be the beneficiary, an integral part of the library environ- not the victim of change. ment." (24) This integration could be short lived. The need for state and Networks regional library networks may change Cooperation between special li- as more material is made available braries is not a new phenomenon. directly to libraries or information Union lists, and other resource sharing consumers. It is now possible to access a activities have been initiated and variety of information sources with one implemented by special libraries out- terminal and a telephone using commu- side formal network structures. Recent- nications networks such as Telenet. ly, special libraries have joined net- works, such as INCOLSA, Solinet, and OCLC. Experience with the OCLC *Conference on Networks for Networkers, Indi- shared cataloging and interlibrary loan anapolis, Ind., May 30-Jun 1, 1979, and the 1980 subsystems clearly shows that special General Motors Research Laboratories Confer- libraries contribute significantly to re- ence on the Special Library Role in Networks, source sharing. held May 5-6, 1980 in Detroit, Mich. december 1980 These facilities will likely be extended The home market is equally competi- to more libraries, more information tive in both source data and recreation- sources, and more information users. allgeneral information reading. The Libraries will be able to offer a greater amount of printed material distributed variety of information services. During through bookstores and newsstands is the next 20 years, library networks will increasing rapidly. Obtaining informa- facilitate the sharing of existing mate- tion on jogging, house plants, gourmet rial and resources. As information cooking and hundreds of other subjects delivery becomes less library-depen- no longer requires a trip to the library. dent, the need for today's network The reader of novels, mystery stories, or services may diminish. history can satisfy hislher needs quickly and cheaply at the book store Market Trends located in a neighborhood shopping center or through a general or special- At one time, libraries operated in a ized book club or mail order firm. monopoly environment. Now there is Libraries' share of the domestic book competition from database producers market was approximately 8.6% in 1977 and vendors, as well as from companies (27).As library budgets lose purchasing in the document or media delivery power and consumers increase their use business. At the present time, compa- of book clubs, book stores and other nies developing home or office infor- direct suppliers, the library share of the mation and document delivery services book market will decline. Libraries will are in direct com~etitionwith libraries. continue to be major factors in the Except for specialized services aimed at serials market, especially the higher specific groups, such as lawyers and price serials. accountants, the target market for both libraries and private companies is the middle and upper income, college- educated consumer. This market has both the necessary income and motiva- tion to ~rovideviable demand for home information services. It should be noted that libraries are not the primary sources of information for the public. Studies by Gallup, and most recently, Chen, have shown a consistent pattern -- - - of information seeking. In 1975, the Ihe online information market is Gallup survey indicated that 17% of the developing rapidly. Online biblio- adults surveyed use the library to solve graphic databases primarily sold to an information problem (25). Chen libraries will decrease in market share surveyed 2,400 adults in New England as sales of source information directly and found that the library was used for to homes and offices increase. The 17% of the information-seeking situa- home market, comprised of people who tions (26). have home computers or terminals, is in Special libraries will be affected by the early stages of development. As the increased competition among vendors price of microcomputers and terminals of source information and numerical decline, more consumers will purchase databases. These bnline services will them for home use. These systems will replace some reference books, hand- compete with television-based systems, books, and statistical material. As more such as Knight Ridder Viewdata. The firms enter the online market, special consumer will be offered an increasing librarians will have more choice in the variety of information delivery sys- quality, quantity, price, and suitability tems. Families with children-a major of services. library market-will be stimulated to spccinl libraries purchase home information systems derive great personal satisfaction from because their children will be using their work. Their acceptance of chal- microcomputers in school. It has been lenge and their ability to act on oppor- estimated that about 2.8 million chil- tunities for improved service effective- dren in public schools are doing some ness provide the basis for their of their work on computers (28). continued leadership in the evolution The market situation is becoming of library and information services as increasingly competitive and clouded well as increased personal and profes- by the government. For example, if the sional growth. Census Bureau were to offer online services for access to the 1980 census, it Literature Cited would be competing with both libraries and the information industry. Both 1. US.Bureau of the CensuslProjections of libraries and private companies are the Population of the United States: 1977- crying "foul" because they view the 2050. Series P-25, No. 704. Washington, competitive situation as unfair. The D.C., July 1977. information industry claims that it 2. National Center for Educstional Statis- cannot compete on a price basis with ticslProjections of Education Statistics 1986-87. Washington D.C., 1980. services subsidized by taxpayers. Li- 3. Changing Numbers in High School braries claim the information industry Graduating Classes. Chronicle of Higher is invading their sacred territory. The Educaticn:8 (Jan7, 1980). U.S. government sees an obligation to 4. Economic Statistics BureaulHandbook of provide the data to business and Basic Economic Statistics. Washington, consumers collected and analyzed at D.C., 1980. taxpayers' expense. This problem is part 5. U.S. Department of CornmercelSurvey of of the overall issue of public informa- Current Business, December 1978. tion policy. The probability of an early 6. U.S. Department ofCommerce/Survey of solution to the problem is low because Current Business, May 1980. 7. Robots Join the Labor Force. Business the interests of the various parties are in Week: 62 (June9, 1980). conflict. 8. Jackson, Eugene B. and R. L. Jackson1 Characterizing the Industrial Special Conclusion Library Universe. ]ournal of the American Society for Information Science 31: 208 Special librarians are on the thresh- (May 1980). old of the new information age. They 9. Matarazzo, James M. /Closing the Corpo- are in a favorable environment to trans- rate Library: Case Studies on the Decision form the activities of the profession and Making Process. Ph.D dissertation. Uni- libraries. Special librarians' intimate versity ofPittsburgh Graduate School of knowledge of clients' needs will enable Library and Information Science, 1979. p. 126. them to use technology to tailor and 10. Andreassen, Arthurlchanging Patterns personalize information service. of Demand: BLS Projections to 1990. In the past, the corporate environ- Monthly Labor Review 101: 47-55 (Dec ment has been more receptive to 1978). change than academe or local govern- 11. Cities are Being Forced to Change Fiscal ment. Continued awareness of the Policies and Services in the 1980's. Wall corporate or institutional environment Street lournal: 5 (Oct 24, 1979). and knowledge of social, economic and 12. Levy, Michael E./Shedding the 'Free technological trends will help special Lunch' Syndrome: A New Federal librarians prepare and plan for more Budget Policy. Business Economics 15: 84 (Sep 1979). effective information services. My con- 13. Gallup, George H./Americans Indicate tacts with special librarians at confer- Social Changes They Would Desire. The ences and meetings continues to con- Gallup Poll (Jun22, 1978). firm my perception that special librar- 14. Gallup, George H./The First 10 Years: ians value professional growth and Trends and Observations. In A Decade of decemher 1980 Gallup Polls of Attitudes Toward Education: 23. National Library and Information Ser- 1969-1978. Stanley M. Elam, ed. Bloom- vices Act. Congressional Record 126: 57643 ington, Ind., Phi Delta Kappa, Inc., 1978. (Jun20, 1980). p. 3. 24. Epstein, HankINetwork Technology 15. Rockefeller, David/The Chief Executive Today. In Networks for Networkers: Criti- in the Year 2000. Vital Speeches of the Day cal Issues in Cooperatme Library Develop- 46: 162-164 (Jan1, 1980). ment. Barbara E. Markuson and Blanche 16. Pascarelli, Perry/The CEO of the Eight- Woolls, eds. New York, Neal-Schuman, ies. Industry Week: 75 (Jan7, 1980). 1980. p. 135. 17. Poppel, Harvey L./The Information 25. Chief Officer of the State Library Agen- Revolution: Winners and Losers. Har- cies/The Role of Libraries in America. vard Business Review 56: 14 (Jan-Feb Frankfurt, Ky., Kentucky Department of 1978). Library and Archives, 1976. 18. Ris, Cindy/Electronic Newspaper 26. Chen, Ching-Chih, et al./Citizen Infor- Makes Debut; High Cost of Service is mation Seeking Patterns: A New England Key Problem. Wall Street Journal: 10 (July Study. Sponsored by US. Office of 8, 1980). Education, Office of Libraries and 19. Winslow, Kenneth/Speech to Associa- Learning Resources, November 1979. tion of Research Libraries, Salt Lake 27. The Bowker Annual of Library and Book City, Utah, May 15, 1980. Trade Information, 24th ed. New York, 20. Giuliano, Vincent E./A Manifesto for R.R. Bowker, 1979. p. 328. Librarians. Library Journal 104: 1840 (Sep 28. Gallese, Liz R./Computers Find Wider 15,1979). Use in Classrooms as Small Machines 21. Toffler,AlvinlFuture Shock. New York, Help to Lower Costs. Wall Street Jour- Bantam, 1971. nal: 40. (Jun3, 1980). 22. National Commission on Libraries and Information SciencelThe White House Conference on Library and Irzformation Receiz~edfor re vie^^ Jul 28, 1980. Revrsed Services, 1979; Summary. Washington, manuscript accepted for publication Sep 24, D.C., 1980. p. 64. 1980

Miriam A. Drake is assistant director, ~dministrativeServices, Purdue Univer- sity LibrariesIAudio Visual Center, Lafayette, Ind.

special libraries Comparing the Bibliographic Utilities for Special Librarians

James K. Webster

Science and Engineering Library, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y. 14260

Carolyn L. Warden

SLA Networking Committee

HE Special Libraries Association questions which were formulated to (SLA) Networking Committee re- gather information of particular inter- T cently developed and adminis- est to special librarians. The complete tered an interview questionnaire to text of the interviews, together with the representatives of the four major North responses given by the four systems to American online bibliographic utilities: the American Library Association OCLC, Inc., Research Libraries Infor- Checklist for Commercial Processing mation Network (RLIN), University of Services (3), is available as a special Toronto Library Automation Systems publication from SLA (4). (UTLAS),and Washington Library Net- work (WLN). The study was under- Membership taken by the Networking Committee to provide general background for special Special libraries are accepted as mem- librarians who are evaluating or select- bers by OCLC and WLN, although most ing a bibliographic utility. Two other OCLC users belong to a regional recent publications (1,2) have also resource-sharing network, which con- compared these four utilities. tracts for the OCLC services and Representatives of the four systems provides other supporting functions. were interviewed by special librarians The few OCLC users who are not from January to April 1980. Specific members of a network contract directly data for each system, including address, with OCLC. affliation, interviewer and interviewee, WLN only accepts members from the are given in the Appendix. This paper Pacific Northwest (Washington, Ore- presents a summary of each system gon, Alaska, Idaho, Montana). Outside representative's response to the 26 this area, WLN's software package is available for installation by other networks. James K. Webster is Chalrman of the SLA UTLAS accepts special libraries but Networking Committee. Carolyn L. Warden is considers all users to be clients or Special Technical Assistant to the Committee. subscribers instead of members. Special libraries can contract directly with OCLC, RLIN, and WLN allow all UTLAS for services or through a Cana- users to access the bibliographic, cata- dian network. Rochester Institute of loging, and holdings information in the Technology in New York recently full database. UTLAS clients may access became the first U.S. client of UTLAS. other client files only by agreement RLIN restricts full membership to between clients. The privacy of ac- research universities with corporate counting information in the acquisi- ownership in the Research Libraries tions subsystems in RLIN and WLN is Group (RLG). RLIN does grant a protected. In responding to the ques- restricted number of negotiated mem- tion of security, both OCLC and UTLAS berships at the associate or participant placed special emphasis on their level to special libraries whose collec- backup file systems. OCLC has imple- tion fulfills the standard requirements mented controls to prevent unautho- of the RLG. California library users of rized changes to online records. RLIN contract with CLASS (California Library Authority for Systems and Terminals ~ervi~es);all other users contract directly with RLG. A description of each utility's com- The number of special libraries using puter system, software, and operating the services of these four bibliographic system is given in the full report (4). utilities as of spring 1980 breaks down Table 1 shows the terminal makes as follows: OCLC-617, RLIN-72, required by each system for compatibil- UTLAS-150, WLN-1. Each system is ity at high transmissions speeds or currently accepting new users. A list of dedicated line access. However, it the regional and specialized resource- would appear that a standard asynchro- sharing networks which offer the nous terminal can generally be used for services of OCLC, RLIN, and UTLAS is dialup access to the four systems at given in the Appendix of the complete slower speeds for search-only transac- report (4). tions.

Governance Startup Costs and Service Fees Each system provides a mechanism Feasibility studies including sam- for its users to comment on existing pling, functional studies, and time and policies, proposed policy changes, fees, cost estimates for conversion are pro- and so forth. Input from OCLC users is vided by the four systems and are relayed through the staff and directors jointly by the staffs of the of the member network. UTLAS clients system and the investigating institu- are invited to send comments at any tion. OCLC feasibility requests are time and to attend the annual and regional client meetings. RLIN and WLN have established user committees or advisory councils for members to Table 1. Terminal and Telecommuni- discuss their concerns and suggestions. cations Specifications.

Ownership and Security Transmission Utility Terminal Speed Ownership of the total database is retained by OCLC, RLIN, and WLN, Custom (hardwired) with each member institution guaran- synchronous 2400 baud teed access to and use of its own data. (fullface) UTLAS does not claim ownership UTLAS I VUCOM I1 300 baud, rights to the entire database. Each par- full duplex ticipating institution in RLIN and WLN Hazeltine 4800 baud, UTLAS owns its own information. Modular special libraries Table 2. Major Services Provided or Planned

Online Cataloging Acquisitions Circulation ILL Training Subject Utility Support Support Support Support Services Searching OCLC Under No Fall, 1980 Investiga- (thru tion networks) RLlN Yes End of No Yes 1980 UTLAS Yes Partial Yes Yes ( Yes Yes WLN Yes Yes Provides Union cat- Yes Yes software alog sup- for local port now- minicom- message puter switching based cir- planned. culation.

referred to the appropriate regional Startup costs include $6,000 for a Hazel- network. OCLC, UTLAS, and WLN do tine terminal and a modem, and a $200 not charge for cost estimates or samples. installation fee. RLIN charges according to the com- plexity of the services under investiga- Services Available tion. Studies completed for other inves- tigating libraries are generally made Table 2 shows the major service areas available to potential users of the four provided or planned by the four biblio- systems. graphic utilities. OCLC is the only Charges for OCLC services are based system which does not offer online upon the number of transactions with subject searching. Since special librar- no charge for search transactions. Pric- ians often handle nonbook materials ing structures of various resource-shar- such as maps, music scores, manu- ing networks differ according to net- scripts, or recordings, it should be work costs, surcharges, and startup or noted that OCLC and UTLAS provide annual membershiffees. Startup costs complete nonbook cataloging coverage include the $3,700 terminal purchase while RLIN and WLN now offer only and OCLC profiling charges. limited nonbook cataloging coverage. RLIN has one pricing schedule with For a detailed breakdown of services no additional membership charges. offered, the reader is referred to the Startup costs depend on the complexity ALA Checklist tally included with the of the library's profile and include complete project report (4). Many of the purchase of a Zentec terminal for full- customized or specialized products and face or high-speed transmission. services provided by each system are UTLAS has a single pricing structure given in the checklist. based on connect time or products The four bibliographic utilities offer delivered. Clients subscribe to each free consultation or customer assistance service or subsystem individually. An during and after implementation and initial setup charge of $1,100 includes accommodate requests for profile all documentation and three days of changes or use of additional services as training. Terminals are purchased or soon as possible. leased from Bell Canada. Future plans by the systems include Similar to OCLC, WLN charges are internetwork communications (RLIN, based on the use of each service. There WLN), management information sys- are no additional membership fees. tem (RLIN), serials check-in (WLN), december 1980 and a holdings subsystem for multiple and improvements under development copies (WLN). New computers or other or investigation at interview time, it is equipment will allow expanded or advisable to contact the interviewees enhanced services (OCLC, UTLAS). listed in the Appendix for the latest Since each system had new services. .information on &;vices and costs. Appendix. Utility Representatives Interviewed.

OCLC RLlN UTLAS WIN Address OCLC, Inc. Research Li- University of Washington Li- 1125 Kinnear braries lnfor- Toronto Library brary Network Rd., Colum- mation Net- Automation Sys- Washington bus, Ohio work, Encima tems, 130 Saint State Library 432 12 Commons George St., Olympia, Wash- Stanford, Cal. Suite 8003, Tor- ington 98504 94305 onto, Ont. M5S 1A5 Affiliation Private coop- Research Li- University of State of Wash- eratively braries Group, Toronto ington owned 50 1c3 Inc. Corporation Status Non-profit Non-profit Non-Profit Date founded 1967 1975 1973 1972 Interviewer Susan L. Dian Gillmar Nancy Musgrove Judy Orlando Miller, Ohio Metropolitan Ontario Ministry Weyerhaeuser St. Univ. Li- Transporta- of Energy, Tor- Company, Tech- brary Colum- tion Commis- onto, Ont., Can- nical Information bus, Ohio sion, Berke- ada Center, Tacoma, ley, Cal. Washington lnterviewee James Tina Kass Dale Biteen Bruce Ziegman Barrentine, Director for Client Repre- Acquisitions Dir. for Tech- Library Sys- sentative Service Librarian nical Planning tems 416-978-7 17 1 206-754-2358 6 14-486-3661 & Services and Mary 415-497-9348 Ellen Jacob and Jan Director for Thompson User Services Director of Shared Re- sources Pro- gram

Literature Cited 4. Webster, J.K.1 The Bibliographic Utilities: A -- - - p~ Guide for the Special Librarian. New York, 1. Matthews, J.R.1 The Four Online Biblio- Special Libraries Association, 1980.32 p. graphic Utilities: A Comparison. Library Technology Reports 15(6):665-838 (Nov- Dec 1979). 2. Understanding the Utilities: A Special James Webster is director, Science Current-Awareness Presentation. Ameri- K. can Libraries 11(5):262-279 (May 1980). and Engineering Library, SUNY/Buffalo, 3. ALA Checklist for Commercial Process- New York. Carolyn L. Warden is special ing Services. Library Resources and Techni- technical assistant, SLA Networking cal Services 23(2):178-182 (Spring 1979). Committee. special libraries "Now That I'm in Charge, What Do I Do?" Six Rules about Running a Special Library for the New Library Manager John Kok Information Center, Foote, Cone & Belding, Chicago, 111. 6061 1

Much attention is given to the technical skills that are needed when working in a company library. But the knowl- edge and attitudes that are necessary for managing one, especially during the current information age, are less frequently examined. Six basic principles the librarian should keep in mind when managing a company library are discussed.

