India/Pakistan - Tashkent Declaration (Renunciation Offeree in Restoring Items-In-Peace in Kashmir)

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Expanded Number S-0863-0004-16-00001

Title items-in-Peace-keeping operations - India/Pakistan - Tashkent Declaration (renunciation offeree in restoring Items-in-Peace in Kashmir)

Date Created 10/01/1966

Record Type Archival Item

Container S-0863-0004: Peace-Keeping Operations Files of the Secretary-General: U Thant: India/Pakistan

Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit TASHKENT DECLARATION

The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan, having met at Tashkent and having discussed the existing relations between India and Pakistan, hereby declare their firm resolve to restore normal and peaceful relations between their countries and to promote understanding and friendly relations between their peoples. They consider the attainment of these objective of vital importance for the welfare of the 600 million people of India and Pakistan. The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan agree that both sides will exert all efforts to create good neighbourly relations between India and Pakistan in accordance with the United Nations Charter. They reaffirm their obligation under the Charter not to have recourse to force and to settle the disputes through peaceful means. They considered that the interests of peace iv their region and particularly in the Indo-Pakistan Sub-Continent and, indeed, ti'. interests of. the peoples of India and Pakistan were not served by the continuan of tension between the two countries. It'was against this background that Jamrn and Kashmir was discussed, and wach of the sides set forth its respective position.

The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that all armed personnel of the two countries shall be withdrawn not later than 25 February 1966 to the positions they held prior to 5 August 1965, and both sides shall observe the cease-fire terms on the cease-fire line. The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that relations between India and Pakistan shall be based on the principi- ** • * "*"of non-interference in the internal affairs of each other. * '•.:•" The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that both sides will discourage any propaganda directed against the other country, and will encourage propaganda which promotes the development of friendly relations between the two countries.

The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that the High Commissioner of India to Pakistan and the High Commissio: of..Pakistan to India will return to their posts and that the normal functioning of diplomatic missions of both countries will be restored. Both Governments shall observe the Vienna Convention of 1961 on diplomatic intercourse. - 2 -

The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed to consider measures towards the restoration of economic and trade relations/ communications/ as well as cultural exchanges between India and Pakistan/ and to take measures to implement the existing agreements between India and Pakistan. The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that they give instructions to their respective authorities to carry out the repatriation of the prisoners of war. The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that the sides will continue the discussion of questions relating to the problems of refugees and evictions (illegal immigrations). They also agreed that both sides will create conditions which will prevent the exodus of people. They further agreed to discuss the return of the property and assets taken over by either side in connection with the conflict. The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that the sides will continue meetings both at the highest and at other levels on matters of direct concern to both countries. Both sides have recognized the need to set up joint Indian-Pakistani bodies which will report to their Governments in order to decide what further steps should be taken.

XXX

The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan record their feelings of deep appreciation and gratitude to the leaders of the Soviet Union/ the Soviet Government and personally to the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R. for their constructive/ friendly and^, noble part in bringing about the present meeting which has resulted*in mutually satisfactory results. They also express to the Government and friendly peopl e of Uzbekistan their sincere thankfulness for their overwhelming reception and generous hospitality. They invite the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R. to witness this Declaration.

Prime Minister of India President of Pakistan Lai Bahadur Shastri Mohammed Ayub Khan

Tashkent, 10 January 1966. 10 Jan.1966

HIS EXCELLENCY MOHAMMAD AYUB KHAN PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OP PAKISTAN

...•'' ',.-•?

I HAVE LEARBED WITH GREAT SATISFACTION OF TEE! MEASURES AGREED UPON AMD EMBODIED IN THE TASHKENT DECLARATION. I AM GRATIFIED BY THE CONCILIATORY SPIRIT AND DETERMINED EFFORTS APPLIED BY BOTH SIDES TO THE ATTAINMENT OF THESE POINTS OF AGREEMENT. I ATTACH SPECIAL IMPORTANCE TO THE FACT THAT HJ ACCORDANCE WITH THE UNITED NATIONS CHARTER THE PARTIES TO THE TASHKENT DECLARATION RENOUNCE THE USE OF FORCE IN THE SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES AND THAT IN CONFORMITY WITH THE APPROPRIATE RESOLUTION OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL THEY HAVE AGREED TO THE WITHDRAWAL OF ALL ARMED PERSONNEL. THE MEASURES AGREED UPON IN TASHKENT .' . ' AN IMPORTANT STEP TOWARDS ESTABLISHING A STABLE PEACE BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND INDIA. I ALSO NOTE WITH GREAT SATISFACTION YOUR WILLINGNESS TO S/ ••'..-' CONTINUE MEETING/ON MATTERS OF DIRECT CONCERN TO YOUR COUNTRY AND INDIA AND EXPRESS THE HOPE THAT THIS CONTINUED CONTACT WILL LEAD TO A LASTING SETTLEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS INVOLVED AND THUS HELP THE CAUSE OF PEACE BETWEEN 'SfS&L AND AND IN THE REGION AS A WHOLE. HIGHEST CONSIDERATION^

0 TflABT SECRETARY-GENERAL UNITED NATIONS

U Thaat

Secretary-General A 10

HIS EXCELLENCY 8ARDAR SWABAN SIBGH MINISTER FOR SX3CEIIKA& AFFAIRS HEW IEIHI (BJDIA)

I EAVS JUST RECEIVED THE TSAfflC MFS OF THE SUDEEH AEB tJKTBEIX I2SATH OF PRIME MIKISTER LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI. PLEASE ACCEPT MiT DEEPEST CONDOLENCES,

