the WINTER/SPRING 2004 AMERICAN Volume 38, No. 1 PSYCHOANALYST Quarterly Newsletter of The American Psychoanalytic Association

Combating Terrorism INSIDE TAP... With Principles of Psychoanalysis San Francisco Marie Rudden Meeting ...... 5–6 Lord John Alderdice, Speaker of the North- psychiatrist ern Ireland Assembly and a psychoanalytically and is a sen- trained psychiatrist, described the importance ior lecturer Special Section: of psychoanalytic concepts in his own peace- on the Faculty Simon, Gertler, Maccoby making efforts as one of the key negotiators of of Medicine , on Organizational Ireland’s Belfast Agreement signed on Good at Queens Friday, 1998, in a talk on “Terrorism: Looking University Governance...... 8–13 toward Conflict Resolution” at the Winter at Belfast, Psychiatric News Meeting. Nadia Ramzy, editor-in-chief of the Alderdice has Couch Cartoons. . . . 18–19 International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic been deeply

Studies, chaired the symposium. Ramzy is also involved in Photo: Courtesy of Newspaper of the American Psychiatric Association co-founder, with Stuart Twemlow and others, seeking solu- Lord Alderdice, psychoanalyst and member IPA’s DPPT Initiative . . . . 21 of the new International Association for tions to the of Irish Parliament spoke Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, which pro- violence that on “treating” terrorism at motes the application of analytic thinking to has troubled New York meeting. social problems. his country. Alderdice has written, “Armed only with As a teenager in the 1960s, Alderdice was non-analytic explanations of violence, our struck by the “frightening and stimulating vio- world community will not make sense of lence” on his own streets and affecting mem- Election Results terrorist attacks like those of September 11, bers of his extended family. He was convinced 2001” (Introduction to Terrorism and War: that such self-destructive activities could not President-elect: Unconscious Dynamics of Political Violence, Karnac be explained only by economic or political K. Lynne Moritz Books, Ltd., 2002). arguments, and wondered if a psychoanalytic He took a personal developmental approach might aid in understanding them. Secretary-elect: approach to explain his gradual immersion in With this goal in mind, he trained in medicine Prudence Gourguechon electoral politics and the peacemaking effort and psychiatry and enrolled in higher special- Councilor-at-Large: in Northern Ireland.Though he has continued ist training in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Robert Pyles to be active as a psychoanalytically trained POLITICAL THERAPY Proposed bylaws amendments: Marie Rudden, M.D., is training and Realizing, “One can’t just put out a brass Both failed to achieve two-thirds vote supervising analyst at the Berkshire plate announcing ‘political analyst,’ ” but must necessary for approval. Psychoanalytic Institute, on the faculty of get involved politically “so that when you make the New York Psychoanalytic Institute, and an interpretation, it will be listened to,” See inside, page 4, for details. a clinical assistant professor of Psychiatry Alderdice joined the Alliance Party, the only at Weill Medical College of Cornell University. Continued on page 20

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 1 CONTENTS: Winter/Spring 2004 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYTIC ASSOCIATION President: Newell Fischer 3 The State of the Association Newell Fischer President-Elect: Jon Meyer Take Your Heart to San Francisco, Part 1 Gary Grossman Secretary: K. Lynne Moritz 5 Treasurer: Warren Procci 7 Rebuilding Homeland Security: Creating a Bridge from Psychoanalysis Executive Director: Dean K. Stein to the American Red Cross Paula Christian Kliger

SPECIAL SECTION THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST Newsletter of the 8 The Bumpy Path to Good Governance: American Psychoanalytic Association Controversy, Dialogue, Collaboration Hinda Simon Editor Prudence Gourguechon Organizational Development Hinda Simon 8 Member, Council of Editors 9 Achieving Good Governance for Psychoanalytic Societies Michael Maccoby of Psychoanalytic Journals A Group Relations Perspective on Organizational Issues Bernard Gertler National Editor 10 K. Lynne Moritz APsaA: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow 11 Editorial Board An Interview With Newell Fischer Hinda Simon Thomas Bartlett, Abbot Bronstein, Sheri Hunt, Lee Jaffe, Poetry: From the Unconscious Sheri A. Hunt 14 Janice Lieberman, Jack Miller, Conversations with Physicians on Understanding the Doctor-Patient Caryle Perlman, Marie Rudden, 16 Hinda Simon, Michael Slevin, Relationship Fred L. Griffin and Randall H. Paulsen Gittelle Sones, Julie Tepper, ShrinkWatch: Somebody Moved My Bowl: The Genre of Couch Cartoons Robert S. White, Harriet Wolfe, 18 Sharon Zalusky, Dean K. Stein, ex officio Dottie Jeffries William D. Jeffrey, Consultant 21 IPA Unveils Strategy for Tackling Crisis in Psychoanalysis Donald Campbell Paul Mosher, Consultant Michael and Helene Wolff, Curriculum: Beginning with Freud’s Questions Ellen Rees and Lee Jaffe 22 Technology Management Communications, NAPsaC: A Work in Progress Arthur Leonoff Manuscript and Production Editors 23 Mervin Stewart, Photo Editor 24 Historic IPA-IPSO Liaison Breaks New Ground for Candidates Internationally Richard Fox and Lee Jaffe The American Psychoanalyst is published quar- terly. Subscriptions are provided automatically APsaA Helps Win Massachusetts Gay/Lesbian Marriage Case Gary Grossman to members of The American Psychoanalytic 25 Association. For non-members, domestic and 26 The Work of Council and Joint Committees—Quiet Heroism Canadian subscription rates are $32.50 for indi- Prudy Gourguechon viduals and $75 for institutions. Outside the U.S. and Canada, rates are $52.50 for individuals and Membership Gateway, Governance, Psychotherapy Initiative $95 for institutions. To subscribe to The American 27 Psychoanalyst, visit http://store.yahoo.com/ Top Council and Board Agendas Prudy Gourguechon americanpsych/subscriptions.html, or write TAP BOPS Report: An Anomaly in Our Organization Ronald M. Benson Subscriptions, The American Psychoanalytic 28 Association, 309 East 49th Street, New York, Public Affairs Network Inspires Outreach on the Local Level Dottie Jeffries New York 10017; call 212-752-0450 x18 or email 30 [email protected]. Preaching What We Practice: The Psychotherapy Initiative Richard P. Fox 31 Copyright © 2004 The American Psychoanalytic 32 Researchers, Leaders of Lawsuit Era Star at 2004 Awards Ceremonies Association. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a 33 JAPA Editors Pass the Baton Lee Jaffe retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of The 34 TechNotes: Using the WWW as a Reference Tool Paul W. Mosher American Psychoanalytic Association, 309 East 34 Membership: The APsaA Web Site: A Resource at Your Fingertips 49th Street, New York, New York 10017. Debra Steinke ISSN 1052-7958 35 Sigourney Awards for Distinguished Career Contributions Honor Greenspan, Margolis, Shevrin, and White Institute The American Psychoanalytic Association does not hold itself responsible for statements made in Looking at Web Sites: Content and Beauty Robert S. White The American Psychoanalyst by contributors or 38 advertisers. Unless otherwise stated, material in Letters to the Editor The American Psychoanalyst does not reflect 40 the endorsement, official attitude, or position of The American Psychoanalytic Association or The SPECIAL INSERT: Practice Guidelines 1, Revised—Informed Consent to Review American Psychoanalyst.

2 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

but this mode of The State of the Association functioning must Newell Fischer not be used to rationalize indeci- Newell Fischer presented this State of the Asso- TROUBLING DEMOGRAPHICS sion and passivity. ciation report at APsaA’s 2004 Winter Meeting. The demographics of the Association are We sometimes particularly troublesome. Several months ago joke that the In this first State of the Association report, I asked a young mathematician to sketch a Association I will comment on the current status of our future profile of our organization, based on our moves at a glacial organization, highlight a few immediate foci current membership statistics and the assump- pace. It is not a Newell Fischer of activity, and then move on to what I see as tion that the present trends in our group joke. It has be- priorities for the future. I will not dwell on the would remain the same, come maladaptive as we watch and wait, hes- past, for there is much we must do and much In June 2006, just about two years from itate and debate, while the membership we must become. Our future is today—to now, if we as an Association continue to do continues to age and the number of candi- be addressed with boldness and creativity. If business as usual and do not find new ways to dates plateaus. we tarry, the future will be behind us and it will expand our membership and attract younger not be shaped by our contributions. members, we will look something like this: REACH FOR THE WORLD In January 2004, the Association is strong • The average age of our total membership This leads me to the third area that con- and robust. Our activities as a vibrant organ- will be 65. cerns me as we work to address the challenges ization seeking to realize our goals are ener- • The average age of our TA’s will be 73. to our professional organization. getic and creative. Without a shred of a doubt • 14% of our members will be over 80 Currently, the Association is deeply engaged or a moment of hesitation, I can say that the years old. in studying our governance and mapping strate- American Psychoanalytic Association is sec- • 30% of our members will be over 70 gies for reorganization. These deliberations ond to none in promoting psychoanalysis as years old. are important. Some of the internal struggles a profession, training candidates to practice • 28% of our members will not be paying have been with us for decades—indeed for with skill, and supporting psychoanalytic sci- dues because of seniority. generations. I would hope and expect that the ence. Our publications and scientific meet- These statistics are a warning to all of us. forging of more adaptive structures will provide ings, our standards for practice, our political A membership organization with these demo- us with new vigor.We devote a great deal of strength and advocacy for patients’ rights, graphics will simply not be able to sustain energy to this internal contention, but we the efforts to understand the human condi- itself and will not be able to support an aggres- continue on this path at our own peril. It is tion and to promote emotional freedom and sive and forward looking agenda. imperative that these deliberations do not growth, and our contributions to the thinking become an arena to endlessly rehash, relive, community are but a few reflections of the IF NOT NOW,WHEN? and try to redress old hurts and grievances. Association’s vigor and imagination. These As individuals and as an organization, we The process of reorganization is just that— are not hollow declarations or chauvinistic value introspection and deep understanding, a process. It is not the goal.The process is not proclamations. We are a strong and influen- deliberating with great care before we make where we want to be. It is not the place tial organization, and we carry the responsi- decisions and take action.These attributes are where we can afford to linger or luxuriate.Yes, bility to maintain our vigor, to advocate for necessary and laudable in our clinical work as we will make mistakes. Indeed if we do not our patients and profession, and to seek new psychoanalysts. In our organizational life such a occasionally err, we have most likely proceeded opportunities to promote the growth and deliberative stance also serves us well as we try with undue caution and meekness. It would be application of our clinical science. to carefully consider our options. I would sug- a grievous error for our Association to mark Although we are the most influential psy- gest, however, that frequently this clinical stance time, waiting for a complete and perfect set of choanalytic organization in the world, I am serves as a defense to avoid those challenges blueprints.This is a time for initiative, imagina- deeply concerned about our vulnerabilities that appear most threatening.The assumption tion, and boldness.The passage of time will not and our readiness to meet the challenges of timelessness that may characterize and be be kind to us. I fear that our professional pro- that lie before us. I have written,“We are an useful in our clinical work will in the public clivity for inward gazing will serve to perpetu- organization waiting for a crisis.” I must cor- arena lead to stagnation and passivity. ate and blind us to the tasks confronting us. We rect myself. The crisis is here; we have been A preoccupation with the vicissitudes of our must focus our energies outside of ourselves. ignoring it. past history or the inner dynamics of gover- The future of the Association depends on I focus on three areas of concern: our nance will blind us to the dangers that threaten the creativity and vigor of our outreach to demographics, the tempo of change, and our to envelop us.Yes,organizational decisions must the world around us.This outreach must be a internal preoccupations. be made only after thoughtful deliberation, Continued on page 4

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 3 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

State of the Association must be acknowledged and respected, stim- This means that individual analysts…have to Continued from page 3 ulating dialogue and study. We are strong get out of the office and mix it up with other enough as an Association and hopefully secure professional colleagues, the media, with politi- two-way street, allowing ourselves to learn, be enough as individuals to find these differences cians, and school teachers, lawyers, clergy, and enriched, and participate where we can best challenging and valuable. We have taken small, the family next door.” contribute. Outreach must be to the scientific tentative steps out of our isolation, but we I believe we, the membership of the Asso- and intellectual communities, to other mental have much to do to expand our thinking and ciation, have been challenged by these realities health professionals, and to the public. A rich to enlarge the doors to membership. and by new opportunities for growth. I have and meaningful two-way exchange can happen And, finally, we must reach out vigorously and experienced it first hand as I travel and meet only if we feel confident about our profession creatively to the public. Ultimately, all of our clin- with our societies and institutes.There is fer- and about ourselves. At some points in the ical, scientific, educational, and organizational ment and creative outreach in our local groups history of the Association splendid isolation activities depend on our success in this effort. that is exciting to witness and be part of. I am may have been important for self-definition John Blamphin, former director of the APA convinced we can make a difference, that we and cohesion, but those days are long past and Division of Public Affairs, served as a consult- can influence and help create the future. But such adaptations have become crippling. ant for our Association. His observations and this will happen only if we as an organization Our outreach must include opening our recommendations are clear. In his concluding and as individuals put our energies, our minds, Association membership to serious psycho- remarks, he said: “…outreach must be both and our hearts to the task. analysts who do not quite look like us. I refer national through the ‘American’ and local The hour is late and we have much to do. to those professionals who were not trained in through societies and institutes…in the end, it I am optimistic that we can learn, we can our institutes and whose convictions and prac- will be grassroots psychoanalysts as individuals grow, and we can prevail.The time for action tice may not be identical to ours. Differences who make the case for psychoanalytic theory. is now.

Moritz Chosenelections President-Elect, Bylaws Fail With 41 percent of APsaA members voting, current APsaA Secretary K. Lynne Moritz defeated former president Judith S. Schachter in the election for the office of president-elect. Moritz won 774 votes to Schachter’s 557. Moritz’s election left one year of her term as secretary unfilled. According to our bylaws, the Council votes to fill the term in such circumstances. Prudy Gourguechon was elected at the January Council meeting to complete Moritz’s term. Opposing Gourguechon in the Council election were Richard Gottlieb, Paul Mosher, Mary Scharold, and Sherwood Waldron. In the fall election for councilor-at-large, the members elected Robert Pyles and Prudy Gourguechon. Elizabeth Brett, Joanne Callan, and Richard Lightbody also ran for these offices. Due to Gourguechon’s

Photo: Jacques Gourguechon subsequent selection as secretary-elect, she will not be able to serve as councilor-at- large, and the Council President-Elect K. Lynne Moritz will fill that position at the June meeting. Two bylaws amendments appeared on the fall ballots. One specified provisions for oversight of the activities of the Board on Professional Standards by the Executive Council. Forty-seven percent of the votes cast favored this amendment. The second amendment modified the provision in the bylaws that required certification for training and supervising analysts and members of BOPS committees.This “delinkage” bylaw was approved by 44 percent of those voting. Because a two-thirds vote of members is required to pass a bylaw amendment, neither proposal was passed. Approximately 41percent of those eligible to vote returned their ballots, a voting rate similar to that for president. Secretary K. Lynne Moritz, in reporting the results, thanked all those who stood for election and were willing to serve the organization.

4 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 SAN FRANCISCO MEETING

stretches three miles to the Great Highway at Take Your Heart to San Francisco, Ocean Beach.The park boasts a wide range of attractions, including the Strybing Arboretum Part 1 and Botanical Gardens, Japanese Tea Garden, Gary Grossman Stow Lake, California Academy of Science, the newly renovated Conservatory of Flowers, Mark Twain once said,“The coldest winter I Reservations for the tour book up well in and a herd of buffalo! I highly recommend ever spent was a summer in San Francisco.” advance so plan ahead. renting a bike next door to the boathouse at But, I promise you, it wasn’t June he was refer- Although San Francisco has an abundance of Stow Lake and exploring the park through ring to. Although it can happen, our famous hilly streets, it’s a wonderful city to explore on its varied trails. natural air-conditioning, the SF Bay fog, doesn’t foot. My favorite way of exploring on foot is Considered one of the city’s most famous usually blanket the city until July. June is more via the many hidden stairways throughout the landmarks, the Ferry Building, strategically typically a month of mild temperatures (mid to city. The Vulcan Steps, probably one of the located on the Embarcadero at the foot upper 60’s, low 70’s), clear blue skies, and fluffy best examples, can be reached between Ord of Market Street, has recently undergone a white clouds. Although we occasionally have and Levant Streets, near 17th Street in the complete renovation and is more than worth a heat wave, like last June, with temperatures Castro neighborhood. The stairs run two full a visit. Similar in design and function to New ranging from the mid 80’s to low 90’s, this is blocks, offering the visitor charming views of Yo rk’s Grand Central Station, the Ferry Build- nothing compared to what East Coast, South- classic Victorian homes and their gardens. ing Marketplace hosts an array of shops and ern, and Midwest folk are used to. June is also a time of many cultural attrac- tions and events. It’s a perfect time to explore the city on foot and take in the many sites and flavors of our colorful and multicultural urban oasis. Conveniently located on New Montgomery and Market Street,The Palace Hotel, where the 93rd Annual Meeting will be held, is in an ideal location to begin your exploration and enjoyment of San Francisco. From the hotel you can easily walk to the Embarcadero and stroll along the bay, visit the Ferry Building with its new shops, eateries and views, walk to downtown, and then into SF’s Italian neigh- borhood of North Beach, which melts into Chinatown. Head north to Russian Hill and visit Coit Tower.

CULTURAL ATTRACTIONS Photo: Gary Grossman San Francisco has enough to keep a visitor Glorious San Francisco: View from Marina Green occupied for more than a week. I’ll only men- tion my favorites here. Everyone I’ve known Another stairway to climb will take you to eateries, with an emphasis on locally pro- who has taken the tour of Alcatraz, has raved Coit Tower, where you can enjoy spectacular duced goods. If you’re a chocolate lover, be about the experience. A ferryboat leaves views of the city and the bay and see the sure to visit the Scharffen Berger store for from Pier 39 for the 2.5-hour self-guided tour. amazing WPA murals. Begin at the Filbert the best dark chocolate bars in the country Steps, accessed at Sansome, and climb straight and Ricchiuti Confections for the most Gary Grossman, Ph.D., a long-time up. Along the way you’ll see wonderful gardens, unusually flavored treats this side of the San Francisco resident, is chair of the Local quaint homes, and murals. Atlantic including herb, tea, and spice infused Arrangements Committee for APsaA’s June A visit to San Francisco is incomplete with- chocolates. The best day to visit the Ferry meeting. He is faculty at the San Francisco out a trip through Golden Gate Park. Spanning Building is Saturday when the entire bay side Psychoanalytic Institute & Society, assistant more than 1000 acres, Golden Gate Park is is filled with local vendors for a spectacular clinical professor, Department of Psychiatry, larger than New York’s Central Park. It is bor- farmers market. UCSF, and in private practice. dered on the east by Stanyan Street and Continued on page 6

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 5 SAN FRANCISCO MEETING

San Francisco GAY PRIDE WEEK June is also known as Gay Pride Month and Continued from page 5 Resources reaches a crescendo in the week leading up to After you’ve finished shopping and eating the last Sunday of the month. The 28th San at the Ferry Building, consider taking a ferry Francisco International Lesbian & Gay Film Fes- CITY GUIDES & to Sausalito or Tiburon. If the weather is tival runs from June 17 to 27 at the historic Cas- VISITOR INFORMATION right, it’s a wonderful way to enjoy the bay, tro Theater. This is the largest gay/lesbian film http://www.sfvisitor.org/ sun, and views and the most enjoyable tran- festival in the world, presenting over 200 films http://sanfrancisco.citysearch.com/ sit to Marin County. from around the globe.The Queer Arts Festival, Although every major city has fine muse- which takes place throughout the month, will TRANSPORTATION ums, San Francisco offers an unusual selec- showcase cutting edge programming, including http://transit.511.org/schedules/index.asp tion. In addition to visiting the San Francisco theater, spoken word performance, art exhibits, Museum of Modern Art, located just a dance, and multimedia events.The month-long ALCATRAZ ISLAND short walk from the Palace Hotel, consider celebration culminates with the San Francisco http://www.nps.gov/alcatraz/ crossing the street to the Yerba Buena Cen- Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Pride ter for the Arts with its frequently changing Parade on the last day of APsaA’s meetings. innovative installations and a beautiful park. The parade begins at the Embarcadero at 10 HIDDEN STAIRWAYS Nearby in the Civic Center is the new a.m. Sunday, June 27 and will travel down Market OF SAN FRANCISCO Asian Art Museum and in the heart of Lin- Street, past the Palace Hotel, on to Civic Center http://www.sisterbetty.org/stairways/ coln Park, an expansive park and golf for a street festival, which lasts until 6 p.m.This is index.htm course overlooking the bay on the north- one of SF’s biggest tourist attractions, drawing a west side of the city, you may visit the crowd of 300,000 to 500,000 people each year. COIT TOWER Palace of the Legion of Honor. Perhaps San Francisco draws visitors from all over http://www.coittower.org/index.html San Francisco’s most unique museum is the world and June is among its most popular the Exploratorium, located adjacent to the months, so make your restaurant and tour GOLDEN GATE PARK Palace of Fine Arts in the Marina district. plans well in advance. Stay tuned for Part 2 http://www.sfgate.com/traveler/guide/ Known as the Museum of Science, Art and this spring when I highlight the city’s fine sf/neighborhoods/ggpark.shtml Human Perception, the Exploratorium is restaurants, shopping, and entertainment. Also an interactive experience that is enjoyable, keep your eyes out for a more detailed guide surprising, and educational for both children included in the packets sent to those who THE FERRY BUILDING and adults. register for the meeting. http://www.ferrybuildingmarketplace.com/ index.html

