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TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE INSTITUTE Frameworks for Achieving Cultural and Linguistic Competence in Developmental Disabilities Councils July 12, 2017

Lydia X. Z. Brown, Pedro Ramos-Zayas and Tawara D. Goode

LYDIA X. Z. BROWN Chairperson, Massachusetts Developmental Disabilities Council

ITACC: 2017 AIDD Technical Assistance Institute PROPRIETARY NOTICE

These slides are proprietary material belonging to LYDIA X. Z. BROWN. You may not make this material available to the general public (including online) or share any portion of this material without attribution. This document may be shared with attendees of NACDD 2017 only. To request permission to use these slides or portions of them for any other reason, you may contact me at [email protected]. Please also email me or have someone you know email me if this document is inaccessible to you in any way.

ACCESS NOTE

Please use this space as you need or prefer.

Sit in chairs or on the floor, pace, lie on the floor, rock, flap, spin, move around, step in and out of the room. CONTENT/TRIGGER WARNING

I will talk about trauma, abuse, violence, and murder of disabled people, as well as forced treatment and institutions, and other acts of violence, including sexual violence.

Please feel free to step out of the room at any time if you need to.

ASIAN, QUEER, CRIP BEYOND CULTURAL COMPETENCE AND ALLYSHIP; BECOMING ACCOMPLICES FOR JUSTICE

National Association of Councils LYDIA X. Z. BROWN on Developmental Disabilities Technical Assistance Institute @ AutisticHoya 12 July 2017 WAYS OF THINKING ABOUT DISABILITY

Disability is special barrier to overcome for benefit of others Inspiration Charity Disability is tragic object of pity

Disability is moral failure and Moral Medical Disability is a health problem laziness / punishment for sin requiring treatment/cure

Disability is a social construct, Social Diversity Disability is natural and normal doesn’t exist in nature

PATHOLOGY PARADIGM The One Normal Disability is Defect

DIVERSITY PARADIGM Many Ways of Being Disability is Natural

DISABLEMENT (PRODUCT & PROCESS) Society & Culture Biology & Neurology DEFINING ABLEISM

An entire system of thinking and doing that hurts disabled people.

Ableism is a form of structural oppression.

UNDERSTANDING OPPRESSION

Systematic disenfranchisement of a particular group as a result of the power belonging to a privileged group.

Oppression = prejudice + systems of power ABLEISM WORKS ACROSS SYSTEMS SIZEISM SETTLER-COLONIALISM (FAT-ANTAGONISM) HETEROSEXISM ABLEISM CLASSISM & PATRIARCHY CAPITALISM DISABLISM SANISM LOOKSISM ABLEISM MENTALISM VIDISM (TRANS)MISOGYNY RACISM & WHITE SUPREMACY AUDISM HEALTHISM AGEISM & COLORISM ADULTISM NEUROTYPICALISM

“our minds work fine” poverty as “but we’re high-functioning” DISAVOWAL stupidity, laziness

asexuality as homelessness sickness as mental illness

deformity as abusers, murderers, rapists, universal marginality of disability mental retardation, cultists, terrorists as mentally ill crippled bodies queer & trans people of experience as color as mental illness, psychotic, social oppositional deviance defiant

women as neurotic, presumption of disabled hysterical oppressive behavior, ideas, speech incompetence, incapacity, pathology as crazy, psycho, dumb, stupid Police Medical Financial Brutality & Seclusion Restraint Aversives Neglect & Exploitation Mass Hate Crimes Abuse Incarceration

Rape & Compliance Indistinguishability Sexual Family Abuse and Filicide Institutions Philosophy Violence

ENDEMIC VIOLENCE AND ABUSE

FEARS OF PERVERSE REPRODUCTION • Desexualization • Denied parenting right • Infantilization (birth/adoption) • Physical • Paternalism barriers • Gender affirming • Incarceration treatment Denied contingency Sexual Forced Agency Sterilization

Presumptive “Corrective” Victimhood Rape

• Presumed • Intervention incompetent for pathology • Experiential • Sexual knowledge normativity questioned Zero tolerance policies Fear and hate in Restraint & Protective custody media and policy seclusion Health neglect in / Solitary jails and prisons confinement ABLEISM Ableism and racism School-to-prison in society IN CRIMINAL pipeline (IN)JUSTICE Psychiatric Retraumatization in institutions and jails and prisons quasi-incarceration Hate crimes & abuse Police brutality

