FSD2355

Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

Codebook

FINNISH SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVE The bibliographic citation for this codebook: Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006 [codebook]. Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor], 2018.

This codebook has been generated from the version 2.0 (23.7.2018) of the data.

Finnish Social Science Data Archive FIN-33014 University of Tampere

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$ Koodikirjoitin.py v36 @ 2018-07-23 10:39:18.578000 $ To the reader

This codebook is part of the data FSD2355 archived at the FSD (Finnish Social Science Data Archive).The dataset has been described in as much detail as possible in Finnish and English. Variable frequencies, variable and value labels, and missing values have been checked. If neces- sary, the data have been anonymised. The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication. The bibliographic citation suggested by the archive:

Grönlund, Kimmo (Åbo Akademi University) & Herne, Kaisa (University of Turku) & Setälä, Maija (University of Turku): Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006 [dataset]. Version 2.0 (2018-07-23). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [dis- tributor]. http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD2355

The user shall notify the archive of all publications where she or he has used the data. The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data. The codebook contains information on data content, structure and data collection, and includes a list of publications wholly or in part based on the data, according to publication informa- tion received by the FSD. The second part of the codebook contains information on variables: question texts, response options, and frequencies. The third part contains indexes. Variable distributions presented in this codebook have been generated from the SPSS files. Dis- tribution tables present variable values, frequencies (n), frequency percentages (%), and valid percentages (v. %) which take into account missing data. All distributions are unweighted. If the data contain weight variables, these will be found at the end of the variables list. In some cases frequency distributions have been substituted by descriptive statistics. Categorised responses to open-ended questions are not always included in the codebook. Distributions may contain missing data. The note "System missing (SYSMIS)" refers to missing observations (e.g. a re- spondent has not answered all questions) whereas "Missing (User missing)" refers to data the user has defined as missing. For example, the user may decide to code answer alternatives ’don’t want to say’ or ’can’t say’ as missing data. The codebook may contain attached files, the most common one being the questionnaire.

Contents

1 Study description 1 1.1 Titles ...... 1 1.2 Subject description ...... 1 1.3 Structure and collection of the data ...... 3 1.4 Use of data ...... 4

2 Variables 5

3 Indexes 139 3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence ...... 139 3.2 Variables in alphabetical order ...... 153

A Questionnaires in Finnish 159

B Questionnaires in Swedish 195

i

Chapter 1

Study description

1.1 Titles

Titles and data version: Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006 Titles and data version in Finnish: Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006 Titles and data version in Swedish: Deliberativ medborgardiskussion 2006 This codebook has been generated from the version 2.0 (23.7.2018) of the data.

1.2 Subject description

Other material

The project website1

Authoring entity

Grönlund, Kimmo (Åbo Akademi University. Institute for Finland-Swedish Sociological Re- search) Herne, Kaisa (University of Turku. Department of Political Science) Setälä, Maija (University of Turku. Department of Political Science)

Copyright statement for the data

According to the agreement between FSD and the depositor.

1http://www.dce.abo.fi/democratic_deliberation.html

1 1. Study description

Depositor

Grönlund, Kimmo (Åbo Akademi University. Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence - Democ- racy: a Citizen Perspective)

Date of deposit

14.5.2008

Keywords attitudes; democracy; energy; nuclear energy; nuclear power stations; organizations; political action; public opinion

Topic Classification

Fields of Science Classification: social sciences CESSDA Classification: natural resources and energy; political behaviour and attitudes

Series description

The data belong to the series:

Individual datasets

Individual datasets that do not belong to any series.

Abstract

The data contain the responses of five surveys conducted in connection with the deliberative experiment called Citizen Deliberation organised by the Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence "Democracy: a Citizen Perspective", at the Åbo Akademi University. The Citizen Deliberation was en experiment on democratic deliberation, which culminated in the actual deliberation day organised in Turku on the 18th of November 2006. The topic of the discussion was: "Should a sixth nuclear power plant be built in Finland?" Before the actual deliberation day, the partici- pants received balanced information on nuclear energy, and they were also given an opportunity to hear experts’ views on the topic. The discussion was conducted under guidance in small groups. The surveys were conducted in three waves: in September 2006, on the 18th of November 2006, and in February 2007. In September, 2,500 randomly sampled people from Turku region were sent a survey and an invitation to the Citizen Deliberation event. The survey contained questions on nuclear power, energy, social participation, and political activity. In addition, socio-economic background variables were included in the September questionnaire.

2 1.3. Structure and collection of the data

The November wave contained three surveys, which were conducted at the beginning, during, and at the end of the deliberative discussion. In the first survey, the respondents participating in the discussion were asked about their views on energy issues and general knowledge on politi- cal issues. The respondents replied to the second survey after familiarising themselves with the balanced information on nuclear energy and hearing the experts, but before the group discus- sions. The third survey was presented to the respondents at the end of the event, and it contained the same questions that were posed at the beginning of the discussion and in September. In ad- dition, the respondents’ experiences on the Citizen Deliberation were charted. The number of respondents in the November surveys was 135. In February, the participants of the Citizen Deliberation and the respondents volunteered in the September survey were sent a follow-up questionnaire, which included mostly the same questions as the first data collection round, but there were also additional questions for those who had participated in the Citizen Deliberation event. Background variables included the respondent’s gender, age, mother tongue, municipality of residence, year of birth, marital status, education, occupational group, economic activity, house- hold size, and gross income.

1.3 Structure and collection of the data

Country: Finland Geographic coverage: Finland, Varsinais-Suomi Analysis or observation unit type: Event/Process Universe: Randomly selected people from Turku region and the participants of the Citizen Deliberation event Collection date: September 2006 – February 2007 Data collector(s): Åbo Akademi University. Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence - Democ- racy: a Citizen Perspective Data producer(s): Åbo Akademi University. Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence - Democ- racy: a Citizen Perspective Mode of data collection: Self-administered questionnaire: Paper, Self-administered question- naire: Web-based (CAWI) Type of research instrument: Structured questionnaire Time period covered: 2006 Time method of the data collection: Cross-section Number of variables and cases: The data contain 289 variables and 592 cases. Sampling procedure: Mixed probability and non-probability Simple random sampling of 2,500 people from Turku region, judgment sampling of the 135 participants of the Citizen Deliberation event, and a follow-up survey. The original sample con- sisted of 2,000 Finnish-speaking and 500 Swedish-speaking people. Altogether 592 responses were received.

3 1. Study description

1.4 Use of data

Data appraisal

The data were collected in five separate collection rounds and with five different questionnaires. During the archiving, letters a, b, c, d and e have been used to separate questions of different questionnaires. Questions q1a-q76a (questionnaire 1) were collected in September 2006. Ques- tions q1b-q15b (questionnaire 2) were collected in November 2006 at the beginning of the Citizen Deliberation event, questions q1c-q7c (questionnaire 3) during the event, and questions q1d-q90d (questionnaire 4) after it. Questions q1e-q74e (questionnaire 5) were collected in February 2007.

Related publications

Grönlund, Kimmo & Setälä, Maija & Herne, Kaisa (2010). Deliberation and Civic Virtue. Lessons from a Citizen Deliberation Experiment. European Political Science Review 2, 95-117. DOI:10.1017/S1755773909990245 Grönlund, Kimmo & Strandberg, Kim & Himmelroos, Staffan (2009). The Challenge of Delib- erative Democracy Online. A Comparison of Face-to-Face and Virtual Experiments in Citizen Deliberation. Information Polity 14, 187-201. Updated list of publications in the study description at

https://services.fsd.uta.fi/catalogue/FSD2355?lang=en&study_language=en

Location of the data collection

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Weighting

There are no weight variables in the data.

Restrictions

The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.

4 Chapter 2

Variables

[FSD_NO] FSD study number

Question

FSD study number

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 592 minimum 2355.00 maximum 2355.00 mean 2355.00 standard deviation 0.00

[FSD_VR] FSD edition number

Question

FSD edition number

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 592 minimum 2.00 maximum 2.00 mean 2.00 standard deviation 0.00

5 2. Variables

[FSD_ID] FSD case id

Question

FSD case id

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 592 minimum 1.00 maximum 592.00 mean 296.50 standard deviation 171.04

[Q1A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nu- clear power plant should be built in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nuclear power plant should be built in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 170 28.7 28.8 Agree 2 129 21.8 21.9 Disagree 3 101 17.1 17.1 Strongly disagree 4 144 24.3 24.4 Can’t say 11 46 7.8 7.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q2A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

6 Q4A

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 15 2.5 2.5 Agree 2 79 13.3 13.4 Disagree 3 158 26.7 26.8 Strongly disagree 4 287 48.5 48.6 Can’t say 11 51 8.6 8.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q3A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 304 51.4 51.5 Agree 2 204 34.5 34.6 Disagree 3 46 7.8 7.8 Strongly disagree 4 17 2.9 2.9 Can’t say 11 19 3.2 3.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q4A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: More elec- tricity should be imported from other countries

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 27 4.6 4.6 Agree 2 101 17.1 17.2 Disagree 3 224 37.8 38.2

(continued on next page)

7 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Strongly disagree 4 186 31.4 31.7 Can’t say 11 48 8.1 8.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 6 1.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q5A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 88 14.9 14.9 Agree 2 201 34.0 34.1 Disagree 3 149 25.2 25.3 Strongly disagree 4 103 17.4 17.5 Can’t say 11 48 8.1 8.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 3 0.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q6A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 352 59.5 59.8 Agree 2 162 27.4 27.5 Disagree 3 45 7.6 7.6 Strongly disagree 4 22 3.7 3.7

(continued on next page)

8 Q8A

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 8 1.4 1.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 3 0.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q7A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 149 25.2 25.3 Agree 2 152 25.7 25.8 Disagree 3 108 18.2 18.3 Strongly disagree 4 154 26.0 26.1 Can’t say 11 27 4.6 4.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q8A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encourag- ing citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encouraging citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 338 57.1 57.3 Agree 2 193 32.6 32.7 Disagree 3 39 6.6 6.6 Strongly disagree 4 12 2.0 2.0

(continued on next page)

9 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 8 1.4 1.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q9A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy con- sumption should be reduced to combat climate change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy consumption should be reduced to combat climate change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 315 53.2 53.3 Agree 2 196 33.1 33.2 Disagree 3 53 9.0 9.0 Strongly disagree 4 14 2.4 2.4 Can’t say 11 13 2.2 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 1 0.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q10A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of re- newable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of renewable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 370 62.5 62.9 Agree 2 171 28.9 29.1 Disagree 3 28 4.7 4.8 Strongly disagree 4 8 1.4 1.4 Can’t say 11 11 1.9 1.9

(continued on next page)

10 Q12A

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q11A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased to combat climate change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 153 25.8 26.0 Agree 2 159 26.9 27.0 Disagree 3 106 17.9 18.0 Strongly disagree 4 131 22.1 22.3 Can’t say 11 39 6.6 6.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q12A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possi- bility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possibility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 234 39.5 39.8 Agree 2 172 29.1 29.3 Disagree 3 114 19.3 19.4 Strongly disagree 4 58 9.8 9.9 Can’t say 11 10 1.7 1.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 –

(continued on next page)

11 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % 592 100.0 100.0

[Q13A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The ex- traction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The extraction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 173 29.2 29.4 Agree 2 157 26.5 26.7 Disagree 3 129 21.8 21.9 Strongly disagree 4 30 5.1 5.1 Can’t say 11 99 16.7 16.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q14A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The stor- age of nuclear waste entails significant risks

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The storage of nuclear waste entails significant risks

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 266 44.9 45.2 Agree 2 157 26.5 26.7 Disagree 3 111 18.8 18.8 Strongly disagree 4 33 5.6 5.6 Can’t say 11 22 3.7 3.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 3 0.5 –

(continued on next page)

12 Q16A

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % 592 100.0 100.0

[Q15A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 82 13.9 13.9 Agree 2 150 25.3 25.5 Disagree 3 171 28.9 29.1 Strongly disagree 4 163 27.5 27.7 Can’t say 11 22 3.7 3.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q16A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 83 14.0 14.1 Agree 2 134 22.6 22.7 Disagree 3 104 17.6 17.6 Strongly disagree 4 165 27.9 28.0 Can’t say 11 104 17.6 17.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

13 2. Variables

[Q17A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referen- dum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referendum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 219 37.0 37.1 Agree 2 118 19.9 20.0 Disagree 3 86 14.5 14.6 Strongly disagree 4 135 22.8 22.9 Can’t say 11 32 5.4 5.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q18A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 212 35.8 35.8 Agree 2 258 43.6 43.6 Disagree 3 76 12.8 12.8 Strongly disagree 4 32 5.4 5.4 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 2.4 592 100.0 100.0

14 Q20A

[Q19A] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 389 65.7 65.7 Agree 2 150 25.3 25.3 Disagree 3 28 4.7 4.7 Strongly disagree 4 20 3.4 3.4 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 0.8 592 100.0 100.0

[Q20A] Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nuclear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up)

Question

Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nu- clear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 1, 2, 3 1 161 27.2 37.7 1, 3, 2 2 3 0.5 0.7 2, 1, 3 3 91 15.4 21.3 2, 3, 1 4 2 0.3 0.5 3, 1, 2 5 79 13.3 18.5 3, 2, 1 6 91 15.4 21.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 165 27.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

15 2. Variables

[Q21A] How certain are you about the order in the previous question?

Question

How certain are you about the order in the previous question?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Certain 1 244 41.2 41.6 Fairly certain 2 267 45.1 45.5 Fairly uncertain 3 70 11.8 11.9 Uncertain 4 6 1.0 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 5 0.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q22A] How interested are you in energy policy?

Question

How interested are you in energy policy?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very interested 1 71 12.0 12.1 Fairly interested 2 339 57.3 57.8 Not very interested 3 152 25.7 25.9 Not at all interested 4 14 2.4 2.4 Can’t say 11 11 1.9 1.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 5 0.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q23A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections

Frequencies

16 Q25A

label value n % v. % Have done 1 555 93.8 94.1 Have not done, but could do 2 25 4.2 4.2 Would never do 3 7 1.2 1.2 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 0.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q24A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 101 17.1 17.3 Have not done, but could do 2 400 67.6 68.4 Would never do 3 69 11.7 11.8 Can’t say 11 15 2.5 2.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 7 1.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q25A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 127 21.5 21.8 Have not done, but could do 2 354 59.8 60.7

(continued on next page)

17 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Would never do 3 73 12.3 12.5 Can’t say 11 29 4.9 5.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 9 1.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q26A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 347 58.6 59.2 Have not done, but could do 2 196 33.1 33.4 Would never do 3 31 5.2 5.3 Can’t say 11 12 2.0 2.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 6 1.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q27A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 156 26.4 26.7 Have not done, but could do 2 304 51.4 52.0 Would never do 3 87 14.7 14.9 Can’t say 11 38 6.4 6.5

(continued on next page)

18 Q29A

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 7 1.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q28A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 84 14.2 14.3 Have not done, but could do 2 289 48.8 49.1 Would never do 3 166 28.0 28.2 Can’t say 11 49 8.3 8.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q29A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 20 3.4 3.4 Have not done, but could do 2 112 18.9 19.2 Would never do 3 409 69.1 70.2 Can’t say 11 42 7.1 7.2

(continued on next page)

19 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 9 1.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q30A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 5 0.8 0.9 Have not done, but could do 2 41 6.9 7.0 Would never do 3 521 88.0 88.8 Can’t say 11 20 3.4 3.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 5 0.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q31A] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 0 0.0 0.0 Have not done, but could do 2 21 3.5 3.6 Would never do 3 558 94.3 95.1

(continued on next page)

20 Q33A_1

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 8 1.4 1.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 5 0.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q32A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 325 54.9 57.9 Only a member 2 127 21.5 22.6 Active member 3 109 18.4 19.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 31 5.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q32A_2] Have you donated money to a sports or outdoors club (incl. hunt- ing and fishing clubs)?

Question

Have you donated money to a sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 96 16.2 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 496 83.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q33A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Culture or hobby organisation

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Culture or hobby organisation

21 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 377 63.7 67.7 Only a member 2 100 16.9 18.0 Active member 3 80 13.5 14.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 35 5.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q33A_2] Have you donated money to a culture or hobby organisation?

Question

Have you donated money to a culture or hobby organisation?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 48 8.1 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 544 91.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q34A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Village or district association

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Village or district association

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 422 71.3 76.2 Only a member 2 95 16.0 17.1 Active member 3 37 6.3 6.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 38 6.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q34A_2] Have you donated money to a village or district association?

Question

Have you donated money to a village or district association?

22 Q36A_1

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 15 2.5 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 577 97.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q35A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Trade union

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Trade union

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 195 32.9 34.6 Only a member 2 318 53.7 56.5 Active member 3 50 8.4 8.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 29 4.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q35A_2] Have you donated money to a trade union?

Question

Have you donated money to a trade union?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 12 2.0 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 580 98.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q36A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Organisation re- lated to humanitarian aid, human rights, minorities, or immigrants

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Organisation related to humanitarian aid, hu- man rights, minorities, or immigrants

23 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 445 75.2 84.8 Only a member 2 57 9.6 10.9 Active member 3 23 3.9 4.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 67 11.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q36A_2] Have you donated money to an organisation related to humani- tarian aid, human rights, minorities, or immigrants?

Question

Have you donated money to an organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minori- ties, or immigrants?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 190 32.1 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 402 67.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q37A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Environmental, peace, or animal rights organi- sation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 502 84.8 91.8 Only a member 2 36 6.1 6.6 Active member 3 9 1.5 1.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 45 7.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

24 Q38A_2

[Q37A_2] Have you donated money to an environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation?

Question

Have you donated money to an environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 73 12.3 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 519 87.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q38A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Religious organi- sation or congregation

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Religious organisation or congregation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 425 71.8 75.9 Only a member 2 109 18.4 19.5 Active member 3 26 4.4 4.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 32 5.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q38A_2] Have you donated money to a religious organisation or congre- gation?

Question

Have you donated money to a religious organisation or congregation?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 40 6.8 100.0

(continued on next page)

25 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 552 93.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q39A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Political party

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Political party

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 492 83.1 87.1 Only a member 2 50 8.4 8.8 Active member 3 23 3.9 4.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 27 4.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q39A_2] Have you donated money to a political party?

Question

Have you donated money to a political party?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 17 2.9 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 575 97.1 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q40A_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Some other vol- untary/civic organisation not mentioned here

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Some other voluntary/civic organisation not mentioned here

Frequencies

26 Q41A

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 323 54.6 85.2 Only a member 2 25 4.2 6.6 Active member 3 31 5.2 8.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 213 36.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q40A_2] Have you donated money to some other voluntary/civic organi- sation not mentioned here?

Question

Have you donated money to some other voluntary/civic organisation not mentioned here?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 28 4.7 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 564 95.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q41A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 275 46.5 46.6 Agree 2 243 41.0 41.2 Disagree 3 45 7.6 7.6 Strongly disagree 4 23 3.9 3.9 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

27 2. Variables

[Q42A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politicians have no influence on my life

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politi- cians have no influence on my life

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 41 6.9 6.9 Agree 2 112 18.9 19.0 Disagree 3 145 24.5 24.6 Strongly disagree 4 284 48.0 48.1 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 1.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q43A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 212 35.8 35.9 Agree 2 201 34.0 34.0 Disagree 3 111 18.8 18.8 Strongly disagree 4 49 8.3 8.3 Can’t say 11 18 3.0 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 1 0.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

28 Q45A

[Q44A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 279 47.1 47.4 Agree 2 128 21.6 21.7 Disagree 3 113 19.1 19.2 Strongly disagree 4 63 10.6 10.7 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 3 0.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q45A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really un- derstand what is going on

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really understand what is going on

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 186 31.4 31.7 Agree 2 286 48.3 48.8 Disagree 3 66 11.1 11.3 Strongly disagree 4 43 7.3 7.3 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 0.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 6 1.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

29 2. Variables

[Q46A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 74 12.5 12.6 Agree 2 204 34.5 34.8 Disagree 3 195 32.9 33.3 Strongly disagree 4 108 18.2 18.4 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 0.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 6 1.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q47A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 57 9.6 9.8 Agree 2 136 23.0 23.3 Disagree 3 165 27.9 28.3 Strongly disagree 4 137 23.1 23.5 Can’t say 11 88 14.9 15.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 9 1.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

30 Q49A

[Q48A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 60 10.1 10.3 Agree 2 193 32.6 33.0 Disagree 3 226 38.2 38.6 Strongly disagree 4 86 14.5 14.7 Can’t say 11 20 3.4 3.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 7 1.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q49A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy deci- sions will be the same

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy decisions will be the same

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 70 11.8 11.9 Agree 2 153 25.8 26.1 Disagree 3 168 28.4 28.6 Strongly disagree 4 164 27.7 27.9 Can’t say 11 32 5.4 5.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 5 0.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

31 2. Variables

[Q50A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 179 30.2 30.4 Agree 2 171 28.9 29.1 Disagree 3 135 22.8 23.0 Strongly disagree 4 82 13.9 13.9 Can’t say 11 21 3.5 3.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q51A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 380 64.2 65.0 Agree 2 154 26.0 26.3 Disagree 3 13 2.2 2.2 Strongly disagree 4 6 1.0 1.0 Can’t say 11 32 5.4 5.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 7 1.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

32 Q54A

[Q52A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 57 9.6 9.7 Agree 2 282 47.6 48.0 Disagree 3 177 29.9 30.2 Strongly disagree 4 57 9.6 9.7 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 2.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 5 0.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q53A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 156 26.4 26.6 Agree 2 286 48.3 48.8 Disagree 3 91 15.4 15.5 Strongly disagree 4 24 4.1 4.1 Can’t say 11 29 4.9 4.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 6 1.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q54A] Can you identify with some political party? Which?

Question

Can you identify with some political party? Which?