WHICH I HAVE AI£0 CQBVEXEP TO BIS EXCELMCY THE ERESIIEHT. THE SEWSE OF LOSS

V/BICH IS EiLT AX THE UNITED KATIONS IS /vLL THE MORE ACUTE BECAUSE THE PRBIE Ti-v.e TA,LKS DEATH POLLCRffiD SO SOON AFTER HTS JjfPATHFMtfBfflTP AS? TASHKENT, I HAD LEARI^D WUH GRSAT SATISFACTION OF THE MEASURES AGREED UPOH MB ElffiODIED IH THE TASHKEI-3T DECLAR/iTIOK. I M ORATU^IED BY TEE COKCILIATORY SPIRIT MB IETERMKED EFFORTS APPLIED M BOTS SI1ES 5?0 !EHB APSAIKKBHT OF THB^ FOIOTS OF AQH&sSSSSBT. I AIETACH SPECIAL IMPORTANCE TO THE FACT THAT BI ACCOBQANCE WITH THE UKDSD KASIOHS CHARTER THE PAHTIES TO THE TASHKENT EECLARATIOH REMOUKCE THE QS@ OF FORCE IN THE SETTLEMEM! OF DISPUTES MD THAT IK CONFORMITY WITH THE APPROPRIATE RESOLUTION OF TSB SECURITY COUIWIL THEY HAVE AGREED TO THE WITHDRAWAL OF ALL ARMED PERSOMIEL. THE MEASURES AGREED UPON IN TASHKENT ME M EJPORTAI^T STEP TOWARDS ESTABLISHING A STABIS PEACE BETWEEH TMVIA mi) PAICISTM. I ALSO NOTE WITH GBEAT SATISFACTION THE WILLUWlffiSS OF THE GOVERM-EfSTS TO COHTIBUE MEETINGS 01 MATTERS OF DIRECT CONCERN TO YOUR COUI'JTRY AND PAKISTAl^ A1TO EXPRESS THE HOPE TEAT THIS CONTIKUSD CONTACT WILL IEAD TO A SETTLIMEHT OF THE MOBIEMQ INVOLVED AND THUS HELP THE CAUSE OF PEACE BETWEEN IKDIA MD PAKISTAN AMD H'l THE REGION AS A WHOLE/ HIGHEST COWSIIERATIOI^

Secretaiy-General 10 Jan.

BIS EXCEOENCY MR. ALEItSEI H. KOSYGBi CHAIRMAN OF IBS COUHCIL OF MINISTERS UKIOR OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS MOSCOW (USSR)

MY I EXPRESS MY 3DEEP S^ISFACTIOK WIOT THE MEASURES AGREED UPON IN IKE COURSE

OF 2HE TASHKEM1 MSETJHG MB EMBOSSED IN THE TASEKEET DECLARATIOI. YOUR TIMELY IK1TIAI1VE IK BRINGING IBS PAETIES TOQSmBH TO DISCUBB THEIR PROBLEMS AND YOOR EFFOSTS 70 CBSATB A JEOPITJOUS A3S40SISEI8B GBEATLY FACILITATED /i/. ti^ ______^^ PROGRESS !l@l^^3 THE MACEPQL SETTLE^MT OF THE SERIOUS COHPLICT BBTWEEH THEM. TASHKSHT DSCLARAT1033, 2 HOfS, WILL COH^rTUTE AN EFFECTIVE STEP TC¥ARB THE ESTABLISWIEM1 OF A STABLE ESACE IN THE MM. HIGHEST CONSILERATION^

U THAMT 9ECBETARY-C UNITED HATIOIJS

Seeretary-fleneral . . UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE or INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/Vjl 11 January 1966

MESSAGES FROM SECRETARY-GENERAL ON TASHKENT DECLARATION

Following are the texts of cables'sent yesterday, 10 January 1966, by the Secretary-General, U Thant, -to the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Aleksei II. Kosygin, to the Minister for External Affairs of the Republic of India, Sardar Swaran Singh, and to the. President -of the Republic of Pakistan, Mohammad Ayub Khan, on the occasion of the signing of the Tashkent Declaration: Cable to Chairman Kosygin "May I express my deep satisfaction with the measures agreed upon in the course of the Tashkent meeting and embodied in the Tashkent Declaration. Your timely initiative in bringing the parties together to discuss their problems and your efforts to create a propitious -.atmosphere greatly facilitated the progress made towards the peaceful settlement of the serious conflict between them. The Tashkent Declaration, I hope,, will constitute an effective step towards the establishment of a stable, peace in the area." Cable to Indian Foreign Minister . "I have just received the tragic news of the sudden and untimely death of Prime Minister Lai Bahadur Shastri. Please accept my deepest condolences, which I have also conveyed to His Excellency the President. "The sense of loss which is felt at the United Nations is all the more acute because the Prime Minister's death followed so soon after the talks at Tashkent. I had learned with great satisfaction of the measures agreed upon and embodied in the Tashkent Declaration. I am gratified by the conciliatory spirit and determined efforts applied by both sides to the attainment of these points of agreement. I attach special.importance to the fact that in accordance with the United Nations Charter, the parties to the Tashkent Declaration renounce the use of force in the settlement of disputes, and that, in conformity with the appropriate resolution of the Security Council, they have agreed to the withdrawal of all armed personnel. / \ (more; - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/Hjl 11 January 1966