Mass incarceration UNRULY Chattel slavery BODIES

California Compliance Rehabilitation Convict The prisoner leasing asylum training discourse sterilizations

Fernald War Black Tuskegee Buck v. Henrietta radiation Judge Productivity Rotenberg on Lives as worth syphilis Bell Lacks experime Center nts drugs Matter

Photo by Taylor C. Hall. White person, Shain Neumeier, and east Asian person, Lydia Brown, protesting Judge Rotenberg Center’s electric shock torture. Signs : 1) Stop the Shocks, 2) People Not Experiments, 3) Shocked for … [list of minor behaviors like getting up without permission] Ban the GED [graduated electronic decelerator]. Photo: A group of many people with various disabilities, of various races, genders, and ages, though most are 20's and 30's. Lydia is wearing a shirt with the power fist that says, The Whole Damn System Is Guilty As Hell. July 2016.

FROM RIGHTS TO JUSTICE

laws / enforcement society / culture public policy community alternatives nonprofit orgs harm reduction

Rights state action healing Justice academia intersectional institutional research macro-change individual-focused collective power ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS Abla Abdelhadi, A.J. Withers, Alexis Toliver, Alice Wong, Alison Kafer, Alok Vaid-Menon, Amy Sequenzia, Angela Carter, Angela Y. Davis, Ari Ne‘eman, Arthur Shapiro, Arundhati Roy, Assata Shakur, Ashleigh Shackelford, Aurora Levins Morales, bell hooks, Cara Page, Chanda Hsu Prescod-Weinstein, Che Gossett, Chris Bell, Christine Miserandino, Cyrée Jarelle Johnson, Douglas Biklen, Edward Ndopu, Eli Clare, Finn Gardiner, Giselle Dias, Janani Bala, Jay Dolmage, Jim Sinclair, Jina B. Kim, Joan Ruzsa, Joe Kadi, Johanna Hedva, Julia Sanders, Kaijaii Gomez Wick, Karen Nakamura, Kassiane A. Sibley, Kat Yang Stevens, Kathleen Nicole O’Neal, Kay Ulanday Barrett, Kerima Çevik, kiran foster, Ki’tay D. Davidson, Kiese Laymon, Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, Kylie Marie Brooks, Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha, Lee Lyubov, Leroy F. Moore, Jr., Liat Ben-Moshe, Margaret Price, Mariama Lockington, Mel Baggs, Melanie Yergeau, Mia Mingus, Mimi Khúc, Morénike Giwa Onaiwu, Nai Damato, Najma (Stephanie D. Johnson), Natalia M. Rivera Morales, Nechama Sammet-Moring, Ngọc Loan Trần, Nick Walker, Nirmala Erevelles, Nora Baladerian, Omoróse Añyá, Pat A. Bidol-Padva, Patricia Berne, Paula C. Durbin-Westby, Porpentine Charity Heartscape, Ragen Chastain, Robert McRuer, Rosemarie Garland-Thompson, s.e. smith, Sami Schalk, Shain Mahaffey Neumeier, Shak’ar Mujukian, Simi Linton, Sparrow Rose Jones, Stacey Patton, Stephanie Kerschbaum, Susan Baglieri , Susan M. Schweik, Stella Young, Syrus Ware, Talila “TL” A. Lewis, Tom Shakespeare, Victoria M. Rodríguez-Roldán, Vilissa K. Thompson, Vu Le CONTACT

[email protected] www.autistichoya.com (blog) www.autistichoya.net (portfolio) www.facebook.com/autistic.hoya Twitter: @AutisticHoya

Slides are intellectual property of Lydia X. Z. Brown | Autistic Hoya and may only be shared with permission.

PEDRO RAMOS-ZAYAS Member, Puerto Rico Council on Developmental Disabilities

ITACC: 2017 AIDD Technical Assistance Institute 2017 Technical Assistance Institute Salt Lake City, UT

July 12, 2017

Frameworks for Achieving Cultural and Linguistic Competence in Developmental Disabilities Councils Tawara D. Goode

July 12, 2017 OBJECTIVES

Participants will: 1. Define culture and describe its multiple dimensions including intersecting identities experienced by individuals with developmental disabilities. 2. Describe a conceptual framework for cultural competence and its implications for the core functions of Developmental Disabilities Councils. 3. Define linguistic competence and legal mandates to ensure language access for federally funded programs.

We can’t really talk about cultural competence without first having a solid understanding of …

. Culture is what we learn about ourselves and others from the time when we are born.

. Culture includes how we think, talk, believe, interact, behave with others.