33 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % National Coalition Party (KOK) 1 82 13.9 15.3 True Finns (PS) 2 8 1.4 1.5 Swedish People’s Party in Finland (RKP) 3 53 9.0 9.9 Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 4 53 9.0 9.9 Christian Democrats (KD) 5 6 1.0 1.1 Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 6 76 12.8 14.2 Left Alliance (VAS) 7 25 4.2 4.7 Green League (VIHR) 8 33 5.6 6.2 Some other party 9 5 0.8 0.9 Can’t identify with any party 10 144 24.3 26.9 Can’t say 11 51 8.6 9.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 56 9.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q55A] How many different political parties have you voted for in parlia- mentary elections so far?

Question

How many different political parties have you voted for in parliamentary elections so far?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have always voted for candidates of the same party 1 194 32.8 33.4 Have voted for candidates of two or three different 2 326 55.1 56.2 parties Have voted for candidates of four or more parties 3 23 3.9 4.0 Have never voted 4 21 3.5 3.6 Can’t say 11 16 2.7 2.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 12 2.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q56A] Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections?

Question

Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections?

Frequencies

34 Q58A

label value n % v. % Yes, I will certainly vote 1 429 72.5 72.7 Yes, I will almost certainly vote 2 107 18.1 18.1 I don’t think I will vote 3 28 4.7 4.7 No, I will certainly not vote 4 16 2.7 2.7 Can’t say 11 10 1.7 1.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 2 0.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q57A] How interested are you in politics?

Question

How interested are you in politics?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very interested 1 55 9.3 9.4 Fairly interested 2 312 52.7 53.1 Not very interested 3 187 31.6 31.8 Not at all interested 4 26 4.4 4.4 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 1.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q58A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 142 24.0 24.2 Agree 2 328 55.4 55.9 Disagree 3 94 15.9 16.0 Strongly disagree 4 16 2.7 2.7 Can’t say 11 7 1.2 1.2

(continued on next page)

35 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 5 0.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q59A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 39 6.6 6.6 Agree 2 159 26.9 27.0 Disagree 3 223 37.7 37.9 Strongly disagree 4 144 24.3 24.4 Can’t say 11 24 4.1 4.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 3 0.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q60A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 363 61.3 61.6 Agree 2 193 32.6 32.8 Disagree 3 27 4.6 4.6 Strongly disagree 4 5 0.8 0.8 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.2

(continued on next page)

36 Q62A

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 3 0.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q61A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 245 41.4 41.8 Agree 2 191 32.3 32.6 Disagree 3 127 21.5 21.7 Strongly disagree 4 15 2.5 2.6 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 1.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 6 1.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q62A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 137 23.1 23.3 Agree 2 267 45.1 45.4 Disagree 3 116 19.6 19.7 Strongly disagree 4 41 6.9 7.0 Can’t say 11 27 4.6 4.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

37 2. Variables

[Q63A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 37 6.3 6.3 Agree 2 129 21.8 21.9 Disagree 3 201 34.0 34.2 Strongly disagree 4 208 35.1 35.4 Can’t say 11 13 2.2 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 4 0.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q64A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 192 32.4 32.6 Agree 2 305 51.5 51.8 Disagree 3 71 12.0 12.1 Strongly disagree 4 15 2.5 2.5 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 3 0.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

38 Q67A

[Q65A] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor)

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 52 8.8 18.8 Agree 2 35 5.9 12.7 Disagree 3 21 3.5 7.6 Strongly disagree 4 73 12.3 26.4 Can’t say 11 95 16.0 34.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 316 53.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q66A] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parlia- ment

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parliament

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 36 6.1 6.2 Quite a lot 2 318 53.7 54.7 Fairly little 3 171 28.9 29.4 Very little 4 39 6.6 6.7 Can’t say 11 17 2.9 2.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 11 1.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q67A] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system

39 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 127 21.5 21.7 Quite a lot 2 332 56.1 56.8 Fairly little 3 86 14.5 14.7 Very little 4 25 4.2 4.3 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 2.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 8 1.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q68A] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 198 33.4 33.8 Quite a lot 2 332 56.1 56.8 Fairly little 3 39 6.6 6.7 Very little 4 14 2.4 2.4 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 0.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 7 1.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q69A] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politi- cians

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politicians

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 0 0.0 0.0 Quite a lot 2 183 30.9 31.4 Fairly little 3 252 42.6 43.2 Very little 4 130 22.0 22.3

(continued on next page)

40 Q71A

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 18 3.0 3.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 9 1.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q70A] The respondent’s occupational group

Question

The respondent’s occupational group

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Farmer, agricultural entrepreneur 1 11 1.9 2.0 Other employer, self-employed, own account worker 2 40 6.8 7.2 Higher managerial employee 3 21 3.5 3.8 Lower managerial/professional employee 4 58 9.8 10.4 Intermediate level employee (clerical, technical, ad- 5 57 9.6 10.2 min.) Worker 6 127 21.5 22.7 Pensioner/retired 7 178 30.1 31.8 Student 8 41 6.9 7.3 Housewife/house husband, homemaker 9 9 1.5 1.6 Other 10 17 2.9 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 33 5.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q71A] The respondent’s former occupational group if retired

Question

The respondent’s former occupational group if retired

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Farmer, agricultural entrepreneur 1 13 2.2 7.6 Other employer, self-employed, own account worker 2 17 2.9 9.9 Higher managerial employee 3 21 3.5 12.2

(continued on next page)

41 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Lower managerial/professional employee 4 25 4.2 14.5 Intermediate level employee (clerical, technical, ad- 5 37 6.3 21.5 min.) Worker 6 54 9.1 31.4 Student 7 0 0.0 0.0 Housewife/house husband, homemaker 8 0 0.0 0.0 Other 9 5 0.8 2.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 420 70.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q72A] The respondent’s education

Question

The respondent’s education

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Primary education 1 78 13.2 13.4 Lower secondary education 2 32 5.4 5.5 Upper secondary education (vocational) 3 143 24.2 24.5 Upper secondary education (general) 4 54 9.1 9.2 College-level vocational education 5 91 15.4 15.6 Polytechnic or lower university degree (Bachelor’s 6 88 14.9 15.1 degree or equivalent) Higher academic degree (Master’s degree or equva- 7 84 14.2 14.4 lent) Doctor’s degree 8 6 1.0 1.0 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 1.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 8 1.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q73A] The gross annual income of the household (total income of all house- hold members before tax)

Question

The gross annual income of the household (total income of all household members before tax)

Frequencies

42 Q74A_2

label value n % v. % Under 10,000 euros per year 1 40 6.8 7.0 10,001 - 20,000 euros per year 2 95 16.0 16.6 20,001 - 30,000 euros per year 3 108 18.2 18.9 30,001 - 40,000 euros per year 4 83 14.0 14.5 40,001 - 50,000 euros per year 5 69 11.7 12.1 50,001 - 60,000 euros per year 6 55 9.3 9.6 60,001 - 90,000 euros per year 7 59 10.0 10.3 Over 90,001 euros per year 8 22 3.7 3.8 Can’t say 11 41 6.9 7.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 20 3.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q74A] Number of persons living in the household

Question

Number of persons living in the household

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 585 minimum 1.00 maximum 7.00 mean 2.29 standard deviation 1.13

[Q74A_2] Number of persons aged under 18 in the household

Question

Number of persons aged under 18 in the household

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 585 minimum 0.00 maximum 5.00 mean 0.46 standard deviation 0.88

43 2. Variables

[Q75A] The respondent’s marital status

Question

The respondent’s marital status

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Single, never married 1 90 15.2 15.4 Married or in registered partnership 2 311 52.5 53.1 Cohabiting 3 97 16.4 16.6 Divorced or separated 4 55 9.3 9.4 Widowed 5 27 4.6 4.6 Other 6 6 1.0 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 6 1.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q76A] The respondent’s employment status

Question

The respondent’s employment status

Frequencies

label value n % v. % In full-time work 1 303 51.2 52.2 In part-time work 2 39 6.6 6.7 Unemployed 3 24 4.1 4.1 Laid-off 4 0 0.0 0.0 Not in the labour market 5 214 36.1 36.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 12 2.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[ANMALDA] Yes, I want to participate in the Citizen Deliberation organ- ised on 18 November 2006 in Turku

Question

Yes, I want to participate in the Citizen Deliberation organised on 18 November 2006 in Turku

Frequencies

44 Q2B

label value n % v. % Yes 1 244 41.2 41.2 No, replied only to the survey 2 348 58.8 58.8 592 100.0 100.0

[Q1B] Which of the following energy sources produced the most electricity in Finland in 2005?

Question

Which of the following energy sources produced the most electricity in Finland in 2005?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Coal 1 22 3.7 16.3 Hydropower 2 36 6.1 26.7 Nuclear power 3 59 10.0 43.7 Natural gas 4 4 0.7 3.0 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 10.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q2B] How many nuclear power plants are there in use in Finland at the moment?

Question

How many nuclear power plants are there in use in Finland at the moment?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 2 1 28 4.7 20.7 3 2 8 1.4 5.9 4 3 70 11.8 51.9 5 4 27 4.6 20.0 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

45 2. Variables

[Q3B] What is meant by a parliamentary form of government?

Question

What is meant by a parliamentary form of government?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Democracy 1 37 6.3 27.6 The parliament has the support of the government 2 16 2.7 11.9 The government has the support of the parliament 3 71 12.0 53.0 The government has the support of the president 4 1 0.2 0.7 Can’t say 11 9 1.5 6.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q4B] In which of the following Finnish municipalities did the company Cogema (Areva) apply for a permission to map the possibilities for extract- ing uranium?

Question

In which of the following Finnish municipalities did the company Cogema (Areva) apply for a permission to map the possibilities for extracting uranium?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Askola 1 60 10.1 45.8 Eurajoki 2 14 2.4 10.7 Parkano 3 7 1.2 5.3 Tervola 4 7 1.2 5.3 Can’t say 11 43 7.3 32.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q5B] Who is the Minister of Finance in Finland’s present government?

Question

Who is the Minister of Finance in Finland’s present government?

46 Q7B

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Antti Kalliomäki 1 40 6.8 29.9 Eero Heinäluoma 2 81 13.7 60.4 Kimmo Sasi 3 0 0.0 0.0 Liisa Hyssälä 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 11 1.9 8.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q6B] Which proportion of the total world production of electricity is pro- duced by nuclear power?

Question

Which proportion of the total world production of electricity is produced by nuclear power?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 16 % 1 28 4.7 21.4 25 % 2 32 5.4 24.4 39 % 3 25 4.2 19.1 60 % 4 13 2.2 9.9 Can’t say 11 33 5.6 25.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q7B] Which of the following has been classified as a renewable source of energy according to the EU?

Question

Which of the following has been classified as a renewable source of energy according to the EU?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Peat 1 20 3.4 16.9

(continued on next page)

47 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Hydropower 2 82 13.9 69.5 Nuclear power 3 2 0.3 1.7 Natural gas 4 7 1.2 5.9 Can’t say 11 7 1.2 5.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 474 80.1 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q8B] In which of the following countries is the uranium used in Finnish nuclear power plants extracted?

Question

In which of the following countries is the uranium used in Finnish nuclear power plants ex- tracted?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % France 1 21 3.5 17.8 Sweden 2 1 0.2 0.8 Finland 3 3 0.5 2.5 Russia 4 67 11.3 56.8 Can’t say 11 26 4.4 22.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 474 80.1 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q9B] Based on the number of parliamentary seats, which of the following is the second largest party in Finland at the moment?

Question

Based on the number of parliamentary seats, which of the following is the second largest party in Finland at the moment?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 1 52 8.8 38.5 National Coalition Party (KOK) 2 18 3.0 13.3

(continued on next page)

48 Q11B

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 3 57 9.6 42.2 Left Alliance (VAS) 4 0 0.0 0.0 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 5.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q10B] Where will the nuclear waste from Finnish nuclear power plants be stored?

Question

Where will the nuclear waste from Finnish nuclear power plants be stored?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % It will be stored in Russia 1 6 1.0 4.5 It will be stored in Finland 2 38 6.4 28.8 It will be stored partly in Russia and partly in Finland 3 24 4.1 18.2 No final decision has been made on where it will be 4 52 8.8 39.4 stored Can’t say 11 12 2.0 9.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q11B] Which decision-making body has the final say when the decision on the expansion of nuclear power is made in Finland?

Question

Which decision-making body has the final say when the decision on the expansion of nuclear power is made in Finland?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % The Parliament 1 94 15.9 70.1 The Ministry of Trade and Industry 2 8 1.4 6.0 The Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority 3 1 0.2 0.7

(continued on next page)

49 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % The Government 4 27 4.6 20.1 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q12B] Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council?

Question

Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Coun- cil?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Japan 1 12 2.0 9.4 Canada 2 8 1.4 6.3 Germany 3 19 3.2 14.8 Russia 4 54 9.1 42.2 Can’t say 11 35 5.9 27.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 464 78.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q13B] In which year did the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl in Ukraine explode?

Question

In which year did the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl in Ukraine explode?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 1979 1 15 2.5 11.3 1982 2 14 2.4 10.5 1986 3 97 16.4 72.9 1990 4 4 0.7 3.0 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.3

(continued on next page)

50 Q15B

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q14B] Which of the following countries has held a referendum on nuclear power?

Question

Which of the following countries has held a referendum on nuclear power?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % France 1 8 1.4 6.7 Sweden 2 69 11.7 57.5 Germany (Federal Republic of) 3 4 0.7 3.3 Denmark 4 7 1.2 5.8 Can’t say 11 32 5.4 26.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 472 79.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q15B] According to the current legislation, who is entitled to vote in Finnish parliamentary elections?

Question

According to the current legislation, who is entitled to vote in Finnish parliamentary elections?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % All legal residents in Finland who have reached the 1 12 2.0 9.0 voting age All Finnish citizens who have reached the voting age 2 120 20.3 89.6 Finnish citizens living in Finland who have reached 3 2 0.3 1.5 the voting age Taxpayers living in Finland who have reached the vot- 4 0 0.0 0.0 ing age Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0

(continued on next page)

51 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q1C] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased to combat climate change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 25 4.2 18.5 Agree 2 61 10.3 45.2 Disagree 3 34 5.7 25.2 Strongly disagree 4 12 2.0 8.9 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q2C] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 4 0.7 3.0 Agree 2 15 2.5 11.2 Disagree 3 32 5.4 23.9 Strongly disagree 4 80 13.5 59.7 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 –

(continued on next page)

52 Q4C

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % 592 100.0 100.0

[Q3C] What is your attitude towards the following statements: More elec- tricity should be imported from other countries

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 2 0.3 1.5 Agree 2 20 3.4 14.9 Disagree 3 56 9.5 41.8 Strongly disagree 4 53 9.0 39.6 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q4C] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 71 12.0 52.6 Agree 2 54 9.1 40.0 Disagree 3 6 1.0 4.4 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

53 2. Variables

[Q5C] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 35 5.9 25.9 Agree 2 44 7.4 32.6 Disagree 3 30 5.1 22.2 Strongly disagree 4 24 4.1 17.8 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q6C] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 3 0.5 2.3 Agree 2 34 5.7 26.4 Disagree 3 47 7.9 36.4 Strongly disagree 4 38 6.4 29.5 Can’t say 11 7 1.2 5.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 463 78.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

54 Q1D

[Q7C] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 72 12.2 55.8 Agree 2 47 7.9 36.4 Disagree 3 8 1.4 6.2 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 1.6 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 463 78.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q1D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nu- clear power plant should be built in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nuclear power plant should be built in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 28 4.7 20.7 Agree 2 42 7.1 31.1 Disagree 3 30 5.1 22.2 Strongly disagree 4 34 5.7 25.2 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

55 2. Variables

[Q2D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 2 0.3 1.5 Agree 2 9 1.5 6.7 Disagree 3 25 4.2 18.5 Strongly disagree 4 95 16.0 70.4 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q3D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 71 12.0 53.4 Agree 2 44 7.4 33.1 Disagree 3 15 2.5 11.3 Strongly disagree 4 3 0.5 2.3 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

56 Q5D

[Q4D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: More elec- tricity should be imported from other countries

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 4 0.7 3.0 Agree 2 14 2.4 10.4 Disagree 3 54 9.1 40.0 Strongly disagree 4 62 10.5 45.9 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q5D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 5 0.8 3.7 Agree 2 30 5.1 22.4 Disagree 3 42 7.1 31.3 Strongly disagree 4 51 8.6 38.1 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 4.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

57 2. Variables

[Q6D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 70 11.8 52.6 Agree 2 52 8.8 39.1 Disagree 3 7 1.2 5.3 Strongly disagree 4 4 0.7 3.0 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q7D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 32 5.4 23.9 Agree 2 40 6.8 29.9 Disagree 3 35 5.9 26.1 Strongly disagree 4 23 3.9 17.2 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

58 Q9D

[Q8D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encourag- ing citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encouraging citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 99 16.7 73.3 Agree 2 29 4.9 21.5 Disagree 3 4 0.7 3.0 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q9D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy con- sumption should be reduced to combat climate change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy consumption should be reduced to combat climate change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 87 14.7 64.4 Agree 2 34 5.7 25.2 Disagree 3 12 2.0 8.9 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

59 2. Variables

[Q10D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of re- newable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of renewable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 98 16.6 72.6 Agree 2 30 5.1 22.2 Disagree 3 5 0.8 3.7 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q11D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased to combat climate change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 26 4.4 19.3 Agree 2 57 9.6 42.2 Disagree 3 32 5.4 23.7 Strongly disagree 4 18 3.0 13.3 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

60 Q13D

[Q12D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possi- bility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possibility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 45 7.6 33.6 Agree 2 44 7.4 32.8 Disagree 3 33 5.6 24.6 Strongly disagree 4 12 2.0 9.0 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q13D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The ex- traction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The extraction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 38 6.4 28.1 Agree 2 56 9.5 41.5 Disagree 3 32 5.4 23.7 Strongly disagree 4 4 0.7 3.0 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 3.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

61 2. Variables

[Q14D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The stor- age of nuclear waste entails significant risks

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The storage of nuclear waste entails significant risks

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 42 7.1 31.3 Agree 2 42 7.1 31.3 Disagree 3 39 6.6 29.1 Strongly disagree 4 10 1.7 7.5 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q15D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 15 2.5 11.2 Agree 2 42 7.1 31.3 Disagree 3 41 6.9 30.6 Strongly disagree 4 35 5.9 26.1 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

62 Q17D

[Q16D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 21 3.5 15.8 Agree 2 41 6.9 30.8 Disagree 3 38 6.4 28.6 Strongly disagree 4 26 4.4 19.5 Can’t say 11 7 1.2 5.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q17D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referen- dum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referendum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 39 6.6 29.5 Agree 2 31 5.2 23.5 Disagree 3 18 3.0 13.6 Strongly disagree 4 38 6.4 28.8 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 4.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

63 2. Variables

[Q18D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 72 12.2 53.3 Agree 2 47 7.9 34.8 Disagree 3 14 2.4 10.4 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q19D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 104 17.6 77.0 Agree 2 20 3.4 14.8 Disagree 3 8 1.4 5.9 Strongly disagree 4 3 0.5 2.2 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

64 Q22D

[Q20D] Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nuclear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up)

Question

Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nu- clear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 1, 2, 3 1 25 4.2 19.5 1, 3, 2 2 28 4.7 21.9 2, 1, 3 3 18 3.0 14.1 2, 3, 1 4 15 2.5 11.7 3, 1, 2 5 17 2.9 13.3 3, 2, 1 6 25 4.2 19.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 464 78.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q21D] How certain are you about the order in the previous question?

Question

How certain are you about the order in the previous question?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Certain 1 67 11.3 49.6 Fairly certain 2 62 10.5 45.9 Fairly uncertain 3 6 1.0 4.4 Uncertain 4 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q22D] How interested are you in energy policy?

Question

How interested are you in energy policy?