FERRIES http://www.goldengateferry.org/ services/visitors/escape.html http://www.sfguide.com/transportation/ ferries.htm

THE EXPLORATORIUM http://www.exploratorium.edu/ index.html

MUSEUMS http://www.sanfranciscoonline.com/ museums.html

GAY PRIDE WEEKEND http://www.sfpride.org/event/index.htm Photo: Gary Grossman San Francisco’s Conservatory of Flowers

6 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 AFFILIATE COLUMN

Although psychoanalytic and psychodynamic Rebuilding Homeland Security: clinicians may focus daily on the impact of crises and trauma in the lives of the people Creating a Bridge from Psychoanalysis with whom they work, the focus has typically been on long-term relief, recovery, and recon- to the American Red Cross struction. On the other hand, in the world Paula Christian Kliger of the American Red Cross Disaster Mental Health clinician/volunteer, the primary goals “Anything that encourages the growth The dream was to build on these Oklahoma of training have focused on the role of the of emotional ties between (people) City experiences. American Red Cross with the community and must operate against war.” the relief of immediate stresses, emotional —Sigmund Freud, 1932, in correspondence RESPONSE TO 9/11 pain, and suffering. with Albert Einstein,“Why War?” Nothing, not even the Oklahoma City One might conclude that individuals who bombing, prepared us for the horrors of Sep- come to the table with disparate, even dis- On a recent drive to Oklahoma City, as I tember 11, 2001. Impassioned to do something, trusting, points of view about how to work watched buffalo grazing against a backdrop the Michigan Psychoanalytic Society’s Crisis effectively with people in crisis and in trauma of the stunning Wichita Mountains, I suddenly Response Committee (CRC) sponsored the would assuredly find it difficult to work recalled that terrible CNN news flash:“April American Red Cross Disaster Mental Health together for a common purpose. However, 19, 1995, around 9:03 AM, just after parents Training at our Psychoanalytic Center to pre- this is not the case when a powerful and dropped their children off at day care at the pare psychoanalysts and psychoanalytically- common purpose captures us. I recall a spe- Murrah Federal Building, the unthinkable informed clinicians to participate more actively cific instance that highlights the synergy and happened.” Timothy McVeigh had set off a with other professional and governmental change that can come from infusing psycho- massive bomb killing 168 people. I came to agencies in local and national crisis and disas- analytic ideas into reality-based crisis coun- Oklahoma City, to the site of the bombing, as ter relief interventions. seling, an emergency relief and recovery an American Red Cross Disaster Volunteer intervention of the American Red Cross DMH assigned to Disaster Mental Health (DMH). I training process. was expected to meet the mental health needs of American Red Cross Disaster work- A DISGUISED CRY FOR HELP ers and to provide crisis counseling and inter- Following the Southern California earth- vention to victims and rescue emergency quake of 1994, I and my DMH training part- workers directly affected by the impact of ner—a psychiatric nurse with a training the bombing. orientation of supportive and cognitive Deeply troubled by this horrendous act, I behavioral therapy—were assigned to Los wanted to do more to demonstrate the Angeles to train local psychologists and social power of the mind in the healing and recovery workers in DMH. The class was unusually process. My Disaster Recovery experience A full class of 22 clinicians participated in large and some clinicians almost immediately changed my life immeasurably. While already the two-day training program, creating a strong became critical of nearly everything about a part of the psychoanalytic community and and resonant bond.The newly certified Amer- the course. One therapist in particular preparing to begin analytic training, I fanta- ican Red Cross Disaster Mental Health vol- served as the voice for the rest when she sized about bringing psychoanalysis closer unteers included psychoanalytic therapists, said,“The course looks superficial and inad- to this world of disaster relief and recovery. psychoanalytic training candidates, and prac- equate for me.” ticing psychoanalysts. My training partner, committed to follow- Inviting the American Red Cross Disaster ing the prescribed mandates of our ARC Paula Christian Kliger, Ph.D., is Mental Health Training into the world of psy- assignment, wanted to simply ignore the president of PsychAssets, specializing in a choanalysis and its community was a ground- complaints and proceed with our two-day psychoanalytically oriented clinical practice breaking step for us that would not have taken training. I suspected that some of the criticism and clinical-organizational consultation to place were it not for the events of September toward the trainers was an expression of business in Southfield, Michigan. She is an 11. The therapeutic philosophy and goals of transference issues that I thought we might advanced psychoanalytic candidate at the the American Red Cross DMH worker and profitably explore. Michigan Psychoanalytic Center and adjunct those of the psychoanalytic community have My assessment paid off because it very assistant professor in the Psychology generally been perceived as quite different quickly became clear that the most vocal Department, University of Detroit Mercy. from each other, perhaps even antithetical. Continued on page 25

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 7 SPECIAL SECTION: GOVERNANCE

The Bumpy Path to Good Governance: Controversy, Dialogue, Collaboration Hinda Simon

The idea for this special section on governance was conceived even more relevant. Michael Maccoby is the director of the Project during a conversation with the TAP Board one evening at dinner. on Technology, Work and Character and the author of several We wondered whether others might be interested in the ideas we books and articles on leadership and organization change. Drawing were sharing and realized that a discussion of group dynamics and upon this background in his article, he sees dialogue that emanates politics in TAP might be useful at this juncture in APsaA’s devel- from respect for differences as the key to good governance. opment. What we did not know then was just how timely the focus In my article, I look at the capability to engage in such a dialogue of these articles would be when they were published. as a developmental step in the life of a maturing organization. The by-laws controversy that raged within APsaA last fall has ren- Newell Fischer discusses APsaA from a historical and political dered the discussions of change and group dynamics in these articles perspective. Bernard Gertler is an organizational consultant who is a specialist in psychoanalytic group relations theory. Hinda Simon, J.D., M.S.W., is a psychoanalyst in Houston, Texas. We hope that the views expressed in this section will be useful She is on the faculty at the Houston-Galveston Psychoanalytic as APsaA continues its reorganization process and that they will Institute and is a clinical assistant professor at the Baylor College help further a spirit of openness and collaboration among our of Medicine. members.

A NON-PROFIT PROFILE Organizational Development A non-profit organization is unique. It is Hinda Simon not formed to make money (although it can) but to fulfill a passion. People with a shared When I joined APsaA nine years ago as an Nine years ago this was primarily mani- vision and commitment come together to affiliate member, I was new to psychoanalytic fested in issues of internal and external inclu- form the organization.This new group is very organizations, but I was no stranger to organi- sion and exclusion. Among these were cohesive, bound by the excitement and satis- zational life. I had served on a variety of chari- controversies involving the admission process faction that come from creating something table boards and had developed some expertise for non-medical members, the selection and new.The skills and personalities of the founders in the area of corporate governance as an composition of committees, and the status of are usually well suited to their birthing task. attorney in the not-for-profit sector. I soon dis- uncertified and affiliate members in organi- Their fervent belief in their mission and their covered that APsaA, like many of the organiza- zational life. Now the tension is focused not ability to convince others of its value facilitate tions I had worked with, was not exempt from only on the “who” of the organization, but on the raising of seed money and attract new its own stressful developmental changes. the “what”—the structure of the organization adherents to their cause.There is little dissent This is even truer today. One has only to itself as articulated in its by-laws. Although and lots of energy. read the Openline for a few minutes to real- this tension is inevitable, it has produced As the organization prospers and grows, ize that APsaA is in a state of disequilibrium. considerable anxiety.The reason this is hap- changes occur which disrupt the heady Perhaps, this is because APsaA is still engaged pening now, almost a century after APsaA excitement and cohesiveness of the early in a long overdue developmental progres- was founded, probably has to do with an years. The founders may tire and age. Also, sion from the founders’ organization it had organizational resistance that has loosened the skills that worked so well to start the been (for longer than the lives of many of only in the last decade or two. In an effort to organization are often different from those the founders themselves) to the more mature place what APsaA is currently experiencing required to build and maintain it. Changes organization it is in the process of becoming. in a larger perspective, it is helpful to under- occur in the external environment and the This has produced a tension between the stand the developmental progression of non- membership that require a fresh perspective. need to change and the fear of change. profit organizations. Continued on page 12

8 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 SPECIAL SECTION: GOVERNANCE

personalities, which not only pains those Achieving Good Governance involved, but also threatens their livelihood. Who wants an incompetent or uncaring analyst for Psychoanalytic Societies or supervisor? At the extreme, which happens Michael Maccoby all too frequently, rivals are labeled paranoids, sociopaths, even psychotics. I have found these What is the best way to govern a psycho- DESTRUCTIVE accusations to be, for the most part, unfounded analytic society? To answer that question, we DYNAMICS or extreme exaggerations based on behavior should first be clear about the society’s pur- Starting with provoked by the vicious cycle. pose, which is, above all, to further the pro- Freud, psychoan- fessional development of its members and alytic societies LET US REASON TOGETHER students. Members usually agree on other have often been What can be done to stop the cycle and purposes, for example, to advance and pro- founded and move the society in a positive direction? When mote the profession through research and originally led by I ask this question, I get different answers. perhaps outreach programs.To engage mem- a charismatic Some members believe that only a charis- bers in working to achieve these purposes, a figure. A group matic leader can bring people together, but Michael Maccoby society must be in tune with their needs and transference to where do you find such leaders? And do aspirations. this leader, who may have analyzed the original members really want the negatives such a Psychoanalysis is lonely and emotionally members, serves to contain normal competi- leader would bring? Other members take a stressful work.The stress has increased with tion, envy, and jealousy among the followers contrary view, believing that more democracy attacks on the profession and, for many, a who want the leader to think well of them. and less hierarchy are the answer. But democ- shortage of patients. Nor do analysts receive They hope for preferment and fear the leader’s racy does not cure factionalism and unless much gratitude from patients, especially when displeasure, which can result in being margin- people share the same values and sense of the analysis is done well and the transfer- alized, even expelled from the society. (Think purpose, democracy can result in the oppres- ence has been dissolved.To gain the full alle- of Victor Trausk, Sandor Ferenczi).These lead- sion of a minority by the majority. giance of members, a society has to provide ers are benevolent mentors to the favored, To b uild a healthy society, it is essential that a supportive environment. It should offer but all too often they model a style of put- members become aware of and put a stop to opportunities to share learning from clinical downs, humiliating disparagement of those corrosive behavior.They must catch themselves experience in a spirit of collegiality. Mem- whom they believe challenge their authority, and each other in disrespectful outbursts and bers should feel respected and appreciated or do not measure up intellectually. practice rational discourse.This does not mean for their service to the society and its teach- In some societies, rather than a single charis- avoiding disagreements about theory, tech- ing institute. matic leader, there is an oligarchy which shares nique, or candidates, but rather learning how to Regrettably, this is not the situation in some power and sets the rules. These hierarchical dialogue about differences. I recommend Daniel societies that suffer from factional conflict and societies can provide a great deal of satisfaction Yankelovich’s useful book, The Magic of Dia- disrespectful disputes, which corrode morale. to favored members, but, as Otto Kernberg logue, (Simon & Schuster, 1999). He describes Many members withdraw, emotionally if not points out, they can be hurtful and harmful to principles for good dialogue: equality among bodily. Distrust and backbiting drive away candidates or members who feel shut out and participants, listening to each other with empa- potential candidates. What causes this malaise? devalued by the oligarchs and the in-group. thy, clarifying assumptions. He writes:“Equality When I’ve asked this question to members of When the charismatic leader or oligarchy in dialogue means that status differences and disputatious psychoanalytic societies, I am told departs, the culture of the society may start to coercive influences are suspended so that stories about the fights that formed the feud- deteriorate. In the struggle for power, members participants can weigh one another’s points of ing factions. These histories suggest some disparage their rivals. Sharp exchanges provoke view on their intrinsic merits rather than on common dynamics. what the sociologist Thomas J. Scheff describes as authority, power or prestige of the speaker.” a vicious cycle of shaming and humiliation, anger Good governance also requires people in that may be repressed leading to revenge. positions of authority with leadership skills, to Michael Maccoby, Ph.D., is a consultant on This cycle rips the social fabric of any society. facilitate meetings and ensure that different leadership and organizational change. After The factions that emerge in psychoanalytic soci- viewpoints are heard. But good leadership alone receiving his doctoral degree from Harvard, eties tend to form around particular training is not enough. All members should take respon- he graduated from the Mexican Institute analysts who compete for control of the society, sibility for maintaining the values of civility and of Psychoanalysis where he was a training including seats on committees and teaching mutual respect. Once a society stops the bleed- analyst. His most recent books are Agents positions in the institute. Rivals openly disparage ing, it can begin the process of rehabilitation. of Change and The Productive Narcissist. each other’s theories, work, competence, and Continued on page 13

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 9 SPECIAL SECTION: GOVERNANCE

the actual practice of psychoanalysis. We A Group Relations Perspective have competing tasks that involve quality assurance, research, career development, on Organizational Issues and other interpersonal needs such as Bernard Gertler dependency, competition, anxiety, and power. I wonder whether there is a clear Bernard Gertler, organizational consultant, co- • Reluctance to use [a group relations per- articulation of the multiple and contested director of the Organization Program and psy- spective] is informed by the psychoanalytic tasks of the organization, their manage- choanalyst with the William Alanson White focus on the individual, which makes it ment in the face of limited resources, Institute, gave these remarks, here excerpted, at hard to broaden the use of psychody- and the tensions that result along with the symposium,“Revitalizing the APsaA from the namics to incorporate a systems view, not the anxieties and coping mechanisms Inside Out,” June 20, 2003, in Boston. only as a structural view, but in the sense of that are employed to accommodate to being able to use concepts such as pro- the tensions. Organizational problems Much of what I have to say needs to be con- jection, introjection, and splitting in the are problems of contested tasks, not sidered in the form of hypotheses. My thoughts social sphere and not just in the consulting individuals. come from the intersection of my interests in room. An additional reluctance is that pro- • Finally, I also wonder about a heroic vision psychoanalysis, group relations, and organization fessionals [in general] resist strong organi- of management where the expectation is consultation. zational structuring because of [their] value that all can be solved (where differences What I have to say can be summarized in on autonomy, proficiency, and individuality. are to be controlled and/or repressed) the following points: Being subject to “command and control” vs. a tragic view that things can only be • Psychoanalysts should, but are reluctant methods to accomplish organizational good enough. to, think in group, inter-group, and organ- ization terms; that they don’t, to my mind, is to the detriment of their organizations, certainly their colleagueship, and, as shown I wonder whether there is a clear articulation by the Marketing Report, maybe their of the multiple and contested tasks of the incomes as well. • I assume you may not be familiar with organization, their management in the face of what I mean by “group relations.” It is a body of knowledge developed at the limited resources, and the tensions that result Tavistock Institute in London, which com- along with the anxieties and coping mechanisms bines an understanding of organizational life in terms of social structural and sys- that are employed to accommodate to the tems concepts, group processes, and individual psychodynamics. These ideas tensions. Organizational problems are problems provide a conceptual framework for of contested tasks, not individuals. shifting from thinking solely about indi- viduals to thinking about organizational life.This shift in thinking is what, I believe, is necessary to accomplish organiza- goals is not something I associate with • In this, as in any organization, there are tional goals, such as marketing profes- people like us.This is especially true in a group, intergroup, and organizational sional practice. volunteer/member organization such as processes that need to be articulated, An example of its use can be seen in APsaA. debated, and reconciled to the extent the issue in the Marketing Report of the • The Marketing Report represents a par- possible with the tensions, history, fan- disconnect between how analysts feel ticular position within the organization, tasies, and defenses against them made about themselves and how patients feel, which is to increase patient referrals and conscious, understood, and metabolized. and how analysts are thought of by the candidates for training. This is well and I assume that much of this is done, but I non-analytic community and by col- good for the Association’s task of devel- think that the use of these [additional] leagues—intergroup phenomena [that oping professional practice. But the Asso- frameworks would enhance the discussion can be] understood in terms like projec- ciation has other tasks, for example, and perhaps normalize, if not lessen, the tion/introjection, helper vs. competitor, credentialing and research, among others. tensions involved by making them more and the like. APsaA is not limited to the support of comprehensible.

10 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 SPECIAL SECTION: GOVERNANCE

HS: Do financial issues affect the organiza- APsaA: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow tion itself? NF: As an organization we are holding our An Interview With Newell Fischer own financially—particularly in contrast to Hinda Simon other mental health organizations. We can always use more financial resources to expand Is APsaA really completing its transition HS: How much do you think APsaA differs now the many things we do. from a founder’s organization to a new level from in the founders’ era, which I am assuming of development? To answer this question, it spanned the time from its founding in 1911 to at HS: What are some of the other changes? seemed essential to hear the views of a least the heyday of psychoanalysis in the 50’s and NF: We have moved toward becoming more member of the current leadership of APsaA. probably beyond that? and more inclusive. Initially this was forced on us Newell Fischer graciously agreed to be inter- NF: Then we were a “training school.” Today by the lawsuit. But then our experience with can- viewed. His take on APsaA and its current our educational activities remain essential— didates from several disciplines convinced us environment is quite relevant to the focus of but as an organization we are much more. In that these mental health professionals were this special section. the beginning it may have been appropriate excellent clinicians, thinkers, and contributors. As for BOPS to maintain the “keys” for candidates we gained confidence in them, we gained con- to enter our Association, but we have out- fidence in ourselves and did not have to retest HS: When did you join what was then called grown that structure. It was a structure to the testers.The Europeans were far ahead of us “The American”? insure quality but it has now become far too in coming to respect diversity, which was one of NF: I joined in the late 1960’s as a student narrow and often stifling to growth. the major factors leading to strife with the IPA but did not become active until the early 90’s It is imperative to expand our thinking and our and our insisting on autonomy after the Second when I became treasurer of the organization. membership if we are to survive. In 2006 the World War.We have come a long way in appre- Prior to that time I was very active in my average age of our membership will be 65.We ciating this diversity, as evidenced by our scientific local institute and society. need a strategy to welcome new, younger mem- programs and our journal. Diversity makes us bers into our organization.We must find ways to question and think and is not a threat. I hope that HS: What are some of the internal changes help younger members finance their education is the case—though some still consider such you have seen at APsaA since you became a and ways to enlist their interests and creativity. openness a major risk to our survival. member? NF: The main thing has been the blossom- ing of the Council with its multiple functions. When I first began attending the Council, It is imperative to expand our thinking there was nothing really to talk about and some of the meetings were finished by lunchtime. and our membership if we are to survive. We were primarily a training organization and BOPS was the only show in town. Now, we struggle to complete Council business in HS: Of course, the cost of training is not the HS: Do you see BOPS as symbolically repre- eight hours. only financial consideration. senting the founders? NF: Right. In the 50’s, I am told, there NF: BOPS represents educational concerns HS: How would you describe that business? was an abundance of potential analytic and almost by function is a conservative ele- NF: Council is now involved in outreach patients. Now graduates worry whether ment in our Association. It is probably helpful to activities, political agendas, insurance issues, they will be able to develop an analytic have such a voice in our structure. It allows for membership benefits, scientific programs, practice. Psychotherapy training programs a sense of continuity of standards. On occasion, and much more. This did not exist 25 years have been added to many institutes however, this voice may restrict or discourage ago and this level of activity is reflected in around the country.Twenty years ago the growth and as such reduce our flexibility to the budget. Whereas, the BOPS budget has thought of such additions to our insti- confront the future. Some of our more cautious plateaued, the Council budget has skyrock- tutes’ curricula would have been blasphe- and conservative members are either unwilling eted. We have become very conscious of mous, raising concerns about blurring of or unable to openly debate their beliefs.That practices issues and struggle with educating boundaries, contaminating the “pure gold,” is unfortunate. Such debate, discussion, and the public and with our public image. In the etc. Currently psychoanalysts see themselves open disagreement allow us all to grow and be past, we remained in the shadows—mysteri- as eminently qualified to teach psychother- enriched. Silence lends itself to distortions, ous even to the sophisticated and worldly. apy—to practice, do research, and train in misunderstanding, and a good deal of rage. We were unknown. psychotherapy. Continued on page 13

