Christian Faith 56

Christian Faith Key Stage 1

Key Question 1: Why are these words special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Show awareness of the Bible • Hear some stories of Jesus’ • Retell or dramatise a story as a special book for life, and some stories Jesus from Jesus’ life eg Jesus’ Christians told. Talk about what they birth - Learn to name Jesus mean and why they are and some other key special figures in Christianity • Hear and respond to stories • Look at Old Testament • Retell or dramatise a story about God from the Christian stories which explore the ides which shows how God cares Bible that God created, cares for for and loves people and loves people: eg creation, the baby Moses, Samuel

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links

• Interpretation • English • Reflection • Drama • Appreciation and wonder • PSHE • Understanding of a different faith • Art • P4C • SMSC

Websites and Publications

• Useful Christian websites (KS1, 2 and 3) please see page 76 • Useful Christian publications (KS1, 2 and 3) please see page 87 • Acronyms used within this section – please see page 76

Barnsley Local Agreed Syllabus © BMBC 2020

Christian Faith 57

Christian Faith Key Stage 1 Key Question 2: Why are some places special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Show an awareness that some • Talk about special places which • Bring in photographs or draw places are special including some they visit with their family, and their own special places and places that are special to them special places where they go to draw their own face in this place, be alone eg to think or to find conveying the emotions they feel peace and quiet. there. Talk about why these Suggest why these places are places are special eg feelings special , talk about what these and memories connected with places mean to them them and what happens there • Create a display of special places • Recognise that some places are • Recognise what a Christian place • Watch a video about a church special for Christians including of worship looks like inside and and its activities or visit a church church, chapel … out and how this reflects that it is and interview a vicar, minister, a Christian place of worship church worker or other Christian - visit a church’s interactive web-site • Show an awareness that a • Ask questions about what takes • Visit a church/Christian place of church/Christian place of place inside a church and other worship, and find a quiet place to worship is used for gathering, Christian places of worship be still in. Write feelings poems worshipping and celebrating • Respond sensitively to or senses poems about the together including during festivals expectations about how to behave experience in a place of worship eg quietly, • Link with Key Question 4 with respect, with reverence if ‘Special Times’ appropriate • Show an awareness of some • Identify special features that may • Experience relaxation and special items, furniture used in be found in a Christian place of reflection techniques using churches/other Christian places worship eg Altar, Pulpit, Chalice, candles, Christian music, of worship stained-glass windows, spire and incense suggest meanings for some of - Look at special items found in these features a Christian place of worship and ask questions about how they are used - Draw a special object, found in a Christian place of worship and suggest its meaning for Christians • Make models of Christian places of worship and draw and name the key features - Look at pictures of different Christian places of worship and focus on their shape, patterns, interior and exterior. Ask questions about what makes each building recognisable as a Christian place of worship

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Evaluation • Art • Listening • English • Reflection • PSHE • Investigation • ICT • Understanding of a different faith • History • P4C • Geography

Barnsley Local Agreed Syllabus © BMBC 2020

Christian Faith 58

Christian Faith Key Stage 1 Key Question 3: How can faith contribute to Community Cohesion?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Show awareness of how the • Suggest meaning in stories about • Explore a story about Jesus teachings of Jesus influence the Jesus which show him helping which shows him helping and ways in which Christians live and and caring for others caring for others eg - the look for evidence of Christianity in • identify features in their local healing of Jairus’ daughter (Mark the local community eg environment which show a 5:21-43) churches, charity shops, Christian presence or influence • Ask questions and respond graveyards, place names, history, sensitively to these stories war memorials with through: scripture/prayers - Songs and actions - Role play identifying and talking about characters’ actions • Mark local places of Christian worship on a map of the area - Go for a walk to find evidence of Christian faith eg war memorials, charity shops, places of Christian worship

• Identify some of the key Christian • Talk about key Christian values • Explore the life of a famous values which influence how eg Christian whose life has been Christians live their lives - Caring for and thinking influenced by *Jesus’ teaching, about others and recognise the values of this - Co-operating with others person - Loving and being loved - Forgiving and being forgiven - Telling the truth - Keeping promises - Being honest - Loving the sad and unpopular

• Begin to recognise that Christians • Think about Christian giving and • Use the internet to find out about express their faith through the people who help us the local and global work of a way they treat others, eg Christian charity eg Cafod; Traid engaging in charity work Craft; Christian Aid; Save the Children, Samaritan’s Purse (shoeboxes at Christmas) or Children’s Society (Christingle) • Invite local charity representatives to talk about their work and its Christian background

• Begin to recognise how • Choose songs and prayers that • Read some children’s prayers Christians worship God reflect your own feelings which are about saying thank you and saying sorry - Make up their own prayers for a Christian to use

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Christian Faith 59

Christian Faith Key Stage 1

Key Question 3 contd: How can faith contribute to Community Cohesion?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Identify some of the feelings • Identify some songs, which might • Create or choose music to associated with worship for be sung in Collective Worship or accompany a special event, and Christians, and recognise in a Christian place of Worship create dance or movement to go similar feelings of their own with it. Talk about how this feels and recognise that music in worship helps Christians to have certain feelings

• Identify rules and begin to • Talk about ways in which, as • Identify and record classroom recognise why we have them eg individuals and as a class, they codes of behaviour - At home care for each other, and - Identify promises they have - At school recognise and reflect on their own made and kept or broken - In our community actions and behaviour - Recognise times when they have felt let down and talk about what it might mean to forgive

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Interpretation • ICT • Research • PSHE • Evaluation • Geography • Understanding of a different faith • Drama • P4C • Music • British Values • English • Citizenship • SMSC

Barnsley Local Agreed Syllabus © BMBC 2020

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Christian Faith Key Stage 1

Key Question 4: Why are some times special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Recognise that some times of the • Identify the way in which some • Talk about their own special year are special to Christians festivals are celebrated eg times eg a holiday, a special - Christmas visit, and draw and write about - Easter these - Harvest - Learn about the stories behind special times for Christians. Express their meaning for Christians through eg - Art work - Role play and music - Making cards - Playing seasonal games - Making seasonal food

• Identify with some of the feelings • Identify and suggest the meaning • Find out about: Christians have at these times of some Christian festivals and - What happens in Christian through responding to their own family customs associated with places of worship at these experiences of special times these times times? - What happens in some families at these times?

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Reflection • Design and Technology • Interpretation • English • Understanding of a different faith • Drama • P4C • History • PSHE • Art • SMSC

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Christian Faith 61

Christian Faith Key Stage 1

Key Question 5: What can be learnt from the lives of significant people of faith?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Begin to recognise that Christians • Identify the people who are • Show photos or draw pictures of learn from special people at special to them eg people who: the people who are special to Christian places of worship eg a - Offer help and advice them, making a display vicar, priest or minister, youth - Can be turned to and relied on - Talk about why these people or children’s leaders, as well as - Teach by their own example are special eg remembering from friends and family, who are - Have authority something which has been also Christians These people could include family learned from them, and how members, teachers, friends, this is marked people met through hobbies or at a place of worship

• Recognise that some roles give • Show awareness of why these • Invite a special person such as a people an important place in a people are special and how this is headteacher or governor to talk group expressed and responded to about their role - Suggest why key people might - Look at pictures of important be important to Christians people in Christianity eg. - Priest - Bishop - The saint a local Church is named after - Talk about what these figures do and why they are important to Christians - Talk about how Christians show that these people are important

• Respond sensitively to the ways • Respond sensitively to different • Invite a local priest or minister or in which some people have ways in which this is expressed in vicar to bring and show special special roles and set an example Christianity eg special clothes for vestments or objects which mark to Christians about how they a priest or minister, listening to his or her role could live sermons, respectful behaviour, special titles

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Reflection • PSHE • Interpretation • English • Understanding of a different faith • Art • P4C • ICT • British Values • SMSC • Citizenship

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Christian Faith Key Stage 1

Key Question 6: How do I and others feel about life and the universe around us?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Respond sensitively to Christian • Recognise feelings of awe and • Look at photographs showing ideas about God as creator wonder at the natural world examples of natural beauty eg mountains, lakes, forests etc. Look at the picture on the internet taken by the Hubble telescope of events in outer space. Write creatively about the feelings these inspire - Go on a nature trail and find natural objects which interest or intrigue to talk about and display. - Talk about examples of people spoiling natural features of the world, and look at the work of an environmental agency eg Greenpeace

• Suggest what the Genesis • Suggest meanings from the • Watch a video of the Genesis creation stories might mean for Genesis creation stories creation stories and create Christians caring for the - Begin to recognise Christian drama or artwork based on it environment beliefs about God arising from - Talk about what creation these stories eg stories tell Christians about - God as creator God and about people and - God as caring for all living the world things - God as all-powerful

• Ask questions about the wonder • Begin to recognise key Christian • Invite a parent to bring their new of the natural world and about teaching arising from creation baby to meet the class. They what makes living things – stories eg could talk about what ‘the including themselves – special - Equality miracle of birth’ means to them - Responsibility for each other - Read a fictional book such as and the environment ‘You are Very Special’ by Su - The natural world as special Box and talk about its message: What makes ‘me special? What makes you special? - Explore a sense of self through writing 10 sentences starting ‘I am….’

