Green Retrofit Why You Should Consider It, What It Means, and How to Get It Done Table of Contents

Green Retrofit Why you should consider it, what it means, and how to get it done Table of Contents

 What is green retrofit and green rehab

 Fundamental Principals

 Why the Demand?

 Why it is important  A macro view of Energy needs, environmental impact of development and the future of energy for multifamily buildings  This is good for the environment and will save you Money Table of Contents

 Green Building Standards  LEED  Energy Star  Enterprise Green Communities Criteria  Passive House

 The Green Refit Process

 Green Repairs absent Certification and Green Audit

 Resources What is Green Building

 Green Building (also known as green construction or sustainable building) expands and complements the building design concerns of economy, utility, durability and comfort  Green Buildings are designed to reduce the overall impact on human health and the natural environment by:

 Using energy, water and other resources more efficiently.

 Reducing waste, pollution, and environmental degradation. Fundamental Principles

 Structure design efficiency (secure the building envelope)

 Energy Efficiency

 Water Efficiency

 Materials Efficiency Fundamental Principles

 Protection of health and indoor environmental quality

 Reinforcement of natural systems

 Waste and toxic reduction Why the Demand?

 Unprecedented level of government initiatives

 Heightened residential demand for green construction

 Improvements in sustainable materials

 A unique way to improve building efficiency and lower expenses

 Availability of subsidies and financing

Source: Facility Management Institute 2008 U.S. Construction Overview Environmental Impact Macro View Environmental Impact Macro View

Global Energy and Climate

 Portion of U.S. annual energy use created by the combustion of fossil fuels: 82 percent

 U.S. contribution of global greenhouse gas emissions: about 16 percent

 U.S. population relative to the world: 4.4 percent

 Amount greenhouse gas emissions have increased between 1970 and 2004: 70 percent

 Period of time in which the 10 hottest years on record have occurred: 1998 to 2015 Global Energy and Climate

 Combined number of commercial buildings and industrial facilities in the United States: nearly 6 million

 Number of U.S. commercial buildings: 5.6 million

 Number of U.S. industrial facilities: 346,000

 Combined annual energy costs for U.S. commercial buildings and industrial facilities: $400 billion

 Portion of energy in buildings used inefficiently or unnecessarily: 30 percent Global Energy and Climate

 U.S. greenhouse gas emissions generated by commercial buildings: 16 percent

 If the energy efficiency of commercial and industrial buildings improved by 10 percent, the collected savings would be:  Amount of money: $40 billion  Amount of greenhouse gas emissions prevented: equal to the emissions from about 49 million vehicles – or about 19 percent of all registered highway vehicles in the United States. Table of Contents (cont)

 Green Repairs Why Go Green?

Going Green is the right thing:

 reduce carbon consumption,

 energy independence,

 encourage community,

 preserve natural systems Why Green is good for you?

 Improve the health of members by improving air quality and removing toxins.

 More durable

 More energy efficient

 Lower utility bills, improves property cash flow

 Studies have shown that green buildings have higher occupancy and therefore higher incomes. Green Building Occupants Are Healthier & More Productive

 In the U.S., people spend on average 90% or more of their time indoors*  Indoor pollutant levels may be 2 – 5 times higher than outdoor levels  EPA ranks poor Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in the top 5 health risks**  Costs to Americans estimated at:  $1.5 billion in medical bills  Tens of billions in lost productivity & absenteeism  LEED certified project case studies illustrate 2 - 16 % increased worker and student productivity

* ** One Size does not fit all Green Building Standards

 Green Building standards include:  Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)

 Energy Star

 Enterprise Green Communities

 Passive House Green Building Standards

 “Metrics” for such “green” benefits are articulated and certified by LEED, Enteprise Green Communities, Passive House or other organizations  Green standards measure different environmental qualities of buildings  Each has a different emphasis and purpose LEED

 LEED – Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design  Administered by the U. S. Green Building Council

 Voluntary, consensus-based system LEED

An analytical basis for point allocation. An extensible analytical foundation to address new issues and new green building strategies. LEED Certification Scorecard Breakdown

Indoor Environmental Sustainable Sites Quality 21% Materials & 17% Resources Water Efficiency 14% 11%

Energy & Atmosphere 37%

Total : 100 points

Sources: “LEED-NC (V2.2) Point Breakdown”. siemon.com/us/white_paper Drawbacks to LEED

 LEED has been criticized :  Focus is not on key factors in current climate change crisis – CO2 and energy  Looks only at prescriptive design, not measurable performance  Favors bells and whistles, not basic good design  Too complicated, bureaucratic and expensive Energy Star

 A program of the US Environmental Protection Agency

 Focuses on energy consumption

 Different tools for residential and commercial buildings Energy Star -- Residential