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 11 SPECIAL SECTION: GOVERNANCE

Organizational Development official meeting having already reached a group and internal environments. Looking ahead Continued from page 8 decision on the items yet to be discussed, ren- becomes as central as dealing with present dering the official meeting a sham. Until power issues. As a result, subtle changes in the mission Although new blood is needed, the cohesive- could shift to the official group from the and structure of the organization may occur. ness of the founders and their shared history founder’s group, the organization was stuck. Ideally those changes will be evolutionary and and vision are threatened by the arrival of Morale was low, new members drifted away, not revolutionary, reflecting an ongoing dia- newcomers.While some founders worry that and vitality was threatened. A closed system logue between the organizational leadership, its the newcomers will bring perspectives that with power concentrated in too few made members, and other constituents. will undermine their original vision, others see extinction a real possibility. In order to survive, an organization must accept change as a given and have mecha- nisms in place to respond to change in a non-threatening and non-threatened way. A maturing organization must find a Focused discussion groups or retreats that get members thinking about organizational balance between the past and the future. goals and long range planning processes to realize those goals can direct an organization toward a shared sense of the future just as new perspectives and change as necessary for BALANCING ACT the founders had a shared sense of the past. survival. As cohesiveness is replaced by a splin- A maturing organization must find a bal- Conflict can then be replaced by a renewed tering into opposing camps, tension develops. ance between the past and the future. This articulation of the mission (perhaps some- An extreme example from my pre-psy- requires not only different leadership skills what altered from the original) to be accom- choanalytic days involved a “shadow govern- from those needed for gestation, birth, and plished through mutually agreed upon goals ment.” When the organization’s official early nurturing, but perhaps also a more flex- and objectives. leadership committee would call a meeting, ible worldview. Boundaries need to become Where cohesiveness in the founders’ the members who represented the founder’s more permeable; the internal structure must be organization was a given, the need to build faction would meet first and then come to the able to respond to changes in the external Continued on page 13

New PEP Archive

A new PEP Archive 1v4 for PC for Windows and Mac has been issued and shipped to subscribers worldwide. The complete volumes and full-text of three new journals, Annual of Psychoanalysis, Psychoanalytic Psychology, and Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review, are included in this new version of PEP.Additionally, 23 classic books have been added. These new books and journals add to the existing PEP Archive an electronic library that includes the full text of the following premier psychoanalytic journals from 1920 to 2000: Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, International Review of Psycho-Analysis, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, Psychoanalytic Quarterly, Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Psychoanalytic Inquiry, Bulletin of the American Psychoanalytic Association, and Bulletin of the International Psycho-Analytical Association. The PEP Archive database includes over 37,000 articles, which equal 414 volumes and 265,000 printed pages. All articles are fully linked to each other (with automated cross-referencing) and throughout the database one can perform a full text search. As with previous versions, after installing the PEP CD, users will have 15 days to use the PEP Archive and to register the license with PEP.After 15 days, the PEP Archive will no longer open until the license has been registered. The Mac version required extra time for development in order to write a new install program to accommodate the newer Mac operating systems. For further information about the Mac requirements, visit the PEP Web site at http://www.p-e-p.org/mac_os_x.htm. For general information, please check the PEP Web site at http://www. p-e-p.org. Existing customers, who have not yet ordered their V4 and do not know their user name and password, please contact [email protected] numbers are important so you can update your records and view your account. U.S. customer service telephone support: (949) 496-7379. —Nadine Levinson

12 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 SPECIAL SECTION: GOVERNANCE consensus among more diverse views is the Interview HS: Where would you like APsaA to be in necessary condition for the next step in devel- Continued from page 11 five years? opment. Dissent cannot be the enemy. Instead NF: It is imperative for us to focus more on there has to be a structure in place for the HS: Why do you think there is so much tension the world around us. Outreach and genuine safe expression and acknowledgement of being expressed at APsaA right now? involvement with the scientific community, opposing views. NF: I think it is because of the struggles or other professionals, and the public are vital. It The recent governance controversy in challenges we, as individuals and as an organ- is of course very important that we continue APsaA seems to represent the continuing ization, face in the world around us—poor to offer the best psychoanalytic education in transition from the founders’ “American” practice, managed care, government intrusion, the world. But we must also educate the pub- toward today’s APsaA and everything the poor image. As these issues increase, we seem lic about psychoanalysis—what we can offer, changed name signifies.The fact that the sides to get more and more preoccupied with our what our limitations are, and how we can seemed so polarized is symptomatic of APsaA’s inner tensions and discontents. It almost feels apply psychoanalytic understanding to so many difficulty in dealing with disagreement at this like a defensive avoidance of the outside areas—child rearing, politics, corporate entities, stage in its development. But what is equally threats that seem so overwhelming and intol- families, art, and to the study of the brain. significant is that there were forums where erable. We get increasingly involved with I hope also that our research efforts will opposing views could be expressed.The out- inward gazing. multiply, so we might learn more about people, come of the by-laws amendment vote is less I understand the argument that if we got human development, health and illness, about important than that there was such an election our house in better order, we would be in a what works in treatment, and how we can in the first place. As Michael Maccoby points better place to deal with the world around us. contribute more as psychoanalysts. These out in his piece in this section, our challenge is Granted, but I remain dubious about the things are all possible. We have to put our to keep a healthy dialogue going in a way that motive. I have often wondered if we could minds to it. fosters collaboration despite differences. It provide two new full-fee analytic patients for appears that APsaA is headed that way, even if every member, would we be so involved with the road is bumpy. struggles concerning internal governance? Heinz Hartmann Award Good Governance Certified in Continued from page 9 Psychoanalysis This award recognizes an outstanding contribution to I suggest selecting a project team or task by the Board on psychoanalytic scholarship made by force representing all existing factions to Professional Standards a recent graduate of psychoanalytic design an ideal future for the society. This training from APsaA or International should be a systemic or holistic vision that clar- Wednesday, Psychoanalytic Institutes.The awardee ifies purpose: How the society will be seen by January 21, 2004 presents a paper at a scientific meeting others; the supporting structure and processes of the New York Psychoanalytic of governance; the roles, rules, and the “social Certified in Adult Psychoanalysis Society, receives an honorarium, and contract” among members that define the Katherine A. Brunkow, L.C.S.W. may teach a seminar with candidates. obligations of members as well as the benefits The award will be granted to they can expect to receive. Peter Grant, Ph.D. an author of “an exceptionally This vision should be discussed and devel- Lauren Freidus Katz, M.D. meritorious article or book on oped in focus groups led by project team mem- Robin L. Kissell, M.D. psychoanalytic theory, practice, or bers.Then an elected board can work out the Kay McDermott Long, Ph.D. technique that has been published steps of implementation.The ideal psychoana- Timothy H. Rayner, M.D. lytic society is not a kingdom or oligarchy, and within 10 years of the author’s having Elizabeth Weinberg, M.D. certainly not a soulless bureaucracy. Rather it completed psychoanalytic training.” should be a complex, self-organizing adaptive For further information on Certified in Child/Adolescent social system, what organizational theory is application requirements, contact calling a “learning organization.” To achieve this Psychoanalysis Sharon Weller,Administrative Director,The New York Psychoanalytic ideal requires, above all, that members inter- Lee I. Ascherman, M.D. Institute, 247 East 82nd St, New York, nalize the values and vision that support their Sarah M. Knox, M.D. common purpose, to create a society that NY 10028. meets their needs and aspirations.

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 13 From the Unconscious Sheri A. Hunt poetry Elizabeth Wallace is a psychiatrist in private practice in Toronto. A candidate at the Houston-Galveston Psychoanalytic Institute for three years, she recently transferred to the Toronto Institute of Psychoanalysis for her fourth year. Her poetry has been published in the anthologies of the Houston Poetryfest 2002 and 2003, where she was a Juried Poet both years, in the Houston Poetry Review,and in an anthology called Five Inprint Poets by Mutabilis Press, 2003. “Girl, Edited” appeared in the Houston Poetryfest anthology 2002, and New “Bit Parts” in the Five Inprint Poets. Wallace’s clever and fresh use of language is a delight to read. Her brevity and

booklist books by economy of expression allow easy access to her poetry. No image is strained or members overdone. Her poems reminded me immediately of Billy Collins’ poetry with their ready sense of humor and in the way they welcome the reader. In 2003, members of APsaA wrote or edited the following books. Bit Parts Girl, Edited

Sometimes a supporting actor She is too much, so she edits. Robert Langs, Fundamentals of appears— Cuts I want, I need, I wish, Adaptive Psychotherapy and Counseling. Writes you desire, you require, you relish. Palgrave-Macmillan, London. say, a great-uncle who Embellishments go next. Sassy, brash Robert Wallerstein, Commitment smokes Players cigarettes, adjectives slashed for more virtuous verbs and Compassion in Psychoanalysis: brings you lariats to share, to care, to give. Selected Papers of Edward M.Weinshel. to practice rope tricks, Analytic Press, Hillsdale, NJ. a baton to flip, She deletes adverbs boldly, decisively climbs telephone poles trashes showy punctuation…! Robert Wallerstein, Psychoanalysis: with special spiked soles, Possessives my and mine ablated, ours pasted. writes curling pages of poems— Education, Research, Science and She alters size, and voice, and type Profession. International Universities to play the parts that the leads to fit, cuts name to mere initials with a snip. Press, Madison, CT. in your life never Sacrifices truth to please her readers. could. Now indented and neat, she adjusts If you are the author of a book her counted words to not exceed. published in 2003 or subsequently, Fits any given space. and would like to see it listed in TAP, please send the title with your name, —Elizabeth Wallace publisher, publisher’s location, and publication date to Prudy Gourguechon at [email protected]. Sheri A. Hunt, M.D., is a candidate at the Seattle Psychoanalytic Society and Institute in both the adult and child training programs. A published poet and member of TAP’s editorial board, she welcomes readers’ comments and suggestions at [email protected].

14 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 15 CONVERSATIONS WITH PHYSICIANS

Conversations with Physicians on Understanding the Doctor-Patient Relationship Fred L. Griffin and Randall H. Paulsen

The recent focus in academic medicine and in the media on narrative medicine provides a timely opportunity for psychoanalysts to enter into analytically-informed discussions with physicians about ways of understanding the doctor-patient relationship.The term “narrative medicine” was coined by Rita Charon, a professor of internal medicine at Columbia.The core of the practice of narrative medicine is the achievement by the physician of narrative competence:“the competence that human beings use to absorb, interpret, and respond to stories.” (quote from Charon, in 2001 JAMA article) Because our clinical work involves the exploration of the stories our patients tell us—as they unfold within the two-person analytic relationship, we psychoanalysts are in a unique position to contribute to interdisciplinary dialogues and teaching about narrative medicine. Analysts who wish to do so must find ways of entering the physician’s world and of genuinely being helpful to them in their work at the frontlines of patient care.The authors will describe approaches they have found to apply their experience as analysts to the clinical setting of the practicing physician.

Randall H. Paulsen, M.D., is assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, psychiatric consultant to the Integrative Care Center of the Osher Institute for the Study of Alternative and Complementary Medicine and the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and faculty member at the Boston Psychoanalytic Society and Institute. Fred L. Griffin, M.D., is a member of the Missoula Psychoanalytic Study Group and of the San Francisco Psychoanalytic Society. He is a graduate of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School and the New Orleans Psychoanalytic Institute and is currently practicing in Missoula.

Balint Groups: Sharing Experiences Randall Paulsen

For the past ten years I have been involved the subject of promises made to patients in the in “Balint work.” I have an ongoing Balint face of death. In our post-managed care cli- group composed of senior primary care mate in the U.S., the need for interpersonal physicians who meet at each other’s houses connectedness between patients and doctors in the evening twice a month to talk confi- is greater now than ever. dentially about challenging, interesting Balint groups began in post-World War II vignettes from their current clinical practice. England at the Tavistock Clinic under the lead- They usually present one case in detail in an ership of Michael Balint, a Hungarian-born hour and a half.The feedback from the group psychoanalyst whose father had been a pri- as well as an exploration of the presenter’s mary care physician. A great deal of daily experience often result in deep interper- human angst falls in the laps of general practice sonal learning for all participants, myself physicians. This was particularly true in post- M. Stein, M.D. Photo: Edward Michael Balint. Photo courtesy of Don Lipsitt. included. World War II England. Balint began running One example concerned the nighttime trip fortnightly groups of general practitioners for their subjective experience into a generative a doctor made to the hospital after a patient the purpose of helping with this emotional process by which members grow in self-knowl- with AIDS had died.The patient was still in the task. A key point is that he felt the learning edge and perspective on their struggles with hospital bed.The doctor’s mission was to place from the cases was mutual, what he termed patients. The Balint group leader helps to a pair of cowboy boots on the patient’s feet, “research,” and not conveyed wisdom from the assure that an authentic process occurs at a because the one promise the patient had analyst leader. detailed enough level to get beyond general- asked for was to be wearing these boots This model fits well with current notions of izations, but by eschewing a role of concen- when he died.This story led to a very moving intersubjective matrix as it brings the group trated authority, enables members to keep discussion, as many in the group spoke on process and the participants’ comments about taking useful risks with each other.

16 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 CONVERSATIONS WITH PHYSICIANS

Using Literature to Teach Narrative Medicine Fred Griffin

This past year I led two discussion groups on The second series, held last fall, was called “Conversations for Physicians,” where we “The Fortunate Physician: Learning from Our explored the nature of the physician-patient Patients,” inspired by John Berger’s A Fortu- relationship and what it is like to be a physician. nate Man: The Story of a Country Doctor,a In the first, held in the spring of 2003, 14 book-length essay about the life of Dr. John practicing physicians participated in “William Sassall. The descriptions of Sassall’s profes- Carlos Williams:A Physician for Our Times,” a sional development and the clinical vignettes series of four weekly discussions using Williams’ showing him at work opened discussions that The Doctor Stories to explore what happens provided us with many opportunities to between doctor and patient in the clinical explore concepts of therapeutic alliance, trans- encounter.Williams is a master at capturing the ference-countertransference, self-inquiry, empa- experience in words that are so true to life and thy and intuition, and clinical process without so far away from the technical language that using psychoanalytic terminology that may physicians may use to distance themselves seem irrelevant, if not off-putting, to physicians. from emotion and (at times) from the patient. With my encouragement, a few tried their William Carlos Williams as an intern at Discussing these thinly veiled autobiograph- hands at narrative writing, which, they came Nursery and Child’s Hospital, New York. Reprinted with permission from ical stories written by a practicing physician, to discover, stimulated self-reflection and led New Directions Publishing Corp. the doctors in this group were given license to to deeper insight into their encounters with talk about their experiences in ways they had patients. not done before. One older doctor said this Randall Paulsen and I find our work with to physicians. We will be leading a discussion to me in his class critique: “I have talked with practicing physicians an exciting and rewarding group at the June 2004 APsaA meeting in SF other doctors for decades about cases, about analytic experience. We hope that our expe- on “Conversations with Doctors: From Balint business, but I have never talked with them rience will encourage you to find your own Groups to Narrative Medicine.” Please join about what it is like to be a physician.” ways of engaging in interdisciplinary outreach us there to continue the discussion.

The Vulnerable Child—Long Term Effects of Divorce The ongoing Vulnerable Child Discussion Group, chaired by Ted Cohen,is APsaA’s oldest forum of its kind.This year’s event in San Francisco is a special program organized by Judith Wallerstein. Wallerstein, an APsaA member, is widely considered the leading expert in the country on the effects of divorce on children. June’s Vulnerable Child discussion will deal with how to understand and ameliorate the conflicts between divorcing parents that arise and endure paradoxically long after the breakup, baffling clinicians and courts, and damaging children. Wallerstein told TAP that the courts are overwhelmed by the volume of post decree litigation.The issue of lasting post divorce conflict has not been resolved in either the mental health or legal professions. As Wallerstein states,“This is surely not what divorce was designed to accomplish for children or parents.” The program will include three mental health experts in the area, Carol George, presenting on “Infants in Court Ordered Overnight Visitation:At Risk of Attachment Disorganization?”; Barbara Hauser discussing counter transference issues related to working with divorcing families in court. Janet Johnston, professor in the Administration of Justice Department at San Jose State, will discuss the central accusations in post divorce litigation of parent alienation and enmeshment. Justice Donald H. King (ret.), long recognized as the most influential voice in the California Courts on behalf of children of divorce and advocate for changes in the court system, will discuss the presentations along with Wallerstein. In combining legal and psychoanalytic perspectives on the needs of children in divorce, this program is following in the tradition of the groundbreaking work by Anna Freud,Albert Solnit, and Joseph Goldstein (Yale professor of Law) a half century ago, work which led to the seminal text, Beyond the Best Interests of the Child. Look in the upcoming San Francisco meeting program for further details on this discussion group.

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 17 “Many cartoonists are extremely neurotic, extremely angry and they work that out SHRINKwatch through their cartoons,” commented Urry. “But they make us laugh at ourselves in a benign way. Barsotti relies on the anthropo- Somebody Moved My Bowl: morphism of cartoons and that makes his work all the sillier and sweeter. He milks all The Genre of Couch Cartoons his characters.” Dottie Jeffries In Barsotti’s couch cartoons, dogs are just as valued as kings. One of Barsotti’s per- But did you read the cartoons? to the attention of Shrinkwatch and turned sonal favorites among his works is the car- The habit of most readers of magazines over her archives of Barsotti’s couch cartoons, toon in which the canine exclaims, “They with cartoons, such as The New Yorker and hoping that more APsaA members might moved my bowl” (this cartoon accompanies even Playboy, is to skim the text and read the come to know his work and enjoy his humor. this article). cartoons first—forget for the time being “The Talk of the Town” or the latest fiction, the the- ater reviews or the centerfold (well, maybe). What provides more relief to daily life than a touch of humor, particularly humor akin to one’s profession? And for readers who happen to be psycho- —cartoonbank.com analysts, the cartoons that grab their immediate

attention are the simple couch cartoons— The New Yorker usually bearing the customary trademarks of a therapist (sometimes human, sometimes canine) in a chair and a patient (sometimes human, sometimes canine) on a couch, that symbolic confessional device. “Couch cartoons are actually a cartoon Cartoon: Copyright 2004 C. Barsotti genre, one of the archetypal classics just like the desert island gags that we all instantly As a child, Barsotti grew up reading all the Dogs? Kings? What are Barsotti’s cartoons understand visually.The couch plays the same comics of his day, like Li’l Abner and Captain really about? Shrinkwatch called upon a New repetitive role, but the humor is created in the Marvel. He was smitten by the comic, the Yo rk cartoonist for her perspective on Bar- gag line through the constancy and the relia- illustrative form of humor. sotti’s work—a personage known to many bility of the image of the couch combined After a stint at Hallmark cards, Barsotti was APsaA members, the New York Times critic with the freshness and quirkiness of a new hired by the old Saturday Evening Post, where and reporter Sarah Boxer. She is also the and contemporary gagline. It is not enough to he eventually became cartoon editor. When author of In the Floyd Archives,a delightful book have a subject on the couch who is charming the Post folded (“sad day that”), Barsotti containing a series of cartoon case histories, and adorable or a therapist who looks eccen- moved on to other magazines. essentially an animal tour of all things Freudian. tric or remarkable.To make the cartoon work, “It’s the nature of a cartoonist to be obser- Shrinkwatch shared with her the portfolio of it requires a combination of the familiar and vant,” Barsotti said recently during a phone Barsotti couch cartoons. the surprising,” remarked Playboy’s esteemed interview from his home in Kansas City, Mis- Boxer replied: “Does Barsotti have issues cartoon editor, Michelle Urry, who has been at souri. “I find it’s best to start drawing and see with loyalty? When he draws someone or the magazine for 25 years in this capacity. where that exercise leads.” So he starts with a something on the couch to be psychoana- For a number of years, APsaA member king, and moves on specifically to Albert the lyzed, it’s usually a king (one who demands loy- Rosemary Cogan has followed the couch car- Great, a type of name most intriguing to him. alty) or a dog (the ultimate loyalist). And the toons of one particular cartoonist, Charles Barsotti finds the notion of an adjective fol- subject, drawn in a few simple, even lines, Barsotti, who has published in Playboy as well lowing a person’s name quite humorous.The always lies stiffly on the couch, with feet point- as in The New Yorker. Cogan brought his work concept of “great” following Albert’s name ing straight up. But despite the preponder- provokes Barsotti to put him on the couch, a ance of kings and dogs, Barsotti’s gag lines are Dottie Jeffries is director of public affairs for place from which the King can confide his surprisingly free of loyalty talk.” the American Psychoanalytic Association. anxieties and troubles to his therapist. Continued on page 19