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Reflection • Science • Interpretation • PSHE • Awe and wonder • English • P4C • Drama • Art • ICT • SMSC

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Christian Faith

Key Stages 1, 2 and 3

Useful websites

A Google search BBC Bitesize Christianity accesses the following websites:

• KS1 Religious Education – Christianity pictorial class clips (baptism, parables etc). • KS2 Religious Studies – Learner guides, class clips (What is Lent etc). • KS3 Religious Studies – Morals, ethics and philosophy, Science and religion etc. • GCSE Religious Studies – students can choose the exam specification that matches the one studied.

A Google search Facts for Kids Christianity accesses the following websites:

• Christianity facts for kids – kids.kiddle.co – includes basic facts (Worship, History, Types of Christianity etc). • Christianity for Kids – primary homework help.co.uk basic facts – (Who are Christians? What do Christians believe? What are the Christian symbols? etc). • Christian Facts – softschools.com – interesting Christian facts. • Christianity for KS1 and KS2 children – Christian facts, timeline etc.

Other useful websites include:

• True Tube (various Christian resources) www.truetube.co.uk • Christian Kids Top 100 Websites – variety of activities, games etc www.christiankidstop100.com • Barnabas in Schools – creative arts-based RE days, Collective Worship etc. Also teacher Inset sessions. www.barnabasinschools.org.uk • Christianity Primary Resources – Twinkl (account required) – Christianity teaching resources for KS1. www.twinkl.com/resources/home-key-stage-1-subjects/religion/christianity-religion

• RE Today (Various resources) www.shop.retoday.org.uk • Ignite – Barnsley-based Christian organisation working with schools (eg exploring the life path of James Hudson Taylor Y6 Transition) – KS2/3 and 4 www.ignitebarnsley.com

NB Websites above correct at time of publication

Acronyms used within this section:

ICT – Information and Communication Technology DT – Design Technology P4C – Philosophy for Children SMSC – Spiritual, Moral, Social and Cultural Development PSHE – Personal, Social and Health Education

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Christian Faith 64

Christian Faith Key Stage 2

Key Question 1: Why are these words special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Suggest how stories from the • Recognise that the Bible is a • Create timelines marking key Bible might be used by ‘library’ of books written at dates and events in the history of Christians to explain some of different times by different people, the Bible life’s questions and that some of the accounts in - Look at different it convey important Christian translations beliefs - Explore the role of monks and monasteries - Look at the impact of the first printing press - Talk about the Bible as a library - Talk about their own favourite books and stories and why these feel important - Look at artwork connected with the Bible eg ‘the Lindisfarne Gospels’, icons, Celtic decorative designs etc - Make their own decorated manuscript for a passage from the Bible, and design a front plate to incorporate symbols which give clues to its content . Describe where the Bible comes • Make links between the events • Watch a video or read some from and people which appear in the stories from the Bible, describe - Describe the impact of the Bible and consider the Christian their impact on Christian belief Bible on Christians view that it is a record of human eg faith and God’s intervention in - The story of Abraham and human history the concept of ‘covenant’ or agreement between God and people (Genesis 11- 25) - The story of Moses and the belief that God saves (book of Exodus) - The story of Jesus and the belief that God is loving like a parent (Gospels)

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Interpretation • Art • Enquiry • History • Understanding of a different faith • English • P4C

Websites and Publications • Useful Christian websites (KS1, 2 and 3) please see page 76 • Useful Christian publications (KS1, 2 and 3) please see page 87 • Acronyms used within this section – please see page 76

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Christian Faith Key Stage 2 Key Question 2: Why are some places special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Suggest why: • Make links between the internal • Make models of churches from - Some places are special and external features of different two different denominations, or - The Christian place of Christian places of worship in draw a ground plan, labelling worship is a special place the locality, describing the and describing the key for Christians similarities and differences similarities and differences - Describe the similarities and - Talk and write about how differences between old and an empty room could be new styles of Christian shared by two different buildings, using local Christian denominations examples wherever possible for worship and what changes or adaptations might each denomination want to make? - Look at Internet images of places of worship from around the world, in different cultures. Describe their similarities and differences and suggest why these might be • Describe the impact of special • Describe what inspires those who • Devise a questionnaire to places on Christians and what go to a Christian place of discover why people go to a inspires and influences Christians worship and those who lead Christian place of worship and as they gather together to - Suggest answers to what their favourite aspects of worship and celebrate questions about the way worship are Christians worship eg Why do you think Christians kneel to pray? • Use religious vocabulary to • Make links between a place’s • Look at pictures and a map and explain why these places are history and Christian feelings find out about the story behind a special for Christians and show about the place today place which is special for many understanding of some of the • Use religious vocabulary to show Christians: artefacts used in Christian understanding of key artefacts - Lindisfarne (Holy Island) worship and objects used in some - Iona Christian worship eg - Canterbury - Altar or communion table - Walsingham - Processional cross - York - Vestments - Lourdes - Candles as a symbol of - Jerusalem light - Bethlehem - Musical instruments such • Imagine they are a Christian as the organ, guitars, music visiting this place, and write groups and choirs creatively about how they feel, what they can see and what the experience means • Use artefacts found in Christian worship as the basis for reflective work on the feelings these might inspire in Christians eg a variety of crosses and the messages and beliefs they convey - Listen to a variety of Christian music from different traditions and cultures, describing how each might inspire Christians

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Christian Faith Key Stage 2

Key Question 2 contd: Why are some places special?

Skills and Attitudes Cross curricular links

• Interpretation • Art • Understanding of a different faith • DT • P4C • English • Awe and wonder • Geography • PSHE • SMSC

Barnsley Local Agreed Syllabus © BMBC 2020

Christian Faith 67

Christian Faith Key Stage 2

Key Question 3: How can faith contribute to Community Cohesion?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Describe the impact of some of • Make links between Jesus’ • Watch a video or read about Jesus’ teaching on Christians ethical teaching and the way in Jesus’ teaching and explore its today and how Christians which Christians try to live meaning through eg demonstrate their belief in God • Make links between Christian - Role play and drama beliefs about loving others and - Artwork the work of Christians with those - Creative writing in need - Music • Describe incidents and experiences of their own in which Jesus’ teaching could have had an impact • Suggest how Christian places • Investigate how Christian places • Talk about any ‘good deeds’ or of worship care for people in of worship show care for their community work pupils may need. members and the wider have been involved in. What was • Describe ways in which community eg through community involved and how did they feel? Christianity reaches beyond activities such as: - Talk about the facilities for home and Christian places of - Carer and toddler groups people which enrich worship into the community eg - Children’s & Youth groups community life and what through charity work - Uniformed Groups difference these facilities (Scouting, Guiding, Boys make - they could write Brigade, Girl’s Brigade) imaginatively about a town - Luncheon Clubs in which no one is provided - ‘Drop In’ Centres for, and also write about ‘My ideal town’ in which a sense of community thrives - Design a poster for a Christian place of worship called ‘St Perfects’, advertising the things this Christian place of worship does for the local community • Make reference to the way • Refer to different Christian • Conduct a case study of the different Christian denominations denominations in their locality to community work of two local in their area express themselves give examples of different forms Christian places of worship of of Christian expression different denominations, researching, using interviews with clergy, notice boards, newsletters and web-sites. How else is the building used

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Christian Faith Key Stage 2

Key Question 3 contd: How can faith contribute to Community Cohesion?

