Supplemental Table S1: One to five-year relative survival rates in some selected countries RSR total（%） Region Year 1-year 2-year 3-year 4-year 5-year Zhejiang 2005-2010 39.49 28.31 23.27 20.41 19.09 2002-2006 34.21 23.93 19.18 16.84 15.45 Minhang , Shanghai 2002-2005 31.13 20.34 15.89 12.95 11.57 new area, Shanghai 2002-2006 18.13 13.94 11.91 10.55 9.24 , Shanghai 2002-2004 12.44 9.37 7.72 7.15 6.85 1972-2011 15.47 9.01 6.60 5.31 4.69 qidong, Jiangsu 2001-2007 19.11 13.73 11.61 10.48 10.00 Jintan District of 2012-2013 35.92 24.59 16.33 13.58 11.64 Changzhou, Jiangsu Cixian, Hebei 2000-2002 12.28 8.77 7.23 4.77 4.17 Japan 1993-1996 61.20 46.10 35.20 26.30 20.40 Korea Jeju Island 2000-2001 - - 24.70 - - 1977-1981 14.00 - - - 2.00 1982-1986 15.00 - - - 4.00 1987-1991 19.00 - - - 5.00 USA 1992-1996 23.00 - - - 6.00 1988-1992 16.60 - 6.70 - - Puerto Rico 1998-2002 22.40 - 9.00 - - Canada 2004-2006 40.00 - 23.00 - 18.00 Europe 1990-1994 24.00 - 10.00 - 7.00 1989-1994 20.00 - 8.00 - 5.00 1995-1999 26.00 - 12.00 - 9.00 Netherlands 2000-2004 30.00 - 15.00 - 11.00 2005-2009 37.00 - 20.00 - 14.00 1998-2016 47.20 - 26.50 - 18.40 1998-2002 - - 19.80 - - German Bavaria 2003-2007 - - 22.40 - - 2008-2012 - - 30.60 - - 2013-2016 - - 31.00 - - - No report or non-available in the original articles RSR- relative survival rate

Supplemental Table S2: One and five-year age-standardized relative survival rates in some selected countries Age-standardized RSR（%） Region Time period 1-year 5-year 2003-2005 - 10.10 2006-2008 - 10.10 Total 2009-2011 - 9.80 2012-2015 - 12.10 Liaoning 2000-2002 - 10.70 China 2003-2006 - 10.2 Zhejiang, Haining and 2007-2010 - 9 Jiashan 2011-2014 - 10.2 HongKong 1996-2001 - 22.40 Taiwan 2004-2008 - 27.6 Korea Incheon 1997-2001 - 16.00 Philippines 1998-2002 - 8.50 1998-2000 - 13.3 Canada 2004-2006 - 17 1995-1999 30.00 9.10 1999-2001 - 9.00 Europe 2002-2004 - 10.00 2005-2007 - 12.00 1999-2001 - 8.00 2000-2007 26.8 8.40 Total 2002-2004 - 8.00 2005-2007 - 9.00 1995-1999 20.30 6.40 Ireland 2000-2007 32.3 13.00 1995-1999 23.70 7.70 1999-2001 - 8.00 UK, England 2000-2007 26.6 8.20 2002-2004 - 8.00 Western 2005-2007 - 9.00 Europe 2000 - 8.30 2004 - 8.60 1995-1999 21.70 5.90 UK, Scotland 1999-2001 - 6.00 2000-2007 28 7.40 2002-2004 - 7.00 2005-2007 - 8.00 1995-1999 26.10 9.30 1999-2001 - 7.00 UK, Wales 2000-2007 24.8 8.70 2002-2004 - 11.00 2005-2007 - 7.00 1995-1999 25.30 5.10 UK,Northern Ireland 2000-2007 23.6 8.90 1999-2001 - 12.00 2000-2007 43 14.80 Total 2002-2004 - 14.00 2005-2007 - 17.00 Croatia 2000-2007 21 12.10 1995-1999 38.60 10.90 1999-2001 - 13.00 Italy 2000-2007 48 16.10 2002-2004 - 15.00 2005-2007 - 18.00 2000-2007 20.4 - Malta 1995-1999 17.50 - Southern 1995-1999 31.20 10.80 Portugal Europe 2000-2007 32.9 12.10 2000 - 3.80 Slovenia 2004 - 3.50 1995-1999 25.60 3.40 Slovenia 2000-2007 24.6 3.90 1995-1999 32.60 11.50 1999-2001 - 12.00 Spain 2000-2007 39.4 14.30 2002-2004 - 16.00 2000 - 17.90 Torino 2004 - 13.70 2000 - 11.30 Tuscany 2004 - 12.90 1999-2001 - 6.00 2000-2007 27.3 8.10 Total 2002-2004 - 8.00 2005-2007 - 9.00 1995-1999 13.60 - 1999-2001 - 4.00 Denmark 2000-2007 20.4 5.10 Northern 2002-2004 - 5.00 Europe 2005-2007 - 6.00 2000 - 8.60 2004 - 7.30 1995-1999 22.80 5.60 Finland 1999-2001 - 8.00 2000-2007 31.6 7.80 2002-2004 - 8.00 2005-2007 - 8.00 1995-1999 