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Checklist of the of Western

Red-tailed Black Cockatoo

R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Collections and Research, Western Australian Museum, Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106 November 2020 ______

The area covered by this Western Australian Checklist includes the seas and islands of the adjacent , including Ashmore Reef. Refer to a separate checklist for Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Criterion for inclusion of a or on the list is, in most cases, supported by tangible evidence i.e. a museum specimen, an archived or published photograph or detailed description, video tape or sound recording. Amendments to the previous checklist have been carried out with reference to both global and regional publications/checklists. The prime reference material for global coverage has been the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) World List, The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, the Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volume, 1 (Lynx Edicions, Barcelona), A Checklist of the Birds of Britain, 8th edition, the Checklist of North American Birds and, for regional coverage, Zoological Catalogue of Australia volume 37.2 ( to Coraciidae), The Directory of Australian Birds, and the Working List of Australian Birds (Birdlife Australia). The advent of molecular investigation into avian has required, and still requires, extensive and ongoing revision at all levels – , generic and specific. This revision to the ‘Checklist of the Birds of ’ is a collation of the most recent information/research emanating from such studies, together with the inclusion of newly recorded species. Due to the publication of research at differing intervals and the fact that these authors may hold varying opinions, delays of incorporating this new data into checklists will also vary. Where considered appropriate, these latest research findings have been included as has some pre-published material in to make this checklist as up to date as possible. From these comments, it can be seen that avian taxonomy is a ‘work in progress’ and that it is currently a long way from having a definitive world list. Overall, departures from the prime reference material in both global and regional lists (as above) have been minimised. Subject to the general consensus/opinion of other authors, the IOC comments have been accepted relating to the higher taxonomic levels and taxonomic status beyond Australia, but not where the Western Australian Museum collection material, distributional data base etc. shows otherwise. Changes should only come when there is certainty and consensus and the Western Australian Museum’s objective is to maintain the status quo until claimed revisions have been thoroughly analysed and accepted e.g. Alström et al. 2018 made major reclassification of the grassbirds and allies. A further element in this current revision to the ‘Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia’ is the number of additional species contained/recorded. Increased public interest in combined with improved identification knowledge, the increasing number of “bird watchers” having high-technology photographic equipment, and more extensive field excursions (often to remote areas e.g. Ashmore Reef) all have contributed here. Whether all of these newly recorded species are in fact migratory “strays” which have been missed earlier, or whether other factors such as destruction (along migratory routes) or climatic change is involved is of course unknown. The aim of this checklist is to summarise all available data on systematics and taxonomy, provide brief explanations for changes, incorporate new higher-level classifications and recent new generic, specific and subspecific changes. Where necessary, reasons for departing from the current above-named checklists (IOC, Birds Australia etc.) are also given. Where there is doubt on the identification of a subspecies it is included in [ ] square brackets. An asterisk * denotes an introduced or naturalised species, not originally native. We especially thank Kim Sarti for his development, layout and updating of this checklist document. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell AVES Order Family CASUARIIDAE Emu 1Dromaius novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) ...... Emu Dromaius novaehollandiae novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) Order Family MEGAPODIIDAE Leipoa ocellata Gould, 1840 ...... Megapodius reinwardt Dumont, 1823 ...... Orange-footed (Orange-legged Scrubfowl) Megapodius reinwardt tumulus Gould, 1842 Family pectoralis Gould, 1837 ...... Stubble Coturnix ypsilophora Bosc, 1792 ...... Brown Quail 2Coturnix ypsilophora cervina Gould, 1865 Coturnix ypsilophora australis (Latham, 1802) 3Excalfactoria chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... 4Excalfactoria chinensis lineata (Scopoli, 1786) 5*Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Common (Domestic Pheasant) *Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Common Peafowl (Indian Peafowl)

Order Family Magpie 6Anseranas semipalmata (Latham, 1798) ...... (Pied Goose) Family , geese and Dendrocygna eytoni (Eyton, 1838) ...... Plumed Whistling 7Dendrocygna arcuata (Horsfield, 1824) ...... Wandering (Chestnut Whistling Duck) Cereopsis novaehollandiae Latham, 1802 ...... Cape Barren Goose Cereopsis novaehollandiae grisea (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Recherche Cape Barren Goose Cygnus atratus (Latham, 1790) ...... Black *Cygnus olor (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Mute Swan Stictonetta naevosa (Gould, 1841) ...... 8Radjah radjah (Garnot & Lesson, R, 1828) ...... Radjah (Raja Shelduck) Radjah radjah rufitergum Hartert, 1905 ...... Burdekin Duck Tadorna tadornoides (Jardine and Selby, 1828) ...... Australian Shelduck (Mountain Duck) Malacorhynchus membranaceus (Latham, 1802) ...... Pink-eared Duck Chenonetta jubata (Latham, 1802) ...... Australian Wood Duck (Wood Duck, Maned Duck) Nettapus pulchellus Gould, 1842 ...... Green Pygmy Goose 9Mareca penelope (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Eurasian Wigeon 10Anas querquedula Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Garganey

1 Formerly in Dromaiidae. D. n. rothschildi is not accepted as a subspecies. 2 The small northern ssp. C. y. cervina Gould is separable from other Australian populations. 3 Formerly in Coturnix. 4 E. c. lineata occurs in northern Australia, SE Asia and the Lesser Sundas. Subspecies E. c. colletti of Kimberley and poorly distinct and not recognised. 5 Common Pheasants introduced into Australia are of mixed stock. 6 Now relocated in monotypic family Anseranatidae, formerly in Anatidae. 7 D. arcuata is treated as monotypic with no subspecies. 8 Previously placed in the Tadorna. 9 Carnarvon 2013, De Grey River 2016. Formerly placed in the genus Anas. 10 Recent separation from genus Anas into is not followed here pending wider acceptance. .. 2 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell 11Anas rhynchotis Latham, 1802 ...... Australasian Anas rhynchotis rhynchotis Latham, 1802 12Anas clypeata Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Northern Shoveler 13Anas superciliosa Gmelin, 1789 ...... Pacific Black Duck *Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Mallard 14Anas acuta Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Northern Pintail 15Anas crecca Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Eurasian Teal Anas gracilis Buller, 1869 ...... Grey Teal Anas castanea (Eyton, 1838) ...... Chestnut Teal Aythya australis (Eyton, 1838) ...... Hardhead Oxyura australis Gould, 1837 ...... Blue-billed Duck Biziura lobata (Shaw, 1796) ...... Musk Duck

Order Family PODARGIDAE Podargus strigoides (Latham, 1802) ...... Tawny Podargus strigoides brachypterus Gould, 1841 Podargus strigoides phalaenoides Gould, 1840 Family CAPRIMULGIDAE Nightjars Eurostopodus argus Hartert, 1892 ...... Spotted Nightjar 16Caprimulgus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel, 1847 ...... Grey Nightjar 17Caprimulgus affinis Horsfield, 1821 ...... Savanna Nightjar

Order Family AEGOTHELIDAE Owlet-nightjars Aegotheles cristatus (Shaw, 1790) ...... Australian Owlet-nightjar Aegotheles cristatus cristatus (Shaw, 1790) 18Aegotheles cristatus leucogaster Gould, 1844 Family APODIDAE Swifts 19Aerodramus spp...... Aerodramus "Nest swiftlets" Hirundapus caudacutus (Latham, 1801) ...... White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus caudacutus (Latham, 1801) 20Apus pacificus (Latham, 1801) ...... Pacific Swift (Fork-tailed Swift) Apus pacificus pacificus (Latham, 1801) 21Apus nipalensis (Hodgson, 1837) ...... House Swift

11 Recent separation from genus Anas into Spatula is not followed here pending wider acceptance. 12 Recent separation from genus Anas into Spatula is not followed here pending wider acceptance. 13 A. superciliosa is treated as monotypic with no subspecies. 14 Now treated as monotypic species following elevation of sub-Antarctic forms as full species. 15 Harding Dam 2019. 16 Ashmore Reef 2003. No specimens available. Sometimes treated as a ssp. of C. indicus. 17 Ashmore Reef 2006. Subspecies not identified and migratory and local Indonesian ssp. are possible vagrants. 18 The ssp. leucogaster is recognised for the north-eastern and southern Kimberley population (Johnstone and Storr 1998). 19 Reports of Aerodramus spp. from Kimberley, but no specimens available. Field identification for this group is problematic and possibly includes Himalayan Swiftlet, Mossy-nest Swiftlet, Black-nest Swiftlet and Edible-nest Swiftlet with the probable occurence of at least one of these. 20 Non-breeding migrant. 21 Timor Sea 1988 and Broome 1998. Currently expanding its range in Lesser Sundas, (Johnstone et al. 2014). Sometimes treated as conspecific with the Little Swift Apus affinis. .. 3 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Order OTIDIFORMES Family OTIDIDAE 22Ardeotis australis (J.E. Gray, 1829) ...... Australian

Order CUCULIFORMES Family CUCULIDAE Centropus bengalensis (Gmelin, 1788) ...... Lesser Coucal 23Centropus bengalensis sarasinorum Stresemann, 1912 Centropus phasianinus (Latham, 1801) ...... Pheasant Coucal 24Centropus phasianinus phasianinus (Latham, 1801) 25Centropus phasianinus highami (Mathews, 1922) Eudynamys orientalis (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Pacific (Australian Koel) Eudynamys orientalis subcyanocephalus Mathews, 1912 Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham, 1790 ...... Channel-billed Scythrops novaehollandiae novaehollandiae Latham, 1790 Chrysococcyx basalis (Horsfield, 1821) ...... Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo Chrysococcyx osculans (Gould, 1847) ...... Black-eared Cuckoo Chrysococcyx lucidus (Gmelin, 1788) ...... Chrysococcyx lucidus plagosus (Latham, 1802) Chrysococcyx minutillus Gould, 1859 ...... Little Bronze Cuckoo Chrysococcyx minutillus minutillus Gould, 1859 pallidus (Latham, 1802) ...... Cacomantis flabelliformis (Latham, 1802) ...... Fan-tailed Cuckoo Cacomantis flabelliformis flabelliformis (Latham, 1802) Cacomantis variolosus (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Cacomantis variolosus variolosus (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) saturatus Blyth, 1843 ...... 26Cuculus saturatus optatus Gould, 1845 ...... Horsfield’s Cuckoo

Order COLUMBIFORMES Family COLUMBIDAE Pigeons and doves 27*Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 ...... Domestic Pigeon (Rock Dove) 28*Spilopelia chinensis (Scopoli, 1786) ...... Spotted Turtle Dove 29*Spilopelia chinensis tigrina (Temminck, 1810) 30*Spilopelia senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Laughing Turtle Dove *Spilopelia senegalensis senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Chalcophaps indica (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Emerald Dove 31Chalcophaps indica longirostris Gould, 1848 Phaps chalcoptera (Latham, 1790) ...... Common Bronzewing 32Phaps elegans (Temminck, 1809) ...... Brush Bronzewing

22 Previously merged with the genus Otis. 23 Ashmore Reef 2005. 24 The ssp. melanurus of northern and north-western Australia is not recognised. 25 Recognised for and Gascoyne populations; type locality Glenforrie Station 1921. This population is isolated from the Kimberley population and appears larger (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 26 Sometimes treated as a full species C. optatus. 27 Introduced in late 1800s. 28 Formerly in Streptopelia. 29 Specimens from show characters of two subspecies: S. c. chinensis and S. c. tigrina. 30 Formerly in Streptopelia. 31 C. i. longirostis treated by Rasmussen & Anderton (2005) as a full species. However, Johnstone et al. (2014) shows that C. i. longirostis intergrades with C. i. indica in eastern Indonesia and they should be treated as conspecific. 32 Validity of ssp. occidentalis from south-west Western Australia is doubtful. Its range is continuous across the Great Australian Bight and geographic variation between Western Australian and South Australian populations is slight. .. 4 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Phaps histrionica (Gould, 1841) ...... Flock Bronzewing (Flock Pigeon) 33Ocyphaps lophotes (Temminck, 1822) ...... Crested Pigeon 34Geophaps plumifera Gould, 1842 ...... Spinifex Pigeon Geophaps plumifera plumifera Gould, 1842 Geophaps plumifera ferruginea (Gould, 1865) Geophaps smithii (Jardine and Selby, 1830) ...... Pigeon Geophaps smithii smithii (Jardine and Selby, 1830) ...... Partridge Pigeon (Eastern form) Geophaps smithii blaauwi Mathews, 1912 ...... Partridge Pigeon (Western form) 35Petrophassa albipennis Gould, 1841 ...... White-quilled Rock Pigeon Geopelia cuneata (Latham, 1802) ...... Diamond Dove Geopelia striata (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Zebra Dove 36Geopelia striata placida Gould, 1844 ...... Peaceful Dove 37Geopelia humeralis (Temminck, 1821) ...... Bar-shouldered Dove 38Caloenas nicobarica (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Ptilinopus regina Swainson, 1825 ...... Rose-crowned 39Ptilinopus regina xanthogaster (Wagler, 1827) ...... Grey-capped Fruit Dove Ptilinopus regina ewingii Gould, 1842 Ducula bicolor (Scopoli, 1786) ...... Pied Imperial Pigeon 40Ducula bicolor spilorrhoa (G.R. Gray, 1858) ...... Torres Strait Pigeon (Torresian Imperial Pigeon)

Order Family RALLIDAE Rails, crakes, waterhens and coots Crex crex (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Corncrake () Lewinia pectoralis (Temminck, 1831) ...... Lewin's 41Lewinia pectoralis clelandi (Mathews, 1911) 42Gallirallus philippensis (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Buff-banded Rail Gallirallus philippensis mellori (Mathews, 1912) Eulabeornis castaneoventris Gould, 1844 ...... Chestnut Rail Eulabeornis castaneoventris castaneoventris Gould, 1844 43Tribonyx ventralis (Gould, 1837) ...... Black-tailed Nativehen Gallinula tenebrosa Gould, 1846 ...... Dusky Moorhen Gallinula tenebrosa tenebrosa Gould, 1846 Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Eurasian Coot Fulica atra australis Gould, 1845 Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Purple Swamphen (Western Swamphen) 44Porphyrio porphyrio melanotus Temminck, 1820 45Porphyrio porphyrio bellus Gould, 1841