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Interpretation • ICT • Analysis • Art • Investigation • Drama • Understanding of a different faith • Music • P4C • PSHE • British Values • English • Geography • Citizenship

Barnsley Local Agreed Syllabus © BMBC 2020

Christian Faith 69

Christian Faith Key Stage 2

Key Question 4: Why are some times special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Develop their understanding of • Important events in the pupils’ • Talk about the significance of a major Christian festivals year and why they are special special event in the year • Know there is a pattern to the • Remembering and celebrating • Design and produce a Christian Church’s year and identify the Jesus: key events in Jesus’ life – calendar illustrating the major major Christian festivals their links with major Christian festivals and their link with festivals events in the Christian story • Know and comment on some • The nativity Cycle: • Illustrate or make a display of different ways in which Christians Celebrating Advent some symbols associated with celebrate important festivals Advent carols, ring, candle Advent and describe what they Celebrating Christmas represent Local celebrations, celebrating • Describe how Christmas is Christmas in other countries celebrated in another country Different types of Christmas • Write about the visit of the Magi, services, what happens, the from the perspective of one of symbolism, the customs and the the Wise Men stories behind them (e.g. St Nicholas) Epiphany. The Wise Men

• Sequence the events of Holy • The Easter Cycle: • Make a diary of Holy Week Week Lent – preparation for Easter • Use picture or drama or ‘Godly Holy Week – the events, the ways Play’ to explore the emotions in which they are commemorated/ and responses of characters in celebrated by the Christian the Easter story Church • Palm Sunday • Maundy Thursday, its link with celebrating Jesus’ last meal (The Passover), through Communion/ Good Friday/Easter Day • Demonstrate some awareness of • Ascension • Use drama to illustrate the other significant festivals • Pentecost stories

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Interpretation • English • Investigation • Geography • Understanding of a different faith • Drama • Art • DT • SMSC

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Christian Faith 70

Christian Faith Key Stage 2

Key Question 5: What can be learnt from the lives of significant people of faith?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Describe the impact of key • Describe the influence and impact • Talk about any life changing figures in Christianity of Jesus and Saint Paul experiences of their own and read about the conversion and work of Saint Paul

• Make links between these people • Make links between these figures • Talk about what makes a good and good leadership today and the influence they have had and inspiring leader and about on more recent Christian leaders the qualities Jesus showed. and inspiring people. Who do they admire and why? - Find out about the work of other key Christian figures and explore how they were influenced by Jesus, and what sort of qualities they possessed eg. - Rev’d James Hudson Taylor - Dr Thomas Barnardo - Mother Teresa of Calcutta - George Fox - Rev’d John Wesley - Rev’d Charles Wesley - William Wilberforce, MP - Elizabeth Fry - Famous Quaker families (Rowntree, Fry, Cadbury, Barclay, Lloyd etc).

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Analysis • History • Interpretation • PSHE • P4C • English • Understanding of a different faith • ICT • British Values • Citizenship

Barnsley Local Agreed Syllabus © BMBC 2020

Christian Faith 71

Christian Faith Key Stage 2

Key Question 6: How do I and others feel about life and the universe around us?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Identify some questions which • Identify some ultimate questions • Think of questions beginning are difficult to answer e.g. with ‘why?’ which are difficult to - Does God exist? answer and talk about some of - Why do bad things happen to their own responses and good people? experiences - What happens when we die? - What is the purpose of life?

• Understand the role of story and • Suggest answers to some of • Read some stories which metaphor in exploring difficult these questions based on their address some of these questions questions own experience and beliefs and talk about how they feel eg. - Badger’s Parting Gifts by Susan Varley.(death and bereavement) - The Next Place by Warren Hanson (afterlife) - When the world was New by Alicia Gracia de Lynam (beginnings) - Stories to Make You Think by Heather Butler (Christian teaching linked to challenging life experiences of children)

• Suggest answers to some difficult • Make links between these • Find out what answers questions about life and the questions and some Christian Christians might give to some of universe beliefs which offer a response these questions and make posters with words and pictures • What is Man’s responsibility for to convey a Christian view of life the care of our planet and the and the universe effects of Global warming

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Analysis • Art • Interpretation • English • Awe and wonder • PSHE • Understanding of a different faith • ICT • P4C • SMSC

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Christian Faith Key Stage 3

Key Question 1: Why are these words special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Give informed accounts of how • Explain some reasons for the • Produce a dust jacket for a Bible the Bible has developed similarities and differences using key information studies between the Gospels eg the oral - Develop a publicity campaign tradition, the sources used by the (eg posters, adverts on video authors of the Gospels and the camera) to introduce a new audiences for whom they were version of the Bible onto the written market. How will we sell it to a Christian, an agnostic, and a member of another faith? • Evaluate the impact of different • Explain the impact of the • Use websites to compare a versions of the Bible on people’s discovery of fragments of early passage from different versions. lives scrolls as evidence of dating and Students to write their own accuracy passage in ‘their’ language eg • Nag Hammadi and Dead Sea text language, Barnsley slang etc Scrolls and their impact on evidencing Biblical stories. - Evaluate various versions of the Bible and how language differs so much • Explain how different Christians . Express insights into different • Interview a Christian eg a visiting use and interpret the Bible ways in which Christians interpret member of the clergy or youth the Bible eg liberal, conservative, leader about what the Bible literal, and different ways in which means to them it is used eg ethical discernment, - Look at different ways of personal prayer, stories which interpreting a biblical text and convey the tenets of the faith discuss which is liberal, conservative, literal

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Application • History • Expression • English • Interpretation • ICT • Evaluation • Citizenship • Philosophy • Geography • Art

Websites and Publications

• Useful Christian websites (KS1, 2 and 3) please see page 76 • Useful Christian publications (KS1, 2 and 3) please see page 87 • Acronyms used within this section – please see page 76

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Christian Faith 73

Christian Faith Key Stage 3

Key Question 2: Why are some places special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Explain why Christians go on • Explain the impact of key places • Watch a video or interview a pilgrimages or go on retreats, and of pilgrimage for Christians eg Christian who has visited a place express insights into the sort of - Lindisfarne (Holy Island) which is sacred for Christians. experiences these offer - Iona - Look at pictures of two places - Canterbury and talk about what happened - Walsingham there and how the atmosphere - York is enhanced today - Knock - Interview a Christian who has - Lourdes been on a retreat - Jerusalem - Bethlehem NB: Care should be taken to use examples which are different from those pupils may have covered at Key Stage 2 • Express insights into the experiences Christians may have during a pilgrimage or retreat

• Know the differences and • Research a range of • Meet/interview a member(s) from similarities between different denominations and find out about different denominations. styles of Christian worship eg their style of worship • Use worship CDs to compare traditional such as some Anglican styles of worship churches, and modern styles eg Pentecostal • Use excerpts of preaching CDs to compare styles • Use of video excerpts from services • Creation of leaflet inviting people to church and telling them what it is like • Write a letter to a friend imagining you have visited a place of worship and explain what the experience was like

• Give informed accounts of the • Research different Christian • Visit three very different local features of churches of different churches, local or online, churches and experience the denominations, and express evaluate the different ways in atmosphere in each, indentifying insights into the significance of which they are used and express features which help to create this these features insights into the features which atmosphere (or online tours) aid worship and create an • Create a brief guide to a atmosphere in each case denomination of your choice and the importance of the key features of that denomination

Skills and Attitudes Cross curricular links

• Research • English • Analysis • ICT • Interpretation • History • Evaluation • Music • Philosophy • Art • Geography • DT