"The measures agreed upon in Tashkent are an important step towards establishing a stable peace between India and Pakistan. I also note with great satisfaction the willingness of the Governments to continue meetings on matters of direct concern to your country and Pakistan, and express the hope that this continued contact will lead to a lasting settlement of the problems involved and thus help the cause of peace between India and Pakistan and in the region as a whole." Cable to President Ayub Khan "I have learned with great satisfaction of the measures agreed upon and embodied in the Tashkent Declaration. I am gratified by the conciliatory spirit and determined efforts applied by both sides to the attainment of these points of agreement. I attach special importance to the fact that, in accordance with the United Nations Charter, the parties to the/Tashkent Declaration renounce the use of force in the settlement of disputes, and that in conformity with the appropriate resolution of the Security Council, they have agreed to the withdrawal of all armed personnel. "The measures agreed" upon in Tashkent are an important step towards establishing a stable peace between Pakistan and India. I also note with great satisfaction your willingness to continue meetings on matters of direct concern to your country and India, and express the hope that this continued contact will lead to a lasting settlement of the problems involved and thus help the cause of peace between Pakistan and India and in the region as a whole." PERMANENT MISSION OF INDIA

TO THE UNITED NATIONS 3 EAST 64TH STREET NEW YORK 21. N. Y.

PAKISTANI STATEMENTS QUALIFYING RENUNCIATION OFFCRCE IN THE TASHKENT DECLARATION

President Ayub^H Radio Broadcast of_.. 14-1-1966: 11 Later during and after the war it became very clear to the world that peace between India and Pakistan was impossible without a settlement of the Kashmir issue." " The Indian Primo Minister wanted us to sign a non-war pact with India, We made it clear to him that Pakistan could net enter int« any such agreement until the issue of Kashmir was settled in a just and honourable manner. However, we told the Indian Prime Minister that Pakistan was ready to reiterate that it would fulfil its responsibility of maintaining peace, a responsibility that Pakistan had accepted under the U.N, Charter, This responsibility means that nations should not resort to the use of force so long as avenues of peace remained open,,,,,, we also told him that peace could be maintained only if the issue of Kashmir was settled in a reasonable manner." Mir. ^Bhutto's Statement on 15-1-66 in Larkans (Morning Hews. Karachi.16-1-66} " The U.N.Charter which represents the collective resolve of the world community to perpetuate peace, in Article 51 recognises the ultimate right of a nation to wage its struggle for freedom. It is precisely in this context that in the Tashkent Declaration we have reaffirmed our obligations under the charter," " The spectre of vsr and conflict can vanish only when a lasting peace is achieved by all owing the people of Jammu and Kashmir there- right to freely determine their future,"

Mr.. Altaf Gauhar Infprmat:': an Secretary's Speech Press, Report dated 2-2-66 from^Rawalpindi(Morning Ifews.Karachi. 3-2-66) 11 Giving a clause by clause analysis of the declaration, the Information Secretary said that Pakistan reaffirmed its obligations under the U.N. Charter in the interests of peace realising full well that the interest of peace and the people of Indo-Pakistan sub-continent would be well served if the basic cause responsible for the continuance of tension between the two countries was removed in a just manner," " Pakistan had net entered into a bilateral no-war~naot with India, Renunciation of force would have a^y neaninp; only if the basic issue involved was araicabDy settled o^ an adequate machinery for this purpose wag Set upi"

?resident__.i'vubt.3 P-adio Broadcast on February 1.J966.

LJe did make it clear to India th-t pn honourable solution of the problem of Jammu and Kashmir was an essential pre-reouisite to the establishment of lasting peace between Pakistan and India."

Mr. _Bhutto's statementL on 9-2-66 in Larkana (Dawn. _10-2->6_6) 11 Throughout the duration of the Tashkent Conference, Kashmir was virtually the sole subject of discussion .... This fact is recorded in the very first article of the Tashkent Declaration the language of which makes it clear that the dispute over Jammu and Kashmir is connected with the issue of war and peace".

" In reaffirming their obligations under the Charter to refrain from the use of force and to settle the dispute through peaceful neans, the two countries haw done no more than restate their existing international commitments under the charter .....

Mr. Aj-taf ' Gauhar ^Information .Secretary's speech dated

"The U.N. Charter, in Article 2, paragraph 3, provides th?t:

"all members shall settle their inter nati«nsl disputes by penfgful means in such a manner that international p«ace, security afad Justus aye »§fc endangered*" This is a mandatory clause, nnd the paragraph in ths U»N,p»art0j? which follows, i.e. '\rticle 2, paragraph 4, tends tr mislify this saying!

" all members shall refrain, in their international relations, f»om threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political indepef» dence ef any Stnte, ^r in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations." This paragraph clenrly requires member«.stnt«s to refrain from threat or use of force (the wcrd refrain is to be nrted,) ".gainst the territeriral integrity or political independence of nny st^te. /ind where the territorial integrity or political independence of any state is itself a subject matter of dispute, obviously, the provisions of this paragraph cannot be operative."

" India was anxious to get an agreement 'to renounce f oree, ' an agreement unburdened bjr any reference to the United Nations Charter.