33 Subspecies O. l. whitlocki is not recognised in this almost continually distributed species; geographic variation is slight and clinal. 34 There is considerable geographic variation within this species with white-bellied, red-bellied and intermediate populations e.g. in Cape, Edgar and Grant ranges. These populations are probably best treated as polytopic subspecies. (Johnstone 1981, Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 9: 49–64). 35 Forming a superspecies with Chestnut-quilled Rock Pigeon P. rufipennis of Arnhem Land. Subspecies P. a. boothi is not recognised; it is the end of a cline in size and colouration. 36 Only one ssp. G. s. placida recognised in Australia (Johnstone 1992, West. Aust. Nat. 19(1)). It is sometimes treated as a full species. 37 No ssp. recognised (Johnstone 1990, Rec. West. Aust. Mus. Suppl. 32: 1–120). 38 Timor Sea 1989. 39 Ashmore Reef 2016. 40 Sometimes treated as a full species D. spilorrhoa. 41 Possibly extinct, last report from south-western WA in 1932. 42 Sometimes placed in the genus Hypotaenidia. 43 Sometimes placed in the genus Gallinula. 44 Sometimes treated as a full species P. melanotus, but retained here as P. p. melanotus. 45 Sometimes treated as a subspecies P. melanotus, but retained here as P. p. bellus. .. 5 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell fluminea Gould, 1843 ...... Australian Spotted Crake (Australian Crake) 46Porzana pusilla (Pallas, 1776) ...... Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla palustris Gould, 1843 47Porzana tabuensis (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Spotless Crake 48Porzana cinerea (Vieillot, 1819) ...... White-browed Crake 49Rallina fasciata (Raffles, 1822) ...... Red-legged Crake 50Gallicrex cinerea (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Watercock Amaurornis phoenicurus (Pennant, 1769) ...... White-breasted Waterhen 51Amaurornis phoenicurus leucomelana (S. Müller, 1842) Amaurornis moluccana (Wallace, 1865) ...... Bush-hen Amaurornis moluccana ruficrissa (Gould, 1869) ...... Pale-vented Bush-hen Family GRUIDAE Cranes 52Grus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Sarus antigone gillae Schodde, Blackman and Haffenden, 1988 53Grus rubicunda (Perry, 1810) ......

Order PODICIPEDIFORMES Family PODICIPEDIDAE Tachybaptus ruficollis (Pallas, 1764) ...... Little (Red-throated ) 54Tachybaptus ruficollis tricolor (G.R. Gray, 1861) Tachybaptus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) ...... Australasian Grebe (Black-throated Grebe) Tachybaptus novaehollandiae novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) Poliocephalus poliocephalus (Jardine and Selby, 1827) ...... Hoary-headed Grebe cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Podiceps cristatus australis Gould, 1844

Order Family TURNICIDAE Turnix maculosus (Temminck, 1815) ...... Red-backed Turnix maculosus melanotus (Gould, 1837) Turnix castanotus (Gould, 1840) ...... Chestnut-backed Buttonquail Turnix varius (Latham, 1802) ...... Turnix varius varius (Latham, 1802) Turnix varius scintillans (Gould, 1845) ...... Abrolhos Painted Buttonquail Turnix pyrrhothorax (Gould, 1841) ...... Red-chested Buttonquail Turnix velox (Gould, 1841) ...... Family BURHINIDAE Stone-curlews grallarius (Latham, 1802) ...... Bush Stone-curlew (Bush Thick-knee) Esacus magnirostris (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Beach Stone-curlew (Beach Thick-knee) Family HAEMATOPODIDAE Oystercatchers Haematopus longirostris Vieillot, 1817 ...... Pied Oystercatcher Haematopus fuliginosus Gould, 1845 ...... Sooty Oystercatcher Haematopus fuliginosus fuliginosus Gould, 1845 Haematopus fuliginosus opthalmicus Castelnau and Ramsay, 1877

46 Sometimes placed in the genus Zapornia. 47 Sometimes placed in the genus Zapornia. 48 Sometimes placed in the monotypic genus Poliolimnas. 49 Broome 1958 and Whim Creek 2007. 50 Ashmore Reef 2012. 51 Ashmore Reef 2003. 52 Sometimes placed in the genus Antigone. 53 Sometimes placed in the genus Antigone. 54 Sometimes treated as a full species T. tricolor. .. 6 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family RECURVIROSTRIDAE Stilts and avocets Himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Black-winged Stilt 55Himantopus himantopus leucocephalus Gould, 1837 ...... Pied Stilt (White-headed Stilt) Cladorhynchus leucocephalus (Vieillot, 1816) ...... Banded Stilt Recurvirostra novaehollandiae Vieillot, 1816 ...... Red-necked Avocet Family , dotterels and tricolor (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Banded Vanellus miles (Boddaert, 1783) ...... Vanellus miles miles (Boddaert, 1783) Vanellus miles novaehollandiae Stephens, 1819 Erythrogonys cinctus Gould, 1838 ...... Red-kneed Dotterel Peltohyas australis (Gould, 1841) ...... Inland Dotterel 56Pluvialis fulva (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Pacific Golden 57Pluvialis dominica (Müller, 1776) ...... American Golden Plover Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Grey Plover 58Pluvialis squatarola squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758) 59Charadrius hiaticula Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Common Ringed Plover 60Charadrius semipalmatus Bonaparte, 1825 ...... Semipalmated Plover Charadrius dubius Scopoli, 1786 ...... Little Ringed Plover 61Charadrius dubius curonicus Gmelin, 1789 62Charadrius alexandrinus Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus [nihonensis] Deignan, 1941 Charadrius ruficapillus Temminck, 1822 ...... Red-capped Plover 63Charadrius bicinctus Jardine and Selby, 1827 ...... Double-banded Plover 64Charadrius bicinctus bicinctus Jardine and Selby, 1827 65Charadrius mongolus Pallas, 1776 ...... Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus mongolus Pallas, 1776 Charadrius mongolus schaeferi Meyer de Schauensee, 1937 Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson, 1826 ...... Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii leschenaultii Lesson, 1826 66Charadrius veredus Gould, 1848 ...... Oriental Plover 67Thinornis cucullatus (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Hooded Plover (Hooded Dotterel) Elseyornis melanops (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Black-fronted Dotterel Family ROSTRATULIDAE Painted snipes Rostratula benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Painted Snipe (Greater Painted Snipe) 68Rostratula benghalensis australis (Gould, 1838) ...... Australian Painted Snipe

55 Sometimes treated as a full species H. leucocephalus. 56 Non-breeding migrant. 57 Broome 2009-2010. 58 Non-breeding migrant. 59 Non-breeding migrant. No specimens available, but ssp. probably tundrae. 60 Martin's Tank 2007. 61 Leslie Saltworks 1993. 62 Non-breeding migrant. 63 Non-breeding migrant. 64 Non-breeding migrant. 65 Non-breeding migrant. 66 Non-breeding migrant. 67 Sometimes placed in the genus Charadrius. 68 Sometimes treated as a full species R. australis. .. 7 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family JACANIDAE Jacanas 69Irediparra gallinacea (Temminck, 1828) ...... Comb-crested Jacana 70Hydrophasianus chirurgus (Scopoli, 1786) ...... Pheasant-tailed Jacana Family SCOLOPACIDAE Sandpipers and snipes 71Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Scopoli, 1786) Numenius minutus Gould, 1841 ...... Little Curlew 72Numenius madagascariensis (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Far Eastern Curlew (Eastern Curlew) Numenius arquata (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata orientalis C.L. Brehm, 1831 Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica [lapponica] (Linnaeus, 1758) 73Limosa lapponica menzbieri Portenko, 1936 74Limosa limosa (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa melanuroides Gould, 1846 75Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Hudsonian Godwit Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Ruddy Turnstone 76Arenaria interpres interpres (Linnaeus, 1758) 77Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield, 1821) ...... Great Knot 78Calidris canutus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Red Knot 79Calidris canutus piersmai Tomkovich, 2001 Calidris canutus rogersi (Mathews, 1913) 80Calidrus pugnax (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Ruff 81 Calidrus falcinellus (Pontoppidan, 1763) ...... Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidrus falcinellus falcinellus (Pontoppidan, 1763) Calidrus falcinellus sibirica Dresser, 1876 82Calidris acuminata (Horsfield, 1821) ...... Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 83Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan, 1763) ...... Curlew Sandpiper Calidris temminckii (Leisler, 1812) ...... Temminck’s Stint 84Calidris subminuta (Middendorff, 1853) ...... Long-toed Stint 85Calidris ruficollis (Pallas, 1776) ...... Red-necked Stint

69 Sometimes placed in monotypic genus Metopidius. The retention of the eight species of Jacana into six genera cannot be justified. A better reflection of generic relationships may well be to retain Hydrophasianus as monotypic and combine all others in Jacana. 70 Paraburdoo 1974. 71 Non-breeding migrant. 72 Non-breeding migrant. 73 Non-breeding migrant. 74 Non-breeding migrant. 75 Joondalup 2012. 76 Non-breeding migrant. 77 Non-breeding migrant. 78 Non-breeding migrant. 79 Non-breeding migrant. 80 Moved from monotypic Philomachus to Calidris. 81 Formerly in genus Limicola. Non-breeding migrant. 82 Non-breeding migrant. 83 Non-breeding migrant. 84 Non-breeding migrant. 85 Non-breeding migrant. .. 8 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell 86Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764) ...... 87Calidris alpina (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Dunlin Calidris alpina sakhalina (Vieillot, 1816) 88Calidris bairdii (Coues, 1861) ...... Baird's Sandpiper 89Calidris minuta (Leisler, 1812) ...... Little Stint 90Calidris fuscicollis (Vieillot, 1819) ...... White-rumped Sandpiper 91Calidris subruficollis (Vieillot, 1819) ...... Buff-breasted Sandpiper 92Calidris melanotos (Vieillot, 1819) ...... Pectoral Sandpiper 93Limnodromus semipalmatus (Blyth, 1848) ...... Asian Dowitcher 94Gallinago hardwickii (J.E. Gray, 1831) ...... Latham's Snipe 95Gallinago stenura (Bonaparte, 1830) ...... Pin-tailed Snipe Gallinago megala Swinhoe, 1861 ...... Swinhoe's Snipe 96Phalaropus lobatus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Red-necked Phalarope 97Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Red Phalarope 98Tringa cinerea (Güldenstädt, 1775) ...... Terek Sandpiper 99Tringa hypoleucos Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Common Sandpiper 100Tringa brevipes (Vieillot, 1816) ...... Grey-tailed Tattler 101Tringa totanus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Common Redshank 102Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein, 1803) ...... Marsh Sandpiper 103Tringa glareola Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Wood Sandpiper 104Tringa erythropus (Pallas, 1764) ...... Spotted Redshank 105Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus, 1767) ...... Common Greenshank 106Tringa guttifer (Nordmann, 1835) ...... Nordmann's Greenshank Family GLAREOLIDAE Pratincoles Stiltia isabella (Vieillot, 1816) ...... Australian Pratincole 107Glareola pratincola (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Collared Pratincole 108Glareola maldivarum J.R. Forster, 1795 ...... Oriental Pratincole

86 Non-breeding migrant. 87 Port Hedland Saltworks 1977. 88 Non-breeding migrant. 89 Broome 2009. 90 Forrestdale Lake 1981. 91 Moved from monotypic Tryngites to Calidris. Eyre 1982. 92 Non-breeding migrant. 93 Non-breeding migrant. 94 Non-breeding migrant. 95 Non-breeding migrant. 96 Non-breeding migrant. 97 Greenough River 2012. 98 Sometimes placed in the genus Xenus. Tringa terek is a . Non-breeding migrant. 99 Sometimes placed in the genus Actitis. Non-breeding migrant. 100 Non-breeding migrant. 101 Subspecific identity of birds visiting Western Australia unknown. 102 Non-breeding migrant. 103 Non-breeding migrant. 104 Lake Eda 2006. 105 Non-breeding migrant. 106 Eighty Mile Beach 2006 and 2009. 107 One photographed at Herdsman Lake, February 2019. Most likely nominate subspecies. 108 Non-breeding migrant. .. 9 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family LARIDAE and Anous stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Common Noddy (Brown Noddy) Anous stolidus pileatus (Scopoli, 1786) Anous tenuirostris (Temminck, 1823) ...... Lesser Noddy 109Anous tenuirostris melanops Gould, 1846 ...... Australian Lesser Noddy Anous minutus Boie, 1844 ...... Black Noddy Anous minutus minutus Boie, 1844 110Gygis alba (Sparrman, 1786) ...... White (White Noddy) 111Larus sabini Sabine, 1819 ...... Sabine's 112Larus novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826 ...... Larus novaehollandiae novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826 Larus ridibundus Linnaeus, 1766 ...... Black-headed Gull 113Larus ridibundus sibiricus Buturlin, 1911 114Larus atricilla Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Laughing Gull 115Larus atricilla [megalopterus] Bruch, 1855 116Larus pipixcan Wagler, 1831 ...... Franklin's Gull Larus pacificus Latham, 1802 ...... Larus pacificus georgii King, 1826 Larus crassirostris Vieillot, 1818 ...... Black-tailed Gull Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 ...... Gull Larus dominicanus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Lesser Black-backed Gull (Baltic Gull) Larus fuscus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758 117Sterna nilotica Gmelin, 1789 ...... Gull-billed Tern Sterna nilotica [nilotica] Gmelin, 1790 Sterna nilotica affinis Horsfield, 1821 ...... Asian Gull-billed Tern 118Sterna macrotarsa Gould, 1837 ...... Australian Gull-billed Tern 119Sterna caspia Pallas, 1770 ...... Caspian Tern 120Sterna bergii Lichtenstein, 1823 ...... Crested Tern (Greater Crested Tern) 121Sterna bergii cristata Stephens, 1826 122Sterna bengalensis Lesson, 1831 ...... Lesser Crested Tern 123Sterna albifrons (Pallas, 1764) ...... White-shafted Little Tern (Little Tern) Sterna albifrons sinensis Gmelin, 1789

