E-255 VOL.6 Public Disclosure Authorized NATIONAL HIGHWAYS PROJECT IV IN PROVMCE ENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENT AND ACTION PLAN SUMMARY

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HIUBEI PROVINCIAL COMMUNICAT[ONSDEPARTMENT

Feb. 19 Public Disclosure Authorized CONTENM

A. BACKGROUND...... (1) B. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONOF THE PROJECT ...... (3) C. BASELINEENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION ...... (4) D. POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATIONMEASURES ...... (11) E. ALTERNATIVESCHEES ...... (17) F. INVESTMENTFOR ENVIRONMENTALPROTECrION ...... (18) G. ENVIRONMENTALMONITORING AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ...... (19) a. ENVIRONMENTALMONITORING ...... (19) b. INSrITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT...... (20) H. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... (22) 1. CONCLUSION ...... (24) Appendix I. The EIA Standards...... (25) Appendix I. The Key Elementsof the EAP for the NationalHighway Project IV and the Other Roads in Hubei Province...... (28) Appendix Map 1-2 Sketch Map of the Route Alignmentof National Highway Project IV in Hubei Province and the Environmental MonitoringSpots AppendixMap 3 Sketch Map of Alignmentand EnvironmentalMonitoring Spots for Tongshan-Chongyang-Puqi Highway of National Highway Project IV in Hubei Province Appendix Map 4 Sketch Map of Alignmentand EnvironmentalMonitoring Spots for Dawu^Hong'anHighway of NationalHighway Project IV in Hubei Province A. BACKGROUND

1. The NationalHighways Project IV consistsof the followingthree parts:

(1) The HubeiNational Highways Project IV Expressway- Jing- Zhu NationalTrunk Line in the southernpart of Hubeiand its linkingroads;

(2) The otherroad of the NationalHighways Project IV- Class I Tongshang-Chongyang-Puqi Highway;

(3) The other road of the National Highways Project IV- Class I Dawu-Hong'an Highway.

The EIA of the abovementioned three roads projects were conducted by Xi'an HighwayTransportation Universyty. In June, 1994, the outline of the EIA for HubeiNational Highways Project IV and its linkingroads was carriedout by Xi'anHighway Transportation University, and in July in the sameyear, theywere reviewedand approvedby the National EnvironmentalProtection Agency (NEPA). In Octobe,1996, the EIA and EAP for HubeiNational Highways Project l Expressway( XianningScheme I was acceptedas the recommendedalignment ) were worked out and submittedto theWorld Bank.The EIA and EAP were reviewed by the expertsfrom theWorld Bank duringthe preparationmission in Nov. 1997 and discussedwith Hubei PrivincialCommunications Department, Hubei WorldBank Project Office, Hubei Provincial High- class Highway AdministrativeBureau, Hubei ProvincialCommunication Planning and DesignInstitute. To meet the requirementntsof the World Bank, the EIA and EAP of the HubeiNational Highways Project IV Expressway ( XianningScheme I as the recommentedscheme ) and its linking roads and the otherhighways of the HubeiNatinal Highways Project IV ( class I Tongshan-Chongyang-PuqiHighway and class I Dawu-Hong'anHighway) of total six documentswere completedand submittedto the World Bank in Mar.1998. In July 1998, thesedocuments were revisedaccording to the commentsof the WorldBank expertand submittedto the WorldBank. In Feb. of 1999,according to the requirementsof the World Bank in the November1998 and January1999 Aide Memoireon Environment, the editionof EIA and EAP are completedbased on the formerones. THe EIAs of NationalHighway Project IV in Hubeu Province in Chinese versionhave been approved by the State EnyironmentalProtection Agencyin Sep. 1998.

2. The processof environmentalreview Involved inputs from various _. _~~~~~~~~~~ 1,EsGEND rA >1 Figure LOCATIONOF THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY I PROJECT IN HUBEI ,ov,,,tal s - PROVINCE OF THE BEIJING-2MUEAI NATIONAL TRUNK HIGHWAY me[s city P!efeCtwralCity o (1:1750000) Coit 0rfcCt3-i 't t

Township ______

Railway ______The Location of Hubei Province d . Henan Province

1 1 12Hi-way . < _ | 9. fj8 |Nationalfih buy Project m.'g iA I Previnc Provincial

HubeiProvince

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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NainlHgwyPoetIVin Ibe institutionsin HubeiProvince, including Hubei Environment Protection Bureau,Environment Protection Bureau of Prefectureand EnvironmentProtection Bureau of XiaogangPrefecture and the environmentalmonitoring stations and the meteorologicalbureaus of the two prefetures.The affectedgroups and NGOs along the the highways, and the people,subject to resettlementand land acquisitionin particular,have been consulted.

3. The policy and administrativerequirements for environmental assessmentof developmentprojects in China were followed during preparationand evaluationof the EIA, as well as theWorld Bank's 00 4. 01 on the EnvironmentalAssessment. The criteria of EIA for Hubei NationalHighways Project TV are listed in Annex I. The major regulationsto followare as follws:

EnvironmentalProtection Act of the PRC. December26,1989;

AtmosphericPollution Control Act of thePRC. May, 1996;

Land ManagementAct.June 25,1986;

EnvironmentalNoise Control Regulations of the PRC. September,1989;

ManagementGuidelines on EnvironmentalProtection of Construction Project,Number 003 (86),issued by the National Environmental ProtectionAgency (NEPA). March 26, 1986;

Water Act of thePRC. Junuary21, 1988;

Waterand Soil ConservationAct of thePRC. June 29,1991;

RiverChannel Management Regulations of thePRC. June 10, 1986;

Detailed Implementationon EnvironmentalProtection of ConstructionProject, Number 002 ( 87) , Hubei Province EnvironmentalProtection Bureau;

PollutionControl Guidelines for Drinking Water Sources, Number 201 (89) , HubeiProvince Environmental Protection Bureau;

SafetyManagement Regulations for DangerousChemicals. February, 1987

TemporaryProvisions for Report of EnvironmentalPollution and

2 DestructiveAccidends. September 10, 1987;

ManagementGuidelines on EnvironmentalProtection of Communication Project, issuedby the minister of the MOC (89),

ManagementGuidelines on EnvironmentalProtection of Construction Project in Hubei Province,Number 113 (1993) Er Huan Guan, Oct. (1993);

CompletionAcceptance Guidelines on Environmental Protection of ConstructionProject in Hubei Province,Number 113 (1993),Oct.1993.

4. The Scope and Criteriafor the EIA are presentedas below:

(a) AssessmentScope The assessmentof ecologcalenvironment covers 500 m on both sides of the proposed road, while that of water environmentcovers 1000 m on both sides that can accept the drainage from the highways. And the scope of noise and culturalheritage covers areas within 200 m on both sides of the planned road with some extent at sensitivespots.

(b) The followingstandards are applied as the criteriafor the EIA: (1) Noise: Class 4 Noise Standards(Noise Standards in Urban Areas)for residentialareas, Class 1 Noise Standardsfor schools and hospitalsGB 3096-93.See Annex Table 1-1. (2) Ambientair: Class 2 air quality standards GB 3095- 1996. See Annex Table 1-2. (3) Water quality:Class 3 surfasewater quality standards GB 3095-1996.See Annex Table 1-3.For sewage drainageat highway survice areas and toll stations "Waste Water Discharge General Standards" (GB8978-1996)and "FarmlandIrrigation Water Sdandards( GB 508- 92) are applied respectively.See Annex Tables 1-4 and 1-5. (4) Ecologicalenvironment: Class 2 Soil Standards(GB 15618-1995) and Food Lead ContentLimit Standards (GB14935-940.See Annex Tables 1 -6 and 1-7.

(c) Consideringthe project features and constructioncycle, the base years for the EIA were decided to be 1999, 9 to 2003, 2 (constructionphase), 2002 for initialstage prediction,2012 for mid -term predictionand 2022 for long-termprediction.

B. BREEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECU

3 5. 'he HubeiSection of the NationalHighways Project TV includes: (a) HubeiNational Highways Project IV Expressway- The southern sectionof Jing-ZhuNational Trunk Highwayin Hubei covers109.815 km with a designspeed of 120 km per hour. X (b) Four linkingroads of HubeiNational Highways Project IV are: MaanshanLinking Road with a lengthof 1.7 km, ZhanggongLinking Road with a lengthof 9.5 km, GantangLinking Road with a lengthof 7.1 km and lastQuankou Linking Road with a lengthof 9. 4 km. The total mileageof the four is 21.55 k with designspeed of 80 km per hour. (c) The otherroads of HubeiNational Highways Project rv -- Class I Road Tongshan-Chongyang-Puqicovering a distanceof 95.245km with a designspeed of 80 or 40 km per hour. (d) The otherroads of Hubei NationalHighways Project IV- Class I Road Dawu-Hong'anwith a total lengthof 68.959km and a design of 80 or 40 km per hour. * C. BASELINE ENVIMONMENTAL DESCRIPTION 6. Terrainand Topography (a) HubeiNational Highways Project TV Expressway- The southern sectionof Jing-ZhuNational Trunk Line in Hubeiand its linkingroads are locatedon the southbank of the middle reaches of the River Yangztsin the southernpart of Hubei.The areas through which the proposedhighway passes are characterizedby low hills and rolling areas on the edgeof the HanjiangPlain. The generalterrain rises fron northwestto southwest.The westernpart, locatedon the edge of the JianghanPlain , is of alluviallake topographywith an attitude of below 50 m and levelland with plentyof lakes.While the middle part is a rise regionon the plainwith an attitudeof less than 200 m. Among the mountains there are alluvial stream flat lands. The southeasternpart belongsto the northslope of Fumu Montainsbelonging to middle-lowmountainous topography with faulty structuralbasins betweenvalleys. (b) The otherroad namely Tongshan-Chongyang- Puqi of the Hubei NationalHighways Project IV lies in the southern part of Hubei Province.The threecounties/cities of Tongshan,Chongyang and Puqi are situatedin the low hillyareas. Among the mountainsare located hillsand basinsalternately. Between valleys there are nets of rivers and streamswhich meet at Fushuiand Lushuifrom south,west and north and thenfall into the River of . (c) The otherroad namelyClass I Dawu-Hong'anRoad of the Hubei NationalHighways Project IV lies in the northern part of Hubei Province.Dawu County's topography consists of lowmountains, rolling hillsand highlandsbasically. The terrainof Hong'an,however, rises from north to south,characterized by hills.

4 7. Climate

(a) The projectarea belongsto tropicalcontinental monsoon wet climateof the middle-lowlatitude. It has clearly-divided four seasonswith longfrost-free periods and plenty sunshine. The mean annualtemperature of the project-locatedarea is 15-15.1'C. The frost -freeperiod of the year is 230-260days. There are plentyof rain in the studyarea with an annualprecipitation of 1100-1450 mm focused mainlyin April-Octoberwhich makes up 84-88%of the whole rainfall often leadingto floods.The rainfalltends increasing from the north to the south.At Jiangxia,Xianning and Puqi northwind, southeastwind and northeastwind prevailrespctively with a frequencyof leadingwind directionsof 11%, 10% and 10% individually. (b) The otherroad of the HubeiNational Highways Project IV, i.e. Tongshan-Chongyang-PuqiHighway is locatedon the south bank of the middlereaches of the YangtzeRiver.It belongs to the continentalsub -tropicalmonsoon wet climatewith four clearly-dividedseasons and a longfrost-free period and plentyof water resources.The area through which the alignmentpasses has an annualaverage temperature of 16.1-16. 3 'C. Frost-freeperiod is 141 days.The averageannual rainfall is 1100 -1563mm concentratedmainly in April-Octoberaccounting for 84-88% of the wholeyear's rainfallwhich causes floods sometimes.Tongshan Countyis locatedbetween mountains in both south and north.The leadingwind directionis east-west,while in ChongyangCounty the prevailingwind directionis north

(c) The other road of the HubeiNational Highways Project TV, i.e. Dawu-Hong'anClaas X Highway is located at middle-low attitude belongingto sub-tropicalcontinental monsoon climate. In the winter, the weatheris affectedby cold air mass,and in the summer, it is controlledby SE and SW monsoon.It is cold and dry in the winter and hot and wet in the summer.The climate is characterizedby clearly -dividedfour seasons,long frost-free period, plentiful sunshineand heat and water resources.The averagefrost-free period is 240 days, while the rainfallis 1021-1154mm with an averageannual temperature of 15.7 'C. In Dawu Countythe prevailingwind direction is north ( wind directionNNE with a frequencyof 25%).The climate of Hong'an Countyis similarto thatof Dawu.The wind directionis mainlyN year round(wind direction N with a frequencyof 24%).

8. Hydrology

The areaswhere there is the HubeiNational Highways Project IV

5 (a)-Thearea of the expresswayof the Hubei National Highways ProjectTV has developedsurface water resulted from lotsof riversand lakes.ihe riversand lakesthere are: Ganhe,Dingsihe, Lushuihe, Luhu Futouhuand Xilianghuwith plentyof surfacerun-off and Athroughflow. The Gan Riveroriginates on the slopeof Damu Mountainin .It flowsinto FutouLake via Paishansi,Baishaqiao, Wenquan, Rongan,Zitang and Yaozu.The totallength of the riveris 73.6 km with an averageflow of 16.6m 3 /s. The minimumaverage flow is in January beingonly 5.1 elss,while the maximumflow is in Junebeing 352 m3/s. The JinshuiRiver originatesin the Damu Mountainsof Tongshan County.It flowsinto the YangtzeRiver from southeastto northwestvia Tongshan,Xianning, three townships of JingxiaCounty. The totallength of the riveris 144 km with an area of 2.359 km of basin. It also acceptsthe waterfrom XiliangLake and FutouLake. The width of the river is 30-60m with a depthof 1.5 m. The flow variesgreately with a maximumone of 370 m3/s duringflood, the annualaverage flow is 56 1 mW/s. The TingsiRiver flows throughwest of XianningCity, originating on the southslope of BanshenHills. It flows through Niejiagang, Chiganggang,Xiwangang,and it comes into the Xiling Lake at Junshan Villageof GantangTonwship. It coversa lengthof 27.6 km , and the averagedepth of the riveris 0.5 m with a averageflow of 2 m3/s. Both The XiliangLake and FutouLake are of naturaland fresh water lakesconnected to the ChangjiangRiver. Originally, the two lakesused to be one waterbody. Owing to the drop of the water level, Gantang Land appeared,which divided these two lakes called Futou Lake and XiliangLake. The rain bearingarea of FutouLake is 1,238km' with a normalwater area of 324,000mu and a mean depthof 4 meters. The widthfrom east to west is 9 km and the lengthfrom southto north is 18 km. The highestwater levelis 23.9 m and the lowestone is 19.11 m. The rain bearingarea of XiliangLake is 827 km2. The waterarea duringthe normal water level(22.5m) is 120,000mu with a relevant capacityof 3.12hundred million m 3. The averagedepth is 4 meters.

(b) The other road of the HubeiNatinal Highways Project IV i.e. Tongshan-Chongyan-Puqiclass I highwayis locatedin the area where thereare plentyof developedsurface water systems.The two related river systemsinvolved in the constructionare Fushuiand Lushuirivers. The main FushuiRiver startson the north slope of Sanjiejiang Mountainrunning into theYangtze River throughTongshan and Yangxin Countieswith upperreaches going throughXiapu.The total length is 2 71 km with a valleyof 571 km . The Tongshan River is a major tributaryof the FushuiRiver, originatingon the east.slope of DongyanfMountain and it flowsfrom east to west running into the

6 FushuiRiver via Nanlin, Shilong, Gangban, Dalu, Tongyang and Tangjiadietc. The lengthof the riveris 35.1 km with a basin of 264 JM2. The LushuiRiver riseson the north slopeof MufuMoOntain on the borderbetween Hubei, Hunan and JiangxiProvinces. It flo'wsinto the YangtzeRiver at Hongniaovia Tongcheng,Chongyang, Puqi and Jiayu Countiesand/or Cities. The totallength is 208 km with a maximumrate of flow of 2,900m 8/s and a minimumrate of only 0.11 m8/s.