" Now, an agreement such as India wanted is one thing, while reaffirming a. collective obligation under the United Nations Charter is quite another. The reason is simple. The U.N. Charter concedes to member states the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence. (/Irticle 51 ). This is the basic difference between a bilateral no-war-pact, and the reaffirmtion of a collective obligation not to use force for the settlement of disputes under the United Nations Charter as envisaged in Clause I of the T-shkent Declaration". -2- 11 .Indeed, on this vexed question of a TNo-War Pact,' Pakistan had made its viewpoint known t* the world much before the Tashkent meeting. It was ann<"ranced in unequivocal terms before the Teshkent Declaration was signed that Pakistan was always prepared to reaffirm its obligation un^er the U.N. Charter, but that it was not prepared to g'«?f

Mr, 'Bhutto,1s, statement .fin 15-3-66 in _fetional_Assembly. ( .Dawn, 17/3 ) ~" " Renunciation of force promised in-'the declaration v;as not .1 now commitment sithcr. Pakistan and Indio as members rf the United Nations vere already committed t« it under U*N, Charter/ which enj«ined m its members to save world from the scMurage 8£ war. It was cle-i^ly directed against''India, because India was an Aggressor and because,. India did not respect the Kashmiri People's right ^if self-determinati«a,. an Obligation she had undertaken as a member- tff the United N"tiifeis<'" ' * • ;, .. ,. '.>•;• " If the Tashkent resolution ran center t4'the spirit ^ the United Nations Quarter,, it woul?1. be c^nside^ed ultra vires to that extent under Article 51 rf Tni-bodi Nations nhaj»ter, vjhioh was an nver» rising article, Pakistan ctuld alwys g£ t^ the defence Mj? her pe«pl* in Jammu and Kashmir." PERMANENT MISSION OF INDIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS 3 EAST 64TH STREET NEW YORK 21. N. Y.

PAKISTANIL _S 'Cfe-TBE'ENTS MAKING KASHMIRIS STTL,S>'iENT PRE - PEQUIS r.'J FOR PEACE .

Mr; Z.A.Bhutto, Foreign M.lrd.ster:

"Tha President has made it clear time and again that a durable edifice of peace in the Sub-Continent can only b.i built oh the foundation of a just and honour-able settlement of the J-inmu and Kashmir dispute." (Statement en. 9.2.1966 in Latkana - Dawn, 10.2.66)

2. Pakistan would make earnest endeavours to live at peace with India, but the peace could not be purchased at the cost of the people of Jammu and Kashmir, not to mention the .sacrifices of the people of Pakistan.

(Statement on 25.2.66 in Lahore reported in 'looming Hews' of 26.2.66)

3. Government spokesman:

Pakistan had made clear time and again which issue is of supreme importance to her and in this connection he referred to President Ayub ' s speech over radio soon after the Tashkent Declaration in which he had categorically and emphatically declared that without the settlement of the Kashmir issue there could be no lasting peace in the Sub -Continent*

(Statement on 25.2.66 in Lahore - Dawn, 26.2.66)

4. --Mr,. Abdul Hamid Khan,. .President of Azad GovernmeiM; of Jammu and Kashmir :

The question of the determination of the future of Kashmir was the main hurdle in Irido- Pakistan relations and peace in the sub-continent was unthinkable so long as the issue remained unsolved.

(Statement on 1.3.66 in Muzaffrabad - Dawn ,2. 3. 66"

5. Khan A.Sobui-, Central Communications Minister:

The Indian leaders and people would appreciate that without an honorable solution of the basic dispute - Kashmir - and proportionate reduction of army of both the countries, no lasting peace is possible.

(Statement on 4.3<,66 in Dacca - Dawn 5.3.66).

6. President Ayub:

The joint communique, issued after this meeting has helped to confirm Pakistan's basic stand, iirv.iGly, that an honourable settlement of the Jammu and Kashmir dispute is a sine qua non for a durable peace between Pakistan and India,

(Address to National Assembly on 8.3.66 in Dacca - 'Morning News' 8.3.66).

7. Mr. Z.A.Bhutto, Foreign Minister :

^ont-<=- *---'OP ^d alra had all. alonv hep" tha^ vhe people of Kashmir must be given an opportunity to exercise their choice whether they wanted to join Pakistan, Unless the dispute of Kashmir was settled in this light, the task of establishing peace in the sub-continent would remain unfinished.

(Foreign .A^-r"-?: debate in National Assembly in Dacca on 14.3.66 - Dawn 15.3.66). - 2 -

8. President Ayub: Pakistan would have to remain vigilant and fully prepared s« l«ng as India did not finally make up its mind to live in peace and amity with her. The restoration of good relations with India depended on the attitude of Indian leaders, as the ball was in their court. If they did not show change in their attitude towards Pakistan bad relations would continue. Peace and amity must be on the basis of honour and fair play, as Pakistan would not tolerate the dictation of policy by India. (Statement on 18.3.66 in Khulna - Dawn 19.3.66). 9. President Ayub: If outstanding disputes between India and Pakistan were not solved peacefully and if India wanted to embark on any adventure against Pakistan, the cost would be too high and rivers of blood would flow.

(Address to PML Council on 19.3.66 - Dawn 20.3.66) 19-, President Ayub:

Addressing the meeting of the Pakistan Muslim League Council here, the President cautioned the Indian leaders that unless there wag a salutiem to the disputes between the two countries, "the cost will be too great for both the countries. The blood that will be shed will be in terms of river*,"

(Version of address to P.M.L.Council on 19,3.66 according to 'Morning News' of 20.3.66),

<*** *** **** PERMANENT MISSION OF INDIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS 3 EAST 64TH STREET NEW YORK 21. N. Y.

STATEMENT BY PAKISTANI LEADERS RELEVANT TO INFILTRATORS

Mr. Altaf Gauhar, Secretary, Ministry of I & BJ

"Let us now turn to Clause II.

