Marijuana: a Reference Handbook, 2Nd Edition
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Update on Legal Status of Products Containing Cannabidiol in Light Of
XAVIER BECERRA State of California Attorney General DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 455 GOLDEN GATE AVENUE, SUITE 11000 SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94102-7004 January 24, 2019 Anne Sodergren Interim Executive Officer California State Board of Pharmacy 1625 North Market Blvd., Suite N-219 Sacramento, CA 95834 Re: Update on Legal Status of Products Containing Cannabidiol (CBD), In Light of Federal 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills Dear Ms. Sodergren: At the request of the President of the Board of Pharmacy, and your request, I write in further follow-up to my letter-opinions dated August 29, 2018 and October 12, 2018 (both enclosed), which pertained to the status, under federal and California law, of products containing cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabinoid derived from and/or a component of the cannabis sativa/marijuana plant. I was asked to address public comments made at the October 23-24, 2018 Board meeting regarding the impact of the 2014 federal Farm Bill on the legality of industrial hemp products, and by extension on products containing CBD, or other components or derivatives collected from industrial hemp, or from cannabis/marijuana. In the interim, on December 20, 2018, the U.S. President signed into law the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (hereinafter “2018 Farm Bill”), which expands the legal status for domestic production of industrial hemp products. So this letter will also address that change.1 My prior letter-opinions concluded that three things combined to make lawful, under both federal and California law, prescribing and dispensing of Epidiolex (or other subsequently approved equivalents): (1) the June 25, 2018 federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of Epidiolex, a CBD oral solution, for the treatment of seizures associated with two rare and severe forms of epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and Dravet syndrome, in patients two years of age and older; (2) the passage of AB 710 (Wood), an urgency statute which added section 11150.2 to the California Health and Safety Code; and (3) the DEA’s September 28, 2018 addition of new subdivision (f) to 21 C.F.R. -
Qualitative Reports of Michigan Medical Marijuana David Charles Peters Wayne State University
Wayne State University Wayne State University Dissertations 1-1-2013 Qualitative Reports Of Michigan Medical Marijuana David Charles Peters Wayne State University, Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations Part of the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Peters, David Charles, "Qualitative Reports Of Michigan Medical Marijuana" (2013). Wayne State University Dissertations. Paper 854. This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wayne State University Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. QUALITATIVE REPORTS OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL MARIJUANA PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS INCLUDING REDUCED OPIATE USE, DISPENSARY OPERATIONS, LEGAL CONCERNS, AND MARIJUANA STRAINS by DAVID C. PETERS II DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2013 MAJOR: SOCIOLOGY (Medical) Approved by: ________________________________ Advisor Date ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ @COPYRIGHT BY DAVID C. PETERS II 2013 All Rights Reserved DEDICATION All my work is dedicated to my wonderful children: Christopher, who grew up much too fast for this project; Andrew who was such a good little boy, playing quietly month after month, while I worked in my home office; but, especially to Katherine Joyce who left us after just five days in 2004. Katie had a very short life, but she made a difference, providing the inspiration for my return to school and showing everybody that she touched during her time on this Earth the real reason we are here: To do good works and contribute to the human condition by acquiring and disseminating knowledge, leaving a legacy of hope, and furthering the spirit of progress for our children and their children’s children. -
Why Medical Cannabis Is Still out of Patients' Reach—An Essay by David
BMJ 2019;365:l1903 doi: 10.1136/bmj.l1903 (Published 1 May 2019) Page 1 of 3 Feature FEATURE BMJ: first published as 10.1136/bmj.l1903 on 1 May 2019. Downloaded from ESSAY Why medical cannabis is still out of patients’ reach—an essay by David Nutt Cannabis has been used as a medicine for millennia, writes David Nutt, who charts its relatively recent prohibition, the effect on patients such as Billy Caldwell, and the failure of legal reform to make much difference David Nutt Edmond J Safra professor of neuropsychopharmacology Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK Cannabis is arguably the world’s oldest medicine, with evidence This report was relied on to control cannabis under the 1961 of such use from 3000 year old tombs in Egypt and Siberia. It United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and had a place in Indian and Chinese medical writing from nearly amazingly persisted as the international medical guidance on as long ago. It didn’t enter the UK until the late 1600s, but by cannabis until 2018, being used as the justification by the World the 1800s it was widely used, sold over the counter as an Health Organization for keeping cannabis a schedule 1 http://www.bmj.com/ alcoholic tincture for problems such as tetanus and seizures. Its controlled drug till then. Even more absurdly, the 1934 report efficacy more broadly became apparent, and the definitive has been lost, so we can’t explore its evidential base or overview was published in the Lancet in 1890 by John Russell reasoning.3 1 Reynolds. -