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Christian Faith Key Stage 3

Key Question 3: How can faith contribute to Community Cohesion?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Explain how Christians express • Explain the significance of • Visit a Church or interview a their faith at key moments in life Christian rites of passage member of the clergy about rites ie rites of passage of passage eg Baptism, first communion, confirmation, marriage, funerals. Consider which Christian beliefs are being expressed, and how, at these ceremonies. Talk about how they express their own beliefs and values about life through actions and rituals • Demonstrate insights into ways in • Explain how Christians use some • Discover what motivates which Christians might express of Jesus’ teaching to help them to Christians engaged in their faith in private and in public make moral decisions eg community work and link this - The greatest commandment with Christian beliefs and values: (Matthew 22:34-40; Mark - How are these being 12:28-31) expressed in practice? - The Sermon on the Mount - How do pupils express their (Matthew 5-7) own beliefs and values in - Parables eg practical ways? - The sheep and the goats - Assess the contribution (Matthew 25:31-46); made by Christian groups to - The good Samaritan community life eg write (Luke 10:25-37) creatively about what the - The lost sheep (Luke 15:1-7) area would be like if all the - The prodigal son (Luke 15:11- churches and Christians 32) disappeared • Gain insights into the importance • Drama of how Christians of public and private prayer for express their beliefs Christians, including the Lord’s Prayer as a motivating factor for Christian living • Explain how people’s words and • Explain some key aspects of • Look at symbols which express actions affect the way people see Christian belief eg some Christian concepts about them and their ‘faith’ - The Trinity; God as Creator God and Jesus. Talk about how and Father; The Incarnation in these beliefs might affect a Jesus; The work of the Holy Christian’s behaviour eg valuing Spirit; the environment, seeing - Creeds (The Apostles’ Creed something of God in all people or the Nicene Creed) • How do these key beliefs translate into actions? – link to point 2 • Give a critical and evaluative • Evaluate the work of local • Meet representatives from local account of Christianity at work in churches and Christian groups churches who make a the local/international community eg Salvation Army contribution to the community eg a community worker or youth leader • Find out about the work of a Christian charity or coalition and evaluate how far their work conveys their Christian commitment and values eg - Christian Aid; Cafod; Traidcraft; Trade Justice, Make Poverty History; NCH; Jubilee 2000

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Christian Faith 75

Christian Faith Key Stage 3

Key Question 3 contd: How can faith contribute to Community Cohesion?

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links

• Research • Citizenship • Interpretation • Geography • Analysis • ICT • Evaluation • English • Philosophy • Drama • British Values • SMSC

Barnsley Local Agreed Syllabus © BMBC 2020

Christian Faith 76

Christian Faith Key Stage 3

Key Question 4: Why are some times special?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Account for the beliefs, customs, • Explain the religious and secular • Interview a Christian about how events and experiences customs related to these times of these times of year are connected with some times which year, and the original events on celebrated and why they are are significant for Christians eg which these times are based significant. Compare this with Christmas, Lent to Easter or - Express insights into the local secular events and media from Easter to Ascension and experiences of Christians at treatment of these times Pentecost considering their these times and the beliefs - Find out the meaning of key importance for believers and as which are held and conveyed Christian concepts such as secular celebrations - Consider a range of theological atonement, forgiveness, - Evaluate the issues of interpretations of these stories reconciliation, salvation, for commercialism and charity in eg the Crucifixion and Christians at Easter and for connection with these times Resurrection – concepts their own lives could include atonement, forgiveness, reconciliation, salvation

• Use DVD (Vicar of Dibley Christmas edition) to discuss the true meaning of Christmas compared to today’s secular view • Use of key media eg The Nativity to investigate Christmas • Discuss the meaning of Easter and make a model of Jesus’ tomb • Set a Lenten task for students to fast for one week as homework

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links

• Research • English • Interpretation • ICT • Evaluation • Citizenship • Application • SMSC • Forgiveness • DT • Philosophy

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Christian Faith 77

Christian Faith Key Stage 3

Key Question 5: What can be learnt from the lives of significant people of faith?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Give an analytical account of the • Find out about the life of one of • Find out about the life of an life and work of a key Christian the following Christians: inspiring Christian and write their - Critically evaluate the - Rev’d James Hudson Taylor obituary or book review about contribution of this person to - Mother Theresa of Calcutta them society - Archbishop Oscar Romero - Create a class memorial to - Cicely Saunders this person, making a display - Pope John Paul ll of images, words and items - Rev’d Dr Martin Luther King, which will remind Christians Jnr about their life, work and - Archbishop Desmond Tutu achievements - John Sentemu - Nicky Cruz

• Express insights into why this • Consider what makes a person • Consider what might make a person might be an inspiration to inspiring to others, and evaluate Christian inspiring to others, and other Christians the contribution of the person evaluate how far the character studied to (i) wider society, (ii) studied can be said to be Christianity ‘inspiring’. Compare their o Bono qualities to popular secular o Jane Tomlinson heroes and consider the role of o Stacey Orrico faith as a motivating factor for o Leona Lewis good work

Any current Christian personality eg Faith Hill, Tom Hanks, Denzel Washington, Tim Tebow.

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Research • History • Analysis • Citizenship • Application • English • Interpretation • Art • Philosophy • ICT • SMSC

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Christian Faith Key Stage 3

Key Question 6: How do I and others feel about life and the universe around us?

Most pupils will be expected Suggested areas of study Links and suggested activities to: • Interpret some philosophical • Learn about some arguments for • Create a display of two halves, arguments for and against the God’s existence, and the one using pictures and objects existence of God criticisms which may be made of which suggest God might exist, them eg one using pictures and objects - The ontological argument which suggest God might not - The cosmological argument exist - The teleological argument • Find out what some philosophers - The argument from religious have said about the existence of experience God, and what criticisms may be - Learn about some made of their arguments arguments against God’s existence, and the criticisms which may be made of them eg - The problem of evil and suffering: - natural evil - moral evil

• Examine their own beliefs about • Express their own views on the • Organise a class survey to find the existence of God, and existence of God, and the out the percentages of atheists, evaluate the reasons for their reasons they hold these views agnostics and theists in the point of view group and hold a class debate about the evidence for and against the existence of God – a good title might be ‘We have a beautiful world, so there must be a wonderful God’

• Evaluate ideas of creation vs • Express their own views on these • Use internet sources eg evolution ‘theories’ and why they have such YouTube… Louie Giglio – How views Great is our God tour (parts 1 to • Discuss Man’s responsibility for 4/5) caring for our planet and the • Darwin – The Origin of Species effects of Global warming

Skills and attitudes Cross curricular links • Analysis • ICT • Interpretation • Science • Evaluation • History • Logical thinking • Art • Philosophy • English • Awe and wonder • SMSC