109 Newly established population on Ashmore Reef not ascribed to subspecies. 110 Probably referable to G. a. candida. 111 Eighty Mile Beach 2004. Sometimes placed in the genus Xema. 112 Sometimes placed in the genus Chroicocephalus. All Australian forms treated as single ssp. (Johnstone 1982, Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 10: 133–165). 113 Broome 1999. Sometimes placed in the genus Chroicocephalus. 114 Eyre 1988-89. Sometimes placed in the genus Leucophaeus. 115 Eyre 1988-89; ssp. not determined. 116 Sometimes placed in the genus Leucophaeus. 117 Sometimes placed in the genus Gelochelidon. 118 Previously treated as conspecific with S. nilotica but differs in morphology and life-history differences. 119 Sometimes placed in the genus Hydroprogne. 120 Sometimes placed in the genus Thalasseus. 121 Only one ssp. S. b. cristata recognised for mainland Australia. 122 Sometimes placed in the genus Thalasseus. 123 Sometimes placed in the genus Sternula. .. 10 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell 124Sterna nereis (Gould, 1843) ...... Fairy Tern 125Sterna nereis nereis (Gould, 1843) 126Sterna anaethetus Scopoli, 1786 ...... Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus anaethetus Scopoli, 1786 127Sterna fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 ...... Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata nubilosa Sparrman, 1788 Sterna dougallii Montagu, 1813 ...... Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii bangsi Mathews, 1912 Sterna dougallii gracilis Gould, 1845 Sterna striata Gmelin, 1789 ...... White-fronted Tern 128Sterna sumatrana Raffles, 1822 ...... Black-naped Tern 129Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758 ...... 130Sterna hirundo hirundo Linnaeus, 1758 131Sterna hirundo [minussensis] Sushkin, 1925 132Sterna hirundo longipennis Nordmann, 1835 133Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 1763 ...... Arctic Tern 134Sterna vittata Gmelin, 1789 ...... Antarctic Tern 135Sterna hybrida Pallas, 1811 ...... Whiskered Tern Sterna hybrida javanica Horsfield, 1821 136Sterna leucoptera Temminck, 1815 ...... White-winged Black Tern Family STERCORARIIDAE 137Stercorarius maccormicki Saunders, 1893 ...... South Polar Stercorarius antarcticus (Lesson, 1831) ...... Brown Skua Stercorarius antarcticus lonnbergi (Mathews, 1912) Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck, 1815) ...... Pomarine Skua () Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Arctic Skua (Parasitic Jaeger) Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot, 1819 ...... Long-tailed Skua (Long-tailed Jaeger)

Order PHAETHONTIFORMES Family PHAETHONTIDAE Phaethon aethereus Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Red-billed 138Phaethon aethereus indicus Hume, 1876 139Phaethon rubricauda Boddaert, 1783 ...... Red-tailed Tropicbird 140Phaethon lepturus Daudin, 1802 ...... White-tailed Tropicbird

124 Sometimes placed in the genus Sternula. 125 Only nominate nereis recognised for mainland Australia. 126 Sometimes placed in the genus Onychoprion. 127 Sometimes placed in the genus Onychoprion. 128 Non-breeding migrant. 129 Non-breeding migrant. 130 Non-breeding migrant. 131 Some sight records probably refer to this subspecies. 132 Non-breeding migrant. 133 Non-breeding migrant. 134 Subspecies unknown. 135 Sometimes placed in the genus Chlidonias. 136 Sometimes placed in the genus Chlidonias. 137 Sometimes placed in the genus Catharacta. 138 Ashmore Reef 2014. 139 Treated as monotypic with no subspecies recognised. 140 Christmas Is. P. l. fulvus is not accepted as a ssp. due to the complete gradation between the two colour morphs. .. 11 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Order SPHENISCIFORMES Family SPHENISCIDAE Aptenodytes patagonicus Miller, 1778 ...... King Eudyptes pachyrhynchus G.R. Gray, 1845 ...... Fiordland Penguin Eudyptes robustus Oliver, 1953 ...... Snares Penguin Eudyptes sclateri Buller, 1888 ...... Erect-crested Penguin Eudyptes chrysocome (Forster, 1781) ...... Southern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes chrysocome filholi Hutton, 1879 ...... Eastern Rockhopper Penguin 141Eudyptes moseleyi Mathews and Iredale, 1921 ...... Northern Rockhopper Penguin 142Eudyptes schlegeli Finsch, 1876 ...... Royal Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus (von Brandt, 1837) ...... Macaroni Penguin Eudyptula minor (Forster, 1781) ...... Little Penguin Eudyptula minor novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826)

Order Family OCEANITIDAE Austral Storm Petrels Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820) ...... Wilson's Storm Petrel Oceanites oceanicus oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820) 143Garrodia nereis (Gould, 1841) ...... Grey-backed Storm Petrel 144Pelagodroma marina (Latham, 1790) ...... White-faced Storm Petrel Pelagodroma marina dulciae Mathews, 1912 145Fregetta tropica (Gould, 1844) ...... Black-bellied Storm Petrel Fregetta tropica tropica (Gould, 1844) Family DIOMEDEIDAE Diomedea exulans Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Wandering Diomedea exulans exulans Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Snowy Albatross 146Diomedea exulans gibsoni C.J.R. Robertson and Warham, 1992 ...... Gibson's Albatross 147Diomedea exulans dabbenena Mathews, 1929 ...... Tristan Albatross 148Diomedea amsterdamensis Roux, Jouventin, Mougin, Stahl and Weimerskirch, 1983 . Amsterdam Albatross 149Diomedea epomophora Lesson, 1825 ...... Southern Royal Albatross 150Diomedea sanfordi Murphy, 1917 ...... Northern Royal Albatross Phoebetria fusca (Hilsenberg, 1822) ...... Sooty Albatross Phoebetria palpebrata (J.R. Forster, 1785) ...... Light-mantled Sooty Albatross 151Thalassarche melanophris (Temminck, 1828) ...... Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris melanophris (Temminck, 1828) 152Thalassarche melanophris impavida Mathews, 1912 ...... Campbell Island Albatross

141 Sometimes treated as a ssp. of E. chrysocome. 142 Sometimes treated as a ssp. of E. chrysolophus. 143 Sometimes placed in the genus Oceanites. 144 Sometimes placed in the genus Oceanites. 145 Sometimes placed in the genus Oceanites. 146 Sometimes treated as a full species or as a ssp. of Antipodean Albatross D. antipodensis. 147 Retained as a subspecies of D. exulans pending further clarification. Tracking of birds from breeding islands shows that this subspecies occurs in Western Australian seas, however, no positive records. 148 Sometimes treated as a subspecies. Tracking of birds from breeding islands shows that this species occurs in Western Australian seas, however, no positive records. 149 Sometimes treated as conspecific with D. sanfordi. 150 Sometimes treated as conspecific with D. epomophora. Tracking of birds from breeding islands shows that this species occurs in Western Australian seas, however, no positive records. 151 Formerly in Diomedea. 152 Interbreeds with nominate form on Campbell Island. Sometimes treated as a full species T. impavida. .. 12 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell 153Thalassarche cauta (Gould, 1841) ...... Thalassarche cauta cauta (Gould, 1841) Thalassarche cauta steadi Falla, 1933 ...... White-capped Albatross 154Thalassarche salvini (Rothschild, 1893) ...... Salvin's Albatross 155Thalassarche chrysostoma (J.R. Forster, 1785) ...... Grey-headed Albatross 156Thalassarche chlororhynchos (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche chlororhynchos chlororhynchos (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross 157Thalassarche chlororhynchos carteri (Rothschild, 1903) ...... Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche bulleri (Rothschild, 1893) ...... Buller’s Albatross Thalassarche bulleri bulleri (Rothschild, 1893) Family HYDROBATIDAE Northern Storm Petrels 158Oceanodroma monorhis (Swinhoe, 1867) ...... Swinhoe's Storm Petrel 159Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Leach's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa leucorhoa (Vieillot, 1818) 160Oceanodroma matsudariae Kuroda, Nagamichi, 1922 ...... Matsudaira's Storm Petrel Family Petrels and shearwaters Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Macronectes halli Mathews, 1912 ...... Northern Giant Petrel Fulmarus glacialoides (A. Smith, 1840) ...... Southern Fulmar Thalassoica antarctica (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Antarctic Petrel 161Daption capense (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Cape Petrel Daption capense capense (Linnaeus, 1758) Halobaena caerulea (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Blue Petrel Pachyptila vittata (G. Forster, 1777) ...... Broad-billed Prion Pachyptila salvini (Mathews, 1912) ...... Salvin's Prion Pachyptila salvini salvini (Mathews, 1912) Pachyptila salvini macgillivrayi (Mathews, 1912) ...... Amsterdam Prion Pachyptila desolata (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Antarctic Prion Pachyptila belcheri (Mathews, 1912) ...... Slender-billed Prion Pachyptila turtur (Kuhl, 1820) ...... Fairy Prion Pachyptila turtur turtur (Kuhl, 1820) 162 Aphrodroma brevirostris (Lesson, 1831) ...... Kerguelen Petrel Pterodroma macroptera (Smith, 1840) ...... Great-winged Petrel Pterodroma macroptera macroptera (Smith, 1840) 163Pterodroma macroptera gouldi (Hutton, 1869) ...... Grey-faced Petrel Pterodroma lessonii (Garnot, 1826) ...... White-headed Petrel Pterodroma mollis (Gould, 1844) ...... Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma neglecta (Schlegel, 1863) ...... Kermadec Petrel Pterodroma heraldica (Salvin, 1888) ...... Herald Petrel

153 Formerly in Diomedea. 154 Sometimes treated as a subspecies of T. cauta. 155 Formerly in Diomedea. 156 Formerly in Diomedea. 157 Sometimes treated as a full species T. carteri. 158 Sometimes treated as conspecific with O. leucorhoa. 159 Sometimes placed in the genus Hydrobates. 160 Mostly listed as O. matsudairae, but Nagamichi Kuroda latinised Y. Matsudaira's Japanese name as matsudariæ and this has not been validly emended. 161 Based on photos, individuals of breeding population D. c. australe possibly also occur in West Aust. 162 Sometimes placed in the genus Pterodroma. 163 Sometimes treated as a full species P. gouldi. .. 13 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell 164Pterodroma arminjoniana (Giglioli & Salvadori, 1868) ...... Trindade Petrel Pterodroma baraui (Jouanin, 1964) ...... Barau's Petrel Pterodroma cervicalis (Salvin, 1891) ...... White-necked Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera (Gould, 1844) ...... Gould's Petrel 165Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera (Gould, 1844) 166Pterodroma cookii (Gray, GR, 1843) ...... Cook’s Petrel 167Pseudobulweria aterrima (Bonaparte, 1857) ...... Macscarene Petrel 168Pseudobulweria rostrata (Peale, 1848) ...... Tahiti Petrel Procellaria cinerea Gmelin, 1789 ...... Grey Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus, 1758 ...... White-chinned Petrel Calonectris leucomelas (Temminck, 1835) ...... Streaked Shearwater 169Calonectris borealis (Cory, 1881) ...... Cory’s Shearwater 170Ardenna pacifica (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Wedge-tailed Shearwater 171Ardenna grisea (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Sooty Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris (Temminck, 1836) ...... Short-tailed Shearwater 172Ardenna carneipes (Gould, 1844) ...... Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna gravis (O'Reilly, 1818) ...... Great Shearwater 173Puffinus puffinus (Brünnich, 1764) ...... Manx Shearwater Puffinus gavia (J.R. Forster, 1844) ...... Fluttering Shearwater Puffinus huttoni Mathews, 1912 ...... Hutton's Shearwater 174Puffinus persicus Hume, 1872 ...... Persian Shearwater 175Puffinus heinrothi Reichenow, 1919 ...... Heinroth's Shearwater Puffinus assimilis Gould, 1838 ...... Little Shearwater Puffinus assimilis tunneyi Mathews, 1912 176Pelecanoides urinatrix (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Common Diving Petrel Pelecanoides urinatrix exsul Salvin, 1896 Bulweria bulwerii (Jardine and Selby, 1828) ...... Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria fallax Jouanin, 1955 ...... Jouanin's Petrel

Order CICONIIFORMES Family CICONIIDAE Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus (Latham, 1790) ...... Black-necked Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus australis (Shaw, 1800)

Order Family FREGATIDAE Fregata andrewsi Mathews, 1914 ...... Christmas Island Fregata minor (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Greater Frigatebird Fregata ariel (G.R. Gray, 1845) ...... Fregata ariel ariel (G.R. Gray, 1845)

164 One photographed on Ashmore Reef, March 2019. 165 Beach-washed bird found at Eyre 1990. 166 One photographed at Bremer Bay, February 2018. 167 No positive records for WA, but tracking shows some birds spend non-breeding season off Broome. 168 Most probably the nominate ssp. rostrata. Sometimes placed in the genus Pterodroma. 169 Off Cape Naturaliste and Bremer Bay. 170 Sometimes placed in the genus Puffinus. 171 Off Albany 2004. 172 Previously placed in the genus Puffinus. 173 One photgraphed on Continental Shelf, west of Perth, July 2020. 174 Refer A. Pittie (Indian Birds Vol. 2. 2006) for confirmation of publication date. Region of origin of ssp. visiting Western Australia unresolved. 175 Timor Sea 2014. Photographs only. 176 Formerly in family Pelecanoididae. .. 14 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family and 177Morus capensis (Lichtenstein, 1823) ...... Cape Morus serrator (G.R. Gray, 1843) ...... Papasula abbotti (Ridgway, 1893) ...... Abbott's Sula dactylatra Lesson, 1831 ...... Sula dactylatra personata Gould, 1846 Sula sula (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Red-footed Booby Sula leucogaster (Boddaert, 1783) ...... Sula leucogaster plotus (J.R. Forster, 1844) Family ANHINGIDAE 178Anhinga novaehollandiae (Gould, 1847) ...... Australasian novaehollandiae novaehollandiae (Gould, 1847) Family PHALACROCORACIDAE 179Phalacrocorax melanoleucos (Vieillot, 1817) ...... Little Pied melanoleucos melanoleucos (Vieillot, 1817) Phalacrocorax fuscescens (Vieillot, 1817) ...... Black-faced Cormorant Phalacrocorax varius (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Pied Cormorant (Australian Pied Cormorant) Phalacrocorax varius hypoleucos (von Brandt, 1837) Phalacrocorax sulcirostris (von Brandt, 1837) ...... Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Phalacrocorax carbo novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826 180Phalacrocorax verrucosus (Cabanis, 1875) ...... Kerguelen Cormorant ()