65 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very interested 1 26 4.4 19.3 Fairly interested 2 89 15.0 65.9 Not very interested 3 18 3.0 13.3 Not at all interested 4 1 0.2 0.7 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q23D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 128 21.6 94.8 Have not done, but could do 2 5 0.8 3.7 Would never do 3 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q24D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor

Frequencies

(continued on next page)

66 Q26D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. %

label value n % v. % Have done 1 24 4.1 17.9 Have not done, but could do 2 101 17.1 75.4 Would never do 3 7 1.2 5.2 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q25D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 35 5.9 25.9 Have not done, but could do 2 90 15.2 66.7 Would never do 3 7 1.2 5.2 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q26D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition

Frequencies

67 2. Variables

label value n % v. % Have done 1 83 14.0 61.9 Have not done, but could do 2 41 6.9 30.6 Would never do 3 8 1.4 6.0 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q27D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 48 8.1 36.1 Have not done, but could do 2 67 11.3 50.4 Would never do 3 12 2.0 9.0 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 4.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q28D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 35 5.9 26.1 Have not done, but could do 2 63 10.6 47.0

(continued on next page)

68 Q30D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Would never do 3 29 4.9 21.6 Can’t say 11 7 1.2 5.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q29D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 5 0.8 3.7 Have not done, but could do 2 37 6.3 27.6 Would never do 3 84 14.2 62.7 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 6.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q30D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 1 0.2 0.7

(continued on next page)

69 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Have not done, but could do 2 14 2.4 10.4 Would never do 3 116 19.6 86.6 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q31D] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 1 0.2 0.7 Have not done, but could do 2 4 0.7 3.0 Would never do 3 127 21.5 94.8 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q32D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 63 10.6 47.4 Agree 2 61 10.3 45.9 Disagree 3 5 0.8 3.8

(continued on next page)

70 Q34D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Strongly disagree 4 4 0.7 3.0 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q33D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politicians have no influence on my life

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politi- cians have no influence on my life

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 4 0.7 3.0 Agree 2 18 3.0 13.5 Disagree 3 42 7.1 31.6 Strongly disagree 4 69 11.7 51.9 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q34D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 32 5.4 24.1 Agree 2 48 8.1 36.1 Disagree 3 36 6.1 27.1 Strongly disagree 4 17 2.9 12.8

(continued on next page)

71 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q35D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 66 11.1 50.0 Agree 2 26 4.4 19.7 Disagree 3 22 3.7 16.7 Strongly disagree 4 16 2.7 12.1 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q36D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really un- derstand what is going on

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really understand what is going on

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 40 6.8 30.1 Agree 2 74 12.5 55.6

(continued on next page)

72 Q38D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Disagree 3 9 1.5 6.8 Strongly disagree 4 9 1.5 6.8 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q37D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 6 1.0 4.5 Agree 2 45 7.6 33.8 Disagree 3 50 8.4 37.6 Strongly disagree 4 31 5.2 23.3 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q38D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 12 2.0 9.2 Agree 2 40 6.8 30.5 Disagree 3 38 6.4 29.0

(continued on next page)

73 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Strongly disagree 4 23 3.9 17.6 Can’t say 11 18 3.0 13.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q39D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 9 1.5 6.8 Agree 2 44 7.4 33.1 Disagree 3 55 9.3 41.4 Strongly disagree 4 22 3.7 16.5 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q40D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy deci- sions will be the same

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy decisions will be the same

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 14 2.4 10.5

(continued on next page)

74 Q42D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Agree 2 41 6.9 30.8 Disagree 3 44 7.4 33.1 Strongly disagree 4 31 5.2 23.3 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q41D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 33 5.6 25.0 Agree 2 45 7.6 34.1 Disagree 3 24 4.1 18.2 Strongly disagree 4 26 4.4 19.7 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q42D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 89 15.0 67.4

(continued on next page)

75 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Agree 2 37 6.3 28.0 Disagree 3 1 0.2 0.8 Strongly disagree 4 1 0.2 0.8 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q43D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 16 2.7 12.0 Agree 2 65 11.0 48.9 Disagree 3 44 7.4 33.1 Strongly disagree 4 6 1.0 4.5 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q44D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 45 7.6 33.8 Agree 2 63 10.6 47.4

(continued on next page)

76 Q46D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Disagree 3 20 3.4 15.0 Strongly disagree 4 1 0.2 0.8 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q45D] How interested are you in politics?

Question

How interested are you in politics?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very interested 1 17 2.9 13.1 Fairly interested 2 68 11.5 52.3 Not very interested 3 38 6.4 29.2 Not at all interested 4 6 1.0 4.6 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 462 78.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q46D] Can you identify with some political party? Which?

Question

Can you identify with some political party? Which?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % National Coalition Party (KOK) 1 25 4.2 21.4 True Finns (PS) 2 3 0.5 2.6 Swedish People’s Party in Finland (RKP) 3 6 1.0 5.1 Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 4 6 1.0 5.1 Christian Democrats (KD) 5 2 0.3 1.7 Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 6 16 2.7 13.7 Left Alliance (VAS) 7 3 0.5 2.6

(continued on next page)

77 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Green League (VIHR) 8 15 2.5 12.8 Some other party 9 1 0.2 0.9 Can’t identify with any party 10 27 4.6 23.1 Can’t say 11 13 2.2 11.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 475 80.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q47D] Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections?

Question

Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes, I will certainly vote 1 105 17.7 78.4 Yes, I will almost certainly vote 2 20 3.4 14.9 I don’t think I will vote 3 4 0.7 3.0 No, I will certainly not vote 4 3 0.5 2.2 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q48D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 40 6.8 29.6 Agree 2 66 11.1 48.9 Disagree 3 23 3.9 17.0 Strongly disagree 4 4 0.7 3.0

(continued on next page)

78 Q50D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q49D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 8 1.4 5.9 Agree 2 42 7.1 31.1 Disagree 3 46 7.8 34.1 Strongly disagree 4 36 6.1 26.7 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q50D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 82 13.9 60.7 Agree 2 44 7.4 32.6 Disagree 3 8 1.4 5.9 Strongly disagree 4 1 0.2 0.7

(continued on next page)

79 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q51D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 59 10.0 44.0 Agree 2 33 5.6 24.6 Disagree 3 36 6.1 26.9 Strongly disagree 4 5 0.8 3.7 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q52D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 32 5.4 23.7 Agree 2 66 11.1 48.9 Disagree 3 27 4.6 20.0 Strongly disagree 4 9 1.5 6.7 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 –

(continued on next page)

80 Q54D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % 592 100.0 100.0

[Q53D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 8 1.4 5.9 Agree 2 31 5.2 23.0 Disagree 3 57 9.6 42.2 Strongly disagree 4 38 6.4 28.1 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q54D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 62 10.5 45.9 Agree 2 59 10.0 43.7 Disagree 3 11 1.9 8.1 Strongly disagree 4 1 0.2 0.7 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 –

(continued on next page)

81 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % 592 100.0 100.0

[Q55D] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor)

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 17 2.9 25.4 Agree 2 6 1.0 9.0 Disagree 3 10 1.7 14.9 Strongly disagree 4 9 1.5 13.4 Can’t say 11 25 4.2 37.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 525 88.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q56D] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parlia- ment

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parliament

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 13 2.2 9.7 Quite a lot 2 91 15.4 67.9 Fairly little 3 26 4.4 19.4 Very little 4 3 0.5 2.2 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

82 Q59D

[Q57D] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 35 5.9 26.3 Quite a lot 2 82 13.9 61.7 Fairly little 3 12 2.0 9.0 Very little 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q58D] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 49 8.3 36.3 Quite a lot 2 78 13.2 57.8 Fairly little 3 5 0.8 3.7 Very little 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q59D] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politi- cians

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politicians

Frequencies

83 2. Variables

label value n % v. % A lot 1 0 0.0 0.0 Quite a lot 2 59 10.0 44.0 Fairly little 3 61 10.3 45.5 Very little 4 12 2.0 9.0 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q60D] Which of the following energy sources produced the most electric- ity in Finland in 2005?

Question

Which of the following energy sources produced the most electricity in Finland in 2005?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Coal 1 20 3.4 14.8 Hydropower 2 40 6.8 29.6 Nuclear power 3 69 11.7 51.1 Natural gas 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q61D] How many nuclear power plants are there in use in Finland at the moment?

Question

How many nuclear power plants are there in use in Finland at the moment?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 2 1 3 0.5 2.2 3 2 0 0.0 0.0 4 3 111 18.8 82.2 5 4 20 3.4 14.8 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7

(continued on next page)

84 Q63D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q62D] What is meant by a parliamentary form of government?

Question

What is meant by a parliamentary form of government?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Democracy 1 34 5.7 25.6 The parliament has the support of the government 2 12 2.0 9.0 The government has the support of the parliament 3 76 12.8 57.1 The government has the support of the president 4 1 0.2 0.8 Can’t say 11 10 1.7 7.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q63D] In which of the following Finnish municipalities did the company Cogema (Areva) apply for a permission to map the possibilities for extract- ing uranium?

Question

In which of the following Finnish municipalities did the company Cogema (Areva) apply for a permission to map the possibilities for extracting uranium?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Askola 1 68 11.5 51.9 Eurajoki 2 10 1.7 7.6 Parkano 3 5 0.8 3.8 Tervola 4 9 1.5 6.9 Can’t say 11 39 6.6 29.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

85 2. Variables

[Q64D] Who is the Minister of Finance in Finland’s present government?

Question

Who is the Minister of Finance in Finland’s present government?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Antti Kalliomäki 1 40 6.8 29.9 Eero Heinäluoma 2 77 13.0 57.5 Kimmo Sasi 3 2 0.3 1.5 Liisa Hyssälä 4 0 0.0 0.0 Can’t say 11 15 2.5 11.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q65D] Which proportion of the total world production of electricity is produced by nuclear power?

Question

Which proportion of the total world production of electricity is produced by nuclear power?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 16 % 1 94 15.9 70.1 25 % 2 20 3.4 14.9 39 % 3 8 1.4 6.0 60 % 4 2 0.3 1.5 Can’t say 11 10 1.7 7.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q66D] Which of the following has been classified as a renewable source of energy according to the EU?

Question

Which of the following has been classified as a renewable source of energy according to the EU?

86 Q68D

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Peat 1 21 3.5 16.7 Hydropower 2 93 15.7 73.8 Nuclear power 3 3 0.5 2.4 Natural gas 4 4 0.7 3.2 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 4.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 466 78.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q67D] In which of the following countries is the uranium used in Finnish nuclear power plants extracted?

Question

In which of the following countries is the uranium used in Finnish nuclear power plants ex- tracted?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % France 1 10 1.7 8.2 Sweden 2 1 0.2 0.8 Finland 3 1 0.2 0.8 Russia 4 97 16.4 79.5 Can’t say 11 13 2.2 10.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 470 79.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q68D] Based on the number of parliamentary seats, which of the following is the second largest party in Finland at the moment?

Question

Based on the number of parliamentary seats, which of the following is the second largest party in Finland at the moment?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 1 49 8.3 36.6

(continued on next page) 87 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % National Coalition Party (KOK) 2 18 3.0 13.4 Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 3 56 9.5 41.8 Left Alliance (VAS) 4 0 0.0 0.0 Can’t say 11 11 1.9 8.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q69D] Where will the nuclear waste from Finnish nuclear power plants be stored?

Question

Where will the nuclear waste from Finnish nuclear power plants be stored?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % It will be stored in Russia 1 2 0.3 1.5 It will be stored in Finland 2 61 10.3 45.9 It will be stored partly in Russia and partly in Finland 3 6 1.0 4.5 No final decision has been made on where it will be 4 62 10.5 46.6 stored Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q70D] Which decision-making body has the final say when the decision on the expansion of nuclear power is made in Finland?

Question

Which decision-making body has the final say when the decision on the expansion of nuclear power is made in Finland?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % The Parliament 1 95 16.0 70.9 The Ministry of Trade and Industry 2 4 0.7 3.0

(continued on next page)

88 Q72D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % The Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority 3 0 0.0 0.0 The Government 4 32 5.4 23.9 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.2 System missing (SYSMIS) . 458 77.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q71D] Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council?

Question

Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Coun- cil?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Japan 1 12 2.0 9.5 Canada 2 12 2.0 9.5 Germany 3 16 2.7 12.7 Russia 4 54 9.1 42.9 Can’t say 11 32 5.4 25.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 466 78.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q72D] In which year did the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl in Ukraine explode?

Question

In which year did the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl in Ukraine explode?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 1979 1 2 0.3 1.5 1982 2 7 1.2 5.2 1986 3 124 20.9 91.9 1990 4 1 0.2 0.7

(continued on next page)

89 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q73D] Which of the following countries has held a referendum on nuclear power?

Question

Which of the following countries has held a referendum on nuclear power?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % France 1 9 1.5 7.2 Sweden 2 73 12.3 58.4 Germany (Federal Republic of) 3 4 0.7 3.2 Denmark 4 7 1.2 5.6 Can’t say 11 32 5.4 25.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 467 78.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q74D] According to the current legislation, who is entitled to vote in Finnish parliamentary elections?

Question

According to the current legislation, who is entitled to vote in Finnish parliamentary elections?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % All legal residents in Finland who have reached the 1 13 2.2 9.6 voting age All Finnish citizens who have reached the voting age 2 121 20.4 89.6 Finnish citizens living in Finland who have reached 3 1 0.2 0.7 the voting age Taxpayers living in Finland who have reached the vot- 4 0 0.0 0.0 ing age

(continued on next page)

90 Q76D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 457 77.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q75D] What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I support the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Question

What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I support the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 34 5.7 26.4 Agree 2 36 6.1 27.9 Disagree 3 24 4.1 18.6 Strongly disagree 4 34 5.7 26.4 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 463 78.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q76D] What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I am against the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Question

What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I am against the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 32 5.4 30.8 Agree 2 19 3.2 18.3 Disagree 3 22 3.7 21.2 Strongly disagree 4 29 4.9 27.9 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.9

(continued on next page)

91 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 488 82.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q77D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My atti- tude towards nuclear power changed during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My attitude towards nuclear power changed during the Citizen Deliberation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 2 0.3 1.5 Agree 2 26 4.4 19.8 Disagree 3 30 5.1 22.9 Strongly disagree 4 69 11.7 52.7 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q78D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My opin- ions on energy policy changed during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My opinions on energy policy changed during the Citizen Deliberation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 9 1.5 6.9 Agree 2 48 8.1 36.6 Disagree 3 38 6.4 29.0 Strongly disagree 4 33 5.6 25.2 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 –

(continued on next page)

92 Q80D

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % 592 100.0 100.0

[Q79D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Participa- tion in the Citizen Deliberation was a pleasant experience

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Participation in the Citizen Deliberation was a pleasant experience

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 108 18.2 82.4 Agree 2 21 3.5 16.0 Disagree 3 2 0.3 1.5 Strongly disagree 4 0 0.0 0.0 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q80D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My knowl- edge on energy issues increased during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My knowledge on energy issues in- creased during the Citizen Deliberation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 79 13.3 60.8 Agree 2 39 6.6 30.0 Disagree 3 8 1.4 6.2 Strongly disagree 4 3 0.5 2.3 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 462 78.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

93 2. Variables

[Q81D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My readi- ness to participate in political or civic activities increased during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My readiness to participate in political or civic activities increased during the Citizen Deliberation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 32 5.4 24.6 Agree 2 56 9.5 43.1 Disagree 3 27 4.6 20.8 Strongly disagree 4 10 1.7 7.7 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 3.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 462 78.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q82D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would gladly participate in a similar event again

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would gladly participate in a similar event again

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 87 14.7 66.4 Agree 2 33 5.6 25.2 Disagree 3 5 0.8 3.8 Strongly disagree 4 0 0.0 0.0 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 4.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

94 Q84D

[Q83D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I partici- pated in the Citizen Deliberation, because the topic interested me

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the topic interested me

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 80 13.5 60.2 Agree 2 44 7.4 33.1 Disagree 3 8 1.4 6.0 Strongly disagree 4 1 0.2 0.8 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q84D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I partici- pated in the Citizen Deliberation, because the participants were given a gift card

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the participants were given a gift card

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 22 3.7 16.7 Agree 2 51 8.6 38.6 Disagree 3 34 5.7 25.8 Strongly disagree 4 24 4.1 18.2 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

95 2. Variables

[Q85D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I partici- pated in the Citizen Deliberation, because the event as a democratic exper- iment interested me

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the event as a democratic experiment interested me

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 70 11.8 53.0 Agree 2 48 8.1 36.4 Disagree 3 6 1.0 4.5 Strongly disagree 4 3 0.5 2.3 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 3.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q86D] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Forms of participation similar to the Citizen Deliberation should be used in political decision-making

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Forms of participation similar to the Citizen Deliberation should be used in political decision-making

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 74 12.5 56.1 Agree 2 44 7.4 33.3 Disagree 3 6 1.0 4.5 Strongly disagree 4 4 0.7 3.0 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

96 Q88D

[Q87D] Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I participated actively in the discussion in my group

Question

Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I participated actively in the discussion in my group

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 64 10.8 48.1 Agree 2 51 8.6 38.3 Disagree 3 15 2.5 11.3 Strongly disagree 4 3 0.5 2.3 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 459 77.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q88D] Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I posed a question to the experts

Question

Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I posed a question to the experts

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 23 3.9 17.7 Agree 2 4 0.7 3.1 Disagree 3 6 1.0 4.6 Strongly disagree 4 94 15.9 72.3 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 462 78.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

97 2. Variables

[Q89D] Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: In the group discussions, people respected and listened to others’ opinions

Question

Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: In the group discussions, people respected and listened to others’ opinions

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 118 19.9 90.1 Agree 2 12 2.0 9.2 Disagree 3 1 0.2 0.8 Strongly disagree 4 0 0.0 0.0 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 461 77.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q90D] Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I managed to bring out my own thoughts satis- factorily in my group

Question

Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I managed to bring out my own thoughts satisfactorily in my group

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 94 15.9 71.2 Agree 2 35 5.9 26.5 Disagree 3 2 0.3 1.5 Strongly disagree 4 1 0.2 0.8 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 460 77.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

98 Q2E

[Q1E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nu- clear power plant should be built in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nuclear power plant should be built in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 113 19.1 36.9 Agree 2 64 10.8 20.9 Disagree 3 46 7.8 15.0 Strongly disagree 4 72 12.2 23.5 Can’t say 11 11 1.9 3.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q2E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 6 1.0 2.0 Agree 2 33 5.6 10.8 Disagree 3 72 12.2 23.6 Strongly disagree 4 180 30.4 59.0 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 4.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

99 2. Variables

[Q3E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 159 26.9 52.0 Agree 2 125 21.1 40.8 Disagree 3 15 2.5 4.9 Strongly disagree 4 5 0.8 1.6 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q4E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: More elec- tricity should be imported from other countries

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 10 1.7 3.3 Agree 2 56 9.5 18.4 Disagree 3 120 20.3 39.3 Strongly disagree 4 104 17.6 34.1 Can’t say 11 15 2.5 4.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

100 Q6E

[Q5E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 39 6.6 12.7 Agree 2 100 16.9 32.7 Disagree 3 105 17.7 34.3 Strongly disagree 4 48 8.1 15.7 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 4.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q6E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 180 30.4 59.0 Agree 2 89 15.0 29.2 Disagree 3 22 3.7 7.2 Strongly disagree 4 11 1.9 3.6 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

101 2. Variables

[Q7E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased in Finnish energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 109 18.4 35.6 Agree 2 63 10.6 20.6 Disagree 3 55 9.3 18.0 Strongly disagree 4 68 11.5 22.2 Can’t say 11 11 1.9 3.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q8E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encourag- ing citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encouraging citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 186 31.4 61.2 Agree 2 85 14.4 28.0 Disagree 3 21 3.5 6.9 Strongly disagree 4 9 1.5 3.0 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

102 Q10E

[Q9E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy con- sumption should be reduced to combat climate change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy consumption should be reduced to combat climate change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 180 30.4 58.8 Agree 2 88 14.9 28.8 Disagree 3 23 3.9 7.5 Strongly disagree 4 9 1.5 2.9 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 2.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q10E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of re- newable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of renewable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 200 33.8 65.8 Agree 2 79 13.3 26.0 Disagree 3 10 1.7 3.3 Strongly disagree 4 6 1.0 2.0 Can’t say 11 9 1.5 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

103 2. Variables

[Q11E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power should be increased to combat climate change

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 96 16.2 31.5 Agree 2 82 13.9 26.9 Disagree 3 47 7.9 15.4 Strongly disagree 4 63 10.6 20.7 Can’t say 11 17 2.9 5.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q12E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possi- bility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possibility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 120 20.3 39.5 Agree 2 94 15.9 30.9 Disagree 3 58 9.8 19.1 Strongly disagree 4 24 4.1 7.9 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 2.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

104 Q14E

[Q13E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The ex- traction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The extraction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 100 16.9 32.8 Agree 2 105 17.7 34.4 Disagree 3 62 10.5 20.3 Strongly disagree 4 8 1.4 2.6 Can’t say 11 30 5.1 9.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q14E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: The stor- age of nuclear waste entails significant risks

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The storage of nuclear waste entails significant risks

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 121 20.4 39.8 Agree 2 89 15.0 29.3 Disagree 3 66 11.1 21.7 Strongly disagree 4 15 2.5 4.9 Can’t say 11 13 2.2 4.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

105 2. Variables

[Q15E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nu- clear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 36 6.1 11.8 Agree 2 90 15.2 29.6 Disagree 3 87 14.7 28.6 Strongly disagree 4 82 13.9 27.0 Can’t say 11 9 1.5 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q16E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 36 6.1 11.8 Agree 2 83 14.0 27.2 Disagree 3 68 11.5 22.3 Strongly disagree 4 89 15.0 29.2 Can’t say 11 29 4.9 9.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

106 Q18E

[Q17E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referen- dum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referendum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 87 14.7 28.7 Agree 2 65 11.0 21.5 Disagree 3 50 8.4 16.5 Strongly disagree 4 86 14.5 28.4 Can’t say 11 15 2.5 5.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q18E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 131 22.1 42.8 Agree 2 113 19.1 36.9 Disagree 3 44 7.4 14.4 Strongly disagree 4 15 2.5 4.9 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

107 2. Variables

[Q19E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 219 37.0 71.6 Agree 2 57 9.6 18.6 Disagree 3 19 3.2 6.2 Strongly disagree 4 10 1.7 3.3 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q20E] Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nuclear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up)

Question

Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nu- clear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 1, 2, 3 1 95 16.0 42.0 1, 3, 2 2 1 0.2 0.4 2, 1, 3 3 33 5.6 14.6 2, 3, 1 4 0 0.0 0.0 3, 1, 2 5 43 7.3 19.0 3, 2, 1 6 54 9.1 23.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 366 61.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

108 Q23E

[Q21E] How certain are you about the order in the previous question?

Question

How certain are you about the order in the previous question?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Certain 1 157 26.5 51.8 Fairly certain 2 124 20.9 40.9 Fairly uncertain 3 15 2.5 5.0 Uncertain 4 7 1.2 2.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q22E] How interested are you in energy policy?