(c) The surfacewater regimes of the other road , namely Dawu -Hong'anclass I highwayconsists of the HuanshuiRiver, Sheshui River and DaoshuiRiver with all belongingto the YangtzeRiver System. The riversthat may be affectedby the alignmentare the SheshuiRiver and Huanshuitributary. The HuanshuiRiver rises in the GuangtouMountain of Dawu County passingthrouth the wholeDawu County,Xiaochang and Xiaonanto flow into the Pu Riverat Wuolongtanof Xiaoganand then into the Yangtze River.The runningdistance of HuanshuiRiver is 133 km with a valley of 3,456 km2. The widthof the riverbody is 159-552 m and the widthof the waterbodies 129.551 m. The max. depthof the water7.3 m and the max. speed is 3.57 m/s. The ShieshuiRiver rises on the southslope of Dabie Mountain, namelythe southslope of SanjiaoMount on the border between Hubei and Henan. It runs fromnorth to southto meet the YangtzeRiver via ShizichongReservoir, Liuwangcheng and Zoujiadian.The total.lengthof the SheshuiRiver is 127.6 km with a basin of 2,174.5 km2. The DaoshuiRiver riseson the southslope of DabieMountains the upper reachesof whichare made up of many tributaries. It passes throughXin Countyand Hong'anCounty of HenanProvince, and it runs into the YangtzeRiver at XinzhouCounty. The totallength covers 163.3 km with a valleyof 1,793 km2.

9. Socio-economicSituation

(a) The Hubei NationalHighways Project TV Expresswayis situatedin the southernHubei. The areas directly affected by the plannedalignment are JiangxiaDistrict of Wuhan(2, 008. 98 km 2 ) , XianningCity (1,501.6 km2 ) and Puqi City (1,723 km2). The whole area affectedis providedwith fairlygood transportationmeans, and the economicallevel is in the middlein HubeiProvince. The populationin 1996 in JiangxiaDistrict, Xiannning City and Puqi City was 6. 346 million,5.245 millionand 5.013 millionrespectively. The GNP per capitain theseareas was 4,727 yuan, 4, 520 yuan and 6, 252 yuan

7 individuaily.Education and health care can meet needs of the local people. (b) Tongshan-Chongyang-PuqiClass I Highway is located in the southeasternHubei. The areas affectedby the proposed alignment are TongshanCounty (2,680 kIm2), ChongyangCounty (1,968 km.) and Puqi City (1,723 km2). The trafficin these areas is not convenientleading to backward economy.The populationin Tongshanand Chngyang was 4,109 millionand 4,545 million respectively.The GNP per capita was 2, 257 yuan and 3,066 yuan respectively.

(c) Dawu-Hong'anClass I Highway is located in northeastern Hubei.Theareas directlyaffected are Dawu County (1,985.71km 2) and

Hong'anCounty (1, 769 km 2 ) . These areas have sufferred fTom incovenienttraffic for ages constrainingthe economicdevelopment. As a result, they remain underdeveloped.The populationhere was 5, 700 million and 6,421 million in 1996, and the GNP per person was 2, 023 yuan and 2,111 yuan respectively.

10. EcologicalSetting

(a) The vegetationalong the expresswayof the project includes sub-tropicalever-green acerose-leaved forests with masson pines, China firs and cypressesbeing the leadingones. The sub- tropical acerose -leavedand deciduous-leavedmixed forestsare found with sanders and poplars being the leadingones. The artificialvegetation includes cash crops such as tea trees , tea- oil trees and mulberry trees, and differentkinds of bamboo.The main grain crops are rice, wheat, rape and beans.Thestudy area in Jianxiaand urban distict of Xiannning is of level areas with many lakes.There are less trees , but lots of good quality farmlandand ponds with a forest coverageof 22.1%-27.6%. The last section in Xianningand the section in Puqi is characterized by hills with a forest coverageof 27.6-36.2%which is above that in plains.

(b) Tongshan-Chongyang-Puqi Class I Highway-locatedarea enjoys a better vegetation.The naturalvegetation includesmasson pines, China firs, cypress and bamboo.Artificial vegetation includescash crops ( tea oil trees, mulberry,cotton, and fruit trees ) and grain crops ( rice,wheat,corn, rape, bean and peanut) . The forest coverage in Tongshan,Chongyangand Puqi is 55%, 59.4% and 32.6% respectively.

(c) Dawu-Hong'anClass I Highway'ssection enjoys a better vegetation with a natural vegetationincluding masson pines, China firs,cypresses and bamboo. The artificialvegetation includescash crops such as tea

8 -oil treesand mulberry,and the main graincrops are rice,wheat and rape.The forestcoverage in Dawu County32.2% and that in Hong'an 33 .7X.

11. Wild Animals

(a) The geographica!conditions along the expresswayis quite good with mild climatefavourable to be habitatsfor wild animals. In earlytimes there used to be differentkinds of wild animals.However, tigersand leopardsare already extinct because of desrtuctionof vegetationand frequenthunting. Some other wild animals such as ottersskunks and pangolinsare very rare.There is abundanceof fish suchas carpsof variouskinds and ricefieldeels. No rare animals have been foundalong the alignment.

(b) The geographicalconditions along Tongshan-Chongyang- Puqi ClassI Highwayis good enough for wild animals to live in and reproduce.The wild animalsfound here are boars, foxes, hares and goats.The proposed alignmentwill not pass through the natural reservesof provincialor nationallevel. No rare animals have been foundnear the section.

(c) The geographicalconditions along Dawu-Hong'an Class I Highwayis good for wildanimals to live in and reproduce. The wild animalsfound here are foxes,hares and goats. No rare animals have been foundnear the section.

12. CulturalHeritage

(a)Thereare a few of culturalrelics along the expressway with the ancientbattle field remains named Chibi being the most famous which is situated38 km northwestof the YangtzeRiver, 30 km from the project.The ThreeKingdom's battle field Chibi at Chifan Mount of Jinkou,Jiangxia is 12 km away from the projectedhighway. The ancientstreet in XindianTown of Puqi City is 4 km away from the alignment.According to the surveyconducted by Hubei Cultural Relic Agency,in the study section there are two relic sites, namely LubiangaoRemains and Tucheng(Earth City) Remains.

(b) The touristresourses along Tongshan-Chongyang-Puqi Highway are Jiulonggong(Nine-Dragon Palace) scenic spot in Tongshan, Jinsha Resortin ChongyangCounty and Wuchibiin Puqi located20-30 km away from the alignment.According to the survey,no cultural remains or

9 relics have been found within the study scope.

(c) No culturalrelics have been found withn the study scope of Dawu-Hong'an Highway.

13. Air Quality

(a) The air quality along the proposed expressway is quite good. The air quality at five monitoring spots of villages and schools can all meet class two standards in GB3095-1996.

(b) The air quality along Tongshan-Chongyang- Puqi class I Highway is quite good.Theair quality at four monitoring spots of villages and schoolscan all meet class two standards in GB3095-1996.

(c) The air qualityalong Dawu-Hong'anHighway is quite good. The air quality at four monitoringspots can all meet class two standards in GB 3095-1996.

14. Noise

(a) The noise level monitoredat seven spots along the proposed expresswaycan all meet class .1 standardsin GB3096- 93.

(b) The noise level monitored at nine spots along Tongshan --Chongyang-PuqiHighway can all meet class two standardsin GB3096- 93 except those at TongyangElementary School 3 which is locatedclose to the roadsideaffected by the trafficnoise and noise from the street market. The noise level exceeds the standardsgreately.

(c) The noise level monitoredat seven spots along Dawu- Hong'an Highway can all meet the correspondstandards in GB3096-93except two schools.

15. Water and Soil Loss

(a) The water and soil loss is slight in JiangxiaDistrict through which the expresswaypasses. The average erosion modulus is 1 ,000 t/kma.a in 1995 and the loss area makes up about 5% of the natural area.Xianninglies in the transitionarea of the plains and low hills with the latterbeing greater. The serious surfacerunoff erosion has formed weatheredmatters of argillaceousrock and carbonaterock. Due to the effect of the natural conditionssuch as topography, geology and climate, soil erosion is likely to occur. Futhermore, some human

10 activitiessuch as tree-cuttingand mountain-burningfor farming have deterioratedthe erosion.On the basisof survey, the loss area in XianningCity is 717.34km 2, makingup 47.79Xof the total.The total amountof soil loss is 3.535t. The annualmean erosionmcdulus is 2 ,354 t/km2.a, fallinginto slight erosion category. In Puqi Section,the soil-formation.matrixis mainly arenosol rock and argillaceousrock. The area of waterand soil loss is 288.1km 2, makingup 16. 7 of the totalarea witha lossamount of 1. 2467 million t a year and an averageerosion modulus of 4,300 t/km2.a fallinginto medium erosion.