Order Family THRESKIORNITHIDAE Ibises and spoonbills 181Threskiornis molucca (Cuvier, 1829) ...... Threskiornis spinicollis (Jameson, 1835) ...... Straw-necked Ibis Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Glossy Ibis 182Platalea regia Gould, 1838 ...... Royal Spoonbill Platalea flavipes Gould, 1838 ...... Yellow-billed Spoonbill Family ARDEIDAE and bitterns Botaurus poiciloptilus (Wagler, 1827) ...... Australasian Bittern Ixobrychus minutus (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Little Bittern 183Ixobrychus dubius Mathews, 1912 ...... Australian Little Bittern (Black-backed Bittern) 184Ixobrychus sinensis (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Yellow Bittern (Chinese Little Bittern) 185Ixobrychus flavicollis (Latham, 1790) ...... Black Bittern Ixobrychus flavicollis australis (Lesson, 1831) Nycticorax nycticorax (Linneaus, 1758) ...... Black-crowned Night 186Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax (Linneaus, 1758) Nycticorax caledonicus (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Nankeen Night Heron (Rufous Night Heron) 187Nycticorax caledonicus australasiae (Vieillot, 1823)

177 Morus capensis and Morus serrator sometimes treated as conspecific with (Morus bassana) or alternatively all three treated as a superspecies and sometimes partitioned off in the genus Sula. 178 Previously treated as a ssp. of A. melanogaster. 179 Sometimes placed in the genus Microcarbo. 180 1986. Sometimes placed in the genus Leucocarbo. 181 Sometimes treated as a ssp. of the Sacred Ibis T. aethiopicus. 182 Forming a superspecies with Eurasian Spoonbill P. leucorodia of Europe, Asia and . 183 Sometimes treated as a subspecies of Ixobrychus minutus, but probably more closely related to I. sinensis. 184 Kalgoorlie 1967. 185 Sometimes placed in the genus Dupetor. 186 Cocos Islands 1941, Ashmore Reef 1994. 187 Formerly N. c. hilli. .. 15 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Butorides striata (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Striated Heron ( Heron) 188Butorides striata stagnatilis (Gould, 1848) 189Ardeola speciosa (Horsfield, 1821) ...... Javan Pond Heron 190Ardea ibis Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Cattle 191Ardea ibis coromanda (Boddaert, 1783) 192Ardea cinerea Linneaus, 1758 ...... Grey Heron pacifica Latham, 1802 ...... White-necked Heron Ardea sumatrana Raffles, 1822 ...... Great-billed Heron 193Ardea purpurea Linnaeus, 1766 ...... Purple Heron 194Ardea modesta J.E. Gray, 1831 ...... Eastern Great Egret 195Ardea intermedia Wagler, 1829 ...... Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia intermedia Wagler, 1829 196Ardea intermedia plumifera Gould, 1848 197Egretta picata (Gould, 1845) ...... Pied Heron 198Egretta novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) ...... White-faced Heron 199Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Little Egret 200Egretta garzetta immaculata (Gould, 1846) 201Egretta sacra (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Eastern Reef Heron (Pacific Reef Heron) sacra sacra (Gmelin, 1789) Family PELECANIDAE Pelecanus conspicillatus Temminck, 1824 ...... Australian

Order Family PANDIONIDAE haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Osprey 202Pandion haliaetus cristatus (Vieillot, 1816) ...... (Eastern Osprey)

Family , eagles, kites and harriers 203Elanus axillaris (Latham, 1802) ...... Black-shouldered Kite Elanus scriptus Gould, 1842 ...... Letter-winged Kite Pernis ptilorhynchus (Temminck, 1821) ...... Crested Honey-Buzzard 204Pernis ptilorhynchus orientalis Taczanowski, 1891 ...... Oriental Honey-Buzzard 205Hamirostra isura (Gould, 1838) ...... Square-tailed Kite Hamirostra melanosternon (Gould, 1841) ...... Black-breasted Buzzard

188 Only one ssp. B. s. stagnatilis recognised in Western Australia (Johnstone 1990). 189 No specimens extant; photographs only which indicate most probably the nominate ssp. 190 Sometimes placed in the genus Bubulcus. 191 Sometimes treated as a full species Eastern . 192 Busselton 2002. Most likely ssp. jouyi of eastern Asia. 193 Herdsman Lake 2013. Most likely ssp. manilensis of Asia. 194 Sometimes treated as a ssp. of Great Egret A. alba. 195 Sometimes placed in the genus Egretta. 196 Sometimes treated as a full species. 197 Sometimes placed in the genus Ardea. 198 Sometimes placed in the genus Ardea. 199 Sometimes placed in the genus Ardea. 200 Sometimes synonymised with E. g. nigripes. 201 Sometimes placed in the genus Ardea. 202 Sometimes treated as a full species P. cristatus (Eastern Osprey). 203 Sometimes treated as a subspecies of E. caerulens Black-winged Kite (Australian Kite). 204 Leinster, Joondalup. 205 Usually placed in monotypic genus Lophoictinia, but along with its single congener H. melanosternon comprise an old Australian group without close relatives. .. 16 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Aviceda subcristata (Gould, 1838) ...... Pacific Baza Aviceda subcristata subcristata (Gould, 1838) 206Hieraaetus morphnoides (Gould, 1841) ...... Little Eagle audax (Latham, 1802) ...... Wedge-tailed Eagle radiatus (Latham, 1802) ...... Red Goshawk 207Accipiter soloensis (Horsfield, 1821) ...... Chinese Sparrowhawk (Chinese Goshawk) 208Accipiter novaehollandiae (Gmelin, 1788) ...... Grey Goshawk Accipiter fasciatus (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Brown Goshawk Accipiter fasciatus fasciatus (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) Accipiter fasciatus didimus (Mathews, 1912) 209Accipiter gularis (Temminck and Schlegel, 1844) ...... Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter cirrocephalus (Vieillot, 1817) ...... Collared Sparrowhawk Accipiter cirrocephalus cirrocephalus (Vieillot, 1817) Circus approximans Peale, 1848 ...... Swamp Harrier Circus assimilis Jardine and Selby, 1828 ...... Spotted Harrier Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783) ...... Black Kite Milvus migrans affinis Gould, 1838 Haliastur sphenurus (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Haliastur indus (Boddaert, 1783) ...... Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus girrenera (Vieillot, 1822) Haliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin, 1788) ...... White-bellied Sea-Eagle

Order STRIGIFORMES Family TYTONIDAE Barn Tyto novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) ...... Australian Masked (Masked Owl) Tyto novaehollandiae novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli Mathews, 1912 Tyto javanica (Gmelin, 1788) ...... Eastern Barn Owl 210Tyto javanica delicatula (Gould, 1837) Tyto longimembris (Jerdon, 1839) ...... Eastern Grass Owl Family STRIGIDAE Typical owls 211Otus sunia (Hodgson, 1836) ...... Oriental Scops Owl rufa (Gould, 1846) ...... Rufous Owl Ninox rufa rufa (Gould, 1846) 212Ninox connivens (Latham, 1802) ...... Barking Owl Ninox connivens connivens (Latham, 1802) 213Ninox boobook (Latham, 1801) ...... Boobook Owl Ninox boobook boobook (Latham, 1801) ...... Southern Boobook Ninox japonica (Temminck and Schlegel, 1844) ...... Northern Boobook (Brown -Owl) Ninox japonica japonica (Temminck and Schlegel, 1844)

206 Sometimes placed in the genus Aquila. 207 Ashmore Reef 2013. 208 A. novaehollandiae is treated as a full species; the Variable Goshawk A. hiogaster is also treated as a full species. 209 Ashmore Reef 2011. 210 Sometimes treated as a full species T. delicatula. 211 Between Barrow I. and mainland 2013. Most likely ssp. stictonotus. 212 Most of this species variation in size and colouration is clinal and, as such, the recognition of addenda in the south- west and occidentalis in north Western Australia is not warranted. 213 Only one ssp. in Western Australia is recognised. N. b. ocellata is treated as a synonym of N. b. boobook. .. 17 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Order Family UPUPIDAE Hoopoe Upupa epops Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Eurasian Hoopoe 214Upupa epops [epops] Linnaeus, 1758

Order Family CORACIIDAE Rollers Eurystomus orientalis (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis pacificus (Latham, 1802) Family ALCEDINIDAE Kingfishers *Dacelo novaeguineae (Hermann, 1783) ...... *Dacelo novaeguineae novaeguineae (Hermann, 1783) Dacelo leachii Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 ...... Blue-winged Kookaburra Dacelo leachii leachii Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 215Halcyon pileata (Boddaert, 1783) ...... Black-capped Kingfisher 216Todiramphus macleayii (Jardine and Selby, 1830) ...... Forest Kingfisher Todiramphus chloris (Boddaert, 1783) ...... Collared Kingfisher 217Todiramphus chloris chloris (Boddaert, 1783) 218Todiramphus chloris sordidus (Gould, 1842) Todiramphus chloris pilbara (Johnstone, 1983) ...... Pilbara Collared Kingfisher Todiramphus sanctus (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Sacred Kingfisher Todiramphus sanctus sanctus (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) Todiramphus pyrrhopygius (Gould, 1841) ...... Red-backed Kingfisher 219Ceyx azureus (Latham, 1802) ...... Azure Kingfisher Ceyx azureus ruficollaris (Bankier, 1841) Family MEROPIDAE Bee-eaters Merops ornatus Latham, 1802 ...... Rainbow Bee-eater

Order Family Falcons and kestrels Falco cenchroides Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 ...... Australian Kestrel (Nankeen Kestrel) Falco cenchroides cenchroides Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 220Falco subbuteo Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Eurasian Hobby Falco longipennis Swainson, 1837 ...... Australian Hobby 221Falco longipennis longipennis Swainson, 1837 222Falco berigora Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 ...... Falco berigora berigora Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 Falco hypoleucos Gould, 1841 ...... Grey Falcon Falco subniger G.R. Gray, 1843 ...... Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771 ...... Peregrine Falcon 223Falco peregrinus [japonensis] Gmelin, 1788 Falco peregrinus macropus Swainson, 1837

214 Roebuck Plains 2011. No specimens available; ssp. not determined, but most likely nominate epops. 215 North Burracoppin 2005. 216 One record, a bird photographed on Jabiru Venture, Timor Sea, April 1990. 217 Ashmore Reef sight records probably refer to this subspecies. 218 Sometimes treated as a full species T. sordidus Torresian Kingfisher. 219 Sometimes placed in the genus Alcedo. 220 Scott Reef – Rowley Shoals 1997. South Lake 2016. Most likely the nominate subspecies. 221 Geographic variation in this continuously distributed species is slight and clinal; ssp. murchisonianus is not recognised. 222 This species is semi-nomadic with continuous distribution; the various colour forms can only be grouped in arbitary fashion and therefore only one ssp. recognised for Australia. 223 No specimens examined. .. 18 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Order PSITTACIFORMES Family CACATUIDAE Cockatoos Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792) ...... Cockatiel Calyptorhynchus banksii (Latham, 1790) ...... Red-tailed Black Cockatoo 224Calyptorhynchus banksii banksii (Latham, 1790) ...... Northern Red-tailed Black Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksii naso Gould, 1837 ...... Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoo 225Calyptorhynchus banksii escondidus Ewart, Joseph & Schodde, 2020 .... Inland Red-tailed Black Cockatoo 226Calyptorhynchus baudinii Lear, 1832 ...... Baudin's Cockatoo 227Calyptorhynchus latirostris Carnaby, 1948 ...... Carnaby's Cockatoo 228Cacatua roseicapilla Vieillot, 1817 ...... Galah Cacatua roseicapilla roseicapilla Vieillot, 1817 Cacatua roseicapilla albiceps (Schodde, 1989) 229Cacatua leadbeateri (Vigors, 1831) ...... Major Mitchell's Cockatoo *Cacatua tenuirostris (Kuhl, 1820) ...... Eastern Long-billed Corella Cacatua pastinator (Gould, 1841) ...... Western Long-billed Corella Cacatua pastinator pastinator (Gould, 1841) ...... Muir's Corella 230Cacatua pastinator butleri Ford, 1987 ...... Butler's Corella Cacatua sanguinea Gould, 1843 ...... Little Corella Cacatua sanguinea sanguinea Gould, 1843 Cacatua sanguinea westralensis (Mathews, 1917) ...... Western Little Corella Cacatua galerita (Latham, 1790) ...... Sulphur-crested Cockatoo 231*Cacatua galerita galerita (Latham, 1790) Cacatua galerita fitzroyi (Mathews, 1912)

