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Differential Fuzzing the Webassembly
Master’s Programme in Security and Cloud Computing Differential Fuzzing the WebAssembly Master’s Thesis Gilang Mentari Hamidy MASTER’S THESIS Aalto University - EURECOM MASTER’STHESIS 2020 Differential Fuzzing the WebAssembly Fuzzing Différentiel le WebAssembly Gilang Mentari Hamidy This thesis is a public document and does not contain any confidential information. Cette thèse est un document public et ne contient aucun information confidentielle. Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Technology. Antibes, 27 July 2020 Supervisor: Prof. Davide Balzarotti, EURECOM Co-Supervisor: Prof. Jan-Erik Ekberg, Aalto University Copyright © 2020 Gilang Mentari Hamidy Aalto University - School of Science EURECOM Master’s Programme in Security and Cloud Computing Abstract Author Gilang Mentari Hamidy Title Differential Fuzzing the WebAssembly School School of Science Degree programme Master of Science Major Security and Cloud Computing (SECCLO) Code SCI3084 Supervisor Prof. Davide Balzarotti, EURECOM Prof. Jan-Erik Ekberg, Aalto University Level Master’s thesis Date 27 July 2020 Pages 133 Language English Abstract WebAssembly, colloquially known as Wasm, is a specification for an intermediate representation that is suitable for the web environment, particularly in the client-side. It provides a machine abstraction and hardware-agnostic instruction sets, where a high-level programming language can target the compilation to the Wasm instead of specific hardware architecture. The JavaScript engine implements the Wasm specification and recompiles the Wasm instruction to the target machine instruction where the program is executed. Technically, Wasm is similar to a popular virtual machine bytecode, such as Java Virtual Machine (JVM) or Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). -
Dynamic Web Pages with the Embedded Web Server
Dynamic Web Pages With The Embedded Web Server The Digi-Geek’s AJAX Workbook (NET+OS, XML, & JavaScript) Version 1.0 5/4/2011 Page 1 Copyright Digi International, 2011 Table of Contents Chapter 1 - How to Use this Guide ............................................................................................................... 5 Prerequisites – If You Can Ping, You Can Use This Thing! ..................................................................... 5 Getting Help with TCP/IP and Wi-Fi Setup ............................................................................................ 5 The Study Guide or the Short Cut? ....................................................................................................... 5 C Code ................................................................................................................................................... 6 HTML Code ............................................................................................................................................ 6 XML File ................................................................................................................................................. 6 Provide us with Your Feedback ............................................................................................................. 6 Chapter 2 - The Server-Client Relationship ................................................................................................... 7 Example – An Analogy for a Normal HTML page ................................................................................. -
Interaction Between Web Browsers and Script Engines
IT 12 058 Examensarbete 45 hp November 2012 Interaction between web browsers and script engines Xiaoyu Zhuang Institutionen för informationsteknologi Department of Information Technology Abstract Interaction between web browser and the script engine Xiaoyu Zhuang Teknisk- naturvetenskaplig fakultet UTH-enheten Web browser plays an important part of internet experience and JavaScript is the most popular programming language as a client side script to build an active and Besöksadress: advance end user experience. The script engine which executes JavaScript needs to Ångströmlaboratoriet Lägerhyddsvägen 1 interact with web browser to get access to its DOM elements and other host objects. Hus 4, Plan 0 Browser from host side needs to initialize the script engine and dispatch script source code to the engine side. Postadress: This thesis studies the interaction between the script engine and its host browser. Box 536 751 21 Uppsala The shell where the engine address to make calls towards outside is called hosting layer. This report mainly discussed what operations could appear in this layer and Telefon: designed testing cases to validate if the browser is robust and reliable regarding 018 – 471 30 03 hosting operations. Telefax: 018 – 471 30 00 Hemsida: http://www.teknat.uu.se/student Handledare: Elena Boris Ämnesgranskare: Justin Pearson Examinator: Lisa Kaati IT 12 058 Tryckt av: Reprocentralen ITC Contents 1. Introduction................................................................................................................................ -
Machine Learning in the Browser
