Unit-6 11EM Basic Ubuntu Linux Command
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Introduction to Unix
Introduction to Unix Rob Funk <[email protected]> University Technology Services Workstation Support http://wks.uts.ohio-state.edu/ University Technology Services Course Objectives • basic background in Unix structure • knowledge of getting started • directory navigation and control • file maintenance and display commands • shells • Unix features • text processing University Technology Services Course Objectives Useful commands • working with files • system resources • printing • vi editor University Technology Services In the Introduction to UNIX document 3 • shell programming • Unix command summary tables • short Unix bibliography (also see web site) We will not, however, be covering these topics in the lecture. Numbers on slides indicate page number in book. University Technology Services History of Unix 7–8 1960s multics project (MIT, GE, AT&T) 1970s AT&T Bell Labs 1970s/80s UC Berkeley 1980s DOS imitated many Unix ideas Commercial Unix fragmentation GNU Project 1990s Linux now Unix is widespread and available from many sources, both free and commercial University Technology Services Unix Systems 7–8 SunOS/Solaris Sun Microsystems Digital Unix (Tru64) Digital/Compaq HP-UX Hewlett Packard Irix SGI UNICOS Cray NetBSD, FreeBSD UC Berkeley / the Net Linux Linus Torvalds / the Net University Technology Services Unix Philosophy • Multiuser / Multitasking • Toolbox approach • Flexibility / Freedom • Conciseness • Everything is a file • File system has places, processes have life • Designed by programmers for programmers University Technology Services -
Shell Script & Advance Features of Shell Programming
Kirti Kaushik et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.4 Issue.4, April- 2015, pg. 458-462 Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing A Monthly Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology ISSN 2320–088X IJCSMC, Vol. 4, Issue. 4, April 2015, pg.458 – 462 RESEARCH ARTICLE Shell Script & Advance Features of Shell Programming Kirti Kaushik* Roll No.15903, CS, Department of Computer science, Dronacharya College of Engineering, Gurgaon-123506, India Email: [email protected] Jyoti Yadav Roll No. 15040, CS, Department of Applied Computer science, Dronacharya College of Engineering, Gurgaon-123506, India Email: [email protected] Kriti Bhatia Roll No. 15048, CS, Department of Applied Computer science, Dronacharya College of Engineering, Gurgaon-123506, India Email: [email protected] Abstract-- In this research paper, the idea of shell scripting and writing computer programs is examined and different parts of shell programming are likewise contemplated. A shell script is a PC system intended to be controlled by the UNIX shell which is a charge line translator. The different tongues of shell scripts are thought to be scripting dialects. Regular operations performed by shell scripts incorporate document control, program execution, and printing content. A shell script can give an advantageous variety ofa framework order where unique environment settings, charge alternatives, or post-transforming apply naturally, yet in a manner that permits the new script to still go about as a completely typical UNIX summon. The real ideas like Programming in the Borne and C-shell, in which it would be clarified that how shell programming could be possible in Borne and C-shell. -
Dell EMC Powerstore CLI Guide
Dell EMC PowerStore CLI Guide May 2020 Rev. A01 Notes, cautions, and warnings NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product. CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem. WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death. © 2020 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners. Contents Additional Resources.......................................................................................................................4 Chapter 1: Introduction................................................................................................................... 5 Overview.................................................................................................................................................................................5 Use PowerStore CLI in scripts.......................................................................................................................................5 Set up the PowerStore CLI client........................................................................................................................................5 Install the PowerStore CLI client.................................................................................................................................. -
Shells and Shell Scripting