(b) The area of Tongshan-Congyang-PuqiHighway is frequently strikenby floods.The soil lossarea in TongshanCounty is 626.9km 2 makingup 25% of the totalarea of the county.The area of the soil loss in Chongyangis 766.7km 2 makingup about38% of the total. The averageerosion modulus in both countiesis about3,000 t/km2.a. The proposedhighway lies in the valleybetween Damu Mountainsand Mufu Mountainswhere the forest coverage is greater ( 55% and 59. 45% respectivelyin the two counties).There is lesserodible soil which are mainlylimestone soil and red earth,and the soil-formationmatrix is mainlycarbonate rock that is very hard.The sectionkO+000-k57+000 is locatedon the lightrolling area with soilerosion modulus of 2 ,200 t/kin2 .a.beloingto slight erosion category,while sectionk57+000 -k74+800is locatedon heavyhilly undulatingarea with an average modulusin the countryof 3,000 t/km2.a. belongingto medinmerosion.

(c) The soil-formationin Dawu Countyarea is characterized with coarseand loosegrains which is apt to be eroded. According to survey,the area sufferingfrom waterand soil losswas 533. 4 km in 1995making up 26.86%of the totalof the county. The mean erosion modulusis 4,259.5t/km 2.a belonging to medinm erosion. While in Hong'anCounty, the terrainrises from southto north with lots of slopefarmland. The soil-formationis mainlyloose grains. The water and soil lossarea is 296.8km 2 makingup 16.5%of the total in the county.The averageannual loss amount is 0.71-1.535million t with a mean modulusof 1,500-14,000t/km 2.a. The area through which the alignmentpasses belongs to mediumerosion with an averagemodulus of 3,000t/ km2 .a.

D. POTENTUIL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

16. Major potential impacts and their mitigationmeasures regardingHubei National Highways Projec IV Expresswayand its linking roadsare summerizedbelow and incorperatedin the EnvironmentalActin

11 Plan(EAP)ofHubei NationalHighways Project IV ( three copies of documents).The EAP stipulatehow the environmentalimpacts identified in the EIA will be dealt with in the design, consrtruction and operationphases, and institutionalarrangements have beeni made for the implementationof the EAP during the three distinct phases. The key elementsof the EAP for National HighwayProject IV are summarized as Appendix I of this Annex..

DESIGN PHASE

17. AlternativeAlignment Consideringvarious factors includingminimization of land acquisition,impact of air pollution and noise on environmentally sensitiveareas and floods,Xiannning Scheme I was selected as the recommendedscheme for the constructionof the expressway.

For the other two highways,the comparisonand selectionof the alignmentwere also conducted,and as the result, the recommended schemes were selected.

18. Social Disruption In order to minimizeproblems of community separation and isolationdue to the constructionthe expressway,6 interchanges( one per 18.5 km ) has been designed to facilitae the network of the existing and plannedhighways. 190 paasageways have been designed along the sectionof 109.815km( 136 overpassesand 54 underpasses) that is one passagewayper 1.7 km to facilitatethe crossing of folk people for farming.

19. Soil Erosion Since the abundanceof rainfallalong the alignment, the soil erosion is a major problem. In order to prevent soil erosion as much as possible,it is suggestedto plant grass or sod on slopes and cutting sites.Slope protection,such as retaining walls and slurry -lining, are also incorparatedin the design.Temporary and permanent drainage systemsare incorparated to minimize soil erosion and alterationof hydrologicalregimes, including impacts on irrigation works.

20. Earthworks Since the land undulates to a considerablr extent, large quantitiesof excavationand backfill works are required in some sections,which will cause significantimpacts on ground stabilityand

12 ecologicalsetting as well as dust and noise problems during the constructionphase. Particularattention was paid to to balance the cuts and fills along the route so that spoil from excavationworks are best used for embankmentworks and impactsof borrow/spoil operations on farmlandare minimized.Quarries and borrow sites are selected in such a way ,as to minimize the dust and other problems at environmentallysensitive locations such as residentialareas.

21. Noise Most of the villages within 200 m from the roadsides are small and thinlypopulated. Altogether 146 environmentally sensitive sites were selectedfor specialattention for the expresswayand its 4 linking roads.According to the trafficnoise prediction during the operationphase(2002, 2012 and 2022), the noise level at some sites will exceed the assessmentcriteria. To avoid such noise problems,the measures such as noise barriers and walls, enclosingwalls, relocation installationof insulatedwindows, afforestation have been identified and integratedinto the design, consideringpredicted noise levels and local situations. At eleven environmentallysensitive sites along Tongshan -Chongyang-PuqiHighway the noise levelswill exceed the standards to significantextent, so enclosingwalls, installation of insulated windows, afforestation will be taken to solve the problems. While for Dawu-Hong'anHighway, 16 sensitivesites exceed the criteria.The same measureswill be taken to solve the problems.

22. Air Pollution For Hubei NationalHighways Project IV, in 2002, 2012 and 2022, at the cross sectionspredicted, neither NO nor NOx will exceed the assessmentcriteria except for the concentration caused by the increasedtraffic. However, some measureswill be taken such as to check the exhaustgas at the toll stations.

23. Water Pollution Domestic sewage at six toll stationswill be disposedof by means of septic tanks for fertilising farmland, and the domestic garbage will be disposed of centrally. The waste oil from the machinerywill be treatedby means of oil separators. Culvert pipes will be preembedded in construction to facilitate irrigationchannels, the cross sectionof which should not be smaller than the original cross section of the channel. In constructionof permanentdrainage systems, temporary channels or pipes will be built for irrigationor drainage.

13 24. CulturalRelics Followingthe relevantregulations in China,an archaeological surveywas carriedout by HubeiArchaeological Institute in January -February,1998.It is found that two sitesof remainsfor the expessway need archaeologicallyexcavating, the cost for which has been incorperatedin.the estimated cost of the project. No culturalrelics have beenfound in the othertwo highwaysections. 25. Flooding Frequentfloods occur in the expresswayareas due to low lands.Therefore,all bridges and roadside drainage systems are designedto meet requirementsfor safedischarge of floods ( no less than 100 year designfloods). All roadsidedrainage systems, bridges and culverts are designedto meet requirementsfor safedischarge of floods for other two highways.

26. Afforestation Afforestationwill be undertakento improve landscapeby platingbushes and high treesat some schoolsand villages.Trees will be plantedat livingareas , managementsections, toll stations and rampsof interchangesto beautifythe environment.

27. AccidentalSpills of HazardousMaterials To minimize the damage caused by accidentalspills of hazardousmaterials in rivercourse, crash barries along the road will be strengthenedin bridgedesign.

CONSTRUCTION PHALSE

28. For the recommended scheme ( Xianning Scheme I ) of expresswayof the NationalHighway Project IV in Hubei Province, the totalamount of 75866.4m 2 buildingswill be removedand 1897 people will be resettled.The Land Acquisitionand BuildingRemoval Office of Jing-ZhuExpressway under the WB Project Office of BPCD is in chargeof this task.The ResettlementAction Plan has been compiledby this unit in order to guarantee the problem of removal and resettlementcaused by the project'sdevelopment could be solved nicelybefore construction. For the other roadof the NationalHighway Project IV in HubeiProvince, the task of buildingremoval will be taken by the localgovernments along the route.

29. Air Pollution

14 Quarries and earth/limemixing sites will be set up 200 m' beyond centrallypopulated areas or schools.Material transport roads and access roads will be sprayedregularly with water and kept moist. Asphalt mixing stationswill be 300 m away or beyond from and downwind of the nearest residentialarea or school,and will be equipped with dust collectors.Besides, stockpilesand storageareas will be either covered or sprayed.Mixing deviceswill be enclosed,and the workers will be protectedproperly.