224 C. b. banksii includes ssp. macrorhynchus as a junior synonym (Ewart et al. 2020). 225 Formerly regarded as the western form of C. b. samueli. 226 Contra White et al. 2011; Dickinson & Remsen 2013 and Birdlife Australia, Zanda is retained as a subgenus of Calyptorhynchus with the patronym Baudin’s Cockatoo. 227 Contra White et al. 2011; Dickinson & Remsen 2013 and Birdlife Australia, Zanda is retained as a subgenus of Calyptorhynchus with the patronym Carnaby’s Cockatoo. 228 Type locality for the Galah remains an enigma; described by Vieillot (1817) as Cacatua roseicapilla from a specimen collected during Baudin Expedition 1800–1803 labelled 'dans les Indes'. Mathews (1912) Novit. Zool. 18: determined this location to be New South , however Schodde (1988) Canberra Bird Notes 13:4 believed the type to be probably from Western Australia, Bay area. Recent evidence confirms that a specimen was collected by the Baudin Expedition in Shark Bay in August/September 1801, thus the nominate ssp. is now assigned to populations south of the Kimberley and ssp. albiceps for northern and eastern Australia; ssp. kuhli is not recognised. Sometimes placed in the genus Eolophus. 229 Sometimes placed in the genus Lophochroa. Subspecies taxonomic status requires confirmation. 230 The provenance and subspecific identitiy of the type specimen of Licmetis tenuirostris derbyi Mathews 1916, are in doubt (most probably an immature C. p. pastinator) and until resolved the most appropriate name for the mid Western Australian (wheatbelt) population is Cacatua pastinator butleri Ford 1987. 231 Small colonies established in southwest of Western Australia since 1955. .. 19 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family PSITTACIDAE 232Polytelis anthopeplus (Lear, 1831) ...... Regent Polytelis anthopeplus anthopeplus (Lear, 1831) Polytelis alexandrae Gould, 1863 ...... Princess Parrot 233Aprosmictus erythropterus (Gmelin, 1788) ...... Red-winged Parrot 234*Psittacula krameri (Scopoli, 1769) ...... Rose-ringed Parakeet (Indian Ringnecked Parrot) 235Platycercus narethae (H.L. White, 1921) ...... Naretha Blue Bonnet 236Platycercus varius (Clark, 1910) ...... 237Platycercus spurius (Kuhl, 1820) ...... Red-capped Parrot 238Platycercus venustus (Kuhl, 1820) ...... Northern Rosella Platycercus icterotis (Temminck and Kuhl, 1820) ...... Western Rosella Platycercus icterotis icterotis (Temminck and Kuhl, 1820) Platycercus icterotis xanthogenys Salvadori, 1891 239Platycercus zonarius (Shaw, 1805) ...... Australian Ringneck Platycercus zonarius zonarius (Shaw, 1805) ...... Port Lincoln Parrot 240Platycercus zonarius semitorquatus (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) ...... Twenty-eight Parrot Pezoporus wallicus (Kerr, 1792) ...... Ground Parrot 241Pezoporus wallicus flaviventris North, 1911 ...... Western Ground Parrot Pezoporus occidentalis (Gould, 1861) ...... Night Parrot 242Neophema bourkii (Gould, 1841) ...... Bourke's Parrot Neophema elegans (Gould, 1837) ...... Elegant Parrot Neophema petrophila (Gould, 1841) ...... Rock Parrot 243Neophema petrophila petrophila (Gould, 1841) Neophema splendida (Gould, 1841) ...... Scarlet-chested Parrot 244Parvipsitta porphyrocephala (Dietrichsen, 1837) ...... Purple-crowned Lorikeet 245Trichoglossus versicolor Lear, 1831 ...... Varied Lorikeet 246*Trichoglossus moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788) ...... Rainbow Lorikeet Trichoglossus rubritorquis Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 ...... Red-collared Lorikeet 247*Glossopsitta concinna (Shaw, 1791) ...... Musk Lorikeet Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw, 1805) ...... Budgerigar

232 The type locality for the Regent Parrot is uncertain and the type specimens appear to have been lost. The names Palaeornis anthopeplus Lear 1831 and P. melanura Lear 1932 were based on a female and male respectively, published on plates in his Illustrations of the Family Psittacidae, or Parrots 1830-1832, without description or source. Mathews (1912) presumed the type locality was and named Polytelis anthopeplus westralis from . Schodde 1993 (Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club 113: 44‒47) noted that Lear's plate matched best with the western form and designated a neotype from Bolgart, Western Australia and provided the name P. a. monarchoides for the eastern Australian populations. Mees 2004 (Zool. Med. Leiden 78(10) 27 viii 2004: 205‒208) on the other hand, argued that Schodde's action was invalid and that the type locality should remain as New South Wales. 233 Forming a superspecies with A. jonquillaceus of Wetar and Timor. 234 Aviary escapees. 235 Sometimes placed in the genus Northiella. 236 Sometimes placed in the genus Psephotellus. 237 The sole member of the subgenus Purpureicephalus. See Johnstone and Benken (2009) for hybridisation with P. zonarius. 238 Distribution is continuous between Western Australia and Northern Territory populations; variation is slight and clinal (across Joseph Bonaparte Gulf region) and thus inadequate for recognition of subspecies hilli. 239 The sole member of the subgenus Barnardius. 240 Known to occasionally hybridise with P. spurius on the Swan Coastal Plain. 241 Sometimes treated as a full species. 242 Sometimes placed in the genus Neopsephotus. 243 The ssp. zietzi from coastal is at best very weakly defined. 244 Formerly in Glossopsitta. See Schweizer et al. 2015. 245 Sometimes placed in the genus Psitteuteles. 246 Exotic species established in Perth area since 1968. 247 Introduced into Perth area in 1970s. .. 20 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Order PASSERIFORMES Family PITTIDAE Pittas 248Pitta moluccensis (P.L.S. Müller, 1776) ...... Blue-winged Pitta 249Pitta sordida (P.L.S. Müller, 1776) ...... Hooded Pitta 250Pitta sordida cucullata Hartlaub, 1843 251Pitta nympha Temminck and Schlegel, 1850 ...... Fairy Pitta 252Pitta elegans Temminck, 1836...... Elegant Pitta 253Pitta iris Gould, 1842 ...... Rainbow Pitta 254Pitta iris johnstoneiana Schodde and Mason, 1999 Family ATRICHORNITHIDAE Scrubbirds Atrichornis clamosus (Gould, 1844) ...... Noisy Scrubbird Family PTILONORHYNCHIDAE 255Ptilonorhynchus maculatus (Gould, 1837) ...... Spotted 256Ptilonorhynchus maculatus guttatus (Gould, 1862) ...... Western Bowerbird 257Ptilonorhynchus nuchalis Jardine and Selby, 1830 ...... Great Bowerbird Ptilonorhynchus nuchalis nuchalis Jardine and Selby, 1830 Family CLIMACTERIDAE Treecreepers Climacteris affinis Blyth, 1864 ...... White-browed Treecreeper Climacteris affinis superciliosus North, 1895 258Climacteris rufus Gould, 1841 ...... Rufous Treecreeper Climacteris melanurus Gould, 1843 ...... Black-tailed Treecreeper Climacteris melanurus melanurus Gould, 1843 Climacteris melanurus wellsi Ogilvie-Grant, 1909 Family MALURIDAE , fairywrens and emu- lamberti Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 ...... 259Malurus lamberti rogersi Mathews, 1912 ...... Lavender-flanked Fairywren 260Malurus lamberti assimilis North, 1901 261Malurus lamberti bernieri Ogilvie-Grant, 1909 ...... Shark Bay Variegated Fairywren Malurus pulcherrimus Gould, 1844 ...... Blue-breasted Fairywren Malurus elegans Gould, 1837 ...... Red-winged Fairywren Malurus splendens (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) ...... Malurus splendens splendens (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) 262Malurus splendens callainus Gould, 1867 ...... Turquoise Fairywren Malurus coronatus Gould, 1858 ...... Purple-crowned Fairywren Malurus coronatus coronatus Gould, 1858 Malurus melanocephalus (Latham, 1802) ...... Red-backed Fairywren Malurus melanocephalus cruentatus Gould, 1840

248 Non-breeding migrant. 249 Barrow Island 2010. 250 Barrow Island 2010. 251 Derby December 2007; one collected Broome February 2019. 252 Mutilated bird found aboard a vessel at Barrow I. January 2018. 253 Forming a superspecies with P. versicolor of eastern Australia and P. elegans of Indonesia. 254 Confined to west Kimberley. 255 Sometimes placed in the genus Chlamydera. 256 Sometimes treated as a full species P. guttatus. Subspecies P. guttatus carteri of North-west Cape is not recognised. 257 Sometimes placed in the genus Chlamydera. 258 Forming a superspecies with Brown Treecreeper C. picumnus of eastern Australia. 259 Intergrading with M. l. assimilis in southern and eastern Kimberley and Middle River drainage; intergradation is abrupt in western Kimberley and gradual in east Kimberley. 260 Tentatively retained as conspecific with M. l. lamberti in view of extensive zone of intergradation in SE contra McLean et al. 2012, 2017. 261 Confined to Bernier and Dorre Is. 262 Sometimes referred to as M. s. musgravi Mathews 1922. .. 21 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Malurus leucopterus Dumont, 1824 ...... White-winged Fairywren 263Malurus leucopterus leucopterus Dumont, 1824 ...... Dirk Hartog Island Black and White Fairywren 264Malurus leucopterus edouardi Campbell, 1901 ...... Barrow Island Black and White Fairywren Malurus leucopterus leuconotus Gould, 1865 Stipiturus malachurus (Shaw, 1798) ...... Southern Emu- Stipiturus malachurus westernensis Campbell, 1912 265Stipiturus malachurus hartogi Carter, 1916 ...... Dirk Hartog Island Emu-wren Stipiturus ruficeps Campbell, 1899 ...... Rufous-crowned Emu-wren 266Stipiturus ruficeps ruficeps Campbell, 1899 Amytornis housei (Milligan, 1902) ...... Black Amytornis striatus (Gould, 1840) ...... Amytornis striatus striatus (Gould, 1840) 267Amytornis striatus whitei Mathews, 1910 ...... Rufous Grasswren 268Amytornis textilis (Dumont, 1824) ...... Thick-billed Grasswren Amytornis textilis textilis (Dumont, 1824) ...... Amytornis purnelli (Mathews, 1914) ...... Family MELIPHAGIDAE and chats Acanthorhynchus superciliosus Gould, 1837 ...... Western Epthianura tricolor Gould, 1841 ...... Crimson Epthianura aurifrons Gould, 1838 ...... Orange Chat 269Epthianura crocea Castelnau and Ramsay, 1877 ...... Yellow Chat Epthianura albifrons (Jardine and Selby, 1828) ...... White-fronted Chat Conopophila rufogularis (Gould, 1843) ...... Rufous-throated 270Lacustroica whitei North, 1910 ...... Ramsayornis fasciatus (Gould, 1843) ...... Bar-breasted Honeyeater 271Gliciphila melanops (Latham, 1802) ...... Tawny-crowned Honeyeater Gliciphila melanops melanops (Latham, 1802) Certhionyx variegatus Lesson, 1830 ...... 272Sugomel niger (Gould, 1838) ...... Black Honeyeater obscura Gould, 1843 ...... Dusky Honeyeater (Dusky Myzomela) Myzomela obscura obscura Gould, 1843 273Myzomela erythrocephala Gould, 1840 ...... Red-headed Honeyeater (Red-headed Myzomela) Myzomela erythrocephala erythrocephala Gould, 1840 Philemon citreogularis (Gould, 1837) ...... Little Friarbird 274Philemon citreogularis citreogularis (Gould, 1837) Philemon argenticeps (Gould, 1840) ...... Silver-crowned Friarbird Philemon argenticeps argenticeps (Gould, 1840) Grantiella picta (Gould, 1838) ...... Painted Honeyeater

263 Confined to Dirk Hartog I. 264 Confined to Barrow I. 265 Confined to Dirk Hartog I. 266 Treated as conspecific with S. r. Campbell 1908. 267 Sometimes treated as a full species A. whitei. 268 South-western populations A. t. macrourus are extinct (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 269 No ssp. recognised (Ford and Parker 1974). 270 Sometimes placed in the genus Conopophila but retained here in monotypic Lacustroica based on morphology, behaviour, nest and . Also Marki et al. 2017 showed that it was very distinct genetically from Conopophila. 271 Sometimes placed in the genus Phylidonyris. 272 Following LeCroy (2011). 273 Forming a superspecies with M. dammermani, M. kuehni and possibly M. vulnerata, all of the Lesser Sundas. 274 Only one ssp. recognised for mainland Australia. Geographic variation in this continuously distributed species is clinal, with the nominate subspecies intergrading with sordidus over most of north Queensland. While some of the variation is undoubtedly geographic, it hardly amounts to subspeciation. .. 22 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell 275Phylidonyris novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) ...... New Holland Honeyeater Phylidonyris novaehollandiae longirostris (Gould, 1846) Phylidonyris niger (Bechstein, 1811) ...... White-cheeked Honeyeater Phylidonyris niger gouldii (Schlegel, 1872) 276Lichmera indistincta (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Lichmera indistincta indistincta (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) Cissomela pectoralis (Gould, 1841) ...... 277Melithreptus cyanotis (Latham, 1802) ...... Blue-faced Honeyeater cyanotis albipennis (Gould, 1840) Melithreptus gularis (Gould, 1837) ...... Black-chinned Honeyeater Melithreptus gularis laetior Gould, 1875 Melithreptus brevirostris (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Brown-headed Honeyeater Melithreptus brevirostris leucogenys Milligan, 1903 Melithreptus albogularis Gould, 1848 ...... White-throated Honeyeater Melithreptus albogularis albogularis Gould, 1848 278Melithreptus chloropsis Gould, 1848 ...... Western White-naped Honeyeater Stomiopera unicolor (Gould, 1843) ...... White-gaped Honeyeater 279Purnella albifrons (Gould, 1841) ...... White-fronted Honeyeater 280Lichenostomus leucotis (Latham, 1802) ...... White-eared Honeyeater leucotis novaenorciae (Milligan, 1904) ...... Western White-eared Honeyeater Lichenostomus cratitius (Gould, 1841) ...... Purple-gaped Honeyeater Lichenostomus cratitius occidentalis Cabanis, 1851 281Meliphaga fordiana Schodde, 1989 ...... Kimberley Honeyeater 282Gavicalis virescens (Vieillot, 1817) ...... Singing Honeyeater 283Gavicalis virescens virescens (Vieillot, 1817) Ptilotula flavescens (Gould, 1840) ...... Yellow-tinted Honeyeater Ptilotula flavescens flavescens (Gould, 1840) Ptilotula keartlandi (North, 1895) ...... Grey-headed Honeyeater 284Ptilotula plumula (Gould, 1841) ...... Grey-fronted Honeyeater Ptilotula ornata (Gould, 1838) ...... Yellow-plumed Honeyeater Ptilotula penicillata (Gould, 1837) ...... White-plumed Honeyeater 285Ptilotula penicillata carteri (A.J. Campbell, 1899) ...... Carter’s White-plumed Honeyeater 286Anthochaera lunulata Gould, 1838 ...... Western Little Wattlebird (Western Wattlebird) Anthochaera carunculata (Shaw, 1790) ...... Acanthagenys rufogularis Gould, 1838 ...... Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater 287Manorina flavigula (Gould, 1840) ...... Yellow-throated Miner