ECENTLY a young woman who liarly difficult situation. They know a had just been made the head of lot about the processes of librarianship R the of a large such as selection, cataloging, reference, law firm asked for advice on how to and online searching. In fact, their tech- manage a special library. "When [ nical know-how is frequently why they applied for the job, I felt I was fully were made managers in the first place. qualified," she said. "I had seven years But they know relatively little about of experience working in law libraries, how to manage these processes within during which time I also picked up a the larger context of the library's parent master's degree in library science. But organization. This requires a com- now that I'm actually in charge, I feel pletely different set of skills-skills like I don't quite know what to do. I which are usually not taught in the didn't realize that managing a library library schools and which are almost would be so different from working in impossible to pick up from pre-manage- one." ment work experience. Except that she is more candid than There are a large number of skills most, her complaint is not all that that can be classified as management uncommon. It is frequently voiced by skills: communications, finance, plan- librarians who are new to the responsi- ning, problem solving, decision mak- bilities of managing a special library. ing, and personnel management, to The reason for this is that new library name but a few. These skills can, managers find themselves in a pecu- however, be summed up in six basic rules. To the more experienced library This paper was presented at a seminar held Juri manager, these rules may seem obvious. 9. 1980, at SLA's 71st Annual Conference ~ri But they are the kind of rules that are Washington, D C , on the subject of 'The Poten- obvious only after they have been tial of Aggressive Librarianship A New Total- pointed out. In any case, these rules are Miss~on Support Concept" The seminar was not meant for the experienced library organized by Sarah Kadec, deputy director, manager. They are meant for those Office ot Administration, Executive Office of the librarians who, like the young law Pres~dent,and sponsored by the Military Librar librarian, are in charge of a special lans, Llbrary Management, and Engineering DIVI library for the first time and don't quite sions of SLA know what to do. december 1980 Copyright o 1980 Specla1 L~brarlesAssoclat~on 523 It is usually necessary to ask more What kind of services does it require experienced library managers for their from its library? As for the library itself, advice, read a lot of books and articles it should also-be carefully investigated. on , and to learn Where is it on the organization chart? the rest through the painful process of How large is it? What is its budget? trial and error. What kinds of resources does it have? There are six rules which are basic to What kinds of services does it provide? running a special library successfully. It is easy for special librarians to get To the veteran special library manager the answers to these kinds of questions. these rules will seem obvious and They are experienced in this type of simplistic (although they are obvious research. getting the answe;; and only after someone has pointed them choosing their employers carefully, out), but these rules are not meant for prospective library managers minimize the experienced librarian. They are the single greatest risk of becoming meant for those special librarians who, frustrated in their jobs-and possibly in like the young law librarian, are new to their careers. the experience of managing a library. Rule 2: Hire the Best People Rule 1: Choose Your Employer Carefully Many years ago, the head of the tech- nical services department of a large The first rule is the most important. research library confided that he made No single factor has a greater influence it a practice never to hire really on the special library manager than the outstanding librarians. They either attitude of the special library's parent moved on too quickly to other jobs, or, organization toward information. If the if they stayed on, they eventually began parent organization has at least a basic to want to take over his own job. This is appreciation of the value of accurate possibly the most self-defeating man- and timely information to the success of agement practice imaginable. The most its operations, the special library man- important rule for special library man- ager stands a good chance of making a agers to follow (after carefully choosing success of his or her special library. But their employer) is to hire the best if the parent organization is insensitive people they can find. It is they, much to the value of information, and sees more than resources and facilities, who the library as a barely-to-be-tolerated make the difference between a good drain on its operating budget, the special library and an excellent one. library manager's best professional ef- The best people strengthen your job forts are doomed to failure. rather than threaten it. They keep you Professionals in other fields are on your toes. They challenge you to keenly aware of the influence an work harder and better. Best of all, as employer can have on their careers. their supervisor, they make you look They will investigate an organization good. A famous general once said that before taking a job with it. High-level he preferred to have only the best and executives will frequently retain the the most ambitious officers on his staff. services of an executive search firm or They might eventually replace him in career counselor to help them find the his command, but in the meantime, job that is right for them. Special librar- they won his battles for him. ians should do the same. Before agree- It is true that the best people don't ing to manage a special library, first stay with you forever. They develop carefully research its parent organiza- quickly, and unless there is the oppor- tion. Is it doing well financially? Does it tunity to promote them within the appear likely that it will continue to do library, they will move on to bigger and well in the future? Is it in a line of better jobs somewhere else. But this is business that requires information? normal and even desirable. It is better special libraries to be surrounded by top-notch people may very well be: "Make sure it meets who turn out excellent work for a few the specific and particular needs of years before moving on, than to be your users." surrounded by mediocre people who, Like the successful marketer, special although they rarely put you through library managers cannot afford to the trouble of having to hire and train a assume they know what their users' replacement, also rarely produce the needs are. Some basic market research kind of work that gains your library must be done. You must learn all you professional recognition from its parent can about the organization you work organization. for, its history, its operating principles, It is also true that the best people are and its long- and short-range objec- expensive. Special library managers tives. You must survey your users should, therefore, strive for a budget (avoiding library jargon at all costs) to that will enable them to pay their best find out exactly what kinds of informa- people top professional salaries-sala- ries that are competitive with those paid to professionals with similar levels The best people strengthen your of qualification and responsibility in job rather than threaten it. They the parent organization. This will have keep you on your toes. They an unexpected benefit. Good salaries not only make it possible to hire the challenge you to work harder best people; they also enhance the and better. Best of all, as their image of the library staff. Nothing supervisor, they make you look wakes up the management of an organi- good. zation faster to the fact that its librar- ians are professionals-and not just a higher order of clerical help-than tion they need. You may find out that having to pay them professional sala- your users find raw information to be a ries. nuisance, that they want information digests rather than unprocessed stacks Rule 3: Let Your Users Be Your Guide of documents and data bank printouts. ------You must interview the members of All special library managers are thor- your primary user group (and every oughly trained to be service oriented. organization has one) to find out what They know that it is their job to meet they want most from their library. You the information needs of the employees may discover that the organization's of the organizations they work for. But top management has a greater need for not all special library managers have a an active, current-awareness service clear idea of what those information than for a passive, on-demand service. needs are. They tend to talk in terms of You should keep a record of your users' educating their users in the value of the requests and analyze it regularly. It will library's information services, but they reveal numerous ways in which you do relatively little about educating can adjust your information services to themselves in the specifics of their more closely meet their needs. users' information needs. Such market research is not easy. It This is going about things backwards. has to be done continuously, because As any successful marketer will tell the information needs of an organiza- you, it is not enough to turn out a tion and its people are constantly superior product or service. You first changing. It has to be done diplomati- have to determine whether people need cally, because people don't like to be the product or service at all. If one were bothered. But it has to be done. Special asked to come up with the most impor- library managers have to know exactly tant rule to follow in managing a what their users' information needs are. special library's information services, it Otherwise, like the U.S. auto industry, december 1980 they will find themselves in the posi- a passive, on-demand one. This will tion of turning out a product few help you to provide them with more people want and even fewer people are timely information. willing to pay for. One of the major reasons why special library managers do not get the recog- nition that professionals at a similar Rule 4: Cultivate Top Management level in their organizations do is The concept of equal access to library because they have not taken the steps to services for all users makes good sense make their services indispensible to the for a . It even has some day-to-day work of their top manage- relevance for an . But ment. Herbert White, in a study of as an operating principle, it has no industrial information centers, pointed place in a special library, especially one out that the ability of these centers to in a for-profit organization. survive organizational retrenchment in Special library managers should un- a time of economic recession depended derstand that the orgnaizations their not so much on their size, budget, or libraries serve are essentially structured place on the organization chart as on like a pyramid. Top management makes the degree to which they directly up the apex of the pyramid. They are assisted the worklives of their top the people in the orgnization responsi- management, that is, the people in the ble for making the decisions that have orgnization who decided where the the greatest impact upon its operations. spending cuts would be made (1). This To make these decisions intelligently, observation can be taken a small step they have the most urgent and legiti- farther: the professional recognition of mate need of anybody in the organiza- special librarians is in direct proportion tion for accurate, comprehensive, and to how relevant their information timely information. services are to the daily decision This is not meant to suggest that making of their top management. special library managers play petty politics-that they ignore the informa- Rule 5: Advertise tion needs of the other employees in their organization in order to curry Last year, in a study of special librar- favor with top management. However, ians who had been made officers of special librarians should recognize the their orgnizations (2), the librarians structural and political realities of the surveyed gave a variety of reasons why organizations they work for. they thought they had been made offi- To put it another way, you should cers. But almost all agreed that one think of your special library as a especially significant factor had been management . Pro- their efforts in promoting their libraries vide the best information service possi- within their organizations. One of the ble to all the people in your organiza- librarians, who was particularly em- tion, but place extra emphasis on meet- phatic about this point, put it this way: ing the information needs of your top Sell, sell, sell the library's functions management. Learn what their areas of within your organization. Public rela- responsibility are, what kinds of deci- tions is never-ending. It consists not only sions they have to make. This will help of developing a superior product but also you to provide them with more accurate of creating innovative ways to highlight information. Make everv effort to the library as an indispensable service supply them with processed informa- department which is an asset to the tion and not just collections of raw data. company. This will help you to provide them It is not enough for special library with more useful information. And, managers to develop superior, user- supply them with an interactive and oriented information services. These continuous information service, not just services also have to be promoted. The special libraries organization's employees have to be on additional responsibilities. If the made aware of the information services suggestions take hold, they can then that are available to them. And top readily be developed into detailed management has to be kept informed of proposals for management's approval. what it is getting for its information dollar. Rule 6: Be a Manager Write a brochure describing the -- - library and its services, and see to it that It has often been said that if special it gets as widely distributed as possible. librarians are to survive in the widely Call, or at least write a note to all new heralded information age, they must employees, introducing yourself and stop thinking like librarians and start your library. Participate in any orienta- thinking like managers. In fact, a whole tion programs that are given to new new breed of people has sprung up who call themselves "information man- Special librarians may know a agers." They differ from special librar- lot about how to process infor- ians not so much in technical know- mation, but they often don't how as in attitude. They view informa- tion in managerial terms: as a resource know much about how to man- that has an integral and quantifiable age it. role in helping the organization achieve its operational goals. employees. Announce all new library This view is open to debate. On the one services and library staff throughout hand, management is not all that new: the the organization. Give presentations to basic practices of information manage- the organization's various departments ment have been carried out by a number and task groups. Put the library's name of special librarians for over fifty years(3). on everything: its stationery, memos, On the other hand, these special librarians file materials, photocopies, even its data have been, and are even today, the excep- bank printous. Have the organization tion. Special librarians may know a lot include the library on visitor tours. Get about how to process information, but the organization to mention the library they often don't know much about how to in its annual report. And never pass up manage it. They may be good information an opportunity to write an article on technicians, but they are frequently poor the library for one of the organization's managers. in-house publications-or for an out- Knowing how to manage informa- side publication, for that matter. tion is becoming increasingly impor- As for your organization's manage- tant for special library managers. We ment, provide them with at least a quar- are well into the changeover from an terly report on the library's progress industrial to an information society. and future plans. Don't limit such Marc Porat pointed out in a 1977 reports to circulation and reference Department of Commerce study that statistics. They have a limited meaning 50% of the gross national product and for management. Instead, include in- of the nation's wages and salaries relate stances where the library has had a to information activities (4). And in a direct impact on the organization's report that came out early this year, effectiveness, where it has saved the John Naisbitt of Yankelovich, Skelly organization time and money. (For the and White stated that the most signifi- alert library manager, who knows his or cant trend in the United States today is her organization, this is not as difficult its shift from a mass industrial society as it sounds. And it does wonders for to an information society whose strate- overcoming the library's image as a cost gic resource is knowledge and data (5). center.) Also briefly include sugges- As we move farther into an information tions on how the library can extend its society, information is becoming an usefulness by adding services or taking increasingly valuable commodity. Organi- december 1980 zations are coming to view it as a resource what information is, how it affects the and to subject it to the same economic organizations they work for, and how it analyses as their other resources. They are can best be used to help those organiza- coming to regard their information tions attain their goals and objectives. resources as more comprehensive than As Peter Drucker pointed out in his those traditionally supplied by a special classic study of management, a man- library and to see them as including all ager's job is to manage (6). So to those the relevant materials (in whatever format new special library managers who ask, and by whatever mode of transmission) "Now that I'm in charge, what do I which are generated both internally and do?," one can only echo Drucker's externally. They are expecting their infor- words and say, "Manage." The six rules mation resources to be effectively inte- outlined will offer some guidance on grated, analyzed, and used. In a word, how to do just that. they are expecting them to be managed. To meet the challenges of the infor- Literature Cited mation age, special library managers should take a lesson from information 1. White, Herbert S. /Organizational Place- managers. They should realize, as the ment of the Industrial Special Library: Its newly appointed librarian said, that Relationship to Success and Survival. there is a lot of difference between Special Libraries 64 (no.3):141 -1 44 (Mar working in a special library and manag- 1973). ing one. The technical skills learned in 2. Kok, John and Edward G. Strable/ library school are no longer enough, for Moving Up: Librarians Who Have Become Officers of their Organizations. management concerns itself not with Special Libraries 71 (no. 1):5-12 (Jan 1980). the trees but with the forest. To these 3. See Jackson, Eugene B./What's So New technical skills must be added a knowl- About the Information Manager Con- edge of such basic business activities as cept?/lnformation Manager 2 (no. 1):34-37 marketing, finance, personnel, and (Spring 1980). management. These skills can be 4. Porat, Marc U./The information Economy. learned. They are the skills that, like Washington, D.C., U.S. Government the information manager, allow you to Printing Office, 1977.9~.(See v. 1-3.) view information in managerial terms. 5. Naisbitt, John/U.S. Trends for the 80s. The unfolding information age will Business Tomorrow 3 (no. 1): 1, 9-12 (Feb 1980). present special library managers with a 6. Drucker, Peter F./The Practice of Man- unique opportunity. It will make their agement. New York and Evanston, skills increasingly valuable to the orga- Harper & Row, 1954. 404 p. (See espe- nizations they work for. At the same cially pp. 137-143.) time, the information age will make new demands of special library man- Received for review Sep 2, 1980. Manu- agers. It will force them to re-examine script accepted for publication Sep 24, 1980.

John Kok is vice-president and director, Information Center, Foote, Cone & Beld- ing, Chicago, Ill.

special libraries Preventative Conservation for Map Collections

Betty Kidd

National Map Collection, Public Archives of Canada, Ottawa, Canada

Thephysical care of maps and plans is a problem for many persons used to working with more traditional forms of library and archival materials. The map curator, as well as being familiar with broad conservation measures such as proper environmental conditions, needs to develop more specialized knowledge of storage possibilities and tech- niques for handling oversized material. Conservation meth- ods that have proven useful in map collections and guide- lines for researchers and staff are described.

S MAP CURATORS, we have such care by using a combination of the responsibility of ensuring common sense and knowledge, both A that the cartographical material, practical and technical, most of which is which constitutes the holdings of our not taught in any course. Practising collections, is retained in good physical map curators learn through experience, condition for, at the minimum, the reading in related literature, and dis- period of time specified by the individ- cussion with their professional col- ual collection's retention guidelines. If leagues. the map collection is archival or histori- A premise with which there can be cal in nature, or if the collection no real disagreement is that maps are deposits superseded materials in such not easy items to properly care for. In collections, the period of time to ensure fact, in the past, there were attempts in their physical well-being is indefinite. some institutions to change the physi- Those map curators with responsibility cal format of maps to more traditional for budget allocations and expenditures formats with which the custodian was also realize that the cost of maps, both already familiar. For example, a 1903 those in current production and those article in the Library Journal (1) advo- in the antiquarian market, is rapidly cated dissecting and mounting maps to increasing. This is an added incentive a size not more than 9 x 11 inches and to provide the best physical care for treating these bound maps as books. An materials acquired, as well as for those alternative to changing the format, already held. Map curators can provide followed in numerous institutions, was december 1980 copyright o 1980 Specm L~braraesAssoc~at~on 529 simply to ignore cartographical materi- be at least doubled for every 10" Celsius als, especially those which were over- that the temperature is reduced. How- sized or those which were in unusual ever, the storage of material in vault formats, such as plaster relief models. areas with extremely low temperatures Thus, maps acquired the often-quoted and the moving of such material to reputations of being "fugitive materi- working and references areas with als" (2) and the step-children of the more normal temperatures is not rec- library and archival communities. ommended; the changes in temperature If map curators could always acquire will cause contraction and expansion of material in mint condition, if all maps paper fibres, damaging the paper. The were produced on durable, acid-free National Map Collection in planning a paper stock, if each map collection had possible future move has requested proper environmental and storage con- temperatures of 70" k 2" F and hu- ditions, and if all map curators and map midity levels of 40% + 5% in working users were knowledgeable persons who and reference areas, and in the vault a used materials in ways which resulted temperature of 60" k 5" F and 35% -t 5% in no damage, there would be less work humidity. To ensure that little fluctua- for conservators. Unfortunately, this is tion occurs, a hygrothermograph to not nor ever will be the case. monitor temperature and humidity lev- els should be standard equipment in, at Environment least, historical and archival collec- tions. The rate of deterioration of library Since the ultraviolet rays in sunlight and archival materials is rapidly in- and in artificial light sources are potent creasing. A 1974 study by W.J. Barrow destroyers of paper, it is recommended (3) noted that in the five-year period, that all storage areas be removed from 1970-75, more damage would occur in natural light sources and dark condi- an average collection than had occurred tions be maintained when the storage during the whole eighteenth century. area is not being used. Blinds and/or Air pollution is one of the factors drapes should be kept closed in all areas contributing to the accelerating rate. where maps are being used, unless the The fibre make-up of paper and the windows are protected with special composition of inks and paints can be ultraviolet filters or are made from the damaged by such pollutants as sulphur specially treated glass now available. dioxide and hydrogen sulphide (4). Air For fluorescent lighting, it is possible to coming into a map collection needs to purchase either specially coated tubes be filtered and washed to eliminate or ~lasticshields which slide over the such contaminants, as well as dust ordinary tubes. Almost every map cura- particles. tor has some control over lighting Most map curators have little or no conditions, whereas the other environ- control over such environmental condi- mental conditions are normally beyond tions. Those who are fortunate enough control. to be involved in the planning of new buildings sometimes can contribute to Storage Methods decisions concerning temperature, hu- midity, anti-pollution devices, and "There is no doubt that proper cabi- lighting. It is well known that paper, nets equate to dollar savings in restora- the medium on which most maps are tive conservation needs" according to a drawn or printed, will be best pre- study conducted by the Conservation served at very low temperatures, with Committee, Association of Canadian corresponding low humidity levels, Map Libraries (6). Storage methods for and with no fluctuations of either. A sheet maps vary greatly but the most 1977 article in The American (5) common methods are horizontal cabi- suggests that the life-span of paper can nets, vertical cabinets, rolled map stor- special libraries Figure 1. A new accession, typical of Horizontal Cabinets the condition in which many maps arrive. The preferred method of storage in most map collections is horizontal cabi- nets with relatively shallow drawers. As early as 1856, during a lecture at the Smithsonian Institution, J. Georg Kohl recommended that maps be filed "flat in broad, commodious drawers" (7). In general, drawers more than 1 112" deep are unsuitable; damage in retrieving or filing material is common with deeper drawers. For storage of older materials, drawers with a depth of 1" or less are preferable. . Horizontal cabinets are available in a age on walls or in cabinets, and library variety of sizes or can be custom-built and larger shelving. Although the according to requirements. Those insti- market which map collections collec- tutions which group their maps accord- tively represent is not large enough to ing to size and have available various justify the design and production of sizes of drawers avoid the problem of specialized equipment, poor storage what to do with oversized maps. The methods can seriously damage maps. dilemmas of "to cut or not to cut" and "to fold or not to fold" are faced by Protective Covers many curators on a regular basis. Folds tend to weaken paper; tears and, in A conservation measure which map some cases, discoloration will occur collections often use is protective along fold lines. If cutting is the solu- covers for material within storage units. tion to which a collection resorts, the These may be folders, envelopes, tubes, map should be carefully studied and cut boxes, and so forth. The protective only where there is no or the least folder or envelope can be made from amount of significant information on paper, cardboard, plastic, or linen; there the map. For oversized historical maps, are even several collections which use such as late nineteenth century county withdrawn, superseded nautical charts landownership maps, the curator, or on heavy paper from which to construct even better a conservator, should folders. Protective covers constructed closely examine the map to see if more from buffered, non-acidic materials are than one piece of paper was used at the preferable since transfer of acids is time of production; if so, the map prevented. should be separated into the individual The cost factor of using folders (one sheets by a conservator. map plus folder equates to three sheets Even in those collections with vari- of paper) and the difficulties in brows- ous sizes of cabinets available, there ing through the drawers are the reasons will always be maps which do not fit why this relatively simple conservation into the space available. The collections measure is not universally used. How- with flat storage for oversized map ever, folders made from non-acidic sheets have several common problems. materials are much more common than First, the size of the maps make it are non-acidic tubes for rolled maps. In extremely difficult for one person to fact, many collections do not use protec- safely retrieve or file an item. The tive covers for maps stored in rolled second problem is acquiring protective condition, and others resort to wrap- covers large enough and light enough ping each map or bundle of maps in to be easily handled. Although most ordinary paper. map collections use metal cabinets, december 1980 Figure 2. Recommended storage: shal- the map and hanging it from some type low, horizontal drawers and acid-free of holder or prongs; filing maps in protective covers. large envelopes which are then hung; and filing maps between "wavy divid- ers." ~lthou~hvertical storagi is suit- able for some uniform-sized documents and for some kinds of material, espe- cially in map-producing agencies, any map curator considering the purchase of -vertical cabinets should carefully study the pros and cons. Considerations should include the comparison of stor- age costs per square foot horizontally and vertically (remember, horizontal cabinets can be stacked); the type of band and the glue with which it is affixed (a test for acidity is required); the labor and time required to affix bands; the possible damage which can be done by structural features of the some use custom-built wooden cabi- cabinet, including pointed prongs and nets. The tendency for wooden drawers interior bars which are rough metal; to stick or warp because of the humidity and safety features (some cabinets are can be an irritating problem, but more not stable when the maps are pushed to serious, from the conservation point of the front). In the National Map Collec- view, is the transfer of acids from tion, bands are no longer applied to the untreated wood to the stored materials. map itself but are applied to an exten-