Machine Learning in the Browser The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:38811507 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Machine Learning in the Browser a thesis presented by Tomas Reimers to The Department of Computer Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the subject of Computer Science Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts March 2017 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Background . .3 1.2 Motivation . .4 1.2.1 Privacy . .4 1.2.2 Unavailable Server . .4 1.2.3 Simple, Self-Contained Demos . .5 1.3 Challenges . .5 1.3.1 Performance . .5 1.3.2 Poor Generality . .7 1.3.3 Manual Implementation in JavaScript . .7 2 The TensorFlow Architecture 7 2.1 TensorFlow's API . .7 2.2 TensorFlow's Implementation . .9 2.3 Portability . .9 3 Compiling TensorFlow into JavaScript 10 3.1 Motivation to Compile . 10 3.2 Background on Emscripten . 10 3.2.1 Build Process . 12 3.2.2 Dependencies . 12 3.2.3 Bitness Assumptions . 13 3.2.4 Concurrency Model . 13 3.3 Experiences . 14 4 Results 15 4.1 Benchmarks . 15 4.2 Library Size . 16 4.3 WebAssembly . 17 5 Developer Experience 17 5.1 Universal Graph Runner . -
Effects and Opportunities of Native Code Extensions For
Effects and Opportunities of Native Code Extensions for Computationally Demanding Web Applications DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Dr. Phil. im Fach Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft eingereicht an der Philosophischen Fakultät I Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin von Dipl. Inform. Dennis Jarosch Präsident der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: Prof. Dr. Jan-Hendrik Olbertz Dekan der Philosophischen Fakultät I: Prof. Michael Seadle, Ph.D. Gutachter: 1. Prof. Dr. Robert Funk 2. Prof. Michael Seadle, Ph.D. eingereicht am: 28.10.2011 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 16.12.2011 Abstract The World Wide Web is amidst a transition from interactive websites to web applications. An increasing number of users perform their daily computing tasks entirely within the web browser — turning the Web into an important platform for application development. The Web as a platform, however, lacks the computational performance of native applications. This problem has motivated the inception of Microsoft Xax and Google Native Client (NaCl), two independent projects that fa- cilitate the development of native web applications. Native web applications allow the extension of conventional web applications with compiled native code, while maintaining operating system portability. This dissertation determines the bene- fits and drawbacks of native web applications. It also addresses the question how the performance of JavaScript web applications compares to that of native appli- cations and native web applications. Four application benchmarks are introduced that focus on different performance aspects: number crunching (serial and parallel), 3D graphics performance, and data processing. A performance analysis is under- taken in order to determine and compare the performance characteristics of native C applications, JavaScript web applications, and NaCl native web applications. -
THE FUTURE of SCREENS from James Stanton a Little Bit About Me
THE FUTURE OF SCREENS From james stanton A little bit about me. Hi I am James (Mckenzie) Stanton Thinker / Designer / Engineer / Director / Executive / Artist / Human / Practitioner / Gardner / Builder / and much more... Born in Essex, United Kingdom and survived a few hair raising moments and learnt digital from the ground up. Ok enough of the pleasantries I have been working in the design field since 1999 from the Falmouth School of Art and onwards to the RCA, and many companies. Ok. less about me and more about what I have seen… Today we are going to cover - SCREENS CONCEPTS - DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION - WHY ASSETS LIBRARIES - CODE LIBRARIES - COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR IMPLEMENTATION I know, I know, I know. That's all good and well, but what does this all mean to a company like mine? We are about to see a massive change in consumer behavior so let's get ready. DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AS A USP Getting this correct will change your company forever. DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION USP-01 Digital transformation (DT) – the use of technology to radically improve performance or reach of enterprises – is becoming a hot topic for companies across the globe. VERY DIGITAL CHANGING NOT VERY DIGITAL DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION USP-02 Companies face common pressures from customers, employees and competitors to begin or speed up their digital transformation. However they are transforming at different paces with different results. VERY DIGITAL CHANGING NOT VERY DIGITAL DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION USP-03 Successful digital transformation comes not from implementing new technologies but from transforming your organisation to take advantage of the possibilities that new technologies provide. -
Impassive Modernism in Arabic and Hebrew Literatures