275 Comprising with the White-cheeked Honeyeater P. niger, the subgenus Meliornis. 276 Indonesian Honeyeater L. i. limbata treated as the Wallacean ssp. of the Brown Honeyeater. 277 Sometimes placed in genus Entomyzon, but retained here in Melithreptus based on morphology, behaviour and eggs. 278 Forming a superspecies with M. lunatus and M. affinis of eastern Australia (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 279 Previously placed in the genus Phylidonyris. 280 Sometimes placed in the genus Nesoptilotis. 281 Previously treated as a subspecies of Meliphaga albilineata. 282 Forming a superspecies with the Mangrove Honeyeater L. versicolor of eastern Australia and . 283 Only the nominate ssp. recognised in Western Australia with a broad cline between southern virescens and northern "forresti" forms. 284 Northern Australian populations sometimes treated as a separate ssp. "planasi". 285 The ssp. carteri is recognised for the isolated mid-western population, however, there is a number of other disjunct populations in WA (Johnstone and Storr 2004). Those in south-west Kimberley differ only slightly from northern carteri and the name "calconi" could be used for them, whereas north-eastern WA populations are merely the northern end of a north-south cline beginning in eastern Australia. 286 The eastern and western populations of Anthochaera chrysoptera (chrysoptera and lunulata respectively) were previously treated as conspecific. .. 23 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family DASYORNITHIDAE Bristlebirds Dasyornis longirostris Gould, 1841 ...... Western Bristlebird Dasyornis broadbenti (McCoy, 1867) ...... Rufous Bristlebird Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis (Milligan, 1902) Family PARDALOTIDAE Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw, 1792) ...... Spotted Pardalotus punctatus punctatus (Shaw, 1792) 288Pardalotus punctatus xanthopyge McCoy, 1866 ...... Yellow-rumped Pardalote Pardalotus rubricatus Gould, 1838 ...... Red-browed Pardalote Pardalotus rubricatus rubricatus Gould, 1838 289Pardalotus striatus (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Striated Pardalote Pardalotus striatus uropygialis Gould, 1840 290Pardalotus striatus murchisoni Mathews, 1912 291Pardalotus striatus westraliensis Mathews, 1912 Family , thornbills, scrubwrens and whitefaces 292Smicrornis brevirostris (Gould, 1838) ...... 293Calamanthus campestris (Gould, 1841) ...... 294Calamanthus cautus (Gould, 1843) ...... Shy Groundwren (Shy Heathwren) 295Calamanthus cautus whitlocki (Mathews, 1912) Pyrrholaemus brunneus Gould, 1841 ...... Sericornis frontalis (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... White-browed Scrubwren 296Sericornis frontalis maculatus Gould, 1847 ...... Spotted Scrubwren Sericornis frontalis balstoni Ogilvie-Grant, 1909 levigaster Gould, 1843 ...... Gerygone levigaster levigaster Gould, 1843 Gerygone fusca (Gould, 1838) ...... Western Gerygone Gerygone fusca fusca (Gould, 1838) 297Gerygone fusca mungi Mathews, 1912 ...... Desert Gerygone 298Gerygone tenebrosa (Hall, 1901) ...... Dusky Gerygone Gerygone magnirostris Gould, 1843 ...... Large-billed Gerygone Gerygone magnirostris magnirostris Gould, 1843

287 Schodde and Mason (1999) recognised three ssp. in WA. The gradation from dark southern M. f. "obscura" type birds to paler M. f. "wayensis" is a smooth cline and thus inadequate for recognition of subspecies (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 288 Tentatively treated as conspecific with P. punctatus based on evidence of hybridisation in southeast Australia (Schodde and Mason 1999), but little or no evidence of hybridisation in WA (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 289 For subspecies recognition see Johnstone and Storr 2004. 290 Subspecies murchisoni and westraliensis recognised (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 291 Subspecies westraliensis recognised for populations breeding in south-west of Western Australia (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 292 Not unexpectedly this sedentary bird undergoes some geographic variation throughout its immense range, but this hardly amounts to subspeciation. 293 Schodde and Mason (1999) separated the southwestern population as a distinct species, the Western Fieldwren. Its distribution is continuous in WA (Johnstone and Storr 2004) and there is a smooth cline in variation between the southern olive and northern rufous forms; furthermore, the calls are identical. Previously treated as a subspecies of Striated Fieldwren C. fuliginosus. 294 Previously and sometimes currently in the genus Hylacola. 295 Tentatively recognised, but taxonomic status requires confirmation. 296 Retained as conspecific with S. frontalis. White-bellied populations in south-east of WA sometimes treated as separate subspecies ‘S. f. mellori’, but there are no steps in this cline sufficiently abrupt to delimit subspecies. 297 Closely related to the Western Gerygone and possibly only a well-marked subspecies. 298 Variation in WA populations is clinal and thus inadequate for recognition of subspecies (Johnstone and Storr 2004). .. 24 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Gerygone chloronota Gould, 1843...... Green-backed Gerygone 299Gerygone chloronota chloronota Gould, 1843 Gerygone olivacea (Gould, 1838) ...... White-throated Gerygone Gerygone olivacea rogersi Mathews, 1911 300Acanthiza apicalis Gould, 1847 ...... (Broad-tailed Thornbill) 301Acanthiza apicalis apicalis Gould, 1847 Acanthiza uropygialis Gould, 1838 ...... Chestnut-rumped Thornbill Acanthiza inornata Gould, 1841 ...... Acanthiza iredalei Mathews, 1911 ...... Samphire Thornbill (Slender-billed Thornbill) Acanthiza iredalei iredalei Mathews, 1911 Acanthiza chrysorrhoa (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) ...... Yellow-rumped Thornbill 302Acanthiza chrysorrhoa chrysorrhoa (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) Acanthiza robustirostris Milligan, 1903 ...... Slaty-backed Thornbill 303Aphelocephala leucopsis (Gould, 1841) ...... leucopsis leucopsis (Gould, 1841) Aphelocephala leucopsis castaneiventris (Milligan, 1903) Aphelocephala nigricincta (North, 1895) ...... Banded Whiteface Family POMATOSTOMIDAE Australasian babblers Pomatostomus temporalis (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Grey-crowned Babbler Pomatostomus temporalis rubeculus (Gould, 1840) 304Pomatostomus superciliosus (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... White-browed Babbler Family Whipbirds and wedgebills 305Psophodes nigrogularis Gould, 1844 ...... Western Whipbird (Black-throated Whipbird) 306Psophodes nigrogularis nigrogularis Gould, 1844 occidentalis (Mathews, 1912) ...... Western Wedgebill () Family Quail-thrushes 307Cinclosoma clarum Morgan, 1926 ...... Western Chestnut Quail- (Copperback Quail-thrush) 308Cinclosoma alisteri Mathews, 1910 ...... Nullarbor Quail-thrush Cinclosoma marginatum Sharpe, 1883 ...... Western Quail-thrush Family Artamus leucorynchus (Linnaeus, 1771) ...... White-breasted Artamus leucorynchus leucopygialis Gould, 1842 Artamus personatus (Gould, 1841) ...... Masked Woodswallow Artamus superciliosus (Gould, 1837) ...... White-browed Woodswallow

299 Geographic variation in WA populations is clinal without steps and inadequate for recognition of subspecies (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 300 Forming a superspecies with the A. pusilla of and wetterparts of eastern Australia. 301 Only the nominate form recognised in Western Australia with a broad cline between southern nominate and northern "whitlocki" forms. 302 Only the nominate ssp. recognised in Western Australia. 303 Subspecies leucopsis and castaneiventris intergrade in a narrow zone through the Gibson Desert in Western Australia (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 304 A number of ssp. have been proposed for this species including "ashbyi" and "centralis" in Western Australia (Shodde and Mason 1999), but their descriptions are unconvincing, geographic variation is clinal and the distribution map is erroneous. 305 Treated as conspecific with . 306 P. n. oberon is not recognised (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 307 Formerly C. castanotum clarum. 308 Sometimes treated as conspecific with Cinnamon Quail-thrush C. cinnamomeum, but the two forms are best treated as allospecies. .. 25 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell 309Artamus cinereus Vieillot, 1817 ...... Black-faced Woodswallow Artamus cinereus melanops Gould, 1865 310Artamus cyanopterus (Latham, 1802) ...... 311Artamus minor Vieillot, 1817 ...... Little Woodswallow Family CRACTICIDAE , Australian magpies and 312Cracticus quoyi (Lesson and Garnot, 1827) ...... Black Cracticus quoyi spaldingi Masters, 1878 313Cracticus tibicen (Latham, 1802) ...... Cracticus tibicen tibicen (Latham, 1802) ...... Black-backed Magpie Cracticus tibicen dorsalis (Campbell, 1895) ...... White-backed Magpie Cracticus torquatus (Latham, 1802) ...... Grey Butcherbird Cracticus torquatus torquatus (Latham, 1802) 314Cracticus argenteus Gould, 1841 ...... Silver-backed Butcherbird 315Cracticus argenteus latens Ford, 1979 316Cracticus nigrogularis (Gould, 1837) ...... Strepera versicolor (Latham, 1802) ...... Grey Strepera versicolor plumbea Gould, 1846 Family CAMPEPHAGIDAE Cuckoo- and trillers Coracina maxima (Rüppell, 1839) ...... Ground Cuckoo- Coracina novaehollandiae (Gmelin, 1789) ...... Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike Coracina novaehollandiae subpallida Mathews, 1912 317Coracina novaehollandiae melanops (Latham, 1802) Coracina papuensis (Gmelin, 1788) ...... White-bellied Cuckoo-shrike Coracina papuensis hypoleuca (Gould, 1848) ...... White-breasted Cuckoo-shrike 318Coracina tenuirostris (Jardine, 1831) ...... Cicadabird (Common Cicadabird) Coracina tenuirostris melvillensis Mathews, 1912 319Lalage tricolor (Swainson, 1825) ...... White-winged Triller Lalage leucomela (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Varied Triller 320Lalage leucomela rufiventris (Gray, 1846)

309 There is little firm evidence that the type came from opposite the Archipelago of the Recherche in south-west Australia, but far more likely from Timor (Peters 1962 and contra Mees 1968; Schodde and Mason 1999). 310 The differences between eastern nominate "cyanopterus" and western "perthi" are extremely slight and insufficient to warrant recognition of subspecies. 311 Distribution in WA is disjunct with isolates in the Cape Range region and on islands, nevertheless no subspecies are recognised (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 312 Sometimes placed in monotypic genus Melloria. 313 Sometimes placed in the genus Gymnorhina, but included here in Cracticus; Gymnorhina is treated as a subgenus. Only two ssp. are recognised – C. t. tibicen of northern two-thirds of WA and C. t. dorsalis of south-western WA (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 314 Formerly treated as a ssp. of C. torquatus (see Schodde and Mason 1999 and Kearns et al. 2014). 315 Ford (1979 and 1987) treats Port Essington in the Northern Territory as the type locality of C. argenteus and thus C. a. latens Ford (1979) is used for the Kimberley population. 316 Although northern birds are much smaller than those from the far south, the distribution is virtually continuous, size changes clinally suggesting that the distribution of ssp. 'picatus' would be difficult to define and therefore not recognised. 317 The supposed differences between nominate novaehollandiae from Tasmania and mainland melanops require further confirmation as there appears to be considerable overlap in measurements. 318 Sometimes placed in the genus Edolisoma. 319 Forming a superspecies with L. sueurii of Indonesia. 320 The Kimberley population was described as a separate subspecies L. l. macrura by Schodde (1989) and although there is some overlap in length of wing and tail between Kimberley and Northern Territory populations, the two forms are separated by dry country at the head of Joseph Bonaparte Gulf and further work is needed to clarify its status. .. 26 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family NEOSITTIDAE Daphoenositta chrysoptera (Latham, 1802) ...... Varied Daphoenositta chrysoptera leucoptera (Gould, 1840) ...... Varied Sittella (White-winged Sittella) Daphoenositta chrysoptera pileata (Gould, 1838) ...... Varied Sittella (Black-capped Sittella) Family Australo-Papuan bellbirds 321Oreoica gutturalis (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Family FALCUNCULIDAE Shriketits Falcunculus frontatus (Latham, 1802) ...... 322Falcunculus frontatus whitei Campbell, 1910 ...... Northern Shriketit 323Falcunculus frontatus leucogaster Gould, 1838 Family Whistlers and 324Pachycephala inornata Gould, 1841 ...... Gilbert's Whistler 325Pachycephala occidentalis Ramsay, 1878 ...... Western Golden Whistler () melanura Gould, 1843 ...... 326Pachycephala melanura melanura Gould, 1843 Pachycephala melanura spinicaudus (Pucheran, 1853) 327Pachycephala rufiventris (Latham, 1802) ...... Pachycephala rufiventris rufiventris (Latham, 1802) 328Pachycephala lanioides Gould, 1840 ...... White-breasted Whistler Colluricincla megarhyncha (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) ...... Little () 329Colluricincla megarhyncha parvula Gould, 1845 Colluricincla harmonica (Latham, 1802) ...... Colluricincla harmonica brunnea Gould, 1841 330Colluricincla harmonica kolichisi Ford, 1987 Colluricincla harmonica rufiventris Gould, 1841 Colluricincla woodwardi Hartert, 1905 ...... Sandstone Shrikethrush Family LANIIDAE Shrikes 331Lanius tigrinus Drapiez, 1828 ...... Tiger Shrike cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Brown Shrike 332Lanius cristatus cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 333Lanius cristatus lucionensis Linnaeus, 1766