30. Noise When the constructionactivities are within 150 m of the residentialareas, noise constructionworks will not be undertaken during the night time(22:00-6:00).When the activitiesare within 50 m from the residentioalareas, noise proofing measureswill be taken. When the constructionworks are slose to schools, special attention will be made to minimize the interferenceto the teaching. Besides, Maintenanceof machines will be strengthened to ensure the lowest noise produced.

31. Ecosystem Planned borrow will be performedby excavating,levelling and afforestingat the same time. After the constructioncompleted , the borrow sites will be rehabilitatedfor farming.When the borrow is done in the flat areas or near lakes, it is suggestedto combine the borrow with aquaticfarming, and the people concernedwill be consultedprior to excavation.In addition,the borrow sites will be at proper distance from the road. Forest areas will not be used for materialborrow sites. Within three months after the subgrade is completed,on the slopes or other proper places, plantationof trees and grasseswill be conducted. The project itself,plantation, slope protectionand roadsidedrainage works will be accepted at the same time. If excavationhas to be done in arable land, top soil layer will be saved and returedto the iand after the construction work is completed to minimize impacts on ecosystemand agriculture.Education of constructionworkers will be strenghenedto protect natural resources, wild plants and animals. Poaching will be strictlyprohibited. Spoil disposalwill be carried out in a manner not to cause damage to farmland and other facilitieand not to block river flow. Spoil diposal sites wil carefullyselected in consultationwith local environmentalprotection bureaus.

32. Soil Erosion and Water Pollution Culvert pipes will be preembeddedfor irrigationchannels of

l5 swall type, the cross sectionof which will not be smaller than the originalone. All necessarymeasures will be taken to prevent earth and stones from silting up rivers, water channels or existing irrigationand drainage systems.Temporary channel or conduitwill be constructedfor irrigationand drainage during the construction of permanentdrainage systems.

33. ConstructionCamps The domestic sewage,garbage and feces will be disposed of centrally,notdischarged into the water bodies directly.Septic tanks or dry toiletsand garbagedisposal sites will be installed at camps and managementareas to treat sewage,garbage or feces for fertilizing farmland.

34. Cultural Relics Construction works will be stopped immediately if any cultururalrelics are discoveredas a result of road construction or excavationactivities. The local cultural authoritieswill be informed and a field survey of the site will be undertaken.Excavation will not be resumeduntil authorizedinstitutions identify the importance and the necessarypreservation measures of the discovery.

35. TransportationManagement Hauling route of constructionmaterials will be selected in a carefulmanner to minimize intrerferencewith existingcommunucations facilities,dust and noise. Adequate actions will be taken in consultationwith Communicationsand Public SecurityDepartments , to prevent or minimize trafficaccidents during the construction period. Furthermore,at crossingsof roads temporary survice roads will be installedas appropriate.A transportationplan will be developed to avoid transportationof construction materials during peak traffic hours on existing roads.

36. ConstructionSafety In order to guaranteeconsruction safety, efficient lighting equipmentand safety signs will be installed and maintained on temporary roads during the construction, and adequate traffic regulationswill be adopted and implementedfor temporaryroads. During the construction,effective safety and warning measureswill be adopted to reduce accidents. Blasting time, signals and guards will be stipulated.People and vehicles in dangerousareas will be evacuated in time. Thorough checks will be made before blasting.Blasting will not be carried out during peak work periods so as to avoid traffic jams, injuriesand deaths of people. Management and usage of blasting 16 materialswill strictlyfollow safety requirementsof the Public SecurityDepartment.

OPERATION PHASE

37. Noiseand Air Pollution No horningsigns will be installedat schoolsections. Noise -isolatingwindows will be adopted, and afforestationwill be made too to-minimizenoise and air pollution.

38. VehicleManagement Bettervehicle maintenance and managementwill be enhanced to keep vehiclesin good conditions. Vehicle noise and emission inspectionwill be strenghened.If a vehicledoes not complywith the noise and/oremission standards, an operatinglicense will not be given. Old vehicleswith low speed, greatnoise and high oil consumption will not be allowedto run on the expressway.Vehicles will be checked at the toll stations.

39. TrafficManagement Toll stationswill be used for traffic management. During snowyand foggydays, driving speed will be limitedto avoid traffic accidents.Novehicles with leakageand overloadwill be allowedto run on the expresswayto avoidwater pollution.

40. Risk of HazardousMaterials Spill An emergencyleading team has been set up with relevant departmentby both the Hubei Provincial High- class Highway AdministrativeBureau and the ProvincialEnvironmental Protection Bureau to deal with accidentalspill of hazardousmaterials. This leadingteam was alreadyset up in ProjectX, so it is asked to to undertakethe managementof hazardousmaterials spill. The Public securityBureau will designatespecific routes and parking lots for vehiclescarrying hazardous materials. In case of accidentalspill of hazardousmaterials, the relevantdepartments will be immediately informedto takeprompt actions based on the emergencyplan.

41. ExpresswyControl Area Constructionof schoolsand hospitalsrequiring high environment standardswill not be allowedwithin 111 m from the central line of the road.

E. ALTERNATIVE SCHEMNES 17 42. In the determinationprocedure of alignmentscheme, consultationsand discussionsare made many timesamong designing unit (HubeiProvincial Communication Planning and DesigningInstitute), EIA unit(XianHighway Transportation University) , governmentagencies, environmentalprotection departments, city planning departments, deputiesto the NationalPeople's Congress, and affectedmasses along the proposedhighway. To eliminate the unfavorableimpacts by the highwayconstruction, the routemakes detour to avoid big villages, schools,military installations, etc. In the mean time, the route avoidslakes as far away as possibleto eliminatethe impactson water bodies.Upon the syntheticconsideration of engineering, economic, environmentaland resettlementelements, recommendedschemes are determined.

(a) The four alternativesare chosenfor the expresswaysof the HubeiProject IV: XianningScheme I, XianningScheme I, Xianning Sheme I and JiayuScheme. In the projectfeasiblity study report in Oct.1996or earlyreports, Xianning Scheme I was the recommendedone with the threeother ones comparative.From than on, basedon careful studyby the HubeiCommunication Planning and DesignInstitute and the requirementsfrom the WorldBank, Xianning Sheme I was determinedas the recommendedscheme in Marchof 1998with the threeother ones as the comparativefrom whichScheme I is the majorone. The alignments of the four schemesare shownin Fig.2. Consideringall the above facors,we can concludethat Xianning Scheme I is superior to the others. (b) Thereare threeroad sectionshaving alternativesfor Tongshan-chongyang-Puqiclass two highway,i.e. Road Sectionof Urban TongshanCity, Road Sectionof Puqi TextileFactory and Road Sectionof SuburbanPuqi. For theiralignments, see AnnexFig. Comparedwith the comparativescheme, the recommendedone is superiorto the other one consideringvarious factors such as engineering,cost, environment and resettlement. (c) There are two road sectionshaving alternatives for Dawu -Hong'anclass two highway,i.e. Xincheng Road Section and Hekou Road Section.For theiralignments, see Annex Fig. Compared with the comparativescheme, the recommendedone is superiorto the other one consideringvarious factors such as engineering,cost, environment and resettlement.

F. INVESTIMEN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECT[ON

18 startin3g point~

-1. Mlik"--tifi,~ ~ ~ ~ 4 fi' r *,

ComparedSheme (Iiem iagSh pint K XianniugScheme III & J~~~~~~~~~~~iayuShee

, Large Bridge~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C

k~ SketchMap of mgmeutSchemes ofiaNationalem The~ ending~ ~~ point ~#~' ~ ~ hway Promectredi Sheme iaPrnincSeeU 43. The investmentfor - environmentalprotection of National HighwayProject IV in HubeiProvince consistof the following three parts.

(a) The expresswayof National Highway Project IV in Hubei Provinceand its linkingroads require 29.092 million yuan for lump -sum costoi environmentalprotection engineering, and 14. 1 million yuan for total20 yearsoperational cost of environmentalprotection facilities. (b) The otherroad of the NationalHighways Project IV--Class I Tongshang-Chongyang-PuqiHighway requires 3.255 millionyuan for lump -sum cost of environmentalprotection engineering, and 2. 15 million yuan for total20 yearsoperational cost of environmentalprotection facilities.