Handling any size of sheet maps, sion added to the backing.- This decision especially oversized ones, while stand- was made some years ago, when it ing on a ladder or step-stool is difficult became evident that the acidic glue and unsafe. If possible, the height of used to affix the band was causing the cabinets should be no more than permanent damage. 40"; this provides a convenient height for retrieved maps to be placed, as well Rolled Storage as a good working and sorting area. Most collections, as their holdings For maps that are stored in rolled increase, tend to stack cabinets higher condition there are a number of meth- and higher, the only limitations being ods available, but in fact, there is no ceiling height and the floor load stress suitable storage yet identified for a factor. A necessary investment for such large collection of rolled maps. Maps collections is at least one good safety are usually stored in a rolled condition ladder which locks and will not move if they are oversized and no other stor- as soon as any weight is placed on it. age is available, or if they are part of a special category, notably wall maps for Vertical Cabinets classroom teaching. The main methods by which rolled maps are stored are on The storage of maps vertically is not the wall, horizontally or vertically, as common as horizontal storage, but in with some type of bracket to hold the the Canadian study referred to earlier, map; in cabinets, either purchased or 40 of the 89 collections surveyed custom-built, usually with pigeon- reported that a portion of their hold- holes; and on shelves. As noted ings are stored vertically (6, p.24). The previously, many collections do not use most common principles of vertical any protective covers for rolled maps. storage in Canada are adding a band to One recent development for rolled

special libraries maps in the National Map Collection is preferably one to a shelf. Vertical stor- the use of library compactus shelving age of large atlases will result in buck- with narrow bases and pegboard ling of the spine and covers. A recent attached to store the maps. It has been article published in the The Globe (8) found that this method efficiently concerning conservation in the Na- stores many rolled maps in a limited tional Library of Australia notes the use amount of wall space. of polyethylene bags, with one end open, as a protective cover for atlas Office Files storage. Items such as globes, relief models The use of office files for map storage and raised relief maps are awkward is convenient for small maps that do not items which normally end up being require folding, and for maps, such as stored haphazardly in odd places. Of highway maps, that are normally course, if the map collection only received and stored in a folded condi- possesses a few of these, they can be tion. However, deterioration occurs used effectively as decorative elements when larger maps are folded to fit into in the collection's landscape. In the such cabinets. National Map Collection, an exhibition display case constructed from filtered Open Shelving plexiglas has been converted for the display of part of the globe collection. Library shelving may be used effec- To prevent careless handling of one tively, especially for maps in reports rare globe on a stand, a half-dome of and maps folded into soft or hard plexiglas has been placed over the covers. Large, open shelving can be globe. effectively used for maps in process and Aerial photographs are usually stored for permanent storage of certain catego- in either specially made boxes of ries of maps in tubes, folders, binders, cardboard or metal, or in office file boxes, and so on. Maps without protec- cabinets. In Canada, the universities tive covers should not be stored this with the largest collections report way; the only place where this is favorably on the use of a metal box with feasible is in map distribution offices a hinged lid (9). where there is constant turnover of the material. Awareness

Special Storage Requirements Awareness is the key word in doing all we can to properly care for our hold- The storage requirements for a speci- ings. Damage can and does occur at fied map or group of maps often tests every stage of handling in the process- the ingenuity of the map curator. The ing and servicing of maps in our collec- solution reached may be unorthodox- tions. Whether or not we care to admit as in one case where empty cereal boxes it, every map curator has caused and were used to store a small-size set of will cause damage to items in hislher maps. Storage methods commonly used collection. for other media, such as solander cases, snap-type binders, document boxes, Handling Instructions matting and framing, may also be employed. A recent Canadian study (6, p. 12) Other cartographical materials com- stated that 84% of map collections mon in the map collection-atlases, provide oral instructions for staff mem- globes, air photographs, relief mod- bers on handling of material, ranging els-require even more careful consid- from a few words to actual demonstra- eration for storage than flat sheet maps. tions, but more often leaning to the Atlases should be stored horizontally, former; 7% provide written instruc- december 1980 tions; and 9% provide no instructions. "how to" and "how not to" photo- Inadequate staff training and the graphs, the latter featuring a gorilla. A absence of a good orientation to the booklet prepared from these photo- map collection can result in uninten- graphs is available from the Informa- tional damage to the collection's hold- tion Services Division, Public Archives ings. (10 ). of Canada %, The seemingly insignificant details The aware map curator who has a which the experienced map curator serious interest in preventive conserva- forgets to mention to the newcomer can tion will find that most map users are include how to remove a tightly rolled very receptive and cooperative. Fortu- map from a small tube, how to refold a nately, there will only be rare occasions folded map, and how to remove the when the map curator, or his supervi- map at the bottom of a drawer when sor, will have to make decisions on there are fifty maps on top of it. The future research privileges for those map curator should explain that if it is who misuse materials. - not possible to insert one's index finger and roll the map tighter between the Maps on Loan finger and thumb in order to remove it from the tube, it is preferable to sacri- Many map collections, particularly fice the tube by tearing it carefully those in the university setting, lend away from the map than to risk damag- maps to researchers. Since the material ing the map. When unfolding a map, is physically removed from the collec- the alert map user takes mental note of tion's custody at such times, written how the map is folded and never folds instructions on proper handling should against the folds already in the paper. accompany the maps. Researchers who When retrieving a map from the bottom lose or damage a map while it is in their of a pile of maps in a drawer, and if one custody should be expected to pay for is working alone, it will be necessary to such damage or loss. After all, the remove a small number of maps at a expense of obtaining a map and the time until the required map is located time needed to repair or replace a map and then refile those not needed in are factors which must be taken into proper order. account. If the borrower intends to display the borrowed map in any way, Researcher Agreements the map curator should also specify the methods which are allowed. If one admits to the need to educate staff members in preventive conserva- tion measures, the need to educate Figure 3. researchers will also be accepted. It is a Removing maps from tubes. good idea to provide written reminders on proper map use-either researcher agreement forms, which it is recom- mended that the researcher be asked to sign, or posted signs. The researcher agreement form used by the National Map Collection is reproduced in the Appendix. Another idea is to prepare an exhibit on proper and improper handling techniques. Several years ago the Archives Branch Conservation Committee, Public Archives of Canada, prepared a small, light-hearted exhibit on this serious matter entitled, "Fragile: Handle with Care." It consisted of

special libraries Map Displays Figure 4. Rolled maps on cornpactus shelving. Every map collection needs the pub- licity that a properly mounted exhibi- tion brings. However, many lack proper facilities for such exhibitions and in making do, can cause damage to the maps on display. Some collections display only duplicate copies of current maps (that is, maps of which replace- ments are readily available) or photoco- pies. Because these maps and copies are expendable, the most convenient means are used for display purposes, including thumb-tacks, staples, and masking tape. Horizontal displays on tables and tops of cabinets are convenient since the material can be covered with plastic is the presence of large work and refer- or glass for protection. To vertically ence tables; office desks are too small display sheets, which will be returned for handling the majority of items to the collection after the exhibition received. A minimum of 10 to 20 scruare period, the map curator uses a variety of feet has been recommended for each methods to ensure that the maps are not researcher. Since space is so often a damaged in mounting. Matting with problem, it is important that the avail- acid-free board, museum wax, and so on able space be well laid out. Reorganiza- is preferable but beyond the resources tion of existing areas will sometimes of many map collections. Strips of plas- result in a surprising amount of avail- tic to hold the map, which are then able space. For ideas, one can consult attached to the display board or wall, the two folios produced by the Associa- plastic clips to hold the map either to tion of Canadian Map Libraries: Univer- the wall or to another sheet which is sity Map Libraries in Canada: A Folio of then fastened to the wall, and plastic Selected Plans, 1975 and Federal, Provin- sheets or plexiglas which are placed cial and Municipal Map Libraries in Cana- over the map and then attached to the da: A Folio of Selected Plans, 1979. wall are some examples of the inge- nious ways in which concerned map Preventive Conservation curators protect their maps during display. Long-term exhibitions of origi- The basic rule of no smoking, no nal materials is not recommended; a eating, and no drinking should be month maximum should be a guideline followed by all persons-staff and unless the collection has first-rate researchers-when working with conditions for display. maps. This rule will prevent burns, smoke damage, stains, and the attrac- Finding Space tion of insects and vermin. Depending on the type of collection, the map cura- Even the aware, knowledgeable cura- tor may wish to take further steps. For tor can cause damage if there is a lack of example, wearing cotton gloves not adequate space for processing and only prevents the transfer of body oil to reference. Every map collection re- the paper but also results in more care- quires an adequate designated space for ful handling since the value of maps as new accessions where material can be research documents is constantly in stored until there is staff time available one's mind. The use of vencils instead for initial processing. Another necessity of pens while taking notes or complet-

aecember 1980 ing work forms will prevent ink stains. type of copying is not allowed because The insistence that paper never be of the small surface for copying on most placed on top of any map and that copiers, which means large items need points or routes on the maps never be to be folded or hung over the edges traced by fingers or by writing instru- during copying. Some copiers can also ments will also add to the longevity of cause light and heat damage. A number the maps. of map collections provide photogra- phy services, often done outside the Property Stamps institution by a commercial firm. Other The location of property stamps on copying methods include photostating, maps can be debated at length, ozalid, and similar processes, as well as although it now appears to be common microfilming. If material is transported practice to ensure that the stamp does any distance for copying purposes, not obliterate any map content. Many careful consideration is needed of the institutions with older, rarer materials way in which the material is moved, are reluctant to stamp their holdings; and also how it is handled during copy- although aware of the necessity to iden- ing. Older, rare materials should not be tify materials for security reasons, the subjected to extreme changes in tem- fear of defacing the item often results in perature and humidity during transpor- no identifying markings. Recent stud- tation and copying. Many copying ies on the use of invisible inks and procedures produce both negative and micro-chips may change this situation positive copies. If only the positive is in the future. Map collections which do supplied to the researcher, the nega- stamp their holdings should be aware tives can be retained by the collection of the ink developed by the Library of for future reprographic demands. How- Congress. It is non-acidic, stable in light ever, the map curator is then faced with and heat tests, and resistant to bleaches the problem of storing these negatives. and solvents. The substitution of microfilm and/or photocopies for original materials for Tracing many inquiries has not yet gained wide The researcher in the collection requires information from the maps being studied. He will often need Figure 5. Testing for acidity. copies of maps or parts of maps to continue his research. If tracing is allowed in the map collection, the map should be protected to avoid scoring. The most common way to protect maps is the use of heavy acetate or plastic sheets between the map and the tracing paper. Some collections keep duplicate copies or photocopies on file for tracing purposes. The light table or tables avail- able should have a large surface so that the map will not be folded or creased during tracing. . Reprographic Demands Photocopying is a service that most collections provide for their research public. Electrostatic copying is certainly the most common method at this time. In the National Map Collection, this special libraries acceptance in map collections. In the by trained conservators or under their National M~DCollection, access to the supervision. A handy instrument to older, originil material, which has been have in the map collection is an archi- microfilmed as part of the 105 mm val pen which provides a quick reading microfilm program, is restricted. Re- on acidity levels. searchers who use the fiche on special, The maD curator should make con- large screen readers have accepted the tacts with local conservators and, if use of microfilm without complaint, possible, receive instruction on simple and indeed, some have expressed procedures from a qualified con- enthusiasm for the use of the microfilm servator. Time spent in a conservation instead of the original. laboratory will help the map curator recognize problems with maps in the collection for which he or she is respon- Restorative Conservation and Repairs sible. Only the most fortunate map collec- tions have access to qualified map Literature Cited conservators or have them on staff. The size of the holdings combined with the 1. Anna G. Hubbard / Cataloguing and Preservation of Maps in Indiana State limited number of items which can be Library. Library Journal 28 (no. 8): 610- restored by the conservators mean that 61 1 (Aug 1903). even these collections must rely on staff 2. Clara Egli Le Gear/ Maps: Their Care, to handle problems of minor repairs. Repair and Preservation in Libraries. Wash- The most important guideline the ington, Library of Congress, 1949. p. collection staff must follow is not to do viii. anything which can not be undone. 3. W. J. Barrow /Permanence/ Durability of This rules out the use of most adhesive the Book-Vll. Richmond, Virginia, W. J. tapes since the glue leaves a permanent Barrow Research Laboratory, 1974. p. 2. residue which stains the map. There 4. V. Daniels/Air Pollution and the Archivist. Journal of the Society of Archi- are, however, safe tapes available for vists 6 (no. 3): 154-156 (Apr 1979). temporary repair work. One of these is 5. Frazer G. Poole/Some Aspects of the Filmoplast P produced by Neschen Conservation Problem in Archives. The International. American Archivist 40 (no. 2): 163-171 A number of collections edge maps, (Apr 1977). especially those which are constantly in 6. Map Collections in Canada and Conserva- use. This helps to prevent fraying and tion: A report based on responses to a ques- tearing along the edges. The process tionnaire distributed by the Conservation involves an inexpensive, simple-to-use Committee, 1976. Ottawa, Association of hand-operated machine which applies Canadian Map Libraries, 1979. p. 22. an adhesive tape around the edges of 7. J. Georg Kohl/Substance of a lecture delivered at the Smithsonian Institution the map. Cloth backing, some of which on a collection of charts and maps of can be applied by ironing, is another America. In Annual Report, Smithsonian method; however, be certain to have Institution, 1856. pp. 93-146. the material and glue checked for acid- 8. Ian Cook / Consewation of Maps in the ity if the maps are for long-term reten- National Library of Australia. The Globe tion. 1 (no. 516): 80-88. Some collections are encapsulating 9. H. Stibbe/Airphotographs in the Map maps (11 ), according to the instructions Library. In Proceedings of the Fourth issued by the Library of Congress. Annual Conference, Association of Cana- Although this certainly protects the dian Map Libraries, 1970. pp. 44-51. 10. Fragile: Handle with Care-A Guide to the map during handling, encapsulation Preservation of Archival Materials. Ottawa, without deacidification is not the ulti- Public Archives of Canada, 1977. mate solution to conservation prob- 11. Paul N. Banks/The Conservation of lems. Deacidification can be an expen- Maps and Atlases. The 1976 Bookman's sive process and needs to be carried out Yearbook. pp. 53-62. december 1980 Appendix. Researcher's Agreement to Comply With Rules for Use of Materials in the National Map Collection

1. Researchers will register at the reception desk daily. 2. Researchers are not permitted access to storage facilities. Materials requested by the researcher will be retrieved by staff members only. Material stored in the main building is readily accessible; several days may be required to retrieve material stored in other buildings. The staff will advise researchers on this matter. When microforms exist, they are used for consultation instead of the originals. 3. Researchers will handle materials at assigned places only. Maps and atlases must be handled as little as possible. Exfreme care must be used at all times. Large items must be moved by staff members only. 4. Researchers are permitted to handle documents only by the edges, and are required to wear gloves. They may not lean on maps or touch their surfaces while working with them. Researchers taking notes must keep their paper away from documents and may use a pencil only. 5 Researchers must obtain permission from a reference officer to trace any documents. Maps to be traced must be protected by large acetate sheets. Marking on maps is strictly prohibited. 6. Researchers must respect the existing order and arrangement when examining a group of unbound maps. 7. Researchers will arrange with the reference officer to reserve material at an assigned space. Material may be reserved for a maximum of 3 days. 8. Please do not request material in the half hour preceding closing time. Office hours are from 8:30 a.m. to 4:45 p.m. 9. ABSOLUTELY NO SMOKING, EATING OR DRINKING IN THE REFERENCE ROOM. N.B. Any misuse of material in our custody, or other abuse of our facilities, may result in cancellation of your research privileges.

