Feasibility Study / Detailed Project Report for - Talapada - Chandipur - TOR Chandaneshwar - Digha for upgradation to Two/Four Lane with paved shoulder NH configuration under BHARATMALA Project

PROPOSED TERMS OF REFERENCE(TOR) FOR EIA & EMP STUDY

The Government of is aimed at improving the connectivity in border areas under 'Bharatmala scheme', for which National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) plays a key role. NHAI has been assigned the work of project management consultancy for the selected stretches/corridors of various roads in few states across India. As part of this endeavor, the authority has decided to carry out feasibility study of Basudevpur– Talapada–Chandipur–Chandaneshwar–Digha stretch for upgradation to two/four lane with paved shoulder NH configuration under Bharatmala project.

NHAI has appointed M/s Aarvee Associates Architects Engineers & Consultants Pvt. Ltd. to provide consultancy services for the detailed project report for 200.478 km road stretch under Bharatmala scheme. The Agreement for consultancy services was signed on 11.02.2016 by the consultants and reconnaissance preliminary surveys were carried out from May to June 2017 based on the authority's letter NHAI/BM/Proc./01/DPR/2015/76274 dated 31.12.2015.

The inception report and feasibility report have been prepared based on the reconnaissance survey in accordance with the contract agreement for preparation of detailed project report for the upgradation to two/four lane with paved shoulder NH configuration from Basudevpur to Digha under Bharathmala project. The index map showing the proposed project stretch is shown in Figure 1.

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2.0 Project Description The present study deals with two laning with paved shoulder of Basuvdevpur to Digha (108.660 Km) in the satae of on EPC mode. Most of the proposed alignment of the project stretch follows greenfield alignment i.e. nearly three-fourth of the project stretch passes through open fields (agricultural and barren area) and water bodies. The part of the alignment that passes through the existing road mostly passes in such a way that less dense built-up areas are getting affected. All the bypasses are planned in such a way that the alignment does not get affected by the nearby built-up areas.

The alignment passes through 3 districts namely , in the state of Odisha and East Medinipur in the state of West Bengal. The project stretch covers 10 villages in , 115 villages in and 7 villages in East Medinpur district. The project stretch passes through 9 major rivers namely Hansua, Patasala Nadi, Bramhani, Baitarani, Matei Nadi, Budha Balanga Nadi, Dubi Dubi Nala, Panchpada Nadi and Subarnarekha Nadi. Project road length details are given in Table 1.

Table 1: Project Details - Package Wise

Chainage (Km) S.No. Package Name Length (Km) From To

1 Package – II: Basudevpur - Chandipur 91.000 140.700 49.700

2 Package – III: Chandipur - Digha 140.700 200.478 59.778

The existing project road passes through a number of places of habitation. Major built– up areas en-route are Basudevpur, Sudarsanpur, Jagganthpur, Salanga, Srirampur, Padmapur, Chanuan, Kathakata and Digha. Other than the above, smaller villages and scattered settlements also exist along the project road. The Proposed bypasses are given in Table 2, and salient features and engineering features are given in Table 3 and Table 4.

Table 2: Proposed bypasses with chainages

Name of the Chainage (km) Design length S. No bypass from to (km)

Nil

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Table 3: Salient features of the project road

S. No. Parameter Description

1 Location of project Basudevpur to Digha in Odisha and West Bengal state

2 Terrain Plain

3 Major settlement along the Basudevpur, Srijung, Rasalpur, and Digha project stretch

4 Rivers/ streams/ canals Budha balanga river, Panchpara Nadi, Dubi Dubi Nala, Subarnarekha river

5 Forest area and sanctuaries Gramya Jungle

6 Length of the existing 2.400 km alignment

7 Existing carriageway width 7.00 m

8 Administrative locations Basudevpur, Baliapal, Bhograi, Remuna, Baleswar Sadar, East Medinipur

9 State Odisha and West Bengal

Table 4: Engineering features of the project road

S. No. Parameter Existing Proposed

45m/80m (near 1 Right of way (RoW) 15.00 m major Bridge Approach)

2 Design speed - 100 Kmph

3 Major bridges - 5

4 Minor bridges - 27

5 No. of railway crossings - -

6 Railway over bridge (ROB) - -

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S. No. Parameter Existing Proposed