Medical Marijuana, Illicit Marijuana and Mr. C
Medical Marijuana, Illicit Marijuana and Mr. C In late 2013, word came out that New York State was looking into legalizing medical marijuana for treatment of certain serious symptoms that arise from certain serious medical conditions. Among the symptoms and medical conditions to be included were muscle spasms in multiple sclerosis patients. Since multiple sclerosis is my specialty, both professionally and personally, I decided to write this article to help educate people about medical marijuana. I. My Experience with Marijuana as a Street Drug Until sometime in the recent past, I had had minimal experience with the world of marijuana. I know I had smelled something weird at several concerts that I went to when I was in college. My friends told me that it wasn’t marijuana but rather “herb cigarettes.” They told me that they were sold in a store in CollegeTown by a Ms. Jayne. One time, my friend asked if I could drive him to CollegeTown so he could get more “herb cigarettes.” When we got there, my friend told me that he would go purchase them and that I should wait in the car. I thought “whatever” because I knew smoking was bad for you regardless of what you smoked and I didn’t like the smell anyway. When he got out of the car, he went into a place that didn’t look so much like a store, but more like an alleyway that had several crates stacked up high so you couldn’t really see it from the street. I remember thinking that Ms. -
Cannabis in New Zealand Perceptions of Use, Users and Policy
Cannabis in New Zealand perceptions of use, users and policy Geoff Noller A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Otago, Christchurch Aotearoa, New Zealand November 5, 2008 ABSTRACT Introduction Despite humanity’s lengthy relationship with psychoactive substances, their consumption in contemporary societies is perceived as highly problematic. Cannabis, the most commonly imbibed illicit psychotropic, has come to embody these concerns. Medical and scientific research informs notions of use and user, with these being further constructed in the public realm by law, the media and policy against a backdrop of health deficits and other harms including risk taking, criminality and deviance. With many studies drawing on clinical populations, e.g. high intensity users or those in treatment, a pathologized view of the user predominates. Where general population studies incorporate user data, these typically concentrate on the epidemiology of use: frequency, intensity, duration, and symptoms of abuse and dependence. This, however, tells us little about the meaning of use for users or why use continues despite universal official disapprobation. A lack of studies incorporating user perspectives thus ensures the limited focus of much present research and a policy accent on supply reduction at the expense of harm minimisation and safe use education. Those choosing to continue use are stigmatised as deviant or dependant. This has the effect of further bolstering enforcement, a strategy showing little evidence of efficacy. The present study sought a comparison between this dominant discourse on cannabis use and the perspectives of users, with a range of exploratory hypotheses being identified. Method Eighty cannabis-using respondents participated in open-ended face-to-face interviews, of which seventy-six successfully completed a follow-up questionnaire. -
Cannabis Equity Report
Cannabis Equity Report City and County of San Francisco This report analyzes data related to disparities in the cannabis industry and provides recommendations regarding policy options that could foster equitable access to industry participation. November 1, 2017 Office of Cannabis Human Rights Commission Controller’s Office CITY HALL • 1 DR. CARLTON B. GOODLETT PLACE • SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94102-4694 To the Mayor and Board of Supervisors: On behalf of the Office of Cannabis, the Human Rights Commission, and the Controller’s Office we proudly present the enclosed “Cannabis Equity Report” the Mayor and Board of Supervisors. Our legislative mandate: produce a report analyzing available data related to disparities in the cannabis industry, and provide recommendations regarding policy options that could (A) foster equitable access to participation in the industry, including promotion of ownership and stable employment opportunities in the industry, (B) invest City tax revenues in economic infrastructure for communities that have historically been disenfranchised, (C) mitigate the adverse effects of drug enforcement policies that have disproportionately impacted those communities, and (D) prioritize individuals who have been previously arrested or convicted for marijuana-related offenses. We find that the War on Drugs had disastrous impacts on San Francisco. But with this sad history comes an opportunity to do something important and positive. As the City considers our regulatory structure for this emerging industry, we can do so thoughtfully and intentionally, by enacting policies that undo the racist practices of our past. This report includes a number of findings and recommendations to that end. A successful program will ensure a more inclusive and diverse industry through ownership and workforce, an expansion of educational opportunities, an end to policies that burden communities that have been disproportionately impacted by the War on Drugs, and investment in communities that are disenfranchised because of the consequences of past drug policies. -