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Against the Flow: Impassive Modernism in Arabic and Hebrew Literatures A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature by Shir Alon 2017 © Copyright by Shir Alon 2017 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Against the Flow: Impassive Modernism in Arabic and Hebrew Literatures by Shir Alon Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature University of California, Los Angeles, 2017 Professor Gil Hochberg, Co-Chair Professor Nouri Gana, Co-Chair Against the Flow: Impassive Modernism in Arabic and Hebrew Literatures elaborates two interventions in contemporary studies of Middle Eastern Literatures, Global Modernisms, and Comparative Literature: First, the dissertation elaborates a comparative framework to read twentieth century Arabic and Hebrew literatures side by side and in conversation, as two literary cultures sharing, beyond a contemporary reality of enmity and separation, a narrative of transition to modernity. The works analyzed in the dissertation, hailing from Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, Egypt, and Tunisia, emerge against the Hebrew and Arabic cultural and national renaissance movements, and the establishment of modern independent states in the Middle East. The dissertation stages encounters between Arabic and Hebrew literary works, exploring the ii parallel literary forms they develop in response to shared temporal narratives of a modernity outlined elsewhere and already, and in negotiation with Orientalist legacies. Secondly, the dissertation develops a generic-formal framework to address the proliferation of static and decadent texts emerging in a cultural landscape of national revival and its aftermaths, which I name impassive modernism. Viewed against modernism’s emphatic features, impassive modernism is characterized by affective and formal investment in stasis, immobility, or immutability: suspension in space or time and a desire for nonproductivity. -
Create Mobile Apps with HTML5, Javascript and Visual Studio
Create mobile apps with HTML5, JavaScript and Visual Studio DevExtreme Mobile is a single page application (SPA) framework for your next Windows Phone, iOS and Android application, ready for online publication or packaged as a store-ready native app using Apache Cordova (PhoneGap). With DevExtreme, you can target today’s most popular mobile devices with a single codebase and create interactive solutions that will amaze. Get started today… ・ Leverage your existing Visual Studio expertise. ・ Build a real app, not just a web page. ・ Deliver a native UI and experience on all supported devices. ・ Use over 30 built-in touch optimized widgets. Learn more and download your free trial devexpress.com/mobile All trademarks or registered trademarks are property of their respective owners. Untitled-4 1 10/2/13 11:58 AM APPLICATIONS & DEVELOPMENT SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE INSIDE Choose a Cloud Network for Government-Compliant magazine Applications Geo-Visualization of SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE & DEVELOPMENT SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE APPLICATIONS Government Data Sources Harness Open Data with CKAN, OData and Windows Azure Engage Communities with Open311 THE DIGITAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE Inside the tools, technologies and APIs that are changing the way government interacts with citizens. PLUS SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE APPLICATIONS & DEVELOPMENT SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE & DEVELOPMENT SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE APPLICATIONS Enhance Services with Windows Phone 8 Wallet and NFC Leverage Web Assets as Data Sources for Apps APPLICATIONS & DEVELOPMENT SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE ISSUE GOVERNMENT SPECIAL DEVELOPMENT & APPLICATIONS Untitled-1 1 10/4/13 11:40 AM CONTENTS OCTOBER 2013/SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE OCTOBER 2013/SPECIAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE magazine FEATURES MOHAMMAD AL-SABT Editorial Director/[email protected] Geo-Visualization of Government KENT SHARKEY Site Manager Data Sources MICHAEL DESMOND Editor in Chief/[email protected] Malcolm Hyson .......................................... -
Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications
Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick November 6, 2012 Who am I? Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Met Unix (in the form of Xenix) in 1985 Jeff Trawick Joined IBM in 1990 to work on network software for mainframes Moved to a different organization in 2000 to work on Apache httpd Later spent about 4 years at Sun/Oracle Got tired of being tired of being an employee of too-huge corporation so formed my own too-small company Currently working part-time, coding on other projects, and taking classes Overview Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Huge problem space, so simplify Perspective: \General purpose" web servers, not minimal application containers which implement HTTP \Applications:" Code that runs dynamically on the server during request processing to process input and generate output Possible web server interactions Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Native code plugin modules (uhh, assuming server is native code) Non-native code + language interpreter inside server (Lua, Perl, etc.) Arbitrary processes on the other side of a standard wire protocol like HTTP (proxy), CGI, FastCGI, etc. (Java and \all of the above") or private protocol Some hybrid such as mod fcgid mod fcgid as example hybrid Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Supports applications which implement a standard wire protocol, no restriction on implementation mechanism Has extensive support for managing the application[+interpreter] processes so that the management of the application processes is well-integrated with the web server Contrast with mod proxy fcgi (pure FastCGI, no process management) or mod php (no processes/threads other than those of web server). -