7 Railway under bridge (RUB) - -

8 No. of culverts 7 188

9 Pedestrian/cattle underpasses - 1

10 Vehicular Underpasses / Overpasses - 13

11 Fly overs - -

12 Foot over bridges - -

13 Bus bayes - 54

14 Truck lay byes - 2

15 Rest areas - 2

16 Toll plazas - 2

17 Bypasses/realignments - -

18 Total number of trees affected - 1574

15740 (As per info given by Mr. Tree Plantation Proposed Karemulla Basha, in 19 - (minimum 1:3) Odisha plantation shall me made for 1:10)

Land to be acquired (incl. social 20 - 514.9748 Ha forestry)

21 Project cost - 1248 crores

Generation of solid waste/waste soil in 22 - - the project

Utilisation of the waste soil in the 23 - - project

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S. No. Parameter Existing Proposed

24 Carting provision of the waste soil in - - low lying areas

2.1 Site and its Environs

The study has been conducted to know the existing amenities in the project road. The Chainage wise features like terrain, land-use, pavement type & condition and carriageway width, shoulder type, condition & width, nature of soil, curve geometry, intersection details, location of water bodies, height of embankment or depth of cut, cross drainage structures, existing utility services, general drainage conditions etc., have been recorded. The road inventory has been referenced to the existing kilometre & hectometre stones established along the roadside.

2.1.1 Geographical features

ODISHA STATE:

Odisha is situated in the eastern part of India, surrounded by the states of West Bengal to the north-east, Jharkhand to the north, Chattisgarh to the west and north-west and Andhra Pradesh to the south and south-west. Odisha has 485 kilometers of coastline along the on its east, from Balasore to Malkangiri. Located between the latitudes 17.780N, 22.730N and between longitudes 81.37E and 87.53E, Odisha has an area of 155,707 sq. km, which consists of 4.87% of total area of the country. The plains are rich in fertile silt deposited by the six major rivers flowing into the Bay of Bengal: Subarnarekha, Budhabalanga, Baitarani, Brahmani, Mahanadi and Rushikulya.

BHADRAK DISTRICT

Bhadrak District is an administrative district of Odisha state in eastern India.

The district has an area of 2,505 sq. km. Bhadrak town is situated at a distance of 125 km from the state capital, . Salandi River passes by this district. Bhadrak is home to FACOR, which is one of the largest manufacturers of quality ferro chrome in the country. Many new factories including Ship Building factory will be coming up soon.

Bhadrak has a special identity for ERAM VILLAGE which is known as "2ND JALIANAWALABAGH". It is 07 km from Basudevpur.

Bhadrak railway station is the biggest railway station of Bhadrak district and serves

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Bhadrak city. An important upcoming town in Bhadrak district is Dhamara, which is upcoming newly built Mega port of the district. New railway line from Bhadrak to is constructed.

According to the 2011 census Bhadrak district has a population of 1,506,522, roughly equal to the nation of Ganon or the US state of Hawaii. This gives it a ranking of 332nd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 601 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,560/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001- 2011 was 12.95%. Bhadrak has a sex ratio of 981 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 83.25%.

The language mostly spoken by the people is Odia, though some people speak .

Bhadrak is famous for Temple, which is also now a great occasion over the district. Aradi, , , Dhamara, and Guamala Nuasasan are some other places of tourist interest.

Biggest Pond in Odisha and Famous Maa Patana Mangala Temple (Chhatrapada) is about 38.0 km (43 min) away from Bhadrak.

BALASORE DISTRICT:

Balasore District, also known as Baleswar District or Baleshwar District, is an administrative district of Odisha state in eastern India. Balasore is one of the coastal Districts of Odisha. It is located in the northeast of the state of Odisha and lies between 21° 3' to 21° 59' north latitude and 86° 20' to 87° 29' east longitude. The average altitude of the district is 19.08 metre. The district has a total area of 3634 sq. km. It is bounded by Midnapore district of West Bengal in its North, the Bay of Bengal in the east, Bhadrak district in the South and Mayurbhanj and Keonjhar districts on its western side.

According to the 2011 census Balasore district has a population of 2,317,419, roughly equal to the nation of Latvia or the US state of New Mexico. This gives it a ranking of 195th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 609 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,580/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.47%. Baleshwar has a sex ratio of 957 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 80.66%.