"The two important phrases in this clause are 'on the Cease- Fire Line1: and 'armed personnel'. There has been a great deal of controversy about what the term 'armed personnel1 means. It may be relevant here to quote from the Security Council Resolution of 6th February, 1948, because at that time the Security Council dealt with the question whether Mujahideen went into Kashmir or not. The clause in the resolution, whicl: deals with that situation, refers to 'the withdrawal and continued exclusion of irregular forces and armed individuals." The phrases used are irregular forces and armed individuals. These phrases have to be distinguished from 'armed personnel' which means personnel under the control of the Defence Services. This phrase does not cover the case of the Mujahideen who have a right to be where they are. The clause treats the Cease-Fire Line as no more than a temporary arrangement: nor does it deal with what might happen on either side of the Cease-Fire Line. It provides that 'both sides shall observe the cease-fire terms on the Cease-Fire Line'. The cease-fire terms are laid down by the U.N. Observers. What happens on either side of the Cease-Fire Line does not come within the purview3 and, indeed, is not covered at all by this clause. Also the phrase 'armed personnel" does not cover the type of people as was envisaged in the Security Council Resolution of 1948".

(Speech dated 4.3.1966);There was no U.N. Resolution of February 6, 1948). A

"Also, as was explained with reference to the U.N. Charter, refraining from the use of force applies to independent States and territories and not to disputed territories."

(Speech dated 4.3.1966).

2. Mr. Z.A.Bhutto, Foreign Minister:

"The declaration forecloses no possibilities, blocks no avenues to the achievement of our legitimate aims and the vindication of our just rights."

(Mr. Bhutto's statement in National Assembly, Dacca, 14.3.66 as reported in 'Dawn' of 15.3.66).

3. Mr. Altaf Gauhar, Secretary, Ministry of I & B:

"Pakistan had every moral and legal right and justification for supporting the right of self-determination for the people of Jammu and Kashmir. What actually had been done is lending support to the struggling people of Jammu and Kashmir was no violation of International Law or morality".

(Statement in National Assembly, Dacca, March 15, as reported by APP in Pakistani newspapers 17.3.1966).

4. Mr. Z.A.Bhutto, Foreign Minister:

"Besides, Mr. Vnutto continued, if the Tashkent .Resolution ran counter to the spirit of the U.N. Charter, it would be considered ultra vires to that extent under Article 51 of the U.N. Charter which was an overriding article, Pakistan could always go to the defence of her peoples in Jammu and Kashmir."

(Statement in National Assembly, Dacca, March 15th, as reported by APP in newspapers of March 17, 1966). With the Compliments of G. Parthasarathi Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations

3 East 64th Street New York 21, N, Y.

H.E. U Thant Secretary General United Nations MR. 5HASTRI AND THE TASHKENT DECLARATION

FOREIGN MINISTER SARDAR SWARAN SINGH'S BROADCAST

Following is the text of Foreign Minister Sardar Swaran Singh's broadcast from New Delhi on January 15, 1966:

I speak to you as one who was privileged to be associated with our late Prime Minister Lai Bahadur Shastri in Tashkent during his-mission of peace. The week that we spent in Tashkent was unforgettable. They were days of meetings, negotiations and sincere efforts to reach understandings and meeting of minds. The Prime Minister and his colleagues worked as a team determined to see establishment of peace and goodwill between India and Pakistan. We were all proud to work under his inspiring leadership. After strenuous efforts in which Chairman Kosygin played most notable good offices role, President Ayub Khan and Prime Minister Shastri were able to reach agreement on a Declaration which was signed in Tashkent on the tenth of January.

In the Tashkent Declaration India and Pakistan have chosen to turn away from mutual conflict and have resolved to base their relations on peace, friendship and good-neighbourliness.

This in itself is a remarkable achievement which reverses trends of the past seventeen years and marks a new era in the relations between the two countries. The central point of the whole Declaration is renunciation of force by both sides for settlement of their disputes. For many years in the past India had emphasised the importance of a no-war declaration by both countries to the effect that all differences and disputes between them should be settled peacefully without resort to arms. Unfortunately, no agreement could be reached on such a declaration between India and Pakistan all these years. It is a tribute to the statesmanship and sincerity of purpose of the President of Pakistan and of Prime Minister Shastri that at last both countries have agreed not to have recourse to force and to settle their disputes through peaceful means.

It has always been our view that it is only in an atmosphere of freedom from tension and of goodwill created by such a Declaration that both sides could reach solutions to the problems between them.

Article One of the Tashkent Declaration seeks to embody agreement regarding renunciation of force. The crucial sentence therein reads:

"They reaffirm their obligation under the Charter not to have recourse to force and to settle their disputes through peaceful means."

The greater part of the discussions in Tashkent centred round this basic question. Prime Minister Shastri made it clear that the main issue was whether or not the two countries wanted to settle their disputes

( ... 2) -2- peacefully. He insisted on clear affirmation that there shall be no resort to force. The Pakistan position was that any Declaration would be valueless unless there was political settlements or self-executing machinery for settlement of the Kashmir question was set up. Eventually, after great deal of discussions, there was agreement that the Declaration should specifically mention agreement on non-use of force as means of settling any dispute between the two countries. This has been done by categorical reaffirmation of the obligation which both countries have, as members of the United Nations, to refrain in their mutual relationship from threat or use of force. Article Two of the Declaration provides for withdrawal of all armed personnel of the two countries not later than February 25, 1966, to pre-August 5 positions as required in the United Nations Resolutions. Prime Minister Shastri gave fullest consideration to all aspects of the question of withdrawal before agreeing to this clause. He very carefully examined his letter of September 14 to the United Nations Secretary General in which he had stated "that when consequent upon ceasefire becoming effective further details are considered, we shall not agree to any disposition which will leave the door open to further infiltrations or prevent us from dealing with infiltrations that have taken place." The late Prime Minister and the entire Indian Delegation felt that the conditions laid down by the Prime Minister had been completely met by Pakistan's agreement not only to withdraw all armed personnel but also to respect after withdrawals ceasefire terms on the Ceasefire Line and undertaking of non-interference in each other's internal affairs. Prime Minister Shastri had made it clear on more than one occasion that if the question of Kashmir was raised by President Ayub he would have to reiterate India's viewpoint and this is exactly what he did as Article One of the Declaration indicates. The important point is that though the viewpoints of both countries on Kashmir continue to be irreconcilable, both sides have nevertheless agreed not to take recourse to arms over this or any other question.