 Home Energy Rating System (HERS) Index established by the Residential Energy Services Network (http://www.natresnet.org/).  Home meeting the 2006 International Energy Conservation Code scores “100” and a net zero energy home scores “0”.  Each 1-point decrease in the HERS Index corresponds to a 1% reduction in energy consumption compared to the HERS Reference Home.  To qualify for Energy Star, a home in Washington State (Climate Zones 4, 5 or 6) must achieve a HERS Index score of 85 or lower. Energy Star - Commercial

 “National Energy Performance Rating System” -- scale of 1-100.  A building that scores 75 or above on this scale (placing its energy performance among the top 25 percent among similar buildings nationwide) can earn an Energy Star label.  Energy Star also offers an energy management tool, Portfolio Manager, on the energystar.gov web site. Enterprise Green Communites Criteria

 Enterprise is a national affordable housing organization that provides technical assistance, loans and other products to the multi-family housing industry  Criteria was established in consultation with some of the nation's leading environmental, public health and green building experts. This green building framework is the first in the nation to address the unique needs of the affordable housing sector. Enterprise Green Communities Criteria Passive House Institute

 Passive House Institute US, Inc. (PHIUS) is a non- profit 501(c)(3) organization committed to making high-performance passive building the mainstream market standard.

 PHIUS released the PHIUS+2015 Passive Building Standard in March of 2015, the only passive building standard on the market based upon climate-specific comfort and performance criteria, and the only passive building standard that requires onsite QA/QC for certification. Passive House Institute

 Developed in cooperation with Building Science Corporation under a US Department of Energy (DOE) grant, the PHIUS+2015 standard targets the sweet spot between investment and payback to present an affordable solution to achieving the most comfortable and cost-effective building possible and the best path for achieving zero energy and carbon Passive House Institute

 Buildings designed and built to this standard perform 60-85% better (depending on climate zone and building type) on an energy consumption basis when compared to a code compliant building.

 Additional cost associated with building a new multifamily or rehabbing multifamily typically range between 0% and 1%. Passive House Principles

 Continuous insulation, no thermal bridges.

 Air-tight construction

 Optimized window performance and solar gain

 Balanced heat/moisture recovery ventilation

 Minimized mechanical system Passive House – additonal considerations

 Use of Solar heating and electric

 Consideration of Source Energy issues Environmental Impact Macro View Passive House and future energy needs Passive House and future energy needs Passive House and future energy needs Passive House Passive House vs. Typical House Where the money goes… Passive House – Air tight envelope/Insulation Passive House – Air tight envelope/Insulation High Performance Windows Centralized Ventilation Ventilation Heat Recovery Efficient Equipment Passive House Solar Gains Source Energy Passive House Performance The Green Retrofit Process

Decide to explore Manage contractor green work to ensure Select Contractors rehab quality, schedule •Schedule Energy Audit and budget

Find the Money! Send bids to Grants, Rebates, Close out contractors Financing

Find Contractors Develop detailed Track Results to who can do the specifications for make sure rehab met work bids expectations

Compile options Finalize Scope of into a plan that fits work and budget your needs Energy Audit and Assessment

The Energy Audit will:

 Establish a building baseline

 Define capital expenditure to best enhance operations and complete green rehab

 Examine incentives potential

 Anticipate legislation and regulation Energy Audit and Assessment

The Energy audit involves the following:

 Site visit, building walk through

 Benchmarking current performance

 ASHRAE Level 1 Audit

 Environmental Comfort Analysis

 Comprehensive report with cost analysis Categories of Concern for Energy Audit

 Building Exterior and Site

 Water Efficiency

 Energy and Atmosphere

 Materials and Resources

 Indoor Environmental Air Quality Building Exterior and Site

Review of building exterior and site may include:

 Low Impact Site Management

 Transportation Management

 Landscaping and Water Conservation

 Storm-water Management

 Heat Island Reduction

 Light Pollution Water Efficiency

Goal of audit is to reduce water needed by the building and reduce burden on municipal water supply and treatment facility:

 Examine Plumbing Fixture and Fittings

 Leak Management

 Water Use Measurement

 Water Reuse/Rainwater collection Water Efficiency-Typical use

% of Use 30

15 % of Use 10

0 Toilet Clothes Shower Faucet Leaks Other Energy and Atmosphere

Goals of Energy Audit:  Establish energy efficiency and system performance  Define management best practices  Optimize energy efficiency  Encourage renewable and alternative energy sources  Support environmental protocols, improve air quality and health Green Retrofit

 Additional slides included in actual presentation were removed due to the upload capacity of the NAHC APP. These slides will be included in the actual presentation at the conference.