Balasore District is one of the economically strong District in Odisha, which is privileged in both agriculture and industry. In spite of being an agrarian economy, agriculture is the main stay of the people of Balasore. The District lies in the coastal part of Odisha and is blessed with hot and humid climate with alluvium soil and intersected by the perennial rivers, which collectively provides conducive infrastructure for the growth of agriculture

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in this region. In the recent years, the utilization of the wasteland for ensuring the economic development of Balasore District has been taken into consideration and it is being used for the production of coconut and betel. The local economy of Balasore District largely depends on the cultivation of paddy and wheat.

Though a major section of Odisha’s population depends on agriculture, industry is the nucleus of the economic development of Balasore District. With the establishment of D.I.C, functioning from the year 1978, the District has witnessed prominent success in the field of industrial development. It is the nodal agency for promotion and establishment of small, medium and large industries and as well as for the cottage and handicraft industries in the District. Ori Plast Limited, Jagannath Biscuits Private Limited, Odisha Rubber Industries and Odisha Plastic Processing are some of the award winning small scale units of the District. Birla Tyres, Ispat Alloys Limited, Emami Paper Mills Limited and Polar Pharma India Limited are some of the large scale industries which are contributing in a big way towards the growth of the economy of the District.

WEST BENGAL STATE:

West Bengal is an Indian state, located in Eastern India on the Bay of Bengal. With over 91 million inhabitants (as of 2011), it is India's fourth-most populous state. It has an area of 88,752 km2 (34,267 sq mi). A part of the ethno-linguistic Bengal regionof the Indian subcontinent, it borders Bangladesh in the east, and Nepal and Bhutan in the north. It also borders the Indian states of Odisha, Jharkhand, Bihar, Sikkim, and Assam. The state capital is Kolkata (Calcutta), the seventh-largest city in India. As for geography, West Bengal includes the Darjeeling Himalayan hill region, the Ganges delta, the Rarh region, and the coastal Sundarbans. The main ethnic group are the Bengalis, with Bengali Hindus forming the demographic majority.

EAST MEDINIPUR DISTRICT:

Purba Medinipur (English: East Medinipur, alternative spelling Midnapore) district is an administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the southernmost district of Medinipur division – one of the five administrative divisions of West Bengal. The headquarters in Tamluk. The state of Odisha is at the southwest border; the Bay of Bengal lies in the south; the Hooghly river and South 24 Parganas district to the east; and Howrah district to the north-east.

Purba Medinipur district is part of the lower Indo-Gangetic Plain and Eastern coastal plains. Topographically, the district can be divided into two parts – (a) almost entirely flat plains on the west, east and north, (b) the coastal plains on the south. The vast expanse of land is formed of alluvium and is composed of younger and coastal alluvial. The

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elevation of the district is within 10 metres above mean sea level. The district has a long coastline of 65.5 km along its southern and south eastern boundary. The major rivers are Haldi, Rupnarayan, Rasulpur, Bagui and Keleghai, flowing in north to south or south-east direction. River water is an important source of irrigation. The district has a low 899 hectare forest cover, which is 0.02% of its geographical area.

2.1.2 Soil Bhadrak Districts

Three types of soils, viz. Alfisols, Aridisols and Entisols occur in the district. As per agro- climatic classification, the district falls under North Eastern Coastal plain. Alfisols: These include deltaic and older alluvial soils. The deltaic soils are found along the course of while the older alluvial soils occur in the extreme north-western part. The deltaic alluvial soils are generally deficient in phosphate (P2O5) and nitrogen (N). Both the total and available potassium (K2O) are fairly adequate and pH varies between 6.5 and 7.3. Aridisols: These are saline and saline alkali soils, occurring along the coastal area and are rich in calcium, magnesium and also consist of half decomposed organic matter. Entisols: These soils include coastal alluvial soils, which are deficient in nitrogen, phosphoric acid and humus, but not in potash and lime. The soil texture varies from loam to clayey loam. It is alkaline in nature and the most fertile soil in the area.

Balasore Districts

Four main types of soil groups (USDA Soil Classification System) can be observed in the Balasore District. These are Alfisols, Aridisols, Entisols and Ultisols.

East Medinipur District Major part of the district is covred by alluvial soil except a narrow belt along the sea coast in the extreme south where saline soil, saline alkali soil, non saline alkali soil and degraded alkali soils developed.

