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Volume 16, No. 2 16, No. 2 Volume Volume 16, No. 2, 2013 Journal Transportation of Public Subeh Chowdhury Definition of Planned and Unplanned Transfer of Public Transport Avishai (Avi) Ceder Service and User Decisions to Use Routes with Transfers Craig Collins Samiul Hasan A Novel Transit Rider Satisfaction Metric: Satish V. Ukkusuri Rider Sentiments Measured from Online Social Media Data Graham Currie Exploring Comparative Ridership Drivers of Alexa Delbosc Bus Rapid Transit and Light Rail Transit Routes Bradley J. Flamm Determinants of Bicycle-On-Bus Boardings: A Case Study of the Greater Cleveland RTA Amy Dunckel-Graglia Women-Only Transportation: How “Pink” Public Transportation Changes Public Perception of Women’s Mobility Zheng Li Crowding in Public Transport: David A. Hensher A Review of Objective and Subjective Measures Dorothy McCormick Paratransit Business Strategies: Winnie Mitullah Preston Chitere A Bird’s-Eye View of Matatus in Nairobi Risper Orero Marilyn Ommeh Ranjay M. Shrestha Eliminating Bus Stops: Evaluating Changes in Edmund J. Zolnik Operations, Emissions and Coverage 2013 N C T R Gary L. Brosch, Editor SUBSCRIPTIONS Lisa Ravenscroft, Assistant to the Editor Complimentary subscriptions can be obtained by contacting: EDITORIAL BOARD Lisa Ravenscroft, Assistant to the Editor Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) University of South Florida Robert B. Cervero, Ph.D. William W. Millar Fax: (813) 974-5168 University of California, Berkeley American Public Transportation Association Email: [email protected] Web: www.nctr.usf.edu/jpt/journal.htm Chester E. Colby Steven E. Polzin, Ph.D., P.E. E & J Consulting University of South Florida Gordon Fielding, Ph.D. Lawrence Schulman SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPTS University of California, Irvine LS Associates The Journal of Public Transportation is a quarterly, international journal containing original Jose A. 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JOURNAL OF Public Transportation Volume 16, No. 2, 2013 ISSN 1077-291X TheJournal of Public Transportation is published quarterly by National Center for Transit Research Center for Urban Transportation Research University of South Florida • College of Engineering 4202 East Fowler Avenue, CUT100 Tampa, Florida 33620-5375 Phone: (813) 974-3120 Fax: (813) 974-5168 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nctr.usf.edu/jpt/journal.htm © 2013 Center for Urban Transportation Research Volume 16, No. 2, 2013 ISSN 1077-291X CONTENTS Definition of Planned and Unplanned Transfer of Public Transport Service and User Decisions to Use Routes with Transfers Subeh Chowdhury, Avishai (Avi) Ceder ............................................................................................1 A Novel Transit Rider Satisfaction Metric: Rider Sentiments Measured from Online Social Media Data Craig Collins, Samiul Hasan, Satish V. Ukkusuri ........................................................................21 Exploring Comparative Ridership Drivers of Bus Rapid Transit and Light Rail Transit Routes Graham Currie, Alexa Delbosc. ..........................................................................................................47 Determinants of Bicycle-On-Bus Boardings: A Case Study of the Greater Cleveland RTA Bradley J. Flamm .......................................................................................................................................67 Women-Only Transportation: How “Pink” Public Transportation Changes Public Perception of Women’s Mobility Amy Dunckel-Graglia .............................................................................................................................85 Crowding in Public Transport: A Review of Objective and Subjective Measures Zheng Li, David A. Hensher ...............................................................................................................107 Paratransit Business Strategies: A Bird’s-Eye View of Matatus in Nairobi Dorothy McCormick, Winnie Mitullah, Preston Chitere, Risper Orero, Marilyn Ommeh .....................................................................................................................................135 Eliminating Bus Stops: Evaluating Changes in Operations, Emissions and Coverage Ranjay M. Shrestha, Edmund J. Zolnik ........................................................................................153 iii Definition of Planned and Unplanned Transfer of Public Transport Service Definition of Planned and Unplanned Transfer of Public Transport Service and User Decisions to Use Routes with Transfers Subeh Chowdhury, Avishai (Avi) Ceder University of Auckland, New Zealand Abstract In the literature, there is a lack of clarity on attributes that classify a planned transfer as being a connection designed by policy makers and public transport net- work planners. This calls for a proper guideline to be developed to support policy makers and planners in designing “seamless” transfers. The present study has two main objectives. The first is to determine the attributes that define a connection as being planned transfer. The second is to understand the difference in transit users’ perceptions between planned and unplanned transfers and, thus, their decision to use routes with transfers. The proposed definition of planned transfer consist of five attributes: network integration, integrated timed-transfer, integrated physical con- nection of transfers, information integration, and fare and ticketing integration. A survey was conducted at two major public transport terminals in Auckland, New Zealand. Results support the attributes identified for the definition. Findings suggest that transit users’ willingness to use transfer routes increases when attributes of the connections are more closely aligned to being planned. The study provides a guide- 1 Journal of Public Transportation, Vol. 16, No. 2, 2013 line for policy makers and public transport network planners to serve as a basis for planning new and improving existing connections to be planned transfers. Introduction Heightened awareness for the need to promote public transport (PT) as a viable alternative to cars has resulted in a global trend towards planned and integrated land use and transport development (Ibrahim 2003; Matas 2004; Ulengin et al. 2007). Many authorities are investing in new infrastructure to improve the quality of PT services (Vassallo et al. 2012). An example is the Auckland Transport Regional Public Transport Plan (Auckland Transport 2010), which is a statutory document created for the purpose of developing an integrated PT network to provide