Jan. 30, 2014@FNAL ICFA Panel WS

US-Japan Program and it’s Neutrino Task Force

T. Nakaya (Kyoto) for US-J Neutrino TF members

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14年1月30日木曜日 US-Japan Research Program in HEP

• Long successful history • In • CDF, KTeV, DONUT, SciBooNE, etc. • For • BNL E734, FNAL E745, DONUT, SciBooNE, etc.

• Based on the long and good relationship between US and Japan, we consider to propose collaborative research subjects for accelerator neutrino experiments.

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14年1月30日木曜日 Neutrino in US and Japan

• In Japan (at KEK/J-PARC and Kamioka) • T2K, KamLAND, Super-K, Hyper-K and R&D including Lq. Ar TPC development • In US (at FNAL) • MiniBooNE, MINOS, MINERvA, MicroBooNE, NOvA and LBNE

• Both US and Japan have high power and high energy accelerators (FNAL MI and KEK J- PARC) with intense neutrino beam lines. Those facilities are great advantages for us to explore neutrino physics.

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14年1月30日木曜日 Physics from accelerator ν experiments • Precision measurements of parameters: 2 2 θ12, θ13, θ32, Δm32 , Δm12 • Precision measurements of neutrino cross sections: CC-QE, NC-EL, CC-1π, NC-π0, DIS, etc..

• Search for CP violation: measurement of δCP and/or model independent test of CPV (ν vs anti-ν). • Determination of Mass hierarchy • Search for New physics: sterile neutrinos and unexpected phenomena

• Performance of accelerators, neutrino beams, and detectors, and improvements of analysis and simulation techniques are crucial to advance the neutrino physics.

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14年1月30日木曜日 US-Japan Neutrino Taskforce • In 2013, we form the US-Japan Neutrino taskforce team. • Consider the cooperative and common research subjects to advance accelerator neutrino experiments: T2K, T2HK, Lq. Ar R&D, MiniBooNE, MicroBooNE, MINOS, NOvA, LBNE, etc..

Japanese members US members * Tsuyoshi Nakaya (Kyoto) * Steve Brice (FNAL) Takuya Hasegawa (KEK) Mary Bishai (BNL) Takashi Kobayashi (KEK) Gary Feldman (Harvard) /Takeshi Nakadaira (KEK) Tadashi Koseki (KEK) Bonnie Fleming (Yale) /Chiaki Omori (KEK) Masashi Yokoyama (Tokyo) Vaia Papadimitriou (FNAL) Bob Zwaska (FNAL) 5

14年1月30日木曜日 US-J Research Subjects • for accelerator neutrino experiments.

• Accelerator R&D for the MW beam power • T. Koseki, C. Omori, B. Zwaska • High power neutrino beam production R&D • T. Kobayashi, T. Nakadaira, M. Bishai, V. Papadimitriou • High performance detector R&D • T. Hasegawa, M. Yokoyama, S. Brice, B. Fleming • Physics development • T. Nakaya, G. Feldman

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14年1月30日木曜日 Accelerator Development • Kicker R&D • Beam simulations • Collimation • Harmonic RF • Techniques for low-loss / high-power operation • Ion Source • RFQ • Linac modeling • Beam Instrumentation • Extraction Septum for Slow Spill • Magnet Power Supplies

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14年1月30日木曜日 Accelerator Development For 1 Hz cycle operation: Injection kicker problems four improvements - Large betatron amplitudeKicker and beamImprovements loss due to extra kick of the injection kicker - Slow rise time• (~350 ns) of the injection kicker: FX/RF section For near future operation with the 2nd harmonic rf system, faster rise time is required.

Horizontal phase space plots of the circulating bunches at the injection timing PS Building #3 K1 inj

(3) Upgrade of injection and New PS K2 inj extraction devices Building (2) Replacement of the rf cavities K3 inj New magnetic core New PS Building material for the higher K4 inj field gradient system has been developed. Injection/collimator section SX section (4) Upgrade of ring collimator section

(1) Replacement of the magnet power supplies 8 All the main magnet power supplies will be 14年1月30日木曜日 replaced with newly developed high rep./low ripple PS. New PS buildings will be added. Neutrino Beam Production • Material R&D for beam exposure • target • beam window • Proton Beam Monitors • Handling of radio-activated material • Hadron production at the target • Ar-41 handling • Beam focusing Device

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14年1月30日木曜日 Primary'proton'beam.line

Bend the beam by ~80° Using Super-conducting Neutrino Beam Production combined function Magnets Target Samples from BLIP test Beam position monitor Beam profile monitor NC magnets Irradiation damage in water-cooled 3D carbon composite Using MIC LBNE candidate target samples irradiated at BLIP. (Mineral-insulation-cable)

 Peak integrated flux about 5.9e20 proton/cm2  Average over 1 sigma area about 4.6e20 proton/cm2 Secured operation is important for high intensity beam.  ~ 150 tensile samples tested Allowable beam loss: ~1W/m. Argon environment

Un-irradiated The HBN samples lost a lot of mass (30-50)% T2K target design and were very weak and brittle Water-cooled