2.1.3 Hydro geology Bhadrak Districts

The district is underlain by unconsolidated formations belonging to Quaternary and Tertiary periods down to a depth varying from 165 m in the northwestern part to more than 600m in the eastern part along the coast line and are composed of sand, gravel, clay, laterites and lateritic gravel, silt, mud stone, shale, lime stones etc. The ground water occurs within the unconsolidated geological formations having primary porosity. Hence the hydrogeological unit of the district has been identified as porous formation. Sand and gravel horizons of porous formation form the main repository of ground water in the entire district. The laterites and lateritic gravels form aquifers, which are limited to

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shallow depth and restrict its occurrence in the northwestern part of the district. A considerable area, about 1300 sq km of the district in the east suffers from salinity problem, where occurrence of saline ground water at depths restricts the thickness of fresh ground water aquifers.

Balasore Districts

The geological formations in the district spans in age from Archean to Recent (Quaternary) .The Tertiary and Quaternary formations are covering major part of the district while Archeans occupy the hilly areas and the areas under higher altitude in the west. The crystalline are devoid of primary porosity but possess secondary porosity on being weathered and fractured. However, the unconsolidated sand and gravel layers of Tertiary and Quaternary age, form good repository of ground water. Ground water occurs under water table conditions in shallow aquifers and under semi confined to confined conditions in deeper aquifers. Hydrogeologically all the formations encountered in the district can be broadly divided into three sub groups viz. 1 ‐‐‐ Crystalline formations 2 Sedimentary formations and 3 Laterites. The crystalline formations are mainly constituted by granite gneisses (Nilgiri Granites) while the sedimentaries are constituted by younger and older alluvium and Tertiary formations.

East Medinipur District The Quaternary sediments is underlain by Tertiary sediments as mentioned earlier. A 30 – 50 m thick blancket of clay at the top is underlain by sand – clay sequence down to explored depth of 400m bgl. Ground water in the district occurs under semi-confined to confined condition in both the litho systems. In general the area is underlain by a single aquifer in each litho system, which splits up into multiple aquifers with the intervenning clay/ sandy clay layers. In Ouaternary sediments this single aquifer has been spilted up into two regionally extensive aquifers whereas in Tertiary sediments four such regionally extensive aquifers has come out from the single aquifer.

2.1.4 Seismic Details of the Area As per the seismic hazard map of India updated in 2 000 by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the region comes in Zone 2 and Zone 3. All the structures in the project are designed duly considering the seismic load.

2.1.5 Archaeological Sites/Places of Tourist Interest No archeological sites were present with in the Right of Way (ROW) of project highway.

2.1.6 Socio-Economic Environment

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Socio-economic characteristics of the project influence region would normally have a bearing on the present traffic and would further influence the traffic levels in the future. Given this, the socio-economic profile of the project influence area has been studied and presented in brief in the ensuing sections.

The demographic details of Project Influence Area (PIA) for Bhadrak, Balasore and East Medinipur districts are given in the Table -3.

Table 5: Demographic details of Project Influence districts

Sex ratio (Females / District Population Literacy rate (%) 1000 males)

Bhadrak 121,338 951 79.49

Balasore 2,320,529 957 79.79

East Medinipur 5,095,875 938 87.02

2.2 Climatic Conditions of the Region The study area is experiencing four meteorological seasons: winter (January to February), pre-monsoon season (March to May), south-west monsoon season (June to September) and north east monsoon season (October–December). The climate is equable but highly humid and sticky. The summer maximum temperature ranges between 35-40° C and the low temperatures are usually between 12-14° C. Average rainfall is 150 cm, experienced as the result of south west monsoon during July- September.

3.0 Scope of the Study The report contains the findings of the study to identify risks, identification of most likely risks, health and Environmental hazards/Impacts along the Right of Way (RoW) & possible natural and man made disasters happening in the project area and suggesting suitable remedial measures in all stages of the projecti.e. Design phase, Construction phase, and Operation phase and preparation of Disaster Management Plan.

The scope of the environmental report is given below:  Reconnaissance survey, environmental screening and categorization framework for the proposed project to include the environmental aspects from the planning stage of the project.  Review of National, state and local environmental regulatory requirements on environmental aspects, including necessary clearances from State and Central Government in the context of proposed expressway project.