(c) The otherroad of theNational Highways Project IV--Class I Dawu-Hong'anHighway requires 2.485 millionyuan for lump-sum cost of environmentalprotection engineering, and 1.775 million yuan for total20 years operationalcost of environmentalprotection facilities.

G. ENVIRONMETAL MONITORING AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

a.ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

44. During the constructionand operationphases of Hubei NationalHighways Project IV and the other roads, environmental monitoringwill be carriedout to verifythe actual impacts on the environment,identify unexpected environmental probloms at an early stage,and adjustenvironmental protection measures as appropriate. The highway monitoringunits under Hubei High- class Highway AdministrativeBureau will be responsiblefor environmentalmonitoring duringconstruction and operationphases.

45. THe major itemsto be monitoredduring constructionphase will includeair quality,noise, and waterquality. These itemswill be monitoredduring the operationas well. In addition,sewage discharge at surviceareas, toll stations and administrativeareas will be monitored.The detailedmonitoring plan is presentedbelow.

46. Air Quality Duringthe constructionphase, TSP and asphaltfumes will be monitoredat the asphaltmixing sites and earth/limemixing sites and constructionsites without pavement. TSP and asphalt fumes will be

19 monitoredonce a week, two timesa day in the morningand afternoon. 47. Duringthe operationphase, NOx, CO and TSp will be monitored two timesa year for five consecutivedays each time. Four times of samplingis done a day at sensitivesites such as schoolsand hospitals.

48. Noise Duringthe constructionphase, noise monitoringwill be carriedout once a week at the sensitivesites (schools and hospitals), and one day a time,i.e. two timesof samplingIn daytimeand at night. Duringthe operationphase, noise will be monitoredfour timesa year, one day each time,i.e. two timesof samplingin daytimeand at night.

49. WaterQuality Duringthe constructionand operationphases, water quality will be monitoredinvolving the followingrivers and reservoirs:Cai, Gan,Dingsiand Pan (HubeiNational Highways Project IV Expressway); Xiadian,Nieshui,Xinzhai Reservoir, PIshui, Tongshan, Baini and Lushui Reservoir(Hubei National Highways Project IV otherroads). Monitoring will be conductedonce per week.

50. Waste water from the survices, toll stations and administrativeareas will be monitoredtwo timesa year.

b. INSTITUTIONALARRANGEMENTS

51. Duringthe constructionand operationphases, the following institutionalarrangements for environmentalprotection will be undertakenfor HubeiNational Highways Project IV and the otherroads.

(a) The EnvironmentalProtection Office of HPCD staffed with threeexperts and otherstaff members set up for Project 3 will be responsiblefor the environmentalmanagement and excution of variousregulations by the employerof ProjectTV and the other roads.

(b) Two expertsin environmentalprotection from the WB ProjectOffice of HubeiProvincial Communications Department ( HPCD) will be in chargeof the environmentalmanagement of Project IV in designand constructionphase.

(c) Two expertsin environmentalprotection from HubeiHigh Class Highway AdministrativeBureau will be in charge of the

20 implementation of the protection measures and administration during- the operation phase of Project IV. Two experts in envoronmental protection from Hubei Highway Bureau will be in charge of the implementation of environmental protection measures and administration of the other roads- during the operation phase of Project IV.

(d) One or two persons from each of the Highway Management Divisions of Xianning City, Puqu, Jiangxia Ditrict, Tongshan County, Chongyang County, Dawu County and Hong'an County will be responsible for the environmental managemant of their own division.

(e) The environmental monitoring unit under Hubei Provincial High-class Highway Bureau ( was established for Project. 3) will carry out the environmental monitoring during both construction and operation phases or entrust the local relative units to carry out the task.

(f) During the construction phase, six environmental supervisors will be in the employ of the WBProject Office of HECD to be in charge of the environmental supervision of ProjectlV Expressway. Three environmental supervisors will be responsible for the environmental supervision of Tongshan- Chongyang- Puqi Highway, two supervisors will be responsible for the environmental supervision of Dawu- Hong'an Highway. The environmental protection measures in tendering documents and articles in EAP will be supervised.

52. The following environmental training will be undertaken to provide adequate training for enrivonmental staff at all levels.

(a)Four staff each from Hubei WB Project Office, High- class Highway Administrative Bureau,EP Office of HPCD and Provincial Highway Planning & Design Institute will be sent to developed countries to investigate environmental management and study advanced experiences abroad.

(b) During construction phase, the following personnel will attend domestic environmental protection management trainig: 2 from Provincial WBProject Office; 2 from each road-section administrative unit of , Xiannning City and Puqi City and Provincial Highway Bureau; 1 from each communications division of Tongshan, Chongyan, Puqi, Dewu and Hong'an totalling 15.

(c)During construction, 11 environmental supervisors will be 21 assignedto attenddomestic environmental supervision training.

(d) Duringconstruction, 16 personswill be sent to attend trainingcourses on dealingwith emergency.

(et.During operation phase, 31 personswill attenddomestic trainingon environmentalprotection management. They are: 2 fromHigh - class Highway AdministrativeBureau; 4 from each highway administrativeunit of JiangxiaDistrict, XiannningCity and Puqi (includingthose during construction phase); 2 from ProvincialHighway Bureau;3 from each communicationsdivision of Tongshan,Chongyang and Puqu (includingthose during constructionphase) ; 4 from each communicationsdivision of Dawu and Hong'an.

H. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

53. Scopeof and Methodfor PublicParticipation In Dec.1997,the EIA groupof thisproject made public surveys in the areas that will be affected by the proposed highway in Jiangxiadistrict, Xianning City , Puqi City, ChongyangCounty, TongshanCounty, Dawu Countyand Hong'anCounty . We held meetingsand delivered questionnairesto collectopinions from representativesof NPC ( NationalPeople's Congress) , people'sgovernments at different levels,social organizationsalong the route, and especally the peoplein the affectedarea on both sidesof the routes. We also consultedenvironmental protection organizations, agricultural organizations,forestry organizations and transportationorganizations about environmentalprotection along the route.

54. Opinionsand requirementsfrom the impactedpeople , social organizationsand peoplesgovernments along the proposedhighway are as follows: (1) The impactedpeople along theproposed highway are concernedat compensationof land acquisitionand resettlement.They asked that compensationshould be executedaccording to the requirementsof state policies. (2) Most of the impactedpeople asked to be resettledin theirown villageswhen they have to move.v (3) Most of the impactedpeople in the area along the proposed expresswayworries about the inconveniencein future visiting and shoppingcaused by the separationof the proposedexpressway. It is asked thatfly overbridges and passage ways be built near their villages. (4) When we talking about the impact problems of noise and exhaustinggas with villagers,they asked thatprotection measures be adoptedor movingto a suitableplace far away from the expresswaybut

22 still in their own village. (5) Teachersof the impactedschools ask for constructionof surroundingwalls to minimize noise and protect safety of their students. (6) Villagersin the area passedby linking roads .showna much warmerattitude to the constructionof the proposedproject than the villagersin the area passed by expressway, we found almost no complainfrom the former. (7) All the governmentsat city or county level welcomed the highway sections to pass through the area under their own administration. (8) It is asked thatat least1 interchangebe built in each city and districtwhere the expresswaypasses through.

55. Solutionsto Problems (1) During the constructionof the proposed highway, the Constructionunit will act in close coordinationwith the local governmentsand NationalPeople's Congress at differentLevels, collectopinions and requirementsfrom the public in time and strictlyexecutes state rules and regulationsabout land acquisition, Temoval and resettlementand compensation.Resettlements of the familieswill be arrangedin theirown villagesas far as possible. (2) As to the "exits and entrances"of the proposedhighway requiredby governmentsalong the route, it had been considered thoroughlyin the FeasibilityStudy Report on this project.Ensure 1 to 2 interchangesset for every City or District. Average distance betweeninterchanges is 18.5km,which can meet the demand for connectionbetween the existinghighways and the proposedhighway. (3) Because most of the impactedpeople worries about the inconveniencein futurevisiting and shoppingcaused by the separation of the proposedexpressway, the designingunit plans to set 190 passageways along the line to satisfy the requirementsof local residents.As for the total109.815km long expressway, the average distance betweenpassage ways is 0.58km, which can basicallymeet the needs of the localpeople for communicationand farming. (4) To the noisepollution problems concerningby the impacted peopleand teachersof the impactedschools, specific analysis and studies with concretemeasures have been made already in the assessmentreports. Suitablq mitigation measures will be adopted. In the executionprocession of the measures,more consultationswill be done for the impactedpeople. Satisfaction of the impactedpeople will be achievedin the end. The suggestions and requirements arising from public participationhave been givena thorough consideration at the preparationstage of the highway.