Question

How interested are you in energy policy?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very interested 1 55 9.3 18.1 Fairly interested 2 194 32.8 63.8 Not very interested 3 50 8.4 16.4 Not at all interested 4 3 0.5 1.0 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q23E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections

Frequencies

109 2. Variables

label value n % v. % Have done 1 284 48.0 93.1 Have not done, but could do 2 13 2.2 4.3 Would never do 3 7 1.2 2.3 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q24E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 62 10.5 20.4 Have not done, but could do 2 201 34.0 66.1 Would never do 3 35 5.9 11.5 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 2.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q25E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 75 12.7 24.7 Have not done, but could do 2 181 30.6 59.5

(continued on next page)

110 Q27E

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Would never do 3 32 5.4 10.5 Can’t say 11 16 2.7 5.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q26E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 179 30.2 58.9 Have not done, but could do 2 99 16.7 32.6 Would never do 3 17 2.9 5.6 Can’t say 11 9 1.5 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q27E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 75 12.7 24.7 Have not done, but could do 2 163 27.5 53.6 Would never do 3 52 8.8 17.1 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 4.6

(continued on next page)

111 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q28E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you actu- ally done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 46 7.8 15.1 Have not done, but could do 2 150 25.3 49.3 Would never do 3 95 16.0 31.3 Can’t say 11 13 2.2 4.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q29E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 3 0.5 1.0 Have not done, but could do 2 67 11.3 22.0 Would never do 3 214 36.1 70.4 Can’t say 11 20 3.4 6.6

(continued on next page)

112 Q31E

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q30E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 5 0.8 1.6 Have not done, but could do 2 22 3.7 7.2 Would never do 3 263 44.4 86.5 Can’t say 11 14 2.4 4.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q31E] Which of the following forms of social participation have you ac- tually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives

Question

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Have done 1 3 0.5 1.0 Have not done, but could do 2 4 0.7 1.3 Would never do 3 290 49.0 95.4

(continued on next page)

113 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 7 1.2 2.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 288 48.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q32E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 180 30.4 60.2 Only a member 2 62 10.5 20.7 Active member 3 57 9.6 19.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 293 49.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q32E_2] Have you donated money to a sports or outdoors club (incl. hunt- ing and fishing clubs)?

Question

Have you donated money to a sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 45 7.6 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 547 92.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q33E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Culture or hobby organisation

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Culture or hobby organisation

114 Q34E_2

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 196 33.1 66.0 Only a member 2 59 10.0 19.9 Active member 3 42 7.1 14.1 System missing (SYSMIS) . 295 49.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q33E_2] Have you donated money to a culture or hobby organisation?

Question

Have you donated money to a culture or hobby organisation?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 24 4.1 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 568 95.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q34E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Village or district association

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Village or district association

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 229 38.7 78.4 Only a member 2 44 7.4 15.1 Active member 3 19 3.2 6.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 300 50.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q34E_2] Have you donated money to a village or district association?

Question

Have you donated money to a village or district association?

115 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 7 1.2 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 585 98.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q35E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Trade union

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Trade union

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 100 16.9 33.8 Only a member 2 168 28.4 56.8 Active member 3 28 4.7 9.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 296 50.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q35E_2] Have you donated money to a trade union?

Question

Have you donated money to a trade union?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 6 1.0 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 586 99.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q36E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Organisation re- lated to humanitarian aid, human rights, minorities, or immigrants

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Organisation related to humanitarian aid, hu- man rights, minorities, or immigrants

116 Q37E_1

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 246 41.6 86.6 Only a member 2 23 3.9 8.1 Active member 3 15 2.5 5.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 308 52.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q36E_2] Have you donated money to an organisation related to humani- tarian aid, human rights, minorities, or immigrants?

Question

Have you donated money to an organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minori- ties, or immigrants?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 86 14.5 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 506 85.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q37E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Environmental, peace, or animal rights organi- sation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 276 46.6 93.6 Only a member 2 16 2.7 5.4 Active member 3 3 0.5 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 297 50.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

117 2. Variables

[Q37E_2] Have you donated money to an environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation?

Question

Have you donated money to an environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 33 5.6 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 559 94.4 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q38E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Religious organi- sation or congregation

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Religious organisation or congregation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 225 38.0 75.5 Only a member 2 54 9.1 18.1 Active member 3 19 3.2 6.4 System missing (SYSMIS) . 294 49.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q38E_2] Have you donated money to a religious organisation or congre- gation?

Question

Have you donated money to a religious organisation or congregation?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 25 4.2 100.0

(continued on next page)

118 Q40E_1

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % System missing (SYSMIS) . 567 95.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q39E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Political party

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Political party

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 261 44.1 87.6 Only a member 2 28 4.7 9.4 Active member 3 9 1.5 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 294 49.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q39E_2] Have you donated money to a political party?

Question

Have you donated money to a political party?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 10 1.7 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 582 98.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q40E_1] Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Some other vol- untary/civic organisation not mentioned here

Question

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Some other voluntary/civic organisation not mentioned here

Frequencies

119 2. Variables

label value n % v. % Not a member 1 156 26.4 83.9 Only a member 2 10 1.7 5.4 Active member 3 20 3.4 10.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 406 68.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q40E_2] Have you donated money to some other voluntary/civic organi- sation not mentioned here?

Question

Have you donated money to some other voluntary/civic organisation not mentioned here?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes 1 10 1.7 100.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 582 98.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q41E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 152 25.7 49.7 Agree 2 113 19.1 36.9 Disagree 3 21 3.5 6.9 Strongly disagree 4 18 3.0 5.9 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

120 Q43E

[Q42E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politicians have no influence on my life

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politi- cians have no influence on my life

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 17 2.9 5.6 Agree 2 49 8.3 16.1 Disagree 3 92 15.5 30.2 Strongly disagree 4 144 24.3 47.2 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q43E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 105 17.7 34.3 Agree 2 100 16.9 32.7 Disagree 3 68 11.5 22.2 Strongly disagree 4 27 4.6 8.8 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 2.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 286 48.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

121 2. Variables

[Q44E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 146 24.7 47.9 Agree 2 60 10.1 19.7 Disagree 3 66 11.1 21.6 Strongly disagree 4 32 5.4 10.5 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q45E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really un- derstand what is going on

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really understand what is going on

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 86 14.5 28.2 Agree 2 157 26.5 51.5 Disagree 3 39 6.6 12.8 Strongly disagree 4 20 3.4 6.6 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 287 48.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

122 Q47E

[Q46E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 37 6.3 12.3 Agree 2 107 18.1 35.4 Disagree 3 96 16.2 31.8 Strongly disagree 4 62 10.5 20.5 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q47E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 29 4.9 9.6 Agree 2 86 14.5 28.6 Disagree 3 83 14.0 27.6 Strongly disagree 4 67 11.3 22.3 Can’t say 11 36 6.1 12.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 291 49.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

123 2. Variables

[Q48E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 30 5.1 9.9 Agree 2 106 17.9 35.1 Disagree 3 115 19.4 38.1 Strongly disagree 4 46 7.8 15.2 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 1.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q49E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy deci- sions will be the same

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy decisions will be the same

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 33 5.6 10.9 Agree 2 83 14.0 27.5 Disagree 3 104 17.6 34.4 Strongly disagree 4 73 12.3 24.2 Can’t say 11 9 1.5 3.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

124 Q51E

[Q50E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 69 11.7 22.9 Agree 2 107 18.1 35.5 Disagree 3 59 10.0 19.6 Strongly disagree 4 56 9.5 18.6 Can’t say 11 10 1.7 3.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 291 49.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q51E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 205 34.6 67.9 Agree 2 80 13.5 26.5 Disagree 3 9 1.5 3.0 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 0.7 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 2.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

125 2. Variables

[Q52E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 31 5.2 10.3 Agree 2 150 25.3 49.8 Disagree 3 85 14.4 28.2 Strongly disagree 4 30 5.1 10.0 Can’t say 11 5 0.8 1.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 291 49.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q53E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 82 13.9 27.2 Agree 2 151 25.5 50.0 Disagree 3 54 9.1 17.9 Strongly disagree 4 11 1.9 3.6 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 1.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q54E] Can you identify with some political party? Which?

Question

Can you identify with some political party? Which?

126 Q56E

Frequencies

label value n % v. % National Coalition Party (KOK) 1 47 7.9 17.5 True Finns (PS) 2 6 1.0 2.2 Swedish People’s Party in Finland (RKP) 3 26 4.4 9.7 Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 4 18 3.0 6.7 Christian Democrats (KD) 5 2 0.3 0.7 Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 6 42 7.1 15.6 Left Alliance (VAS) 7 12 2.0 4.5 Green League (VIHR) 8 17 2.9 6.3 Some other party 9 2 0.3 0.7 Can’t identify with any party 10 66 11.1 24.5 Can’t say 11 31 5.2 11.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 323 54.6 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q55E] Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections?

Question

Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Yes, I will certainly vote 1 221 37.3 72.9 Yes, I will almost certainly vote 2 53 9.0 17.5 I don’t think I will vote 3 16 2.7 5.3 No, I will certainly not vote 4 7 1.2 2.3 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 2.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q56E] How interested are you in politics?

Question

How interested are you in politics?

Frequencies

127 2. Variables

label value n % v. % Very interested 1 27 4.6 9.0 Fairly interested 2 155 26.2 51.7 Not very interested 3 104 17.6 34.7 Not at all interested 4 14 2.4 4.7 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 292 49.3 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q57E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 87 14.7 28.7 Agree 2 173 29.2 57.1 Disagree 3 32 5.4 10.6 Strongly disagree 4 8 1.4 2.6 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 1.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q58E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 23 3.9 7.6 Agree 2 85 14.4 28.1

(continued on next page)

128 Q60E

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Disagree 3 121 20.4 39.9 Strongly disagree 4 67 11.3 22.1 Can’t say 11 7 1.2 2.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q59E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 190 32.1 62.7 Agree 2 94 15.9 31.0 Disagree 3 15 2.5 5.0 Strongly disagree 4 4 0.7 1.3 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q60E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 120 20.3 40.1 Agree 2 108 18.2 36.1 Disagree 3 64 10.8 21.4 Strongly disagree 4 6 1.0 2.0

(continued on next page)

129 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 293 49.5 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q61E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 64 10.8 21.3 Agree 2 152 25.7 50.5 Disagree 3 64 10.8 21.3 Strongly disagree 4 13 2.2 4.3 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 2.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 291 49.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q62E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 16 2.7 5.3 Agree 2 69 11.7 22.8 Disagree 3 125 21.1 41.4 Strongly disagree 4 90 15.2 29.8

(continued on next page)

130 Q64E

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 2 0.3 0.7 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q63E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 105 17.7 34.8 Agree 2 161 27.2 53.3 Disagree 3 25 4.2 8.3 Strongly disagree 4 7 1.2 2.3 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 1.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q64E] What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor)

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 28 4.7 18.3 Agree 2 25 4.2 16.3 Disagree 3 11 1.9 7.2 Strongly disagree 4 48 8.1 31.4

(continued on next page)

131 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Can’t say 11 41 6.9 26.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 439 74.2 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q65E] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parlia- ment

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parliament

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 23 3.9 7.6 Quite a lot 2 171 28.9 56.6 Fairly little 3 86 14.5 28.5 Very little 4 14 2.4 4.6 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 2.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q66E] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 78 13.2 25.8 Quite a lot 2 169 28.5 56.0 Fairly little 3 40 6.8 13.2 Very little 4 9 1.5 3.0 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 2.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 290 49.0 – 592 100.0 100.0

132 Q69E

[Q67E] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 117 19.8 38.6 Quite a lot 2 157 26.5 51.8 Fairly little 3 21 3.5 6.9 Very little 4 7 1.2 2.3 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q68E] How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politi- cians

Question

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politicians

Frequencies

label value n % v. % A lot 1 2 0.3 0.7 Quite a lot 2 94 15.9 31.0 Fairly little 3 145 24.5 47.9 Very little 4 54 9.1 17.8 Can’t say 11 8 1.4 2.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 289 48.8 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q69E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My atti- tude towards nuclear power changed during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My attitude towards nuclear power changed during the Citizen Deliberation

133 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 5 0.8 4.4 Agree 2 31 5.2 27.2 Disagree 3 22 3.7 19.3 Strongly disagree 4 53 9.0 46.5 Can’t say 11 3 0.5 2.6 System missing (SYSMIS) . 478 80.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q70E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My opin- ions on energy policy changed during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My opinions on energy policy changed during the Citizen Deliberation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 6 1.0 5.3 Agree 2 43 7.3 37.7 Disagree 3 28 4.7 24.6 Strongly disagree 4 33 5.6 28.9 Can’t say 11 4 0.7 3.5 System missing (SYSMIS) . 478 80.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q71E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My knowl- edge on energy issues increased during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My knowledge on energy issues in- creased during the Citizen Deliberation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 72 12.2 63.2

(continued on next page) 134 Q73E

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Agree 2 29 4.9 25.4 Disagree 3 7 1.2 6.1 Strongly disagree 4 6 1.0 5.3 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 System missing (SYSMIS) . 478 80.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q72E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: My readi- ness to participate in political or civic activities increased during the Citizen Deliberation

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My readiness to participate in political or civic activities increased during the Citizen Deliberation

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 30 5.1 26.3 Agree 2 49 8.3 43.0 Disagree 3 17 2.9 14.9 Strongly disagree 4 12 2.0 10.5 Can’t say 11 6 1.0 5.3 System missing (SYSMIS) . 478 80.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q73E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would gladly participate in a similar event again

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would gladly participate in a similar event again

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 90 15.2 78.9

(continued on next page)

135 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Agree 2 20 3.4 17.5 Disagree 3 2 0.3 1.8 Strongly disagree 4 1 0.2 0.9 Can’t say 11 1 0.2 0.9 System missing (SYSMIS) . 478 80.7 – 592 100.0 100.0

[Q74E] What is your attitude towards the following statements: Forms of participation similar to the Citizen Deliberation should be used in political decision-making

Question

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Forms of participation similar to the Citizen Deliberation should be used in political decision-making

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly agree 1 58 9.8 51.3 Agree 2 42 7.1 37.2 Disagree 3 9 1.5 8.0 Strongly disagree 4 2 0.3 1.8 Can’t say 11 2 0.3 1.8 System missing (SYSMIS) . 479 80.9 – 592 100.0 100.0

[BV1] The respondent’s municipality of residence

Question

The respondent’s municipality of residence

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 592 minimum 6.00 maximum 979.00

(continued on next page)

136 BV4

(cont. from previous page)

statistic value mean 646.05 standard deviation 246.96

[BV2] The respondent’s mother tongue

Question

The respondent’s mother tongue

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Finnish 1 469 79.2 79.2 Swedish 2 123 20.8 20.8 592 100.0 100.0

[BV3] The respondent’s gender

Question

The respondent’s gender

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Male 1 295 49.8 49.8 Female 2 297 50.2 50.2 592 100.0 100.0

[BV4] The respondent’s year of birth

Question

The respondent’s year of birth

Descriptive statistics

137 2. Variables

statistic value number of valid cases 592 minimum 1919.00 maximum 1988.00 mean 1955.83 standard deviation 16.98

138 Chapter 3

Indexes

3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence

FSD study number [FSD_NO] ...... 5 FSD edition number [FSD_VR] ...... 5 FSD case id [FSD_ID] ...... 6 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nuclear power plant should be built in Finland [Q1A] ...... 6 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q2A] ...... 6 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q3A] ...... 7 What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries [Q4A] ...... 7 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q5A] ...... 8 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q6A] ...... 8 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production [Q7A] ...... 9 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encouraging citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy [Q8A] ...... 9 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy consumption should be reduced to combat climate change [Q9A] ...... 10 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of renewable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change [Q10A] ...... 10 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change [Q11A] ...... 11 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possibility of a nuclear accident is

139 3. Indexes a significant risk in nuclear energy production [Q12A] ...... 11 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The extraction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm [Q13A] ...... 12 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The storage of nuclear waste entails significant risks [Q14A] ...... 12 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland [Q15A] ...... 13 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland [Q16A] ...... 13 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referendum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland [Q17A] ...... 14 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so [Q18A] ...... 14 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so [Q19A] ...... 15 Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nuclear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up) [Q20A] ...... 15 How certain are you about the order in the previous question? [Q21A] ...... 16 How interested are you in energy policy? [Q22A] ...... 16 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections [Q23A] ...... 16 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor [Q24A] ...... 17 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers [Q25A] ...... 17 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition [Q26A] ...... 18 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike [Q27A] ...... 18 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration [Q28A] ...... 19 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action [Q29A] ...... 19 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously [Q30A] ...... 20 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives [Q31A] ...... 20

140 3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence

Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs) [Q32A_1] ...... 21 Have you donated money to a sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)? [Q32A_2] 21 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Culture or hobby organisation [Q33A_1] . . . . 21 Have you donated money to a culture or hobby organisation? [Q33A_2] ...... 22 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Village or district association [Q34A_1] . . . . 22 Have you donated money to a village or district association? [Q34A_2] ...... 22 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Trade union [Q35A_1] ...... 23 Have you donated money to a trade union? [Q35A_2] ...... 23 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minorities, or immigrants [Q36A_1] ...... 23 Have you donated money to an organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minori- ties, or immigrants? [Q36A_2] ...... 24 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Environmental, peace, or animal rights organisa- tion [Q37A_1] ...... 24 Have you donated money to an environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation? [Q37A_2] 25 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Religious organisation or congregation [Q38A_1] 25 Have you donated money to a religious organisation or congregation? [Q38A_2] ...... 25 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Political party [Q39A_1] ...... 26 Have you donated money to a political party? [Q39A_2] ...... 26 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Some other voluntary/civic organisation not men- tioned here [Q40A_1] ...... 26 Have you donated money to some other voluntary/civic organisation not mentioned here? [Q40A_2] 27 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting [Q41A] ...... 27 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politi- cians have no influence on my life [Q42A] ...... 28 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society [Q43A] ...... 28 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not [Q44A] ...... 29 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really understand what is going on [Q45A] ...... 29 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics [Q46A] ...... 30

141 3. Indexes

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens [Q47A] ...... 30 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland [Q48A] ...... 31 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy decisions will be the same [Q49A] ...... 31 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making [Q50A] ...... 32 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government [Q51A] ...... 32 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks [Q52A] ...... 33 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland [Q53A] ...... 33 Can you identify with some political party? Which? [Q54A] ...... 33 How many different political parties have you voted for in parliamentary elections so far? [Q55A] ...... 34 Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections? [Q56A] ...... 34 How interested are you in politics? [Q57A] ...... 35 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart [Q58A] ...... 35 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance [Q59A] ...... 36 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation [Q60A] ...... 36 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying [Q61A] ...... 37 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble [Q62A] ...... 37 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so [Q63A] ...... 38 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted [Q64A] ...... 38 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor) [Q65A] ...... 39 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parliament [Q66A] ...... 39 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system [Q67A] ...... 39 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police [Q68A] ...... 40 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politicians [Q69A] ...... 40

142 3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence

The respondent’s occupational group [Q70A] ...... 41 The respondent’s former occupational group if retired [Q71A] ...... 41 The respondent’s education [Q72A] ...... 42 The gross annual income of the household (total income of all household members before tax) [Q73A] ...... 42 Number of persons living in the household [Q74A] ...... 43 Number of persons aged under 18 in the household [Q74A_2] ...... 43 The respondent’s marital status [Q75A] ...... 44 The respondent’s employment status [Q76A] ...... 44 Yes, I want to participate in the Citizen Deliberation organised on 18 November 2006 in Turku [ANMALDA] ...... 44 Which of the following energy sources produced the most electricity in Finland in 2005? [Q1B] 45 How many nuclear power plants are there in use in Finland at the moment? [Q2B] ...... 45 What is meant by a parliamentary form of government? [Q3B] ...... 46 In which of the following Finnish municipalities did the company Cogema (Areva) apply for a permission to map the possibilities for extracting uranium? [Q4B] ...... 46 Who is the Minister of Finance in Finland’s present government? [Q5B] ...... 46 Which proportion of the total world production of electricity is produced by nuclear power? [Q6B] ...... 47 Which of the following has been classified as a renewable source of energy according to the EU?[Q7B] ...... 47 In which of the following countries is the uranium used in Finnish nuclear power plants ex- tracted? [Q8B] ...... 48 Based on the number of parliamentary seats, which of the following is the second largest party in Finland at the moment? [Q9B] ...... 48 Where will the nuclear waste from Finnish nuclear power plants be stored? [Q10B] ...... 49 Which decision-making body has the final say when the decision on the expansion of nuclear power is made in Finland? [Q11B] ...... 49 Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Coun- cil? [Q12B] ...... 50 In which year did the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl in Ukraine explode? [Q13B] ...... 50 Which of the following countries has held a referendum on nuclear power? [Q14B] ...... 51 According to the current legislation, who is entitled to vote in Finnish parliamentary elections? [Q15B] ...... 51 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change [Q1C] ...... 52 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in

143 3. Indexes

Finnish energy production [Q2C] ...... 52 What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries [Q3C] ...... 53 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q4C] ...... 53 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production [Q5C] ...... 54 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q6C] ...... 54 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q7C] ...... 55 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nuclear power plant should be built in Finland [Q1D] ...... 55 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q2D] ...... 56 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q3D] ...... 56 What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries [Q4D] ...... 57 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q5D] ...... 57 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q6D] ...... 58 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production [Q7D] ...... 58 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encouraging citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy [Q8D] ...... 59 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy consumption should be reduced to combat climate change [Q9D] ...... 59 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of renewable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change [Q10D] ...... 60 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change [Q11D] ...... 60 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possibility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production [Q12D] ...... 61 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The extraction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm [Q13D] ...... 61 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The storage of nuclear waste entails significant risks [Q14D] ...... 62 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power does not entail

144 3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence any significant risks in Finland [Q15D] ...... 62 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland [Q16D] ...... 63 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referendum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland [Q17D] ...... 63 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so [Q18D] ...... 64 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so [Q19D] ...... 64 Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nuclear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up) [Q20D] ...... 65 How certain are you about the order in the previous question? [Q21D] ...... 65 How interested are you in energy policy? [Q22D] ...... 65 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections [Q23D] ...... 66 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor [Q24D] ...... 66 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers [Q25D] ...... 67 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition [Q26D] ...... 67 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike [Q27D] ...... 68 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration [Q28D] ...... 68 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action [Q29D] ...... 69 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously [Q30D] ...... 69 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives [Q31D] ...... 70 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting [Q32D] ...... 70 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politi- cians have no influence on my life [Q33D] ...... 71 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society [Q34D] ...... 71