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 Collecting secondary baseline data from relevant sources for various environmental attributes around the project site.  Conduct environmental analysis of alternatives for different project components and provide specific inputs to technical analysis of alternatives.  An environmental impact assessment for the proposed project to identify and quantify potential impacts of the project.  Impact prediction and assessment of key aspects of the project such as ambient air, noise, water etc., and assessment of other aspects of the project with sustainable mitigative measures.  Suggesting a typical environmental management plan with appropriate line estimates duly addressing the key environmental attributes.  Suggesting post project environmental studies to be carried-out. The objectives of the study are: i. Identify the hazards

ii. Decide areas of hazards in the project and how it shows impact.

iii. Evaluation of risks and decide on precautions

iv. Record of findings and its implementation

v. Assessment of hazards likely likely happening due to result from the proposed project and suggesting suitable mitigation measures.

vi. Preparation of Disaster Management Plan in order to support in the event of road accidents (major road mishaps, gas tanker explosions, fire hazards etc.) and natural calamities (floods, cyclones, earth quakes etc.).

4.0 Terms of Reference for EIA study 4.1 Study Area A detailed study of all the environmental features falling within the immediate corridor of impact, which has been considered as 500 m on both sides from center line of road. The other sensitive environmental issues such as protected areas notified under wildlife (protection) Act 1972, critically polluted areas as notified by Central Pollution Control Board, notified Eco-sensitive areas, interstate boundaries and international boundaries, water bodies of ecological significance etc., were identified within 15 km from the alignment. The detailed informations from the RoW as well as the area falling within 500 meters on the either side road were collected from primary sources and the other environmental features within 15 kms aerial distance as explained above were collected from secondary data sources. Rapid EIA studies will be carried out for the proposed project in accordance with the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and amendment thereof as well as MoEF EIA Guidance Manual, 2010.The Environmental

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Baseline data will be generated based on the EIA Guidance Manual, 2010. Environmental Baseline monitoring report will be prepared as per Standard ToR given in EIA guidance manual by MoEF and the same is enclosed in Appendix V. The details of the EIA study is given below. 4.2 Description of the Environment The baseline data on various environmental features will be collected from secondary and primary sources from field surveys and investigations in order to describe the environmental settings of the project area. The data on different environmental components along the project corridor will be collected by site reconnaissance survey in order to establish environmental condition of the project area. The study area covers 15 km either side of the project stretch. 4.3 Baseline Data Generation (a) Secondary Data Collection: Secondary data will be collected from secondary sources like publishes, literature from various government and private agencies, NGOs, or institutions on physical, biological and social components of environment. The data will be reviewed for establishing existing environmental and ecological status within the project area.

(b) Field Survey: Field survey carried out for the identification of the environmental sensitive zones within the study area and physical verification of all the identified sensitive zones with respect to the location of the project alignment and activities proposed. Field surveys are included with the measurement of environmental quality in terms of ambient air quality, water quality, soil quality, background noise level and ecology (Flora, fauna and roadside trees). Procedure for the measurement of environmental quality surveys carried out as per guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. Following details on different environmental features will be collected either from the secondary sources or from field surveys. (i) Physical Environment:  Topography: Topography, ground conditions, altitude, slope, etc.  Soil and Geology: Soil type and it characteristics, soil erosion and land slide problem, geology of the area.  Water Environment: An inventory survey of all water bodies located within 500 m on either side of the project road sections will be carried out. Details of rivers, streams, springs, lakes, reservoirs within 500 meters of the proposed road right of way will be collected from the site along with their usage and importance for the local population. Study of hydrology of the project road, natural drainage of the project region, existing drainage pattern of the project road, runoff flow