23 I. CONCLUSION 56. From the environmental point of view, the recommended schemeis superiorto thecomparative scheme.

57. The impactsupon acoustic and air environmentalquality duringconstruction are mainly the noise of construction machinery, dustand asphalt smog pollution. The environmental quality of lifeand teachingin sensitivespots, such as villagesand schoolsalong the routewill notbe affectedto a greatextent. The measuressuch as reasonable-constructionschedule, proper sites of asphaltconcrete mixingplants and limesoil mixers, sprinkling at proper time and coveringwith canvas, etc. will be implemented.

58. Thereis no distributionof rare animals and plants in theassessment area along theproposed highway. The construction of theproject will have no effecton rareanimals and plants.

59. The constructionof the proposed highway will not be starteduntil the twosits with cultural relics have been excavated andprotected, so thatthe construction of the proposed highway has not greatlyimpact on historicalrelics.

60. Sewageof toll stationand managemental zones will be treatedby septictank before using in irrigation,which can solvethe pollutionproblem of surfacewater by wastewater utilization. Sewage of servicezones and restzones willbe treatedby smallstyle waste watertreatment station to attainstandard before discharging.

61. Duringthe service time of the highway, the traffic noisemay affectthe acoustic quality to a certainextent, especially nearresidential quarters and schools. When environmental protectionmeasures are taken,the reasonableteaching and living conditionscan be assured.

62. The constructiveproject the NationalHighways ProjectWVExpressway and itslinking roads and the two other roads willbe of great significancein acceleratingregional economic development;improving the present state of transportation;improving thecondition for investmentand promotingthe developmentof the touristindustry. The construction of theproject will result in somenegative environmental effects along the route, such as loss of land resources,damage to vegetationand the reductionof environmentalquality, etc. But whencorresponding measures are taken thenegative effects upon the environment will be alleviatedor eliminated.The negativeeffects will be allowedby theenvironment. Therefore,the construction of theproject is feasible.

24 Appendix I. The EIA Standards

Standards Identifier

"Standardof EnvironmentalNoise of Urban Area" GB3096-93 "AmbientAir Quality Standard' GB3095-1996 "SurfaceWater Quality Standard' GB3838-88 'StandardsFor IrrigationWater Quality" GB5084-92 'IntegratedWastewater Discharge Standard' GB8978-1996 "EnvironmentalQuality Standard for Soils" GB15618-1995 'HygienicStandards for Limitationof Pb in Food" GB14935-94 'ConstructionSite Border Area Noise Level' GB12523-90 'Bitumen IndustryPollutant Emission Standard' GB12523-90 'Environmental Vibration Standard for Urban Area' (GB10071-88)

Table 1-1 Standard of Envionmentsa Noise of Urban Area (GB309r-93) Classification'Daytime dB(A) NighttimedB(A) I Applicablearea 0 | 50 | 40 ! Specialresident area I | 55 45 Resident,education and institution 2 6050 Resident,commercial,industrialmixed area

3 | 65 55 Built-upindustrial area 4 | 70 | 55 Both sidesof trunk road

Table 1-2 Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) Limitation concentration mg/Nm3 Pollutants _ C Timce ls TSP Daily average 0.3

COD Daily average 4 One hour average 10 NOK | Daily average 0.1 I____ _ One1 hour average 0.15 Note: StandardClass 2 Is suitable for the residentialregions; comercial, communicativeand residentialmixed regions;ordinary industrial and rural areas.

25 Table 1-3 Surface Water Envirnment Quality Standards (GB 8 ) Classification Pal lutants I I * i p

PH 6.5 8. 69

COD.. (mg/l) < 2 4 6 8 10 Oil (mg/I) < 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.5 r 1.0 Pb (mg/I) < 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 Note: Standard Class lis suitable for the sources of water and the natural protection regions Standard Class I is suitable for the Class I protection areas of sourcesof centralized drinking water; precious fish protection areas; fish and shrimp aquiculture areas; Standard Class I is suitable for the Class 2 protection areas of sources of centralized drinking water; ordinary fish protection areas; and swimning areas; Standard Class IV is suitable for the ordinary industrial area and indirectly contact amusement areas; Standard Class V is suitable for the agricultural areas and ordinary scenery areas;

Table 1-4 Standards For lrrigation Water Quality (GBSS4-M2) i crops classif ication Pollutants i l I waterfarming| dryfarming vegetable I I BOD5 (mg/I) < 80 150 80 COD.. (mg/I) < 200 300 150 SS (mg/I) < 150 I 200 100 Oil (mg/I) < 5.0 10- i 1.0

PH 5.5 - 8.5 Pb ( mg/I) < 0.1

Table 1-6 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-199) Pollutants | Scope of application j Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I. PH < Any construction project 6 - 9 i 6 - 9 6 - 9 SS_____ ormalconstuctio project_____ + SS (mg/I) < Normal construction project 70 150 400 BOD. (mg/I) j Normal construction project 20 i 30 300

COD¢.. (mg/I) < Normal construction project | 100 | 150 j 500 + I Oil (mg/I) • Any construction project 5 I 10 j 20 Pb (mg/l) < [Any construction project 1.0 Note: Observed by construction projects after Jan.1,1998. Standard Class 1 is suitable for the wastewater discharged into water areas observing GB3838-88B Standard; Standard Class 2 is suitable for the wastewater discharged into water areas observing GB3838-881V, V Standard; Standard Class 3 is suitable for the wastewater discharged into drainage system of cities or towns with seWragetreatment plants observing GE3838-88B Standard.

26 Table 1-6 Envromental quaot tandard for sags GB1161&-1995Unit: mg/kg class 1 class 2 class 3

Background PH PH PH PH Pollutants,, PH < 6.5 6.5-7.5 > 7.5 >6.5

Pb < 35 250 300 350 500

Note: Standard Class I is suitable for the natural protection regions and the sources of centralized drinking waters Standard Class 2 is suitable for the ordinary farmlands, tea plantations, orchards and pastures: Standard Class 3 is suitable for the farmlands near forestlands and minerals.

Table 1-7 Hygienic Standards for Limitation of Pb in Food GB14935-94 Unit: mg/kg

Pollutants Crops Grain Vegetable

Pb < 0.4 0. 2

Tible 1-8 Enviromental Vibration Standard for Urban Area (GBIO71-88) Ieq:dB(A)

Applicable area Daytime dB(A) Nighttime dB(A)

Special resident area I 65 65

Resident 8 education 70 67 t Resident,commercial, l industrial mixed area 75 72 t Both sides of trunk road 75 72

27 Appendix I. The Key Elements of the EAP for the National Highway Project nr and the Other Roads in Hubei Province Eiviraneetal problem Mitip tion measures Action unit1 Agencies in ctarge

A . Design stage

1. Farmlandoccupet im Oxpare alternate schaiCs to select a Design& WBProject recaOMaMedscheme for being far awayfrom assessmentunits Office of HM villages andschools, less farmland occupation

2.Soil erosion Afforestation an plantation an side slopes DesignB B Project along the epressway, constructien of soil assessmentunits Office of HRD retaining wall, intercept ditch and mortar bmund.

3.Noise Adoptmitigatian measuresat sensitive Design& YBProject spots beyondstandard. assessmentunits Office of HFCD

4.Air pollution Properselection of quarry or earth borro- Design B YBProject wing site, spoil area, location of mixing assessmentunits lOffice of HPD plant, taking into account of sensitive .isorica relics receivers.