18 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 Boxer continued: “The kings on the couch talk about not being truly loved or respected. They need to get rid of their defenses, their moats and drawbridges and reputations. The dogs have a touch of paranoia: Their dog dishes were moved, they hear high-pitched whistles, they think their masters are in a cult, . or they fear jumping up on the analyst’s couch. Playboy The kings and dogs are Everyman. Maybe that’s why Barsotti rarely draws an ordinary man on the couch. He doesn’t have to.” For the past five years, The New Yorker has

held a Cartoon Caption Contest. The most magazine. Copyright 1969 by recent rendition of this competition intro- duced a new element as announced in a Playboy November 2003 issue—that of a variety of components that could be added to a basic Barsotti couch cartoon.The reader could cut out one or more of the figures, arrange them as he/she likes, write a caption, and mail The New Yorker the crafted cartoon. The New Yorker then picked the best idea and Barsotti drew the cartoon.The winning cartoon Cartoon: by special permission Reproduced of was published in the January 26th magazine. conflicted dogs. Other readers left his place in the world:“Sometimes I As The New Yorker wrote in that issue: the couch blank, stacked all eight think everybody’d be better off if I For this year’s cartoon-caption characters on top of one another, or was a bird or a plane” (Kip Conlon, contest, we challenged our readers performed cosmetic surgery (the of Brooklyn). In another, the king to make their own Charles Barsotti squirrel, wearing the superhero’s complains to the therapist, “Mom cartoon. Barsotti drew the basic cape, became a flying squirrel; the always liked you best” (June Ander- setup—a therapist taking notes next woman, her hair painted with Wite- son and Dr. Alice McKay, of Hen- to an empty couch—and then sup- Out, became Barbara Bush). The derson, Nevada). plied characters who ranged from squirrel was the least popular char- The winning entry was created the conventional (man, woman) to acter; the most popular was the by Danial Adkison, of Brooklyn, who the unconventional (squirrel, super- screwdriver, who was the source of received a version of his cartoon hero), from the surreal (dragon, numerous jokes about sex (captions drawn by Charles Barsotti. screwdriver) to favorites from the too obvious to print), alcohol (“I Barsotti oeuvre (king, dog).The task don’t even like vodka”), and general “I can smell my own fear.” was the for readers was more difficult than in malaise (“I just don’t know which caption. past years, but they responded with way to turn”). More than a few read- Couch cartoonists projecting their obser- the same enthusiasm. In fact, some- ers mistook the screwdriver for a vations of ordinary man through comic thing about the process of cutting, parking meter, and a couple even scenes, comic characters, even through comic pasting, and designing an original thought it was a guitar. animals, using the device of the couch, the piece of humorous artwork inspired In the end, though, the best car- device of the confession to therapist. Some- the amateur cartoonists to new toons were those that combined body moved my bowl.The shrink in popular heights. Call it group therapy. this spirit of experimentation with culture thrives. According to the contest’s rules, the original mission of the contest: the characters could be cut out and to create a genuine ersatz Barsotti [Editor’s Note: TAP thanks The New Yorker placed on the couch. Most readers cartoon, complete with psycholog- for permitting us to reprint its article and also went for a single-character setup, ical depth and poignant wit. In one Playboy magazine and The Cartoon Bank proposing self-hating dragons, sexu- of the entries that we selected as (www.cartoonbank.com) for allowing the reprint ally confused kings, and Oedipally finalists, the superhero muses about of the cartoons in this issue of TAP.]

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 19 TERRORISM

Combating Terrorism until they fully understand the conflicts” is doesn’t ameliorate certain early traumas, which Continued from page 1 required in a peace talks process, he con- may even be passed on to another generation tends, and compared Senator George Mitchell, in some form, then several hundred years for party then made up of both Catholics and whom he felt fully understood this, to one of a whole nation to process grave historical Protestants. In 1987, he became party leader. his best psychotherapy supervisors. events does not seem so long.” Working in this position, he was later able to As in psychoanalytic therapy,Alderdice also Using such insights, interpretations can be lead his party’s delegations to the Inter-Party found inclusivity to be essential. “If a patient says directly made to the warring political groups. and Inter-Governmental Talks in Belfast, Lon- that there are two or three things that can not One such interpretation occurred the first don, and Dublin on the future of Northern Ire- be discussed in treatment, that doesn’t work!” time Nationalist leaders met directly with Ian land, to represent his party in the Forum for he said. Similarly, all parties needed to be Paisley’s Unionist group. “You had to talk about Peace and Reconciliation established by the included within a peace process for it to work, the fear that was in the room, and you wanted Irish Government (the only non-Nationalist and all viewpoints represented. Also, the peace to create at the same time enough collegiality party in attendance), and to ultimately lead the talks had to develop a “containing structure” to bind the group together temporarily.” Thus, Alliance Delegation in the multi-party peace that remains to stabilize the process, even Alderdice stated to both sides, “Everybody talks chaired by Senator George Mitchell. after elections occur.“Just as you don’t leave a outside believes that we will fail, and there is a Alderdice observed that while he had been psychotic patient who has been hospitalized real danger that we will. If we go too far, if we analyzed, “my party hadn’t!” Many members and needs to return to treatment, “ it has give too much, we will betray our constituen- joined this party out of fear of the violence been important not only to establish an end cies, but if we can’t reach agreement and must between Catholics and Protestants, and pre- to terrorist violence in Northern Ireland, but return to the violence and the hopelessness, ferred that its leaders make even-handed also to establish political structures to help we will betray future generations.” In doing this, comments about each side of the conflict. the peace endure. he explicitly named the anxieties operating on each side, but also reminded each group of the realistic reasons for their cooperation. Alderdice pointed out that not just one inter- pretation, but a process of repeated inter- Humiliation and profound disrespect ventions was needed, as in therapy, to allow the peace process to continue. of another’s experience are the most Developing a process of respect between the party representatives had been vital to important contributors to violence. the peace process, for, he believes, humilia- tion and profound disrespect of another’s experience are the most important contribu- tors to violence. During the peace talks and This attempt at balance did not fully address PAST IS PRESENT afterwards it was crucial to find a way for the the evolving situation. Alderdice, by contrast, Lord Alderdice emphasized the importance parties to disagree while still treating each used psychoanalytic principles to guide his of understanding the tremendous anxiety other respectfully. Because of this perspec- conflict resolution work, and found that this members and leaders of both sides of the tive, the Irish peace process was constructed, approach was gradually accepted. conflict experience, and of observing how the not as “horse-trading among conflicting First, Alderdice found it most helpful to different political parties defensively process groups,” but rather as the establishment of make an intervention only appropriate to a and express this anxiety. In his view, the anger, systems of communication among the par- current event, even if it seemed to support frustration, and resistance to the peace talks he ties to the conflicts. one of the warring parties in favor of another. witnessed were expressions of deep anxiety “You’d have to believe that the other side within the different communities that they SOLIDIFYING PEACE would eventually do something later that you could be annihilated. Each side had not just fan- The Irish and British governments regard the could address, and, that over time, you would tasies of annihilation, but real historical exam- peace process as requiring several steps to thus be seen as even-handed, and trusted to ples to remind them of this possibility, and, as become firmly established. The peace talks, be honest,” he remarked. Like good therapy, in psychoanalysis, the history of past conflicts then the establishment of the Northern Ireland he noted, political conflict resolution involved cannot be ignored. Certain English ministers Assembly began the process. Now, an Inde- establishing two-way communication, and a couldn’t believe that memories of “1641, when pendent Monitoring Commission monitors process of regular meetings (three days a some of our people were massacred by these and reports on paramilitary cease-fires, secu- week) over years. “A long-term commitment people” were still invoked with great emotion, rity force normalization, and political terms of involving people who don’t make interventions he noted. “If 40 or 50 years for an individual Continued on page 36

20 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOANALYTICAL ASSOCIATION

of Interest have been received from two IPA Unveils Strategy for Tackling regional bodies, including APsaA, as well as from a number of smaller applicant groups. Crisis in Psychoanalysis The first 2004 deadline for applications was Donald Campbell March 1. The IPA is encouraging those who were unable to meet this deadline, to take In November 2003, the International Psy- strategy allows for two application streams: advantage of the second opportunity in 2004 choanalytical Association launched its new Stream A for those yet to carry out the inves- and get their applications in by September 1. strategy aimed at tackling the crisis in psycho- tigative groundwork needed to make an accu- It is hoped that money will be available to analysis reported by societies across the globe rate assessment of the local impact of the fund DPPT projects in subsequent years. arising from the decline in both the number of crisis and its causes, and Stream B for those We see the strategy as a long-term invest- patients seeking full analysis and candidates in who already possess this information and wish ment by the IPA. Bearing in mind the nature of psychoanalytic training. As the IPA’s new sec- to implement action plans to tackle the causes the crisis faced by societies, we may only be retary-general, I will be directing this strategy of the crisis. able to judge the impact of the DPPT strategy under a program called Developing Psycho- IPA members have each received a “Request after a decade or so. analytic Practice and Training (DPPT). In July for Proposals,” informing them how to submit Anyone requiring more information about 2003, the new Board of Representatives allo- “Expressions of Interest” for projects to be the DPPT should e-mail Piers Pendred at the cated $300,000 for 2004 to fund local and funded under the strategy. So far, Expressions IPA—[email protected]. regional DPPT projects. While there are common factors con- tributing to the decrease in analytic patients and candidates, the DPPT recognizes that London’s Donald Campbell, local conditions contribute significantly to the nature of the crisis experienced by spe- New IPA Secretary-General, cific societies and that locally devised action Promoting Grass Roots plans offer the best hope of addressing the Action to Address Crisis problem. The strategy has, therefore, been designed to empower individual societies to in Psychoanalysis grapple with the challenges they face on a local level. Donald Campbell’s solid American accent was For societies in the same locality, region, or a surprise when he began his first address to the Executive Council as secretary-general of the IPA. country facing similar challenges, the strategy Photo: Deborah Steinke has been designed to offer them the flexibility Campbell will serve as secretary during the last IPA Secretary-General Donald Campbell presented details of to group together and jointly develop projects two years of President Daniel Widlocher’s term. new DPPT project in New York. to assess and remedy the problems they col- Born in Beaver Falls, a mill town in western lectively face. Pennsylvania, Campbell emigrated to London to The DPPT also takes into account the dif- study with Anna Freud in 1969. Always wanting to train in analysis, he received ferent starting positions of societies. Some a master’s degree in social work at Catholic University in Washington D.C. before societies or regional bodies, including APsaA, moving to England. are already well advanced in their recognition As secretary-general, Campbell is leading and promoting the Developing and assessment of the crisis they face, whereas Psychoanalytic Practice and Training project (DPPT) [see this TAP,above].This project others have yet to come to confront the situ- aims to encourage action from the bottom up, rather than promoting it from the ation. Taking this difference into account, the top down. “I think there is a crisis in psychoanalysis represented by the decline in the number of patients in our practices and the decrease in the number of candidates in training,” Donald Campbell is secretary-general said Campbell in his address to the Council. “This is a worldwide problem; we need of the International Psychoanalytical to draw on talent worldwide to solve it.” Association. He is past president of the The IPA’s new emphasis on grass roots action has three strands, Campbell explained. British Psychoanalytical Society, where he First, the DPPT,second, support to new groups in new areas, and third, fostering links is a training and supervising analyst for adult, to non-analytic groups with mutual interests. child, and adolescent patients, and is also —Prudy Gourguechon former chair of the Portman Clinic.

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 21 CURRICULUM

that dreams have meanings that can be inter- preted and presents the results of his ongoing curriculum investigation of unconscious mental processes, processes he calls “the dreamwork.” Again, navigating according to his question is most Beginning with Freud’s Questions enlightening. He asks, “What is the nature of Ellen Rees and Lee Jaffe the latent dream thoughts and what alter- ations have they undergone to form the man- Consider a strategy for teaching Freud in Freud himself suggests this method. In his ifest dream?” which the educational goal is to present can- preface to the second edition of the Preliminary He goes on to develop the concept of the didates with an integration of the historical Communication, he wrote,“I can give no better dreamwork, which leads to elaboration of the and the concept based methods. These two advice to anyone interested in the develop- concepts of the primary process and the sec- approaches can be combined by following ment of catharsis into psychoanalysis than to ondary process, unconscious motivation, modes the questions that Freud asked himself, mak- begin with the Studies on Hysteria and thus fol- of representation and symbolization, regula- ing it possible to weave the past and the low the path that I myself have trodden.” In tory principles, and the economic point of view. present of psychoanalytic thinking together in these early cases, Freud asks what hidden fac- He elaborates the functioning of defense, and it a lively way. tors could account for the perceptible dis- becomes the basis for his first model of mind, The didactic emphasis is shifted from Freud’s continuities between apparent symptoms and the topographic model, giving us our concept thinking to what he was thinking about and the presumed but unknown causes. of the dynamic unconscious. By emphasizing questions he was trying to answer. It places He comes to appreciate the power of Freud’s questions, candidates are encouraged Freud’s contributions in a context of evolving unconscious ideas and feelings, the role of to understand the provisional nature of theory ideas and allows candidates to think about conflict and psychological defense, as well as building, to join Freud in his enthusiasm for the relevance of his thinking for questions we the relationship of pathogenic memories to exploring the unknown, and hopefully to are still asking today.The method involves a dia- their somatic expression. He discovers free develop their own potential to be psychoana- logue, a tension between the history of Freud’s association, resistance, and begins to under- lytic investigators. ideas and the evolution of his concepts. We will stand transference. He presents his first ideas In deciding how to include Freud in the try to give a feel for this strategy in relation to about pathogenesis and therapeutic action curriculum, it is also important to plan the cur- two of Freud’s seminal works. and investigates the impact of reality on men- riculum as an organic whole, thereby making tal representation and memory. the curriculum greater than the sum of its Since these are issues that we wrestle with parts. Each specific course decision will reflect Ellen Rees, M.D., is training and supervising today, if we can establish a kind of fluctuating the educational goals, the interests, and the analyst and former chair of the Curriculum figure and ground between past and present, resources of an institute, with Freud’s contri- Committee at the Columbia Center for thinking about clinical phenomena comes alive bution being an essential part of the overall Psychoanalytic Training and Research. as a process. Candidates learn how to think educational strategy. Highlighting the dialectic She is on the Editorial Board of JAPA and about the mind, not just what to think about it. between questions Freud asked and the a member of Project 2000. Lee Jaffe, Ph.D., Consider this second example. In The Inter- answers they led to models a process of inquiry is a member of the Editorial Board of TAP. pretation of Dreams, Freud both demonstrates as well as teaching a body of thought.

Correction

In the Fall/Winter 2003 TAP, the —cartoonbank.com insert practice guideline should have been titled “Informed Consent to

The New Yorker Review” rather than “Committee on Peer Review.” We have reprinted the insert so it will be titled correctly for your future reference. Our apologies to the hard working Peer Review Committee and to the members. Cartoon: Copyright 2004 C. Barsotti

22 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOANALYSIS

to ensure the survival of psychoanalysis as a NAPsaC: A Work in Progress discipline, helped to dilute initial anxieties and, Arthur Leonoff although NAIPAG faltered, the concept of North American regionalism as a worthwhile As we look at how the concept of region- They had to decide who would represent goal endured. In 2000, the IPA established a alism has taken hold in the IPA, we see that North America on the HOD and they needed budgetary commitment of $10,000 toward North America has been very late to the a forum to discuss policy issues where a com- the development of a regional organization starting gate relative to Europe and Latin mon voice would be advantageous to all. It in North America. In this spirit and context America. In large part, this has had to do with was in this climate that North American IPA the North American Psychoanalytic Confed- the constitutional status of APsaA within the Groups (NAIPAG), the first organization of its eration, NAPsaC, was founded to continue IPA as the only “regional association.” APsaA, kind, evolved. Despite initial enthusiasm and where NAIPAG left off.The name change was due to its size and influence, was recognized effort, after several years NAIPAG fizzled.The intended to highlight the establishment of a from the outset as more than an IPA compo- reasons for this represent some of the same new vision for psychoanalysis in our region.Two nent organization and, in this regard, it stood challenges evident today. APsaA presidents, Dick Fox and now Newell for the North American region. First, there was no tradition of sharing among Fischer, have proven to be essential supporters Nevertheless, this was never actually the any of the component groups. The CPS had of this vision and opened the door to NAPsaC case. Psychoanalysis in Canada had been brew- never had any formal links with APsaA despite as a forum for dialogue among North Amer- ing since Ernst Jones settled in Toronto between many strong personal ties between members. ican IPA psychoanalysts. 1908 and 1913. Finally in 1952, with influences In fact, links to France and England have always As Japan was also included in North Amer- from America, England, and France, the Cana- been as important as American influences in ica for purposes of IPA groupings (just as Aus- dian Psychoanalytic Society was founded. Cen- Canadian psychoanalysis. Thus, there was no tralia is included in Europe), the fledgling JPS tered in Montreal and Toronto but spreading pressing need for closer association, at least became a member of NAPsaC. Moreover, to seven branches in six cities, the CPS rep- from the Canadian side. although Mexico (APM) is formally part of resents a stable and productive psychoanalytic presence north of the 49th parallel. In addition, within the United States, there NAPsaC has defined itself as a collegial was also a non-IPA, burgeoning, psychologist- dominated psychoanalytic movement whose and collaborative organization that seeks to members were prevented from joining the bring added benefits to the individual members IPA because of APsaA’s insistence on medical credentials as a basis for membership. When in the North American region. this barrier dissolved, four vibrant independent societies, each with its own long-standing his- tory, were constitutionally incorporated into Second, the independent groups within the Latin America (FEPAL), NAPsaC remains com- the IPA. Later, they developed an umbrella U.S. could not be blamed for not trusting in mitted to including the APM in its activities. organization, the Confederation of Indepen- the benevolence of APsaA, which had opposed NAPsaC has defined itself as a collegial and dent Psychoanalytic Societies (IPS).The pres- their participation in the IPA for so many years. collaborative organization that seeks to bring ence of another four to five hundred IPA Third, the size, depth, and diversity of APsaA added benefits to the individual members in analysts in the United States has added richly allowed it to function as a regional associa- the North American region. Its organizational to the diversity of the North American mix. tion without apparent need for input from structure has yet to be finalized.Yet,it has ini- other groups. tiated planning for a conference on psycho- TENTATIVE BEGINNINGS Finally, the essential impetus for regional- analytic education to be held in early 2005. Despite these developments, it was not ization came initially from the IPA and its NAPsaC is a joint sponsor with the Euro- until the first major stirrings of IPA democra- requirements rather than from the North pean Psychoanalytic Federation (EPF) of the tization occurred, resulting in the formation of American groups. Thus, the first steps were biannual European/North American clinical the House of Delegates (HOD), that the hesitant and the rationale for such inter-group conference to be held in Tubingen, Germany, North American leadership looked to each collaboration was not so obvious at the outset. in July 2004.This meeting has a limited enroll- other for some type of formal interrelationship. ment of 36 invited North American delegates. THE GOAL OF REGIONALISM ENDURED NAPsaC is also talking to FEPAL, the Latin Arthur Leonoff, Ph.D., C. Psych., is chair of However, starting in the late 1990’s, an American regional association, about resuming NAPsaC and past president of the Canadian understanding that all analysts had to pull joint clinical meetings. Psychoanalytic Society. together for common cause grew.This effort Continued on page 36

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 23 INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOANALYSIS

Celia Katz de Historic IPA-IPSO Liaison Eskenazi from Argentina and Breaks New Ground for Sverre Varvin from Norway. At Candidates Internationally present, IPSO is Richard Fox and Lee Jaffe represented by its new president, LEE JAFFE: The politics of Bernard Keuer- EMERGING IPSO TRACKS APSAA MODEL IPSO remaining leber from Ger- Richard Fox More than 30 years ago, the National Can- completely sepa- many, and its didates Council (NCC), a loosely knit organi- rate from the IPA acting, interim treasurer, Francesco Castellet y zation of candidates in training at APsaA are complex, not Ballara from Italy. Because their election was institutes, came up with a proposal for a can- always clear, and delayed by the cancellation of the Toronto didate category of membership.The proposal, certainly beyond Congress, the IPSO representatives from written by Robert Nemiroff, then in training at the scope of this North and Latin America are expected to be the Western New England Institute, was pub- article. Keep in named in March. Despite the delay in our lished in the April 1971 NCC Newsletter (Vol- mind that APsaA’s meeting in person, the committee began its Lee Jaffe ume 1, Number 2, p. 2). His outline for creating relationship to its work by e-mail. the special membership category for candi- institutes is based on a very different organi- As someone who played a part in the devel- dates included: active representation on work- zational structure than the IPA’s relationship opment of APsaA’s affiliate membership and ing committees (especially those that affect to the institutes of its societies. While there Affiliate Council, there is a certain déjà vu training), full voting rights, increased partici- are minimal training requirements to be an quality as we begin our work, but certain cau- pation in the scientific meetings, as well as institute within an IPA society, there is no tions apply to this simple comparison. As Lee reduced fees for journals and bulletins. IPA equivalent of BOPS. Unlike APsaA, the Jaffe points out, the IPA structure does not As the saying goes, the rest is history.Thanks IPA is an organization of societies not insti- include a BOPS configuration.Training functions to the efforts of many candidates and analysts tutes, so its relationship to candidates is fun- of IPA societies are defined locally or by over the last three decades, there is now a can- damentally different. national standards. Because training functions didate membership category in APsaA. Affili- At first, I was surprised to learn that there are not centralized internationally or regionally, ate members vote, have their own Affiliate were no formal IPSO-IPA connections. I was neither IPSO nor the IPA has a clear idea of Council, participate on the committees of the used to the tradition at APsaA, where candi- the names, numbers or location of all the can- Executive Council and BOPS, have the bene- date inclusion has been growing rapidly.With didates in training at IPA societies. Hence, one fit of full involvement in the scientific pro- the support of the IPSO Executive Committee of our first tasks will be to identify our con- gram, and receive reduced fees for meetings and three notable IPA officers, Robert Tyson, stituency and establish an international roster and publications. Otto Kernberg, and Daniel Widlocher, an IPA of candidates that then can be incorporated Internationally, candidate interest in organi- “Workgroup” was established to consider into the next IPA roster. zational involvement has also progressed over possibilities for developing IPSO-IPA relations. It may be difficult for us to recollect the the last 30 years, but with a very different One outcome of those efforts is the historic kinds of anxieties that were associated with outcome. Rather than seeking membership establishment of a new IPA standing commit- the early development of our own affiliate in the IPA, candidates organized and created tee to explore and develop mutually produc- programs. Fears were raised that increased an independent organization: the International tive relations between the IPA and IPSO. candidate involvement in APsaA would Psychoanalytic Studies Organization (IPSO). Richard Fox, our own past-president, is the breach the ambiance of training relation- Since the 1970s, no formal relationship has committee’s first chair. ships, not only that of the analyst and the existed between IPSO and the IPA, even analysand, but also that of the teacher and though membership in IPSO stipulates that a RICHARD FOX: the student. Would the transference be con- candidate must be in good standing at an IPA-IPSO LIAISON— taminated? Would candidates act out or have institute of an IPA society. A WORK IN PROGRESS their contributions interpreted and disre- Our new IPA-IPSO Committee, now in its garded? What effect would this expanded Lee Jaffe, Ph.D., is past-president of the APsaA formative stages, is planning to hold its initial student-teacher relationship have on the Affiliate Council and past-president of IPSO. meeting in New Orleans in March. [Editor’s training hierarchy, and might such a change Richard Fox, M.D., is past-president of APsaA note:TAP went to press before this meeting was lower standards? and chair of the IPA-IPSO Liaison Committee. held.] Scheduled to join me on the IPA side are Continued on page 36

24 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 LEGAL ISSUES

As Newell Fischer said in his November APsaA Helps Win Massachusetts 18, 2003, posting to our membership, “We should all feel quite pleased with our partici- Gay/Lesbian Marriage Case pation in this important effort and the favor- Gary Grossman able outcome.” Fischer told TAP,“The American Psychoan- On November 18, 2003, after many months Couple and Family Institute of New England, the alytic Association fully supports these actions— of deliberation, the highest court in Massa- Massachusetts Association for Psychoanalytic actions that are an affirmation of our belief in chusetts ruled that prohibiting gay and lesbian Psychology, and the Gottman Institute. individual freedom.” couples from civil marriage was in violation of This was not the first time our association the state’s constitution. Chief Justice Margaret considered the issues of same-sex marriage Marshall stated in the ruling:“Barred access or gay and lesbian parenting. In 1997,APsaA to the protections, benefits, and obligations endorsed a Marriage Resolution circulated of civil marriage, a person who enters into an nationally by Lambda Legal Defense which Homeland Security intimate, exclusive union with another of the stated: Continued from page 7 same sex is arbitrarily deprived of membership in one of our community’s most rewarding and Because marriage is a basic human woman had been a victim of the earth- cherished institutions.That exclusion is incom- right and an individual personal quake—she had just lost much of her home, patible with the constitutional principles of choice, RESOLVED, the State should precious memories, and possessions. She respect for individual autonomy and equality not interfere with same-gender felt frightened, insecure and as though she under law.” couples who choose to marry and had been unjustly unprepared and unpro- The New England advocacy organization share fully and equally in the rights, tected from such a disaster. She was looking Gay & Lesbian Advocates & Defenders responsibilities, and commitment of for someone to soothe her and pay emo- (GLAD) argued the case on behalf of Hillary civil marriage. tionally for her losses. As she opened the and Julie Goodrich and six other gay/lesbian And in 2002 a Position Statement on gay wellsprings of earnest dialogue, several oth- couples who had sued Massachusetts’ Depart- and lesbian parenting was adopted as follows: ers chimed in to disclose their own painful ment of Public Health for the right to marry. brushes with loss. Once the group began In preparation for their argument, GLAD’s The American Psychoanalytic Asso- to air their experiences and feelings with us team of lawyers prepared an amicus brief ad- ciation supports the position that and with each other, they were able to get dressing psychological, relationship, and child the salient consideration in decisions the help they needed and turned to their welfare issues of same-sex couples, bringing about parenting, including concep- training with renewed hope and commit- to the court’s attention the scientific evidence tion, child rearing, adoption, visita- ment. Psychoanalytic understanding made it that same-sex relationships are comparable to tion, and custody is the best interest possible for us to give these clinicians what opposite-sex relationships and that the children of the child. Accumulated evidence they came for. of gay and lesbian parents fare as well as chil- suggests the best interest of the child Until recently, with the increased incidents dren from heterosexual parents. requires attachment to committed, of terrorism and violence within our com- APsaA was asked to sign on to the brief in nurturing, and competent parents. munity, practicing clinicians from psychody- November 2002. After careful review by the Evaluation of an individual or couple namic or psychoanalytic backgrounds were Executive Committee and input from the Exec- for these parental qualities should rarely found among American Red Cross utive Council’s science advisor, Robert Galatzer- be determined without prejudice volunteers. I can say that the psychoanalyti- Levy, and the Committee on Gay and Lesbian regarding sexual orientation. Gay and cally-oriented DMH worker—who feeds dis- Issues, Newell Fischer endorsed the brief on lesbian individuals and couples are aster victims from a Mass Care Vehicle, who behalf of our association. Several other profes- capable of meeting the best interest reads and talks to distressed children on the sional organizations joined the brief, including the of the child and should be afforded floor of a dingy Red Cross shelter, or who Massachusetts Psychiatric Society, National Asso- the same rights and should accept soothes a desperately tired and irate Red ciation of Social Workers, the Massachusetts the same responsibilities as hetero- Cross volunteer who has been told by the Association of NASW, the Boston Psychoana- sexual parents. With the adoption people he tries to support that what he pro- lytic Society and Institute, the Psychoanalytic of this position statement, we sup- vides is worthless—learns to feel a different Institute of New England, the Psychoanalytic port research studies that further kind of engagement, flexibility, and confidence, our understanding of the impact of carrying the working analytic frame (including Gary Grossman, Ph.D., is chair of APsaA’s both traditional and gay/lesbian par- his/her couch) inside an open, compassionate, Committee on Gay and Lesbian Issues. enting on a child’s development. and empathic mind.

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 25 APsaA IN ACTION

workshop on homosexuality in psychoana- The Work of Council and lytic education, which recently featured Sid Phillips’ curriculum taught at the Western New Joint Committees—Quiet Heroism England Institute. Prudy Gourguechon COMMUNICATIONS DIVISION At national meetings, on the Openline and A new Web Site Task Force, chaired by in other arenas for discussion, much of our Kerry Sulkowicz, will work with Dean Stein and attention gets distracted by internecine conflict, other staff members on the redesign of our or the pressing big issue of the moment. Mean- organizational Web site. while,APsaA’s 50 plus joint and Council com- Press placements from the Wall Street Jour- mittees and about 15 Board committees go nal to Real Simple magazine have come out of about their business with dedication and often the work of the Public Information Commit- amazing results. We do not have enough space tee and Public Affairs Director Dottie Jeffries. in TAP,as in our meetings, to give proper atten- Our national meetings now feature a “Meet tion to all this effort on behalf of psycho- the Press” session and many sessions open to analysis, and pay tribute to those who do it. But the media. here is a sampling of the accomplishments Sandy Walker edits Forward!,a quarterly and aims of our committees reported in New “best practices” bulletin designed to share Yo rk. In aggregate, our committees form an ideas for outreach and development among Photo: Mervin Stewart infrastructure for action unparalleled anywhere Lisa Mellman, retiring from the institutes and societies. Local groups can else in the world. chairmanship of the Fellowship Committee, learn the details of what has worked else- after four years of service. where. Walker welcomes submissions and SCIENCE DIVISION suggestions. Coordinator Beth Seelig, due to be suc- informed consent for psychoanalytic research; Projects of the Institute/Society Libraries ceeded by Linda Mayes, noticed that most of a set of recommendations regarding confi- Committee, include developing a set of talking the goals of the omnibus science initiative dentiality in psychoanalytical research and points describing what a psychoanalytic library have been met. She also made a plea for publication; and a document identifying sci- is and why we still need them, writing a book- attending to the needs of science and research ence and research related issues in the cur- let for new institutes on how they can get as we pursue a reorganization process. rent ethics code and recommending revisions help setting up a library, and finding ways to The third annual poster session was held in where appropriate. honor the existing great psychoanalytic libraries New York. One international submission was in this country. received, and more submissions came in than SOCIETAL ISSUES DIVISION could be accepted. Poster sessions are very The division’s new Committee on Psycho- PSYCHOANALYTIC PRACTICE DIVISION important both to young scientists and to the analysis and the Arts, chaired by Laurie Wilson, The very busy, new Committee on Child press.The first poster prize was awarded at the is getting organized and has many new enthu- and Adolescent Psychoanalysis, Cal Narcisi, New York session. siastic members ready to promote its mis- chair, is working jointly with BOPS’ child analy- Research and psychoanalytic science activi- sion of outreach in interdisciplinary work with sis committee, COCAA, and has produced a ties are purposely being bulked at the end of the arts and psychoanalysis. Music, visual art, well received brochure, an evolving research the week programs and over the weekend at drama, film, and literature will all be addressed project on outcome, and an affiliates forum. the national meetings to make them accessible by the committee. Additionally, the committee awarded its first to academics’ schedules. A major project of the Psychoanalysis in the Children and Family Community Service The Subcommittee on Privacy and Ethical Community Committee, Stuart Twemlow, chair, Award to Ann Arbor, Michigan’s, Allen Creek Issues in Psychoanalytic Research, chaired by has been working to establish community psy- Preschool. The first dedicated child panel Bob Galatzer-Levy, noted,“There is no agreed choanalysis as a valid part of psychoanalytic debuted in the January 2004 program. upon ethical standard for confidentiality and education. The committee hopes to survey The Joint Committee on Confidentiality, research in the psychoanalytic community.” members’ efforts in community psychoanalysis. Howard Levine, chair, has advised BOPS on Informed consent is also a muddled con- The Committee on Gay and Lesbian Issues, how to handle HIPAA regulations vis-a-vis cept. Scientific input in our current ethical Gary Grossman, chair, continues with many site visits, certification, supervision, and other principles was unsatisfactory. Three docu- projects including hosting an annual paper issues. The committee continues to work ments will come out of this subcommittee’s prize, a reception for gays and lesbians at the closely with the Committee on Government work:a set of recommendations involving national meetings, a discussion group, and a Continued on page 41

26 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 COUNCIL & BOPS

Arguments were made on both sides of Membership Gateway, Governance, the question of whether this committee should be (or should have been) a joint Council/ Psychotherapy Initiative Top Council BOPS committee. and Board Agendas ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS Prudy Gourguechon Organizational consultant Niko Canner has become interested in consulting with APsaA Despite repeated cautions by many leaders, on development issues on a volunteer basis, including President Newell Fischer, that we and addressed both the Board and Council must focus our energies externally towards about his observations and recommendations. outreach and inclusiveness, much of the agenda Canner stated that on a personal level, the at both the Council and Board meetings was idea that there was a way of listening that taken up with governance matters. produced meaning and was helpful to people in such abundance was immensely appealing to MEMBERSHIP him as an adolescent, and he finds it satisfying Harriet Wolfe presented the report from to help a group of people who make that the President’s Task Force on Expanding Mem- their work. bership Criteria (TFEMC) appointed at the Among Canner’s key observations: June 2003 meeting by Newell Fischer to • A disproportionate amount of the orga- explore means for admitting as members ana- nization’s attention has been focused lysts who had trained via pathways other than inward on the Association itself. APsaA or IPA institutes.The task force deter- • The stakes for things that can be formally Photo: Mervin Stewart mined that expansion of membership criteria Niko Canner, organizational consultant, governed are very small in comparison to would be of substantial benefit to APsaA and exhorted us to reach the 10,000 best minds the sum of total personal and profes- graduating from college this year with to psychoanalysis. Wolfe noted that the core information about psychoanalysis. sional concerns. theoretical problem discovered by the task • The impact of entrenched adversarial force was the conflation of membership stan- supervision, ethics, licensure, commitment to positions is strong, leading to a great deal dards and training requirements in our policies. psychoanalysis, and recommendation by cur- of contest at multiple levels (legal chal- The traditional concept is that APsaA- rent APsaA members. lenges, task forces, special committees, endorsed training is the sole path to mem- Eric Nuetzel, chair-elect of BOPS, said we etc.), all on the formal design of the bership. Yet there are many outstanding have an organizational consensus that we have organization that at the end of the day analysts (including two of our society presi- to expand membership, but there is a real controls very little of the outcome for the dents) who do not meet this background concern about this approach. Beth Seelig profession. requirement, the TF found.The task force rec- argued that the task force report essentially • The organization needs to be a point ommended that the basis for membership endorses a restructuring of our organization. around which informal energies coalesce in be shifted to commitment and contributions Earlier in the week, at the BOPS Coordinating order to pursue a few salient challenges. to psychoanalysis rather than locus of training. Committee, the following objections were • There is too great a fear of making mistakes. This would shift responsibility for membership made by the BOPS Membership Committee • What if we say: “There are a few things from BOPS to Council. BOPS represents the that had analyzed the TFEMC report:Adopting we care about together; we disagree need to look inward, towards maintaining the report would change the relationship about many; but let’s go out in the world the training standards of our institutes, said between BOPS and Council; it would establish making concerted action to advance those Wolfe. But the Board of Directors must look two sets of training standards; to do this sep- few things.” to our relationship with the outside world.The arate from global reorganization is unwise; we • The issue is not are we functional, but task force recommended a professional organ- would be using our prestige to capture mem- greatness versus obsolescence. ization composed of committed analysts, not bers, but sacrificing our educational standards, • We must invent and articulate kinds of an interest organization. Specific recommen- which have given us the prestige we have. relevance that will bring psychoanalysis dations for membership criteria were con- Newell Fischer responded that we are in an into the minds of the 10,000 brightest tained in the task force report and addressed acute crisis, with aging membership; to wait college graduates each year. such issues as coursework, personal analysis, until the reorganization process is complete Canner admitted to less interest in address- would be suicide. Membership should be ing specific governance questions, since he Prudy Gourguechon is editor of TAP. transferred out of the educational arm. Continued on page 29

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 27 BOARD ON PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS

the societies. So do presidents. BOPS fellows An Anomaly in Our Organization and chairs also often take an organizational Ronald M. Benson perspective.Yet,because of our structure, the tendency is to represent interests parochially. At our meet- Was the position of councilor-at-large devel- This is not a good way to structure a board of ings in January, oped as a partial corrective to this anomaly in directors. Some of the strife in APsaA clearly Victoria Bjork- our governance? If so, it has not been effective evolves from our organizational structure. lund, our attor- in altering two perceptions: 1) that the Exec- Despite this anomaly, our Association has ney specializing utive Council represents societies’ interests, managed to function quite well over the in not-for-profit the perspective of the professional guild, and years. Our educational system is solid and law, spoke about outreach aims and goals of our Association, devoted to high quality. Our institutes and models of gover- and 2) that the Board on Professional Stan- their graduates are our largest source of nance that might dards (BOPS) represents institutes and the members. Our societies have become stronger be used as rough perspective of education and accreditation. and more active in most locations. APsaA has Ronald M. Benson templates for our Our organizational structure does rely upon encouraged this development and provided own Association.They ranged from organiza- the Board on Professional Standards to rep- advice and leadership in promoting effective tions as diverse as the New York Stock resent the interests of institutes and the Exec- programs for societies. Our Association con- Exchange to the Jewish National Fund.There utive Council to represent societies.This seems tinues to promote excellence in education, were very complex relationships between to be a remnant of our earlier days as a con- support our institutes and societies, and inno- their boards of directors and other compo- federation and an incomplete adaptation to vate in outreach and social activism that is nents within their organizations. All the mod- our current status as a membership organiza- beneficial to our profession and its ideals. We els she described placed ultimate governance tion.These representative bodies remain nec- are financially strong and holding our own in and fiduciary responsibility in boards of direc- essary because our members intimately relate numbers while many similar organizations tors that set only the broadest areas of policy. to their local organizations, which are pathways are shrinking. Organization members elected the board and that was, essentially, their only right. These boards of directors owed a duty of loyalty to Our organizational structure does rely upon the the organization as a whole, not to any subset within it. Board on Professional Standards to represent As I considered this, I realized again how the interests of institutes and the Executive very different our own Association is from any of the models she presented and that Council to represent societies. her assumptions about governance did not easily apply to us. One reason is that our Board of Directors (BOD) serves two func- to involvement in our national Association. At We can continue to grow and achieve all of tions and potentially two masters. Our Exec- the local level, the institutes and societies relate our goals with less strife, but we need to make utive Council is, by virtue of our by-laws, our to one another in a variety of ways from total our organizational structure more rational, Board of Directors. Members of the Executive integration to almost complete separateness. and bring it into compliance with state laws Council achieve their positions as representa- Since our president is the presiding officer and our realistic interests. BOPS needs the tives of their societies and are seen as repre- of the Council, it often seems that the presi- representation of institutes, because our stan- senting them in APsaA, but once they are dent’s duty is to the societies, and the BOPS dards are created and applied through con- members of the BOD their duty is to the chairperson’s to the Board on Professional sensus of the fellows. Societies need to be organization as a whole.This puts them into a Standards, exclusively. represented nationally if they are to benefit difficult position.They may be bound to local Some of this, however, is a matter of per- from each other’s innovations and act in uni- issues or to the overall perspective of societies ception, not reality. Our recent by-law revision son on matters of concern. We should con- in general, but, in either case, they are divided by the Education and Membership Task Force sider separating the Board of Directors from in their loyalties between the societies’ interests emphasizes cooperation and consultation these representative functions.The BOD can and perspective and the holistic duty to APsaA. between the Council and BOPS and implicitly be elected at large or can be a “functional” recommends a general consensus.The Coun- board in which seats are reserved for certain cil and individual councilors often do consider interests. Using either model, has the time Ronald M. Benson, M.D., is chair of the matters from the perspective of the entire come to unlink the BOD from the repre- Board on Professional Standards. organization and not exclusively from that of senting responsibility?