Shells and Shell scripting What is a Shell? • A shell is a command line interpreter that is the interface between the user and the OS. • A “program launcher” of sorts. • The shell: o analyzes each command o determines what actions are to be performed o performs the actions • Example: wc –l file1 > file2 Which shell? • sh – Bourne shell o Most common, other shells are a superset o Good for programming • csh or tcsh – default for command line on CDF o C-like syntax o Best for interactive use. Not good for programming. • bash – default on Linux (Bourne again shell) o Based on sh, with some csh features. • korn – written by David Korn o Based on sh – Some claim best for programming. o Commercial product. Common shell facilities Shell startup When a shell is invoked, it does the following: 1. Read a special startup file (usually in home directory) 2. display prompt and wait for command 3. Ctrl-D on its own line terminates shell, otherwise, goto step 2. Shell startup files used to set shell options, set up environment variables, alias sh – executes .profile if it’s there. ksh – executes .profile if in interactive mode. Executes $ENV (usually $HOME/.kshrc) csh – executes .cshrc if it exists. If a login shell, executes .login bash – executes .bashrc, if a login shell, executes .bash_profile instead Executables vs. built-in commands Most commands you run are other compiled programs. Found in /bin Example: ls – shell locates ls binary in /bin directory and launches it Some are not compiled programs, but built into the shell: cd, echo Input-output redirection prog < infile > outfile ls > outfile 2>&1 # sh stdout and stderr Pipelining commands send the output from one command to the input of the next: ls -l | wc ps –aux | grep reid | sort Before a program is executed, the shell recognizes the special characters such as <, >, |, and rewires the standard input, output, or error file descriptors of the program about to be executed to point to the right files (or the standard input of another program). -
LS JK BUILDER KIT 2007-2011 Jeep Wrangler JK Installation Guide
LS JK BUILDER KIT 2007-2011 Jeep Wrangler JK Installation Guide Install Guide © Table of contents: Preface………………………………………………………………… ………………….….….…3 Part 1 Power options…………………………………………………………………….….…..…4 Part 2 The LS JK…………………………………………………………………………….….….6 Part 3 LS engines…………………………………………………………………………….….…7 Part 4 Operating systems………………………………………………………………………..10 Part 5 Gen IV LS engine features……………………………………………………………….11 Part 6 Transmissions……………………………………………………………………………..12 Part 7 Transfer cases……………………………………………………………………………..13 Part 8 MoTech basic builder kit contents……………………………………………………….14 Part 9 MoTech basic builder kit photo ID table…………………………………………………18 Part 10 MoTech Basic Kit Installation Overview and Shop Tools Required………………...20 Part 11 Prepping the vehicle………………………………………………………………..……21 Part 12 Removing the body……………………………………………………………………....21 Part 13 Prepping the chassis…………………………………………………………………..…28 Part 14 Installing the powertrain………………………………………………………………….31 Part 15 Accessory drive………………………………………………… ………………………36 Part 16 Wiring the LS JK…………………………………………………………………………..39 Appendix ……………………………………………………………………………………………52 Pentstar fan installation……………………………………………………………………52 Wiring diagrams…………………………………………………………………………….53 241J Input gear installation………………………………………………………………..56 Manual to automatic conversion……………………………………………………….….81 Torque specification GM and Jeep……………………………………………………….83 Radiator hose guide…………………………………………………………………...…...86 LS JK master part list…………………………………………………………………........87 2 Install Guide © Preface: The Wrangler -
GNU M4, Version 1.4.7 a Powerful Macro Processor Edition 1.4.7, 23 September 2006
GNU M4, version 1.4.7 A powerful macro processor Edition 1.4.7, 23 September 2006 by Ren´eSeindal This manual is for GNU M4 (version 1.4.7, 23 September 2006), a package containing an implementation of the m4 macro language. Copyright c 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License.” i Table of Contents 1 Introduction and preliminaries ................ 3 1.1 Introduction to m4 ............................................. 3 1.2 Historical references ............................................ 3 1.3 Invoking m4 .................................................... 4 1.4 Problems and bugs ............................................. 8 1.5 Using this manual .............................................. 8 2 Lexical and syntactic conventions ............ 11 2.1 Macro names ................................................. 11 2.2 Quoting input to m4........................................... 11 2.3 Comments in m4 input ........................................ 11 2.4 Other kinds of input tokens ................................... 12 2.5 How m4 copies input to output ................................ 12 3 How to invoke macros........................ -
GNU M4, Version 1.4.19 a Powerful Macro Processor Edition 1.4.19, 28 May 2021