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Christian Faith

Key Stages 1, 2 and 3

Useful publications

• Start-up Religion – Visiting a Church, Belonging, Gifts at Christmas, Celebrating Harvest (KS 1) – Evans Bros Ltd. • Always Near Me, Whatever is Lonely, All These Things, A Time for Everything (KS 1) – Pupfish Publications. • Images of God (KS 1) – Eerdmans Book. • God’s Quiet Things (KS 1) – Lion Picture Story. • Thank you for a drink of water, a loaf of bread, a book to read, a pair of jeans (KS 1/2) – Lion Publications. • A First Look: GOD, JESUS, THE CHURCH, THE BIBLE (KS 1/2) – Lion Publications. • The Lord’s Prayer explained for children (KS 1/2) – St Andrew Press. • People of the Bible – Noah and His Ark (7 additional titles KS 1/2) – Franklin Watts Ltd. • My Life, My Religion – Anglican Curate/Catholic Priest (KS1/2) – Franklin Watts Ltd. • Stories from Faiths – Noah and the Ark (KS1/2) – QED Publishing. • The Life of St Andrew, St David, St Francis, St George, St Patrick (KS 2) - Heinemann Library. • The Lion Story Bible series (52 titles KS2) – Lion Publications. • Ladybird Bible Books (23 titles KS 2) – Scripture Union/Ladybird. • Children’s Favourite Bible Stories – The Teachings of Jesus, The Life of Jesus, From the Old Testament (KS 2) – Ward Lock Ltd. • Religious Stories – The Old Testament (KS 2) – Wayland Publications Ltd. • The Children’s Bible (KS 2) – Lion Publications. • Places of Worship – Catholic Churches, Protestant Churches (KS2) – Heinemann Library. • Let’s Find Out About – Christian Churches (KS 2/3) – Raintree Publications. • Behind the Scenes Christmas (KS 2/3) – Scripture Union. • World of Faiths – Christianity (KS 2/3) – QED Publications. • Celebrating Easter (KS 2/3) – Wayland/Hodder. • The Life of Jesus (KS 2/3) – DK Publications. • Discovering Churches (KS 2/3) – Lion Publications. • Christians, Jesus, How the Bible Came to Us, Our World, Caring for Planet Earth, Growing Up Now (KS 2/3) – Lion Publications. • Masterpieces of Art – Moses (KS 2/3) – The Salariya Book Company Ltd. • Bible World Settlers, Warriors and Kings (KS 2/3) – Lion Publications. • Living Stories from the Bible – The Early Life of Jesus, Moses, Abraham, Jesus the Teacher (KS 2/3) – Hutchinson Junior Books Ltd. • Step-Up Religion – How do people express their faith through the arts? (KS 2/3) – Evans Bros Ltd. • The Good News Bible (KS 2/3) – The Bible Society/Harper Collins. • Holy Bible – New International Version (KS 2/3) – Hodder and Stoughton. • New Light Children’s Bible (KS 2/3) – Hodder and Stoughton. • Good News Bible (KS 2/3) – Harper Collins. • Rainbow Good News Bible (KS 2/3) – Harper Collins/Hamlyn Publications. • Introducing Religions – Christianity (KS2/3) – Heinemann. • Storyteller – Christian Stories (KS2/3) – Evans Brothers Ltd. • Religious Signs and Symbols (KS2/3) – Wayland Publications Ltd. • A Year of Festivals – Christian Festivals (KS2/3) – Franklin Watts Ltd. • Religion in Focus – Christianity (KS2/3) – Franklin Watts Ltd. • Holy Places – The Vatican (KS2/3) – Heinemann Library. • Religions of the World – Christianity (KS2/3) – Wayland. • Sacred Texts – The Bible and Christianity (KS2/3) – Evans Brothers Ltd. New Christianity Scheme • Understanding Christianity (F/KS1/2/3) – RE Today [2 days training (Leeds Diocese) includes detailed document and web access. James Hudson Taylor • DVD – James Hudson Taylor: Called by God into the Heart of the Dragon (60 minute drama/documentary, published 2018) (KS 3). • Full colour biography of James Hudson Taylor – ISBN 978-1-78259-063-7 website www.cwr.org.uk/shop • A – Cross the World – CMS Teacher Resource.

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VISITING A PLACE OF WORSHIP

CHRISTIAN CHURCH

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GENERAL INFORMATION

It is always advisable to:

• Visit a place of worship prior to a class visit, if this is possible • Prepare pupils as much as possible prior to a visit • Obtain a risk assessment for the place of worship prior to a class visit • Check class limits - each place of worship may have a different class limit

Donations

Voluntary donations towards the upkeep of a place of worship are always appreciated.

Contact Details

Contact details for a variety of Interfaith Centres can be found on the LA RE website with recommendations from SACRE/school visits.

Dress Code

The requirements for visiting Churches vary widely. Please check with the individual Church prior to the visit. Modest clothing should be worn. Men/boys - heads should not be covered. Long trousers are required to be worn in some churches. Short trousers worn by younger boys are usually acceptable. Women/girls - A modest top covering the upper arms is required in some churches. Low necklines and crop tops are generally unacceptable.

Behaviour

• Respect the building as a place of worship. It is regarded as special to the people who worship there • Mobile phones should be turned off whilst in the building • Photography is permitted at most times - there may be a small charge. Flash photography is sometimes prohibited • Alcohol (apart from Communion wine) is not usually allowed to be consumed on the premises • Smoking is NOT allowed on the premises

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Christian Faith Glossary

Unlike the other five world faiths included in this glossary, most of the terms given below are well known in English and will be familiar to many people. The historic languages of the Christian scriptures are Hebrew, Greek and Latin. The Old Testament was written largely in Hebrew, with some texts in Aramaic and Greek (Apocrypha). The whole of the New Testament was written in Greek, although many words and passages have their origin in Aramaic. Latin became increasingly the language of the Western Church from the 5th century CE when the Bible was translated into Latin.

Absolution Apocalyptic [Greek] Atonement The pronouncement by a Disclosure I Revelation. (i) Reconciliation between God priest of the forgiveness of Revelatory, of God's present and humanity; restoring a Sins. purposes and of the end of the relationship broken by Sin. world. (ii) Used of a literary AD (Anno Domini) [Latin] genre, for example, the Book In the Year of our Lord. The of Revelation and parts of Baptism [Greek] Christian calendar dates from Daniel. Immersion. Rite of Christian the estimated date of the birth initiation involving immersion of *Jesus Christ, which is Apocrypha [Greek] Hidden in, or sprinkling or pouring of, almost certainly slightly out. It books. Books of the Old water. A symbol of God's is the same as Common Era Testament that are in the grace, entry into the Church (CE) used in this document. Greek but not the Hebrew family, cleansing from sin. Canon. Some Churches Advent [Greek] recognise the Apocrypha as Baptist Coming. The period beginning part of the Old Testament (i) A member of the Baptist on the fourth Sunday before Canon, in some Bibles it Church. (ii) A Christian who Christmas (or in the Eastern appears as a separate practices Believer's Baptism. Orthodox tradition 40 days section. before Christmas). A time of Baptist Church spiritual preparation for Apocryphal New Testament Christian denomination which Christmas. A modern title for various early grew out of the Anabaptist Christian books which are non movement during the Agape [Greek] canonical, including many Reformation. The love of God I God's love rediscovered recently. shared by Christians. New Baptistry Testament word used for Apostle [Greek] (i) Building or pool used for fellowship and also the One who is sent. (i) Those Baptism, particularly by common meal of Christians; personally sent out by *Jesus immersion. (ii) Part of a also known as the Love Feast. Christ to preach the Gospel. church, where Baptism takes One of four Greek words for (ii) Those sent out by the place. love. Church. BC (Before Christ) [Latin] Altar Ascension Period of history before the Table used for Eucharist, The event, 40 days after the estimated birth of Jesus Mass, Lord's Supper. Some Resurrection, when *Jesus Christ. It is the same as denominations refer to it as was taken up (ascended) into Before the Common Era Holy Table or Communion Heaven. (Luke 24:50-52 and (BCE) used in this document. Table. Acts 1:1-11). BCE (Before Common Era) Anglican Ash Wednesday Commonly used secular and Churches in full communion The first day of Lent. In some historical reckoning used with the See of Canterbury Churches, penitents receive throughout this syllabus. It (The Anglican Communion). the sign of the cross in ashes matches the Christian BC. Their origins and traditions are on their foreheads. linked to the Church of England. Assemblies of God Pentecostal Church denomination.