145 3. Indexes

What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not [Q35D] ...... 72 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really understand what is going on [Q36D] ...... 72 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics [Q37D] ...... 73 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens [Q38D] ...... 73 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland [Q39D] ...... 74 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy decisions will be the same [Q40D] ...... 74 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making [Q41D] ...... 75 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government [Q42D] ...... 75 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks [Q43D] ...... 76 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland [Q44D] ...... 76 How interested are you in politics? [Q45D] ...... 77 Can you identify with some political party? Which? [Q46D] ...... 77 Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections? [Q47D] ...... 78 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart [Q48D] ...... 78 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance [Q49D] ...... 79 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation [Q50D] ...... 79 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying [Q51D] ...... 80 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble [Q52D] ...... 80 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so [Q53D] ...... 81 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted [Q54D] ...... 81 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor) [Q55D] ...... 82

146 3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parliament [Q56D] ...... 82 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system [Q57D] ...... 83 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police [Q58D] ...... 83 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politicians [Q59D] ...... 83 Which of the following energy sources produced the most electricity in Finland in 2005? [Q60D] ...... 84 How many nuclear power plants are there in use in Finland at the moment? [Q61D] ...... 84 What is meant by a parliamentary form of government? [Q62D] ...... 85 In which of the following Finnish municipalities did the company Cogema (Areva) apply for a permission to map the possibilities for extracting uranium? [Q63D] ...... 85 Who is the Minister of Finance in Finland’s present government? [Q64D] ...... 86 Which proportion of the total world production of electricity is produced by nuclear power? [Q65D] ...... 86 Which of the following has been classified as a renewable source of energy according to the EU? [Q66D] ...... 86 In which of the following countries is the uranium used in Finnish nuclear power plants ex- tracted? [Q67D] ...... 87 Based on the number of parliamentary seats, which of the following is the second largest party in Finland at the moment? [Q68D] ...... 87 Where will the nuclear waste from Finnish nuclear power plants be stored? [Q69D] ...... 88 Which decision-making body has the final say when the decision on the expansion of nuclear power is made in Finland? [Q70D] ...... 88 Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Coun- cil? [Q71D] ...... 89 In which year did the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl in Ukraine explode? [Q72D] ...... 89 Which of the following countries has held a referendum on nuclear power? [Q73D] ...... 90 According to the current legislation, who is entitled to vote in Finnish parliamentary elections? [Q74D] ...... 90 What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I support the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland [Q75D] ...... 91 What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I am against the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland [Q76D] ...... 91 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My attitude towards nuclear power changed during the Citizen Deliberation [Q77D] ...... 92 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My opinions on energy policy changed during the Citizen Deliberation [Q78D] ...... 92 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Participation in the Citizen Deliberation was a pleasant experience [Q79D] ...... 93

147 3. Indexes

What is your attitude towards the following statements: My knowledge on energy issues in- creased during the Citizen Deliberation [Q80D] ...... 93 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My readiness to participate in political or civic activities increased during the Citizen Deliberation [Q81D] ...... 94 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would gladly participate in a similar event again [Q82D] ...... 94 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the topic interested me [Q83D] ...... 95 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the participants were given a gift card [Q84D] ...... 95 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the event as a democratic experiment interested me [Q85D] ...... 96 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Forms of participation similar to the Citizen Deliberation should be used in political decision-making [Q86D] ...... 96 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I participated actively in the discussion in my group [Q87D] ...... 97 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I posed a question to the experts [Q88D] ...... 97 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: In the group discussions, people respected and listened to others’ opinions [Q89D] ...... 98 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I managed to bring out my own thoughts satisfactorily in my group [Q90D] ...... 98 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nuclear power plant should be built in Finland [Q1E] ...... 99 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q2E] ...... 99 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q3E] ...... 100 What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries [Q4E] ...... 100 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q5E] ...... 101 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production [Q6E] ...... 101 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production [Q7E] ...... 102 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encouraging citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy [Q8E] ...... 102 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy consumption should be reduced to combat climate change [Q9E] ...... 103

148 3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence

What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of renewable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change [Q10E] ...... 103 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change [Q11E] ...... 104 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possibility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production [Q12E] ...... 104 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The extraction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm [Q13E] ...... 105 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The storage of nuclear waste entails significant risks [Q14E] ...... 105 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland [Q15E] ...... 106 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland [Q16E] ...... 106 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referendum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland [Q17E] ...... 107 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so [Q18E] ...... 107 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so [Q19E] ...... 108 Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nuclear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up) [Q20E] ...... 108 How certain are you about the order in the previous question? [Q21E] ...... 109 How interested are you in energy policy? [Q22E] ...... 109 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections [Q23E] ...... 109 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor [Q24E] ...... 110 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers [Q25E] ...... 110 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition [Q26E] ...... 111 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike [Q27E] . . . . . 111 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration [Q28E] ...... 112 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action [Q29E] ...... 112

149 3. Indexes

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously [Q30E] ...... 113 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives [Q31E] . . . . . 113 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs) [Q32E_1] ...... 114 Have you donated money to a sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)? [Q32E_2] 114 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Culture or hobby organisation [Q33E_1] . . . 114 Have you donated money to a culture or hobby organisation? [Q33E_2] ...... 115 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Village or district association [Q34E_1] . . . .115 Have you donated money to a village or district association? [Q34E_2] ...... 115 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Trade union [Q35E_1] ...... 116 Have you donated money to a trade union? [Q35E_2] ...... 116 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minorities, or immigrants [Q36E_1] ...... 116 Have you donated money to an organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minori- ties, or immigrants? [Q36E_2] ...... 117 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Environmental, peace, or animal rights organisa- tion [Q37E_1] ...... 117 Have you donated money to an environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation? [Q37E_2] 118 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Religious organisation or congregation [Q38E_1] 118 Have you donated money to a religious organisation or congregation? [Q38E_2] ...... 118 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Political party [Q39E_1] ...... 119 Have you donated money to a political party? [Q39E_2] ...... 119 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Some other voluntary/civic organisation not men- tioned here [Q40E_1] ...... 119 Have you donated money to some other voluntary/civic organisation not mentioned here? [Q40E_2] 120 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting [Q41E] ...... 120 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politi- cians have no influence on my life [Q42E] ...... 121 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society [Q43E] ...... 121 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business

150 3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence whether they want to use their right to vote or not [Q44E] ...... 122 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really understand what is going on [Q45E] ...... 122 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics [Q46E] ...... 123 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens [Q47E] ...... 123 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland [Q48E] ...... 124 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy decisions will be the same [Q49E] ...... 124 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making [Q50E] ...... 125 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government [Q51E] ...... 125 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks [Q52E] ...... 126 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland [Q53E] ...... 126 Can you identify with some political party? Which? [Q54E] ...... 126 Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections? [Q55E] ...... 127 How interested are you in politics? [Q56E] ...... 127 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart [Q57E] ...... 128 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance [Q58E] ...... 128 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation [Q59E] ...... 129 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying [Q60E] ...... 129 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble [Q61E] ...... 130 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so [Q62E] ...... 130 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted [Q63E] ...... 131 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor) [Q64E] ...... 131 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parliament [Q65E] ...... 132

151 3. Indexes

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system [Q66E] ...... 132 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police [Q67E] ...... 133 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politicians [Q68E] ...... 133 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My attitude towards nuclear power changed during the Citizen Deliberation [Q69E] ...... 133 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My opinions on energy policy changed during the Citizen Deliberation [Q70E] ...... 134 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My knowledge on energy issues in- creased during the Citizen Deliberation [Q71E] ...... 134 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My readiness to participate in political or civic activities increased during the Citizen Deliberation [Q72E] ...... 135 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would gladly participate in a similar event again [Q73E] ...... 135 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Forms of participation similar to the Citizen Deliberation should be used in political decision-making [Q74E] ...... 136 The respondent’s municipality of residence [BV1] ...... 136 The respondent’s mother tongue [BV2] ...... 137 The respondent’s gender [BV3] ...... 137 The respondent’s year of birth [BV4] ...... 137

152 3.2. Variables in alphabetical order

3.2 Variables in alphabetical order

According to the current legislation, who is entitled to vote in Finnish parliamentary elections? 51, 90 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I managed to bring out my own thoughts satisfactorily in my group ...... 98 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I participated actively in the discussion in my group ...... 97 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: I posed a question to the experts ...... 97 Assess your own participation and the atmosphere in your group in the Citizen Deliberation: In the group discussions, people respected and listened to others’ opinions ...... 98 Based on the number of parliamentary seats, which of the following is the second largest party in Finland at the moment? ...... 48, 87 Can you identify with some political party? Which? ...... 33, 77, 126 FSDcaseid ...... 6 FSD edition number ...... 5 FSD study number ...... 5 Future of nuclear power in Finland? Rank the alternatives in order of preference (1 More nuclear power plants should be built, 2 The number of nuclear power plants should be kept at present level, 3 Nuclear power should be given up) ...... 15, 65, 108 Have you donated money to a culture or hobby organisation? ...... 22, 115 Have you donated money to a political party? ...... 26, 119 Have you donated money to a religious organisation or congregation? ...... 25, 118 Have you donated money to a sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs)? 21, 114 Have you donated money to a trade union? ...... 23, 116 Have you donated money to a village or district association? ...... 22, 115 Have you donated money to an environmental, peace, or animal rights organisation? . . 25, 118 Have you donated money to an organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minori- ties, or immigrants? ...... 24, 117 Have you donated money to some other voluntary/civic organisation not mentioned here? . 27, 120 How certain are you about the order in the previous question? ...... 16, 65, 109 How interested are you in energy policy? ...... 16, 65, 109 How interested are you in politics? ...... 35, 77, 127 How many different political parties have you voted for in parliamentary elections so far? . .34 How many nuclear power plants are there in use in Finland at the moment? ...... 45, 84

153 3. Indexes

How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Judicial system ...... 39, 83, 132 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Parliament ...... 39, 82, 132 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Police ...... 40, 83, 133 How much do you trust the following Finnish institutions: Politicians ...... 40, 83, 133 In which of the following countries is the uranium used in Finnish nuclear power plants ex- tracted? ...... 48, 87 In which of the following Finnish municipalities did the company Cogema (Areva) apply for a permission to map the possibilities for extracting uranium? ...... 46, 85 In which year did the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl in Ukraine explode? ...... 50, 89 Number of persons aged under 18 in the household ...... 43 Number of persons living in the household ...... 43 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Culture or hobby organisation ...... 21, 114 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Environmental, peace, or animal rights organisa- tion ...... 24, 117 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Organisation related to humanitarian aid, human rights, minorities, or immigrants ...... 23, 116 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Political party ...... 26, 119 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Religious organisation or congregation . 25, 118 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Some other voluntary/civic organisation not men- tioned here ...... 26, 119 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Sports or outdoors club (incl. hunting and fishing clubs) ...... 21, 114 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Trade union ...... 23, 116 Participation in voluntary/civic organisations: Village or district association ...... 22, 115 The gross annual income of the household (total income of all household members before tax) 42 The respondent’s education ...... 42 The respondent’s employment status ...... 44 The respondent’s former occupational group if retired ...... 41 The respondent’s gender ...... 137 The respondent’s marital status ...... 44 The respondent’s mother tongue ...... 137 The respondent’s municipality of residence ...... 136 The respondent’s occupational group ...... 41

154 3.2. Variables in alphabetical order

The respondent’s year of birth ...... 137 What is meant by a parliamentary form of government? ...... 46, 85 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A referendum should be organised on whether to build a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland ...... 14, 63, 107 What is your attitude towards the following statements: A sixth nuclear power plant should be built in Finland ...... 6, 55, 99 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Encouraging citizens to save electricity should be a central focus in Finnish energy policy ...... 9, 59, 102 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Energy consumption should be reduced to combat climate change ...... 10, 59, 103 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Finns would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so ...... 14, 64, 107 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Forms of participation similar to the Citizen Deliberation should be used in political decision-making ...... 96, 136 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the event as a democratic experiment interested me ...... 96 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the participants were given a gift card ...... 95 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I participated in the Citizen Delibera- tion, because the topic interested me ...... 95 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would gladly participate in a similar event again ...... 94, 135 What is your attitude towards the following statements: I would save electricity if there were lack of electricity and citizens were urged to do so ...... 15, 64, 108 What is your attitude towards the following statements: More electricity should be imported from other countries ...... 7, 53, 57, 100 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My attitude towards nuclear power changed during the Citizen Deliberation ...... 92, 133 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My knowledge on energy issues in- creased during the Citizen Deliberation ...... 93, 134 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My opinions on energy policy changed during the Citizen Deliberation ...... 92, 134 What is your attitude towards the following statements: My readiness to participate in political or civic activities increased during the Citizen Deliberation ...... 94, 135 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Blind trust in others is asking for trouble ...... 37, 80, 130 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, most people can be trusted ...... 38, 81, 131 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Generally speaking, people

155 3. Indexes do not work efficiently if they are not forced to do so ...... 38, 81, 130 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: I will donate blood in the next six months (leave blank if not accepted as a donor) ...... 39, 82, 131 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It is safest to assume that all people have bad intentions which they will realise when given a chance ...... 36, 79, 128 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: It pays to be honest in every situation ...... 36, 79, 129 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: Most people are good and nice at heart ...... 35, 78, 128 What is your attitude towards the following statements on people: There is no excuse for lying 37, 80, 129 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Decisions made by politi- cians have no influence on my life ...... 28, 71, 121 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy may have its problems, but it is better than any other form of government ...... 32, 75, 125 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Democracy works generally well in Finland ...... 33, 76, 126 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Finland needs strong leaders who can restore law and order in our society ...... 28, 71, 121 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I am satisfied with the way the present government performs its tasks ...... 33, 76, 126 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: I know more about politics and administration than most citizens ...... 30, 73, 123 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: In a globalising world, Finnish government cannot influence much what happens in Finland ...... 31, 74, 124 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It does not really matter which parties form the government, policy decisions will be the same ...... 31, 74, 124 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: It is people’s own business whether they want to use their right to vote or not ...... 29, 72, 122 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: One can influence matters by voting ...... 27, 70, 120 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Ordinary citizens cannot influence politics ...... 30, 73, 123 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Sometimes politics is so complicated that ordinary people do not really understand what is going on ...... 29, 72, 122 What is your attitude towards the following statements on politics: Use of referendums should be increased in Finnish decision-making ...... 32, 75, 125 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Participation in the Citizen Deliberation was a pleasant experience ...... 93

156 3.2. Variables in alphabetical order

What is your attitude towards the following statements: The extraction of uranium needed in nuclear power production causes substantial harm ...... 12, 61, 105 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The possibility of a nuclear accident is a significant risk in nuclear energy production ...... 11, 61, 104 What is your attitude towards the following statements: The storage of nuclear waste entails significant risks ...... 12, 62, 105 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Uranium extraction should be permitted in Finland ...... 13, 63, 106 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of coal should be increased in Finnish energy production ...... 6, 52, 56, 99 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power does not entail any significant risks in Finland ...... 13, 62, 106 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased in Finnish energy production ...... 9, 54, 58, 102 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of nuclear power should be in- creased to combat climate change ...... 11, 52, 60, 104 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of peat should be increased in Finnish energy production ...... 8, 54, 57, 101 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of renewable sources of energy should be increased to combat climat change ...... 10, 60, 103 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wind power should be increased in Finnish energy production ...... 8, 55, 58, 101 What is your attitude towards the following statements: Use of wood and other bioenergy should be increased in Finnish energy production ...... 7, 53, 56, 100 What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I am against the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland ...... 91 What is your opinion on the question of nuclear power: I support the construction of a sixth nuclear power plant in Finland ...... 91 Where will the nuclear waste from Finnish nuclear power plants be stored? ...... 49, 88 Which decision-making body has the final say when the decision on the expansion of nuclear power is made in Finland? ...... 49, 88 Which of the following countries has held a referendum on nuclear power? ...... 51, 90 Which of the following countries is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Coun- cil? ...... 50, 89 Which of the following energy sources produced the most electricity in Finland in 2005? 45, 84 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Contact political decision-makers ...... 17, 67, 110

157 3. Indexes

Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Engage in civil disobedience with nonviolent direct action 19, 69, 112 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Join a boycott or a payment or buying strike . . . . . 18, 68, 111 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in a peaceful demonstration ...... 19, 68, 112 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Participate in demonstrations in which violence has occurred previously ...... 20, 69, 113 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Sign a petition ...... 18, 67, 111 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Use violence to promote political objectives . . . . . 20, 70, 113 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Vote in elections ...... 16, 66, 109 Which of the following forms of social participation have you actually done or could do to promote a very important issue: Write a letter to the editor ...... 17, 66, 110 Which of the following has been classified as a renewable source of energy according to the EU? ...... 47,86 Which proportion of the total world production of electricity is produced by nuclear power? 47, 86 Who is the Minister of Finance in Finland’s present government? ...... 46, 86 Will you vote in the 2007 parliamentary elections? ...... 34, 78, 127 Yes, I want to participate in the Citizen Deliberation organised on 18 November 2006 in Turku 44

158 Appendix A

Questionnaires in Finnish

159 KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ KYSELYLOMAKE Luottamuksellinen

Voitte vastata kyselyyn myös Internetissä osoitteessa www.dce.abo.fi/kansalaiskeskustelu Tarvitsemanne käyttäjätunnus ja salasana ovat ohessa.

Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä? (1•19) Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa 1 Suomeen tulisi rakentaa kuudes ydinvoimala.

2 Kivihiilen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

3 Puun ja muun bioenergian käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

4 Sähkön tuontia muista maista Suomeen tulisi lisätä.

5 Turpeen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

6 Tuulivoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

7 Ydinvoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

8 Sähkön säästämiseen kannustamisen tulisi olla yksi keskeinen keino suomalaisessa energiapolitiikassa.

9 Energian kulutusta on vähennettävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

10 Uusiutuvien energianlähteiden käyttöä on lisättävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

11 Ydinvoiman käyttöä on lisättävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

12 Ydinvoimaonnettomuuden mahdollisuus on merkittävä ydinvoimaan liittyvä riski.

13 Ydinvoiman tuotantoon tarvittavan uraanin louhinnasta aiheutuu vakavia haittoja.

14 Ydinjätteiden varastointiin liittyy merkittäviä riskejä.

15 Ydinvoiman käyttöön Suomessa ei liity merkittäviä riskejä.

16 Uraanin louhinta Suomessa tulisi sallia.

17 Kuudennen ydinvoimalan rakentamisesta tulisi järjestää kansanäänestys Suomessa.

18 Suomalaiset säästäisivät sähköä, jos sähköstä olisi pula ja kansalaisia kehotettaisiin säästämään sähköä.

19 Säästäisin itse sähköä, jos sähköstä olisi pula ja kansalaisia kehotettaisiin säästämään sähköä. 20 Mitä mieltä olette ydinvoiman tulevaisuudesta Suomessa seuraavan kymmenen vuoden aikana? Laittakaa paremmuusjärjestykseen (1, 2, 3) seuraavat vaihtoehdot (1 = paras, 2, 3 = huonoin).

Ydinvoimaloita tulisi rakentaa Ydinvoimaloiden määrä tulisi Ydinvoimasta tulisi lisää säilyttää nykyisellään luopua.

21 Miten varma olette edellisestä järjestyksestä?

Varma Melko varma Melko epävarma Epävarma

22 Miten kiinnostunut olette energiapolitiikasta?

Erittäin Melko Melko vähän En lainkaan En osaa kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut sanoa

Seuraavassa on joukko erilaisia yhteiskunnallisen osallistumisen muotoja. Jos tunnette jonkin asian edistämisen todella tärkeäksi, miten olette toiminut tai voisitte toimia? (23•31)

Olen En ole tehnyt, En tekisi En tehnyt mutta saattaisin missään osaa tehdä tapauksessa sanoa

23 Äänestää vaaleissa.

24 Kirjoittaa yleisönosastoon.

25 Ottaa yhteyttä poliittisiin päätöksentekijöihin jossakin tärkeässä asiassa.

26 Kirjoittaa nimenne vetoomuksiin.

27 Osallistua boikottiin, maksu• tai ostolakkoon.

28 Osallistua rauhanomaiseen mielenosoitukseen.

29 Osoittaa kansalaistottelemattomuutta osallistumalla väkivallattomaan laittomaan toimintaan.

30 Osallistua sellaisiin mielenosoituksiin, joissa aiemmin on ilmennyt väkivaltaisuutta.

31 Käyttää väkivaltaa poliittisten päämäärien edistämiseksi.

2 Seuraavat kysymykset koskevat erilaisia järjestöjä, joiden toiminnassa ihmiset ovat mukana. (32•40) a) Oletteko jollain tavalla mukana seuraavan tyyppisissä järjestöissä. b) Merkitkää myös, oletteko lahjoittanut rahaa järjestöjen toimintaan. Tavallisia jäsenmaksuja ei lasketa lahjoituksiksi. a. toimintaan osallistuminen b. lahjoittanut rahaa En ole Olen Olen jäsen jäsen vain jäsen ja mukana toiminnassa Kyllä

32 Urheiluseura, ulkoiluseura, mukaan luettuina metsästys• ja kalastusseurat?

33 Kulttuuri• tai harrastusjärjestö?

34 Kylä• tai kaupunginosayhdistys?

35 Ammattiliitto tai –yhdistys?

36 Humanitaariseen apuun, ihmisoikeuksiin, vähemmistöihin tai maahanmuuttajiin liittyvä järjestö?

37 Ympäristöjärjestö, rauhanjärjestö tai eläinten oikeuksiin liittyvä järjestö?

38 Uskonnollinen järjestö?

39 Poliittinen puolue?

40 Jokin muu vapaaehtoisjärjestö, joka ei ole tullut mainituksi, Mikä? ______

Alla on poliittiseen toimintaan liittyviä kysymyksiä. Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä? (41•53)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

41 Äänestämällä voi vaikuttaa asioihin.