. Many times we think about and only see our culture. It may be hard for us to see things the way another person may see or experience them.

. Culture is dynamic some things within a culture remain the same (traditions, rituals, practices) while others are constantly changing.

We all have many cultural identities. For example you may identify as a: self‐advocate, counselor, brother, painter, parent, nurse, teacher, or singer. Intersectionality

People have cultures and so do organizations. Think about DD Councils, what they do, how members work together, what policies and rules they follow, how meetings are conducted, and how funds are spent. This is called organizational culture.

Cultural Factors That Influence Diversity Among Individuals and Groups Internal Factors Cultural/Racial/Ethnic Identity Health & Mental Health Literacy Tribal Affiliation/Clan Beliefs about Disability or Mental Nationality Health Acculturation/Assimilation Lived Experience of Disability or Socioeconomic Status/Class Education Mental Illness Language Age & Life Cycle Issues Literacy Gender, Gender Identity & Family Constellation Expression Social History Sexual Orientation Military Status Religion & Spiritual Views Perception of Time Spatial & Regional Patterns Health Beliefs & Practices Political Orientation/Affiliation

Adapted with permission from James Mason, Ph.D., NCCC Senior Consultant Slide Source:© 2017 ‐ Georgetown University National Center for Cultural Competence VIEWS ON DISABILITY & RACIAL AND ETHNIC IDENTITY

Some people do not think that their disability defines who they are and view disability as only one aspect of their identity.

Some people mostly identify with their: . race or ethnicity . disability

Everyone does not experience and express disability, race, and ethnicity the same way.

SOURCE: Gill, C. & Cross, W. (2010). Disability Identity and Racial‐Cultural Identity Development: Points of Convergence, Divergence and Interplay. In F. Balcazar, Y. Suarez‐Balcazar, T. Taylor‐Ritzler, & C. Keys (Eds.), Race, Culture, and Disability: Rehabilitation Science and Practice. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers

Now that we have defined culture, and explored its multiple dimensions, let’s spend time discussing what is:

. cultural competence

. linguistic competence

… means that Councils Cultural competence Policies requires that . have to look at their organizations have a policies, clearly defined, . the work that they do, congruent set of values Attitudes Structures . who their members are, and principles, and Cultural demonstrate behaviors, Competence . and how to make sure that attitudes, policies, they are representative, inclusive, and welcoming structures, and practices to all people no matter that enable them to Behaviors Practices race, ethnicity, culture, work effectively cross‐ gender, sexual orientation, culturally. languages spoken, and other attributes of cultural (adapted from Cross, Bazron, Dennis & Isaacs, diversity. 1989.

Five Elements of Cultural Competence INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

1 acknowledge cultural differences

2 understand your own culture

3 engage in self‐assessment

4 acquire cultural knowledge & skills

5 view behavior within a cultural context

•value diversity 1

• conduct self‐assessment 2

• manage the dynamics of difference 3

• institutionalize/embed cultural knowledge 4

• adapt to diversity (values, polices, structures & services) 5

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN A CULTURALLY COMPETENT SYSTEM

These five elements must be manifested at every level of an organization or system including:

policy making

administration

practice & service delivery

individuals, self-advocates, families

community

and reflected in its attitudes, structures, policies, practices, and services.

Slide Source:© 2017 ‐ Georgetown University National Center for Cultural Competence Adapted from Cross, Bazron, Dennis, & Isaacs, 1989 Slide Source:© 2011 ‐ National Center for Cultural Competence Linguistic Competence Means…

Councils have to make sure that they can communicate effectively with all of its members and the people they serve, support, partner, and advocate with and on behalf of. Councils have to plan for and have ways to do it. That Councils can help people who: (1) speak languages other than English; (2) have trouble reading or cannot read; (3) use sign language and may need an interpreter; or (4) have other communication needs. Councils have to follow the laws about making sure people who speak languages other than English can: (1) access meetings and other forms of written and verbal communication; (2) benefit from funded projects.

CLC KEY CONSIDERATIONS CORE FUNCTIONS: What we do HUMAN RESOURCES & STAFF DEVELOPMENT: Who we are

COLLABORATION & COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: Who are partners are FISCAL RESOURCES & ALLOCATION: Where the money goes

CONTRACTS: Whom we trust to deliver services and supports

. Membership . State Plan . Grants . Advocacy, Self‐Advocacy & Capacity Building

Georgetown University National Center for Cultural Competence http://nccc.georgetown.edu [email protected]

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