GNU M4, version 1.4.19 A powerful macro processor Edition 1.4.19, 28 May 2021 by Ren´eSeindal, Fran¸coisPinard, Gary V. Vaughan, and Eric Blake ([email protected]) This manual (28 May 2021) is for GNU M4 (version 1.4.19), a package containing an implementation of the m4 macro language. Copyright c 1989{1994, 2004{2014, 2016{2017, 2020{2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled \GNU Free Documentation License." i Table of Contents 1 Introduction and preliminaries ::::::::::::::::: 3 1.1 Introduction to m4 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 1.2 Historical references :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 1.3 Problems and bugs ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4 1.4 Using this manual :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 2 Invoking m4::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 2.1 Command line options for operation modes ::::::::::::::::::::: 7 2.2 Command line options for preprocessor features ::::::::::::::::: 8 2.3 Command line options for limits control ::::::::::::::::::::::: 10 2.4 Command line options for frozen state ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 2.5 Command line options for debugging :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 2.6 Specifying input files on the command line ::::::::::::::::::::: -
DAA Protocol
Analysis of Direct Anonymous Attestation using Murphi Ilya Pirkin, Sudip Regmi CS 259 Project Report. March 14, 2008 1. Introduction In this project, we modeled and analyzed the security properties of the Direct Anonymous Protocol [1] using Murphi. We simplified the protocol model using security primitives which we considered unbreakable and modeled our abstractions in Murphi. Running simulations in Murphi, we were able to confirm several known attacks in the protocol explained in [2] and [3]. In addition, the model uncovered an issue with cross-site verifications that we will discuss below. 2. Protocol Overview and Murphi model Diagram 1 below shows a simple outline of the DAA protocol. As shown, there are three major agents: the Issuer, Platforms (each consists of the Host and TPM), and Verifiers. The final goal of the DAA protocol is to provide a way for the verifiers to ensure the authenticity of the platforms without revealing their identity. A platform is considered authentic if it contains an authentic TPM inside and has been correctly authenticated and authorized by the Issuer. The protocol has two phases: join and sign/verify. The goal of the join protocol is to set up the platform so it can prove its authenticity to verifiers. The join protocol is initiated by the platform. During the join protocol, platforms choose and commit to a secret value f, authenticate themselves to the Issuer (using its Endorsement Key EK ). The Issuer then generates a DAA Certificate from the platforms commitment to f and Issuer’s short-term key PKI. The platform stores its DAA Certificate internally. -
An Overview of the Scala Programming Language
An Overview of the Scala Programming Language Second Edition Martin Odersky, Philippe Altherr, Vincent Cremet, Iulian Dragos Gilles Dubochet, Burak Emir, Sean McDirmid, Stéphane Micheloud, Nikolay Mihaylov, Michel Schinz, Erik Stenman, Lex Spoon, Matthias Zenger École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Technical Report LAMP-REPORT-2006-001 Abstract guage for component software needs to be scalable in the sense that the same concepts can describe small as well as Scala fuses object-oriented and functional programming in large parts. Therefore, we concentrate on mechanisms for a statically typed programming language. It is aimed at the abstraction, composition, and decomposition rather than construction of components and component systems. This adding a large set of primitives which might be useful for paper gives an overview of the Scala language for readers components at some level of scale, but not at other lev- who are familar with programming methods and program- els. Second, we postulate that scalable support for compo- ming language design. nents can be provided by a programming language which unies and generalizes object-oriented and functional pro- gramming. For statically typed languages, of which Scala 1 Introduction is an instance, these two paradigms were up to now largely separate. True component systems have been an elusive goal of the To validate our hypotheses, Scala needs to be applied software industry. Ideally, software should be assembled in the design of components and component systems. Only from libraries of pre-written components, just as hardware is serious application by a user community can tell whether the assembled from pre-fabricated chips. -
Introduction to Shell Programming Using Bash Part I