There are provisions in the Declaration which refer to normalisation of relations and discussion of various other problems. It is hoped that for consideration of these joint Indo-Pakistani bodies will be constituted. Meetings at Ministerial and Heads of Government level are also contemplated. All these are very salutary provisions. It is only in these ways that we can tackle the various outstanding problems between the two countries.

More important than the words of the Declaration is the spirit underlying it. We are confident that the Tashkent Declaration signed by the two Heads of Government and witnessed by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union embodies the spirit of peace and goodwill on which future relations between the two countries can be based to the lasting benefit of their peoples. It is our intention to implement the Declaration faithfully. We have already initiated steps for the normalisation of relations between the two countries. Our High Commissioner

( ... 3) -3-

to Pakistan is returning to his post. The Pakistan High Commissioner has already arrived in Delhi. The three Chiefs of Services from both countries are going to meet shortly. Direct contacts between the Defence Chiefs will not only facilitate withdrawals but also consider measures to ensure tranquility on the Indo-Pakistan borders in the east and the west as well as across the Ceasefire Line.

The Tashkent Declaration is a tribute to the vision and statesmanship of the President of Pakistan and the Prime Minister of India. Equally, one cannot but recognise the tremendous contribution which was made by Chairman Kosygin who not only sponsored the idea of the Conference but also at all stages and particularly when difficulties arose acted as messenger of peace and helped to resolve all obstacles. He did not propose much less impose any particular solutions. Yet without his good offices Tashkent Declaration could not have taken shape. The Tashkent Declaration is a Declaration of peace and goodwill between -India and Pakistan. It has been hailed all 'dver the world as a great act of statesmanship and as a significant contribution to world peace. Dozens of messages of congratulations have been received from Heads of Government and States all over the world. The Tashkent Declaration implemented sincerely and earnestly will make immeasurable contribution to the happiness of millions of people in the subcontinent and to peace in Asia and the world. Both India and Pakistan can use their resources for economic development and for the betterment of standards of living of their peoples. The dangerous tensions which have characterised relations between the two countries will be eliminated. Both countries will be able to conserve their resources for peaceful economic development. Their security will be strengthened by the assurance of peace flowing from the Declaration. .

Virtual agreement on the text of the Tashkent Declaration was reached at midnight of January 9. The next day Prime Minister Shastri felt greatly relaxed and entertained President Ayub at a quiet lunch a couple of hours before the Declaration was actually signed. No one who saw him that afternoon, looking hale and hearty, feeling obviously happy at the triumph of peace and goodwill, would have had any inkling of impending tragedy.

The Tashkent Declaration is a monument to Prime Minister Shastri's ^wisdom, statesmanship and love of peace. This Declaration is his last gift to our nation. He wanted us to work for peace as steadfastly and courageously as we had fought to preserve our honour and integrity. It is up to us to live up to his expectations. All of us, in whatever walk of life and wherever we are, the centre or in the States, in towns or in villages, should dedicate ourselves to -working for the basic objectives of peace and amity between India and Pakistan embodied in the Tashkent Declaration. ROUTING SLIP FICHE DE TRANSMISSION The Secretary-General

FOR ACTION POUR SUITE A DONNER FOR APPROVAL POUR APPROBATION FOR SIGNATURE POUR SIGNATURE PREPARE DRAFT PROJET A REDIGER FOR COMMENTS POUR OBSERVATIONS MAY WE CONFER? POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER? YOUR ATTENTION VOTRE ATTENTION AS DISCUSSED COMME CONVENU AS REQUESTED SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDS NOTE AND FILE NOTER ET CLASSER NOTE AND RETURN NOTER ET RETOURNER FOR INFORMATION POUR INFORMATION

Attached is a paper on the Tashkent Declaration prepared in this depart- ment which might be of some interest to you.

Date: FROM: DE: A \ 19 January 1966 A . E 1 JJeesj^renks o CR. 13 (11-64) CQHFIBKNTZAL

19 i$*3Msaryi; 1966

TASHKSSS2? DKLABM10H Sbssa of P£Msta:n aad£ tbs 1 Ss&ia Lai Ea&aSsaz Sfeastei isafc la 2&8S&cn1v!3S8KB for Swing ^=10 Js8BSBS?y 1966. At tte© Isaigfet of the lsj$c=>BaS£istsai

la September 1?63S wissa it appear©& tSmt v&e call of CoaK3il for a eeaso»£ire ^icajaa aot oa 19 Ssptg^feesr ttet Sr^aier Kosygis baa esnt IT Sssptesabssp 1^55 'to- ES-tee Misaister Steetri sr^ Sfresl&ent to tfoe USSR « to ®e&sME@at = so that t&ey emaM Sispats* At that tise 'tfes Ssvict E^^sl€J?ioff€ffsS Ms offices if

the piblishea . jregos'ts, tfes positisaas ocf the pasr&ies the ©s-e of iSie SSaShkeat talks ws^e ^Jgld eM la ©egm-s aSslssioa "by iFifii© ttet tfee <§p@stisa 'of

a s^lsjset of Si^p^tep &s& to eoaas with ttee sett!<2£sss& of tlie diej^ste. Sa ih® e follewiag the Sspt^bss' fightisjgj, tfee Bakistsssi eaisatatos^ ttet Iflse po&itieai ssttl^ssat ^©ietiag to th© spesfcleia "

