THE SOUNDS SPECIAL LETTERS The Basic Rules Of Ra Ikhfa Tajweed (Hafs) The letter Ra can be pronounced in a strong Ikhfa means to pronounce the letter with Recitation a light sound from the nose and is sounding ‘full mouth’ or in a light sounding ’empty mouth’. applied when any of the following letters ______Pronounced with full mouth when: UNDERSTANDING THE LETTERS appear after a noon saakin or  Ra has fatha or a There are over seventy rules of tajweed tanween : dhamma ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش but below are some of the basic principles.  There is a fatha or a dhamma ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك ______before a Ra saakin Makhraj- Origin Ghunna When the letter noon has  There is a fatha or a The 29 letters originate from 17 a shadda or a meem ,it is dhamma and a shadda on places in the mouth giving each letter a pronounced through the nose. distinct sound. During recitation the Ra sound of each letter must be pronounced ______Pronounced with empty mouth when: clearly. Noon Saakin & Tanween  Ra has a kasra below it When there is a noon saakin or  There is a kasra before a Ra Sifat-Attributes tanween the following rules apply: saakin Each letter is pronounced in a particular Izhar: If hurrofe halaqi appears after  There is a kasra and a way; some are soft or sharp with abrupt noon saakin or tanween, there is no or soft endings. nasal sound. shadda on Ra appear incorporated ي رم ل ون Idgham: If Tanween-Nunation  There is a Yaa Saakin When there is a double fatha with noon saakin or tanween it is pronounced with a nasal sound. before a Ra and you decide appears after to stop in the sentence( ب )or double kasra , you Qalb: If the letter Baa add the ‘n’ sound to the letter. Laam the noon saakin or tanween , the The letter Laam can also Saakin-Vowel Omission is changed into meem be pronounced with a full mouth or an( ن )letter noon When you add a Sukoon on and is recited with a nasal sound. empty mouth. a letter, it’s called Saakin. For example, Ikhafa: There is a light nasal sound when the following letters appear after the noon Full mouth: fatha or a dhamma The (ﷲ)Noon Saakin . An Arabic syllable can appears before the word be open (ending with a vowel) or closed saakin and tanween : is pronounced with (ﷲ) laam in Allah ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش ending with a consonant). Closed) .a full mouth ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك syllables are denoted by Sukkon . So Empty mouth: kasra appears before Noon Saakin is the letter Noon without The laam in .(ﷲ) a vowel ending. Meem Saakin the word Allah

Allah( ) is pronounced with empty ﷲ The following rules are applied Mushaddad- mouth. with meem saakin : A letter with a Shadda on top Elongation (Maad) Izhar: If hurrofe halaqi appears after is called Mushaddad. The consonant is The following vowels elongate the consonant that precedes them: doubled. Instead of writing the letter meem saakin , there is no nasal and Alif Saakin that has a fatha (ب) twice, Arabic places a W-shaped sign sound, except for letters baa before it called Shadda , above it. meem . Idgham: If saakin appears Waaw Saakin has a dhamma Huroofe Halaqi-Throat Letters The following letters are called huroofe after another meem appear, they are before it Yaa Saakin has a kasra halaqi because they originate from the incorporated.Ikhfa: When the letter baa ( halaq(throat): before it. Waaw Saakin and Yaa appears after meem saakin there ( ب ءھ ع حغ خ will be a slight nasal sound. Saakin has a fatha before it. The Basic Rules Of Tajweed www.islamicbulletin.org The Islamic Bulletin