GI Histology 2 Esophagus
• The student should know the following:
• 1. the esophagus structure • 2. it’s function • 3. lining of the esophagus • esophageal glands
• 1. esophageal glands proper • 2. esophageal cardiac glands • 3. their location • 4. types of secretions Stomach
• Histology:
1. Parts of the stomach. 2. main functions of the stomach 3. stomach’s regions Mucosa
1. The gastric mucosa (type of epithelium) 2. gastric glands are branched, tubular glands (cardiac, gastric, and pyloric) characteristic of gland and pits in each region of the stomach. 3. The lamina propria of the stomach 4. the muscularis mucosae. Cardia
• 1. what is the cardia • 2. It’s mucosa • 3. it’s cells types • 3. it’s glands • 4. types of secretions Fundus & Body
• Histological characters of this region:
• 1. The lamina propria of the fundus and body • 2. the gastric gland three distinct regions: • A. the isthmus • B. neck • C. base • 3. The distribution of epithelial cells in gastric glands Stem Cells
• 1. characteristics of stem cells • 2. regions of stem cells Mucous Neck Cells
1. Characteristics of Mucous neck cells 2. Sights of mucous neck cells 3. Its secretion Oxyntic (Parietal) Cells
• 1. characteristics of Parietal cells • 2. sights of parietal cells • 3. The secretory activity of parietal cells mechanisms. Chief (Zymogenic) Cells
• 1. characteristics of Chief cells • 2. the region of chief cells • 3. enzymal production of chief cells Enteroendocrine Cells
• 1. characteristics of enteroendocrine cells • 2. region of enteroendocrine cells • 3. secretory products and function Pylorus
• Histology of the pyloric region:
• 1. pyloric glands • 2. comparing glands in the cardiac region • 3. secretion of the glands • 4. pyloric pits • 5. pyloric sphincter Other layers
• 1. The submucosa. • 2. The muscularis externa three layers • 3. serosa Small Intestine • The student should know the following:
• 1. small intestine parts • 2. small intestine function • 3. histology of each part of the small intestine Mucous Membrane
• 1. type of epithelium • 2. mucosa • 3. submucosa • 4. serosa or adventetia • 5. Intestinal villi in the dudenum, jujenum and ilium • 1. intestinal glands (also called crypts), or glands of Lieberkühn
• 2. types of cells, their characteristics and their function.
Absorptive cells or enterocytes Structure of the villi Goblet cells Paneth's cells
• Characters of paneth cell M (microfold) cells
• Characters and function of microfold cell • The student should know the following:
1. The lamina propria of the small intestine 2. intestinal villi 3. Function of intestinal villi Duodenum
• 1. duodenal (or Brunner's) glands • 2. their product of secretion • 3. their function • 1. Peyer's patches characterstics (common in ilium) • 2. function Vessels & Nerves
• 1. The blood vessels that nourish the intestines • 2. (lacteals), their sights and function • The student should know the following:
• 1. the source of the rhythmic movement of the villi • 2. its function • 1. The innervation of the intestines • a. intrinsic component myenteric (Auerbach's) nerve plexus • B. extrinsic component submucosal (Meissner's) plexus