321 Variation is clinal towards north and interior of WA with birds becoming smaller and paler. Mayr (1953) and Schodde and Mason (1999) recognised a pale northern and central Australian "pallescens" which is merely the northern end of this north-south cline. The change from typical "gutturalis" birds to "pallescens" is so gradual that it is impossible to draw a line between the two subspecies. 322 Sometimes treated as a full species. 323 Sometimes treated as a full species. 324 Contra Schodde and Mason (1999), distribution is accurately mapped in Johnstone and Storr (2004). 325 Formerly P. pectoralis fuliginosa Golden Whistler (Joseph et al. 2014). 326 Nominate ssp. melanura ranges from Exmouth Gulf to Port Warrender and spinicaudus from Cambridge Gulf to Mackay, Queensland (including islands in Torres Strait). 327 The geographic variation of this continuously distributed species is clinal; the ssp. "falcata" of northern Australia is not recognised (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 328 Disjunct populations occur in WA, however, there is no concordance of characters used to separate these into ssp. "lanioides", "carnarvoni" and "fretorum". As such, no subspecies are recognised (Johnstone 1990). 329 Contra Schodde and Mason (1999), distribution is accurately mapped in Johnstone and Storr (2004). 330 Subspecies kolichisi Ford 1987 differs in being considerably smaller in all dimensions. 331 Fremantle wharf 1997. 332 Ashmore Reef. Photographs only. 333 Ashmore Reef. Photographs only. .. 27 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family ORIOLIDAE Orioles and Sphecotheres vieilloti Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 ...... Australasian Sphecotheres vieilloti ashbyi Mathews, 1912 ...... Yellow Figbird Oriolus sagittatus (Latham, 1802) ...... Olive-backed Oriole Oriolus sagittatus affinis Gould, 1848 Oriolus flavocinctus (King, 1826) ...... Yellow Oriole (Green Oriole) Oriolus flavocinctus flavocinctus (King, 1826) Family DICRURIDAE 334Dicrurus bracteatus Gould, 1843 ...... Spangled Dicrurus bracteatus bracteatus Gould, 1843 Family Typical 335Rhipidura leucophrys (Latham, 1802) ...... Rhipidura leucophrys leucophrys (Latham, 1802) Rhipidura rufiventris (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Northern Rhipidura rufiventris isura Gould, 1841 336Rhipidura albiscapa Gould, 1840 ...... Grey Fantail 337Rhipidura albiscapa alisteri Mathews, 1911 Rhipidura albiscapa preissi Cabanis, 1850 Rhipidura albiscapa albicauda North, 1895 ...... White-tailed Fantail 338Rhipidura phasiana De Vis, 1885 ...... Mangrove Grey Fantail (Mangrove Fantail) 339Rhipidura dryas Gould, 1843 ...... Wood Fantail (, ) Rhipidura dryas dryas Gould, 1843 Rhipidura dryas semicollaris Müller, 1843 Family MONARCHIDAE Monarch flycatchers cinerascens (Temminck, 1827) ...... Island Monarch Monarcha melanopsis (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Black-faced Monarch 340Grallina cyanoleuca (Latham, 1802) ...... Magpie-lark rubecula (Latham, 1802) ...... Leaden Flycatcher Myiagra rubecula concinna Gould, 1848 Myiagra ruficollis (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Broad-billed Flycatcher Myiagra ruficollis mimikae Ogilvie-Grant, 1911 Myiagra cyanoleuca (Vieillot, 1818) ...... Satin Flycatcher Myiagra alecto (Temminck, 1827) ...... Shining Flycatcher Myiagra alecto melvillensis (Mathews, 1912) Myiagra inquieta (Latham, 1802) ...... Restless Flycatcher Myiagra inquieta inquieta (Latham, 1802) 341Myiagra inquieta nana (Gould, 1870) ...... Paperbark Flycatcher

334 The recognition of northern ssp. "baileyi" on the grounds of its larger size is perplexing as measurements show it is smaller than nominate bracteatus, and there appears to be considerable overlap in size between northern and southern birds. 335 Only the nominate form R. l. leucophrys is recognised for mainland Australia (Mees 1961). 336 Previously treated as ssp. of the R. fuliginosa. Distribution of ssp. in WA mapped in Johnstone and Storr 2004. 337 Winter visitor. 338 Forming a superspecies with the Grey Fantail and possibly the White-tailed Fantail. 339 Most recently treated as a ssp. of the Rufous Fantail R. rufifrons. However, rufifrons and dryas do not intergrade in north Queensland and are treated here as allospecies in a view for their marked differences in habitat and morphology. Both R. dryas and R. rufifrons forming a superspecies with several east Indonesian species. 340 Distribution is continuous both north-south and east-west. No ssp. recognised in WA. 341 Sometimes treated as a full species, but retained here as ssp. (refer Andersen et al. 2015) .. 28 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family Crows, ravens, rooks, jays and allies 342Pica pica (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Eurasian Magpie Corvus splendens Vieillot, 1817 ...... House Crow Corvus orru Bonaparte, 1850 ...... Torresian Crow Corvus orru cecilae Mathews, 1912 ...... Western Crow Corvus bennetti North, 1901 ...... Little Crow Corvus coronoides Vigors and Horsfield, 1827 ...... Australian Raven Corvus coronoides perplexus Mathews, 1912 Family PETROICIDAE Australasian robins, scrub robins and flycatchers 343Eopsaltria georgiana (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) ...... White-breasted Robin australis (Shaw, 1790) ...... Yellow Robin 344Eopsaltria australis griseogularis Gould, 1838 ...... 345Melanodryas cucullata (Latham, 1802) ...... 346Peneothello pulverulenta (Bonaparte, 1850) ...... 347Poecilodryas cerviniventris (Gould, 1858) ...... Buff-sided Robin brunneopygia Gould, 1841 ...... Southern flavigaster Gould, 1843 ...... Lemon-breasted Flycatcher (Lemon-bellied Flyrobin) Microeca flavigaster flavigaster Gould, 1843 Microeca flavigaster tormenti Mathews, 1916 ...... Kimberley Flycatcher 348Microeca fascinans (Latham, 1802) ...... Microeca fascinans fascinans (Latham, 1802) Microeca fascinans assimilis Gould, 1841 349Petroica boodang (Lesson, 1838) ...... boodang campbelli Sharpe, 1898 ...... Campbell's Scarlet Robin Petroica goodenovii (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Red-capped Robin Family ALAUDIDAE Larks 350Mirafra javanica Horsfield, 1821 ...... Horsfield's Bush Lark Mirafra javanica horsfieldii Gould, 1847 Family PYCNONOTIDAE Bulbuls Pycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Red-whiskered Bulbul 351Pycnonotus jocosus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758)

342 No specimens examined; subspecies unknown. Probably ship-assisted. 343 Sometimes placed in the monotypic genus Quoyornis as Q. georgianus. 344 Sometimes treated as a full species E. griseogularis. Ford (1979) treated the western and eastern forms of the Yellow Robin as conspecific. The ssp. "rosinae" is not recognised as variation is clinal and it is impossible to draw a line between the two races. 345 No ssp. are recognised in Western Australia. Subspecies "picata" in the north i.e. Kimberley and "westralensis" in the south are merely the ends of a north-south cline in increasing size (Johnstone and Storr 2004). The Melville Island population (M. c. melvillensis) may be taxonomically distinguishable in which case the mainland population would be treated as the nominate form. 346 Previously placed in the genus Eopsaltria or Peneoenanthe. Only one subspecies recognised in Australia (Mees 1982; Ford 1983 and Johnstone 1990). 347 Sometimes treated as a ssp. of P. superciliosa. 348 The north-western Australian population in Kimberley, northern Northern Territory and western Queensland is sometimes treated as separate subspecies "pallida". 349 Australian populations now separated from Pacific populations P. multicolor as a separate species P. boodang (Shodde and Mason 1999). 350 In Western Australia intergradation of colour morphs is complete between one local variant and another (birds varying locally according to colour of soil substrate). All Australian populations are best treated as components of a single variable ssp. (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 351 Safety Bay 1993. .. 29 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family HIRUNDINIDAE and martins Cheramoeca leucosterna (Gould, 1841) ...... White-backed Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Barn Swallow 352Hirundo rustica gutturalis Scopoli, 1786 353Hirundo rustica tytleri Jerdon, 1864 354Hirundo tahitica Gmelin, 1789 ...... Pacific Swallow Hirundo neoxena Gould, 1842 ...... Welcome Swallow 355Hirundo neoxena [carteri] (Mathews, 1912) 356Cecropis daurica (Laxmann, 1769) ...... Red-rumped Swallow 357Cecropis daurica japonica (Temminck and Schlegel, 1845) 358Petrochelidon ariel (Gould, 1842) ...... Fairy Martin 359Petrochelidon nigricans (Vieillot, 1817) ...... Tree Martin Petrochelidon nigricans nigricans (Vieillot, 1817) Family CETTIIDAE Cettiid warblers 360Urosphena squameiceps (Swinhoe, 1863) ...... Asian Stubtail Family PHYLLOSCOPIDAE Leaf warblers 361Phylloscopus inornatus (Blyth, 1842) ...... Yellow-browed Warbler 362Phylloscopus trochilus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Willow Warbler 363Phylloscopus coronatus (Temminck and Schlegel, 1847) ...... Eastern Crowned Warbler 364Phylloscopus examinandus Stresemann, 1913 ...... Kamchatka Leaf Warbler 365Phylloscopus borealis (Blasius, JH, 1858) ...... Arctic Warbler Family ACROCEPHALIDAE Reed warblers 366Acrocephalus orientalis (Temminck and Schlegel, 1847) ...... Oriental Reed Warbler Acrocephalus australis (Gould, 1838) ...... Australian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus australis gouldi Dubois, 1901 Family Grass warblers and grassbirds 367Helopsaltes fasciolatus (Gray, 1861) ...... Gray's Grasshopper Warbler (Gray's Warbler) 368Helopsaltes certhiola (Pallas, 1811) ...... Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler 369Helopsaltes ochotensis (Middendorff, 1853) ...... Middendorff's Grasshopper Warbler 370Poodytes carteri (North, 1900) ......

352 Non-breeding migrant. 353 Non-breeding migrant. 354 No specimens available, but ssp. almost certainly javanica. 355 Tentatively recognised on measurements, but range is continuous between eastern and western populations in southern Australia and variation possibly clinal. 356 Non-breeding migrant. Sometimes placed in the genus Hirundo. 357 Sometimes placed in the genus Hirundo. 358 Sometimes placed in the genus Hirundo. 359 Sometimes placed in the genus Hirundo. Australian and Timor populations treated under the nominate form contra Gill and Donsker (2013, 2019). 360 Ashmore Reef 2012. Photographs only. 361 Ashmore Reef 2011. 362 Ashmore Reef 2013. No specimens, but most likely ssp. yakutensis of eastern . 363 Ashmore Reef 2012. Photographs only. 364 Ashmore Reef 2012. 365 Non-breeding migrant. 366 Ashmore Reef 2011. 367 Ashmore Reef 2013. 368 Ashmore Reef 2011. 369 No specimens and ssp. unresolved. 370 Sometimes placed in the genus Megalurus or Eremiomis. .. 30 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell gramineus (Gould, 1845) ...... 371Poodytes gramineus gramineus (Gould, 1845) 372Cincloramphus cruralis (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Brown 373Cincloramphus mathewsi Iredale, 1911 ...... timoriensis (Wallace, 1864) ...... Cincloramphus timoriensis alisteri (Mathews, 1912) Family CISTICOLIDAE and allies juncidis (Rafinesque, 1810) ...... 374Cisticola juncidis fuscicapilla Wallace, 1864 Cisticola exilis (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Golden-headed Cisticola 375Cisticola exilis lineocapilla Gould, 1847 Family ZOSTEROPIDAE White-eyes 376Zosterops citrinella Bonaparte, 1850 ...... Ashy-bellied White-eye 377Zosterops luteus Gould, 1843 ...... Yellow White-eye (Canary White-eye) Zosterops lateralis (Latham, 1802) ...... Grey-breasted White-eye (Silvereye) 378Zosterops lateralis chloronotus Gould, 1841 Family STURNIDAE Starlings Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766) ...... Common Myna 379Acridotheres tristis [tristis] (Linnaeus, 1766) 380Agropsar philippensis (Forster, 1781) ...... Chestnut-cheeked Starling Pastor roseus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Rosy Starling (Rose-coloured Starling) *Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 ...... *Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 Family TURDIDAE Thrushes 381Geokichla sibirica (Pallas, 1776) ...... Siberian Thrush *Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Common Blackbird (Eurasian Blackbird) *Turdus merula merula Linnaeus, 1758 382Turdus obscurus Gmelin, 1789 ...... Eyebrowed Thrush

371 Numerous disjunct populations in WA, ssp. "thomasi" of south Western Australia is not recognised (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 372 Sometimes placed in the genus Megalurus. 373 Sometimes placed in the genus Megalurus. 374 The few Kimberley specimens match fuscicapilla of the eastern Lesser Sundas. 375 Only one ssp. lineocapilla is recognised for Western Australia and the Northern Territory. 376 Ashmore Reef. No specimens, but ssp. most likely to be nominate. 377 Distribution in WA is disjunct, but variation largely clinal. No subspecies are recognised (Johnstone 1990 and Ford 1983). 378 Previously known as ssp. gouldi, but chloronotus has priority. 379 Possibly ship-assisted. 380 Ashmore Reef 2011. 381 Esperance 2011 and Ashmore Reef 2012. 382 Port Hedland 2014; Beverley Springs (Kimberley) January 2020. .. 31 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Family MUSCICAPIDAE Old World flycatchers 383Muscicapa griseisticta (Swinhoe, 1861) ...... Grey-streaked Flycatcher sibirica Gmelin, 1789 ...... Dark-sided Flycatcher 384Muscicapa sibirica [sibirica] Gmelin, 1789 Muscicapa dauurica Pallas, 1811 ...... Asian Brown Flycatcher 385Muscicapa dauurica [dauurica] Pallas, 1811 Cyanoptila cyanomelana (Temminck, 1829) ...... Blue and White Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana cyanomelana (Temminck, 1829) 386Larvivora cyane (Pallas, 1776) ...... Siberian Blue Robin Ficedula narcissina (Temminck, 1836) ...... Narcissus Flycatcher Ficedula narcissina narcissina (Temminck, 1836) Monticola solitarius (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius philippensis (Statius Müller, PL, 1776) Family DICAEIDAE Dicaeum hirundinaceum (Shaw, 1792) ...... Mistletoebird Dicaeum hirundinaceum hirundinaceum (Shaw, 1792) Family PASSERIDAE True (Old World) sparrows 387*Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... House Sparrow 388*Passer domesticus domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) *Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Eurasian Tree Sparrow Family Estrildid finches Heteromunia pectoralis (Gould, 1841) ...... Pictorella Mannikin Stagonopleura oculata (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830) ...... Red-eared Firetail Neochmia phaeton (Hombron and Jacquinot, 1841) ...... Crimson Finch Neochmia phaeton phaeton (Hombron and Jacquinot, 1841) 389*Neochmia temporalis (Latham, 1802) ...... Red-browed Finch *Neochmia temporalis temporalis (Latham, 1802) 390Neochmia ruficauda (Gould, 1837) ...... Star Finch Neochmia ruficauda clarescens (Hartert, 1899) Emblema pictum Gould, 1842 ...... Painted Finch 391Taeniopygia bichenovii (Vigors and Horsfield, 1827) ...... Double-barred Finch Taeniopygia bichenovii annulosa (Gould, 1840) Taeniopygia guttata (Vieillot, 1817) ...... Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata castanotis (Gould, 1837)