Coshocton County Agriculture & Natural Resources
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION COSHOCTON COUNTY AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES Hello Coshocton County! The 49th Annual Fall Foliage & Farm Tour was a huge success as over 1,800 people attended this year’s event in eastern Coshocton County. We appreciate all of our stops for all their work to make this event such a success. It was a wonderful tour! See the enclosed article for more information about the tour and to see some pictures from the event. We have been overwhelmed to the response we have received to the pre-sale of tickets for the 4th Annual “For the Love of Lamb Dinner” on Saturday, November 2 at 6:00 pm. In fact, we are October 23, 2019 Issue already SOLD-OUT as all 65 tickets for the event have been purchased! What a great response to this fabulous dinner. Fall Foliage & Farm Tour a Success Typical Autumn Weather Changes Harvest continues to roll along across the county. I was pleased Ahead that we were able to harvest the “Boots on the Ground” soybean Hay Quality Indicators research plot in conjunction with Lapp Farms on Sunday, October Consider By-product Feeds in Rations 13. We were pleased with the results which will be published in This Winter OSU eFields publication this fall. We will also be sharing these Ohio CAUV Values Projected to results at our winter Agronomy School this winter. Decline Through 2020 Ohio Proposed Hemp Rules are Set Considering Being a Master Gardener I have also been busy planning Extension events and workshops November Farmers Breakfast for this winter. -
Redondo CBD Report Fuller
CBD Recommended Local Public Health And Safety Regulations Prepared by Jonatan Cvetko Co-Founder Angeles Emeralds 1/21/2020 Table of Contents Introduction 3 CBD: Hemp vs Cannabis 4 Recommendation #1: Ban all Non-Cannabis Sourced CBD 5 1. Public Health Threat 5 News Reports of CBD Dangers 6 2. Prohibited by Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 8 3. Prohibited by California Department of Public Health 8 4. Prohibited by Los Angeles County Department of Public Health 8 5. Coalition of Cities Successfully Opposed AB 228 9 6. Unregulated and Unsafe CBD is infiltrating Cities 10 7. No minimum Age Restrictions 13 8. Limit Liability 13 9. Reduces City Tax Revenues 13 10. CBD shops can be fronts of Illegal Cannabis Activities 14 Recommendation #2: Maintain Ban on Outside Cannabis Delivery Services and BAN POS/Kiosk transactions 16 Outside Delivery Uses CBD Shops as a loophole 16 POS/Kiosks provide loopholes for transactions 18 Examples of other jurisdictions regulations 20 Thousand Oaks 20 Moorpark 20 Hanford 20 Farmersville 20 Lynwood 20 Humboldt 20 Fortuna 21 Blue Lake 21 Summary 21 Page 2 of 21 INTRODUCTION Angeles Emeralds is an association of patients, advocates, business owners and other thoughtful stakeholders advocating for responsible cannabis policy with a particular focus on: 1) Protecting our children 2) Developing a pathway to licensure for existing responsible operators 3) Environmentally responsible sun grown cultivation 4) Social and Health equity Jonatan Cvetko is the Co-Founder of Angeles Emeralds is a member of the LA County Office of Cannabis Management Cannabis Advisory Working Group and serves in other advisory roles with other jurisdictions. -
Khiron Life Sciences
12th July 2019 BUY KHIRON LIFE Fair Value CAD4 SCIENCES Share price EUR1.90 Bloomberg / Reuters KHRN CN/KHRN.V Consumer, Brands & Retail Cannabis Bold Ambition Khiron is set up to be a leader in the Latin American medicinal and branded CPG cannabis markets. From its base in Colombia it is spreading out into Mexico, Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Brazil. Supported by a strong team of seasoned entrepreneurs (and a knowledgeable Board that includes former President of Mexico, Vicente Fox), the company is aiming to take a first mover advantage in the medicinal cannabis and CBD- based branded Consumer packaged goods. We initiate the stock with Buy and a fair value of CAD4.0 per share offering a 100% upside. Its position in medically-validated cannabis products is most advanced in Colombia where the company is fully licensed for the cultivation, production, domestic distribution, and international export of both THC and CBD medical cannabis. It is currently preparing the market for its medicinal cannabis products (to be launched in H2 2019) through in-person clinic consultations, medical association alliances, alliances with pharmacies, health insurance and providing physicians with a variety of cannabis education platforms. In order to accelerate the market development and its own market position, the company has already bought the ILANS clinics in Colombia but we expect more to come. The advantage of running its own neuropathic clinic is that it is much easier to educate doctors in the uses of medicinal cannabis and to switch patients towards the use of medicinal cannabis. Meanwhile, the company’s own developed CBD ski- care brand Kuida is leading the efforts in the health & wellness category. -