42 Poliitikkojen tekemillä päätöksillä ei ole mitään vaikutusta omaan elämääni.

43 Maamme kaipaa vahvoja johtajia, jotka kykenevät palauttamaan yhteiskuntaamme kurin ja järjestyksen.

44 On jokaisen oma asia, käyttääkö hän vaaleissa äänioikeuttaan vai ei.

3 Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

45 Joskus politiikka on niin monimutkaista, että tavallinen ihminen ei oikeastaan ymmärrä, mitä siinä tapahtuu.

46 Tavallinen kansalainen ei voi vaikuttaa politiikkaan.

47 Tiedän enemmän politiikasta ja hallinnosta kuin useimmat kansalaiset.

48 Globalisoituvassa maailmassa Suomen hallitus ei voi paljoakaan vaikuttaa siihen, mitä Suomessa tapahtuu.

49 Harjoitetun politiikan kannalta ei ole paljoakaan väliä, mitkä puolueet ovat Suomen hallituksessa.

50 Kansanäänestysten käyttöä suomalaisessa päätöksenteossa tulisi lisätä.

51 Demokratialla voi olla ongelmansa, mutta se on parempi kuin muut hallitusmuodot.

52 Olen tyytyväinen tapaan, jolla Suomen nykyinen hallitus hoitaa tehtäviään.

53 Demokratia toimii Suomessa kaiken kaikkiaan hyvin.

54 Katsotteko olevanne lähellä jotain poliittista puoluetta? Mitä puoluetta? Kansallinen Kokoomus (KOK) Perussuomalaiset (PS) Ruotsalainen Kansanpuolue (RKP) Suomen Keskusta (KESK) Suomen Kristillisdemokraatit (Kd) Suomen Sosiaalidemokraattinen Puolue (SDP) Vasemmistoliitto (VAS) Vihreä Liitto (VIHR) Jokin muu puolue En katso olevani lähellä mitään poliittista puoluetta En osaa sanoa

4 55 Osaatteko sanoa, kuinka monen eri puolueen ehdokkaita olette elämänne aikana äänestänyt eduskuntavaaleissa?

Olen aina äänestänyt saman puolueen ehdokkaita Kahden tai kolmen eri puolueen ehdokkaita Neljän tai useamman puolueen ehdokkaita En ole äänestänyt koskaan En osaa sanoa

56 Aiotteko äänestää vuoden 2007 eduskuntavaaleissa?

Kyllä, äänestän Kyllä, melko En usko Ei, olen varma En osaa varmasti varmasti äänestäväni että en äänestä sanoa

57 Kuinka kiinnostunut olette politiikasta?

Erittäin Melko Melko vähän En lainkaan En osaa sanoa kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut

Seuraavassa on joukko ihmisiä koskevia väittämiä. Oletteko täysin samaa mieltä, osittain samaa mieltä, osittain eri mieltä vai täysin eri mieltä väittämien kanssa? (58•65)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

58 Suurin osa ihmisistä on pohjimmiltaan hyviä ja kilttejä.

59 On turvallisinta olettaa, että kaikilla ihmisillä on pahoja aikomuksia, jotka tulevat esiin tilaisuuden tullen.

60 Rehellisyys on paras tapa toimia kaikissa tilanteissa.

61 Valehtelemiselle ei ole olemassa mitään veruketta.

62 Jokainen, joka luottaa sokeasti johonkin toiseen, kerjää itselleen hankaluuksia.

63 Yleisesti ottaen ihmiset eivät työskentele tehokkaasti, jos heitä ei pakoteta siihen.

64 Yleisesti ottaen suurimpaan osaan ihmisistä voi luottaa.

65 Menen luovuttamaan verta seuraavan kuuden kuukauden kuluessa. (Jättäkää vastaamatta, jos teitä ei hyväksytä luovuttajaksi.)

5 Miten paljon luotatte seuraaviin suomalaisiin instituutioihin? (66•69)

Erittäin paljon Melko paljon Melko Erittäin En osaa vähän vähän sanoa

66 Eduskunta

67 Oikeuslaitos

68 Poliisi

69 Poliitikot

70 Mihin ammattiryhmään kuulutte? Maatalousyrittäjä Muu työnantaja, muu yksityisyrittäjä, ammatinharjoittaja Johtavassa asemassa toisen palveluksessa Ylempi toimihenkilö Alempi toimihenkilö Työntekijä Eläkeläinen Koululainen, opiskelija Kotiäiti tai –isä Muu, mikä ______

71 Mikäli olette eläkeläinen, mihin ammattiryhmään kuuluitte? Maatalousyrittäjä Muu työnantaja, muu yksityisyrittäjä, ammatinharjoittaja Johtavassa asemassa toisen palveluksessa Ylempi toimihenkilö Alempi toimihenkilö Työntekijä Koululainen, opiskelija Kotiäiti tai –isä Muu, mikä ______

6 72 Mikä on koulutuksenne? Peruskoulun ala•aste, kansakoulu Peruskoulun yläaste, keskikoulu Ammatillinen perustutkinto, ammattikoulu Ylioppilas Opistoasteen ammatillinen tutkinto Ylempi opistoasteen tutkinto, ammattikorkeakoulututkinto tai alempi korkeakoulututkinto Ylempi korkeakoulututkinto Tohtorintutkinto En osaa sanoa

73 Miten suuriksi arvioitte kotitaloutenne bruttovuositulot? Alle 10.000 €/vuosi 50.001 • 60.000 €/v 10.000 • 20.000 €/v. 60.001 • 90.000 €/v 20.001 • 30.000 €/v yli 90.000 €/v 30.001 • 40.000 €/v En osaa sanoa 40.001 • 50.000 €/v

74 Montako henkilöä kotitaloudessanne on? ______kpl

Joista alle 18 vuotiaita ______kpl

75 Oletteko? Naimaton Avioliitossa tai muussa rekisteröidyssä parisuhteessa Avoliitossa Eronnut tai asumuserossa Leski Muu

7 76 Mikä seuraavista vaihtoehdoista vastaa parhaiten elämäntilannettanne? Oletteko?

Kokopäivätyössä Osa•aikatyössä Työtön Lomautettu Työelämän ulkopuolella

KANSALAISKESKUSTELU YDINVOIMASTA

Kyllä, haluan osallistua Turussa 18.11.2006 järjestettävään kansalaiskeskusteluun.

Osallistujille korvataan matkakulut, tarjotaan ruoat ja annetaan 100 euron arvoinen lahjakortti. Lisätietoja oheisessa kutsukirjeessä

8 KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ KYSELYLOMAKE Luottamuksellinen

Kohdissa 1•15 esitetään tosiasioita koskevia väittämiä. Valitse kunkin kysymyksen kohdalla yksi vaihtoehto, joka on mielestänne oikea.

1. Millä seuraavista energiantuotantomuodoista tuotettiin eniten sähköä Suomessa vuonna 2005? Kivihiili Vesivoima Ydinvoima Maakaasu

En osaa sanoa

2. Miten monta ydinvoimalaa Suomessa on tällä hetkellä toiminnassa?

2 3 4 5 En osaa sanoa

3. Mitä tarkoitetaan parlamentaarisella hallitusmuodolla?

Kansanvaltaa Sitä että eduskunta nauttii hallituksen luottamusta Sitä että hallitus nauttii eduskunnan luottamusta Sitä että hallitus nauttii presidentin luottamusta En osaa sanoa

4. Mihin seuraavista Suomen kunnista kuuluviin alueisiin Cogema(Areva)•yhtiö haki vuonna 2005 valtausta kartoittaakseen uraanin louhintamahdollisuuksia?

Askola Eurajoki Parkano Tervola En osaa sanoa

5. Kuka seuraavista on tämänhetkisen Suomen hallituksen ensimmäinen valtiovarainministeri? Antti Kalliomäki Eero Heinäluoma Kimmo Sasi Liisa Hyssälä

En osaa sanoa 6. Miten suuri on ydinenergian osuus koko maailman sähköntuotannosta?

16 % 25 % 39 % 60 %

En osaa sanoa

7. Mikä seuraavista on EU:n mukaan luokiteltu uusiutuvaksi energiamuodoksi?

Turve Vesivoima Ydinvoima Maakaasu

En osaa sanoa

8. Missä seuraavista maista louhitaan suomalaisissa ydinvoimaloissa käytettävää uraania? Ranska Ruotsi Suomi Venäjä

En osaa sanoa

9. Mikä seuraavista on paikkamäärältään tämänhetkisen Suomen eduskunnan toiseksi suurin puolue? Keskusta Kokoomus SDP Vasemmistoliitto

En osaa sanoa

10. Miten suomalaisten ydinvoimaloiden tuottama jäte on päätetty sijoittaa?

Se varastoidaan Venäjälle Se varastoidaan Suomeen Se varastoidaan osaksi Suomeen ja osaksi Venäjälle Lopullista päätöstä sen loppusijoituksesta ei ole vielä tehty En osaa sanoa 11. Mikä päätöksentekoelin tekee Suomessa lopullisen ratkaisun ydinvoiman lisärakentamista koskevasta periaatepäätöksestä? Eduskunta Kauppa• ja teollisuusministeriö Säteilyturvakeskus Valtioneuvosto (hallitus)

En osaa sanoa

12. Mikä seuraavista maista on Yhdistyneiden kansakuntien turvallisuusneuvoston pysyväisjäsen? Japani Kanada Saksa Venäjä

En osaa sanoa

13. Minä vuonna nykyisen Ukrainan alueella sijaitseva Tshernobylin ydinreaktori räjähti? 1979 1982 1986 1990

En osaa sanoa

14. Missä seuraavista maista on järjestetty kansanäänestys ydinvoimasta?

Ranska Ruotsi Saksa (ent. Saksan liittotasavalta) Tanska

En osaa sanoa

15. Ketkä saavat nykyisen lainsäädännön mukaan äänestää Suomen eduskuntavaaleissa? Kaikki Suomessa laillisesti asuvat täysi•ikäiset ihmiset Kaikki täysi•ikäiset Suomen kansalaiset Vain ne täysi•ikäiset Suomen kansalaiset, jotka asuvat Suomessa Vain Suomessa asuvat täysi•ikäiset veronmaksajat

En osaa sanoa KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ KYSELYLOMAKE Luottamuksellinen

Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista energiapolitiikkaa koskevista väittämistä?

1. Ydinvoiman käyttöä on lisättävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

Täysin samaa mieltä Osittain samaa mieltä Osittain eri mieltä Täysin eri mieltä

En osaa sanoa

2. Kivihiilen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

Täysin samaa mieltä Osittain samaa mieltä Osittain eri mieltä Täysin eri mieltä En osaa sanoa

3. Sähkön tuontia muista maista Suomeen tulisi lisätä.

Täysin samaa mieltä Osittain samaa mieltä Osittain eri mieltä Täysin eri mieltä En osaa sanoa

4. Puun ja muun bioenergian käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

Täysin samaa mieltä Osittain samaa mieltä Osittain eri mieltä Täysin eri mieltä En osaa sanoa

5. Ydinvoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

Täysin samaa mieltä Osittain samaa mieltä Osittain eri mieltä Täysin eri mieltä

En osaa sanoa 6. Turpeen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

Täysin samaa mieltä Osittain samaa mieltä Osittain eri mieltä Täysin eri mieltä

En osaa sanoa

7. Tuulivoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

Täysin samaa mieltä Osittain samaa mieltä Osittain eri mieltä Täysin eri mieltä

En osaa sanoa

KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ KYSELYLOMAKE Luottamuksellinen

Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä? (1•19) Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

1 Suomeen tulisi rakentaa kuudes ydinvoimala.

2 Kivihiilen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

3 Puun ja muun bioenergian käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

4 Sähkön tuontia muista maista Suomeen tulisi lisätä.

5 Turpeen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

6 Tuulivoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

7 Ydinvoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

8 Sähkön säästämiseen kannustamisen tulisi olla yksi keskeinen keino suomalaisessa energiapolitiikassa.

9 Energian kulutusta on vähennettävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

10 Uusiutuvien energianlähteiden käyttöä on lisättävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

11 Ydinvoiman käyttöä on lisättävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

12 Ydinvoimaonnettomuuden mahdollisuus on merkittävä ydinvoimaan liittyvä riski.

13 Ydinvoiman tuotantoon tarvittavan uraanin louhinnasta aiheutuu vakavia haittoja.

14 Ydinjätteiden varastointiin liittyy merkittäviä riskejä.

15 Ydinvoiman käyttöön Suomessa ei liity merkittäviä riskejä.

16 Uraanin louhinta Suomessa tulisi sallia.

17 Kuudennen ydinvoimalan rakentamisesta tulisi järjestää kansanäänestys Suomessa.

18 Suomalaiset säästäisivät sähköä, jos sähköstä olisi pula ja kansalaisia kehotettaisiin säästämään sähköä.

19 Säästäisin itse sähköä, jos sähköstä olisi pula ja kansalaisia kehotettaisiin säästämään sähköä. 20 Mitä mieltä olette ydinvoiman tulevaisuudesta Suomessa seuraavan kymmenen vuoden aikana? Laittakaa paremmuusjärjestykseen (1, 2, 3) seuraavat vaihtoehdot (1 = paras, 2, 3 = huonoin).

Ydinvoimaloita tulisi rakentaa Ydinvoimaloiden määrä tulisi Ydinvoimasta tulisi lisää säilyttää nykyisellään luopua.

21 Miten varma olette edellisestä järjestyksestä?

Varma Melko varma Melko epävarma Epävarma

22 Miten kiinnostunut olette energiapolitiikasta?

Erittäin Melko Melko vähän En lainkaan En osaa kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut sanoa

Seuraavassa on joukko erilaisia yhteiskunnallisen osallistumisen muotoja. Jos tunnette jonkin asian edistämisen todella tärkeäksi, miten olette toiminut tai voisitte toimia? (23•31)

Olen En ole tehnyt, En tekisi En tehnyt mutta saattaisin missään osaa tehdä tapauksessa sanoa

23 Äänestää vaaleissa.

24 Kirjoittaa yleisönosastoon.

25 Ottaa yhteyttä poliittisiin päätöksentekijöihin jossakin tärkeässä asiassa.

26 Kirjoittaa nimenne vetoomuksiin.

27 Osallistua boikottiin, maksu• tai ostolakkoon.

28 Osallistua rauhanomaiseen mielenosoitukseen.

29 Osoittaa kansalaistottelemattomuutta osallistumalla väkivallattomaan laittomaan toimintaan.

30 Osallistua sellaisiin mielenosoituksiin, joissa aiemmin on ilmennyt väkivaltaisuutta.

31 Käyttää väkivaltaa poliittisten päämäärien edistämiseksi.

2 Alla on poliittiseen toimintaan liittyviä kysymyksiä. Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä? (32•44)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

32 Äänestämällä voi vaikuttaa asioihin.

33 Poliitikkojen tekemillä päätöksillä ei ole mitään vaikutusta omaan elämääni.

34 Maamme kaipaa vahvoja johtajia, jotka kykenevät palauttamaan yhteiskuntaamme kurin ja järjestyksen.

35 On jokaisen oma asia, käyttääkö hän vaaleissa äänioikeuttaan vai ei.

36 Joskus politiikka on niin monimutkaista, että tavallinen ihminen ei oikeastaan ymmärrä, mitä siinä tapahtuu.

37 Tavallinen kansalainen ei voi vaikuttaa politiikkaan.

38 Tiedän enemmän politiikasta ja hallinnosta kuin useimmat kansalaiset.

39 Globalisoituvassa maailmassa Suomen hallitus ei voi paljoakaan vaikuttaa siihen, mitä Suomessa tapahtuu.

40 Harjoitetun politiikan kannalta ei ole paljoakaan väliä, mitkä puolueet ovat Suomen hallituksessa.

41 Kansanäänestysten käyttöä suomalaisessa päätöksenteossa tulisi lisätä.

42 Demokratialla voi olla ongelmansa, mutta se on parempi kuin muut hallitusmuodot.

43 Olen tyytyväinen tapaan, jolla Suomen nykyinen hallitus hoitaa tehtäviään.

44 Demokratia toimii Suomessa kaiken kaikkiaan hyvin.

45 Kuinka kiinnostunut olette politiikasta?

Erittäin Melko Melko vähän En lainkaan En osaa sanoa kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut

3 46 Katsotteko olevanne lähellä jotain poliittista puoluetta? Mitä puoluetta? Kansallinen Kokoomus (KOK) Perussuomalaiset (PS) Ruotsalainen Kansanpuolue (RKP) Suomen Keskusta (KESK) Suomen Kristillisdemokraatit (Kd) Suomen Sosiaalidemokraattinen Puolue (SDP) Vasemmistoliitto (VAS) Vihreä Liitto (VIHR) Jokin muu puolue En katso olevani lähellä mitään poliittista puoluetta En osaa sanoa

47 Aiotteko äänestää vuoden 2007 eduskuntavaaleissa?

Kyllä, äänestän Kyllä, melko En usko Ei, olen varma En osaa varmasti varmasti äänestäväni että en äänestä sanoa

Seuraavassa on joukko ihmisiä koskevia väittämiä. Oletteko täysin samaa mieltä, osittain samaa mieltä, osittain eri mieltä vai täysin eri mieltä väittämien kanssa? (48•55)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

48 Suurin osa ihmisistä on pohjimmiltaan hyviä ja kilttejä.

49 On turvallisinta olettaa, että kaikilla ihmisillä on pahoja aikomuksia, jotka tulevat esiin tilaisuuden tullen.

50 Rehellisyys on paras tapa toimia kaikissa tilanteissa.

51 Valehtelemiselle ei ole olemassa mitään veruketta.

52 Jokainen, joka luottaa sokeasti johonkin toiseen, kerjää itselleen hankaluuksia.

53 Yleisesti ottaen ihmiset eivät työskentele tehokkaasti, jos heitä ei pakoteta siihen.

54 Yleisesti ottaen suurimpaan osaan ihmisistä voi luottaa.

55 Menen luovuttamaan verta seuraavan kuuden kuukauden kuluessa. (Jättäkää vastaamatta, jos teitä ei hyväksytä luovuttajaksi.)

4 Miten paljon luotatte seuraaviin suomalaisiin instituutioihin? (56•59)

Erittäin paljon Melko paljon Melko Erittäin En osaa vähän vähän sanoa

56 Eduskunta

57 Oikeuslaitos

58 Poliisi

59 Poliitikot

Kohdissa 60•74 esitetään tosiasioita koskevia väittämiä. Valitse kunkin kysymyksen kohdalla yksi vaihtoehto, joka on mielestänne oikea.

60. Millä seuraavista energiantuotantomuodoista tuotettiin eniten sähköä Suomessa vuonna 2005? Kivihiili Vesivoima Ydinvoima Maakaasu

En osaa sanoa

61. Miten monta ydinreaktoria Suomessa on tällä hetkellä toiminnassa?

2 3 4 5 En osaa sanoa

62. Mitä tarkoitetaan parlamentaarisella hallitusmuodolla?

Kansanvaltaa Sitä että eduskunta nauttii hallituksen luottamusta Sitä että hallitus nauttii eduskunnan luottamusta Sitä että hallitus nauttii presidentin luottamusta

En osaa sanoa

63. Mihin seuraavista Suomen kunnista kuuluviin alueisiin Cogema(Areva)•yhtiö haki vuonna 2005 valtausta kartoittaakseen uraanin louhintamahdollisuuksia?

Askola Eurajoki Parkano Tervola En osaa sanoa

5 64. Kuka seuraavista on tämänhetkisen Suomen hallituksen valtiovarainministeri?

Antti Kalliomäki Eero Heinäluoma Kimmo Sasi Liisa Hyssälä

En osaa sanoa

65. Miten suuri on ydinenergian osuus koko maailman sähköntuotannosta?

16 % 25 % 39 % 60 %

En osaa sanoa

66. Mikä seuraavista on EU:n mukaan luokiteltu uusiutuvaksi energiamuodoksi?

Turve Vesivoima Ydinvoima Maakaasu

En osaa sanoa

67. Missä seuraavista maista louhitaan suomalaisissa ydinvoimaloissa käytettävää uraania? Ranska Ruotsi Suomi Venäjä

En osaa sanoa

68. Mikä seuraavista on paikkamäärältään tämänhetkisen Suomen eduskunnan toiseksi suurin puolue? Suomen Keskusta Kansallinen Kokoomus Suomen sosialidemokraattinen Puolue Vasemmistoliitto

En osaa sanoa 69. Miten suomalaisten ydinvoimaloiden tuottama jäte on päätetty sijoittaa?

Se varastoidaan Venäjälle Se varastoidaan Suomeen Se varastoidaan osaksi Suomeen ja osaksi Venäjälle Lopullista päätöstä sen loppusijoituksesta ei ole vielä tehty

En osaa sanoa

6 70. Mikä päätöksentekoelin tekee Suomessa lopullisen ratkaisun ydinvoiman lisärakentamista koskevasta periaatepäätöksestä? Eduskunta Kauppa• ja teollisuusministeriö Säteilyturvakeskus Valtioneuvosto (hallitus)

En osaa sanoa

71. Mikä seuraavista maista on Yhdistyneiden kansakuntien turvallisuusneuvoston pysyväisjäsen? Japani Kanada Saksa Venäjä

En osaa sanoa

72. Minä vuonna nykyisen Ukrainan alueella sijaitseva Tshernobylin ydinreaktori räjähti? 1979 1982 1986 1990

En osaa sanoa

73. Missä seuraavista maista on järjestetty kansanäänestys ydinvoimasta?

Ranska Ruotsi Saksa (ent. Saksan liittotasavalta) Tanska

En osaa sanoa

74. Ketkä saavat nykyisen lainsäädännön mukaan äänestää Suomen eduskuntavaaleissa? Kaikki Suomessa laillisesti asuvat täysi•ikäiset ihmiset Kaikki täysi•ikäiset Suomen kansalaiset Vain ne täysi•ikäiset Suomen kansalaiset, jotka asuvat Suomessa Vain Suomessa asuvat täysi•ikäiset veronmaksajat

En osaa sanoa

7 Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista KANSALAISKESKUSTELUA koskevista kysymyksistä?