Received for review Jul 17, 1979. Revised Betty Kidd is director, National Map Col- manuscript accepted for publication Oct 14, lection, Public Archives of Canada, Otta- 1980. wa, Ontario.

special libraries Commentary on Improving the Image of the Special Library

IKE INFLATION, taxes, and other tion and answering questions to sup- phenomena that never disappear, port decision making and the achieve- L there is still confusion about the ment of goals, then it seems absurd to purpose and priorities of special require and have people with two or libraries. Two articles (1,2) appearing in more academic degrees work as librar- different issues of Special Libraries dur- ians. One must also question why ing 1980 add to the confusion. In one students planning to become librarians article published in April, the reader is should be encouraged to study foreign advised that the submittal of state-of- languages and computer programming the-art information to the interested if the role of the librarv is that of a user is an information center's most provider of documents instead of an important responsibility and contribu- information source with people ac- tion. This seems very rational until one tively converting information into in- reads in the other article published in telligence? August that, based on a survey, both In the minds of many people, all users and librarians regard the acquisi- libraries are the same. What one sees is tion of journals as the most important what it is. The high school student sees service or function of a special library. the librarv as a-room full of books, Charles Bauer, author of the April while many college students graduate article, tells how advertising library without seeing a library as anything services, selling aggressively, and per- more than an organized collection of forming services courteously, economi- documents. Who, then, can distinguish cally, and expeditiously help build an a special library from a non-special or information center that can become an ordinary library? Ask a random group indispensable management tool. The of people what a special library is or results reported in W. Davenport Rob- does and the response is generally a ertson's article in the August issue shrug of the shoulders. make one wonder. Are aggressive There exist both an uninformed marketing and arduous planning ef- public and confused librarians. Library forts worthwhile or cost effective if users can not expect a special library to making documents available is the resemble the information center de- major emphasis of a special library/ scribed by Bauer if they did not learn information center? that a library can be more than shelves If the most important aspect of containing journals. Librarians are con- libraries is serving as a warehouse for fused because they know the library journals instead of providing informa- can be more than a warehouse, but their december 1980 Copyright o 1980 Specla1 Llbrar~esAssoc~atlon 539 After the: meetings are held, several activities could be planned including:

Visits by students and teachers to various libraries in the community. Use of special libraries by teachers and students. Use of students as part-time em- ployees in special libraries. Cooperative efforts by teachers and clientele either do not demand more or librarian to improve educational are unappreciative of efforts to change materials through use of special the passive identity of the library. libraries. This "catch 22" situation can not be Visits by librarians to local high improved by seeking government schools in order to answer ques- grants or by waiting for someone to tions about libraries and demon- conduct a study. The image of special strate library resources and capabil- libraries can best be improved by ities. special librarians. The starting point is the local high school, not the organiza- These programs will require moni- tion where the librarian is employed. toring. Those that are successful for one For most people working in the organi- group of students may not be worth- zation, it is, unfortunately, too late. while for another group. The more They have already established opinions successful programs should be publi- about libraries and generally request cized so that others may learn of meth- information elsewhere. Their primary ods used, problems encountered, and source of information is the teiephone conflicts resolved. which connects them with people with Over a period of time, cooperative similar interests both inside and out- programs between educators and librar- side of the organization. In contrast, ians will help to inform students and, students in high school do not have subsequently, parents and employers as steadfast ovinions about libraries and to what is expected from an effective can easily be shown and told about the special library. As users ask and later differences between academic, public, insist on a dynamic interactive library and special libraries. environment, there will be much less Often local Chapters of the Special confusion about the priorities and Libraries Association prepare, as a major functions of special libraries. public relations project,-articles about special libraries or special librarians for James H. Schwartz publication in newspapers. After a few Corporate Electronic months, or in some cases a few weeks, Banking Administration the articles are forgotton. For greater Bank of America, San Francisco impact, local SLA Chapters could develop long-term, continuous projects with built-in objectives. One such project could be sponsoring meetings Literature Cited that encourage high school teachers 1. Bauer, Charles K. /Managing Manage- and people employed in special li- ment. Special Libraries 71 (no. 4):204-216 braries to exchange ideas on how high (Apr 1980). school students can become better 2. Robertson, W. DavenportIA User- informed about libraries. Press cover- Oriented Approach to Setting Priorities age of the teacher-librarian interaction for Library Services. Special Libraries 71 would be a valuable side benefit. (no. 8):345-353 (Aug 1980). special libraries sLa news

Questionnaires Mailed 2,223 SLA 1980 Questionnaires returned 1,499 (67%) Invalid for Computation 2 Salary Survey Update Usable Responses 1,368 (62%) In an effort to assist special librarians in The usable responses show an increase of salary negotiations, Special Libraries Asso- 9% over the 1979 triennial survey. ciation conducts an in-depth salary survey Table 1 reports the changes in mean and every three years. In the intervening years median salaries from Apr 1, 1979 to Apr 1, the Association, using a sampling tech- 1980 within each United States census nique, polls 25% of the membership in an region and Canada. The figures present effort to provide current salary information. changes in dollar amounts and in percent- The results provide an overview of salary ages. levels for special libraries and a measure of The survey indicates an overall median annual salary increases since the last survey. salary increase of $1,700 from $18,000 in The 1980 data updates the overall national 1979 to 19,700 in 1980. This represents a and regional salary data reported in 1979 9.4% increase since last year. The overall in-depth triennial salary survey report (see mean salary reflects a $1,900 increase from Special Libraires, December 1979, pp. 559- $19,300 in 1979 to $21,200 in 1980, a 9.8% 589). While not as comprehensive as the increase. 1979 survey report, the 1980 report indicates A comparison with past surveys indicates general national salary trends and in an increase of 13.9%in median salaries over conjunction with the 1979 report, provides the last two years from $17,300 in 1978 to special librarians with guidelines for salary $19,700 in 1980. The 1980 figures also reflect discussions. a 15.2% increase in mean salaries from During May 1980, a 25% sample of $18,400 in 1978 to $21,200 in 1980. Members and Associate Members received Nine out of ten census regions indicate the survey questionnaire. median salary increases ranging from a high

Table 1. 1980 Mean and Median Salaries by Census Region in Rank Order of Percentage Change in Median from 1979 to 1980.

Medians Means % of Increase % of Increase Census Regions 1979 (or Decrease) 1980 1979 (or Decrease) 1980 Pacific 18.000 13.8 20,500 19,000 14.2 2 1,700 Mountain 16,300 13.5 18.500 17,900 9.5 19,600 West North Central 16,800 11.9 18,800 18.200 11.0 20,200 West South Central 16,000 10.0 17,600 17,800 9.6 19,500 East North Central 17,500 6.9 18,700 18,900 9.5 20,700 South Atlantic 19,400 6.2 20,600 20,900 12.0 23,400 Middle Atlantic 18,400 6.0 19,500 19.600 7.1 2 1,000 Canada* 20,000 5.0 2 1,000 20,800 8.2 22,500 New England 17,300 4.0 18,000 18,200 8.8 19.800 East South Central 17,700 4.0 17,000 18,800 8.0 17,300 Overall 1980 Survey 18,000 9.4 19,700 19,300 9.8 21,200

*Salaries in 1980 reported in Canadian dollars. The exchange rate on Apr 2, 1980 was approximately :anadian $1.00 = United States $0.84. december 1980 541 Table 2. Salary Distribution by Census Region in Rank Order of 1980 Median Salaries. Average 50th Average No. Lowest 25th Percentile 75th Highest Respon- Census Regions 10% Percentile (Median) Percentile 10% Mean dents Canada* 13,800 17,000 21,000 24,500 37,600 22,500 100 South Atlantic 12,400 16,800 20,600 29,000 42,100 23,400 203 Pacific 12,300 17,000 20,500 25,100 37,100 21,700 209 Middle Atlantic 13,200 16,100 19.500 24,700 35,100 21,000 339 West North Central 1 1,200 15,900 18,800 23,400 34,300 20,200 59 East North Central 11,700 15,900 18,700 24,600 35,900 21,700 229 Mountain 12,600 16,900 18,500 2 1,600 31,000 19,600 55 New England 11,300 15,000 18,000 23,400 33,100 19,800 98 West South Central 12.200 15,100 17.600 22,400 37,500 19,500 54 East South Central 10,300 13,100 17.000 18,600 28,100 17,300 22 Overall 1980 Survey 12,300 16,100 19,700 24,600 37,200 21,200 1,368

0 of 13.8% above the 1979 figures to a low of reported in the 1979 Triennial Salary 4.0%. The East-South Central region is the Survey. Keep in mind that the overall only area where salaries decreased: a 4.0% increases reported in the 1980 sampling decrease in median salaries and an 8.0% survey may favorably or adversely distort decrease in mean salaries. the actual changes in any specific subcatego- Table 2 lists the salary distribution in rank ry, since data affecting the many variables order of 1980 median salaries for Canada studied in the in-depth triennial surveys are and the nine United States census regions. not collected in the intervening years. The Pacific region moves from fourth to The salary survey instrument, like the third in 1980, and the Middle Atlantic data it requests, needs constant updating. region drops from third to fourth in the Logically, we desire updates like the 1980 ranking. The most significant change occurs survey from refining the existing form. SLA in the East South Central region. This will conduct another update in 1981 and the region moves from fifth in the 1979 survey next triennial survey in 1982. We are now in to last in the 1980 survey. the process of improving our instruments Readers may wish to apply the overall for these surveys. After reading this 1980 percentage increases of the median (9.4%) update, let us know how you use the infor- and the mean (9.8%) salaries to the medians mation and how we might better serve your and means of the many subcategories needs by expanding the SLA salary survey.

ERRATA The SLA Salary Survey 1979 (SL, 70 (no. 12): 562 (Dec 1979) contains both an incorrect figure in Table 3 and an incorrect interpretation. The second paragraph on page two should read: "Perhaps more enlightening than the actual figures on men's and women's salaries is the change in earnings by sex given in Table 3. Although salaries are not equal, the percentage increase for women is greater than the percentage increase for men. Yet the gap between the median salaries of female and male members is approximately the same. In 1976, the median female salary was 81% of the median male salary. In 1979, the ratio of the medians is 82%." Table 3. Change in Earnings by Sex Increase Sex Survey Median Over 1973 (%) Females 1973 $12,500 - 1976 14,700 18 1978 17,400 39 Males 1973 $16,500 - 1976 18,100 10 1979 21,100 28

special libraries Charity E. McDonald, Institute for Scien- Members in the News tific Information, Philadelphia, Pa. . . . ap- pointed senior information scientist, Solar Energy Research Institute, Department of Mark Leggett, business and industry librar- Energy, Golden Colo. ian, Knoxville/Knox County Public Li- brary . . . now business information services John G. Mulvihill, project manager, librarian, Milwaukee Public Library Sys- GeoRef, American Geological Institute, Falls tem. Church, Va. . . . promoted to director.

Jean E. Lowrie, School of Librarianship, Sarah Omanson, chief, Reference and Bibli- Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, ographic Services Technical Library, ERAD- Mich. . . . named to serve as member of the COM, Fort Monmouth, N.J. . . . retired. NCLIS International Relations Planning Group. Judy Orr, head cataloger, Library of the Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Jay Lucker, director of libraries, Massachu- Texas Tech University . . . named reference setts Institute of Technology, Cam- librarian, Vanderbilt University Medical bridge . . . elected chairman, Board of Direc- Center Library, Nashville, Tenn. tors, NELINET for 1980. Retha Ott, manager, Professional Informa- Harold R. Malinowsky, associate dean, tion Services, Allegan Pharmaceuticals, University of Kansas, Lawrence . . . serving Inc. . . . elected to serve a two-year term as as a member of the ALA Reference and member of the Board of Directors of Subscription Books Review Committee. Libraries, Orange County Network (LOC- NET). James Matarazzo, associate dean, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, David J. Patten, editor, Art Index, H. W. Simmons College, Boston, Mass. . . . ap- Wilson Company . . . appointed associate li- pointed professor. brarian, Oberlin College Library, Oberlin, Ohio. Nancy McAdams, assistant director for facilities and planning, General Libraries, Barbara Ringer, Register of Copyrights and University of Texas at Austin . . . promoted assistant librarian, Copyright Services, Li- to associate director. brary of Congress . . . retired May 30,1980.

Sarah T. Kadec, Ex- CHAPTERS Baltimore ecutive Office of the President, ad- G DIVISIONS dressed the members at a meeting held Sep 11 in Columbia, Md. Her talk focused on "Developing the Role of the Information A Fall meeting was Manager." Alabama held Sep 19-20, hosted by Richard Frederickson, director, Lister Hill Library of Members toured the Health Sciences, University of Alabama Central Pennsylva- the State Library of at Birmingham (UAB). The meeting in- nia Pennsylvania dur- cluded a Time Management Workshop ing a business conducted by Reita Bomar, Personnel Offi- meeting in Harrisburg held Sep 26. cer, UAB, and tours of Lister Hill Library, George Ginader, president-elect, SLA, the Reynolds Historical Library, and EBSCO was the invited speaker at the Nov 7 meet- Subscription Services. ing held in Lancaster. december 1980 A luncheon and The Chapter held Cincinnati panel discussion Philadelphia its annual Fall was held Oct 8. wine and cheese The guest speaker, Nancy Lair, Indiana social on Sep 24 at the American Philosophi- University Graduate Library School, gave a cal Society. talk entitled "Back to Basics: Selection in On Oct 21, members met in Delaware for Acquisition Overview." a tour of the DuPont Lavoisier Library and ICI's Atlas Library. A dinner meeting followed. A Chapter meeting Connecticut Valley was held Sep 25 at Yale University's On Sep 23, mem- Sterling Memorial Princeton-Trenton bers met in Hope- Library in New Haven. Following the Exec- well for a lun- utive Board and Chapter Business meetings, cheon, the first Rutherford D. Rogers gave a talk on "the meeting of the 1980-81 season. Afterwards, Libraries of China." Allen McQuarrie of the New Jersey Educa- tion Association spoke on "Managing Stress in the Library." The Oct 9 meeting Illinois began with a workshop on "Li- "What's New in brary Systems-Here and Now" organized Southern California Establishing Infor- by the Interlibrary Cooperation & Network- mation Centers?" ing Committee. The directors and staff of was the theme of a four local systems were invited to describe round table discussion held Sep 25 at the their operations. Later, Ray Houser, chair- California Institute of Technology in Pasa- man, COMLOS (Committee on Multi- dena. Among the topics discussed were clas- Library Organizations), an ILA subcommit- sification schemes, indexing, acquisitions, tee, described the work of the committee budgets, staffing and management, circula- and the development of the Illinois tion systems, non-book materials, and intro- systems. ducing change.

Members met at In Houston on Sep Kentucky the Kentucky Mu- Texas 26-27, the Chapter seum, Western sponsored a pro- Kentucky University, Bowling Green on gram on "Building In-House Databases." Sep 25-26 to hear Maryann Brown of the The series of meetings included discussions National Center for Higher Education Man- on database management and planning, a agement Systems disciss library manage- poster session, luncheons, wine and cheese ment and data collection. At the dinner reception, and a chapter business meeting. meeting Sep 25 James Dodd brought members up-to-date on Association activi- ties. The next day, Riley Handy, head of the The Chapter and University's Library, Virginia the Virginia Li- gave a brief talk and conducted a guided braries Association tour of the museum's exhibits. Region VI cosponsored a program on Oct 17. Held at the University of Virginia, Charlot- tesville, the meeting included a talk by John Kathleen Molz, Martin, librarian at the Corning Museum of New York Columbia Univer- Glass Library on his experiences with flood sity School of Li- damage to the library's collection. brary Service was the invited speaker at a meeting held Oct 30 at the International Center in New York City. In a talk entitled, "Whose Language Do You Speak?" she discussed approaches toward improved communications with management. special libraries vistas

NETWORKING NOTES

OCLC and RLG Will Explore Terminals BRS has initiated a dialogue with OCLC for Users on the feasibility of providing BRS access over OCLC-leased lines. If this should The Council on Library Resources has happen, it could significantly increase BRS' awarded a grant of $16,300 to OCLC, Inc., share of the database market. and to the Research Libraries Group (RLG) for a joint study of the approaches, prob- lems, and priorities involved in the issue of Utilities Comparative Reports online user access to bibliographic data- bases. A state-of-the-art survey and an Reviewed inventory of issues will be conducted. CLR In the July 1980 issue of College and will host a working session of academic and Research Libraries [41, (no. 4): 369-3701 Rich- research librarians who already offer, or are ard Meyer of Clemson University reviews planning to offer, online access to library two publications that present comparisons users, to assist in establishing goals and of the major bibliographic utilities. priorities. The first one is "The Four Online Biblio- Principal investigators for the grant are graphic Utilities: A Comparison," by Joseph Neal K. Kaske (OCLC), who was part of the R. Matthews (Library Technology Reports 15: Networking Committee's panel last June in 665-838, (Nov-Dec 1979). The other is a Washington, and Douglas Ferguson (RLG). document entitled, "Online Resource Shar- ing 11: A Comparison of OCLC, RLIN, and BRS Divulges New Network Plans WLN," edited by Susan K. Martin. It was published in 1979 by the California Library The Bibliographic Research Service of Authority for Systems and Se~ices.(The Scotia, N.Y., a major database vendor, is first report with this title was published by working on a number of services that CLASS in June 1977 and compared BAL- should be of interest to network people. LOTS and OCLC). This review would be First, they are planning to put up the full valuable to librarians who are trying to eval- MARC records for online catalog creation. uate these services and absorb all these The file will be retrospective to 1972, comparative studies. although not all of it will be online. When this file is mounted, it can be updated on a weekly basis. They do not anticipate RLG Cracks SUNY-Apparently producing cards or other similar products in the immediate future, but they will consider The RLG news release of Aug 11, 1980, working with other agencies in such areas was headlined: "SUNY Binghamton joins as card-production, magnetic tape, micro- expanded RLG." It reported that SUNYI fiche, and so on. Binghamton had become the first institu- BRS has also developed an online news- tion to become an associate member in RLG. letter service whereby access to the newslet- What it did not say was that Binghamton ter can be controlled. A table of contents was the first member of the SUNYIOCLC feature can be used to expedite the reader's network to defect, and may not be the last. access, and it can be achieved at costs below Both SUNY/Buffalo and SUNYIStony those of the present postal service. Brook have task forces about to issue reports december 1980 on RLG, and SUNY /Albany is watching and ARL Adopts Principles on Network listening with great interest. On the other Development hand, all changes of this nature must be approved by SUNY Central in Albany, so At its May 15 meeting in Salt Lake City, RLG's announcement might just have been the ARL membership endorsed eight state- a little premature. ments of principle relating to networks and research libraries. The bibliographic utili- ties were urged to devise services and poli- OCLC Counterattacks cies to stimulate cooperation among re- OCLC has retained Dr. John E. Corbally, search libraries; to support regional and President Emeritus of the University of Illi- local network development; establish link- nois, to-as he puts it-review the degree to age of utilities; facilitate network participa- which OCLC services meet the needs of tion among research libraries; and provide research activities and to advise the OCLC comprehensive descriptions of services and Board on steps which might be taken to products. In addition, the ARL libraries increase and/or improve such services. endorsed the right of any library to contract It is obvious that OCLC has decided that it for services or participate in more than one can no longer afford to ignore RLG's utility. inroads, but whether this expensive battle James K. Webster benefits or detracts from the services they Chairman provide remains to be seen. SLA Networking Committee

STATEMENT of ownership, management and circulation Actual no. (Required by 39 U.S.C. 3685) Average no. copies of 1. Title of publication: Special Libraries. copies each single issue A. Publication No.: ISSN 0038-6723 issue during published 2. Date of filing: October 1, 1980. preceding 12 nearest to 3. Frequency of issue: Monthly except double issue for months filing date May l June. A. Total no. copies printed A. No. of issues published annually: 11 (net press run) ...... B. Annual subscription price: $26.00. B. Paid circulation 4. Location of known office of publication: 235 Park Avenue 1. Sales through dealers South, New York, New York 10003. and carriers, street 5. Location of the headquarters or general business offices vendors and counter of the publishers: 235 Park Avenue South. New York. New sales ...... York 10003. 2. Mail subscriptions ...... 6. Names and addresses of publisher, editor, and manag- C. Total paid circulation ...... ing editor: Publisher, David A. Bender, Special Libraries Asso- D. Free distribution by mail, ciation, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10003; Editor, carrier or other means; Nancy M. Viggiano. Special Libraries Association, 235 Park samples, complimentary, Avenue South. New York, N.Y. 10003; Managing Editor, none. and other free copies ...... 7. Owner (If owned by a corporation, its name and address E. Total distribution (sum of C must be stated and also immediately thereunder the names and D) ...... and addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1 percent or F. Copies not distributed more of total amount of stock. If not owned by a corporation. 1. Office use, left-over. the names and addresses of the individual owners must be unaccounted, spoiled given. If owned by a partnership or other unincorporated firm, after printing ...... 1,587 1,774 its name and address, as well as that of each individual must 2. Returns from news be given If the publication is publishedby a nonprofit organiza- agents ...... none none tion, its name and address must be stated.): Special Libraries G. Total (sum of E. F1, and Association. Inc.. 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 2-should equal net press 10003. run shown in A) ...... 8. Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages or other securities: none. 9. For completion by nonprofit organizations authorized to mail at special rates. The purpose, function, and nonprofit 11. I certify that the statements made by me above are status of Special Libraries Association and the exempt status correct and complete. for Federal income tax purposes have not changed during preceding 12 months. David R. Bender 10. Extent and nature of circulation: Publisher

special libraries Have You Heard?