383 Ashmore Reef 2010. 384 No specimens examined, but most likely ssp. the nominate form. 385 Ashmore Reef 2005. No specimens examined, but most likely ssp. the nominate form. 386 Ashmore Reef 2012. Photographs only. 387 Mainly ship-assisted vagrants. 388 Mainly ship-assisted vagrants. 389 Established in northern Darling Range in 1950-60. 390 Sometimes separated into monotypic genus Bathilda. Western Australian, Northern Territory and Cape York populations treated as a single ssp. clarescens (Ford 1986). 391 Sometimes separated into the monotypic genus Stizoptera. .. 32 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell Poephila personata Gould, 1842 ...... Masked Finch Poephila personata personata Gould, 1842 392Poephila acuticauda (Gould, 1840) ...... Long-tailed Finch punctulata (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura pallida (Wallace, 1864) ...... Pale-headed Munia Lonchura flaviprymna (Gould, 1845) ...... Yellow-rumped Mannikin Lonchura castaneothorax (Gould, 1837) ...... Chestnut-breasted Mannikin Lonchura castaneothorax castaneothorax (Gould, 1837) 393Chloebia gouldiae (Gould, 1844) ...... Gouldian Finch Family MOTACILLIDAE Wagtails and pipits 394Motacilla flava Linnaeus, 1758 ...... Yellow Wagtail 395Motacilla flava plexa (Thayer and Bangs, 1914) 396Motacilla flava simillima Hartert, 1905 397Motacilla flava macronyx (Stresemann, 1920) 398Motacilla flava taivana (Swinhoe, 1863) ...... Green-headed Yellow Wagtail 399Motacilla cinerea Tunstall, 1771 ...... Grey Wagtail 400Motacilla cinerea cinerea Tunstall, 1771 Motacilla alba Linnaeus, 1758 ...... White Wagtail Motacilla alba ocularis Swinhoe, 1860 Motacilla alba lugens Gloger, 1829 Motacilla alba leucopsis Gould, 1838 401Anthus australis Vieillot, 1818 ...... Australian Pipit Anthus australis australis Vieillot, 1818 402Anthus gustavi Swinhoe, 1863 ...... Pechora Pipit Anthus cervinus (Pallas, 1811) ...... Red-throated Pipit Family FRINGILLIDAE True finches 403*Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus, 1758) ...... European Goldfinch *Carduelis carduelis [britannica] (Hartert, 1903)

392 Subspecies "hecki" of Northern Territory is doubtfuly distinct (Johnstone and Storr 2004). 393 Monotypic Chloebia is resurrected for Gouldian Finch which is deeply divergent from Erythrura (Olsson & Alström 2020). 394 Sometimes Yellow Wagtail treated as two taxa - Eastern and Western Yellow Wagtail, but retained here as a single species M. flava. 395 Non-breeding migrant. 396 Non-breeding migrant. M. f. simillima herein considered distinct from M. f. tschutschensis. 397 Non-breeding migrant. 398 Non-breeding migrant. 399 Non-breeding migrant. 400 M. c. robusta synonymised with M. c. cinerea. 401 Previously included in the superspecies Anthus novaeseelandiae (Gemlin 1789). All Australian mainland populations treated as A. a. australis. 402 No specimens examined, but the nominate form the most likely ssp. 403 Known only from aviary escapees. Some recent records of large flocks on Swan Coastal Plain indicate that at times escapees can establish colonies. .. 33 .. LIST OF ORDERS AND FAMILIES CASUARIIFORMES ...... 2 CASUARIIDAE Emu ...... 2 GALLIFORMES ...... 2 MEGAPODIIDAE Megapodes ...... 2 PHASIANIDAE Pheasants ...... 2 ANSERIFORMES...... 2 ANSERANATIDAE Magpie Goose ...... 2 ANATIDAE Ducks, geese and swans ...... 2 CAPRIMULGIFORMES ...... 3 PODARGIDAE Frogmouths ...... 3 CAPRIMULGIDAE Nightjars ...... 3 APODIFORMES ...... 3 AEGOTHELIDAE Owlet-nightjars ...... 3 APODIDAE Swifts ...... 3 OTIDIFORMES ...... 4 OTIDIDAE Bustards ...... 4 CUCULIFORMES ...... 4 CUCULIDAE Cuckoos ...... 4 COLUMBIFORMES ...... 4 COLUMBIDAE Pigeons and doves ...... 4 GRUIFORMES ...... 5 RALLIDAE Rails, crakes, waterhens and coots ...... 5 GRUIDAE Cranes ...... 6 PODICIPEDIFORMES...... 6 PODICIPEDIDAE Grebes ...... 6 CHARADRIIFORMES...... 6 TURNICIDAE Buttonquails ...... 6 BURHINIDAE Stone-curlews ...... 6 HAEMATOPODIDAE Oystercatchers ...... 6 RECURVIROSTRIDAE Stilts and avocets ...... 7 CHARADRIIDAE Plovers, dotterels and lapwings ...... 7 ROSTRATULIDAE Painted snipes ...... 7 JACANIDAE Jacanas ...... 8 SCOLOPACIDAE Sandpipers and snipes ...... 8 GLAREOLIDAE Pratincoles ...... 9 LARIDAE Gulls and terns ...... 10 STERCORARIIDAE Skuas ...... 11 PHAETHONTIFORMES ...... 11 PHAETHONTIDAE Tropicbirds ...... 11 SPHENISCIFORMES ...... 12 SPHENISCIDAE Penguins ...... 12 PROCELLARIIFORMES ...... 12 OCEANITIDAE Austral Storm Petrels ...... 12 DIOMEDEIDAE Albatrosses ...... 12 HYDROBATIDAE Northern Storm Petrels ...... 13 PROCELLARIIDAE Petrels and shearwaters ...... 13 CICONIIFORMES ...... 14 CICONIIDAE Storks ...... 14 SULIFORMES ...... 14 FREGATIDAE Frigatebirds ...... 14 SULIDAE Gannets and boobies ...... 15 ANHINGIDAE Darters ...... 15 PHALACROCORACIDAE Cormorants ...... 15 PELECANIFORMES ...... 15 THRESKIORNITHIDAE Ibises and spoonbills ...... 15 ARDEIDAE Herons and bitterns ...... 15 PELECANIDAE Pelicans ...... 16 ACCIPITRIFORMES ...... 16 PANDIONIDAE Osprey ...... 16 ACCIPITRIDAE Hawks, eagles, kites and harriers ...... 16 Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell STRIGIFORMES ...... 17 TYTONIDAE Barn owls ...... 17 STRIGIDAE Typical owls ...... 17 BUCEROTIFORMES ...... 18 UPUPIDAE Hoopoe ...... 18 CORACIIFORMES ...... 18 CORACIIDAE Rollers ...... 18 ALCEDINIDAE Kingfishers ...... 18 MEROPIDAE Bee-eaters...... 18 FALCONIFORMES ...... 18 FALCONIDAE Falcons and kestrels ...... 18 PSITTACIFORMES ...... 19 CACATUIDAE Cockatoos ...... 19 PSITTACIDAE Parrots ...... 20 PASSERIFORMES ...... 21 PITTIDAE Pittas ...... 21 ATRICHORNITHIDAE Scrubbirds ...... 21 PTILONORHYNCHIDAE Bowerbirds ...... 21 CLIMACTERIDAE Treecreepers...... 21 MALURIDAE Grasswrens, fairywrens and emu-wrens ...... 21 MELIPHAGIDAE Honeyeaters and chats ...... 22 DASYORNITHIDAE Bristlebirds ...... 24 PARDALOTIDAE Pardalotes ...... 24 ACANTHIZIDAE Gerygones, thornbills, scrubwrens and whitefaces ...... 24 POMATOSTOMIDAE Australasian babblers ...... 25 PSOPHODIDAE Whipbirds and wedgebills ...... 25 CINCLOSOMATIDAE Quail-thrushes ...... 25 ARTAMIDAE Woodswallows ...... 25 CRACTICIDAE Butcherbirds, Australian magpies and currawongs ...... 26 CAMPEPHAGIDAE Cuckoo-shrikes and trillers ...... 26 NEOSITTIDAE Sittellas ...... 27 OREOICIDAE Australo-Papuan bellbirds ...... 27 FALCUNCULIDAE Shriketits ...... 27 PACHYCEPHALIDAE Whistlers and shrikethrushes ...... 27 LANIIDAE Shrikes ...... 27 ORIOLIDAE Orioles and figbirds ...... 28 DICRURIDAE Drongos...... 28 RHIPIDURIDAE Typical fantails ...... 28 MONARCHIDAE Monarch flycatchers ...... 28 CORVIDAE Crows, ravens, rooks, jays and allies ...... 29 PETROICIDAE Australasian robins, scrub robins and flycatchers ...... 29 ALAUDIDAE Larks ...... 29 PYCNONOTIDAE Bulbuls ...... 29 HIRUNDINIDAE Swallows and martins ...... 30 CETTIIDAE Cettiid warblers ...... 30 PHYLLOSCOPIDAE Leaf warblers ...... 30 ACROCEPHALIDAE Reed warblers ...... 30 LOCUSTELLIDAE Grass warblers and grassbirds ...... 30 CISTICOLIDAE Cisticolas and allies ...... 31 ZOSTEROPIDAE White-eyes ...... 31 STURNIDAE Starlings ...... 31 TURDIDAE Thrushes ...... 31 MUSCICAPIDAE Old World flycatchers ...... 32 DICAEIDAE Mistletoebird ...... 32 PASSERIDAE True (Old World) sparrows ...... 32 ESTRILDIDAE Estrildid finches...... 32 MOTACILLIDAE Wagtails and pipits...... 33 FRINGILLIDAE True finches ...... 33

.. 35 .. Checklist of the Birds of Western Australia, October 2020 R.E. Johnstone and J.C. Darnell

INDEX OF ENGLISH FAMILY NAMES

Albatrosses, 12 Frogmouths, 3 Pratincoles, 9 Austral Storm Petrels, 12 Gannets, 15 , 2 Australasian babblers, 25 Geese, 2 Quail-thrushes, 25 Avocets, 7 Gerygones, 24 Rails, 5 Babblers, 25 Goose, Magpie, 2 Ravens, 29 Barn owls, 17 Grass warblers, 30 Reed warblers, 30 Bee-eaters, 18 Grassbirds, 30 Robins, Australasian, 29 Bellbirds, 27 Grasswrens, 21 Rollers, 18 Bitterns, 15 Grebes, 6 Rooks, 29 Boobies, 15 Gulls, 10 Sandpipers, 8 Bowerbirds, 21 Harriers, 16 Scrub robins, 29 Bristlebirds, 24 Hawks, 16 Scrubbirds, 21 Bulbuls, 29 Herons, 15 Scrubwrens, 24 Bustards, 4 Honeyeaters, 22 Shearwaters, 13 Butcherbirds, 26 Hoopoe, 18 Shrikes, 27 Buttonquails, 6 Ibises, 15 Shrikethrushes, 27 Buzzards, 16 Jacanas, 8 Shriketits, 27 Cettiid warblers, 30 Jays, 29 Sittellas, 27 Chats, 22 Kestrels, 18 Skuas, 11 Cisticolas, 31 Kingfishers, 18 Snipes, 8 Cockatoos, 19 Kites, 16 Sparrows, Old World, 32 Coots, 5 Lapwings, 7 Spoonbills, 15 Corellas, 19 Larks, 29 Starlings, 31 Cormorants, 15 Leaf warblers, 30 Stilts, 7 Crakes, 5 Magpie Goose, 2 Stone-curlews, 6 Cranes, 6 Magpies, Australian, 26 Storks, 14 Crows, 29 Martins, 30 Swallows, 30 Cuckoos, 4 Megapodes, 2 Swans, 2 Cuckoo-shrikes, 26 Mistletoebird, 32 Swifts, 3 Currawongs, 26 Monarch flycatchers, 28 Terns, 10 Darters, 15 Nightjars, 3 Thornbills, 24 Dotterels, 7 Northern Storm Petrels, 13 Thrushes, 31 Doves, 4 Orioles, 28 Treecreepers, 21 Drongos, 28 Osprey, 16 Trillers, 26 Ducks, 2 Owlet-nightjars, 3 Tropicbirds, 11 Eagles, 16 Owls, 17 Wagtails, 33 , 15 Oystercatchers, 6 Warblers Emu, 2 Painted snipes, 7 Cettiid, 30 Emu-wrens, 21 Pardalotes, 24 Grass, 30 Estrildid finches, 32 Parrots, 20 Leaf, 30 Fairywrens, 21 Pelicans, 16 Reed, 30 Falcons, 18 Penguins, 12 Waterhens, 5 Fantails, 28 Petrels Wedgebills, 25 Figbirds, 28 Austral Storm, 12 Whipbirds, 25 Finches Northern Storm, 13 Whistlers, 27 Estrildid, 32 Pheasants, 2 White-eyes, 31 True, 33 Pigeons, 4 Whitefaces, 24 Flycatchers, 29 Pipits, 33 Woodswallows, 25 Flycatchers, Old World, 32 Pittas, 21 Wrens, 21 Frigatebirds, 14 Plovers, 7

.. 36 ..