28 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 COUNCIL & BOPS

Council & Board Agendas could be composed of the current Executive BOPS should have no corporate rela- Continued from page 27 Committee plus some regionally or nationally tionship to APsaA and become its own elected members, and could work with a separate corporation. had clearly articulated his view that specific representative assembly (similar to current • Under New York law, there are three governance structures are of relatively little Council) representing the societies. types of committees: standing commit- importance compared to creative combined The recommendation of this committee tees of the board (such as executive, efforts. But since he had been asked so many was an evolutionary, gradual restructuring grow- finance, audit), which must consist only of times, he offered the following plan: ing out of the present governance structure. directors and must be elected by the 1. The Executive Committee, as a nationally In contrast, BOPS leadership strongly en- board or appointment affirmed by the elected group, should appoint a truly dorsed a position against incremental change board; special committees of the board, representative group to devise a gover- and in favor of a comprehensive review and which have limited duration and powers; nance plan.The EC should define param- reworking of organizational governance.They and committees of the corporation, whose eters for the plan. question the advisability of the Executive members need not be directors and which 2. The representative group must come up Council’s remaining the Board of Directors. act in an advisory capacity. with one single sensible “good enough” In January 2003, BOPS established its own • The New York attorney general would proposal within a set time frame. Task Force on Reorganization.Their report to probably frown upon a non-profit organ- 3. This plan will have to be acceptable to BOPS advocated a unified process for devel- ization that was out of compliance with two-thirds of the membership, who must oping a comprehensive plan for reorganization. New York law attempting to dissolve itself judge it as sufficiently solving the nar- The process, they felt, must include direct and “reincorporate” in Delaware. row range of problems governance struc- input from all parts of the Association. They • A rough time frame for reorganization ture actually addresses. recommended that a comprehensive and might be 18 months. Canner’s stimulating discussion elicited a coherent plan be developed and presented to • Members’ action is limited to voting.They variety of comments, including Ruth Fischer’s the membership and that such a plan should should not get involved in day to day that “you are stressing something that we safeguard all of the strengths of the Associa- management. need to feel—that the task is more important tion, including the educational component. • The election of directors by constituent than the turf.” Susan Furman said,“We must organizations (e.g. societies, as we currently suspend disbelief and move forward.Trust is BJORKLUND’S LEGAL VIEWPOINT do) rather than directly by members is important, but if we wait for trust to move ON BYLAWS legally acceptable but might create a prob- forward we will wait forever. Shared action APsaA’s legal advisor on non-profit law, lem for BOPS if it incorporated separately. over time will establish trust.“ Several speak- bylaws issues, and reorganization,Victoria Bjork- ers expressed concern over the method of lund, Esq., had previously consulted exten- OTHER COUNCIL ACTIONS AND NEWS selection of the “representative” committee. sively with the president and president-elect, • A motion was passed to encourage soci- Tom Bartlett stated that the process of selec- but at the New York meeting addressed the eties to allow affiliate members to vote tion must feel acceptable to diverse groups Council, BOPS fellows, and interested mem- for executive councilor. and factions. bers directly for the first time. Bjorklund cov- • Nora Hinojosa, representing the Mexican Canner noted that everyone is going to ered a wide number of questions. Some of her Psychoanalytic Association and the Mon- have to allow himself to be uncomfortable. salient points included the following: terrey Psychoanalytic Society, mentioned • There is no legal basis for a members’ the September FEPAL meeting in Caracas, MORE ON GOVERNANCE lawsuit against the organization. Such a which is open to those interested. Elsewhere on the governance front, the lawsuit would grind the work of the • New IPA Secretary-General Donald Camp- Committee on Council had pre-distributed an organization to a halt. bell addressed the Council. [See page 21.] excellent analysis of possible options for APsaA • The Board of Directors (currently the • Edward Hicks, chair of the Council of reorganization and an assessment of the cur- Executive Council) has ultimate fiduciary Presidents, informed the Council that the rent Executive Council’s functioning as a Board responsibility for all organizational activities Council of Presidents is taking up the of Directors.Two main options were discussed: including those of BOPS. issue of NAAP and licensing. (1) keeping the Executive Council as the Board • Options for BOPS include continuing as a • Lisa Mellman completed four outstanding of Directors, abandoning our informal “bicam- committee of the corporation (its proba- years as chair of the Fellowship Commit- erality,” but raising the level of functioning of the ble current legal status), or incorporating tee. She has been succeeded by Joan Lang. Council so it could meet its BOD responsibilities as a separate corporation with APsaA as • Dick Fox reported on the work of the properly; (2) constituting a new Board of Direc- its sole corporate member. Assets of psychotherapy initiative group. [See page tors which would establish a new relationship APsaA would not transfer to a new cor- 31 in this TAP.] to BOPS.This smaller and more efficient BOD poration, should it be determined that Continued on page 30

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 29 COUNCIL & BOPS

Council & Board Agendas and even if a person pays out of pocket. analyst status” to institutes in the fall. Continued from page 29 The RICO suit against managed care This proposed category would have providers, with 700,000 physician plain- allowed potential candidates in analysis • Jim Pyles, APsaA’s legal consultant on tiffs, is the largest class action suit in the with non-training analysts to continue lobbying issues, reported on the HIPAA history of the country. Several HMO’s their analyses without switching to an suit, stressing that the judge was im- have already settled. approved TA. The majority of the insti- pressed with the national range of plain- tutes that reviewed the proposal had a tiffs. More than 100 newspaper articles OTHER BOPS NEWS AND ACTION negative response. They agreed that TA have covered our position on privacy, • The acronym for the Committee on status should be based on measures of including the Philadelphia Enquirer and Research and Education was happily competence and experience and that The Wall Street Journal. In initial court changed from CRED to CORE. quantitative aspects should be de-empha- proceedings, the government admitted by • Kansas City was promoted to provisional sized in favor of suitability. Weiss con- stipulation that they intended to deprive institute status. cluded for the task force that associate citizens of control over use and disclosure • Myrna Weiss gave a preliminary report TA status was sincerely proposed, but is of health information.The government’s on the work of the Task Force on Train- not the way to go. A final report will be current position allows disclosure of ing Analyst Standards. The task force offered in June. information from the beginning of time, had circulated a proposal for “associate Continued on page 43

Public Affairs Network Inspires Outreach on the Local Level Dottie Jeffries

Throughout 2002 and 2003, President Newell Fischer con- PAN convened the second time during APsaA’s recent Winter ducted a series of Town Meetings with APsaA affiliates across the Meeting, where the agenda included a presentation by Mavis country. Concerned about keeping alive the momentum generated Wylie, the Baltimore-Washington (B-W) Institute for Psycho- in the Town Meetings, Fischer established a network of those analysis liaison, who co-chairs B-W’s Outreach Committee, and analysts who are involved with outreach, marketing, and/or public Patrick Cody, of Cody Communications,Washington, D.C., who is relations for their institutes and/or societies.They would be the des- preparing a marketing plan for B-W.Wylie and Cody discussed the ignated liaisons from the local affiliates to APsaA’s biannual national outreach B-W is undertaking as well as several programs that meetings, where they could convene to exchange ideas and pro- have been successful in their community. Cody, the former direc- vide mutual support. The network became known as the Public tor of communications for the National Mental Health Associa- Affairs Network (PAN). Its goal is to assist the analysts in heightening tion (NMHA), has a keen understanding and appreciation of their institutes’ and/or societies’ visibility in their own communities psychoanalysis. He also understands the challenges psychoanaly- in order to increase the numbers of both candidates and patients. sis faces in the marketplace. The rest of the PAN meeting was Serving as the APsaA staff coordinator for the group, I was able to devoted to the analysts each presenting the outreach activities at draw on my professional background and offer assistance in marketing, their respective affiliates.These ranged from an upcoming forum public relations, and outreach. From my view, the future of APsaA on “Overcoming Homophobia in the Family and Community,” lies in the strength and vitality of its affiliates across the country. organized by the Florida Psychoanalytic Society to a family film PAN first convened during the 92nd Annual Meeting held in series organized by the Wisconsin Psychoanalytic Institute, Soci- Boston last June. The structure of the meeting was that of net- ety, and Foundation in conjunction with the local library system to working and sharing what programs and methods of outreach a lecture series organized by the Seattle Psychoanalytic Society were and were not working for each liaison. and Institute in conjunction with several departments at the University of Washington. Dottie Jeffries is director of public affairs for the American If you are interested in becoming involved with the Public Affairs Psychoanalytic Association. Network, please contact me at [email protected].

30 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 PSYCHOTHERAPY INITIATIVE

Preaching What We Practice: The Psychotherapy Initiative Richard P. Fox

Psychoanalysts spend much of their profes- chairing the Task Force, which includes Alex sional time doing psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Burland, Fred Griffin, Jim Miller, Alan Pollack, They treat more patients using a psychotherapy Sally Rosenberg, Allan Tasman ,Barbara Unger, model than the formal psychoanalytic one and and Jane Warren. in most analysts’ caseloads psychotherapy hours far outnumber analytic hours. In con- NEW TEACHING WORKSHOP ducting these psychotherapies and in super- Societies and institutes affiliated with APsaA vising psychiatric residents, graduate students, have a major investment in their psychother- Photo: Mervin Stewart and non-analyst colleagues, analysts use con- apy training programs, which often graduate Former President Richard Fox is heading up cepts, techniques, and skills learned during their more practitioners than do the correspon- a new initiative to promote psychotherapy within the organization and the profession. psychoanalytic education. Most analytic practi- ding institute programs. Sally Rosenberg and tioners consider psychotherapy a major part of Alan Pollack have established a workshop for established Associations for Psychoanalytic their professional careers, yet psychoanalytic directors of these programs that provides a Thought (APT) Groups that function alongside psychotherapy is not officially recognized in national forum for discussion about teaching the society or center. In other centers, espe- our institutions and organizations. psychotherapy. More than a dozen local pro- cially newer ones, psychotherapists become Although many of our societies and institutes grams sent representatives to the meeting in direct members of the local society. have developed very successful psychotherapy January and we look forward to even greater Many graduates of the local programs do programs, our analytic organizations continue participation at future meetings. not join the Psychotherapist Associates. If the to reflect an “upstairs-downstairs” relation- New psychoanalytic centers and study groups Task Force can promote associate member- ship between psychoanalysis and psychother- are finding that not only are such training pro- ship, making it a more meaningful affiliation for apy. As part of our idealization of Sigmund grams an excellent way to introduce psycho- psychotherapists, we will be able to recruit Freud, we have institutionalized his metaphor analysis to a community, but they also help graduates actively to this membership category. of psychotherapy as the alloy of the pure gold build an active psychoanalytic center.The goal of We also will encourage the establishment of a of analysis with the base metal of suggestion. In the workshop is to provide an opportunity for membership status for therapists in all local turn, this group idealization impacts on our participants to compare and study different societies and centers. identity as psychoanalysts. “Real” analysts do approaches as well as to encourage innova- psychoanalysis (i.e., four to five times a week on tion and experimentation in psychotherapy BOOSTING RECOGNITION the couch) not psychotherapy. training.The Task Force will make a major effort Psychoanalysts also contribute to psycho- The psychotherapy initiative is a concerted to foster this workshop and to provide national therapy by teaching and supervising (often effort to address some of these distortions recognition and support for local programs. without pay) students, trainees, and practi- and acknowledge that psychoanalytic psy- We also would like to see more institutes offer- tioners either in training programs, university chotherapy has been one of our proudest and ing courses in psychotherapy to their analytic departments, or privately with non-analyst col- most productive achievements. It is certainly candidates, as another way of closing the divide leagues. Only recently has APsaA recognized time to elevate it from its status as the stepchild between the two forms of practice. these contributions through the Edith Sabshin of analysis and make it a member of the analytic Do graduates of psychotherapy programs Awards for Excellence in the Teaching of Non- family.The Task Force on Psychotherapy has been become a part of our psychoanalytic com- Candidate Students. Fifty analysts have received appointed to spearhead this mission to expand munity or do they fade into the background? such awards in the past five years; very likely APsaA’s efforts on behalf of psychotherapy in Qualified psychoanalytic psychotherapists need ten times that many analysts deserve such education, scholarship, and membership. I am a home. Many of us feel APsaA would be the recognition.The Task Force plans to establish a appropriate location for such a national base. workshop on psychotherapy supervision where Richard P. Fox, M .D., is immediate past In recent years APsaA has established the supervisors can compare experiences and rec- president of APsaA, a past director of training Psychotherapist Associates, a category of non- ognize the value of their role in mental health at the Los Angeles Psychoanalytic Society voting membership that now numbers about education.We hope this workshop will serve as and Institute, and currently a North 250 therapists.This group coordinates a pro- a focal point for regaining our lost prominence American representative to the IPA Board gram for psychotherapists at the national in educational and training institutions. of Representatives. meetings and, in some areas, associates have Continued on page 41

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 31 HONORS AND AWARDS

the self emerges only through relatedness to Researchers, Leaders of Lawsuit Era others—that the self is always caught between its wish, on the one hand, for omnipotence or Star at 2004 Awards Ceremonies narcissism, and its need, on the other hand, for recognition from others, for intersubjectivity.” One of the most exciting events at the national meetings is the Friday morning meet- PRESIDENTIAL, DISTINGUISHED SERVICE ing of members. Unfortunately, attendance at Two high awards were given to individuals these official meetings is low, many meeting who played a key role in one of APsaA’s great- attendees perhaps assuming they are merely est crises. Joel I. Klein, Esq., Chancellor of the pro forma business meetings. Despite the New York City Department of Education, name, attendance at these meetings is not received the Presidential Award. Klein was restricted to members. honored for his wise legal counsel and unwa- These sessions showcase the extraordinary vering determination to achieve a fair and recipients of the Association’s prizes and honorable settlement of the psychologists’ awards.The stories behind the work of APsaA’s Photo: Mervin Stewart antitrust lawsuit against the American Psy- New Honorary Member John Auerbach. honorary members, prize winners, and special choanalytic Association in 1985. As APsaA award recipients are always inspiring, some- He feels that this vision has recently been counsel, his skillful negotiations with all the times stunning, and definitely worth a jump replaced by the therapeutic primacy of rela- parties led to a resolution that allowed the start out of bed on Friday mornings. tionship attunement and the corrective emo- Association to reach out to many qualified tional experience. Eagle warns that something non-medical analytic candidates. In his accept- HONORARY MEMBERSHIP vital and distinctive in psychoanalysis is thereby ance remarks, Klein stated that his goal was to One of APsA’s highest awards is Honorary in danger of being lost. Psychoanalysis must help the Association avoid winning the battle Membership. John Auerbach and Morris Eagle continue to embody the values of the enlight- and losing the war. He praised then-President were this year’s recipients. enment vision. Dick Simons who put the interests of the Morris Eagle is professor at the Derner John Auerbach, also welcomed as an Hon- organization above personalities. Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies, orary Member, is an extremely accomplished Simons received the organization’s Distin- Adelphi University. He was recruited for the empirical researcher in psychoanalysis. One guished Service Award for his extraordinary faculty of the New York University Psychoan- of his seminal contributions is a 1998 chapter service as president during that critical period. alytic Institute because of his expert and com- on the origins of narcissism in Masling and Simons used his acceptance remarks to thank prehensive understanding of research and Bornstein’s Empirical Studies of Psychoanalytic those who stood by and with him, the Executive clinical theory and practice. He has played a Theories,Vol. 4. He has also worked with Syd- Committee at the time (Shelly Orgel, Homer major role in keeping open the bridge between ney Blatt at Yale to develop the Object Rela- Curtis, Bernie Pacella,Austen Silber, Mike Allison, psychology and psychoanalysis, according to tions Inventory. This projective instrument and Jay Katz), his wife Barbara, and the late the award citation. collects information about the relationships Helen Fisher. He also stated that without Joel In his acceptance remarks, Eagle praised between the self and the significant others. He Klein’s guidance and professional integrity,APsaA psychoanalysis for the central place it gives is currently an associate professor at East Ten- might not be in existence today. to autonomy (in the sense of freedom of nessee State University James H. Quillen Col- Continued on page 37 choice), self-reflection, and self-knowledge, lege of Medicine, in Johnson City, and a pioneer what Eagle called the “enlightenment vision.” in propagating psychoanalytic ideas and schol- arship in the Appalachian region. In his acceptance remarks,Auerbach said,“If there is one theory within psychology that takes seriously the complexities of human existence, psychoanalysis is it.” He empha- sized his conviction that psychoanalysis needs a grounding in empirical research. He also made a plea for the inclusion of original text

material (e.g., verbatim patient utterances) in Photo: Mervin Stewart psychoanalytic papers. Auerbach’s major the- Richard Simons, left, and Joel Klein received oretical and research interest is founded in a Distinguished Service Award and Presidential Photo: Mervin Stewart Award respectively for their work during the 1985 New Honorary Member Morris Eagle. Hegelian view of narcissism, which “holds that psychologists’ suit against the association.

32 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 JAPA TRANSITION

20 to 30 percent. When you add up papers, JAPA Editors Pass the Baton panel reports, book reviews, and commen- Lee Jaffe taries, in 10 years we’ve probably published close to a thousand contributions; but the On Wednesday night at the recent APsaA LJ: I understand you brought the idea of a number of people involved is more than a Winter Meeting, there was a huge turnout theme to the journal. thousand, so this involves a very large com- at the Harvard Club for a party for Arnold AR: Yes. I felt that if a journal is just a repos- munity. Each paper has three reviewers and Richards, in honor of his 10-year term as the itory of papers, it comes via the mail and goes the majority rules.The editor doesn’t override editor of JAPA. Many spoke in praise of to the shelf, but if each journal has a theme, the reviewers, the reviewers take a lot of Richards’ scientific, administrative, organiza- people read it in a different way. Papers ben- pains to give meaningful feedback, and authors tional, artistic, creative, and stylistic contributions efit from the company they keep, and with a are very appreciative of the reviews. My great- to JAPA. Steven Levy, incoming editor, served theme the journal becomes a reference for est satisfaction is when grateful authors write as MC for the evening. I conducted brief issues like female sexuality, child development, to thank me for all the useful feedback we’ve interviews with each of them to give our TAP and so forth. given them, and their papers were rejected! readers a sense of what Richards has accomplished and what our new editor LJ: Now you must have some free has in mind for the future. time and I imagine you already have plans for it. INTERVIEW WITH AR: I’m involved in organizing the ARNIE RICHARDS Internet Press for Psychoanalysis spon- LJ: What would you like our members sored by JAPA, Contemporary Psy- to know about your proudest accom- choanalysis, and the Psychoanalytic plishments with JAPA and your greatest Connection. Our first “publication” was frustrations? the Dream Interpreters by Howard AR: I have to start with TAP really, Shevrin, which has been released in because I believe my work with TAP is soft cover by IUP. Our second is the one reason I was selected to be JAPA selected unpublished papers of Jack editor. When I took over the newslet- Arlow, which can be accessed on: ter it really didn’t even have a name, so www.psychoanalysis.net/IPPsa/Arlow. I held a contest to name it and Helen I hope to develop this medium so that Fischer won.That’s how it became The many of our members will be able to Photo: Mervin Stewart American Psychoanalyst or TAP. It Steven Levy, left, incoming editor of JAPA with publish papers that would not other- became more than just a house organ. outgoing editor Arnold Richards. wise find their way into a book because I have in mind the depth interviews publishers are publishing fewer psy- with prominent figures in psychoanalysis and LJ: Didn’t you also change the production of choanalytic titles. I also plan to write a history the historical accounts of almost every society the journal? of psychoanalysis and APsaA. in APsaA. AR: Yes.When I began, JAPA was produced When I came to JAPA, I had it redesigned by the International Universities Press (IUP), LJ: This organization owes you a great debt of with the four-season covers and paid a lot of and we got a payment of about $150,000 a gratitude, and I appreciate your taking the time attention to design and format to make it year. I proposed we own the journal; we to let our readers know more about you and your friendlier to readers. I broadened JAPA’s collect the revenues and pay for publishing contributions to JAPA. breadth and reach, adding more editorial asso- services. We made that change seven years ciates, more outside reviewers, and bringing ago, and since then have been earning around INTERVIEW WITH STEVE LEVY greater diversity to the review process and to $270,000 a year. So far, we’ve increased the LJ: I suspect many of our members may know the submissions. I wanted the journal to be revenues to APsaA by nearly a million dollars. you from your writings and your organizational more appealing to readers outside the APsaA, Also, under this model the editor has more contributions, but for those who don’t know you, in order to expand its educational reach. control over the quality of the journal. tell us about yourself and about how an editor is selected. Lee Jaffe, Ph.D., is senior faculty at the LJ: About how many papers does the journal SL: I do full-time academic work at a uni- San Diego Psychoanalytic Institute, a past review and how many are accepted? versity and a medical school, where I have editorial associate for JAPA, and a member AR: I would say we average about 140 major administrative responsibilities. Because of the editorial staff of TAP. submissions a year, and we accept about 35 or Continued on page 42

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 33 me that “composed of” is preferred. But then I noticed that my Google search had found over two million pages on the WWW con- TECHnotes taining the phrase “comprised of”! For com- parison, I searched for “composed of” and that time Google found about 3 million pages. Using the WWW as a Reference Tool My conclusion: Based on the common usage Paul W. Mosher of “comprised of,” I don’t think it can be con- sidered a serious error any longer. In 1996, when I threw together the suc- Not being a grammarian, I did what many Because such a huge body of English text cinct description of APsaA that appears on people do in such situations these days. I is indexed by Google, it is a wonderful our home page, I wrote, “The Association is turned to Google! (www.google.com). Google resource for investigating current language comprised of Affiliate Societies…” Recently, is currently the premier WWW search facility usage. Many users of Google don’t know I received an e-mail criticizing my grammar and contains a word-by-word full text inversion that Google also allows “wildcard” searching from one of the tens of thousands of people of billions of WWW pages and other docu- in phrases, where a “*” character can stand who have viewed that statement over the ments. (This means that every word in every for an entire word. For example, if you search past seven years. The critic pointed out that document is indexed for rapid searching.) for the phrase: “psychoanalysis is a * treat- “of” should never follow “comprised,” and I used Google’s phrase search facility to ment” (you must include the quotation marks) that I should have written “composed of.” search for the phrase “comprised of.” Ordi- you will find variations of that phrase where narily, Google ignores common words like the “*” is replaced by words such as “pow- “TechNotes” runs in each issue of TAP, “of,” but in phrases enclosed in quotation erful,” “medical,” “curative,” and “talking.” Per- with the aim of educating us about aspects marks all words count. The first page my haps because this latter facility doesn’t work of technology and communications relevant search found was from a grammarian who correctly all the time yet, Google doesn’t adver- to our work. advised against “comprised of” and informed tise its availability.

