Countermeasures and Suggestions to Promote the Deep Integration of Culture and Technology in the --Macao Greater Bay Area

Qian ZHENG1, Zhikuan REN2, Nanqi ZHOU3 1Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund 2Guangdong Institute of Scientific & Technical Information 3London School of Economics and Political Science

Abstract: As the key point to the deep integration of the Guangdong-Hong Kong- Macao Greater Bay Area, culture and technology are highly valued by all sectors of society. In the new era, we must use culture as the link and modern technology as the support to promote the in-depth exchange and integration of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao cultures, and effectively enhance the centripetal force of the Hong Kong and Macao compatriots towards the country and the sense of identity of “one country, two systems”, strengthen the mutual interaction between the people of the two places, fundamentally provide support for the implementation of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area strategy. Keywords: Culture; Technology: the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

About the author: Qian ZHENG (1990-), female, Miao nationality, from Huaihua, Hunan, assistant researcher, master’s degree, main research direction is science and technology strategy, science and technology information, Science fund Management; Zhikuan REN (1988-), male, Han nationality, from Hanzhong, Shaanxi, assistant research- er, master’s degree, main research direction is science and technology strategy, science and technology information; Nanqi ZHOU(2000-), female, Han nationality, from , Guangdong, undergradu- ate student at the School of Economics and Political Science. Foundation projects: Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province “The new trend of technological development and the strategic choice of Guangdong’s innovation-driven development under the background of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Ma- cao Greater Bay Area”(2017A080804001);Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province “A series of special studies on technological system innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area” (2018B070715001);Science and Tech- nology Planning Project of Guangdong Province “Research on the Classified Management System of Guangdong Provincial New R&D Institution” (2019A101002025).

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DOI: 10.47297/wspciWSP2516-252717.20200408

ingnan culture carries the memories, emotions and values shared by the Lpeople of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, can fundamentally condense people into an organic whole, giving people in the Bay Area a breath of life. The integration of cultural and technological development is an inevitable requirement for the exchange and mutual learning and cooperation of global civilizations. Striving to build a cultural and technological integration community and accelerating the efficiency and level of integration of the two are the major trends in the high-quality development of the Greater Bay Area[1]. Looking at the world- class Bay Area, the San Francisco Bay Area is a world-renowned center of science, education and culture. The New York Bay Area and the Tokyo Bay Area have developed cultural and creative industries. Although Guangdong has attached great importance to the development of cultural industries in recent years, there are also problems such as low integration of the Greater Bay Area, insufficient protection of intellectual property rights, and insufficient supply of talents. In the new era, to actively promote the extension of to Hong Kong and Macao, it is necessary to use scientific and technological forces to promote the use of new technologies in the cultural industry to form new business formats, promote the systematic innovation of cultural production methods, communication methods and consumption patterns, and promote the cultural industry to become a strategic emerging industry, establish a strategic cornerstone for the integrated development of the three places in the Greater Bay Area.

1. The Integrated Development of Culture and Technology in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has Achieved Positive Results

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is a place where diverse cultures converge, forming a demonstration site for mutual learning between and modern culture, and a leading demonstration of cultural technology[2]. In recent years, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has actively promoted the in-depth integration of cultural science and technology. A group of cultural and technological enterprises with high-tech support, digital content as the main body, and independent intellectual property rights as the core have emerged, the core technology, key technology and common technology of property rights have formed, “Culture + Technology” has achieved remarkable results. First, the supporting role of science and technology on culture has gradually emerged, and a pattern of cultural exchanges and cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao has taken shape. Guangdong attaches great importance

148 Countermeasures and Suggestions to Promote the Deep Integration of Culture and Technology in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to cultural and technological exchanges and cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, establishes Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao cultural industrial parks in key areas such as Guangzhou Nansha Development Zone, Qianhai Shenzhen-Hong Kong Modern Service Special Cooperation Zone, Hengqin New District, to promote the complementary and integrated development of cultural industry resources in the two places. Led the establishment of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Cultural Industry Alliance, Music Art Alliance, Cultural and Creative Industry Promotion Association, Literature Alliance, Cultural Education Exchange Center and other organizations to vigorously introduce advance technology to improve the construction level. At the same time, guides various cities to give full play to their own characteristics and promote the integrated development of the three places. Among them, Zhuhai actively cultivates new cultural business clusters, formulates and implements an action plan for the development of the ultra-high-definition video industry in Guangdong Province, opens the country's first provincial-level 4K channel, and relies on the application of 4K display technology in cultural communication. Second, the cultural and technological industry is booming, and a number of industry leaders have emerged. In 2018, the added value of culture and related industries in Guangdong Province was 578.781 billion yuan, accounting for 5.79% of the regional GDP, continued to rank first in the country. Cultural technology continues to drive industrial structure optimization and efficiency enhancement, the scale of the industry continues to expand. Meanwhile, new businesses such as animation games, online music, online literature, Internet entertainment, and online audiovisual content development are booming, and leading companies in cultural technology continue to emerge. For example, in the field of Internet culture, Guangdong has given full play to the advantages of a major Internet province, focused on the development and application of new technologies, and innovated online cultural products and services. Industry giants such as Tencent, NetEase, and Kingsoft have emerged. Third, driven by new technologies, the traditional cultural industry is radiating new vitality. Guangdong actively promotes the integration and development of cultural manufacturing and technology, and promotes the transformation and upgrading of traditional cultural industries through “Internet +”, intelligent transformation of production processes, increased technological research and development and creative design, and the integration and extension of the industrial chain. In the field of game entertainment equipment manufacturing, companies have actively introduced new technologies such as VR/AR and artificial intelligence, launched a number of excellent products and equipment integrating puzzle, fitness, training and other functions, such as Xili’s “Wonderful Sand City”, Shiyu’s “Nationwide Gunfight VR”, Holley’s “Dance Zone”, etc., have all achieved good market performance.