Extracting Taint Specifications for Javascript Libraries
Extracting Taint Specifications for JavaScript Libraries Cristian-Alexandru Staicu Martin Toldam Torp Max Schäfer TU Darmstadt Aarhus University GitHub [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Anders Møller Michael Pradel Aarhus University University of Stuttgart [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT ACM Reference Format: Modern JavaScript applications extensively depend on third-party Cristian-Alexandru Staicu, Martin Toldam Torp, Max Schäfer, Anders Møller, and Michael Pradel. 2020. Extracting Taint Specifications for JavaScript libraries. Especially for the Node.js platform, vulnerabilities can Libraries. In 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE have severe consequences to the security of applications, resulting ’20), May 23–29, 2020, Seoul, Republic of Korea. ACM, New York, NY, USA, in, e.g., cross-site scripting and command injection attacks. Existing 12 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3377811.3380390 static analysis tools that have been developed to automatically detect such issues are either too coarse-grained, looking only at 1 INTRODUCTION package dependency structure while ignoring dataflow, or rely on JavaScript is powering a wide variety of web applications, both manually written taint specifications for the most popular libraries client-side and server-side. Many of these applications are security- to ensure analysis scalability. critical, such as PayPal, Netflix, or Uber, which handle massive In this work, we propose a technique for automatically extract- amounts of privacy-sensitive user data and other assets. An impor- ing taint specifications for JavaScript libraries, based on a dynamic tant characteristic of modern JavaScript-based applications is the analysis that leverages the existing test suites of the libraries and extensive use of third-party libraries. -
In Re Equifax Inc. Securities Litigation 17-CV-03463-Consolidated Class
Case 1:17-cv-03463-TWT Document 49 Filed 04/23/18 Page 1 of 198 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF GEORGIA ATLANTA DIVISION IN RE EQUIFAX INC. SECURITIES Consolidated Case No. LITIGATION 1:17-cv-03463-TWT CONSOLIDATED CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT FOR VIOLATIONS OF THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS Case 1:17-cv-03463-TWT Document 49 Filed 04/23/18 Page 2 of 198 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. PRELIMINARY STATEMENT .....................................................................2 II. PARTIES .......................................................................................................10 A. Lead Plaintiff ...................................................................................... 10 B. Defendants .......................................................................................... 10 1. Equifax, Inc. ............................................................................. 10 2. Individual Defendants .............................................................. 12 III. JURISDICTION AND VENUE ....................................................................13 IV. SUMMARY OF THE FRAUD .....................................................................13 A. Equifax’s Business is to Collect and Sell Sensitive Personal Information About Global Consumers ............................................... 13 B. Defendants Knew that Securing the Information Equifax Collected Was Critical to the Company’s Business ........................... 16 C. Defendants Issue Statements Touting Cybersecurity, Compliance with -
User's Manual for Spatial Data Product Specification Description
Technical Report of the Geographical Survey Institute A1-No.264 User's Manual for Spatial Data Product Specification Description May 2002 Preface to English Edition In Japan, the Geographical Survey Institute and private companies have jointly created and updated the Japanese Standards for Geographic Information (JSGI) in accordance with several standards in the draft stage to arrange implementation tests and utilization manuals since before the international standard based on ISO/TC211 si issued. User's Manual for Spatial Data Product Specification Description is created to spread the standards based on ISO/TC211 in Japan. This manual assumes that national organizations, local public organizations, and private companies use the ISO standards, and has the purpose that is different from that of ISO19131 Data Product Specifications. However, in order to help consider creating the standard for data product specifications or use the ISO standards in countries, this English version is created. The original of this manual is created from JSGI that is created in Japanese based on the draft standard created in English. Therefore, this English version is created through the processes of translation from English to Japanese, and from Japanese to English. Because of the time limit, the retranslated English technical terms are not examined carefully, and note that some terms are not correct. XML tag names are described alphabetically, but many of them are based on the Japanese alphabet (Roman character) notation instead of English because it is assumed that they are used in Japan. These tag names are not forcibly translated into English but "Note(E)" is appended to them.