Computer and Information System man, Board of Directors, New Orleans Merger Public Library. System Development Corporation (SDC) and the Burroughs Corporation have an- Research Center Directory nounced plans for a merger. If approved, The first edition of Government Research this move will unite one of the leading Centers Directory includes over 1,500 entries information systems with the world's listing government owned and operated or second largest computer and office systems contractor-operated installations. Published company. Under the proposed transaction, by Gale Research Co., the directory will be SDC will become a wholly owned subsid- published in three soft-bound issues at iary of Burroughs while retaining its corpo- four, six 1-month intervals. Issue no. 1 rate structure, business operations, and appeared in August 1980. A three-issue management. subscription is available from the publisher for $72. Reference Journal A new quarterly journal, The Reference Pergamon Signs Accord with USSR Librarian is scheduled to appear Fall 1981. Pergamon Press has concluded a 10-year Edited by Bill Katz, the journal will follow a agreement for joint cooperation with the thematic approach, focusing on single-issue State Committee of the USSR Council of coverage of such topics as home information Ministers for Science and Technology. The services, AACR-2, marketing, online ser- accord, signed in Moscow, guarantees the vices, and new trends in reference service. compilation, production, and exclusive dis- Subscriptions cost $35 per volume. Order tribution by Pergamon of modern English- from The Haworth Press, Inc., 149 Fifth language abstract services and online Avenue, New York 10010. Canadian orders, databases in science, technology and engi- add $6; outside the U.S. and Canada, add neering. $15. New Masters Program The School of Information Studies at Research Competition Syracuse University has inaugurated a new The Library Research Round Table of the Master of Science program in Information American Library Association is offering a Resources Management. The 54-credit, two- $500 award for the best research paper year program is built around three core representing completed research not pre- areas with nine required credits in each viously published. The deadline for submit- area. For further information, write: IRM ting entries is Apr 1, 1981. All entries must Program, School of Information Studies, be related to library and information science Syracuse University, 113 Euclid Ave., Syra- and must not exceed 75 pages. For further cuse, N.Y. 13210 (315/423-2911). information, contact Joe Hewitt, Wilson Library, 024, University of North Carolina, Online Services Training Center Chapel Hill, N.C. 27514 (9191966-2476). Online Review has opened a training center in London, designed to offer NCLIS Nominees Confirmed purpose-built training for online database On September 23, the Senate confirmed access services. The center is equipped with three members of NCLIS for five-year projectors, terminals, monitors, telephones, terms. The three Commissioners are: and moderns for short courses with enroll- Charles Benton, chairman, NCLIS; Gordon ment of 6-18 persons. Predicasts, Lockheed M. Armbach, president, University of the Dialog, SDC, and other major potential State of New York and Commissioner of users have promised support to ensure the Education; and Paulette H. Holahan, chair- success of the new facility. december 1980 PUBS

(80-058) Directory of Health Science Libraries in nals, catalogs, state and provincial publications, the United States, 1979. Health Science Informa- and U.S. government documents, plus a list of tion Series, v.3. Alan M. Rees and Susan Craw- out-of-print book dealers. Many items are free or ford, eds. Cleveland, Ohio, The Cleveland Health inexpensive. Available by mail order for $3.75 Sciences Library of Case Western Reserve Univer- each or $3.50 each when ordering 25 copies or sity, 1980. more from the SLA Sierra Nevada Chapter, c/o Contains alphabetical listings of libraries by state Wayne Waller, 533 40th Street, ~acramenio,Calif. and city. Each entry includes the name of the 95819. All orders must be prepaid. library director, type of sponsoring organization, number of staff, and holdings. (80-063) On-Line Bibliographic Search Services, SPEC Kit No. 62, March 1980. Washington, D.C., (80-059) Problems in Bibliographic Access to SPEC, Office of Management Studies, 1980. ISSN Non-Print MaterialsIProject Media Base: Final 0160-3582 Report, October 1979. Washington, D.C., Na- Examines the current state of online services tional Commission on Libraries and Information based on the experiences of ARL members. The Science, 1979.85~.LC79-16600. survey results include eight reports on activities Presents the background and findings of a joint and costs plus six examples of user and training study conducted by NCLIS and AECT (Associa- materials. Available for $7.50 to ARL members tion for Educational Communications and Tech- and SPEC subscribers, $15.00 to all others; prepay- nology) on the feasibility of developing a ment required. Order from: SPEC, Office of national network of audiovisual Studies, I527 New Hampshire Ave., resources. Includes a user needs assessment, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036. inventory of audiovisual systems, functional specifications for a national network, and recom- (80-064) The Impact of a Paperless Society on the mendations. For sale by the Superintendent of Research Library of the Future: A Report to the Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. National Science Foundation Division of Infor- When ordering, specify the stock number: 052- mation Science and Technology. F. W. Lancaster, 003-00714-2. Laura Drasgow, and Ellen Marks. Urbana, Illinois, Library Research Center, Graduate School of (80-060) The Directory of Directories: An Anno- Library Science, University of Illinois, 1980. tated Guide to Business and Industrial Directo- 218p., spiral bound. ries, Professional and Scientific Rosters, and Examines forecasts of future technological devel- Other Lists and Guides of All Kinds. First opments as they apply to libraries. Contains the edition. James M. Ethridge and Cecilia Ann results of the Delphi-Study and the questionnaire Marlow, eds. Information Enterprises, 1980. xxi, used in that study. References and a supplemen- 722 p. ISBN 0-8103-027-5. tary bibliography are included as well. Available Contains three sections: the directory, a title through NTIS. index, and a subject index. The directory is divided into 15 subjects. In addition to alphabeti- (80-065) Gifts and Exchange Manual. Alfred H. cal arrangement by title, entries are numbered Lane. Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press, 1980. serially and entry numbers are cited in the 136 pp., illus. $15.00. LC79-7590; ISBN 0-313- indexes. 21389-5. A "how to" approach to establishing exchange (80-061) Index on Censorship. v.9(no.4) (Aug agreements, keeping records, soliciting gifts and 1980). declining them, getting estimates and appraisals, Articles, reports, and reviews of books on the and selling unwanted materials. The appendix problem of censorship and the dissident move- includes guidelines on IRS deductions, a ment in the U.S.S.R. Both individual articles and geographical list of appraisers, and sample forms back issues of the Index may be purchased. For a for gifts and exchange work. complete list, write to: Index on Censorship, 21 Russell St., Covent Garden, London WC2B 5HP, (80-066) Cataloging and Classification of Non- U.K. The cost per article is $1.00 including Western Material: Concerns, Issues and Prac- postage; complete issues cost $3.00. tices. Mohammed M. Aman, ed. $18.50. LC80- 16725; ISBN 0-912700-06-8. in (80-062) Gold and Silver Prospecting A survey of cataloging and classification methods Print. Mary B. Ansari, comp. Special Libraries in ~f~i~~~,chinese, japanese, Indian, and mid- Association, Sierra Nevada Chapter, 1980. iv, 20~. ~~~t~~~libraries with commentary, byz librarians Bibliographic listings of nearly 200 books, jour- who specialize in these collections.

special libraries Instructions for Contributors Manuscripts Organize your material carefully. putting the General Information significance of your paper or a statement of the problem first, and supporting details and arguments second. Special Libraries publishes material on all important Make sure that the significance of your paper will be ap- subject areas and on all methods and techniques for parent to readers outside your immediate field of in- "Putting Knowledge to Work." New and developing areas terest. Avoid overly specialized jargon. Readers will skip of librarianship, information science, and information a paper which they do not understand. technology are sought. Informative papers on the ad- For each proposed paper. one original and three ministration, organlzation and operation of special Ii- copies (in English only) should be mailed to the Editor. brariee and information centers are solicited. Scholarly Special Libraries, 235 Park Avenue South. New York reports of research in librarianship, documentation, 10003. The manuscript should be mailed flat in an en- education, and information science and technology are velope of suitable size. Graphic materials should be appropriate contributions. Annotated bibliographies subm~ttedwith appropriate cardboard backing or other and bibliographic essays, discussions, and opinions stiffenmg materials. that are intended to be authoritative or that reflect original research are also published. Professional stan- dards, salary information, education, recruitment and Style. Follow a good general style manual. The University of Chicago Press Manual of Style, the style public relations are other representative subjects for inclusion. Controversy is not shunned. manual of the American lnstitute of Physics. along with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Stan- As the official journal of the Associat~on,Special Li- dard 239.16- 1972. among others. are appropriate. braries also publ~shes reports of business of the Format. All contributions should be typewritten on Association and its subunits, as well as news of ~ts white bond paper on one side only. leaving 1.25 mches members and for its members. (or 3 cm) of space around all margins of standard, letter- Contributions are solicited from both members and nonmembers. All papers submitted are considered for size 18.5 In. x 11 in:) paper. Double spacing must be publication. Papers are accepted with the understanding used throughout. including the title page. tables. leg- that they have not been publ~shed.submitted, or ac- ends. and references. The first page of the manuscript should carry both the first and last names of all authors. cepted for publication elsewhere. Special Libraries em- the institutions or organizations with which the authors ploys a rewewing procedure in which manuscripts are were affiliated at the time the work was done (present sent to two or three reviewers for comment. When all affiliation. ~f different. should be noted in a footnote), comments have been received. authors will be notified and a notation as to which author should receive the of acceptance. rejection, or need for revision of their galleys for proofreading. All succeeding pages should manuscrlpts. The review procedure will usually require a minimum of eight weeks. carry the number of the page in the upper right-hand corner. Title. Begin the title with a word useful in indexing Types of Contributions. Three types of original and mformation retrieval. The title should be as brief, contribut~onsare consldered for publication: full-length specific, and descriptive as possible. articles. brief reports or communications, and letters to Abstract. An informative abstract of 100 words or the editor. New monographs and significant report less must be included for full-length articles. The publicat~ons relatmg specifically to library and In- abstract should amplify the title but should not repeat formation science are consldered for cr~t~calrevlew. the title or phrases in it. Qualihing words for terms used Annotations of the per~odical literature as well as In the title may be used. However. the abstract should annotattons of new monographs and reports are be complete in itself without reference to the paper or published-especially those with particular pertinence the literature cited. The abstract should be typed with for spec~allibraries and information centers. double spacmg on a separate sheet. Editing. Manuscripts are ed~ted primarily to Acknowledgments. Credits for financial support. improve the effectiveness of communication between for rnater~alsand technical assistance or advice may be the author and h~sreaders. The most important goal is cited in a section headed "Acknowledgments." which to ehminate ambiguities. In addit~on.improved sentence should appear at the end of the text or as a footnote on structure often permlts the readers to absorb salient the first page. General use of footnotes in the text ideas more readily. If extensive editmg is indicated by should be avo~ded. reviewers. wlth consequent poss~bilityof altered mean- lllustrations. Finished artwork must be submitted ings. manuscrlpts are returned to the author for cor- to Special Libraries. Follow the style in current issues for rection and approval before type is set. Authors can layout and type faces in tables and figures. A table or make add~tionalchanges at this stage w~thoutincurring figure should be constructed so as to be completely in- any prmters' charges. tell~g~blew~thout further reference to the text. Lengthy Proofs. Authors recelve galley proofs with a tabulations of essentially similar data should be avoided. maximum five-day allowance for corrections. One set of Figures should be lettered in lndia ink. Charts drawn galley proofs or an equivalent is provided for each paper. in lndia ink should be so executed throughout, with no Corrections must be marked on the galley, not on the typewritten material included. Letters and numbers ap- manuscript. At th~sstage authors must keep alterations pearing in figures should be distinct and large enough so to a minimum: extensive author alterations will be that no character will be less than 2 mm high after re- charged to the author. Extensive alterations may also duction. A line 0.4 mm wide reproduces satisfactorily delay publication by several issues of the journal. when reduced by one-half. Most figures should be redu- cible to 15 picas (2.49 in.) in width. Graphs, charts, and References to books should be in the order: authors. photographs should be given consecutive figure num- title, city, publisher, year, pagination. bers as they will appear in the text. F~gurenumbers and legends should not appear as part of the figure. but Brown, Able / Information at Work. New York. should be typed double spaced on a separate sheet of Abracadabra Press. 1909. 248p. paper. Each figure should be marked lightly on the back Andrei. M. et al. / The History of Athens. The His- with the figure number. author's name. complete ad- tory of Ancient Greece. 10v. New York, Harwood dress, and shortened title of the paper. Press, 1850. 1,000p. For figures. the originals with three clearly legible re- productions (to be sent to reviewers) should accompany Samples of references to other types of publications the manuscript. In the case of photographs, four glossy follow. prints are required. preferably 8 in. X 10 in. References and Notes. Number all references to Ch~sholm.L. J. / "Units of Weights and Measure.'' the literature and notes in a single sequence in the order National Bureau of Standards. Misc. Publ. 286. in which they are cited in the text. Cite all references C13.10:286. 1967. and notes but do not insert reference numbers in titles Whitney. Eli (to Assignee). U.S. patent number (date). or abstracts.

Accuracy and adequacy of the references are the Full-Length Articles responsibihty of the author. Therefore, literature c~ted Art~clesmay range in length from about 1.000 words should be checked carefully with the original publica- to a maximum of 5.000 words (up to 20 typed double tions. References to personal letters, abstracts of oral spaced rnanuscrlpt pages). Prov~dea t~tleof one or two reports, and other uned~tedmaterial may be ~ncluded. lines of up to 35 characters plus spaces per line. However. the author should secure approval, in writlng. Insert subheads at appropriate places in the text, av- from anyone cited as a source of an unpublished work. eragmg about one subhead for each two manuscrlpt Be sure to provide full details on how such material may pages. Keep the subheads short (up to 35 characters be obtained by others. plus spaces). Do not use more than one degree of sub- References to periodicals should be in the order: heads in an article. Provtde a summary at the end of the authors. article title, unabbreviated journal name. art~cle. volume number, issue number, inclusive paginatlon, and Write a brief author note, and lnclude posltion title date of publication. and address. In the author note. ~ncludeinformation Smlth. John and Virginia Dare / Special Librarian- concerning meetings, symposia, etc., where the paper sh~pin Act~on.Special Libraries 59 (no 10): 1241- may have been presented orally. Also submit recent 1243 (Dec 19681. glossy black-and-white photographs of the authors. Sm~th. John J. 1 The Library of Tomorrow. In Proceedings of the 34th Session, International Li- Brief Communications braries Institute, city, year. 2v. c~ty,press, year published. Short reports or communications will usually be less Featherly. W. / Steps in Preparing a Metrification than 1,000 words in length (up to 4 typed double- Program in a Company. ASME Paper 72-DE-12 pre- spaced manuscript pages). List the authors on the last sented at the Des~gnEngineering conference and page of the text in the form of a signature and ~ncludea Show. Chicago. Ill.. May 8-1 1. 1972. simple mailing address

special libraries EUROPEAN BOOK CONNECTION D&N (USA) LIBRARY SERVICES INC. is a divi- and Far Easts, Russia and the Slavic coun- sion of Dekker & Nordemann B.V, of Amster- tries. Orders are processed at our facilities in dam, Holland, modern and Shannon, Ireland - D&N ant~quar~anbooksellers and (IRE) Ltd -with the support subscr~pt~onagents to I~br- system of an IBM S34 com- arles world-wlde for over 50 puter at the home off~ce~n years D&N speclal~zes~n Amsterdam To reduce de- publ~cat~ons~nsclence and llvery tlme and keep han- technology, englneerlng, dling charges to a mlnl- medlclne, economics and mum, consol~dateda~r bus~ness,and the human- fre~ghtsh~pments are made ltles Through ~tsofflces In to the U S on a regular Ph~ladelph~a,D&N offers schedule lnvolces are ~n U S customers fast, reliable dollars, payable to our bank and compet~tivelypr~ced / in New York L~brarlesof all acquisitions from virtually every publisher in kinds will find D&N's US. office an ideal Europe, the U.K . Scandinavia, the Middle source for all European publications.