Stsfc® of to fflsgstiatiess. Ca, t&© basis it ss®s©S tl®t ttee SMlan dfejeeti1^© at a pl©%e

of f£^ge ^ms.;cG3asideE'ed ©B@@R.t;i€i2. la os-skSE- to prewessfe ??®ra®8Bt '•e^msidssred the iBfilts-atloa ©f elements toto K&steisr b

aefcipafftea that the afces?© ststed cfe^42®*^®8 °^ "&&s pasties it wstf dif£i@«OLt at %u^ka&t to ©gg1©© osa on ege^Sg ^d.^a to ItselssSe the s-

Is spite of those difficulties ths talks got raaSs? isay eg&a tbs ess 10 Jsmss^' X9£S<> It ease effes? © esslmiSEi at- ths etesstsss «xf asay e«33i83iicpi feaSss agreed on at the assaslraslosa of the talks 6 delight *$Meh grseteS tJte oi|3siag sf tfee S^geloratlos 1>3T tiie aaaaosssstesat of tfes

5« TSte Ti&sSjkent Iteelai-atioa ^-saa inEmrfeablo for tdttat it Its j«»t Isgaptant aeMevêat xsas the of both ZEfiSLoa aM Sakistaai osrse 19§5; the vltMmâl is to t»e eoiÎetssS Eot l&t®? tbsa 25

Bselarstisa Gi&mrmsissta eg^«ed to to eve&t the OH Chapter; (ii) E0feh the UH Cfeas^sz- to tlie eEaoagEagiBS the pa«ifi« smttlesgat of (iii) Both Gwes^s^ata agpead tfeat reletims fes'sSrssa tii@i? two eoaants'ies @hc&i

the otherB ead to seat of fs&e&$l& (v) Both GtssrainaieeMie e@?e®d to s"setG5.*s srelaticns b^ Ssavijjg their Hi^h Cos^iesS,©assis in BawsslpSMi

H«K? l3^Lhi £%t^m to their g«»8t@0 Both Go^eraaeate ag^sed to Qoasi&er j^asaas'ss the sreatoimticm of ©eesisasie sad trade r@i0tio8S

agreements; Both Gm7ensaegit0 agreed to the of e» Tf cu

Botfe agsss^S to esa&isajs t-o at t i!KS ot&ei's Xswels ess ssfctsys of cEis'-s to both eassstg'fieso In tSsls s-eggsrS t&s pasties £- tfe-g "&£«& to set tap JiDtet J^JiaK-BsJitistaai ?;«lies w E'Sspofffr. to tSsel? Gs^sssassits f.a ca'fies* to £©glds ^tss be tskeao"

It Is wiiely s©sag5t-sS tfeat tl^ss ogpesssatSy t-rMsS? isske ssSft TJSE® as^I^sS st •s'-sr-j ler^-slsf fl^s to tfes

of the otfielsls ©f 12ns 13SS^0 asad psrfcie^l©!^ ©f Brsaiss* Ko^gia0

«3 ©f th© talks OK & J@sma?y 19S60 Hsira dispta«^aas_ t©ld s ates'j g«3,s ©f tfe® Sadist F^£3iei. 8 aai it MSS said to fees Ms ^sreessl aaMs^sssat ^sess tfes Bselers-tiea ^-s

St is tss5&@3?sfes$a that ^ssiSK- Kosf/gia stsss'sS the talks ^gtt/

BsJfeistasal lessi^i'S t?i^ eKtfaiuMisasy skiH SRil8 °ritSj sm raafies'stai^lias of t&s cliff ienalties ES^ t-fea 1- ©f iSne te© aisles0 la tlis bsst

s@aistS.©sas fee halfi separate SisevissS.isai! -^.tli ilfeg ar t3s

is a® fe^fe tlsat BPsstSesft Aj,^ i;'%l S^ls© S-;5Mst@E* SSiasteS, ga^^a-fe ?

1 1 gK las-'ie iFjavfeg the p©iltieal issias ia afecgrasea fos

10 o ^Sies1® is ao tflciabt ^Smtswea1 tMt the Tae>Js®at tslks It is ar©9osfesS ttet 'S^ssaies1 Sosjrgls wtarstsa'aed Istla t^ nak® <8ms@@ei©as ©a tbs •5itfeiBssisl isntae C'Sfe® ^S3^ ©i^5^1©ast ^sitig tfes

Brssid^ssst &$$ss -fefessff^h R©t

fiss>2.'3.

Ho She 0S3B role ae pes.ee=aaker SKd ®ei!i&tor> has «jeen seelsisaed act by Soeialist &&& Roa-sligraed (.eossats'iss,, bist Ms beara also SSsmES'sMar eessseE&ed in the Stoited States ecd the felted KiHgdsss« Tfels itself is teportassfe,,, fs>? IB the past the United Ststes and the feited Kisgd'oa have aaswsd for t&esassl^es tte iroie cf psaes-sa^era HJK£ s®ilatos¥s is t&e s^ ecntinent in genes-al^ esscl elso in the

12 <> Fêai©r K®sygiBs ^lio spcfee shortly after the ssigesing of the de-elaration oa 10 Jamaaxyp ©sgiressisd the vies ^shieh Ims now besn eaSopsefl fey all the Sogisligt eowjtîeso * H© êlcrasted tbs declsi?ati

The BiQK-sligKed states ha1®1© also wsleosed tfee ^ealaration as a a tap peeiceftel relations "between India assfi Sfelcisstano Sines most of the saisstain Etorsial rslations vitli Isdia area! Eskistaa^ they wished to see tte pseifie settlssssat of the IB j^saa- old JrsSrt-Pakist-aa Tfee Jjcm-allg^sd ts© ssw the