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Believer's Baptism CE (Common Era) Church (Churches) The Baptism of people who Commonly used secular and (i)The whole community of have personally accepted and historical reckoning used Christians. declared '* Jesus as Lord and throughout this syllabus which (ii) A particular Christian Saviour', being those seen by was published in 2005 CE. It denomination. (iii) A Christian their Church as old enough to matches the Christian years community gathered in a understand the meaning of the AD. certain place. (iv) The building rite. in which Christians worship. Chalice (v) The sanctuary room inside Benediction [Latin] Blessing. Shared cup used in Holy the building where worship (i) Given at the end of worship. Communion / Eucharist. normally occurs. (ii) Late afternoon or evening service (usually Roman Charismatic [Greek] A free Communion Catholic) including the gift. (i) The spiritual gifts in the (i) Free church name for blessing of the congregation New Testament and mass. with the consecrated host. character of some of the (ii) Group of like-minded actions of the Early Church. congregations or Bible Listed in Romans 10, 1 denominations. The sacred text, containing Corinthians 12. (ii) A modern the Canon of Scripture, of Old movement within the Church, Communion Table Testament and New emphasising spiritual gifts, See Altar. Testament. such as healing or speaking with tongues. Confession Bishop (Bishops) Contrition I Penance. (i) One Overseer of a Diocese or See. Chrismation of seven sacraments observed Centred on a Cathedral (i) The Orthodox second by some Churches whose Church. One of the Orders of Sacrament of initiation by priest confidentially hears a Ministry. anointing with chrism (a person's confession. (ii) An special oil). Performed at the admission, by a Christian, of Blessed Sacrament same time as Baptism. (ii) wrong doing. (iii) A particular Bread and wine which have Anointing with oil, for example, official statement (or been consecrated and set for healing or at a coronation. profession) of faith. aside for future use (term mainly used in the Roman Christ [Greek] Congregationalist Catholic Church). The anointed one. The same (i) Member of a Christian body as the Jewish term, Messiah. which believes that each local Brethren (i) Title used in the Jewish Church is independent and Christian, Exclusive or Open tradition to refer to the self-governing under the Brethren are Christian expected leader sent by God, authority of Christ. (ii) A denominations which who will bring salvation to Christian denomination. emphasise piety, high moral God's people. *Jesus' values, faithfulness to the followers applied this title to Consubstantiation Bible and plural leadership. him, and its Greek equivalent, Protestant Doctrine of the Christ, is the source of the Eucharist, associated with Canon [Latin] words Christian and *Martin Luther, which holds Scripture. (i) The accepted Christianity. (ii) Shorthand that after consecration, the books of the Bible. The list term, often used to refer to the substances of the Body and varies between person of Blood of *Jesus Christ and of denominations. (ii) An official *Jesus. the bread and wine co-exist in in a Cathedral. union with each other but are Christmas [Greek] not literally transformed. Cathedral Celebration of the anointed Church at the centre of a one. Festival commemorating Councils diocese and the See of a the birth of *Jesus Christ (25 Historic meetings at which key Bishop. December, in most issues were debated, such as denominations). The tradition Jerusalem (in Acts 15), Aries Catholic [Latin] nativity story is a combination (314 CE), Nicea (325 CE), Universal. (i) Shared beliefs of of fragments taken from the Carthage (397 and 417 CE), traditions. (ii) Often used as an Gospels, (Matthew 1:1-2:18; Chalcedon (451 CE), Lateran abbreviation for the Roman Luke 1:5-2:40; (1215 CE) Trent (1545-63 Catholic Church and its John 1:1-14) CE), and Vatican (1869-1870 practices. and 1962-1965 CE).

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Creed (Creeds) [Latin] Eastern Orthodox Good Friday Belief. Summary statement of See under Orthodox. The Friday in Holy Week, it religious beliefs, often recited commemorates the day in worship, especially the Ecumenism (Oikoumene) *Jesus died on the cross. Apostles' and Nicene Creeds. Movement within the Church towards co-operation and Gospel [Latin] Crucifixion eventual unity. Good News. (i) An account of Roman method of executing *Jesus' life and work. (ii) criminals and traitors by Elim Account of the of salvation in fastening them to a cross until Pentecostal Church *Jesus Christ. they died of asphyxiation; denomination. used in the case of *Jesus Gospels [Latin] Christ and many of his Episcopacy (i) The four canonical stories followers, such as Saints System of Church of the life of *Jesus Christ. (ii) *Peter and *Andrew. Used for government which includes Highly decorative copies made those who opposed the the governance by bishops. by monks, such as the Romans. Has been stated as Lindisfarne Gospels. the cruelest method of state Epistles [Greek] execution ever used. Letters. Several such letters Grace from Christian leaders to (i) The freely given and Deacons Christian Churches or unmerited favour of God's love (i) One of the historic helpers individuals, are included in the for humanity. (ii) Blessing. (iii) in the Early Church, including New Testament. Prayer of thanks before or Saint *Stephen, the first after meals. (iv) 'The Grace' is Christian martyr (Acts 6-7). (ii) Eucharist found in 2 Corinthians 13:14. An order of ministry. Thanksgiving. A service Deacons may be transitional, celebrating the sacrificial Heaven on the way to become a death and Resurrection of* The place, or state, in which priest, or non-transitional, Jesus Christ, using elements souls will be united with God including those in the of bread and wine. See Holy after death. Methodist Diaconal Order. Communion. Hell Denomination Evangelical The place, or state, in which (Dominations) Grouping of Group, or Church, placing souls will be separated from churches with similar particular emphasis on the God after death. foundation and theology under Gospel and the scriptures as The popular images are a mix a singular governance. the sole authority in all matters of Bible teaching and of faith and conduct. medieval writings and images. Disciples (i) One of the chosen Twelve Evangelist [Greek] Holy Communion followers of *Jesus. (ii) Any Sharer of Good News. (i) A Central liturgical service follower of the Christian writer of one of the four New observed by most Churches Gospel. Testament Gospels. (ii) A (see Eucharist, Mass, Lord's preacher of the Christian Supper, Liturgy). Recalls the Early Church Gospel. last meal of *Jesus and The followers of *Jesus from celebrates his sacrificial and the time of Pentecost Father saving death. (recorded in Acts 2) till at least The first person of the Holy the conversion of Trinity. Holy Land *Constantine the Great. The lands in which *Jesus Font ministered (as well as some of Easter Receptacle to hold water used the lands of the Old (i) Central Christian festival in Baptism. Testament). These include which celebrates the modern Israel / Palestine, as Resurrection of *Jesus Free Churches well as parts of Jordan, Christ from the dead, Non-conformist Lebanon, Syria and Egypt. culminates from Easter denominations, free from Sunday and the period state control (used of about 20 following. (ii) Commonly, the Church denominations). period around Easter.

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Holy Spirit Lectern Maundy Thursday The third person of the Holy Stand supporting the Bible, or The Thursday in Holy Week. Trinity. Active as divine similar, often in the shape of It commemorates the Last presence and power in the an eagle. Supper. world, and in dwelling in believers to make them like Lectionary Messiah Christ and empower them to List of scriptural passages for See under Christ. do God's will. systematic reading throughout the year. Methodist Holy Table A Christian who belon.9s to See Altar. Lent the Methodist Church which Penitential season. The 40 came into existence through Holy Week days (not Sundays) leading up the work of *John Wesley and The week before Easter, to Easter from Ash his brother *Charles Wesley when Christians recall the last Wednesday to Easter Eve. in the 18th century CE. week of Jesus' life on Earth. Liturgy Ministry Icon (or Ikon) [Greek] Image, (i) Service of worship (i) 'Work' or helping by Painting or mosaic of *Jesus according to a prescribed Christians, undertaken as a Christ, the Virgin *Mary, a ritual, such as Evensong or response to faith. (ii) Certain saint, or a Church feast. Used Eucharist. (ii) Term used in skills, abilities or works of as an aid to devotion, usually the Orthodox Church for the Christians. (iii) Those would in the Orthodox tradition. Eucharist. be appointed to one of the Orders of Ministry. lconostasis [Greek] Image Logos[Greek] screen. Screen covered with Word. Saint. *John's term for Missal icons, used in Eastern the pre existent Word of God, Book containing words and Orthodox churches to later Incarnate as *Jesus ceremonial directions for separate the Sanctuary from Christ. (John 1 etc.) saying Mass. the nave. Lord Mother of God Incarnation (Incarnate) Title used for *Jesus to The title given to the Virgin (i) The doctrine that God took express his divine lordship *Mary, mainly in the human form in *Jesus Christ. over people, time and space. Orthodox and Roman (ii) The belief that God in Catholic Churches. It Christ is active in the Church Lord's Prayer emphasises the Trinitarian and in the world. *Jesus' key teaching on belief that *Jesus was truly prayer (Matthew 6:4-13) God. (In this context, God Jesus Christ refers to God Incarnate as The central figure of Christian Lord's Supper seen in *Jesus.) history and devotion. The Alternative term for Eucharist second person of the Trinity. in some Churches Nativity See ·Jesus. (predominantly Non- Traditional telling of the stories conformist). around the birth of *Jesus, Justification by Faith often performed in churches The doctrine that God forgives Lutheran and schools. ('treats as just') those who A major Protestant Church repent and believe in *Jesus that receives its name from New Testament as their Saviour. the 16th century CE reformer, The collection of 27 books *Martin Luther. forming the second section of Kerygma [Greek] the Canon of Christian Teaching. The central Mass [Greek I Latin] Scriptures in the Bible. message about Celebration. Term for the *Jesus proclaimed by the Eucharist, used by the Nicene Creed early Christians. Roman Catholic and other Key statement of Christian Churches. faith and doctrine formulated Kyrie [Greek] in 325 CE. 0 Lord. Addressed to *Jesus, Martyr as in 'Kyrie eleison' (Lord have Some who is killed directly mercy). because of a declaration of faith.