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direction, possible flooding, erosion were collected. Information on ground water table, ground water availability in the project area, exploitation of ground water was studied from the generated primary data.  Meteorological Data: Meteorological data covering maximum and minimum wind speed, wind direction, rain fall, relative humidity and temperature for last 30 years period will be collected from the nearest Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) station i.e station. History of special weather phenomenon like cyclones, cloud bursts, etc., will be collected from the nearest meteorological station for a period of 50 years. The wind velocity, wind direction and wind rose, rainfall, temperature and relative humidity along the proposed alignment are being recorded using a micro-meteorological station during the study period.  Environmental Quality: Baseline environmental quality data in terms of water, ambient air, noise levels and soil quality would be generated as follows: Ground & Surface Water Resources and Quality: Water samples from ground water and surface water resources along the project road alignment will be collected and analysed for the physico-chemical & biological parameters. Surface water samples will be collected from different water bodies/rivers/streams along the project stretch and ground water samples from most commonly used ground water sources along the project road. Surface water samples will be analysed for Temperature, pH, Turbidity, EC, Colour,TSS,TDS, Odour, DO, BOD, COD, TKN, Total Hardness, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Ammonia, Chloride, Sulphate, Phosphate, Nitrate, Fluoride, Surfactants, Dissolved Iron, Copper, Zinc, Manganese, Arsenic, Lead, Mercury, Boron, Chromium, Phenols, Cadmium, Total Coliform, Faecal Coliform etc., and ground water samples will be analysed for Temperature, pH, Turbidity, EC, Colour, TSS, TDS, Odour, DO, BOD, COD, TKN, Total Hardness, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Ammonia, Chloride, Sulphate, Phosphate, Nitrate, Fluoride, Surfactants, Dissolved Iron, Copper, Zinc, Manganese, Arsenic, lead, Mercury, Boron, Chromium, Phenol, Cadmium, Total Coliform, Faecal Coliform etc. Ambient Air Quality: Ambient air quality monitoring process will be carried out all along the project stretch covering different category of land use (residential, commercial/industrial, sensitive zones like schools, college and hospital) with a frequency of twice a week for one month. The ambient air quality monitoring are

being carried out for Particulate Matter (size less than 10 μm) or PM10, Particulate

Matter (size less than 2.5 μm) or PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide

(NO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) by following the MoEF guidelines. Noise Environment: The noise monitoring will be carried out along the project alignment covering sensitive locations such as residential, hospitals, schools,

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sanctuaries etc. The noise monitoring will be done for 24 hrs at each location. During nigh time and day time, equivalent noise levels will be generated for each monitoring locations to have an idea of noise pollution levels in the study area. Soil Quality: The soil samples of different area along the project stretch will be collected for assessing the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil in the project area. The quality parameters are pH, electrical conductivity, sand, silt, clay, texture, moisture retention capacity, infiltration rate, bulk density, porosity, organic matter, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous, Pb, iron and organic carbon. Existing Land Use Pattern: Land use pattern will be established along the project road classifying forest area, agriculture land, barren land, urban & rural settlements, water bodies, hills etc., along the project road. (ii) Biological Environment Flora and Fauna: Information on vegetation within the study areas will be collected from secondary source as well as through site investigation. The vegetation study includes forest area & road side plantation within the proposed RoW. List of flora and fauna within 10 km on either side of project road will also be collected. Ecological Sensitive Locations: Details of ecological sensitive locations, such as Wildlife Sanctuary, National Parks, Bio-Reserve etc., will be collected & studied within 10 km on either side of project road. Ecological Studies: Terrestrial and aquatic ecological studies will be conducted along & within the proposed RoW. Common trees, shrubs, other vegetation, common fauna, rare and endangered species are surveyed, identified and studied. The roadside trees within the proposed RoW will be surveyed for botanical & vernacular name of species, girth wise enumeration etc., (iii) Socio-Economic and Cultural Environment Socio-economic Details: Study of demographic details including population, schedule caste, schedule tribe, literacy, occupation pattern in the settlements along the project road, economic and social conditions, life styles, etc., along the project road and study of infrastructure facilities in the settlements along the project road. The social study comprising socio-economic survey along the project road and reflect the number and details of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) along the project road. Following data will be collected:  Details of the properties, houses, businesses etc.  Activities likely to be effected by land acquisition and annual financial loses.  Data covering the vulnerable groups or persons including women, children, elderly.  People below the poverty line, indigenous people and people in notified

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settlements  Data on diseases in the locality and existing health care facilities  Data on demography including traditional skills and sources of livelihood along the proposed site.

