6th International Conference The Economies of Balkan and Eastern Europe Countries in the changed World 9 - 10 May 2014 Nis, Serbia http://ebeec.teikav.edu.gr organized by Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, Department of Accountancy and Finance, Greece University of Nis, Faculty of Economics, Serbia ASECU CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS E B E E C 2 0 1 4 Proceedings of the 6 th International Conference ‘The Economies of Balkan and Eastern Europe Countries in the changed World’ EBEEC 2014 Nis, Serbia May 9-10, 2014 Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, Department of Accountancy and Finance, Greece University of Nis, Faculty of Economics, Serbia ISBN: 978-960-363-044-9 ISSN: 1792-4383 Contents George Borovas, Maria Eleni Voutsa, University of Macedonia / University of Thessaly, Greece “The states of dream and the dream which became a nightmare: The case of Bosnia and Herzegovina”....................................................................................................1 Electra Pitoska, Western Macedonia Institute of Technology, Greece “Official and unofficial trade between trans-border areas during the economic crisis: The case of Florina/Greece and Bitola/FYROM”......................................................8 Georgios Kyriazopoulos, Parthena Chrysochoidou, Pantelis Papaioannou,Western Macedonia Institute of Technology / Hellenic Open University of Patras / Western Macedonia Institute of Technology, Greece “Profitability of cooperative banks with Dupont analysis: Evidence of Greek banking system”....................................................................................................................16 Androniki Katarachia, Electra Pitoska, Western Macedonia Institute of Technology, Greece “Socioeconomic integration of Albanian immigrants in Greek peripheral economies”.............................................................................................................26 Christos Geranis, Dimitrios Papadopoulos, Dimitrios Aivazidis, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology / Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology/ Teacher of Physical Education, Greece “Satisfaction value for money and behavioral intention of young athletes parents”...................................................................................................................32 Sofia D. Anastasiadou, Eugenia A. Panitsides, University of Western Macedonia / University of Macedonia, Greece “And now whither..? European union lifelong learning policy: A two level analysis”.................................................................................................................42 Electra Pitoska, George Damianos,Western Macedonia Institute of Technology / Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece “The economic crisis and its impact on municipal enterprises: The municipal enterprise 'Waterfalls of Edessa'”.............................................................................52 Stella G. Giossi, Sofia D. Anastasiadou, University of Macedonia / University of Western Macedonia, Greece “Human resources dimensions: An approach of Greek managers”...........................59 Kristina Andjelic, University of Nis, Serbia “Lessons from the past: How to create investment climate and adapt it to the challenges of the changing world”..........................................................................63 Antonios Papathanasiou, Persefoni Polychronidou, Anastasios Karasavvoglou, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, Greece “The affect of media in consumer behaviour - An empirical analysis”.....................71 Konstantinos Filippidis, Theodoros Papadopoulos, University of Macedonia, Greece “Globalization and Europe- Measuring the effects in SEE countries”.......................73 Aggelos Kotios, George Galanos, Spyros Roukanas, Sifis Plymakis, University of Piraeus / University of Piraeus / University of Piraeus / National Centre for Public Performance, Greece “Assessing the performance of alternative municipal services provision in Greece: competition and co-operation under the constellation of bureaucracy”..........................................................................................................77 I Anila Nanaj, High Technical Economical School Tirana, Albania “The poverty reduction and sustainable development. A binomial challenge”................................................................................................................84 Eva Erakovic, University of Nis, Serbia “The influence of higher education development on the global competitiveness of the southeast European countries”.................................................................................92 II 6th International Conference “TheEconomiesofBalkanandEasternEuropeCountriesintheChangedworld” Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology (Greece), University of Nis (Serbia) THE DREAM STATES AND THE NIGHTMARE TO FOLLOW: ΤHE CASE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA George Borovas1 and Maria Eleni Voutsa2 1University of Macedonia, 156 Egnatias Ave., 546.36 Thessaloniki Greece 2University of Thessaly, 43 Korai str., 38333 Volos Greece ABSTRACT In the late 1990s initiated the break up of Yugoslavia. This process resulted eventually six new countries and Kosovo. These countries could be called as the states of the dream as the main creation was based on dreams of a large proportion of their inhabitants for independence from Yugoslavia. Today, after more than 20 years since their creation in some of them seem the dream turns into a nightmare. One of these cases appear to be and Bosnia and Herzegovina, especially after violent clashes in the town of Tuzla and spread over almost the entire country. Cause these conflicts high unemployment and the economic crisis that plagued the country in recent years. In this paper an attempt is made detection of the causes that led to the dream turned into a nightmare after two decades. KEYWORDS Economic crisis, privatization. JEL CLASSIFICATION CODES F51,F52,F53 1. INTRODUCTION Since the establishment of Tito's Yugoslavia, its multicultural-multinational structure has constituted its main axis in domestic policy making. Ethnic relations continued to preoccupy the Yugoslav Communist Party, which in the years to follow invented, configured and attempted to impose the so-called Yugoslav Identity in order to resolve the national issue (Stanimirović 1987: 98) which states what Tito himself said ‘this [diversity of ethnicities] was a determinant whose content influenced the philosophy of the Yugoslav revolution’ (Christidis, 2003: 72). Within the ideological framework of the Yugoslav Identity, what was also formed was the motto ‘Brotherhood and Unity’ (Bratstvo I Jedinstvo ) as well as the stance of the party with regard to the anti-fascist struggle, according to which all the nations of the Yugoslav federation contributed equally to the struggle against the conqueror (Lampe 2000: 236). From its creation in 1945 up to its breakup in 1989, the country was ruled by four institutional-constitutional frameworks, which in fact constituted a constant endeavor to resolve problems, maintain balances and bridge the differences among nations, particularly between Serbs and Croats (Christidis 2003: 71) . 1960 sparked the beginning of a period characterized by the extension of democratization and in 1963 a new constitution was passed which established the ‘Socialist Republic’, while granting greater autonomy to Republics as well as introducing the term ‘Socialist Self-Administration’ into the political life of the country. These changes aimed at creating a governance model which would be different from that of the Soviet Union, while attempting to diminish tensions among the numerous ethnic groups that made up the multicultural society of the country (Ivanović 2002: 72). The decentralized policy implemented in Yugoslavia, especially during the 1960s, eventually led to the strengthening of national identities, the separation among diverse ethnicities as well as the reduction of tolerance to members of different ethnic groups (Kuzmanović 1995: 241). The result was the reinforcement of national 1 6th International Conference “TheEconomiesofBalkanandEasternEuropeCountriesintheChangedworld” Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology (Greece), University of Nis (Serbia) identities over the collective-Yugoslav identity which the Communist Party tried to promote-impose during the first era of Tito's Yugoslavia. In 1974 a new Constitution was enacted, which in essence was a new attempt to solve the problems among the Yugoslav Republics, though it turned out that it rather escalated them. In terms of this Constitution, the provinces of Kosovo and Vojvodina were converted into de facto Republics, adopting behaviors that resembled those of official Republics. That is, they gradually started to act and behave as independent states. Finally, the implementation of Tito’s governance program resulted in exciting nationalism, undermined the long-term unity of the country and led to its breakup in 1989 as, after Tito’s death in 1980, politicians whose positions were nationalistic-sectarian rather than unifying loomed in the political scene of the country (Ivanović 2002: 117). The period 1987-1991 sparked changes in Yugoslavia’s society which were characterized as the end of the one-party governance system, the growth of nationalist demand and the claims put forward by Croatia and Slovenia. CONSOCIATIONAL DAYTON AGREEMENT SOCIALIST SELF- DEMOCRACY ADMINISTRATION