Mikä on Teidän oma kantanne ydinvoimakysymykseen?(75•76)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa 75 Kannatan kuudennen ydinvoimalan rakentamista Suomeen.

76 Vastustan kuudennen ydinvoimalan rakentamista Suomeen.

Mikä on tärkein perustelu Teidän kannallenne?

______

Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä? (77•86) Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

77 Ydinvoimaa koskeva kantani muuttui kansalaiskeskustelun aikana.

78 Energiapolitiikkaa koskevat näkemykseni muuttuivat kansalaiskeskustelun aikana.

79 Osallistuminen kansalaiskeskusteluun oli miellyttävä kokemus.

80 Energia•asioita koskevat tietoni lisääntyivät kansalaiskeskustelun aikana. 81 Valmiuteni osallistua poliittisen tai kansalaistoimintaan kasvoi kansalaiskeskustelun aikana.

82 Osallistuisin mielelläni uudelleen samantyyppiseen tilaisuuteen.

8 Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

83 Osallistuin kansalaiskeskusteluun, koska aihe kiinnosti minua.

84 Osallistuin kansalaiskeskusteluun, koska siitä sai palkkioksi lahjakortin.

85 Osallistuin kansalaiskeskusteluun, koska tapahtuma kiinnosti minua demokraattisena kokeiluna.

86 Poliittisessa päätöksenteossa tulisi käyttää kansalaiskeskustelun tyyppisiä muotoja.

Arvioikaa omaa osallistumistanne KANSALAISKESKUSTELUSSA sekä keskusteluilmapiiriä omassa ryhmässänne. (87•90)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

87 Osallistuin aktiivisesti keskusteluun pienryhmässäni.

88 Esitin yhden kysymyksen asiantuntijoille.

89 Pienryhmäkeskustelussa kunnioitettiin ja kuunneltiin toisten mielipiteitä.

90 Sain tuotua omat ajatukseni hyvin esille pienryhmässäni

Kommentteja KANSALAISKESKUSTELUSTA

______

9 KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ KYSELYLOMAKE Luottamuksellinen

Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä? (1•19) Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

1 Suomeen tulisi rakentaa kuudes ydinvoimala.

2 Kivihiilen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

3 Puun ja muun bioenergian käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

4 Sähkön tuontia muista maista Suomeen tulisi lisätä.

5 Turpeen käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

6 Tuulivoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

7 Ydinvoiman käyttöä Suomen energiantuotannossa tulisi lisätä.

8 Sähkön säästämiseen kannustamisen tulisi olla yksi keskeinen keino suomalaisessa energiapolitiikassa.

9 Energian kulutusta on vähennettävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

10 Uusiutuvien energianlähteiden käyttöä on lisättävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

11 Ydinvoiman käyttöä on lisättävä ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemiseksi.

12 Ydinvoimaonnettomuuden mahdollisuus on merkittävä ydinvoimaan liittyvä riski.

13 Ydinvoiman tuotantoon tarvittavan uraanin louhinnasta aiheutuu vakavia haittoja.

14 Ydinjätteiden varastointiin liittyy merkittäviä riskejä.

15 Ydinvoiman käyttöön Suomessa ei liity merkittäviä riskejä.

16 Uraanin louhinta Suomessa tulisi sallia.

17 Kuudennen ydinvoimalan rakentamisesta tulisi järjestää kansanäänestys Suomessa.

18 Suomalaiset säästäisivät sähköä, jos sähköstä olisi pula ja kansalaisia kehotettaisiin säästämään sähköä.

19 Säästäisin itse sähköä, jos sähköstä olisi pula ja kansalaisia kehotettaisiin säästämään sähköä. 20 Mitä mieltä olette ydinvoiman tulevaisuudesta Suomessa seuraavan kymmenen vuoden aikana? Laittakaa paremmuusjärjestykseen (1, 2, 3) seuraavat vaihtoehdot (1 = paras, 2, 3 = huonoin).

Ydinvoimaloita tulisi rakentaa Ydinvoimaloiden määrä tulisi Ydinvoimasta tulisi lisää säilyttää nykyisellään luopua.

21 Miten varma olette edellisestä järjestyksestä?

Varma Melko varma Melko epävarma Epävarma

22 Miten kiinnostunut olette energiapolitiikasta?

Erittäin Melko Melko vähän En lainkaan En osaa kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut sanoa

Seuraavassa on joukko erilaisia yhteiskunnallisen osallistumisen muotoja. Jos tunnette jonkin asian edistämisen todella tärkeäksi, miten olette toiminut tai voisitte toimia? (23•31)

Olen En ole tehnyt, En tekisi En tehnyt mutta saattaisin missään osaa tehdä tapauksessa sanoa

23 Äänestää vaaleissa.

24 Kirjoittaa yleisönosastoon.

25 Ottaa yhteyttä poliittisiin päätöksentekijöihin jossakin tärkeässä asiassa.

26 Kirjoittaa nimenne vetoomuksiin.

27 Osallistua boikottiin, maksu• tai ostolakkoon.

28 Osallistua rauhanomaiseen mielenosoitukseen.

29 Osoittaa kansalaistottelemattomuutta osallistumalla väkivallattomaan laittomaan toimintaan.

30 Osallistua sellaisiin mielenosoituksiin, joissa aiemmin on ilmennyt väkivaltaisuutta.

31 Käyttää väkivaltaa poliittisten päämäärien edistämiseksi.

2 Seuraavat kysymykset koskevat erilaisia järjestöjä, joiden toiminnassa ihmiset ovat mukana. (32•40) a) Oletteko jollain tavalla mukana seuraavan tyyppisissä järjestöissä. b) Merkitkää myös, oletteko lahjoittanut rahaa järjestöjen toimintaan. Tavallisia jäsenmaksuja ei lasketa lahjoituksiksi. a. toimintaan osallistuminen b. lahjoittanut rahaa En ole Olen Olen jäsen jäsen vain jäsen ja mukana toiminnassa Kyllä

32 Urheiluseura, ulkoiluseura, mukaan luettuina metsästys• ja kalastusseurat?

33 Kulttuuri• tai harrastusjärjestö?

34 Kylä• tai kaupunginosayhdistys?

35 Ammattiliitto tai –yhdistys?

36 Humanitaariseen apuun, ihmisoikeuksiin, vähemmistöihin tai maahanmuuttajiin liittyvä järjestö?

37 Ympäristöjärjestö, rauhanjärjestö tai eläinten oikeuksiin liittyvä järjestö?

38 Uskonnollinen järjestö?

39 Poliittinen puolue?

40 Jokin muu vapaaehtoisjärjestö, joka ei ole tullut mainituksi, Mikä? ______

Alla on poliittiseen toimintaan liittyviä kysymyksiä. Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä? (41•53)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

41 Äänestämällä voi vaikuttaa asioihin.

42 Poliitikkojen tekemillä päätöksillä ei ole mitään vaikutusta omaan elämääni.

43 Maamme kaipaa vahvoja johtajia, jotka kykenevät palauttamaan yhteiskuntaamme kurin ja järjestyksen.

44 On jokaisen oma asia, käyttääkö hän vaaleissa äänioikeuttaan vai ei.

45 Joskus politiikka on niin monimutkaista, että tavallinen ihminen ei oikeastaan ymmärrä, mitä siinä tapahtuu.

3 Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

46 Tavallinen kansalainen ei voi vaikuttaa politiikkaan.

47 Tiedän enemmän politiikasta ja hallinnosta kuin useimmat kansalaiset.

48 Globalisoituvassa maailmassa Suomen hallitus ei voi paljoakaan vaikuttaa siihen, mitä Suomessa tapahtuu.

49 Harjoitetun politiikan kannalta ei ole paljoakaan väliä, mitkä puolueet ovat Suomen hallituksessa.

50 Kansanäänestysten käyttöä suomalaisessa päätöksenteossa tulisi lisätä.

51 Demokratialla voi olla ongelmansa, mutta se on parempi kuin muut hallitusmuodot.

52 Olen tyytyväinen tapaan, jolla Suomen nykyinen hallitus hoitaa tehtäviään.

53 Demokratia toimii Suomessa kaiken kaikkiaan hyvin.

54 Katsotteko olevanne lähellä jotain poliittista puoluetta? Mitä puoluetta? Kansallinen Kokoomus (KOK) Perussuomalaiset (PS) Ruotsalainen Kansanpuolue (RKP) Suomen Keskusta (KESK) Suomen Kristillisdemokraatit (Kd) Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue (SDP) Vasemmistoliitto (VAS) Vihreä Liitto (VIHR) Jokin muu puolue En katso olevani lähellä mitään poliittista puoluetta En osaa sanoa

55 Kuinka kiinnostunut olette politiikasta?

Erittäin Melko Melko vähän En lainkaan En osaa sanoa kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut kiinnostunut

4 56 Aiotteko äänestää vuoden 2007 eduskuntavaaleissa? Kyllä, äänestän Kyllä, melko En usko Ei, olen varma En osaa sanoa varmasti varmasti äänestäväni että en äänestä

Seuraavassa on joukko ihmisiä koskevia väittämiä. Oletteko täysin samaa mieltä, osittain samaa mieltä, osittain eri mieltä vai täysin eri mieltä väittämien kanssa? (57•64)

Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

57 Suurin osa ihmisistä on pohjimmiltaan hyviä ja kilttejä.

58 On turvallisinta olettaa, että kaikilla ihmisillä on pahoja aikomuksia, jotka tulevat esiin tilaisuuden tullen.

59 Rehellisyys on paras tapa toimia kaikissa tilanteissa.

60 Valehtelemiselle ei ole olemassa mitään veruketta.

61 Jokainen, joka luottaa sokeasti johonkin toiseen, kerjää itselleen hankaluuksia.

62 Yleisesti ottaen ihmiset eivät työskentele tehokkaasti, jos heitä ei pakoteta siihen.

63 Yleisesti ottaen suurimpaan osaan ihmisistä voi luottaa.

64 Menen luovuttamaan verta seuraavan kuuden kuukauden kuluessa. (Jättäkää vastaamatta, jos teitä ei hyväksytä luovuttajaksi.)

Miten paljon luotatte seuraaviin suomalaisiin instituutioihin? (65•68)

Erittäin paljon Melko paljon Melko Erittäin En osaa vähän vähän sanoa

65 Eduskunta

66 Oikeuslaitos

67 Poliisi

68 Poliitikot

5 Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista KANSALAISKESKUSTELUA koskevista kysymyksistä? (69•74) Täysin Osittain Osittain Täysin En samaa samaa eri mieltä eri mieltä osaa mieltä mieltä sanoa

69 Ydinvoimaa koskeva kantani muuttui kansalaiskeskustelun aikana.

70 Energiapolitiikkaa koskevat näkemykseni muuttuivat kansalaiskeskustelun aikana.

71 Energia•asioita koskevat tietoni lisääntyivät kansalaiskeskustelun aikana. 72 Valmiuteni osallistua poliittisen tai kansalaistoimintaan kasvoi kansalaiskeskustelun aikana.

73 Osallistuisin mielelläni uudelleen samantyyppiseen tilaisuuteen.

74 Poliittisessa päätöksenteossa tulisi käyttää kansalaiskeskustelun tyyppisiä muotoja.

6

Appendix B

Questionnaires in Swedish

195 KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ ENKÄT Konfidentiell

Ni kan även besvara enkäten på Internet under adressen www.dce.abo.fi/medborgardiskussion Det användarnamn och lösenord som ni behöver finns här bredvid.

Vad är er åsikt gällande följande påståenden? (1•19) Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

1 Ett sjätte kärnkraftverk borde byggas i Finland.

2 Finland borde använda mera stenkol i sin energiproduktion.

3 Finland borde använda mera trä och annan bioenergi i sin energiproduktion.

4 Finland borde öka sin elimport.

5 Finland borde använda mera torv i sin energiproduktion.

6 Finland borde använda mera vindkraft i sin energiproduktion.

7 Finland borde använda mera kärnkraft i sin energiproduktion.

8 Att uppmuntra till sparande av elektricitet borde utgöra en central del av den finländska energipolitiken.

9 Energiförbrukningen bör minska för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

10 Förnybara energikällor borde användas i större utsträckning för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

11 Kärnkraft borde användas i större utsträckning för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

12 Vid kärnkraftsproduktion utgör olyckor en betydande risk

13 Uranbrytning för utnyttjande av kärnkraft förorsakar betydande skada.

14 Förvaring av kärnavfall utgör en betydande risk.

15 Bruk av kärnkraft i Finland medför inga betydande risker.

16 Uranbrytning borde tillåtas i Finland.

17 Det borde ordnas en folkomröstning om byggandet av ett sjätte kärnkraftverk i Finland.

18 Finländare skulle spara el om det var brist på elektricitet och man blev uppmanad att spara.

19 Jag skulle själv spara el om det var brist på elektricitet och man blev uppmanad att spara. 20 Vilken är Er åsikt om kärnkraftens framtid i Finland under de närmaste tio åren? Placera följande alternativ(1, 2, 3) i ordningsföljd. (1 = bäst, 2, 3 = sämst).

Det borde byggas fler Det finns ett lämpligt antal Man borde avveckla kärnkraftverk kärnkraftverk i dagens läge kärnkraften

21 Hur säker är Ni på rangordningen ovan?

Säker Ganska säker Ganska osäker Osäker

22 Hur intresserad är Ni av energipolitik?

Väldigt Ganska Ganska Inte alls Vet ej intresserad intresserad ointresserad intresserad

Följande påståenden rör olika former för samhälleligt deltagande. Om Ni anser att någonting är väldigt viktigt för Er, vad har Ni gjort eller skulle kunna tänka Er att göra? (23•31)

Har Har inte gjort, men Skulle Vet ej gjort skulle kunna aldrig tänka mig att göra göra

23 Rösta i val.

24 Skriva insändare.

25 Ta kontakt med politiska beslutsfattare.

26 Skriva under ett upprop.

27 Delta i en bojkott, betalnings• eller köpstrejk.

28 Delta i en fredlig demonstration.

29 Uppvisa civil olydnad genom att delta i en olaglig form av direkt aktion.

30 Delta i sådana demonstrationer där det tidigare förekommit våld.

31 Bruka våld för att uppnå politiska mål.

2 Följande frågor har att göra med olika organisationer i vilkas verksamhet människor engagerar sig. (32•40) Berätta om Ni på något sätt har varit med i den aktuella organisationens verksamhet och i så fall på vilket sätt. Ange också om Ni har donerat pengar till organisationens verksamhet. Vanliga medlemsavgifter räknas inte som donation. Deltar i verksamhet Donerat pengar Är inte Är endast Är medlem medlem medlem och aktiv i verksamheten Ja

32 Idrottsförening, friluftsförening (inkl. jakt• och fiskeföreningar)?

33 Kultur• eller hobbyförening?

34 Byalag eller stadsdelsförening?

35 Fackförbund eller fackförening?

36 Organisation som har att göra med humanitärt bistånd, människorättsfrågor, minoriteter eller invandrare?

37 Miljö•, freds• eller djurskyddsförening?

38 Religiös organisation eller församling?

39 Politiskt parti?

40 Någon annan organisation för frivillig verksamhet som inte nämnts. Vilken? ______

Nedan finns ett antal påståenden som har att göra med politisk verksamhet. Vad anser Ni om följande påståenden? (41•53)

Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

41 Genom att rösta kan man påverka saker och ting.

42 De beslut som politikerna fattar påverkar inte mitt liv.

43 Vårt land behöver starka ledare som kan återställa disciplin och ordning i samhället.

44 Det är var och ens ensak om hon/han röstar eller inte.

3 Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

45 Ibland känns det som om politiken är så komplicerad att en vanlig människa inte förstår vad som händer.

46 En vanlig medborgare kan inte påverka politik.

47 Jag vet mer om politik och förvaltning än de flesta av mina medmänniskor.

48 I en allt mer globaliserad värld har Finlands regering svårt att påverka det som händer i Finland.

49 I slutändan är det ingen större skillnad vilka partier som ingår i Finlands regering.

50 Folkomröstningar borde användas mer i finländskt beslutsfattande.

51 Demokrati kan ha sina problem, men den är bättre än andra styrelseskick.

52 Jag är nöjd med hur Finlands nuvarande regering sköter sitt jobb.

53 Överlag fungerar demokratin i Finland väl.

54 Anser Ni er kunna identifiera er med något politiskt parti? Vilket parti? Samlingspartiet Sannfinländarna Svenska folkpartiet i Finland Centern i Finland Kristdemokraterna i Finland Finlands socialdemokratiska parti Vänsterförbundet Gröna förbundet Något annat parti Jag kan inte identifiera mig med något politiskt parti Vet ej

4 55 Kommer ni ihåg hur många olika partiers kandidater ni har röstat på under ert liv? Jag har alltid röstat på samma partis kandidater Två eller tre olika partiers kandidater Fyra eller fler olika partiers kandidater Jag har aldrig röstat Vet ej

56 Kommer Ni att rösta i riksdagsvalet 2007?

Ja, jag röstar Ja, ganska säkert Jag tror inte att jag Nej, jag är säker Vet ej helt säkert röstar på att jag inte röstar

57 Hur intresserad är Ni av politik?

Väldigt intresserad Ganska Ganska Inte alls Vet ej intresserad ointresserad intresserad

Nedan finns några påståenden rörande människor. Vad är Er åsikt gällande följande påståenden? (58•65)

Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

58 De flesta människor är i grund och botten goda och snälla.

59 Det är säkrast att anta att alla människor har onda avsikter som kommer fram vid första möjliga tillfälle.

60 Det lönar sig att vara ärlig i alla situationer.

61 Det finns ingen ursäkt för en lögn.

62 Om man litar blint på andra, tigger man om problem.

63 Människor jobbar i allmänhet inte effektivt om de inte tvingas till det.

64 I allmänhet kan man lita på de flesta människor.

65 Jag tänker donera blod under de närmaste sex månaderna. (Lämna frågan obesvarad, ifall ni inte godkänns som blodgivare.)

5 Hur mycket litar Ni på följande finländska institutioner? (66•69)

Väldigt mycket Ganska Ganska lite Väldigt lite Vet ej mycket

66 Riksdagen

67 Rättsväsendet

68 Polisen

69 Politiker

70 Till vilken yrkesgrupp hör Ni? Lantbrukare Annan arbetsgivare, egenföretagare, yrkesutövare Ledande ställning i annans tjänst Högre tjänsteman Lägre tjänsteman Arbetare Pensionär Skolelev, studerande Hemmamamma, •man Annan, vilken ______

71 Ifall Ni svarade pensionär, till vilken yrkesgrupp hörde Ni tidigare? Lantbrukare Annan arbetsgivare, egenföretagare, yrkesutövare Ledande ställning i annans tjänst Högre tjänsteman Lägre tjänsteman Arbetare Skolelev, studerande Hemmamamma, •man Annan, vilken ______

6 72 Vilken är Er utbildning? Grundskolans lågstadium, folkskola Grundskolans högstadium, mellanskola Yrkesinriktad grundexamen, yrkesskola Studentexamen Yrkesinstitutexamen Högre institutexamen, yrkeshögskoleexamen, lägre högskoleexamen Högre högskoleexamen Doktorsexamen Vet ej

73 Hur stora uppskattar Ni att Ert hushålls bruttoinkomster är? Under 10.000 €/år 50.001 • 60.000 €/år 10.000 • 20.000 €/år 60.001 • 90.000 €/år 20.001 • 30.000 €/år Över 90.000 €/år 30.001 • 40.000 €/år Vet ej 40.001 • 50.000 €/år

74 Hur många personer bor i Ert hushåll? ______st.

Av vilka ______st. är under 18 år

75 Är Ni? Ogift Gift eller i annat registrerat förhållande Samboende Frånskild eller separerad Änka/Änkling Annat

7 76 Är Ni för tillfället? Heltidsarbetande Deltidsarbetande Arbetslös Permitterad Utanför arbetslivet

MEDBORGARDISKUSSION OM KÄRNKRAFT

Ja, jag vill delta i medborgardiskussionen som ordnas den 18/11 2006 i Åbo.

Deltagarna får sina resekostnader ersatta, likaså bjuds de på mat. De får även ett presentkort till ett värde av 100 euro. Mer information finns i det bifogade inbjudningsbrevet.

8 KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ ENKÄT Konfidentiell

I punkterna 1•15 presenteras olika påståenden gällande sakfrågor. Välj vid varje fråga det alternativ som Ni anser vara det rätta.

1. Med vilken av följande energikällor producerades mest ström i Finland 2005?

Kol Vattenkraft Kärnkraft Naturgas

Vet ej

2. Hur många kärnkraftverk är för tillfället i bruk i Finland?

2 3 4 5 Vet ej

3. Vad menas med parlamentariskt styre?

Folkvälde Att riksdagen har regeringens förtroende Att regeringen har riksdagens förtroende Att regeringen har presidentens förtroende Vet ej

4. Till vilken finländsk kommuns område sökte bolaget Cogema (Areva) år 2005 inmutningsrätt för att kartlägga möjligheterna att bryta uran?