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Non-conformist Parables Pope [Latin] Term used to describe Stories with a spiritual (and Bridge. The Bishop of Rome, Protestant Christian bodies moral) message, sometimes head of the Roman Catholic that became separated from hidden. This was an important Church, the largest Christian the established Anglican recorded teaching method of denomination. Also called Church in the 17th and 18th *Jesus. His Parables form Pontiff. centuries CE. some of the most remembered parts of the New Testament. Presbyterian Old Testament (i) A member of a Church that That part of the Canon of Paraclete [Latin] is governed by elders or Christian Scriptures which the Comforter I Advocate. Term 'presbyters'. Church shares with the used for the Holy Spirit. (ii) A group of denominations Jewish faith, comprising the such as the national Church 39 books covering the Parousia of Scotland. Hebrew Canon, and in the Presence. The Second case of certain denominations, Coming or return of * Jesus Protestant additionally some books of the Christ. That part of the Church which Apocrypha. The first part of became distinct from the the Bible. Passion Roman Catholic and The sufferings of *Jesus Orthodox Churches in the Orders of Ministry Christ, especially in the time 16th century CE when their The historic ordering of church immediately leading up to his members professed (or ministers. It may include crucifixion. 'protested' - hence Bishops (or Patriarchs), Protestant) the centrality of priests and deacons. Patriarch [Latin] the Bible and other beliefs. Father. (i) Title for principal Members affirm that the Bible, Ordination Eastern Orthodox bishops. under the guidance of the In episcopal Churches, the (ii) Early Israelite leaders such Holy Spirit, is the ultimate 'laying on of hands' on priests as *Abraham, *Isaac and authority for Christian and deacons by a bishop. In *Jacob. teaching. non-episcopal Churches, the 'laying on of hands' on Pentecost [Greek] Pulpit ministers by other Fifty Days. The Jewish Feast An elevated platform from representatives of the of Weeks (Shavuot), which which sermons are preached. Church. comes seven weeks ('fifty days') after Passover Purgatory Orthodox (Pesach). On the day of this In some traditions, a condition (i) The Eastern Orthodox festival around 30 CE, the or state in which good souls Church consisting of national followers of *Jesus received receive spiritual cleansing Churches (mainly Greek, the gift of the Holy Spirit. It is after death, in preparation for Russian or Slav), including the therefore regarded by some heaven. This is not Orthodox ancient Eastern Patriarchates. as the birthday of the Church. teaching. They hold the common Orthodox faith and are in Pentecostal (or Quaker communion with the Pentecostalist) A member of the Religious Patriarchate of (i) A Christian who belongs to Society of Friends Constantinople. They see their a Church that emphasises established through the work history as separate from certain gifts which were of *George Fox in the 17th Rome from 1054 CE. granted to the first believers century CE. (ii) Conforming to the creeds on the Day of Pentecost sanctioned by the ecumenical (such as the power to heal the Reconciliation (Confession) Councils, for example, sick and speak in tongues).(ii) (i) Sacrament of the (Roman) Nicaea, Chalcedon. A Christian denomination. Catholic Church, consisting of Contrition, Confession of Palm Sunday Priest Sins, and Absolution. (ii) The The Sunday before Easter, A servant of the church. human process of reconciling commemorating the entry of * Officiates at Mass (Holy Christians with one another. Jesus into Jerusalem when Communion). One of the crowds waving palm branches Orders of Ministry (see also acknowledged him. Bishops and Deacons).

Pontiff Bridge. See Pope.

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Redemption Sanctuary Trinity [Latin] Derived from the practice of (i) Biblically, historically and Three in unity. Three persons paying the price of a slave's legally, a place of refuge. (ii) In in one God. The do trine of the freedom; and so, the work of some traditions the room set- three-fold nature of God - *Jesus Christ in setting aside for worship. Father, Son (*Jesus) and people free through his death. Holy Spirit. Sermon Reformation Method of teaching. *Jesus' (The) Twelve A 16th century CE reform most famous is his Sermon The Twelve key Disciples or movement that led to the on the Mount (Matthew 5-7). Apostles chosen by *Jesus formation of Protestant to be amongst those who Churches. It emphasised the Sin (Sins) received his teachings direct, need to recover the initial (i) Act of rebellion or sometimes including additional beliefs and practices of the disobedience against the details. Early Church. known will of God. (ii) An assessment of the human Unction (Sacrament of the Religious Society of Friends condition as disordered and in Sick) A Christian denomination. need of transformation. The anointing with oil of a sick See under Quaker. or dying person. Son Resurrection As in Son of God, title of United Reformed Church (i) The rising from the dead of *Jesus, as second person of A Church formed by the union * Jesus Christ on the third the Holy Trinity. The term of English Congregationalists day after the crucifixion. (ii) Son in a co-equal Trinity can with the Presbyterian Church The rising from the dead of be very confusing. of England, and subsequently believers at the Last Day. (iii) the Reformed Association of The new, or risen, life of Synoptic [Latin] the Churches of Christ. Christians. Having a common viewpoint. It is applied to the presentation Virgin Roman Catholic of *Jesus' life in the first three See also Mother of God. See That largest part of the Gospels of *Matthew, *Mark *Mary in the Biography. Church owing loyalty to the and *Luke in contrast with that Bishop of Rome, as distinct given in the Gospel of *John. Vatican from Orthodox and The residence of the Pope Protestant Churches. Tabernacle within the city of Rome, and (i) A receptacle for the the administrative centre of Sacrament Blessed Sacrament, not the Roman Catholic Church. An outward sign of an inward immediately consumed but set The chief building of the blessing, as in Baptism or the aside or 'reserved' (mainly in Vatican is Saint Peter's Eucharist. Roman Catholic and Eastern Basilica, built on the traditional Orthodox Churches). The site of Saint Salvation presence of the consecrated *Peter's tomb. The Vatican The key Christian elements is usually signaled City is the world's smallest understanding that through by a continuously burning nation state and has acceptance of the gift of the light. (ii) Term used by some ambassadors throughout the death of *Jesus Christ our denominations of their world. sins are forgiven and we are building. reconciled with God. Whitsun [Old English] Transubstantiation See under Pentecost. Salvationist (Salvation Roman Catholic doctrine Army) concerning the Mass, defined A member of the Salvation at the Lateran Council of Army founded in London by 1215 CE, and confirmed at the Rev'd *William Booth and Council of Trent in 1551 CE. *Catherine Booth in the 19th This states that in the century CE. Eucharist, at the words of consecration, the substance of Sanctification the bread and wine becomes The process by which a the substance of the Body and believer is made holy, to Blood of *Jesus Christ, and become like *Jesus Christ. that he is thus present on the Altar.

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Biographical Summaries

The following are brief details of people mentioned in the Syllabus and other examples. The dates of Old Testament characters are estimations from calculations of Biblical chronologies against historical dating.