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Forth, cultural and technological enterprises have achieved high-quality development by accelerating technological transformation. Guangdong emphasizes technology-driven and technological leadership, uses new technologies, new channels, and new models for creative, production and commercial operations, to promote the systemic innovation of cultural production methods, communication methods and consumption models, realize the transformation and development of cultural enterprises. For example, Artron Culture Co., Ltd. uses digital technology to transform the traditional art industry, and builds a commercial platform covering the entire industry chain of art through the innovative business model of “printing + digital technology + art services”, then, realized the transformation from “Artron Printing” to “Artron Culture” and a purely product manufacturing company to a comprehensive service operator in the industry. Fifth, the construction of cultural industry parks has accelerated, and the effect of industrial agglomeration has been prominent. As a region that promotes the development of cultural industry clusters earlier in the country, Guangdong Cultural Industry Park focuses on innovative development models such as “Culture+” and “Internet+” to provide enterprises in the park with high-end value-added services such as industrial chain docking, project incubation, and collaborative innovation, to attract cultural innovation elements continuously gather. At present, Guangdong has established Shenzhen Town Group, Guangzhou Beijing Road Cultural Core District and other national cultural industry demonstration parks, has formed Guangzhou Changlong Group, Aofei Group, Shenzhen Greyhound Group, Shenzhen Huaqiang, Piano, Artron Culture Group, Shenzhen Dafen Oil Village, Shengguang Co., Ltd., Shenzhen X518 Fashion Creative Park and other cultural and technological industry clusters.

2. Several Problems in the Integration of Culture and Technology in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

First, the understanding of the importance of cultural and technological integration is lacking. The cultural construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong- Macao Greater Bay Area should not evade the all-round competition for cultural politics and cultural identity in the three places. We need to comprehensively examine the importance of cultural and technological integration from a political perspective. However, the survey found that someone believe that the growth of the cultural industry is too slow, not as fast as the real economy; someone believe that the local cultural heritage is weak and there is no room for development. It reflects that the potential of science and technology to support cultural construction has not been fully released, and relevant departments and localities still need to further improve the awareness of the importance and urgency of the integration of culture and science and technology.

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Second, the integration of culture and technology is insufficient. The integration of culture and technology should be guided by culture and assisted by technology. The excellent traditional Lingnan culture, which is composed of the three tributaries of culture, and culture, should be placed in the center, relying on modern science and technology to give full play to the natural integration advantages of culture. But the reality is that science and technology are ahead of culture, and cultural creativity cannot keep up with the pace of technological innovation. The main reason is that the local government believes that the “technical content” of the cultural industry is too low and should not enjoy the dividends of technological innovation policies. As a result, many policies do not treat cultural enterprises as high-tech enterprises, which affects the innovation and development of enterprises. Third, the protection of intellectual property rights is insufficient. Intellectual property is the core asset of cultural and technological enterprises, intellectual property protection is a necessary prerequisite for the integrated and innovative development of cultural science and technology. Looking at Guangdong's prosper cultural industry, the intellectual property management system is imperfect, the long-term supervision mechanism is lacking, the cost of illegal piracy is low, then the infringement is more serious. Corporate legal rights protection are faced with problems such as “difficulty in producing evidence, long cycle, high cost, low compensation, poor effect”. Even if the lawsuit is won, the effect will be minimal, and the protection of property rights is difficult. An entrepreneur said that we have worked so hard to come up with an idea and invest a lot of cost to realize industrialization. When we make a product to be profitable, other large companies only need to make minor modifications to immediately market it. This is essentially Intellectual property protection is insufficient, and the results of rights protection are too high. Forth, the supply of cultural and technological talents is insufficient. In the survey, some companies reported that they lack comprehensive talents who are both versed in science and technology and are familiar with culture, this results in fewer cultural + technological fusion products and restricting the creativity, dissemination, and appeal of culture itself. The reason is that the current various talent policies have set some rigid thresholds and evaluation factors according to the titles or titles within the system, and have not set policies that suit the characteristics of the cultural industry, which is not conducive to the landing and introduction of talents. At the same time, due to the cultural background, it is difficult to introduce high-level and influential foreign cultural talents. The high cost and high risk of introducing corporate talents restrict the introduction of cultural and technological talents.