Askola Euraåminne Parkano Tervola Vet ej

5. Vem av följande personer är finansminister i Finlands nuvarande regering?

Antti Kalliomäki Eero Heinäluoma Kimmo Sasi Liisa Hyssälä

Vet ej 6. Hur stor andel utgör kärnenergin av hela världsproduktionen av elektricitet?

16 % 25 % 39 % 60 %

Vet ej

7. Vilken av följande energikällor klassas av EU som förnybar?

Torv Vattenkraft Kärnkraft Naturgas

Vet ej

8. I vilket av följande länder bryts uran som används i finländska kärnkraftverk?

Frankrike Sverige Finlands Ryssland

Vet ej

9. Vilket av följande är, sett till antalet platser i riksdagen, Finlands för tillfället näststörsta parti? Centern Samlingspartiet SDP Vänsterförbundet

Vet ej

10. Var har man bestämt sig för att förvara det kärnavfall som produceras av finländska kärnkraftverk? Det skall lagras i Ryssland Det skall lagras i Finland Det skall delvis lagras i Finland och delvis i Ryssland Det har inte ännu tagits ett slutligt beslut om var det skall placeras

Vet ej 11. Vilket beslutsorgan i Finland fäller avgörandet då ett principbeslut om utbyggnaden av kärnkraft tas? Riksdagen Handels• och industriministeriet Strålsäkerhetscentralen Statsrådet (regeringen)

Vet ej

12. Vilket av följande länder är en permanent medlem i Förenta Nationernas säkerhetsråd? Japan Kanada Tyskland Ryssland

Vet ej

13. Vilket år exploderade kärnreaktorn i Tjernobyl, i det område som tillhör dagens Ukraina? 1979 1982 1986 1990

Vet ej

14. I vilket av följande länder har det anordnats en folkomröstning om kärnkraft?

Frankrike Sverige Tyskland (fd. förbundrepubliken) Danmark

Vet ej

15. Vem får enligt gällande lagstiftning rösta i finländska riksdagsval?

Alla i Finland lagligt bosatta personer som uppnått myndig ålder. Alla finländska medborgare som har uppnått myndig ålder. Endast de finländska medborgare som är bosatta i Finland och har uppnått myndig ålder. Endast i Finland bosatta skattebetalare som har uppnått myndig ålder.

Vet ej KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ ENKÄT Konfidentiell

Vilken är Er åsikt gällande följande påståenden om energipolitik?

1. Kärnkraft borde användas i större utsträckning för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

Helt av samma åsikt Delvis av samma åsikt Delvis av annan åsikt Helt av annan åsikt

Vet ej

2. Finland borde använda mera stenkol i sin energiproduktion.

Helt av samma åsikt Delvis av samma åsikt Delvis av annan åsikt Helt av annan åsikt

Vet ej

3. Finland borde öka sin elimport.

Helt av samma åsikt Delvis av samma åsikt Delvis av annan åsikt Helt av annan åsikt

Vet ej

4. Finland borde använda mera trä och annan bioenergi i sin energiproduktion.

Helt av samma åsikt Delvis av samma åsikt Delvis av annan åsikt Helt av annan åsikt

Vet ej

5. Finland borde använda mera kärnkraft i sin energiproduktion.

Helt av samma åsikt Delvis av samma åsikt Delvis av annan åsikt Helt av annan åsikt

Vet ej 6. Finland borde använda mera torv i sin energiproduktion.

Helt av samma åsikt Delvis av samma åsikt Delvis av annan åsikt Helt av annan åsikt

Vet ej

7. Finland borde använda mera vindkraft i sin energiproduktion.

Helt av samma åsikt Delvis av samma åsikt Delvis av annan åsikt Helt av annan åsikt

Vet ej

KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ ENKÄT Konfidentiell

Vad är er åsikt gällande följande påståenden? (1•19) Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

1 Ett sjätte kärnkraftverk borde byggas i Finland.

2 Finland borde använda mera stenkol i sin energiproduktion.

3 Finland borde använda mera trä och annan bioenergi i sin energiproduktion.

4 Finland borde öka sin elimport.

5 Finland borde använda mera torv i sin energiproduktion.

6 Finland borde använda mera vindkraft i sin energiproduktion.

7 Finland borde använda mera kärnkraft i sin energiproduktion.

8 Att uppmuntra till sparande av elektricitet borde utgöra en central del av den finländska energipolitiken.

9 Energiförbrukningen bör minska för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

10 Förnybara energikällor borde användas i större utsträckning för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

11 Kärnkraft borde användas i större utsträckning för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

12 Vid kärnkraftsproduktion utgör olyckor en betydande risk

13 Uranbrytning för utnyttjande av kärnkraft förorsakar betydande skada.

14 Förvaring av kärnavfall utgör en betydande risk.

15 Bruk av kärnkraft i Finland medför inga betydande risker.

16 Uranbrytning borde tillåtas i Finland.

17 Det borde ordnas en folkomröstning om byggandet av ett sjätte kärnkraftverk i Finland.

18 Finländare skulle spara el om det var brist på elektricitet och man blev uppmanad att spara.

19 Jag skulle själv spara el om det var brist på elektricitet och man blev uppmanad att spara. 20 Vilken är Er åsikt om kärnkraftens framtid i Finland under de närmaste tio åren? Placera följande alternativ(1, 2, 3) i ordningsföljd. (1 = bäst, 2, 3 = sämst).

Det borde byggas fler Det finns ett lämpligt antal Man borde avveckla kärnkraftverk kärnkraftverk i dagens läge kärnkraften

21 Hur säker är Ni på rangordningen ovan?

Säker Ganska säker Ganska osäker Osäker

22 Hur intresserad är Ni av energipolitik?

Väldigt Ganska Ganska Inte alls Vet ej intresserad intresserad ointresserad intresserad

Följande påståenden rör olika former för samhälleligt deltagande. Om Ni anser att någonting är väldigt viktigt för Er, vad har Ni gjort eller skulle kunna tänka Er att göra? (23•31)

Har Har inte gjort, men Skulle Vet ej gjort skulle kunna aldrig tänka mig att göra göra

23 Rösta i val.

24 Skriva insändare.

25 Ta kontakt med politiska beslutsfattare.

26 Skriva under ett upprop.

27 Delta i en bojkott, betalnings• eller köpstrejk.

28 Delta i en fredlig demonstration.

29 Uppvisa civil olydnad genom att delta i en olaglig form av direkt aktion.

30 Delta i sådana demonstrationer där det tidigare förekommit våld.

31 Bruka våld för att uppnå politiska mål.

2 Nedan finns ett antal påståenden som har att göra med politisk verksamhet. Vad anser Ni om följande påståenden? (32•44)

Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

32 Genom att rösta kan man påverka saker och ting.

33 De beslut som politikerna fattar påverkar inte mitt liv.

34 Vårt land behöver starka ledare som kan återställa disciplin och ordning i samhället.

35 Det är var och ens ensak om hon/han röstar eller inte.

36 Ibland känns det som om politiken är så komplicerad att en vanlig människa inte förstår vad som händer.

37 En vanlig medborgare kan inte påverka politik.

38 Jag vet mer om politik och förvaltning än de flesta av mina medmänniskor.

39 I en allt mer globaliserad värld har Finlands regering svårt att påverka det som händer i Finland.

40 I slutändan är det ingen större skillnad vilka partier som ingår i Finlands regering.

41 Folkomröstningar borde användas mer i finländskt beslutsfattande.

42 Demokrati kan ha sina problem, men den är bättre än andra styrelseskick.

43 Jag är nöjd med hur Finlands nuvarande regering sköter sitt jobb.

44 Överlag fungerar demokratin i Finland väl.

45 Hur intresserad är Ni av politik?

Väldigt intresserad Ganska Ganska Inte alls Vet ej intresserad ointresserad intresserad

3 46 Anser Ni er kunna identifiera er med något politiskt parti? Vilket parti? Samlingspartiet Sannfinländarna Svenska folkpartiet i Finland Centern i Finland Kristdemokraterna i Finland Finlands socialdemokratiska parti Vänsterförbundet Gröna förbundet Något annat parti Jag kan inte identifiera mig med något politiskt parti Vet ej

47 Kommer Ni att rösta i riksdagsvalet 2007?

Ja, jag röstar Ja, ganska säkert Jag tror inte att jag Nej, jag är säker Vet ej helt säkert röstar på att jag inte röstar

Nedan finns några påståenden rörande människor. Vad är Er åsikt gällande följande påståenden? (48•55)

Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

48 De flesta människor är i grund och botten goda och snälla.

49 Det är säkrast att anta att alla människor har onda avsikter som kommer fram vid första möjliga tillfälle.

50 Det lönar sig att vara ärlig i alla situationer.

51 Det finns ingen ursäkt för en lögn.

52 Om man litar blint på andra, tigger man om problem.

53 Människor jobbar i allmänhet inte effektivt om de inte tvingas till det.

54 I allmänhet kan man lita på de flesta människor.

55 Jag tänker donera blod under de närmaste sex månaderna. (Lämna frågan obesvarad, ifall ni inte godkänns som blodgivare.) 4 Hur mycket litar Ni på följande finländska institutioner? (56•59)

Väldigt mycket Ganska Ganska lite Väldigt lite Vet ej mycket

56 Riksdagen

57 Rättsväsendet

58 Polisen

59 Politiker

I punkterna 60•74 presenteras olika påståenden gällande sakfrågor. Välj vid varje fråga det alternativ som du anser vara det rätta.

60. Med vilken av följande energikällor producerades mest ström i Finland 2005?

Kol Vattenkraft Kärnkraft Naturgas

Vet ej

61. Hur många kärnkraftverk är för tillfället i bruk i Finland?

2 3 4 5 Vet ej

62. Vad menas med parlamentariskt styre?

Folkvälde Att riksdagen har regeringens förtroende Att regeringen har riksdagens förtroende Att regeringen har presidentens förtroende Vet ej

63. Till vilken finländsk kommuns område sökte bolaget Cogema (Areva) år 2005 inmutningsrätt för att kartlägga möjligheterna att bryta uran?

Askola Euraåminne Parkano Tervola Vet ej 5 64. Vem av följande personer är finansminister i Finlands nuvarande regering?

Antti Kalliomäki Eero Heinäluoma Kimmo Sasi Liisa Hyssälä

Vet ej

65. Hur stor andel utgör kärnenergin av världsproduktionen av elektricitet?

16 % 25 % 39 % 60 %

Vet ej

66. Vilken av följande energikällor klassas av EU som förnybar?

Torv Vattenkraft Kärnkraft Naturgas

Vet ej

67. I vilket av följande länder bryts uran som används i finländska kärnkraftverk?

Frankrike Sverige Finlands Ryssland

Vet ej

68. Vilket av följande är, sett till antalet platser i riksdagen, Finlands för tillfället näststörsta parti? Centern Samlingspartiet Finlands socialdemokratiska parti Vänsterförbundet

Vet ej

69. Var har man bestämt sig för att placera det kärnavfall som produceras av finländska kärnkraftverk? Det skall lagras i Ryssland Det skall lagras i Finland Det skall delvis lagras i Finland och delvis i Ryssland Det har inte ännu tagits ett slutligt beslut om var det skall placeras

Vet ej 6 70. Vilket beslutsorgan i Finland fäller avgörandet då ett principbeslut om utbyggnaden av kärnkraft tas? Riksdagen Handels• och industriministeriet Strålsäkerhetscentralen Statsrådet (regeringen)

Vet ej

71. Vilket av följande länder är en permanent medlem i Förenta nationernas säkerhetsråd? Japan Kanada Tyskland Ryssland

Vet ej

72. Vilket år exploderade kärnreaktorn i Tjernobyl, i det område som idag tillhör Ukraina? 1979 1982 1986 1990

Vet ej

73. I vilket av följande länder har det anordnats en folkomröstning om kärnkraft?

Frankrike Sverige Tyskland (fd. Förbundsrepubliken) Danmark

Vet ej

74. Vem får enligt gällande lagstiftning rösta i finländska riksdagsval?

Alla i Finland lagligt bosatta personer som uppnått myndig ålder Alla finländska medborgare som uppnått myndig ålder Endast de finländska medborgare som är bosatta i Finland och har uppnått myndig ålder Endast i Finland bosatta skattebetalare som uppnått myndig ålder

Vet ej

7 Vilken är Er åsikt i följande frågor gällande MEDBORGARDISKUSSIONEN?

Vilken är Er ställning i kärnkraftsfrågan? (75•76) Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt 75 Jag stöder byggandet av ett sjätte kärnkraftverk i Finland.

76 Jag motsätter mig byggandet av ett sjätte kärnkraftverk i Finland.

Vilken är den viktigaste motiveringen för Er åsikt?

______

Vad är Er åsikt gällande följande påståenden? (77•86) Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

77 Min inställning till kärnkraft förändrades under medborgardiskussionen.

78 Mina åsikter om energipolitik förändrades under medborgardiskussionen.

79 Deltagandet i medborgardiskussionen var en angenäm upplevelse.

80 Min kunskap om energifrågor växte under medborgardiskussionen.

81 Mina förutsättningar för att delta i politiska och medborgerliga aktiviteter växte under medborgardiskussionen.

82 Jag skulle gärna på nytt delta i en motsvarande tillställning.

8 Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

83 Jag deltog i medborgardiskussionen, eftersom jag fann temat intressant.

84 Jag deltog i medborgardiskussionen, eftersom man belönades med ett presentkort.

85 Jag deltog i medborgardiskussionen, eftersom tillställningen intresserade mig som ett demokratiskt experiment

86 I den politiska beslutsprocessen borde sådana former som liknar medborgardiskussionen utnyttjas.

Bedöm Ert eget deltagande i MEDBORGARDISKUSSIONEN, samt hurdan diskussionsatmosfär ni hade i Er egen grupp. (87•90) Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

87 Jag deltog aktivt i diskussionerna i min grupp.

88 Jag ställde en fråga till experterna.

89 I gruppdiskussionerna respekterade man och lyssnade till varandras åsikter.

90 Jag kunde föra fram mina åsikter på ett tillfredställande sätt under gruppdiskussionerna

Kommentarer angående MEDBORGARDISKUSSIONEN.

______

9 KYSELYLOMAKE Tämä kyselylomake on osa Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoitua tutkimusaineistoa

FSD2355 Kansalaiskeskustelu ydinvoimasta 2006

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä. Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is part of the following dataset, archived at the Finnish Social Science Data Archive:

FSD2355 Deliberative Discussion on Nuclear Power 2006

If this questionnaire is used or referred to in any publication, the source must be acknowledged by means of an appropriate bibliographic citation. More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/ ENKÄT Konfidentiell

Vad är er åsikt gällande följande påståenden? (1•19) Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

1 Ett sjätte kärnkraftverk borde byggas i Finland.

2 Finland borde använda mera stenkol i sin energiproduktion.

3 Finland borde använda mera trä och annan bioenergi i sin energiproduktion.

4 Finland borde öka sin elimport.

5 Finland borde använda mera torv i sin energiproduktion.

6 Finland borde använda mera vindkraft i sin energiproduktion.

7 Finland borde använda mera kärnkraft i sin energiproduktion.

8 Att uppmuntra till sparande av elektricitet borde utgöra en central del av den finländska energipolitiken.

9 Energiförbrukningen bör minska för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

10 Förnybara energikällor borde användas i större utsträckning för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

11 Kärnkraft borde användas i större utsträckning för att dämpa klimatförändringen.

12 Vid kärnkraftsproduktion utgör olyckor en betydande risk

13 Uranbrytning för utnyttjande av kärnkraft förorsakar betydande skada.

14 Förvaring av kärnavfall utgör en betydande risk.

15 Bruk av kärnkraft i Finland medför inga betydande risker.

16 Uranbrytning borde tillåtas i Finland.

17 Det borde ordnas en folkomröstning om byggandet av ett sjätte kärnkraftverk i Finland.

18 Finländare skulle spara el om det var brist på elektricitet och man blev uppmanad att spara.

19 Jag skulle själv spara el om det var brist på elektricitet och man blev uppmanad att spara. 20 Vilken är Er åsikt om kärnkraftens framtid i Finland under de närmaste tio åren? Placera följande alternativ(1, 2, 3) i ordningsföljd. (1 = bäst, 2, 3 = sämst).

Det borde byggas fler Det finns ett lämpligt antal Man borde avveckla kärnkraftverk kärnkraftverk i dagens läge kärnkraften

21 Hur säker är Ni på rangordningen ovan?

Säker Ganska säker Ganska osäker Osäker

22 Hur intresserad är Ni av energipolitik?

Väldigt Ganska Ganska Inte alls Vet ej intresserad intresserad ointresserad intresserad

Följande påståenden rör olika former för samhälleligt deltagande. Om Ni anser att någonting är väldigt viktigt för Er, vad har Ni gjort eller skulle kunna tänka Er att göra? (23•31)

Har Har inte gjort, men Skulle Vet ej gjort skulle kunna aldrig tänka mig att göra göra

23 Rösta i val.

24 Skriva insändare.

25 Ta kontakt med politiska beslutsfattare.

26 Skriva under ett upprop.

27 Delta i en bojkott, betalnings• eller köpstrejk.

28 Delta i en fredlig demonstration.

29 Uppvisa civil olydnad genom att delta i en olaglig form av direkt aktion.

30 Delta i sådana demonstrationer där det tidigare förekommit våld.

31 Bruka våld för att uppnå politiska mål.

2 Följande frågor har att göra med olika organisationer i vilkas verksamhet människor engagerar sig. (32•40) Berätta om Ni på något sätt har varit med i den aktuella organisationens verksamhet och i så fall på vilket sätt. Ange också om Ni har donerat pengar till organisationens verksamhet. Vanliga medlemsavgifter räknas inte som donation. Deltar i verksamhet Donerat pengar Är inte Är endast Är medlem medlem medlem och aktiv i verksamheten Ja

32 Idrottsförening, friluftsförening (inkl. jakt• och fiskeföreningar)?

33 Kultur• eller hobbyförening?

34 Byalag eller stadsdelsförening?

35 Fackförbund eller fackförening?

36 Organisation som har att göra med humanitärt bistånd, människorättsfrågor, minoriteter eller invandrare?

37 Miljö•, freds• eller djurskyddsförening?

38 Religiös organisation eller församling?

39 Politiskt parti?

40 Någon annan organisation för frivillig verksamhet som inte nämnts. Vilken? ______

Nedan finns ett antal påståenden som har att göra med politisk verksamhet. Vad anser Ni om följande påståenden? (41•53)

Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

41 Genom att rösta kan man påverka saker och ting.

42 De beslut som politikerna fattar påverkar inte mitt liv.

43 Vårt land behöver starka ledare som kan återställa disciplin och ordning i samhället.

44 Det är var och ens ensak om hon/han röstar eller inte.

45 Ibland känns det som om politiken är så komplicerad att en vanlig människa inte förstår vad som händer.

3 Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

46 En vanlig medborgare kan inte påverka politik.

47 Jag vet mer om politik och förvaltning än de flesta av mina medmänniskor.

48 I en allt mer globaliserad värld har Finlands regering svårt att påverka det som händer i Finland.

49 I slutändan är det ingen större skillnad vilka partier som ingår i Finlands regering.

50 Folkomröstningar borde användas mer i finländskt beslutsfattande.

51 Demokrati kan ha sina problem, men den är bättre än andra styrelseskick.

52 Jag är nöjd med hur Finlands nuvarande regering sköter sitt jobb.

53 Överlag fungerar demokratin i Finland väl.

54 Anser Ni er kunna identifiera er med något politiskt parti? Vilket parti? Samlingspartiet Sannfinländarna Svenska folkpartiet i Finland Centern i Finland Kristdemokraterna i Finland Finlands socialdemokratiska parti Vänsterförbundet Gröna förbundet Något annat parti Jag kan inte identifiera mig med något politiskt parti Vet ej

55 Kommer Ni att rösta i riksdagsvalet 2007?

Ja, jag röstar Ja, ganska säkert Jag tror inte att jag Nej, jag är säker Vet ej helt säkert röstar på att jag inte röstar

4 56 Hur intresserad är Ni av politik?

Väldigt intresserad Ganska Ganska Inte alls Vet ej intresserad ointresserad intresserad

Nedan finns några påståenden rörande människor. Vad är Er åsikt gällande följande påståenden? (57•64)

Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

57 De flesta människor är i grund och botten goda och snälla.

58 Det är säkrast att anta att alla människor har onda avsikter som kommer fram vid första möjliga tillfälle.

59 Det lönar sig att vara ärlig i alla situationer.

60 Det finns ingen ursäkt för en lögn.

61 Om man litar blint på andra, tigger man om problem.

62 Människor jobbar i allmänhet inte effektivt om de inte tvingas till det.

63 I allmänhet kan man lita på de flesta människor.

64 Jag tänker donera blod under de närmaste sex månaderna. (Lämna frågan obesvarad, ifall ni inte godkänns som blodgivare.)

Hur mycket litar Ni på följande finländska institutioner? (65•68)

Väldigt mycket Ganska Ganska lite Väldigt lite Vet ej mycket

65 Riksdagen

66 Rättsväsendet

67 Polisen

68 Politiker

5 Vilken är Er åsikt i följande frågor gällande Helt av Delvis av Delvis av Helt av Vet ej MEDBORGARDISKUSSIONEN? (69•74) samma samma annan annan åsikt åsikt åsikt åsikt

69 Min inställning till kärnkraft förändrades under medborgardiskussionen.

70 Mina åsikter om energipolitik förändrades under medborgardiskussionen.

71 Min kunskap om energifrågor växte under medborgardiskussionen.

72 Mina förutsättningar för att delta i politiska och medborgerliga aktiviteter växte under medborgardiskussionen.

73 Jag skulle gärna på nytt delta i en motsvarande tillställning. 74 I den politiska beslutsprocessen borde sådana former som liknar medborgardiskussionen utnyttjas.

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