Abraham ("Father of a Archbishop *Desmond Tutu (b. *Jacob ("Supplanter")(c. 2006- Multitude")(2166 - 1991 BCE) 1931 CE), Anglican 1859 BCE), younger twin son of Patriarch, who received a Archbishop of Cape Town *Isaac. Had 12 sons. Later covenant with God. during the end of apartheid and called Israel ("One who then chaired the national Truth struggles with God")(Genesis Canon *Albert Ernest Sorby and Reconciliation Commission. 25-50). (d. 1934 CE), Rector of Darfield 1892-1934. Won the Darfield King *David ("Beloved")(c. *Jackie Pullinger (b. 1944 CE), Judgement (1906). 1040-970 BCE), King of Israel worker with drug addicts in from whom *Jesus descended Hong Kong. Saint *Andrew (1st century through Mary (and Joseph), CE), Andrew bar-Zebedee which due to the census saw • The Reverend *James fisherman from Capernaum. Jesus birth in *David's town, Hudson-Taylor (1832-1905 One of the Twelve Apostles. Bethlehem. CE), Barnsley-born founder of Patron Saint of Scotland. Feast the China Inland Mission. day November 30th. (Gospels) *Elizabeth Fry (1780-1845 CE) (nee Gurney), Prisons and *Jesus ("The LORD saves")(c. *Catherine Booth (1829-1890 social reformer. 4 BCE - 30 CE), Incarnation of CE), the Religious Society of the Second Person of the Friends. co-founder of the Sister *Frances Dominica (b.c. Trinity. He exercised a ministry Salvation Army with her 1943 CE), Founder of Helen of preaching, teaching and husband, *William Booth. House the world's first miracles in Palestine (Israel). Children's hospice, in Oxford. His life, ministry, death and *Cecily Saunders (b. 1918 resurrection are the key to the CE), founder of the hospice *George Fox (1624-1690 CE), Christian faith (Gospels). movement. founder of the Religious Society of Friends. Saint• John the Baptist (1st The Reverend *Charles centuries BCE & CE) , John Wesley (1707- 1788 CE), born Saint *Francis of Assisi (1181- bar-Zechariah, forerunner / in nearby Epworth, Lincolnshire, 1226 CE), Frivolous, rich young preacher, cousin of *Jesus. Anglican priest, co-founder of man who felt a call from God Feast day June 24th (Gospels). the Methodist movement. One and began as a wandering of the most famous Christian preacher, founding a monastic Saint *John the Divine (d. c. hymn writers. order. The first recorded 100 CE), John bar-Zebedee. stigmatic. Well known for his Apostle. Fisherman. Credited Saint *Claire of Assisi (c. care of animals. Pope *John with the writing of a Gospel, 1194-1253 CE), Friend of Saint Paul II proclaimed him patron three Epistles and the Book of *Francis, she founded an order Saint of ecologists. Feast day Revelation. Feast day of nuns now called the 'Poor October 4th. December 27th. (Gospels) Glares'. Feast day August 11th. King *Henry VIII (1491-1547 Pope *John Paul II (1920-2005 Sir *Cliff Richard (b. 1940 CE), CE), King of England (1509 - CE), Karol Wojtyla, the first Harry Webb rock and roll singer 1547), whose desire for a Polish priest to lead the Roman ('the English Elvis') who divorce caused him to break the Catholic Church, the third became a Christian and works English Church away from longest serving and the most with many charities. Rome, culminating with the Act widely travelled Pope in history. of Supremacy (1534) creating *Constantine the Great (d. 337 the Anglican Church. The Reverend *John Wesley CE), Roman Emperor who after (1703-1791 CE), born in nearby conversion, ordered the *Isaac ("Laughing")(b.c. 2066 Epworth, Lincolnshire, conversion of the Roman BCE), Son of *Abraham and Anglican priest, from whom the Empire, to the Christian faith. Sarah. A patriarch. Methodist Church emerged. He visited Barnsley on a number of occasions.

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The Reverend Dr *John Saint *Mary Magdalene (1st Saint *Peter ("Rock")(1st Wycliffe (c. 1324-1384 CE), Century CE), Mary of Magdaia. century CE), Simon bar- born near Richmond , North Healed by *Jesus (Luke 8:1-2), Zebedee, Fisherman from Yorkshire. Oxford scholar who, at the Crucifixion and found the Capernaum, One of the Twelve in 1382 translated the Bible empty tomb (Mark 16:1-9, John Apostles. According to Roman from Latin into English, the first 20:11-18) Feast day July 22nd. Catholic tradition the founding person to do so. Pope (Gospels, Acts and Saint *Matthew (1st Century Epistles). *Jonathan Edwards (b. 1966 CE), Levi bar-Alphaeus. CE), 2000 Olympic Triple Taxcollector. One of the Twelve *Roy Castle (1932-1994 CE), jumper gold medalist and Apostles. Wrote a Gospel. entertainer and broadcaster, broadcaster. Feast day September 21st whose fight against cancer and (Gospels). passive smoking were *Judas Iscariot (1st Century combined with a sharing of his CE), Apostle, the group's Saint *Mark (1st Century CE), faith. treasurer who betrayed *Jesus. John Mark. Travelled with Saint (Gospels). *Paul and friend of Saint *Samuel ("The LORD *Peter. Wrote a Gospel. Feast Hears")(11th century BCE), *Leonardo da Vinci (1452- day April 15th (Mark 14:51-52, Prophet and Judge. Anointed 1519 CE), Italian Renaissance Acts). David as King (1 Samuel 1-28). man. Painter of 'The Last Supper' (1495) and 'Madonna *Moses ("Drawn Out")(c. 1527- *Sigmund Freud (1855-1939 and Child' (1478). 1406 BCE) Leader of people of CE), 'Father of psychoanalysis' Israel from slavery in Egypt. and critic of religion. *Ludwig Fauerbach (1804- Received the Ten 1872 CE), German philophoser Commandments (Exodus - Saint *Stephen (d.c. 30 CE), and author of 'The Essence of Deuteronomy). One of the first Deacons of the Christianity' (1841). Early Church who was killed for *Michelangelo Buonarroti his preaching, becoming the Saint *Luke (1st Century CE), (1475-1564 CE), Renaissance first Christian martyr. Feast day Greek doctor and travelling artist. Painted the Sistine December 26th (Acts 6-7). companion of Saint Chapel in the Vatican (1508- *Paul. Wrote a Gospel and a 1513, 1536-1541) *Terry Waite (b. 1939 CE), history of the Early Church, Church Army Officer, who acted The Acts of the Apostles. Feast *Nicky Cruz (b. c. 1945 CE), as a peace envoy of Robert day October 18th. (Acts). reformed murderer and New Runcie, the then Archbishop of York gang-leader who became Canterbury. *Martin Luther (1483-1546 an international evangelist. CE), German priest whose Mother *Theresa of Calcutta protests against the Roman Archbishop *Oscar Romero (1910-1997 CE) Agnes Gonxa Catholic Church was one of (191 7-1980 CE), Archbishop of Bojaxhui, Albanian born Roman the key factors in the El Salvador, assassinated on Catholic nun who worked Protestant Reformation. the steps of his cathedral, for amongst the slums of India. talking about social justice and The Reverend Dr. *Martin the Gospel of Liberation. The Reverend Dr. *Thomas Luther King, ,J.r., (1929-1968 Bowman Stephenson (1839- CE), Assassinated American Saint *Paul ("Small")(1st 1912 CE), Methodist minister, Baptist Minister and Civil century CE), Saul of Tarsus, a who founded the National Rights activist. Pharisee who whilst Children's Home (with many persecuting the Early Church current projects in Barnsley) The Virgin *Mary (1st centuries under went a dramatic and Methodist Diaconal Order BCE & CE), Young girl from conversion. He later became an (which was based at llkley). Nazereth, visited by the Evangelist and Apostle, Archangel Gabriel and told she founding churches, writing Dame *Thora Hird (1911-2003 would have a child, *Jesus, the epistles and brought the CE), Northern actress and Messiah. (Gospels) Christian faith into Europe. broadcaster. (Acts and Epistles) Dr. *Thomas Barnardo (1845- 1905 CE), Dublin-born children's work founder, who was inspired by *James Hudson-Taylor.

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The Reverend *William Booth *William Wilberforce (1759- (1829-1912 CE), London-based 1833 CE), Member of Evangelist of the Methodist Parliament for Hull and New Connexion, who founded Yorkshire, converted suddenly the Salvation Army. in 1785, he campaigned for social reforms, particularly the *William Tyndale (c. 1494- ending of human slavery in 1536 CE), Protestant reformer Britain with the Abolition Bill and Bible translater, printing his (1807). New Testament in 1526.