THE BOOK DEPARTMENT shipments of European periodicals, including a D&N (USA), working in cooperation with the Shan- check-in service. can be arranged through our non office, ~rovidestimely and com~rehensive Shannon facilities. information 'on new and forthcoming European books. monographs and series in the many fields THE ANTIQUARIAN DEPARTMENT of customer interest. Orders are checked against Since 1974. D&N's Antiquarian Department has current bibliographies and catalogues to ensure held a respected position in the field, furnishing correct point-of-purchase,and hard-to-find pub- libraries with out of print, old and rare books and lications of all kinds are searched to their outlet. journals, and complete collections in many sub- Claims are made at regular intervals and custom- ject areas. If publicationsare not readily available ers advised of order status. in our inventory.D&N will initiate a search and offer them when found. THE SUBSCRIPTION DEPARTMENT D&N [USA)'s long experience with and profes- PRICING POLICY sional knowledge of subscriptions, joined with the It is D&N (USA)'s pricing policy to sell as close as efficiency of computer technology, provide li- possible to the European publishers' list prices, de- braries with journals in a wide range of subjects. pending on quantity ordered and discount condi- Journals are sent direct via sea mail or, with an tions. Whenever possible. prices reflect discount extra charge, by air mail. Consolidated air freight benefits to the customer. For further information please call or write: D&N (USA) LIBRARY SERVICES INC.-Specialists For Specialists 48 East Chestnut Hill Ave. Phila., Pa.19118 Tel: 215-242-4484 TWX: 710-670-1327 A Division of Dekker & Nordemann B.V.-An Elsevier Company december 1980 551 TO YOUR LIBRARY.

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Special libraries have long played an active role in library cooperation and resource sharing. Yet the special library community has not partici- pated, to the extent that it should, in formal networks. For this reason, a Conference on the Special Library Role in Networks was held May 5-6, 1980, at the General Motors Research Laboratories. Warren, Mich. The conferees discussed the current state of networking and attempted to formulate a cohesive, creative approach to special library involvement in network participation and management. This volume contains the proceedings of the conference, along with transcripts of the taped discussions that followed the presentation of papers. It is divided into four parts: Session I, moderated by Lorraine Kulpa, General Motors Legal Staff; Session II, moderated by Mark H. Baer, Hewlett-Packard Co.; Session Ill, moderated by Aphrodite Mamoulides, Shell Development Co.; and Session IV, moderated by George H. Ginader, Morgan Stanley B Co. Shirley Echelman, Medical Library Association, Inc., presented the conference wrap-up. A listing of the names and affiliation of the distinguished participants who added so much to the success of the conference is also included.

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560 special libraries SPECIAL LIBRARIES INDEX Volume 71 Jan-Dec 1980