Japan-US Task Force, Oct. 2013 8 Collaboration with NA61@CERN

/c GeV @ 31 @

pC Co-axial 2 cooling pipe (Graphite & Ti-Alloy) multiplicityin

metal + proton Graphite-graphite bonding with thread. seal � beam Graphite part is fixed to Ti parts with bolts. 10 . Successful measurements of hadron production from 30 GeV on a C target 14年1月30日木曜日 for the T2K neutrino experiment at J-PARC . Measurements of particle production from 60-120 GeV protons are even better matched to the capabilities of the beam line and the acceptance of the NA61 spectrometer . The US participation to the NA61 experiment at CERN is very useful for LBNE

Japan-US Task Force, Oct. 2013 19 Advanced Neutrino Detectors 1 • Liquid Ar TPC for far detectors • Sensitivity studies with various configurations. • Realization of huge underground detector • 1kt scale final prototyping • Charged Beam test with Lq. Ar TPC • Lq. Ar TPC test facility with the neutrino beam (FNAL BNB) • Neutrino Cross sections 11

14年1月30日木曜日 LAr TPC exposed to a charged particle beam @ JPARC

Essential to asses the detector performance from exposure to charged particle beams, providing particles of known We will share important mass, momentum and direction. Anode ✴Vessel dimension: 70cm Φ× 100cm evacuable, information together Drift vacuum insulated! (40 cm) ✴40 × 40 × 80 cm3 TPC inside (130 l)! ✴Drift distance: 40 cm! Cathode ✴first data autumn 2010

PMT

Fast extraction for neutrino K->μν candidate Booster'Neutrino'Beamline'Program'

Slow extraction

Sebastien Murphy ETHZ !28 NNN Kashiwa 10-13 Nov 2013

At FNAL, LArIAT (Lq. Ar beam test) is on going.

Contacts:'Bonnie'Fleming,'Ornella'Palamara,'Dave'Schmitz' 12 14年1月30日木曜日 Advanced Neutrino Detectors 2 • High Pressure TPC R&D for near neutrino detectors • Neutrino Interactions • Plastic detectors for near neutrino detectors • Scintillation fiber track • Water target tracker with thin • Electronics R&D for large photosensor arrays • Development of large aperture photo-sensor

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14年1月30日木曜日 Target part (still a concept) H2O&detector Top&view ν&beam Tracking%layers%(3X%+%3Y)% H2O&detector& K&Water&gap:&100mm& K&Thickness&of&sci.&bar:&3mm& &&&&K>&Thinner&plasGcKscinGllator& &&&&&&&&than&INGRID&to&keep&& &&&&&&&&the&large&water®ion& &&&&K>&Make&the&new&extruded&sci.&at&& &&&&&&&&&Fermilab&by&USKJ&found&to&&&&&? 2. Electronics R&D for&&&&&&&&&be&applied large& photosensor arrays & Water(Signal)&/&CH(BG)&information collected by E.Kearns ~&5.7&(mass&raGo) Some more detail in backup

2. ElectronicsThin (~3mm)Background:, development scintillatorconceptual*design*and*cost*es/mates*for*electronics*to*read*out*a*large*array*of* for →large reduce non-H2O material PMTs*were*done*for*the*LBNE*Water*Cherenkov*op/on.*This*work*could*be*transferred*and* Fermilabphotosensorcon/nued*in*the*context*of*HyperEK,*but*it*would*also*apply*to*other*large*arrays*of*PMTs*in* scintillator arrays production facility is a candidate water*(CHIPS)*and*perhaps*other*contexts.information collected by E.Kearns Possible topics (excellent experienceSome more detail with in backup SciBar, T2K) The*baseline*conceptual*design*for*the*readout*of*a*large* 1. Incorporating a sub-ns TDCarray*of*PMTs*is*an*ADC/TDC*system*read*out*and* in an FPGA (previously custom chip) 4 processed*by*TCP/IP*through*a*massive*network*of* 2. Upgrading readout to Gb-ethernetcommercial*ethernet*switches*and*computers.*This*is*the* speed (previously 10 Mb) design*now*used*by*the*upgraded*SuperEK*electronics,* 3. System test with 100-400 PMT test tank in Kamioka Neutrino designed*by*a*collabora/on*of*U.S.*universi/es*(funded*by* Observatory or elsewhereD.o.E.),*University*of*Tokyo*(ICRR),*and*Japan*industry* (Iwatsu*Co.). 4. Integrating HV production and/or distribution into a single module along with the ADC/TDC electronics (LBNE design)

5. Design for “in-water” electronics to reduce cable weight and cost

Estimated budget: 14 $50K to $200K per year for 2-3 years, depending on scope 14年1月30日木曜日

7 Physics Developments • Improvement of Neutrino Oscillation Analysis • combined analysis? etc.. • Neutrino Cross sections with development of the simulation for neutrino interactions • Reconstruction software development

• Meetings and mini-workshop at FNAL with more experts are desiable.

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14年1月30日木曜日 Our action • Diverse, multipronged and bottom-up R&D subjects are essential • to improve the accelerator power • to produce more intense neutrino beam • to design and to develop gigantic, advance, cost-effective detectors • to improve the analysis techniques with better understanding of systematic errors.

• We are proposing the join US-Japan research for neutrino experiments in the following areas: • Accelerator R&D • Neutrino beam improvement • Detector R&D • Development of physics: oscillation analysis, neutrino cross sections, and more 16

14年1月30日木曜日