Introduction to shell programming using bash Part I Deniz Savas and Michael Griffiths 2005-2011 Corporate Information and Computing Services The University of Sheffield Email [email protected] [email protected] Presentation Outline • Introduction • Why use shell programs • Basics of shell programming • Using variables and parameters • User Input during shell script execution • Arithmetical operations on shell variables • Aliases • Debugging shell scripts • References Introduction • What is ‘shell’ ? • Why write shell programs? • Types of shell What is ‘shell’ ? • Provides an Interface to the UNIX Operating System • It is a command interpreter – Built on top of the kernel – Enables users to run services provided by the UNIX OS • In its simplest form a series of commands in a file is a shell program that saves having to retype commands to perform common tasks. • Shell provides a secure interface between the user and the ‘kernel’ of the operating system. Why write shell programs? • Run tasks customised for different systems. Variety of environment variables such as the operating system version and type can be detected within a script and necessary action taken to enable correct operation of a program. • Create the primary user interface for a variety of programming tasks. For example- to start up a package with a selection of options. • Write programs for controlling the routinely performed jobs run on a system. For example- to take backups when the system is idle. • Write job scripts for submission to a job-scheduler such as the sun- grid-engine. For example- to run your own programs in batch mode. Types of Unix shells • sh Bourne Shell (Original Shell) (Steven Bourne of AT&T) • csh C-Shell (C-like Syntax)(Bill Joy of Univ. -
1 PWD-I-1. Please Explain in Detail How the Average TAP Benefit
BEFORE THE PHILADELPHIA WATER, SEWER AND STORM WATER RATE BOARD In the Matter of the Philadelphia Water Department’s Proposed Change in Water, Wastewater and Stormwater Fiscal Years 2019-2021 Rates and Related Charges RESPONSE OF PUBLIC ADVOCATE TO PHILADELPHIA WATER DEPARTMENT’S INTERROGATORIES AND REQUESTS FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS (SET I) PWD-I-1. Please explain in detail how the Average TAP Benefit amount is to be determined for each rate period, and the sources of the information that you propose should be used for determining the Average TAP Benefit. Response: The “Average TAP Benefit,” the term used in this question, is not an input into the TAP Rider expected to be proposed by the Public Advocate in this proceeding, nor is it an input in the draft TAP Rider previously provided to the Department on February 2, 2018. The February 2, 2018 draft TAP Rider as provided to the Department by the Public Advocate states the calculation of the TAP benefits, defined in the draft rider as Reconcilable TAP Costs, to be as follows: The sum of the monthly difference between the sum of the current water charges, sewer charges, stormwater charges and customer charges that would have been charged to TAP participants had they been billed at standard residential rates and the bills that are charged to TAP customers given the TAP discount (sometimes referred to as the TAP revenue shortfalls) for all TAP participants, which difference is calculated net of a Low-Income Embedded Lost Revenue Adjustment of 12.3% for the Rate Period. In the event ongoing settlement discussions concerning an appropriate TAP Rider are unsuccessful, the TAP Rider which the Public Advocate will propose in this proceeding will be filed with its Direct Testimony pursuant to the procedural schedule for this proceeding ordered by the Hearing Examiner. -
Unix Shell Programming – by Dinesh Kumar S
1 Unix Shell Programming – by Dinesh Kumar S PDF by http://www.k2pdf.com Contents Chapters Topic Page no. Chapter 1 Introduction 3 Chapter 2 SSH Client 4 Chapter 3 Unix Shells 8 Chapter 4 Text Editors 11 Chapter 5 A Beginning to Shell Scripting 19 Chapter 6 Operators 33 Chapter 7 Variables Manipulation (Advance) 39 Chapter 8 Conditional Statements 43 Chapter 9 Looping Statements 47 Chapter 10 Control Statements 74 Chapter 11 Functions 79 2 Unix Shell Programming – by Dinesh Kumar S Chapter 1 Introduction Linux : It is an operating system based on UNIX . Kernel : It is the backbone of Linux OS, which is used to manage resources of Linux OS like memory, I/O, software, hardware management processes. User Shell Script Kernel PC h/w User writes script. Script contains instructions. Kernel interprets the instruction in machine language. As per the instruction kernel controls the PC hardware. Shell script : It’s a collection of OS commands or instructions. Advantages of Shell Script : Script is always a platform independent. Performance will be faster than programming languages. Very easy to debug. 3 Unix Shell Programming – by Dinesh Kumar S Chapter 2 SSH Client Secure Shell (or) SSH is a network protocol that is used to exchange or share information between two different networks. This is used on Linux & UNIX systems to access SHELL accounts. All the information exchanged/transmitted between networks is encrypted . It uses public key cryptography to authenticate remote computer user. Free Serial, Telnet, and SSH client Putty Tera Term Putty : It is a terminal emulator application which acts as client for SSH, Telnet, rLogin.