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n indicates a news item

A ALA. See American Library Association Representative, 448; Sectional Committee 239 ANSI. See American National Standards Institute on Library and Information Science and ASIS. See American Society for Information Related Publishing Practices, Report of SLA Science Representative, 449; Sectional Committee 285 Academic Libraries. See University Libraries on Standardization of Library Supplies and Acquisitions. Managing a Report Collection for Equipment, Report of SLA Representative, 449 Zero Growth, Wilda B. Newman, 276; see also American Society for Information Science, 238; Collection Development Report of SLA Representative, 449 Administration. See Management Anderson, Beryl L., n 498 Ahrensfeld, Janet L. See Christianson, Elin Appel, Marsha C., n 366 Alabama Chapter, n 242, n 497, n 543 The Applicability of OCLC and Inforonics in Alaska Library Association, AkLA 20th Annual Special Libraries, C. Margaret Bell, 398 Conference, 330 Arizona Chapter, n 242 Alberta Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Commission Asbury, Herbert 0.See Jensen, Rebecca J. Library. A User Study of the Alberta Alcohol- Ashworth, Wilfred, Special Librarianship, book ism and Drug Abuse Commission Library, Bette review by Miriam Tees, 468 Groves and Charles H. Davis, 22; see also Mary Association of American Publishers/Special Li- M. Howrey (letter), 7A (Aug), and Bette Groves braries Association, Joint Committee. Report, and Charles H. Davis (letter), 7A (Aug) 445 Alfred, Carol B., n 365 Association Office Operations Committee. Re- American Association of Law Libraries. Report of port, 438 SLA Representative, 445 Atlanta Conference (1981). Call for Participation, American Library Association. Government Doc- 315 uments Round Table, 47; Robert Lane (letter), Audiovisual Materials. See Nonprint Materials 11A (Apr); Joseph M. Dagnese (letter), 11A Automatic Publishing of Library Bulletins, Moshe (Apr); Government Documents Round Table, Inbal, 222 Report of SLA Representative, 446; Library Automating the Vertical File Index, Eileen F. Administration Division, Library Organization Bator, 485 & Management Section, Statistics Coordinating Automation, n 51; Metropolitan Transportation Committee, Report of SLA Representative, 446; Commission's Automated Data Library, Dian Reference and Adult Services Division, Interli- Gillmar, 139; The Use of SPEAKEASY Interac- brary Loan Committee, Report of SLA Repre- tive Language for Information Science Educa- sentative, 447; Resources and Technical Ser- tion, Steven Seokho Chweh, 247; A Model vices Division, Cataloging and Classification Automated Resource File for an Information Section, Committee on Cataloging, Report of and Referral Center, Loretta K. Mershon, 335; SLA Representative, 447 Managing Revolutions: Coping with Evolving American National Standards Institute, 47; 240; Information Technologies, Patricia Wilson Sectional Committee 239 on Library Work, Berger, 386; The Use of Word Processing Equip- Documentation, and Related Publishing Prac- ment for Information Centers, Lynda W. Moul- tices, Finance Committee, SLA Representative, ton, 492; see also Bibliographic Utilities 429; Sectional Committee PH5 on Micrographic Avedon, Don M., book review by, 289 Reproduction of Documents, Report of SLA Awards Committee. Report, 438 december 1980 Axelrod, C. W., Computer Effectiveness: Bridging the Practice and Implementation. Report of SLA ManagementlTechnology Gap, book review by Representative, 452 F. W. Lancaster, 245 CONSER Advisory Group. Report of SLA Repre- sentative, 451 Calendar. See Coming Events Baltimore Chapter, n 242, n 497, n 543 Calkins, Mary L., n 134 Basch, N. Bernard (Buzzy), book review by, 506 Canadian Association of Special Libraries and Bator, Eileen F., Automating the Vertical File Information Services. SLA Representative, 429 Index, 485 Canadian Library Association. Report of SLA Bauer, Charles K., Managing Management, 204 Representative, 450 Becker, Barbara K., 38 Cappeto, Marcia, n 365 Beinbrech, Pauline C., n 365 Carroll, Kenneth D., obit. 321 Bell, C. Margaret, The Applicability of OCLC and Casellas, Elizabeth, n 135 Inforonics in Special Libraries, 398 Cataloging, 240; see also Bibliographic Utilities Bender, David R., Government Relations Update, Catholic Library Association. Report of SLA 183; Dollars and Sense (editorial), 5A (Apr); n Representative, 450 366; Report from the Executive Director, 421 Celli, John P., Special Libraries of the Kingdom of Berger, Mary C., n 134 Saudi Arabia, 358 Berger, Patricia Wilson, 40; Federal Data Banks as Central Ohio Chapter, n 497 Potential Information Resources to Meet the Central Pennsylvania Provisional Chapter, 239, n Needs of Local Communities, 77; Managing 327, n 543 Revolutions: Coping with Evolving Informa- Chapters & Divisions, 50, 133, 242, 327, 461, 497, tion Technologies, 386; n 498 543 Bernice P. Bishop Museum. See The Pacific Scien- Chasen, Larry, An On-Line System With the tific Information Center Department of Defense, 13 Bibliographic Utilities. The Applicability of A Checklist of Music Bibliographies and Indexes rn OCLC and Inforonics in Special Libraries, C. Progress and Unpublished, n 333 Margaret Bell, 398; Comparing the Biblio- Chemical Information. The Use of an On-Line graphic Utilities for Special Librarians, James Bibliographic Search Service in Chemistry, K. Webster and Carolyn L. Warden, 519 Sharon Selman and Marcia J. Myers, 270 Bichteler, Julie, 39 Chen, Ching-Chih, Quantitative Measurement and Birschel, Dee Baltzer, n 134 Dynamic Library Service, book review by Scott Birula, Kay, Planning a Branch Library, 300; see Kennedy, 330; n 366 also Masse Bloomfield (letter) 7A (Nov); Chevron Oil Field Research Company. From the Author's Reply (letter), 7A (Nov) Research Laboratory to the Operating Compa- Bloomfield, Masse, Faulty Planning (letter), 7A ny: How Information Travels, A. S. Coppin and L. L. Palmer, 303 (Nov) Boaz, Martha, PRESTEL and the Trend Toward Christianson, Elin B., Feedback on the SpeciaList Personal Computers, 310; book review by, 467 (letter), 7A (Dec) Book Covers, n 507 Christianson, Elin, and Ahrensfeld, Janet L., Book Reviews. See Reviews Toward a Better Understanding of New Special Boorstin, Daniel J., Remarks by Daniel J. Boorstin, Libraries, 146 Librarian of Congress, at the WHCLIS, 113 Church and Synagogue Library Association, 240 Bradley, Albert P., n 134 Chweh, Steven Seokho, The Use of SPEAKEASY Branch Libraries. Planning a Branch Library, Kay Interactive Language for Information Science Birula, 300; see also Masse Bloomfield (letter), Education, 247 7A (Nov), and Kay Birula (letter), 7A (Nov) Cincinnati Chapter, n 242, n 544 Brouwer, Tine, n 365 Cine Film, n 508 Brown, Maryann Kevin, Library Data, Statistics, Ciolli, Antoinette, n 366 and Information: Progress Toward Comparabil- Ciosek, Jane P., n 134 ity, 475 City Documents. See Local Documents Buddington, William S., n 365 Classification, n 51 Budgets. Zero Base Budgeting in a University Clausen, Nancy, n 134 Library, Elise Hayton, 169 Cleveland Chapter, n 242 Business Librarians. Moving Up: Librarians Who Cohen, Aaron and Elaine, Designing and Space Have Become Officers of Their Organizations, Planning for Libraries: A Behavioral Guide, book John Kok and Edward G. Strable, 5 review by Ellis Mount, 331 Business Libraries. Zero Base Budgeting in a Cohen, Elaine. See Cohen, Aaron University Library, Elise Hayton, 169 Cole, Maud, 462 Bylaws Committee. Report, 438 Collection Development. Commentary on Col- lecting the Elusive Local Document, Kathleen E. Gardiser, 234 Collins, George M., n 365 CLENE. See Continuing Library Education Net- The Columbia Conference on the Two-Year work & Exchange Master's Programs, March 13-14, 1980: A CNLIA Ad Hoc Committee on Copyright Law Summary, James M. Matarazzo, 368 special libraries Coming Events, 137,287,367 11A (Apr); Politics and Information, 199; see also Committee on Committees, 428; Report, 438 Is Tension Inevitable Between SLA and Asso- Communication. From the Research Laboratory to ciated Information Managers? Roberta J. Gard- the Operating Company: How Information ner, 373; The Realities of the 80s-Challenging Travels, A. S. Coppin and L. L. Palmer, 303; SLA (President's Report 1979/80), 414 PRESTEL and the Trend Toward Personal Daniells, Lorna M., n 365 Computers, Martha Boaz, 310 Data Banks, n 333 Comparing the Bibliographic Utilities for Special Data Base Development: Federal Programs, Doro- Librarians, James K. Webster and Carolyn L. thy A. Fisk and Todd D. Weiss, 217 Warden, 519 Database Users: Their Opinions and Needs, Computerized Searching. See On-Line Searching Nolan F. Pope, 265 Computers. PRESTEL and the Trend Toward Davis, Charles H. See Groves, Bette Personal Computers, Martha Boaz, 310; see also Davis, Charles H., and Rush, James E., Guide to Automation and Programming Information Science, book review by Audrey N. Conferences. See Washington D.C. Conference Grosch, 371; see also Charles H. Davis (letter), (1980), Atlanta Conference (1981), and Detroit 7A (Dec) Conference (1982) Davis, Jacqueline B., n 498 Connecticut Valley Chapter, n 242, n 544 Defense Documentation Center. An On-Line Conservation of Library Materials. Preventative System With the Department of Defense, Larry Conservation for Map Collections, Betty Kidd, Chasen, 13 529 Demarest, Rosemary, 284,436 Consultation Service Committee, 428 Dennis, Deborah Ellis, n 135 Continuing Education, 45; Aniela Lichtenstein Depository Library Council to the Public Printer. (letter), 7A (Feb); The Special Library as a Report of SLA Representative, 452 Resource to Meet the Needs of Local Communi- Desoer, Jacqueline J., 42 ties, Vivian D. Hewitt, 73; Basic/Continuing Detroit Conference (1982), 427 Education Curricula and Information Technol- Disadvantaged. Special Services at the State ogy, Mary Frances Hoban, 88; 424 Agency Level for Special Constituencies, 83 Continuing Library Education Network & Ex- Divilbiss, J. L., book review by, 56 change (CLENE). Report of SLA Representa- Documentation Abstracts. SLA Representative, tive, 451 429 Cooper, Marianne, n 498 Dodd, James B., A Tribute to Kenneth D. Carroll, Coplen, Ron, 462 321; 406; Strategy for Change, 408 Coppin, A. S., and Palmer, L. L., From the Drake, Miriam A,, The Environment for Special Research Laboratory to the Operating Compa- Libraries in the 1980s. 509 ny: How Information Travels, 303 Drasgow, Laura S., n 498 Copyrights, 184; Update on Library Photocopying Drazniowsky, Roman, n 134 (SLA position), 322; 326 Drug Dependence and Abuse, n 51 Corley, Pamela M., n 365 Duvally, Charlotte, n 134 Costs. Ginette Polak (letter), 7A (Feb); Herbert S. Dysart, Jane I., 41 White (letter), 7A (Feb) Costs and Benefits to Industry of Online Litera- ture Searches, Rebecca J. Jensen, Herbert 0. Asbury, and Radford G. King, 291 Council of National Library and Information Eastern Canada Chapter, n 242, n 497 Associations, 240; Report of SLA Representa- Eddison, Elizabeth Bole, n 498 tive, 451 Editorial, 5A (Jan), 5A (Feb), 5A (Mar), 5A (Apr) Country Music Foundation Library and Media Education Committee, 45; 239; 428; Report, 438 Center, n 333 Education for Librarianship. Aniela Lichtenstein County Documents. See Local Documents (letter), 7A (Feb); The Use of SPEAKEASY Crenshaw, Tena L., 42 Interactive Language for Information Science Criner, Kathleen, and Johnson-Hall, Martha, Education, Steven Seokho Chweh, 247; The Videotex: Threat or Opportunity, 379 Columbia Conference on the Two-Year Mas- Crisp, Joan G., n 365 ter's Programs, March 13-14,1980: A Summary, Cruse, Jim, Wrong Address (letter), 7A (Dec) James M. Matarazzo, 368; see also Continuing Cuddihy, Robert V., Freedom of Information Act: Education Exceptional Opportunity for the Special Librar- Ellis, Aileen, obit. 462 ian. 163 Elman, Stanley A., Redemocratizing SLA (letter), Culbertson, Don Stewart, obit. 462 8A (Nov) Engineering Information, n 333 The Environment for Special Libraries in the 1980s, Miriam A. Drake, 509 DDC. See Defense Documentation Center Errata, 138, 182,542 Dagnese, J. M., You Bet It Is! (editorial), 5A (Feb); Evaluation. Factors Affecting the Comparison of A Coordinating Locus for Library and Informa- Special Libraries, James H. Schwartz, 1 tion Service Programs, 103; Curious (letter), Evans, Renee, n 365 december 1980 General Electric Space and RESD Library. An Factors Affecting the Comparison of Special On-Line System With the Department of Libraries, James H. Schwartz, 1 Defense, Larry Chasen, 13 Fasana, Paul J. See Malinconico, S. Michael Geography and Map Division. Robert Lane (let- Federal Libraries. The Special Information Re- ter), 11A (Apr); Joseph M. Dagnese (letter), 11A sources of Federal Libraries and National Docu- (Apr); Honors Award, 462 mentation Centers to Meet the Needs of Local Georgi, Charlotte, n 366, n 498 Communities, Gladysann Wells, 75; Federal Gibbons, Rudolph W. See Husack, Glen A. Data Banks as Potential Information Resources Gibson, Robert W., Jr., and Kunkel, Barbara K., to Meet the Needs of Local Communities, Patri- Japanese Information Network and Biblio- cia W. Berger, 77 graphic Control: Scientific and Technical Liter- Federal Library Committee. Report of SLA Guest ature, 154 Observer, 453 Gibson, Sarah S., n 134 Felicetti, Barbara Whyte, n 366 Gillmar, Dian, Metropolitan Transportation Com- Fellowships and Scholarships, 47 mission's Automated Data Library, 139 Fenichel, Carol Hansen, n 498 Gilman, Nelson J., n 135 Finance Committee. Report, 439 Ginader, George H., 37 Fisk, Dorothy A,, n 498 Glunz, Diane L., n 134 Fisk, Dorothy A., and Weiss, Todd D., Data Base Gordon, Lucille, Feedback on the SpeciaList (let- Development: Federal Programs, 217 ter), 7A (Dec) Florida Regional Library for the Blind and Physi- Government Activities Clearing House, 426 cally Handicapped. The Use of Mobile Storage Government Documents, 47; Title 44 Revision, Systems in Talking Book Libraries for the Blind, Paula M. Strain, 55; Freedom of Information 501 Act: Exceptional Opportunity for the Special Florida State University. The Use of an On-Line Librarian, Robert V. Cuddihy, 163; see also Local Bibliographic Search Service in Chemistry, Documents and Technical Reports Sharon Selman and Marcia J. Myers, 270 Government Information Policies, 426 Food, Agriculture, and Nutrition Inventory. Data Government Information Services Committee, 47; Base Development: Federal Programs, Dorothy 55; 428; Report, 439 A. Fisk and Todd D. Weiss, 217 Government Legislation. Strengthen Existing Force, Ronald W., n 134 Statewide Resources and Systems, Irving Foster, Barbara, The Author's Reply (letter), 7A Klempner, 84; Streamlining Federal Legislation Affecting Library and Information Service (Jan) Frank, Bernice, n 498 Programs, Alphonse F. Trezza, 92; 424 Frappier, M. Gilles, n 134 Government Libraries. See Federal Libraries and Freedman, Maurice J., and Malinconico, Michael, State Libraries eds., The Nature and Future of the Catalog, book Government Relations, 47 review by Candy Schwartz, 466 Government Relations Update, David R. Bender, Freedom of Information Act: Exceptional Oppor- 183 tunity for the Special Librarian, Robert V. Grayon, Virginia S., n 365 Cuddihy, I63 Gregory, Rona, n 134 Freyschlag, Elizabeth K., Picture Postcards: Orga- Griffin, Lilian, New Zealand Map Collections, 30 nizing a Collection, 258 Grosch, Audrey N., Minicomputers in Libraries Fridley, Bonnie, n 134 197980, book review by J. L. Divilbiss, 56; book From the Research Laboratory to the Operating reviews by, 371,467 Company: How Information Travels, A. S. Groves, Bette, and Davis, Charles H., A User Coppin and L. L. Palmer, 303 Study of the Alberta Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Commission Library, 22; see also Mary M. Howrey (letter), 7A (Aug); Authors' Reply (let- ter), 7A (Aug) Guides. 182 Galvin, Thomas J. See Kent, Allen Gardiser, Kathleen E., Commentary on Collecting the Elusive Local Document, 234 Gardner, Roberta J., Is Tension Inevitable Hall, Sandra K., 43 Between SLA and Associated Information Man- Hammond, Theresa, Feedback on the SpeciaList agers? 373 (letter), 7A (Dec) Garfield, Eugene, n 366 Handicapped. Special Services at the State Garrett, Sarah (Sally), n 498 Agency Level for Special Constituencies, 83 Gates, Francis, n 498 Have You Heard? 51,333,547 General Accounting Office. See US. General Have You Seen? 465,507 Accounting Office Hayton, Elise, Zero Base Budgeting in a Univer- General Electric Research & Development Center, sity Library, 169 Whitney Library. The Applicability of OCLC Heart of America Chapter, n 242 and Inforonics in Special Libraries, C. Margaret Helgeson, Duane M., n 365 Bell, 398 Hernandez, Carole, n 365 special libraries Hess, Stanley W., n 498 Section, Report of SLA Representative, 456; Hewitt, Vivian D., The Special Library as a Astronomical and Geophysical Libraries Round Resource to Meet the Needs of Local Communi- Table, Report of SLA Representative, 456; ties, 73; n 134 Music Librarians Round Table, Report of SLA Higher Education Act, 185 Representative, 456 Hill, Sara, Network Development and Gover- Is Tension Inevitable Between SLA and Asso- nance, 108 ciated Information Managers? Roberta J. Hlava, Marjorie M. K., w 366 Gardner, 373 Hoban, Mary Frances, BasicIContinuing Educa- tion Curricula and , 88 Howrey, Mary M., User Study Analysis (letter), Jacobs, Roger F., n 498 7'4 (Aug) Japanese Information Network and Bibliographic Husack, Glen A,, and Gibbons, Rudolph W., A Control: Scientific and Technical Literature, Do-It-Yourself Feasibility Study: New Manufactur- Robert W. Gibson, Jr. and Barbara K. Kunkel, ing Ventures and A Do-lt-Yourself Feasibility 154 Study: New Retail Ventures, book review by Javitz, Romana, obit. 462 Nancy Leclerc, 332 Jensen, Rebecca J., Asbury, Herbert O., and King, Radford G., Costs and P2nefits to Industry of Online Literature Searc'les, 291 IFLA. See International Federation of Library Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Labo- Associations and Institutions ratory. Managing a Report Collection for Zero IIA. See lnformation Industry Association Growth, Wilda B. Newman, 276 Illinois Chapter, n 497, n 544 Johnson-Hall, Martha. See Criner, Kathleen Illustre, Aurorita, n 134 Jones, H. G., Local Government Records: An Intro- In Memoriam, 321,462 duction to Their Management, Preservation and Inbal, Moshe, Automatic Publishing of Library Use, book review by Jean T. Kadooka-Mardfin, Bulletins, 222 37 1 Indexing. Automating the Vertical File Index, Jones, Virginia Lacy, n 134 Eileen F. Bator, 485 Journals. See Serials Industrial Information. Costs and Benefits to Industry of Online Literature Searches, Rebecca J. Jensen, Herbert 0. Asbury, and Radford G. Kadooka-Mardfin, Jean T., book review by, 371 King, 291; n 333 Karr, Dianne N., n 498 Information. Remarks by Daniel J. Boorstin, Kasman, Dorothy, Treasurer's Report 1979/80, Librarian of Congress, at the White House 417 Conference on Library and Information Ser- Kasperko, Jean M., n 135 vices, 113; Politics and Information, Joseph M. Katmandu. SEENepal Dagnese, 199; From the Research Laboratory to Katz, Charles L., obit. 462 the Operating Company: How Information Kavin, Mel, n 498 Travels, A. S. Coppin and L. L. Palmer, 303; Kennedy, Robert A,, n 134 Managing Revolutions: Coping with Evolving Kennedy, Scott, book review by, 330 Information Technologies, Patricia Wilson Kent, Allen, and Galvin, Thomas J., eds., The Berger, 386 Structure and Governance of Library Networks, Information Centers. A Model Automated Re- book review by James K. Webster, 56 source File for an Information and Refeiral Kentucky Chapter, n 544 Center, Loretta K. Mershon, 335; see also Special Khan, Mohammed A. S., n 498 Libraries Kidd, Betty, Preventative Conservation for Map Information Industry Association. Is Tension Collections, 529 Inevitable Between SLA and Associated Infor- Kiersky, Loretta J., book review by, 288 mation Managers? Roberta J. Gardner, 373 King, Radford G. See Jensen, Rebecca J. Information Technology Division. Database Us- Kistler. Winnie, SLA's Winter Meeting (1979), ers: Their Opinions and Needs, Nolan F. Pope, 237 265 Klempner, Irving M., Strengthen Existing State- Inforonics. The Applicability of OCLC and Infor- wide Resources and Systems, 84; 284; 436 onics in Special Libraries, C. Margaret Bell, 398 Knowledge. Remarks by Daniel J. Boorstin, Instructions for Contributors, 549 Librarian of Congress, at the White House Insurance Division, n 497 Conference on Library and Information Ser- Interlibrary Loan. Jim Cruse (letter), 7A (Dec) vices, 113 International Federation of Library Associations Koenig, Michael E. D., n 498 and Institutions. 45th IFLA Congress and Kok, John, "Now That I'm in Charge, What Do I Council Meetings, 187; Actions of the Special Do?" Six Rules About Running a Special Libraries Division of IFLA, 329; Biological and Library for the New Library Manager, 523 Medical Sciences Libraries Section, Report 01' Kok, John, and Strable, Edward G., Moving Up: SLA Representative, 454; Geography and Map Librarians Who Have Become Officers of Their Libraries Section, Report of SLA Representa- Organizations, 5 tive, 456; Science and Technology Libraries Kramer, Dorothy, n 498 decemher 1980 Kunkel, Barbara K. See Gibson, Robert W., Jr. ter and Library. Automatic Publishing of Kurutz, Gary F., n 134 Library Bulletins, Moshe Inbal, 222 McAdams, Nancy, n 543 McClurkin, John B., 11 134 Lancaster, F. W., Toward Paperless Information McCool, Donna Lemon, n 134 Systems, book review by Paula M. Strain, 138; McDonald, Charity E., n 543 book review by, 245; Toward Paperless Inforn~a- McMaster University. Zero Base Budgeting in a tion Systems, book review by on M. ~"edon, University Library, Elise Hayton, 169 289 MacMurray, Gwendolyn, n 134 Landau, Herbert B., n 134 Malinconico, Michael. See Freedman, Maurice J. Lane, Robert B., 38; SLA or ALA (letter), 11A Malinconico, S. Michael, and Fasana, Paul J., The (Apr) Future of the Catalog: the Library's Choices, book Larsgaard, Mary, book review by, 505 review by Phyllis A. Richmond, 505 Laszlo, George A,, Dead Wrong (letter), 8A (Mar) Malinowsky, Harold R., n 543 Leclerc, Nancy, book review by, 332 Management. Ginette Polak (letter), 7A (Feb); Leggett, Mark, n 134, n 543 Herbert S. White (letter), 7A (Feb); Planning a Legislation. See Government Legislation Branch Library, Kay Birula, 300; A User- Letters to the Editor, 6A (Jan), 7A (Feb), 7A (Mar), Oriented Approach to Setting Priorities for 11A (Apr), 7A (Jul), 7A (Aug), 7A (Nov), 7A Library Services, W. Davenport Robertson, 345; (Dee) Masse Bloomfield (letter), 7A (Nov); Kay Birula Lewicky, Georgi I., n 498 (letter), 7A (Nov); Marketing and the Informa- Li, Hong-Chan, n 135 tion Professional: Odd Couple or Meaningful Librarians. See Business Librarians, Map Librar- Relationship? Stanley J. Shapiro, 469; "Now ianship, and Special Librarians That I'm in Charge, What Do 1 Do?" Six Rules Libraries. Library Data, Statistics, and Informa- About Running a Special Library for the New tion: Progress Toward Comparability, Maryann Library Manager, John Kok, 523; Commentary Kevin Brown, 475; see also Branch Libraries, on Improving the Image of the Special Library, Business Libraries, Federal Libraries, Map James H. Schwartz, 540; see ~ISOStaff Develop- Libraries, Special Libraries, State Libraries, ment Transportation Libraries, and University Li- Management of Vendor Services: How to Choose braries an Online Vendor, George R. Plosker and Library Bulletins. Automatic Publishing of Roger K. Summit, 354 Library Bulletins, Moshe Inbal, 222 Managing a Report Collection for Zero Growth, Library Data, Statistics, and Information: Progress Wilda B. Newman, 276 Toward Comparability, Maryann Kevin Brown, Managing Management, Charles K. Bauer, 204 475 Managing Revolutions: Coping with Evolving Library Guides. See Guides Information Technologies, Patricia Wilson , 245 Berger, 386 Library Management. See Management Map Librarianship. Robert Lane (letter), 11A Library Management Division, 46 (Apr); Joseph M. Dagnese (letter), 11A (Apr) Library of Congress. Cataloging in Publication Map Libraries. New Zealand Map Collections, Advisory Group, Report of SLA Representative, Lilian Griffin, 30; The Pacific Scientific Infor- 456; Networking Advisory Committee, Report mation Center: Geographic Emphasis of a of SLA Representative, 457; National Library Pacific Map Collection, Lee S. Motteler, 229; Service for the Blind and Physically Handi- Preventative Conservation for Map Collections, capped, 501 Betty Kidd, 529 Library Research. Library Data, Statistics, and Maps, 11 465 Information: Progress Toward Comparability, Mar, Norma, n 134 Maryann Kevin Brown, 475 Marketing and the Information Professional: Odd Library Schools. See Education for Librarianship Couple or Meaningful Relationship? Stanley J. Lichtenstein, Aniela, Continuing Education (let- Shapiro, 469 ter), 7A (Feb) Marshall, Patricia, Division Cabinet Report 19791 Local Documents. Commentary on Collecting the 80,420 Elusive Local Document, Kathleen E. Gardiser, Martin, Jean K., n 365 234 Matarazzo, James M., The Columbia Conference Lockheed-Georgia Company, Technical Informa- on the Two-Year Master's Programs, March 13- tion Department. Managing Management, 14, 1980: A Summary, 368; n 543 Charles K. Bauer, 204 Medical Information, II 51 Long Island Chapter, n 497 Medical Library Association, 428; Report of SLA Loo, Shirley, n 365 Representative, 457 Lowrie, Jean E., n 543 Members in the News, 134,365,498,543 Lucker, Jay, n 543 Mershon, Loretta K., A Model Automated Resource File for an Information and Referral M Center, 335 MARC, n 51 Metropolitan Transportation Commission's Auto- MBT-Israel Aircraft Industries, Information Cen- mated Data Library, Dian Gillmar, 139 speciul libraries Michigan Chapter, n 50 New York Chapter, n 50, n 327, n 497, n 544 Microforms. Jack Slater (letter), 7A (Mar); Gloria J. New Zealand Map Collections, Lilian Griffin, 30 Zamora (letter), 7A (Mar); n 465 Newman, Wilda B., Managing a Report Collection Mid-Missouri Chapter, n 327 for Zero Growth, 276 Minnesota Chapter, n 50, n 327 Newspaper Division, n 327 A Model Automated Resource File for an Infor- Nominating Committee, 48; 177; 425; Report, 440 mation and Referral Center, Loretta K. Mer- Nonprint Materials. Picture Postcards: Organiz- shon, 335 ing a Collection, Elizabeth K. Freyschlag, 258; Morrell, Stephanie R., Feedback on the SpeciaList The Use of Mobile Storage Systems in Talking (letter), 7A (Dec) Book Libraries for the Blind, 501 Motteler, Lee S., The Pacific Scientific Informa- North Carolina Chapter, n 50, n 327, n 497 tion Center: Geographic Emphasis of a Pacific "Now That I'm in Charge, What Do I Do?" Six Map Collection, 229 Rules About Running a Special Library for the Moulton, Lynda W., The Use of Word Processing New Library Manager, John Kok, 523 Equipment for Information Centers, 492 Mount, Ellis, book review by, 331 Moving Up: Librarians Who Have Become Offi- cers of Their Organizations, John Kok and OCLC. The Applicability of OCLC and Inforonics Edward G. Strable, 5 in Special Libraries, C. Margaret Bell, 398 Mulvihill, John G., n 543 Oklahoma Chapter, n 328 Municipal and Local Documents, n 333 Olympic Library, 53 Municipal Documents. See Local Documents Omaha Area Provisional Chapter, 426 Museums New York, n 333 O'Mahoney, Beth, n 365 Association, n 333; Report of SLA Omanson, Sarah, n 543 Representative, 458 On-Line Searching. An On-Line System With the Myers, Marcia J. See Selman, Sharon Department of Defense, Larry Chasen, 13; Data- base Users: Their Opinions and Needs, Nolan F. Pope, 265; The Use of an On-Line Biblio- NASA Industrial Application Center. Costs and graphic Search Service in Chemistry, Sharon Benefits to Industry of Online Literature Selman and Marcia J. Myers, 270; Costs and Searches, Rebecca J. Jensen, Herbert 0.Asbury, Benefits to Industry of Online Literature and Radford G. King, 291 Searches, Rebecca J. Jensen, Herbert 0.Asbury, National Center for Education Statistics, 426 and Radford G. King, 291; Management of National Commission on the Scientific and Tech- Vendor Senrices: How to Choose an Online nological Implications of Information Technol- Vendor, George R. Plosker and Roger K. ogy in Education, 183 Summit, 354; Masse Bloomfield (letter), 7A National Federation of Abstracting and Indexing (Nov); Kay Birula (letter), 7A (Nov) Services. Report of SLA Representative, 458 An On-Line System With the Department of National Library of Medicine Regulations, 185 Defense, Larry Chasen, 13 National Micrographics Association. Report of On The Practical Side, 169,222,276,485 SLA Representative, 458 Orr, Judy, n 543 National Periodicals Center, n 51; A Coordinating Ott, Retha, n 543 Locus for Library and Information Service Overseas Report, 358 Programs, Joseph M. Dagnese, 103 National Periodicals System. Advisory Commit- P tee, Report of SLA Representative, 458 PRESTEL and the Trend Toward Personal Nepal. Diane K. Stanley (letter), 6A (Jan); Barbara Computers, Martha Boaz, 310 Foster (letter), 7A (Jan) Pacific Northwest Chapter, n 133, n 328 Networking Committee, 46; 238; 428; Report, 440 The Pacific Scientific Information Center: Geo- Networking Notes, James K. Webster, 54, 136, graphic Emphasis of a Pacific Map Collection, 285,545 Lee S. Motteler, 229 Networks. Streamlining Federal Legislation Af- Palmer, L. L. See Coppin, A. S. fecting Library and Information Service Pro- Parker, Ralph H., 240,424,437 grams, Alphonse F. Trezza, 92; Private Sector Patten, David J., n 543 Special Libraries as Components of the Philadelphia Chapter, n 50, n 328, n 544 National Program, Beverly J. Ryd, 100; A Coor- Photocopying. See Copyrights dinating Locus for Library and Information Picture Division, 46, n 133 Service Programs, Joseph M. Dagnese, 103; Picture Postcards: Organizing a Collection, Eliza- Japanese Information Network and Biblio- beth K. Freyschlag, 258 graphic Control: Scientific and Technical Liter- Picture Sources IV, 320 ature, Robert W. Gibson, Jr. and Barbara K. Pittsburgh Chapter, n 50, n 328 Kunkel, 154; 238; Managing Revolutions: Cop- Planning a Branch Library, Kay Birula, 300; see ing with Evolving Information Technologies, also Masse Bloomfield (letter), 7A (Nov), and Patricia Wilson Berger, 386; see also Biblio- Kay Bimla (letter), 7A (Nov) graphic Utilities Plenum Publishing Corporation, 47 New Jersey Chapter, n 50, n 327 Plosker, George R., and Summit, Roger K., december 1980 Management of Vendor Services: How to Roper, Fred W., Chapter Cabinet Report 1979180, Choose an Online Vendor, 354 418 Polak, Ginette, Samples, Please (letter), 7A (Feb) Rush, James. E. See Davis, Charles H. Politics and Information, Joseph M. Dagnese, 199; Russell, Ann, book review by, 504 see also Is Tension Inevitable Between SLA and Ryd, Beverly J., Private Sector Special Libraries as Associated Information Managers? Roberta J. Components of the National Program, 100 Gardner, 373 Pope, Nolan F., Database Users: Their Opinions S and Needs, 265 SLA. Robert Lane (letter), 11A (Apr); Joseph M. Positive Action Program for Minority Groups Dagnese (letter), 11A (Apr); Is Tension Inevita- Committee, 47; 427; Report, 440 ble Between SLA and Associated Information Post, J. B., 43; n 135 Managers? Roberta J. Gardner, 373; Stanley A. Postal Service, 183 Elman (letter), 8A (Nov) Postcards. Picture Postcards: Organizing a Collec- SLA Annual Meetings. See Washington D.C. tion, Elizabeth K. Freyschlag, 258 Conference (1980), Atlanta Conference (198I), The Practical Side. See On the Practical Side and Detroit Conference (1982) President's Committee on Employment of the SLA Association Office, 48; 49,426; 429 Handicapped. Library Committee, Report of SLA Audit, 49; Report January 1, 1979-December SLA Representative, 459 31,1979,317 President's Report 1979180, Joseph M. Dagnese, SLA Authors, 135,366 414 SLA Awards. See SLA Chapter Growth Award, Preventative Conservation for Map Collections, SLA Hall of Fame, SLA Honorary Members, and Betty Kidd, 529 SLA Professional Award Princeton-Trenton Chapter, n 328, n 544 SLA Board of Directors. Fall Meeting Actions, 45; Product Safety Laws, n 51 Winter Meeting Actions, 237; Actions, 239; The Professional Librarian's Reader in Library Automa- Winter Meeting (1979), 237; Annual Meeting tion and Technology, book review by Phyllis A. Actions, 425; 427 Richmond, 504 SLA Budget, 45,49,424,429 Programming. The Use of SPEAKEASY Interac- SLA Bylaws, 425 tive Language for Information Science Educa- SLA Candidates. 1980 Candidates, 37 tion, Steven Seokho Chweh, 247 SLA Chapter Cabinet. Winter Meeting Actions, Publications Committee, 239,428 237; Report 1979180, Fred W. Roper, 418; Publisher Relations Committee. Report, 441 Annual Meeting Actions, 424 Publishing Division. Role of Honor, 462; The SLA Chapter Growth Award, 424,427 Fanny Simon Award, 462 SLA Chapters and Divisions. Allotments, 45; Pubs, 58,198,246,290,334,372,508,548 Archives, 240; Joint Meeting Actions, 424; see also Chapters & Divisions, and names of indi- vidual chapters and divisions Randall, Margaret, n 462 SLA Committees. See name of committee Rathbun, Loyd, A Note of Encouragement (letter), SLA Conferences, 46; SLA Conference Sites, 180; 6A (Jan) 238; 426; 427; 428; see also Washington D.C. Reams, Bernard D., n 135 Conference (1980), Atlanta Conference (1981), Recordings, n 333 and Detroit Conference (1982) Reference Services. A User Study of the Alberta SLA Contingency Fund, 48 Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Commission SLA Directory, 45,425 Library, Bette Groves and Charles H. Davis, 22; SLA Division Cabinet. Winter Meeting Actions, see also Mary M. Howrey (letter), 7A (Aug) and 237; Report 1979180, Patricia Marshall, 420; Bette Groves and Charles H. Davis (letter), 7A Annual Meeting Actions, 424 (Aug) SLA Divisions, 426; see also SLA Chapters and Referral Centers. A Model Automated Resource Divisions File for an Information and Referral Center, SLA Dues, 48; J. M. Dagnese (editorial), 5A (Feb); Loretta K. Mershon, 335 James B. Dodd (editorial), 5A (Mar); Proposed Research Committee. Report, 441 Dues Increase, 177; David R. Bender (editorial), Reviews, 56,138,245,288,330,371,466,504 5A (Apr); 238; Proposed Dues and Fees, 283; Rhode Island Chapter, n 461 425 Rice, Dorothea M., n 365 SLA Elections. Returns, 326 Richmond, Phyllis A,, book reviews by, 504,505 SLA Employment Clearing House, 182 Ringer, Barbara, n 543 SLA Executive Director. Report, David R. Bender, Rio Grande Chapter, n 50, n 461 421 Ristow, Walter W., The Emergence of Maps in SLA Fall Meetings, 48,427 Libraries, book review by Mary Larsgaard, 505 SLA Government Relations Policy Statement, 238 Robertson, W. Davenport, A User-Oriented SLA Hall of Fame. Award Winners/l980, 284; Approach to Setting Priorities for Library Honors & Awards 1980,436 Services, 345 SLA Honorary Members, 240; 424; Honors & Rocky Mountain Chapter, n 461 Awards 1980,437 Rolled Materials, n 465 SLA Investment Program, 241 special libraries SLA Joint Committees. Reports, 445 Literature, Robert W. Gibson, Jr. and Barbara K. SLA Logo, 135,425 Kunkel, 154 SLA Membership, 428 Shapiro, Stanley J., Marketing and the Informa- SLA Membership Directory. See SLA Directory tion Professional: Odd Couple or Meaningful SLA Officer's Reports. See names of offices Relationship? 469 SLA Professional Award. Award Winners1 1980, Shelving. The Use of Mobile Storage Systems in 284; Honors & Awards 1980,436 Talking Book Libraries for the Blind, 501 SLA Representatives to Other Organizations, 240; Shoemaker, Ralph I., n 462 428; 429; Reports 1979180,445 Sigel, Efrem and others, Videotext; the Coming SLA Research Grants-in-Aid, 426 Revolution in HomelOfJice Information Retrieval, SLA Retired Members, 240 book review by Martha Boaz, 467 SLA Salary Survey, 541 Simon, Fannie, 462 SLA Scholarships. Fund, 241; 427; Awards, 437 Skuja, Visvaldis Peter, obit. 462 SLA Speaker Fees, 425 Slater, Jack, Microfilm Conversion (letter), 7A SLA Special Committee on the White House (Mar) Conference on Library and Information Ser- Slides, n 507 vices, 429; Report, 444 Smith, Ruth S., n 366 SLA Special Committees. Reports 1979180, 444 South African Institute for Librarianship and SLA Special Programs Fund, 240,427 Information Science, n 333 SLA Special Projects Fund, 47 South African Library Association, n 333 SLA Standing Committees. Reports 1979180,438 South Atlantic Chapter, n 461 SLA Statements on Copyright, 322 Southern Appalachian Chapter, n 50 SLA Stipends, 427; Awards, 437 Southern California Chapter, n 133, n 461, n 544 SLA Student Groups, 424 Special Librarians. Moving Up: Librarians Who SLA Winter Meetings. 1979, 237; 238; 240; 427; Have Become Officers of Their Organizations, 428 John Kok and Edward G. Strable, 5; Is Tension SLA's 75th Anniversary Committee, 428; Report, Inevitable Between SLA and Associated Infor- 444 mation Managers? Roberta J. Gardner, 373; see SPEAKEASY. The Use of SPEAKEASY Interactive also Business Librarians and Map Librarianship Language for Information Science Education, Special Libraries. Factors Affecting the Compari- Steven Seokho Chweh, 247 son of Special Libraries, James H. Schwartz, 1; St. Louis Metropolitan Area Chapter, n 50, n 461 The Special Library as a Resource to Meet the Salaries, 240,424,425 Needs of Local Communities, Vivian D. Hewitt, San Andreas Chapter, 426, n 461 73; Private Sector Special Libraries as Compo- San Diego Chapter, n 461 nents of the National Program, Beverly J. Ryd, San Francisco Bay Region Chapter, n 133, n 461 100; Toward a Better Understanding of New Saratoga Historical Museum. Picture Postcards: Special Libraries, Elin Christianson and Janet L. Organizing a Collection, Elizabeth K. Frey- Ahrensfeld, 146; A User-Oriented Approach to schlag, 258 Setting Priorities for Library Services, W. Saudi Arabia. Special Libraries of the Kingdom of Davenport Robertson, 345; Marketing and the Saudi Arabia, John P. Celli, 358 Information Professional: Odd Couple or Scheiber, Linda, n 365 Meaningful Relationship? Stanley J. Shapiro, Scholarship Committee. Report, 442 469; The Use of Word Processing Equipment for Scholarships. See Fellowships and Scholarships Information Centers, Lynda W. Moulton, 492; Schwartz, Candy, book review by, 466 The Environment for Special Libraries in the Schwartz, James H., Factors Affecting the 1980s, Miriam A. Drake, 509; "Now That I'm in Comparison of Special Libraries, 1; What is a Charge, What Do I Do?" Six Rules About Good Article? (letter), 7A (Mar); Commentary Running a Special Library for the New Library on Improving the Image of the Special Library, Manager, John Kok, 523; Commentary on 539 Improving the Image of the Special Library, Sci-Tech News, 286 James H. Schwartz, 539; see also Branch Science-Technology Division, 286 Libraries, Business Libraries, Federal Libraries, Scientific Information. Japanese Information Net- Map Libraries, State Libraries, and Transporta- work and Bibliographic Control: Scientific and tion Libraries Technical Literature, Robert W. Gibson, Jr. and Special Libraries, 5A (Jan); Loyd Rathbun (letter), Barbara K. Kunkel, 154 6A (Jan); Jim Schwartz (letter), 7A (Mar); Searching. See On-Line Searching George A. Laszlo (letter), 8A (Mar); 238; Ellie Selection. See Collection Development Wood (letter), 7A (Jul); Preliminary Results of Sellen, Betty-Carol, What Else You Can Do With 11 the Reader's Survey Questionnaire, 320; 429 Library Degree, book review by N. Bernard (Buz- Special Libraries Association. See SLA zy) Basch, 506 Special Libraries of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Selman, Sharon, and Myers, Marcia J., The Use of John P. Celli, 358 an On-Line Bibliographic Search Service in SpeciaList. Stephanie R. Morrell, Elin B. Christian- Chemistry, 270 son, Theresa Hammond, and Lucille Gordon Serials. Japanese Information Network and Bibli- (letters), 7A (Dec); n 7A (Dec) ographic Control: Scientific and Technical The Specialists' Forum, 1, 199, 373, 509 december 1980 Staff Development, Lucille Whalen, 52, 243, 463, University Libraries. Zero Base Budgeting in a 499 University Library, Elise Hayton, 169 Standards Committee, 428; Report, 442 University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library Stanley, Diane, Broader View (letter), 6A (Jan) Science, n 333 State Libraries. Special Services at the State University of Southern California, School of Agency Level for Special Constituencies, 83 Library Science. The Use of SPEAKEASY Inter- Statistics. Library Data, Statistics, and Informa- active Language for Information Science Educa- tion: Progress Toward Comparability, Maryann tion, Steven Seokho Chweh, 247 Kevin Brown, 475 Upstate New York Chapter, n 133 Statistics Committee. Report, 442 The Use of an On-Line Bibliographic Search Stevens, Charles, 284,436 Service in Chemistry, Sharon Selman and Stokes, Esther M., All About Jim: James B. Dodd, Marcia J. Myers, 270 SLA President 1980181,406 The Use of Mobile Storage Systems in Talking Storage and Retrieval Systems, n 507 Book Libraries for the Blind, 501 Strable, Edward G. See Kok, John The Use of SPEAKEASY Interactive Language for Strain, Paula M., Title 44 Revision, 55; book Information Science Education, Steven Seokho review by, 138 Chweh, 247 Student Relations Officer, 426; Report, 443 The Use of Word Processing Equipment for Infor- Summit, Roger K. See Plosker, George R. mation Centers, Lynda W. Moulton, 492 Sutliff, Sandra, n 365 A User-Oriented Approach to Setting Priorities Swartzburg, Susan G., Preserving Library Materials: for Library Services, W. Davenport Robertson, A Manual, book review by Ann Russell, 504 345 A User Study of the Alberta Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Commission Library, Bette Groves and Charles H. Davis, 22; see also Mary M. Howrey Teague, S. J., Microform Librarianship, book review (letter), 7A (Aug) and Bette Groves and Charles by Loretta J. Kiersky, 288 H. Davis (letter), 7A (Aug) Technical Reports. Automatic Publishing of User Surveys. The Use of an On-Line Biblio- Library Bulletins, Moshe Inbal, 222; Managing graphic Search Service in Chemistry, Sharon a Report Collection for Zero Growth, Wilda B. Selman and Marcia J. Myers, 270; Costs and Newman, 276; From the Research Laboratory to Benefits to Industry of Online Literature the Operating Company: How Information Searches, Rebecca J. Jensen, Herbert 0.Asbury, Travels, A. S. Coppin and L. L. Palmer, 303 and Radford G. King, 291 Tees, Miriam, book review by, 468 Usher, Elizabeth, 284,436 Telecommunications. Videotex: Threat or Oppor- tunity, Kathleen Criner and Martha Johnson- Hall, 379 Vertical Files. Automating the Vertical File Index, Telecommunications/Communications Provi- Eileen F. Bator, 485 sional Division, 239 Video Information Systems. Videotex: Threat or Telidon, 183 Opportunity, Kathleen Criner and Martha Texas Chapter, n 133, n 544 Johnson-Hall, 379 Theatre Library Association. Report of SLA Videotex: Threat or Opportunity, Kathleen Criner Representative, 460 and Martha Johnson-Hall, 379 Thompson, Enid T., n 135 Virginia Chapter, n 544 Toronto Chapter, n 133 Toward a Better Understanding of New Special W Libraries, Elin Christianson and Janet L. WHCLIS. See White House Conference on Ahrensfeld, 146 Libraries and Information Services Transportation Libraries. Metropolitan Transpor- Walker, Margot, n 365 tation Commission's Automated Data Library, Warden, Carolyn L. See Webster, James K. Dian Gillmar, 139 Warner, Sarah, n 365 Treasurer's Report 1979180, Dorothy Kasman, 417 Washington D.C. Chapter, n 133 Trezza, Alphonse F., Streamlining Federal Legis- Washington D.C. Conference (1980), 131; The lation Affecting Library and Information 1980 SLA Annual Business Meeting, 177; Service Programs, 92 Conference Invitation, 178; Transportation Washington '80, 181; 241; Reports, 403-460; Annual Business Meeting, 424; Washington Union List of Serials Joint Committee. Report, Highlights, 430 445 Webster, James K., Networking Notes, 54, 136, U.S. General Accounting Office. Data Base Devel- 285,545, book review by, 56 opment: Federal Programs, Dorothy A. Fisk and Webster, James K., and Warden, Carolyn L., Todd D. Weiss, 217 Comparing the Bibliographic Utilities for U.S. National Committee for the United Nations Special Librarians, 519 Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza- . Managing a Report Collection for Zero tion General Information Program. Report of Growth, Wilda B. Newman, 276 SLA Representative, 460 Weiss, Todd D. See Fisk, Dorothy A. special libraries Wells, Gladysann, The Special Information Library and Information Service Programs, Resources of Federal Libraries and National Alphonse F. Trezza, 92; Private Sector Special Documentation Centers to Meet the Needs of Libraries as Components of the National Local Communities, 75 Program, Beverly J. Ryd, 100; A Coordinating Western Michigan Provisional Chapter, 239; 426 Locus for Library and Information Service Whalen, Lucille, Staff Development, 52,243,463, Programs, Joseph M. Dagnese, 103; Network 499 Development and Governance, Sara Hill, 108; White, Herbert S., The Author's Reply (letter), 7A Remarks by Daniel J. Boorstin, Librarian of (Feb); 437 Congress, at the WHCLIS, 113; Resolutions, 117 White House Conference on Library and Infor- White House Conference on Small Business, 186 mation Services. Introduction-Editor's Com- Wilson (H.W.) Award, 427; Honors & Awards ment, 59; The White House Conference, 61; The 1980,437; Committee Report, 443 Special Library as a Resource to Meet the Needs Winkels, Mary, n 365 of Local Communities, Vivian D. Hewitt, 73; Wisconsin Chapter, n 133 The Special Information Resources of Federal Wolfenden, Diane, n 365 Libraries and National Documentation Centers Wood, Ellie, Three Cheers (letter), 7A (Jul) to Meet the Needs of Local Communities, Word Processing. The Use of Word Processing Gladysann Wells, 75; Federal Data Banks as Equipment for Information Centers, Lynda W. Potential Information Resources to Meet the Moulton, 492 Needs of Local Communities, Patricia W. Berg- Wright, Kieth, n 135 er, 77; Special Services at the State Agency Level for Special Constituencies, 83; Strengthen Existing Statewide Resources and Systems, Irving M. Klempner, 84; Basic/ Zamora, Gloria J., The Author's Reply (letter), 7A Continuing Education Curricula and Informa- (Mar) tion Technology, Mary Frances Hoban, 88; Zero Base Budgeting in a University Library, Elise Streamlining Federal Legislation Affecting Hayton, 169