15.90 2.30 Iceland 2000-2007 37.7 - 2000 - 12.80 2004 - 14.60 Norway 1995-1999 19.70 6.20 2000-2007 27.4 8.10 1995-1999 24.30 8.20 1999-2001 - 9.00 Sweden 2000-2007 30 10.40 2002-2004 - 9.00 2005-2007 - 12.00 1999-2001 - 6.00 2000-2007 18 5.90 Total 2002-2004 - 6.00 2005-2007 - 7.00 1999-2001 - 7.00 2000-2007 13.2 4.20 Bulgaria 2002-2004 - 4.00 2005-2007 - 6.00 2000 - 21.70 Cracow 2004 - 12.00 1995-1999 17.90 - 1999-2001 - 6.00 2000-2004 - 5.3 Czech Republic 2000-2007 18.8 5.80 Eastern 2002-2004 - 6.00 Europe 2005-2007 - 6.00 2005-2008 - 5.2 2000 - 11.20 Estonia 2004 - 9.80 2000-2007 18.2 5.50 Latvia 2000-2007 16.9 - 2000 - 12.50 Lithuania 2004 - 15.80 2000-2007 21.7 8.80 1995-1999 32.10 7.90 Poland 2000-2007 25.7 7.10 1999-2001 - 7.00 2000-2007 18.8 6.50 Slovakia 2002-2004 - 5.00 2005-2007 - 7.00 Central 1999-2001 - 9.00 Total Europe 2000-2007 37.3 12.80 2002-2004 - 11.00 2005-2007 - 13.00 1995-1999 25.00 9.10 1999-2001 - 10.00 Austria 2000-2007 32.7 11.80 2002-2004 - 11.00 2005-2007 - 14.00 2000-2007 44.2 17.70 Belgium 1995-1999 32.80 11.50 2000 - 15.60 Eindhoven 2004 - 12.30 1989-1997 - 7 1995-1999 35.50 8.50 1999-2001 - 11.00 France 2000-2002 33.50 9.80 2000-2007 34.8 11.70 2000-2007 42.7 13.10 2002-2004 - 14.00 2000 - 13.90 Geneva 2004 - 16.80 1995-1999 26.50 8.10 1999-2001 - 10.00 Germany 2000-2007 36.8 13.40 2002-2004 - 13.00 2005-2007 - 14.00 2000 - 15.60 Saarland 2004 - 12.20 1995-1999 35.20 11.00 1999-2001 - 10.00 Switzerland 2000-2007 41.2 13.20 2002-2004 - 16.00 2005-2007 - 12.00 1995-1999 23.90 7.40 1999-2001 - 10.00 The Netherlands 2000-2007 30.8 10.30 2002-2004 - 9.00 2005-2007 - 12.00 - No report or non-available in the original articles RSR- relative survival rate

Supplementary references [1] He DD, Zhao YP, Fang H, Su H, Zhao L, et al. Analysis of the survival of malignant tumor patients in of Shanghai from 2002 to 2005. Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases 2014;22: 509-12.9. (in Chinese) [2] Li XP, Cao GW, Sun Q, Yang C, Yan B, et al. Cancer incidence and patient survival rates among the residents in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai between 2002 and 2006. Chin J Cancer 2013;32: 512-9. (in Chinese) [3] Chen JG, Zhu J, Zhang YH, Zhang YX, Yao DF, et al. Cancer survival in Qidong between 1972 and 2011: a population-based analysis. Mol Clin Oncol 2017;6: 944-54. [DOI:0.3892/mco.2017.1234] [4] Romero Marrero C, Ortiz AP, Perez CM, Perez J, Torres EA. Survival of hepatocellular carcinoma in Puerto Rico. P R Health Sci J 2009;28: 105-13. [PMID:19530551] [5] Fu Y, Peng Y, Zhang M, Shen H. Survival Analysis on Patients with Malignant Cancers in Nanhui District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2004. Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases 2009;17: 85-6. (in Chinese) [6] Gondos A, Bray F, Brewster DH, Coebergh JWW, et al. Recent trends in cancer survival across Europe between 2000 and 2004: A model-based period analysis from 12 cancer registries. European Journal of Cancer 2008;44: 1463-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.03.010] [7] Brenner H, Francisci S, de Angelis R, Marcos-Gragera R, Verdecchia A, et al. Long-term survival expectations of cancer patients in Europe in 2000-2002. Eur J Cancer 2009;45: 1028-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.11.005]