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S A R A H M I L L E R T E C H Name: ______Date: ______Nationalism & India’s Independence

There were many factors that led to the sense of nationalism in India. Nationalism is the concept that people should be loyal and respectful to those with whom they share a common heritage or territory. The people of India used nationalism to help gain their independence in the 1940s. The British ruled over India from 1858-1947. This was called the British Raj. There were many issues associated with British control of India that the people did not like. One of the main issues was that Indians faced discrimination and unfair treatment. The best British Raj Flag jobs and positions were given to the British people. The Indians commonly believed that their social and economic rights were being controlled by the British. This created a lack of trust between India and Britain. The Indians were concerned about their rights under British control, so they formed the Indian By Barryob - based on Canadian Red Ensign.svg: and Star-of-India-silver-centre.svg:, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3111151 National Congress. The Indian National Congress was formed to allow India citizens a voice in political, economic, and social interests. Nationalism began in the 1800s and strengthened more in the 1900s. The Indians wanted to show the rest of the world how unfair and unjust the British control was on the Indians. The Amritsar massacre was a mass slaughter of over 400 Indians that the British participated in.

Gandhi in Peace March in 1930s As a result, a Hindu man named Mohandas Gandhi stepped up to fight back against the British. He focused on nonviolent protests across the nation to demonstrate the situation of Indians to the rest of the world. He used nonviolent strategies, such as boycotts and hunger strikes. Eventually, Britain began to lose control of India and gave India independence in 1947. The people of India came together with a sense of nationalism. This sense of nationalism brought them together as one against the British Raj. Gandhi led the Indian people by using passive resistance, which eventually led to India’s independence.

Supporting Detail #1 Supporting Detail #2

Directions: Add details from the text to fill in the charts. 2 Reasons Indians were unhappy during British Rule

2 Facts about Mohandas Gandhi

1. _____ the unjust treatment of people a. Nationalism 2. _____ a nonviolent Hindu protester b. Gandhi 3. _____ a political group that allowed Indians to have a voice c. British Raj 4._____ the concept that people should be loyal to those whom they share heritage or territory d. Indian National Congress

5. _____ the time during which India was under British control e. discrimination

Directions: Circle the best answer choice based on the passage. 1. Which nation ruled over India between 1858 and 1947? a. Germany b. United States c. Britain d. Japan

2. How were the citizens of India treated by Britain? a. With respect b. With discrimination c. With equality d. With fair treatment

3. There was a lack of trust in between India and Britain during the time in which India was ruled by Britain. a. True b. False

4. Which is the best description of the Amritsar? a. A slaughter of 400 Indians b. A slaughter of 12 British c. A bombing raid from WWII d. India’s new government after its independence

5. Which strategy was LEAST LIKELY used by Gandhi? a. Nonviolent b. Hunger strikes c. Guerilla warfare d. Boycotts

© Sarah Miller Tech 3 Name: ______Date: ______NationalismKEY & India’s Independence Directions: Fill in the graphic organizer based on the passage. Main Idea: Answers will vary. Nationalism led to independence in India.

Supporting Detail #1 Supporting Detail #2

The Indians commonly believed This sense of nationalism that their social and economic brought them together as one rights were being controlled against the British Raj by the British

Directions: Add details from the text to fill in the charts. 2 Reasons Indians were unhappy during British Rule

1. Indians faced discrimination 2. Indians faced unfair treatment

2 Facts about Mohandas Gandhi 1. Hindu 2. Peaceful protests against the British rule

1. _____e the unjust treatment of people a. Nationalism 2. _____b a nonviolent Hindu protester b. Gandhi 3. _____ a political group that allowed Indians to have a voice d c. British Raj 4._____a the concept that people should be loyal to those whom they share heritage or territory d. Indian National Congress 5. _____c the time during which India was under British control e. discrimination

Directions: Circle the best answer choice based on the passage. 1. Which nation ruled over India between 1858 and 1947? a. Germany b. United States c. Britain d. Japan

2. How were the citizens of India treated by Britain? a. With respect b. With discrimination c. With equality d. With fair treatment

3. There was a lack of trust in between India and Britain during the time in which India was ruled by Britain. a. True b. False

4. Which is the best description of the Amritsar? a. A slaughter of 400 Indians b. A slaughter of 12 British c. A bombing raid from WWII d. India’s new government after its independence

5. Which strategy was LEAST LIKELY used by Gandhi? a. Nonviolent b. Hunger strikes c. Guerilla warfare d. Boycotts

T H A N K Y O U F O R Y O U R S U P P O R T !

Y O U M A Y Y O U M A Y N O T

Use this resource for Give this resource to personal/student use in the classroom friends/colleagues outside your building

Share this resource with your grade Post this resource on a website for a level, content team within your free download (personal, school, or building district.

Post this resource "in-action" on Post this resource for sale or for free. social media giving credit to Sarah Miller Tech C R E D I T S

All other images were found under the Creative Commons (CC) or licensed under Public Domain.

S A R A H M I L L E R T E C H Name: ______Date: ______Mohandas Gandhi Mohandas Gandhi created peaceful movements in India to stand up against British control in the 1930s and 1940s. He was an advocate for nonviolent protests. Nonviolent means they used boycott protests, hunger strikes, and other disobedience, instead of violent weapons and warfare. Gandhi was responsible for leading the effort against the British Raj and did so only in peaceful, nonviolent ways. The nonviolent protests were also very empowering to citizens across India. This means that citizens felt as though they had authority or power to do something. Anyone was able to participate in these in

nonviolent protests or civil disobedience, regardless of income. Mohandas Gandhi However, Britain became violent against some of the peaceful protesters at times. The Salt March is one way citizens protested against Britain. Britain’s Salt Act of 1882 disallowed Indian citizens to collect or sell salt. This law required Indians to only purchase salt from the British, but the British placed a heavy tax on the salt. This made it nearly impossible for Indians to have access to salt, which was a staple in their diet. The protest involved Indian citizens illegally making their own salt from seawater.

By Elliott & Fry (see [1]) - http://philogalichet.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Gandhi_Photo- This civil disobedience took over India. Nearly 60,000 Indians were Alamy.jpg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=76882768

arrested by the British, including Gandhi. Although these disobedient citizens were breaking the law, they were peacefully protesting. The British responded in violent ways, which was not well-received by the Gandhi in Salt March in 1930s rest of the world. This violence and other violent incidents by the British got worldwide attention. The rest of the world, including some British citizens, was not happy about this violence against peaceful protesters. Britain was no longer able to control India. Britain eventually gave up and gave India independence in 1947. Gandhi played a major role in helping India gain its independence through his nonviolent protests. He was able to create conflict that resulted in change without using violence. This was well respected throughout the world.