Name That Street Drug! 1 Instructions
Name That Street Drug! Instructions: Name the substance based on the street names given. Drug Street Names Methamphetamines meth, ice, crank, chalk, crystal, fire, glass, go fast, speed Beannies, blue devils, CR, crystal meth, granulated orange, Mexican crack, pink, rock, speckled birds, speed, tina, and yellow powder Amphetamine bennies, black beauties, crosses, hearts, LA turnaround, speed, truck drivers, and uppers Ritalin/Adderall Ritalin: JIF, MPH, R-ball, Skippy, the smart drug, crackers, one & ones, pharming, poor man’s heroin, ts an ritz, set, speedball, ts & rs, vitamin R, and west coast. Adderall: bennies, black beauties, crosses, hearts, LA turnaround, speed, truck drivers, and uppers Cocaine blow, bump, C, candy, Charlie, coke, crack, flake, rock, snow, toot, do a line, freeze, girl, happy dust, Mama coca, mojo, monster, nose, pimp, shot, smoking gun, sugar, sweet stuff, white powder, base, beat, blast, casper, chalk, devil drug, gravel, hardball, hell, kryptonite, love, moonrocks, rock, scrabble, stones, and tornado Marijuana blunt, dope, ganja, grass, herb, joint, bud, Mary Jane, pot, reefer, green, trees, smoke, sinsemilla, skunk, weed, 420, Aunt Mary, baby, bobby, boom, chira, chronic, ditch, nigra, rip, root, stack, torch, and zambi Synthetic Marijuana K2, Spice, Black Mamba, Blaze, Red X Dawn, Blueberry Haze, Dank, Demon Passion Smoke, Genie, Hawaiian Hybrid, Magma, Ninja, Nitro, Ono Budz, Panama Red Ball, Puff, Sativah Herbal Smoke, Skunk, Ultra Chronic, Voodoo Spice, Bliss, Bombay Blue, Zohai, JWH -018, - 073, -250, -
Chapter One: Postwar Resentment and the Invention of Middle America 10
MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Jeffrey Christopher Bickerstaff Doctor of Philosophy ________________________________________ Timothy Melley, Director ________________________________________ C. Barry Chabot, Reader ________________________________________ Whitney Womack Smith, Reader ________________________________________ Marguerite S. Shaffer, Graduate School Representative ABSTRACT TALES FROM THE SILENT MAJORITY: CONSERVATIVE POPULISM AND THE INVENTION OF MIDDLE AMERICA by Jeffrey Christopher Bickerstaff In this dissertation I show how the conservative movement lured the white working class out of the Democratic New Deal Coalition and into the Republican Majority. I argue that this political transformation was accomplished in part by what I call the "invention" of Middle America. Using such cultural representations as mainstream print media, literature, and film, conservatives successfully exploited what came to be known as the Social Issue and constructed "Liberalism" as effeminate, impractical, and elitist. Chapter One charts the rise of conservative populism and Middle America against the backdrop of 1960s social upheaval. I stress the importance of backlash and resentment to Richard Nixon's ascendancy to the Presidency, describe strategies employed by the conservative movement to win majority status for the GOP, and explore the conflict between this goal and the will to ideological purity. In Chapter Two I read Rabbit Redux as John Updike's attempt to model the racial education of a conservative Middle American, Harry "Rabbit" Angstrom, in "teach-in" scenes that reflect the conflict between the social conservative and Eastern Liberal within the author's psyche. I conclude that this conflict undermines the project and, despite laudable intentions, Updike perpetuates caricatures of the Left and hastens Middle America's rejection of Liberalism. -
Drug Harms in the UK: a Multicriteria Decision Analysis
Articles Drug harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis David J Nutt, Leslie A King, Lawrence D Phillips, on behalf of the Independent Scientifi c Committee on Drugs Summary Background Proper assessment of the harms caused by the misuse of drugs can inform policy makers in health, Published Online policing, and social care. We aimed to apply multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) modelling to a range of drug November 1, 2010 DOI:10.1016/S0140- harms in the UK. 6736(10)61462-6 See Online/Comment Method Members of the Independent Scientifi c Committee on Drugs, including two invited specialists, met in a DOI:10.1016/S0140- 1-day interactive workshop to score 20 drugs on 16 criteria: nine related to the harms that a drug produces in the 6736(10)62000-4 individual and seven to the harms to others. Drugs were scored out of 100 points, and the criteria were weighted to Neuropsychopharmacology indicate their relative importance. Unit, Imperial College, London, UK (Prof D J Nutt FMedSci); UK Expert Adviser to the European Findings MCDA modelling showed that heroin, crack cocaine, and metamfetamine were the most harmful drugs to Monitoring Centre for Drugs individuals (part scores 34, 37, and 32, respectively), whereas alcohol, heroin, and crack cocaine were the most harmful and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), to others (46, 21, and 17, respectively). Overall, alcohol was the most harmful drug (overall harm score 72), with Lisbon, Portugal (L A King PhD); heroin (55) and crack cocaine (54) in second and third places. and Department of Management, London School of Economics and Political Interpretation These fi ndings lend support to previous work assessing drug harms, and show how the improved scoring Science, London, UK and weighting approach of MCDA increases the diff erentiation between the most and least harmful drugs.