The Online Directory contains current contact information for active and affiliate members by name and location.You’ll find list- ings of the component institutes, training facil- membershipities, and societies.The Links section provides access to the Web pages of our institutes and societies, the International Psychoanalyt- The APsaA Web Site: ical Association, the Psychoanalytic Electronic Publishing (PEP CD-ROM), and worldwide A Resource at Your Fingertips psychoanalytic news.The APsaA Online Store Debra Steinke offers armchair shopping for books, posters, and Freud merchandise. Do you know what’s on the APsaA Web Registering for the biannual meetings The Closed-Section or Members-Only Sec- site? If you haven’t gone online lately, maybe it’s couldn’t be easier! The complete preliminary tion, a special area open to active and affiliate time to surf the Web. The APsaA Web site program is downloadable in PDF format and members, contains the Association’s by-laws, (www.apsa.org) is a benefit that puts the Asso- the online registration is both convenient significant final committee reports, APsaA ciation’s important documents at your finger- and effortless. election information, plus much more. Access tips and presents opportunities for advancing If you cannot locate your recent issues of to this section is easy: psychoanalysis. TAP or Forward! The Best Practices News Bul- 1. Ensure that your e-mail address is on Members will find access to the Educational letin, both publications can now be found file at the National Office. (Use the Standards, the Ethics Code, and the online ver- on the Web site. Under Public Information online members’ directory to see sion of the “About Psychoanalysis” brochure. you will find news releases, including the whether your e-mail address is listed.) latest press information on medical privacy 2. Subscribe to the Members’ List, an active For membership assistance, please contact and APsaA’s Practice Bulletins, which include e-mail discussion list. If you are not on the Debra Steinke, manager, Education & technical information on standards and poli- list, send an e-mail request to be added Membership Services, 212-752-0450 cies for writing reports for external review to Brian Canty ([email protected]), the x 26 or e-mail: [email protected]. and documentation. Continued on page 36

34 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 HONORS AND AWARDS

Sigourney Awards for Distinguished Career Contributions Honor Greenspan, Margolis, Shevrin, and White Institute Since 1989, the Mary S. Sigourney Trust has been awarding psy- choanalysis’ most prestigious award to individuals and institutions that have made extraordinary contributions to the field. This year, at a ceremony held during the Winter Meeting, presided over by co-trustees James Devine and APsaA treasurer Warren Procci, the accomplishments of four U.S. winners were celebrated. (In a three-year cycle, the awards are granted to analysts in the U.S., Western Europe, and other areas of the world.) Howard Shevrin was introduced by Robert Wallerstein, who described Shevrin as a “pioneering member of an all too small cadre of empirical researchers” in psychoanalysis. Shevrin is a forerunner from the psychoanalytic side of the now burgeoning field of neuro-

psychoanalysis. In one of his neuro-psychoanalytic experiments, Photo: Jacques Gourguechon Shevrin demonstrated that there is a brain response indicative of Sigourney Trustees with their spouses. From left to right, Linda Procci, Jim Devine, Amanda Devine, Warren Procci. unconscious contents. Marylou Lionells, past president of the William Alanson White Insti- tute, was the nominator and the introducer for this award winner. Stanley Greenspan, who was introduced by Newell Fischer, could For the White, she said, this is a milestone on the long journey not attend the ceremonies and was represented by his daughter, towards rapprochement with APsaA. The White Institute was Elizabeth Greenspan, who read his prepared remarks of acceptance, founded by Clara Thompson 60 years ago and has always empha- which concluded with this call to arms: sized responsiveness to the needs of the outside community.When “Psychoanalysis must come together and represent the deepest psychologists were still excluded from training at APsaA institutes, levels of the human mind in all areas of human endeavor, from indi- the White was a premier training site for psychologists’ psychoana- vidual psychopathology and treatment to understanding complex lytic education.The Institute’s specialized clinical services include pro- social phenomena…. As a perspective on the human mind and a grams oriented toward eating problems, addictions, HIV and chronic method of inquiry, psychoanalysis needs to understand the complex disease, and organizational consultation. It provides low cost super- social patterns that are denying human depth and complexity. It must vision to mental health practitioners. Candidates finance their train- look at its own defensive reactions to the mounting challenges it ing through clinical work. Joerg Bose, current director, accepted the has been facing. Ultimately, it must embrace nothing short of the award on behalf of the White Institute. responsibility of guiding the world back to an appreciation of the qualities of human beings that have contributed to its creation and may determine its future. “ Marvin Margolis was introduced by Richard Fox, who called Margolis a healer, teacher, and leader. Fox praised Margolis’ abil- ity to heal individuals, e.g., colleagues with ethical problems, and organizations. Margolis teaches constantly, said Fox, and has served as mentor to many other leaders. He spreads the psy- choanalytic gospel with missionary zeal, and created dozens of committees within APsaA, most of them for outreach efforts. Margolis always encouraged baby steps as the path to change, but, said Fox,“Marvin’s baby steps are those of a giant.” In his accept- ance remarks, Margolis stressed the need to unify the psycho- Photo: Jacques Gourguechon Sigourney Award Honorees: (l to r) Joerg Bose, president of the analytic world in the U.S., and to nourish and develop our William Alanson White Institute, Marvin Margolis, APsaA past president, psychoanalytic institutions. Marylou Lionells, past president of the White institute, Elizabeth Greenspan, representing her father Stanley, infant researcher, and For more information on the Sigourney Trust and the award, go Howard Shevrin, pioneer in neuro-psychoanalysis research. to their Web site, www.sigourney.org.

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 35 Combating Terrorism He sees terrorism as a tactic of war in which NAPsaC Continued from page 20 people without power approach a very pow- Continued from page 23 erful group after other tactics fail. Unlike crim- the Belfast Agreement. Lord Alderdice is one inal actions, for the terrorist, the victim is not NAPSAC’S FUTURE of four international commissioners appointed the target of his action, but a means to affect a The NAPsaC Board is currently studying to this task, which he sees as bringing closure government or group.The terrorist, unlike the the organization’s future form and functions. to the peace process by monitoring remaining criminal, claims responsibility for his action and Nevertheless, issues arise that NAPsaC must, paramilitary activity. Alderdice believes,“Under- seeks transcendence through it. He tries to by necessity, address already.The efforts by the standing the secondary gain of the paramilitary break social and moral conventions to shock National Association for the Advancement of is essential; a man can have no job and no and to generate terrible fear. Psychoanalysis (NAAP) to establish a watered money, but he does have a gun. If he gives this Because of the amount of fear engendered, down definition of a psychoanalyst for a New up, he is no longer a big man.” it is very difficult for the attacked group to Yo rk licensing law, for example, has led to a He feels that the peace process has resulted hear interpretations aimed at understanding NAPsaC committee to coordinate response to in a new sense that it is possible for the con- the acts. Alderdice thinks that, given this, groups this political concern. In addition, the new gov- flicting groups to work together, although often need external help to be able to listen and erning structure of the IPA has created a cau- anxiety and differing aims among the groups interpret the historical context and particular cus of seven North American board members. remain. He sees the “need to maintain a con- motivations behind terrorist actions, and thus How this caucus communicates and receives taining environment, an external view, and understand the best way to respond to them. input from our region suggests an important continued communication” as crucial to its His own mission and charge to the audience is to intermediary role for NAPsaC. ongoing success. contribute to such a body of knowledge, so that The borders between our various organiza- Lord Alderdice concluded with general “If one can keep lighting a candle rather than tions are already becoming more permeable. I observations on terrorism, which he distin- cursing the darkness, one can make a genuine believe the momentum of this process will guishes from the use of terror by governments. contribution toward peace.” accelerate as members become more knowl- edgeable about the strengths and opportunities for new learning that lie beyond the confines of IPA-IPSO Liaison APsaA Web Site the home group.To our collective benefit, this Continued from page 24 Continued from page 34 will lead to identification with the larger group, which makes sense as our overall numbers are The culture of societies around the world CIS manager, and a welcome e-mail from small and we share the same fate as analysts. varies widely, as did the attitudes regarding the listserv will be sent to you. Indeed, regionalism will promote pluralism in candidate empowerment in APsaA and its 3. Retrieve a password.The Password Con- North American psychoanalysis, extending the institutes. In addition to language and finan- trol can be found at the following loca- need for an expanded regional framework.We cial considerations, our new committee will tion: http://www.apsa.org/secure/. When can envision, for example, that psychoanalytic face the same kinds of fears that we in prompted, enter your e-mail address research may be organized through NAPsaC APsaA experienced as we proceeded on a (the address subscribed to the Mem- channels and become regularly multi-site and similar path. Heeding Marvin Margolis’ cau- bers’ List) and a password will be sent even multi-country in focus. Psychoanalytic tion to take “baby steps,” we will proceed to you. education could benefit from a much broader gradually as anxieties and hesitations are 4. Click on the Members’ Login icon faculty that could include great teachers from addressed. from the home page or enter http:// all the component organizations that make up Perhaps the greatest momentum will come www.apsa.org/closed/. NAPsaC. Lastly, NAPsaC will likely continue to when IPA members experience working along- When prompted, enter your e-mail address serve as a forum for rapprochement between side candidates. For this reason, one of our first and the password that was sent to you.You APsaA and the independent societies as well steps will be to get IPSO members assigned to will now have full access to the Members- as among the independent groups themselves. as many IPA committees as possible. Working Only Section. This is an ongoing, essential process. As all together with candidates, IPA members will Take the time to browse the site and famil- recent presidents of APsaA have boldly empha- have more opportunities to appreciate the iarize yourself with the many resources that are sized, the risks to psychoanalysis as a profession enthusiasm, creativity, and commitment to psy- easily available to address your professional are very real and we need to face them with a choanalysis that candidates bring with them. needs. From fun Freudian gift ideas to up-to-date common front. At the same time, candidates around the medical privacy information, the apsa.org Web I hope you will endorse and work with your world will gain a living model of their place in site provides a comprehensive psychoanalytic North American colleagues as we confront the the IPA, which upon graduation, will soon be online experience, a necessary and useful tool challenges and opportunities before us. As we their own association. for the 21st century analyst. say in Canada:“Vive la NAPsaC.”

36 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 HONORS AND AWARDS

Awards a service mix, and have been established as a Continued from page 32 significant community resource, was awarded to the Allen Creek Preschool in Ann Arbor, EXCELLENCE IN JOURNALISM Michigan.The preschool’s early childhood out- The Award for Excellence in Journalism was reach program reaches over 600 families each presented to Margaret Talbot,for her article in year. Every child analyst in Ann Arbor as well as the June 2, 2003, New York Times Magazine, enti- many adult analysts and many analytically ori- tled “Hysteria, Hysteria.” The story discussed a ented mental health professionals have volun- series of outbreaks of mysterious skin rashes teered their time to work with families and at across the country following September 11.Tal- Allen Creek. Kerry Kelly Novick, the principal bot was thanked for her skill in communicating Photo: Mervin Stewart founder of the school and current Parent Pro- Margaret Talbot, winner of the Award for psychological ideas to the public and for telling Excellence in Journalism. grams director, accepted the award. a story in a way that inspires, engages, and Three psychoanalytic papers were awarded engenders curiosity, awareness, and respect. for their contributions of teaching psychoanalysis special prizes. Laurie Case, a 2003 graduate of Arnold Richards, completing 10 years as editor to non-candidate students. This year’s award the San Francisco Institute, received the Karl A. of the Journal of the American Psychoanalytic winners were Ricardo Ainslie,Walter Todd Davi- Menninger Memorial Award, a prize offered for Association, received a Distinguished Contrib- son, Steven Engleberg, Robert Gillman (posthu- scientific papers by recent graduates, for her utor Award. Richards thanked the Associa- mous), Warren Goodman, Richard Gottlieb, paper,“Metaphor and Emergence of Symbolic tion, stating “a journal is more than a collection Michael Hoit, Harold Kudler, Roger MacKinnon, Capacities in the Psychoanalytic Encounter.” of papers—it has been called a ‘thought com- and Gabriele Schwab. The CORST 2003 Essay Prize Winner in Psy- munity.’” He was proud of the journal’s success One of the organization’s newer awards is choanalysis and Culture was the paper,“Psycho- at broadening its reach and diversity during his the Children and Family Community Award, a analysis, Developmental Psychology and the editorial tenure. prize coordinated by the Committee on Child Ideal of Reason in Constitutional Law,” by Anne and Adolescent Psychoanalysis.The first recip- C. Dailey, Professor of Law at the University of NEW AND SPECIAL AWARDS ient of this award, which is given to programs Connecticut. The 2003 Affiliate Council Sci- The Edith Sabshin Teaching Awards, a project that provide direct service to children and entific Paper Prize went to John M. Jererin for of the Committee on Student Associates, are families, use psychoanalytic developmental his paper,“Latency and the Capacity to Reflect awarded annually to 10 outstanding educators principles, utilize child psychoanalysis as part of on Mental States.” I n M emoriam

Edward C. Adams, M.D. Albert E. Goldberg, M.D. Judd Marmor, M.D., Ph.D. Edward J. Schiff, M.D. May 24, 2003 November 2, 2002 December 16, 2003 January 2, 2004 Adrienne Applegarth, M.D. Remigio G. Gonzalez, M.D. Fay F. Mott, M.D. Joseph L. Sheridan, M.D. July 25, 2003 January 14, 2004 April 14, 2003 June 30, 2003 Jose Barchilon, M.D. William A. Harvey, M.D. Stanley L. Olinick, M.D. David J. Simon, M.D., Ph.D. August 6, 2003 May 12, 2003 September 30, 2003 April 17, 2003 Irma J. Bland, M.D. Doris M. Hunter, M.D. George Pollock, M.D., Ph.D. Otto Sperling, M.D. July 26, 2003 July 8, 2003 December 12, 2003 September 23, 2002 Frank Fraser Evans, M.D. Othilda Krug, M.D. Frederick C. Redlich, M.D. Edward Titus, M.D. August 8, 2003 November 12, 2003 January 1, 2004 June 23, 2003 Ingrid B. Gifford, M.D. S. Michael Lesse, M.D. Arlene L. Rockower, LCSW Stanley S. Weiss, M.D. August 5, 2003 August 5, 2003 September 13, 2003 July 10, 2003 Robert Gillman, M.D. Murray D. Lewis, M.D. Joseph Rudolph, M.D. July 1, 2003 November 17, 2003 July 2, 2003

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 37 WEB SITES

One more important innovation just start- Looking at Web Sites: Content and Beauty ing to appear in Web sites is Flash movies, Robert S. White developed by Macromedia.These allow more sophisticated and complex animations to be In order to inflexible. Also, different browsers read HTML displayed. For a good example of a Flash pres- evaluate Web code differently, so it is impossible to predict entation, see the Buenos Aires Psychoanalytic sites, it is impor- exactly how a particular Web page will display. Association Web site (www.apdeba.org). tant to know A major improvement in Web page design Looking at a Web site, I am interested in two something of the came with the development of cascading style general elements, content and style. Both are technical history sheets (CSS) in 1996, which allows a much always present, but one may predominate, of the Internet. richer document styling. It makes possible pre- depending on the purpose of the site. I use the The Internet is cise placing of all the elements in the docu- following criteria to evaluate a Web site. actually a world- ment, setting colors and styles of fonts, creating wide collection borders around any element, and using images CONTENT Robert White of computer net- in more complex ways. CSS also allows for • Does the site provide the information works sharing digital information by a common faster download times. I want? set of protocols. It began in the late 1960s Another significant step forward was • Is it presented in enough or too much as a U.S. Department of Defense project to JavaScript (JS), a programming language that detail? develop a computer network that could has been embedded in Web browsers. With • Is the information easy to retrieve? This withstand nuclear attack. Initially, the Internet JS a Web page is no longer static. JS can cause would involve ease of navigation through was used only by academic institutions and the Web page to change when the user inter- the site, clear links within the site, a table defense contractors. acts with the page. Forms in a Web page can of contents or site map, the number of Two technical advances opened up the be filled out, submitted and validated, and pages to get to the information. Internet to widespread use in the early 1990s, animation effects, such as blinking texts and • Are there external links to other sites? Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and the moving objects, can be produced. Continued on page 39 Web browser. HTML, which was developed at the European Particle Physics Lab in Geneva, produces multimedia documents.These com- Members’ Web Sites bine text, images, and sound, and permits hyper- Sample these varied members’ personal Web sites to get an idea of different ways text linking, whereby links in a document can a Web site can promote an individual analyst’s practice: reference another document. Students at the University of Illinois developed the first Web FORENSIC-PSYCH.COM browser, called Mosaic, which could view and Harold Bursztajn’s comprehensive Web site showcases his specialty practice display HTML documents. The developers of in forensics and expert witness testimony.The site includes extensive reference Mosaic formed the Netscape Corporation and information and issue summaries on forensic topics, and provides the site visitor Microsoft followed soon after with Microsoft with numerous opportunities to view the analyst’s work. Internet Explorer. HTML and Web browsers ALACPR.ORG remain the backbone of the Internet. Allan Compton’s site leads with the Los Angeles Center for Psychoanalytic Research, HTML is a set of embedded directions in a Ltd. (LACPR). Founded in 1986 by Compton, LACPR raises funds for the support document that tells the browser how to display of psychoanalytic research, administers grants awarded to psychoanalytic researchers, the text and images. HTML was designed pri- and provides psychoanalytic and psychiatric clinical services in connection with research marily to display content.Various tags or coded projects.The site provides information on services offered, including clinical psychoanalysis directions have been developed to define and the Intergenerational Transfer of Assets Project. appearance, but they remain primitive and LAWRENCEBLUM.COM Robert S. White, M.D., designs and runs Larry Blum’s is a more personal site promoting his psychoanalytic practice, and Web sites for non-profit groups. He is attracts attention of viewers with an arresting reference to love and hate and sex currently the Webmaster for the TAP Web site and violence, a jokes page, and relevant articles. and the Western New England Psychoanalytic Society Web site, and Internet editor for JAPA. TAP will publish more information on Web sites, including institute/society sites, In his spare time, he practices psychoanalysis in future issues. and psychotherapy.

38 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 WEB SITES

• Are forms easy to fill out? • Are there identifying icons? Other psychoanalytic Web sites are worth • Is contact information, either by e-mail • Is the color scheme in harmony? looking at; some can be found via links at or phone, clearly displayed? • Does the mix of fonts provide unity? apsa.org. Many local institutes and societies • Is there someone to contact if you need • Are the graphic elements used and placed have developed Web sites, and we will more help? well? report more on these efforts in a future • Does the use of scripts enhance or detract TAP. Finally, individual psychoanalysts have STYLE from the site? found having a personal Web site useful in • Is there a unified theme holding the entire Web sites are increasingly used in psycho- practice building and for other communi- site together? analysis. APsaA has an information packed cation purposes. (See the box on page 38 • Does the home page pull you in? Web site that gets thousands of hits worldwide. for a sampling.)

