THE LAMB THE JERUSALEM TAVERN THE CITTIE OF YORKE YE OLDE CHEESE

The Lamb was built around 1729, so was already This building dates from the early eighteenth According to its sign, the Cittie has been serving first opened in 1538 serving the area when the Foundling Hospital century and has deliberately cultivated a City drinkers on the site since 1430. However, it and was rebuilt after the Great Fire of . was established just to the north in 1745. If you full-of-character Georgian coffee house is notable now for its magnificent interior. Go When Samuel Johnson moved to a house in the stand outside the Lamb and look towards the atmosphere, although it serves very interesting to the back bar to see overhead, the walkway court behind it, it achieved iconic status. From Museum, you can imagine looking across to beer too! Coffeehouses and their inclusive, where ‘the entertainment’ paraded, and see the some of the upper ‘private’ rooms, the Museum where the original Hospital buildings stood. intellectual culture were one of the keys to the vast beer vats, similar to those of the eighteenth of London rescued a series of pornographic Recently-discovered plans actually place the rise of self-education and the move towards century. Of particular interest in the rear bar is creamware tiles, featuring various adventurous Lamb within the Foundling Hospital estate. The Enlightenment that happened in London. Polite the triangular brazier standing in the middle of antics. Samuel Johnson represents London’s buildings were designed, with care, to represent society, where sober debate triumphed over the room, dating from the later Georgian period. move towards literacy, also a concern at the a magnificent symbol of ‘new’ philanthropy, and drunken antics, was born in these coffeehouses. It produces a fierce heat but no smoke, which is Foundling where unusually both boys and girls dominated the local landscape. The Hospital Many had small lending libraries and all carried vented outside through an underground system. were taught to read. The Governors learned itself sat at the heart of what was a vast complex, newspapers chosen by the owner to reflect The bar is also one of the longest in London. The quickly that if the children it raised could situated in open fields amongst grazing cows. The the business and intellectual interests of his eighteenth century ‘Gin Craze’ was terrifying. atmosphere of Coram’s Fields, with people using clientele. The coffeehouses were known as the Alcohol, primarily ‘bad’ gin, rather than ‘good’ read, even if they could not write, they had a the playing fields throughout the day, retains a ‘penny universities’ of London, where a man beer, as seen in William Hogarth’s Gin Lane and far better chance of gaining employment on strong parallel with the past, when the foundlings might educate himself, through literature and Beer Street, was seen as one of the main causes leaving the Hospital’s care. Take a moment to trod the same fields during their recreation time. company, for little outlay. In the early days of of social and moral breakdown among the poor see the statue of his proud little cat, Hodge, in The current interior of The Lamb dates largely the Foundling, London held almost a thousand at the time Coram was struggling to get the the square at the back. from its days as a Victorian ‘gin palace’, and as thriving coffeehouses. This conscious move Foundling Hospital funded. such is a great place to start out your Foundling towards a more sophisticated culture influenced Hospital crawl. the new breed of philanthropists such as Thomas Coram, determined to make a change.

A HOGARTHIAN PUB CRAWL THE LAMB AND FLAG THE FOUNDLING MUSEUM William Hogarth’s vivid scenes of eighteenth James Boswell, Johnson’s biographer, relished This pub dates from 1749 but in the early century London life gain their geography from London. He arrived on Highgate Hill and nineteenth century was bought by one of the last churches and theatres, but most of all from surveyed London, feeling ‘all life and joy’ He had ‘running by the coach’ footmen. Being a footman . In the 250th anniversary of Hogarth’s hopes to meet ‘a pretty girl’, and pursued that was a tricky job – you had to be six feet tall, good A HOGARTHIAN death, we invite you to the Foundling prospect keenly. From here he sallied forth in his looking and athletic, but also from the serving PUB CRAWL Museum to discover this remarkable artist pursuit of sexual adventure. Covent Garden was classes. It was a complex role to fulfill and one and philanthropist, before toasting his the centre of London prostitution and the trade’s in which the working class identity became key. achievements in a nearby Georgian tavern. role in creating many unsupported children is Increasingly, foundlings were employed across central to the concerns of the Foundling Hospital. London in all manner of domestic trades and The area was seedy, noisy and busy. The market the Governors’ words of 1754, ‘Be not ashamed TEXTS BY LUCY INGLIS traded constantly, selling fruit, vegetables and that you were bred in this Hospital. Own it’ were Lucy Inglis is a historian and flowers, but it also held London’s household a double-edged sword. As society experienced author, with a particular and exotic pet retailers and Arabella Morris’s the Enlightenment, identity held increasing interest in those on the huge garden centre selling shrubs, seeds and ‘all significance for everyone, and as London margins of society. Georgian Sorts of Materials proper for Gardening’. Nearby, entered a new century, an increasing number London: Into the Streets was you can visit the Fielding brothers’ Bow Street of the gardeners, silversmiths, peruke makers, published with Viking in Magistrate’s Court, the Royal Opera House and and domestic servants raised in the Foundling 2013 and her first novel for David Garrick’s Southampton Street house, Hospital wanted to learn their origins. Who teenagers, City of Halves, is which he bought in 1749, paying 500 guineas for where they, and from where had they come? published in Autumn 2014. it, ‘Dirt and all’. Look up for the blue plaques. www.foundlingmuseum.org.uk www.lucyinglis.com 1 THE LAMB

94 Lambs Conduit Street, WC1N 3LZ

2 THE JERUSALEM TAVERN

55 Britton Street, EC1M 5UQ 7

3 THE CITTIE OF YORKE

22 High Holborn, WC1V 6BN

4 YE OLDE CHESHIRE CHEESE 1

145 Fleet Street, EC4A 2BU

5 THE LAMB AND FLAG 2

33 Rose Street, WC2E 9EB

6 THE ONLY RUNNING FOOTMAN

5 Charles Street, W1J 5DF 3 7 THE FOUNDLING MUSEUM

40 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AZ

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