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3. Countermeasures and Suggestions for Accelerating the Integration of Culture and Technology in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

Compared with traditional cultural industries, modern cultural industries involve a wider range of fields and more investment opportunities[3]. In order to promote the cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao in the cultural and creative industries, give play to the leading role of Lingnan culture and technology integration in the cultural industry, and promote the cultural industry to become a pillar industry and a strategic emerging industry, the following suggestions are put forward. (1) Build a modern industrial system that integrates cultural and technological development. The first is to request the state to authorize Guangdong to join Hong Kong and Macao to build a national-level cultural and technological integration demonstration base, lay out new cultural business incubators, build professional incubators and accelerators for new cultural business, and build an industrial ecological carrier with multiple functions such as policy support, project incubation, venture capital, results docking and transformation, and comprehensive services. The second is to request the Ministry of Culture to jointly establish the Greater Bay Area Cultural Industry Investment Joint Fund to promote the use of the Internet, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other new-generation information technologies to digitally transform traditional cultural resources such as Lingnan culture, promote cultural resources and cultural products Virtualization, visualization and interaction, promote the extension to both ends of the industry chain and the rise to the high end of the value chain. The third is to strengthen the linkage of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao enterprises and the coordination of the industrial chain, increase the cultivation of small and medium-sized scientific and technological cultural enterprises, form a scientific and cultural integration innovation enterprise cluster led by large-scale backbone cultural enterprises and supplemented by small and medium-sized scientific and technological cultural enterprises. (2) Improve the technological innovation system of cultural and technological integration. First, centering on the foundation of the cultural and technological industry in the Greater Bay Area, construct a number of national-level platforms such as national key laboratories, national technological innovation centers, and national engineering (technical) research centers in the field of cultural science and technology. The second is relying on the existing leading enterprises to build a state key laboratory for enterprises, and provide financial support for enterprises that have made outstanding contributions. The third is to vigorously introduce national-level compounds to the Greater Bay Area to build a docking platform for

152 Countermeasures and Suggestions to Promote the Deep Integration of Culture and Technology in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area cultural technology and industrial innovation, and accelerate the establishment of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Cultural Science Cooperative Development Research Institute. The fourth is to promote the dislocation development of industries in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao and complement each other's advantages. Focusing on the strategic priorities of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Macao and the cities, launch major industrial technology innovation projects. (3) Accelerate the cultivation and introduction of innovative and creative talents. The first is to implement the “Lingnan Cultural Masters Project” and increase the introduction and cultivation of high-level cultural and technological talents. The second is to establish a professional title evaluation and vocational qualification certification mechanism for talents in new cultural business forms, and carry out multi-field and wide-range professional title evaluation. The third is to implement various talent policies to support and guide high-end talents engaged in overseas cultural creativity and cultural technology research and development to innovate and start businesses in Guangdong. Support high-level talents with funds and projects to settle down and start enterprises in the Cultural and Technological Industrial Park. Introduce top scientific research institutions and talents in the field of global cultural science and technology to create a cultural and technological “Silicon Valley” in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. (4) Accelerate research and development of core technologies in the cultural field. First, focus on the development of key technologies such as digital animation production, digital audio and video and high-definition film and television production, next-generation broadcasting and television networks, online publishing, and semantic intelligent search, strengthen the research and development of software, technical standards, key components and equipment with independent intellectual property rights in the cultural field, and promote the industrialization of several major cultural scientific and technological achievements. Second, set up a special core technology research project, focus on the bottleneck technology that restricts the development of cultural science and technology, accelerate breakthroughs in forward-looking technologies and core key common technologies, improve product technology content and added value, and enhance industrial competitiveness. The third is to accelerate the promotion and application of high-tech achievements such as cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, virtual reality and augmented reality, artificial intelligence in the cultural field, enhance the competitiveness of the cultural industry. (5) Promote the free flow of cultural and technological elements. The first is to authorize Guangdong to set up special projects for cultural science and technology in the Greater Bay Area, allowing various project funds at all levels, especially joint scientific research project funding, to be transferred between the three places to facilitate the development of scientific research institutions and talents in the

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Greater Bay Area Project cooperation. The second is to include cultural and technological talents in the high-end talent sequence, allowing special passes to be processed in the name of individuals or institutions. The third is to establish an Internet dedicated line for cultural and technological exchanges to build an international Internet environment directly connected to Hong Kong and . The fourth is to explore the establishment of a cultural and technological venture capital fund in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, improve the venture capital mechanism for cultural and technological fields, and strengthen investment and financing support for cultural technological innovation. (6) Strengthen the protection of cultural and technological intellectual property rights. First, improve the intellectual property evaluation system in the field of cultural science and technology, and establish a sound intellectual property credit guarantee mechanism. Second, organize and carry out special actions for the enforcement of intellectual property rights in key areas, and improve the joint supervision and supervision system for major intellectual property cases in the cultural field. Third, focus on “informatization, big data, cloud copyright”, build an “IP copyright cloud platform”, and cultivate a group of “provincial IP protection demonstration bases.” Fourth, promote copyright legislation, establish a legislative mechanism adapted to the characteristics of copyright, and improve the quality of legislation.

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