5.Historicalrelics |lnvestigationforthe historical relics Provincial IWBProject along the proposedexpressway. Historical Relics Office of HPD Research Institute I 1*, 6.Landacquisition & Action plan mustbe madefor proper lamd Resettlement JIBProject resettlement acquisition andresettlement. Officeof HBCD Officeof HKD

7.Accident caused by ODllide-proofbanisters will be strengthenr-Design & YB Project dangerousarticles ed anbridges to prevent from vehicles jassessment unitsOffice of HPCD leakage in dropping into the rivers in accidents of transportation dangerousarticle transportation.

B.Constructionstage

l.Ecolcgical resource .Noearth borrow site in forest land. Cbntractor YBProject .Avoid earth borrowingfrom farm land. As Office of HPCD to the temporarily occupied lands, the surface layer soil will be preserved and put back after construction for reducing the impact as michas possible. -EBucationand training of the workers to protect the wild aninals & plants,bunting is prohibited strictly. .Earthborrowing site will be betterchosen at thelocation of futurefish paon. .1Disposalof engineering earth androck will madewithout plight farm land and other facilities or blocking rivers, disposal sites will be decided in consul- tion with local EnvironmentalProtection Bureaus. to be oontimnednext page 28 Mm Ke E of tim EAP for the Nadt a Highwy Projeat r and the 0dbh R oak in I3hbePzwhome (ont iue fromlast page)

Eiviramntal problems Mitigatian measures Actian umit Agenciesin ncharge

2.Soil erouian ad .Tree or grass plantatiom an side slope Contractor YBProject irrigatian will be dam in three nmmthsafter conr- Officeof IIX structimn of subgrade, andalso rehabil- itation or reconstructian of damaged irrigatimn or drainage facilities. N.lecssarymeasures will be adopted to prevent theriver,water cdarnel or exist- ingirrigatim & drainage system fram being blocked by soil & stane. Whilepermanent drainage system being built,substitute ditchor pipelinewill be builtfor irrigation& drainage. .Reasonablemeasures will be takento pre- vent direct discbarge of waste water into theriver & irrigatiansystem.

3.Water pollution I.Reascnable procedures will be taken as Cantractor WBProject cofferdammethod or drop shaft sinking Office of ECD in bridgecomstructian to prevent water pollutionof rivers. .Sewage, garbage of cmstructian camp will J be assembled& treated beforedischarge. Dry toiletsand septic tanks ust be builtfor sewage disposal. Garbage willbe ccmcentratedin thegarbage heap- ingplants. Ewhwircnnentmnuageent and protection | education to workerswill be strengthened for strictlychecking the machines aind ships to prevent oil leakage. Dumpingof waste oil into waterbodies will be banmed .Construction materials as asphalt,oil 8 chemical articles will not be allowed piling up near weils or rivers,and miffl- ers will be prepared for covering these materials frombeing washed into water bodies in windyor raining days.

4. Noise ! Strictly implmentatiun of industrial I Qmtractor WB Project noise standard to protect the workers from Office of HRCD being hurt by noise. Using ear plug & helmet,and strictly limiting workinTtime schedule. .No night time work(22:OO6:O00) when there is residential areas within 150(.. .Cnstruction umitwill negotiate with the teachers aboutthe working schedule to reduce the noisy disturbance to rcutine teaching of schools. .Meticulous maintenance of the machine to mitigate the noise impact.

______I _ to be cantiued next page

29 The Key of the EAP for the Ndan.m Ifwhwa Pioject lv and the OtberRoads hi Iubi PrOviae (oomtium froIluast pege)

Eiviromuentalproblems Mitigation measures Actim umit Agencies in charge

5.Air pollution .AI1 reasamble measuresincluding sprink- Omtractor YBProject i4ng(especially in dry season)to reduceair Office of HEXD pollution of construction, pay attentio to the icpacton nearby residential sites .Materials yards adn coarete mixing plants will be at least 20m way from residential regions. .The bulkmeterials will be coveredeither in storage or transportation. .Mixingplant of asphalt will be at least 3CCmaway from amd domiwrxl of the nearest residential sites. .Space of mixers will be separated to pre- vent air polluticrLFay attention to the health of wrkers.

6.Historical Relics Excavationwill be itopped imediately whenCmtractor IWBProject a historical relic site is found,anddome- Office of HWD stichistorical relic management agencies lwill be informed simultanemusly.Excavation must be prohibited before appraisal of the site andadoption of protection measures.

7.Trasportation .Careful routeselection for construction IContractor IUBProject management materials transport,avoiding long distance ;Office of HWD transport and impact on existing I highwayfacilities. Mitigate pollution of I traffic dust and traffic noise. I .Rational scheme and measures will be care- fully considered when temporary road for construction crosses existing road. I .Constructicn material transportation will I be plamed to avoidtraffic peak hourof existing road. I i i 8.Construction .Lighting andsafety signs an marks will Cbmtractor IYBProject safety bbe provided on temporaryroad, rational Office of HWD traffic regulation will be adopted I.Effectivesafely and warning signals will be adopted during construction stage,such as careful checkingand thoughtful arrangement in explosion workto prevent any accident, strict managementof explo- sive materials byfollowing safety requir- ements set by the public security I department. to be continued next page

30 use Ke D3ilmrtoi the AP forthe Nadtinl] IF%hway P]ojmac iv and the O dbw Rods in HEubdPxovh (mmt innafram last page)

Ehvironmentalproblems mitiptimc measures Action mit Agenies in ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ctarge

C Operatia Stage

l.Noiseand air .Set horning beInd rarks at sowtics mar Higsey HubeiProvincial pollutio shools . I nmgemnt High-Class .Inregiaml planming,umits as residential Divisima Higbhwy sites, achool sad bospital are avoided to Administrative be built nearthe prqposed higmwaywhich Governxtsof bireaun should b1m a better anvirament. cities or .Insulatedwindbow and otber noise proof district measureswill be adqpted at sitesboyend standard. .Aforestation madplantation at both sidesof the road to mitigate air& noise pollutiaL

2.Waterpollutin In tollstatian & mnogiementalz es, Highway HubeiProvincial septictank will be builtto treatsewage. hMgagmmnt Higb-Class Onlyafter treatment, can it be used in Divisia Highway irrigatienor fertilization, oilwaste Administrative watershould be treatedby oilseparating Euroau tank.Garbage will be assecbledthen disposed. .Smllstyle wastewater treatmuent station willbe setup inservice & rest zons alog theexpressway.After treatment,the wastewater can be discharged or used for irrigatiax.Garbage will be assembledfor disposal.

3.-bnagemnentof Strenthenvehicle maintenance & monagemnt Highway HubeiProvincial vehicles to insureread worthness of the vehicls, imanaent High-Class strenthenvehicle emissimo inspection & Divisim, Highway iuplnemntatiaiof the noise and missicm Pbliceand Administrative standards,nopermissimn or certificate ccammicatim Ereau issuedfor unqualif ledvehicles agencies to becontinued next page

' I hueKe E_ W of the EAP bcr thleNa,ai Hgway Projset IV a.d tbe OthXerBoade in Hbd3 Pi'wov e (ccmtiree frmn last poge)

Envirounental problem Mitigation measures Action mtt Ageaies in ..arge

4.Risk ofdangerous .An aergencyWleading group caisisted by Highway HubeiProvincial article transport the ccscerning agencies in HigbwayMI5a- Management HighrCass ementBureau and EP Eureauof HubeiProv- Divisimn Higbway ncein project l,vbich isfor dealing Administrative with the leakage accidents of dangerous Bureau articles specially. Nowthis greupis in Pblice and charge of the rEragementof dangerous c|aimicatian article transportatian an this proposed agencies expresswaytoo. .Three certificate are required for dange- rous article transportati n:transportation permissian,driver's license smdsafety escort certificate.Dbngeroausmrks mist be setan the vehicles. .Special route aid parking spots will be specified by the public security bureau. I.Incase of the accident caused by dawger-j ousarticle leakage,concerningagencies will be informedimmediately,cmergency acticms will be followed based cn the plan

D.Ehvircmental hplementenvircanental monitoring work 'Mantoringunits jHubeiProvincial Mmnitoring laccording to the specifications issued by !belong to HFCD |High-Class NEPAin forms ofm mitoring standiardand Highway method. Administrative Bureau

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