december 1980

special

Volume 71

1980

Copyright 1980 Special Libraries Association 235 Park Avenue South New York, N.Y. 10003 SPECIAL LIBRARIES INDEX Volume 71 Jan-Dec 1980

January ...... 1-58 August ...... 335-372 February ...... 59-138 September ...... 373-468 March ...... 139-198 October Annual Directory April ...... 199-246 Issue ...... (not indexed) May / June...... 247-290 November ...... 469-508 July ...... 291-334 December ...... 509-574

ERRATA

Nov 1979, p.496 ...... The Rocky Mountain Chapter news listed the wrong rice and address for the Specialized Library Resources of C'olora& 4th ed. The correct price is $10.00 for SLA members; $13.00 for nonmem- bers. Checks and orders should be sent to: SLA Rocky Mountain Chapter, c/o James W. Carter, 5950 McIntyre' St., Golden, Colo. 80401 Dec 1979,p.562 ...... The SLA Salary Survey 1979 contains both an incorrect figure in Table 3 and an incorrect interpretation. The second para raph on age two should read: "Perhaps more enlightening than ta e actual &ures on men's and women's salaries is the change in earnings by sex given in Table 3. Although salaries are not equal, the percentage increase for women is greater than the percenta e increase for men. Yet the gap between the median salaries of female and male members is approximately the same. In 1976, the median female salary was 81% of the median male salary. In 1979, the ratio of the medians is 82%." The 1979 Salary Survey also listed an incorrect page reference. The second paragraph, comparing the salaries of female and male SLA members according to number of persons supervised and years of experience, should have stated, "See p.580 and p.583." Jan 1980, p.44 ...... Joseph M. Dagnese was inadvertently omitted from the list that appeared at the end of the candidate biographies. He will serve on SLA's Board of Directors in 1980181as Past President. Don't be absurd . . . Splurge with BRSIMerge!

Why spend hours cutting amd pasting offline prints when with one online command vou can order the results of multi-file searches sorted and merged just the way your patron likes it.

AND IT COSTS JUST 1' MORE PER PAGE 15th Edition Over 90% of the entries in the 15th edition have been revised to reflect new addresses, phone numbers, exe- cutive names, or other important items of informa- tion. For 25 years EA has been the standard reference fkdrmm md book for locating those associations that information Subwlgtkn Baoas seekers turn to for highly qualified sources. The new Rsvlem: ' ' indispensable . . . As a result of the edition tells you exactly whom to write, phone, or visit work's current and exten- for information too fresh to appear in books and sive coverage and the periodicals. continuing hi h demarrd Volume I. . . NATIONAL ORGANIZBTIOMS OF ? tE U.S. for the type o! data fouiid Describes 14,726 organiz~ionsin 17 subject categories. Entries in the Encyclomdia of give official name of grtdp, wgular ww Or ?.crorlym. address, Asmiatim, it remains phone number, chief e~cr!cu!i*~e,nurnrer ::; narnt4e;s, wnrnittees, om rri the most useful and publications, conbaniio~ scr,ad~l:i, and Tore. Nith ~r~assive essential ti& in any 47,000-line keywor(l/alcnan?r'i.al :nde~.1,600~~. ISBN libraw's reference coltec- 0-8103-0141-5. $11P GO tion:"(~ooklist,April 1, 1979) Vdume 2.. . GEOC;R14?HIC AND EXECUTIVE INDEXES L.istings in both inoexes give o:ginizatior: name, chief executive, Refet.encehk8k# address, pnone m:rnber. x31t1q en!ry number o'i the more detailed $mail anti ~~edium-sl~ea arganizdtlon erdrj in Vollimf: :. 825pp. ISBN 0-8703-0142-3. t.ibmb: Listed in the $95.06 current ediof this ALA Volume 3. . .NEW ASSOCIRTIONS AND PRUEC1'S selectbn aid. An inter-edition, cl~mulat~velyindexed supplement that reports on Best 8oeh: new groups concerrled !with the latest problems ant1 ideas. ISBN Listed in Best &fen,nce 04103-013C-X. Submiption. $110.00. Books: Titkfs of Lasting EA h available on Standing Order. Yam Sektcw fm (3 % dhcot.intfor Standing Ortiem) American Referem Customers outside the U.S. and Conada 12dd 10%. Books Annual 1970-76. CtraiQe: Listed in the current editmn of Choice's GALEfResearch Co. "Opening Day Collection f ' Rook Tower Delwoit, MI 48226