Places of Tourist, Historic, Archaeological and Religious Interests: Places of tourist interest, historical, archaeological and places of religious interests (if any) will be identified along the project road in the immediate vicinity and also within study area (15 km on either side of the project road). Common Resources: An inventory of common community resources such as educational institutions, health centres, recreation centres, courts, libraries, community centres, public toilets, religious and cultural features etc., situated along the project corridor are prepared. 4.4 Analysis of Alternatives to the Project Road In-depth study of related maps, topographic sheets, physical inspection and environmental and social screening will be carried out in order to find out the technically and environmentally sound, most feasible and environmental friendly alignment. Alternatives are considered for the analysis of “without” and “with” project situations and components. The selected alternatives will be compared in terms of their potential social & environmental impacts, capital & recurrent costs, suitability under local conditions, institutional training and monitoring requirements. For each alternative, environmental costs and benefits will be quantified and criteria for the selection of alternative will be stated. Analysis of alternative includes alignment selection, finalization of bypasses, road widening to reduce the cutting of tree, minimizing the demolition of structures, grade separators, services roads, vehicular, pedestrian and cattle underpass, quarry materials, road safety, etc. 4.5 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures The environmental impact assessment will be conducted in accordance with the requirement of the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) norms and guidelines. The collected primary and secondary data are compiled and analyzed to establish a comprehensive database and assess the existing baseline environmental condition. After establishing the baseline status of the study corridor and analysis of the project proposals and activities, the potential impacts on environmental components would be identified for pre-construction, construction and operational stages of the project. On the basis of the existing baseline environmental condition within the project area and the nature and extent of activities envisaged in construction/operation phase, the impacts would be identified and assessed for “Without and With Project Scenario” during construction and operation phases of the project. Wherever practicable, a quantitative

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analysis will be performed for the impacts by using appropriate modeling method. All potential direct and indirect influence due tothe proposed project will also addressed. The scope of work not confined only to alignment but the impacts due to the associated construction activities assessed. The following aspects are given due importance during assessment of impacts and recommending remedial measures:  Alignment of the project road and topographical changes.  Roadside drainage to avoid water logging, erosion & environmental degradation.  Impact on soil along the project road.  Impact of solid waste generated and solid waste management plan.  Impact on borrow area and quarries.  Impact on road safety.  Impact on ambient air quality due to air pollution during construction activities and vehicle movement. Prediction of ambient air quality due to projected vehicular traffic would be carried out using computer based CALRoads View software (CAL3QHCR).  Impact of noise level during construction activities and vehicle movement. Prediction of noise levels would be carried using Federal Highways Noise Administration (FHWA) model during operation phase.  Assessment of impacts of road construction on ground and surface water sources in the study area.  Impact of solid waste generated during construction phase of the project.  Nature, quantity and disposal of construction spoils, wastes and waste water.  Impacts of flora and fauna and ecological resources due to construction and operation of the project.  Public health & sanitation, and occupational health & safety of construction workers.  Impact on safety of local people during construction and operation phases.  Population affected and socio-economic impacts.

4.6 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure Public consultations will be conducted in the affected areas along the project road. The issues discussed during public consultation will be incorporated in the design framework, environmental management and mitigation plan. 4.7 Environmental Monitoring Programme Environmental monitoring plan for construction and post construction phases of the project road will be formulated to ensure effectiveness of implemented environmental mitigation measures. Cost of Environmental Monitoring Plan for construction and post construction phase of the project will be given in EIA/EMP report.

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4.8 Environment Management Plan After detailed analysis of all the environmental impacts and issues, a proper and adequate Environmental Management Plan (EMP) will be prepared with the aim to avoid, mitigate or eliminate the adverse impacts due to the project. This will cover roles and responsibilities for mitigation operations, emergency response procedures & supervision, financing, monitoring and reporting. EMP also includes the prospects of environmental enhancement within the project area. EMP will envisage the plans for the proper implementation of mitigation measures to reduce the adverse environmental impacts due to project activities during construction and operation phase. The following issues are addressed in the EMP:  Preventive, mitigation, compensatory & enhancement measures for minimization & abatement of the undesirable impacts caused during the construction and operation stage.  Details of management plans (compensatory plantation, solid waste management plan, borrow area management plan, occupational safety and health plan) including their implementation schedule and supervision programme.  Identified/recommended institutional set up for implementation of the EMP including institutional requirements, staffing and training.  Environmental monitoring programme during construction and operation phase including performance indicators, monitoring mechanisms, implementation programme and cost.  Resettlement action plan for affected families as per NHAI Policy and NRRP 2007.  Environmental Management Budget considering the environmental aspects for the project.

4.9 Structure of EIA Report EIA report is followed the structure as per EIA Notification, 2006 and consists of the following Chapters:  Introduction  Project Description  Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)  Description of the Environment  Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures  Public Consultation  Resettlement and Rehabilitation Plan  Project Benefits  Environmental Monitoring Program and Environmental Management Plan  Summary & Conclusion

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