New Active Members (as of January 2004)

NEW MEMBERS Lori Marcus Post, M.S.W. Alice DiBenedetto, M.D. Marianna Adler, Ph.D. Stella Rada, M.S. Ana Eriksen, M.D. Peter S. Armstrong, Ph.D. Hadassah Ramin, M.S.W., C.S.W. Mark Jay Fisher, M.D., J.D. Deborah Barchat, Ph.D. Barry S. Rand, M.D. Candace Fleischmann, M.S.W., L.C.S.W. Jane Belkin, M.S.S.A., B.C.D Timothy H. Rayner, M.D. Andrew J. Gerber, M.D., M.Sc. Douglas H. Betts, M.D. Lallene J. Rector, Ph.D. Laurie A. Goldsmith, Ph.D. Sarah Gates Campbell, Ph.D. Enio Rigolin, M.D. Debra A. Gonzalez, M.D. Michael S. Caplan, M.D. Doane Rising, M.D. Dorothy T. Grunes, M.D. Stan Case, Ph.D., M.S.W. Phillida B. Rosnick, Ph.D. Naomi Gwynn, M.D. Louise Crandall, Ph.D. Peter Ruderman, M.S.W. Lynne Harkless, Ph.D. Diane C. Dean, L.C.S.W. Dahlia R. Russ, L.C.S.W. Deborah Harms, Ph.D. Yvonne M. DeCuir, Ph.D. Francie Rutherford, M.C. Jason Hershberger, M.D. Sherry E. Dickey, Ph.D. Cynthia V. Satchell, M.D. Marsha Hewlett, Ph.D. Martha C. Dupecher, Ph.D., M.S.W. Daniel Schechter, M.D. Janis Huntoon, Ph.D. Susan Flynn, Ph.D. Janet N. Schiff, L.C.S.W. Daniel A. Kietz, M.D. Gerald J. Gargiulo, Ph.D. Daniel P.Schwartz, Ph.D. Aline La Pierre, Psy.D. David P.Gordon, M.S.W. Janet K. Smith, Ph.D. Douglas Lavson-Sell, Ph.D. Benjamin P.Green, M.D. Rogelio A. Sosnik, M.D. Caroline Loeb, M.D. To ny Hacker, Ph.D. Svetlana Starkman, M.D. Jeffrey L. Longhofer, Ph.D., M.S.W. Jane S. Hall, C.S.W., B.C.D. Melissa Stoker, M.S. Richard Marcolini, M.D. Noreen Honeycutt, Ph.D. Larry H. Strasburger, M.D. Patricia A. Marra, M.A., M.F.T. Kenneth E. Johnson, M.D. Wendy L.Turchin, M.D. Linda A. Martin, M.S.S.W. Terri Judge, Ph.D. Jane Walvoord, L.M.S.W.-A.C.P. Lizbeth Moses, Ph.D. Doreen Kalter, M.D. Jon S. Novick, M.D. Fred Koerner, Ph.D. AFFILIATE MEMBERS Susan L. Orbach, Ph.D. Diane Jacobs Kopp, M.S.W. Mary I. Anderson, M.D. Sule Ozler, Ph.D. John T. Maltsberger, M.D. Svetlana Anic, M.D. John Querques, M.D. Karen Martin, M.A. Sheri P.Ashcraft, Psy.D. A.Valentine Raiteri, M.D. Jacqueline V. Marton, Ph.D. Beverly H. Betz, M.S.W., M.Ed. Richard J. Raptosh, D.Min. Catherine A. Mayer, M.D. Elena Bezzubova, M.D., Ph.D. Ruth Rosines, L.M.S.W.-A.C.P. Virginia Anne McDermott, Ph.D. Michael R. Bieber, Ph.D. Susan M. Sachs, L.I.C.S.W. Marina Mirkin, M.D. Rachel Blakeman, J.D., C.S.W. Jan A. Seriff, Psy.D. Lenita K. Newberg, L.C.S.W., B.C.D Donna L. Bonan, J.D. Ruth H. Shorr, M.A., L.C.P.C. Maya C. Peris, M.D. Thomas E. Byrne, M.D. David N. Socholitzky, Ph.D. Fredric T. Perlman, Ph.D. Dionyssios Caralis, Ph.D. Tanya Weisman, M.D. Thomas H. Picard, M.D. Byoung Geon Choi, M.D. Laurie Wiard, M.F.T. David Pollak, M.D. Cristian Dan Ciora, M.D. Molly Romer Witten, Ph.D. Myra Pomerantz, Ph.D. Lara E. Cox, Psy.D., M.S.W. Susan M.Yamaguchi, L.C.S.W. Elsa Rae Pool, Ph.D. Susan Cutler, Ph.D. David M.Young,Ph.D.

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 39 TH TO E E S D R I E T O T

R T 2004

E L

PSYCHIATRY’S BEEN HIJACKED overdue is the establishment of a broad- UNWITTING EXCLUSIVITY In his recent column,“The Enemy Within” based,letters amply funded, politically oriented As both a regular reader of The American (TAP Vol. 37, No. 3), Dr. Fischer encourages APsaA campaign designed to revitalize Psychoanalyst and an editor for The Analytic “local outreach” as the remedy for the declin- the “psycho“ of the biopsychosocial model Press,I would like to commend you on ing credibility of psychoanalysis. I believe that within psychiatry and psychiatric training the high quality of TAP’s content. Not only this solution is vastly inadequate. Further- and reassert psychoanalysis as its propo- do I find it extremely readable, it is one of more, our new attitude of inclusiveness, fran- nent.The enlightenment of tomorrow’s psy- the most forward looking (and thinking) tic search for empirical justification, vigorous chiatrists must be regarded as important as psychoanalytic newsletters being published efforts at marketing, and finger pointing the training of new psychoanalysts. today. within our ranks will have limited effects. Our They say that in death, you die twice; I particularly enjoyed a piece in the last problems are the direct consequence of a once with your actual death, and a second issue, (Volume 37, No. 4) on “Marketing powerful anti-psychodynamic lobby that has time when those who remember you die. Psychoanalysis” (page 37) which had no hijacked psychiatry and effectively promul- Regrettably, I believe that within American byline. The article states, “Each TAP is now gates this bias within the therapeutic com- medicine psychoanalysis is on life support… reviewed by a board member looking solely munity.This has been implemented through and those who will remember her are not for unwitting instances of ‘arrogance.’ Our official American Psychiatric Association poli- far behind. aim is to have one of the organization’s cies and activities, particularly the publication Norman M. Camp, M.D. most visible publications avoid unwitting of DSM-III in 1980, which served as a singu- Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, instances of arrogance or exclusivity in our larly devastating renunciation of psychoana- Virginia Commonwealth language or focus.” lytic principles. University Medical Center This is a laudable goal. So, I hope you will In my opinion, the APsaA’s response Past President, forgive me for nitpicking and drawing your has been mostly one of appeasement and Virginia Psychoanalytic Society attention to a small error which never- self-reproach. Perhaps this is because so theless touches upon decades of historical many of our members are also psychia- DELIGHTED MENNINGER CLINIC exclusivity. trists who question themselves whenever AND RESEARCH CONTINUE That very same article records the pro- critics dismiss analytically-based therapies I was delighted to read in TAP (Vol. 37, ceedings of a panel on marketing at the as not “evidence based.” Yet Dr. Portuges’ No. 4, p. 4) Dr. Richard Munich’s correction June 2003 APsaA meeting. It identifies Mel article, “The Power of the Antidepressant of my error in saying that the Menninger Bornstein as “the sole analyst on the panel,” ‘Placebo’ ” (TAP,same issue, pp. 7, 26), amply Clinic had closed. At the time of writing but then goes on to identify my colleague, documents the thin margin of therapeutic my article about new appointments at the Bernie Gertler, as a “group relations expert effectiveness of SSRI antidepressants and Anna Freud Centre (TAP,Vol. 37, No. 3), I and an analyst with the William Alanson exposes the historic manipulation of “evi- was unaware that it was the Topeka Insti- White Institute.” dence” favoring these medications. tute only that had closed, while the Clinic I suppose the author might have Undeniably, the fate of psychoanalysis rests remained open and moved, as Dr. Munich intended to identify Bornstein as the only on our relationship with psychiatry. Fur- described,“with over 100 patients and staff APsaA-trained analyst on the panel. But thermore, time is running out. Senior non- to Houston,Texas at the end of May 2003.” even if that were the case, making the analyst psychiatrists who learned before I was especially glad to learn that some of point would still seem contrary to the DSM-III arrived about the critical role of un- the Menninger Clinic’s research will con- efforts at inclusiveness which TAP is trying conscious conflict in psychopathology and tinue to be done in conjunction with the so hard to promote. who have served as role models for psychi- Anna Freud Centre in London and the Child Jack Drescher, M.D. atric residents and other trainees are being Study Center at Yale University. Indeed a Training and Supervising Analyst replaced by a new generation of psychiatrists felicitous association. William Alanson White Institute with little conviction in psychodynamics. Robert L.Tyson,M.D. APsaA must formally and vigorously chal- Training and Supervising Analyst lenge today’s APA regarding the con- San Diego Psychoanalytic sequences of a “mindless” psychiatry. Long Society and Institute Continued on page 41

40 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 Committees Liaison To Schools Committee, Stephen Continued from page 26 Kerzner and Jonathan Cohen, co-chairs, spon- Editor’s Reply: As the anonymous sors a symposium for analysts and educators at writer, and the founder of TAP’s “arro- Relations and lobbyist Jim Pyles to formulate each national meeting. It is building a cadre of gance police force,” I am deeply cha- and implement APsaA’s policies to protect educator associates, and coordinates projects grined at my error and extend my health care privacy via lobbying, public rela- for K-12 education. apologies to Bernie Gertler, whom I tions, and judicial intervention. The Student Associates Committee, chaired enjoyed meeting at the panel. I knew The Oxford case, the RICO class action by David Steinman, with Brenda Bauer, co- and know full well that Bernie is an suit against HMO’s, and the HIPAA suit have chair, has established a very successful pro- accomplished analyst. I meant to say occupied the energies of the Committee on gram with wide reaching implications to work that Mel Bornstein was the only APsaA Government Relations, Bob Pyles, chair.These with local institutes and societies to provide analyst, implying that these were wel- far reaching legal efforts have given APsaA a free registration for students at national meet- come and fresh perspectives, but as presence and a level of clout vastly out of ings.The committee is continuing to develop Dr. Dresher points out even that iden- proportion to our size and funding. the student associate membership category. tification sounds arrogant. Finally, the Committee on Russian-American Your humbled editor, GOVERNANCE DIVISION Educational Exchanges continues its extraordi- Prudy Gourguechon Art Farley has assumed the chairmanship of nary, self-funded efforts to bring psychoana- the Exploratory Subcommittee of the Nomi- lytic education to Russia and the Ukraine.The UNKNOWN FACTS nating Committee (for those in the dark, the teachers, chair, Gary Goldsmith, and Fred Fisher Interesting facts missing in TAP 37/4: “Nominating Committee” is the Executive and Richard Cornfield, pay their own way, and In the photo of the analyst’s room on Council, and the “Exploratory Subcommittee” teach six days a week, six to seven hours a page one, the multiple portrait of Freud is a group elected by Council to recommend day. Five trips are tentatively planned for the first was done by Joshua Hoffs, a training nominees for office).The committee plans to half of 2004. Additional teachers are needed. analyst at LAPSI about 30 years ago. focus on encouraging more members to run Anyone interested should contact Goldsmith. Regarding Harriet Basseches’ article on for office. We apologize to those whose work was chairs and professors of psychoanalysis, The Committee on Societies and Centers, not mentioned in this brief review, and hope I believe Franz Alexander was the first chaired by Richard Lightbody, continues to to recognize your contributions in a future professor of psychoanalysis at the Uni- investigate the possibility of providing voluntary TAP. versity of Chicago in 1931. Alexander consultative site visits to societies. was my training analyst. Amy Gilberg, M.D., Ph.D. PROFESSIONAL OUTREACH DIVISION Past President and Psychotherapy Initiative The Ad Hoc Committee on New Psycho- Continued from page 31 Training and Supervising Analyst analytic Centers, Alan Sugarman and Richard Southern California Ruzumna, chairs, has established the program To enhance psychoanalysis in universities, Psychoanalytic Institute for Affiliated Study Groups in APsaA, in areas however, we must develop research and schol- that lack APsaA study groups, societies, or arship in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. We institutes. These groups consist of at least are compiling a bibliography that highlights one APsaA member analyst, and interested psychotherapy as a topic of study in its own psychoanalytic psychotherapists. Many are right, not merely as a derivative of analysis. We expected to develop into regular study groups are also working with the Program Committee TAP welcomes or societies. Birmingham, Missoula, and Memphis to highlight psychotherapy in panels, clinical have all become affiliated study groups with the workshops and scientific paper sessions and letters to the editor. help of this committee, and possibilities are are encouraging the submission of papers on Letters must be less than being considered in Oklahoma City, San Jose, psychotherapy to our journals. 350 words long. Letters will Champaign/Urbana, Knoxville, and Columbus. Finally, as members of the psychoanalytic pro- be printed as space allows The Committee on Psychotherapy Associ- fession, we must ask ourselves some crucial and at the discretion of the ates, Jane Warren, chair, looks forward to work- questions: Is psychoanalytic psychotherapy a ing with Dick Fox on the new psychotherapy watered-down version of psychoanalysis or editorial board. initiative. A new co-chair Mae Kastor, was does it exist on a continuum with psychoanaly- appointed, with the mission of renewing the sis? And is there another way to define psycho- committee’s efforts to help establish local analysis beyond the frequency of the sessions APT groups. and the posture of the patient?

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 41 JAPA TRANSITION

JAPA Also, every second issue will contain a new Continued from page 33 empirical research section, and we will have a section on psychoanalytic education. The JAPA, under the inspired leadership of my plan is to increase JAPA’s role in the scientific predecessor, Arnie Richards, has become dialogue about psychoanalytic research and much more complex and demanding of the education, two areas of great concern for editor, I believe my experience at Emory the future of our field as psychoanalysis will prove very useful. Also, my scholarly moves toward being an independent pro- work represents mainstream North Ameri- fession rather than a subspecialty of other Meetings can psychoanalytic ideas deeply rooted in tra- professions.

Calendar ditional psychoanalytic perspectives, which is a

Upcoming solid foundation for considering interesting, LJ: Do you see JAPA having a role in various novel ideas. debates going on within APsaA, like questions As to the selection of the editor, the choice about certification and eligibility requirements? 93RD ANNUAL MEETING, is made by a committee of the membership SL: That’s an interesting and difficult ques- AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYTIC heavily weighted with people who have expe- tion. There has always been an intellectual ASSOCIATION rience in editing at JAPA and other leading firewall between the politics of APsaA and San Francisco, California June 23-27, 2004 journals, along with people who are actively the scholarly activities of JAPA, even though For information: involved in scholarly life. Applicants usually JAPA is owned by the organization. Arnie Phone 212-752-0450 have some experience with JAPA, they write Richards, despite his own interests and pro- Website http://www.apsa.org essays, and undergo a series of interviews. clivities, carefully shielded JAPA from political, It’s a rigorous process that for me was fun, organizational matters for 10 years. Interest- SPLITTING, DENIAL AND NARCISSISM: challenging, and obviously I’m pleased with ingly, he ended his term with a JAPA supple- NEURO-PSYCHOANALYTIC the outcome. ment specifically devoted to the politics of PERSPECTIVES ON THE RIGHT HEMISPHERE The Fifth International Neuro-Psychoanalysis Congress Every second issue will contain a new Rome, Italy September 2-5, 2004 empirical research section, and we will have a For information: E-mail [email protected] new section on psychoanalytic education. Website www.neuro-psa.org

CURE IN PSYCHOANALYSIS The British Psychoanalytical Society, LJ: I imagine you have a vision for JAPA’s psychoanalysis, so it will be important to see London English-Speaking future.What can our readers expect? how the organization takes up the issues raised Weekend Conference 2004 SL: Following Arnie Richard’s lead, a major in that supplement. I intend to be cautious like London, England continuing direction for JAPA is one of inclu- my predecessor, and make certain JAPA September 15-17, 2004 siveness and trying to come to grips with remains a rigorous, scientific journal. For information: Phone +44 20 75 63 5016 the challenges of theoretical and clinical plu- E-mail [email protected] ralism. Many analysts look for coordination LJ: Is there anything else you wish to say to and commonality of theoretical perspectives, our readers? PSYCHOANALYSIS AND THE and just as many others feel our field grows SL: I would like everyone to see JAPA as HUMAN BODY: BEYOND more vibrant if it is unencumbered by the welcoming, so more and more of our mem- THE MIND-BODY DUALISM need for such coordination. I see it as the edi- bers will continue to get involved as reviewers 6th Delphi International tor’s job to try to strike a balance between and writers. We hope the new Internet activ- Psychoanalytic Symposium Delphi, Greece these positions. ities will increase participation, and I would October 27-31, 2004 We will pursue new Internet,Web-based like people to feel free to call me if they wish For information: techniques that will allow readers to dialog to get involved. E-mail [email protected] with writers. There will be a commentary Website http://delphi.med.upatras.gr section and expanded letters section that LJ: Steve, I want to congratulate you on will allow our readers more opportunities to becoming our new editor and wish you the best. discuss the varied contributions to JAPA. Thanks for talking with us today.

42 THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 Council & Board Agendas Continued from page 30 Training & Supervising Analyst • COCAA endorsed (and BOPS and later Appointments Announced at the Council approved) the policy of accepting for membership graduates of the new Board on Professional Standards, child training only pilot programs. • Research is the single largest item in Wednesday, January 21, 2004 our budget. At a national level, there is extraordinary encouragement for research Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York efforts including the biannual symposia, poster sessions, science advisors, and now a new position of associate editor Training & Supervising Analysts for research of JAPA. CORE co-chair Ann Lehman Katz, Ed.D. Stuart Hauser noted that the biggest Boston Psychoanalytic Society & Institute, Inc. challenge in the research arena is to reach Adele Kaufman, L.C.S.W. local institutes and help them integrate Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis research into all teaching. Anna Janicki, M.D. • The Task Force on Recruitment, chaired Cleveland Psychoanalytic Center by Philip Hirschenfeld, offers 11 recom- Richard Lightbody, M.D. mendations about how we are going to Cleveland Psychoanalytic Center “reproduce” ourselves. Two key recom- mendations are: Each institute needs a Jonathan House, M.D. committee on recruitment, and there Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training & Research needs to be a standing committee of Sharone Ornstein, M.D. APsaA where representatives of all insti- Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training & Research tutes can discuss recruitment ideas and Jay Alan Davis, M.D. share successes and problems. Ron Ben- Houston-Galveston Psychoanalytic Institute son commented that some institutes seem Ann De Lancey, Ph.D. to be doing much better than others in Seattle Psychoanalytic Society & Institute recruitment; some places seem depressed, others enlivened. Institutes need to con- Richard M. Zeitner, Ph.D. sider: How do we appear in the com- Greater Kansas City Psychoanalytic Institute (Provisional) munity? Happy students recruit other students. Everyone at an institute needs to Geographic Rule Supervising Analysts realize the myriad opportunities they have Sybil Ginsburg, M.D. in daily interaction to present the face of Florida Psychoanalytic Institute psychoanalysis. Jay Phillips, M.D. Florida Psychoanalytic Institute TREASURER’S REPORT Our assets are doing well, exceeding the levels we had achieved at the time of the Geographic Rule Training & Supervising Analysts stock market downturn. This year we will Richard L. Munich, M.D. run a deficit due to the extraordinary one- New Orleans Psychoanalytic Institute, Inc. time expenses of revamping the Web site Jon K. Meyer, M.D. and hiring a new executive director, whose Wisconsin Psychoanalytic Institute (Provisional) tenure overlaps with the current adminis- trative director. The committees with the Child & Adolescent Supervising Analyst largest budgets are the Fund for Psychoana- Adele Kaufman, L.C.S.W. lytic Research, the Task Force on the Web Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis Site, CGRI,TAP, Fellowship, COI, and Public Information.

THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYST • Volume 38, No. 1 • Winter/Spring 2004 43 REGISTER on-line now at www.apsa.org!

For RESERVATIONS: 1-800-325-3589 $199 single or double Yo u don’t need a code, just say you’re with the American Psychoanalytic Association. When making your TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS, please note that Sunday, June 27th is the Gay Pride Parade, an enormous event in San Francisco.The Palace Hotel is on the parade route and has reassured us that there will be only minor delays to the airport that Sunday.The hotel will sell-out that weekend. Be sure to book your hotel room soon!

SPECIAL FOR ALL STUDENTS AND TRAINEES: A generous grant from the following* will make possible free registration for all Residents in Psychiatry, Post-Docs in Psychology, Graduate Students/Students and Student Associates: San Francisco Psychoanalytic Institute and Society and the American Psychoanalytic Foundation. The Chicago Psychoanalytic Society will underwrite the fees for those students and trainees from the Chicago Area.

*Please note, only societies and institutes participating as of this printing are listed.

NONPROFIT ORG. US POSTAGE P AID ALBANY, NY PERMIT #370

309 East 49th Street New York, New York 10017