1^« The western eosantries te-^e pisfisliely espress-sd tfeelK1 satisfs«st-iCTi ^rlfeh tine a.©slarati©ji0 Follofiiag the sigaissg of fee feel&rstleri saay wsstera joined those o^ the seeialist eM BiQaj=®lignisd etatse 3a se^diag to tlte Ss^isa ®n£L

See ^mes for otlies0 USSR *}£" atement- to s« r£tji*8 ec 1-Q Ke terried tite <-\i the sou- i, of I^mc **$•; r3\'<^^ to t, T:o-ih Ii^:*?i and Pa^.fs-^a. He *je io.M "axasS j«ifri.«.maiLw ae iv\sXy.S1ng "itd'ilt^&tos-s" seat ; to Awh£:ir to JSaifftct 15^5,, 2iuil3yv ho iaUBafc&d tias-t ;!i« aesiarat th« Isroiolablllty of tte Stete os? JaiBua sM

rlse Minisster HaraSa9 ia a bs-QS^Gst to tfe

oa 11 Jtoxei!usa?yf said "ae ehall iiosjar, the isgpasaaent that hs madle 'Si^l^asat it

SÂ^fejî^rfelvi,?^ ®rasiaistlie nevly ae eontei'butitis to BSMKBaliaatiaB to sis with Pakistan ai'ai paase la SM3s-«sosifciênto Tfees?e b»e been, as fiiffeffesi'see'' af opiialoa la Imlia, îd It tâs aspfflraRiesil in JJ®t? Dalhi

of Kebab Jlita-fcl«5Bff. had of tfea fedsk ,»:^,«, .,„..,... Wlf^ffr . •' • i'jE-lffi'''•^KBiS'lttH Vl-'irti'^.1'''^*^' ''' '^'''" -'•"''•*''-jfc'''''' '/-'^'^•TN'-'^Vj';:v>'i'-'r'-:'! to the toyss of the sasc'a'ssm" to PHa ;^Sfe-!C8j^w-? ®fi|*^^ ' "'""""'''''"":'" ©eeepila&se &t tbs

fefete»ai^S5fef^;^!0|f^^ii|ie|gs}S; A «&>®8ai«a. sdiJit-wlag Hfeto p&ptyB the JSB SsKgfe teitla 19

paa-liasseat &a» «^|«8«fi tfeo- ^^®la»a^i(ms0 BteOlGwlssg a p&s-t

Before g<&Sag to festeeat Brtes Mtoiste? Sfeastrl tiF to have ssid 1 i&at Xndi^i tsroqss® ismald vltbstesH ossl^ after not to aessd sos1^ "lafiltoatora^ to ISaaSiMsv

jiii^ff^fiîilMj;1{ il^^Sr;ll|:"^gi^^€>a vss; first Itfilsilipg^ He liiîiiii^'î^^^^l^'-^îil^^1^ s®t ®sis îase Ms1* Asssesa exp^ssed t%s "Tie?- usMsh has sisss sj

te® 'csss1© susaaia-atsa bjr .feSia cr/ul Fshie": 19- St Is l&e îe^? cjf BsMstasi o2?i«;ielE -3t:a.t the ^^.â'^rssj, .slr^s?-? the âslsksat Seel'i'aM^H "?stSld sss&e possible e^bstasaiS^c ?i!.sr"i3slS3 of the Kks!m«l!? fiiffi^ft-ao la tMs «®atest9 tfe-^r ^r^?e ?-&li!^ cia *3ss S&scî

25 - by E5£i

IssS "fessa csasefeel. ^ IfeklstaKi of^leisals t^a* «se r.-^-'itiTtg in TssHc stei.? -a£e t3hsra fii-.s to Ic SSi© i^>l@®giffitaties5 ©f slasss J& of tte

Slse @e©fi c^flees of t&@ USSR; titat ise sa©tMff Tashkent Sic, 1 Etegîgja 0£?i«e âfeesrÊB ©f FsfeistosTi t?as y®fcrfe-î to IS Jesiasaffy la BssKElp&ESl tfea* tfc-s eleasn^ s^sfsyîsg to ussi^Sates iateraal affaiys diS. set sg*»lj t© E^sbMr saa was za^t <^s irataa-sal afS'aSj1 af

hold the c^osits sft. te to ha-re said in Bawalpindi OR IS Janyary that J'.3ie Tashkent w was "trtes^h of saaaSty 0 He tot> belie red that It to the solution of the Kasha!? ffii

2%0 However, sssae Sahist&nl felt dletus-feei by tha absc-v.ee of a ?«&• atantive Btatsaeat OB K&siMir in the declaration.: It v~.s reported tjtat st^fisntB in ^ssst Palcisfe;-! hacl pro-.';*;;t£d a^a^nst the S?

emdj assi scaae jregorfes' stated that SS^o Kswal Singh9 ' Isaiiaa C«®sdssi£TOer isi Pakistan woold sossi retwria to his

Ins tesss of WJ ps*e©g©sigp«iti®aj, tli© Tashkauib J^&sJ.Es°atiL0a cwjgM to be ie withia the spirit of the 1155 Charter When th®

Pffliea' first issussd the iswitetioEs for the EL®eiiag8 i® Sepfesiber 1965» it was ssafie

this Hitera am 11 JasissaFy 1^5 !te seat psisi^r Kosygisa awfi Presiteit A^mb Khara for the S5ts©3es!§ftei agre^uerts yeaehed at Taehfcsato -.:...-' . . \ Sfo. St is sigsnifieaiat^' h®we?/sr9' that'sKJ ssMtJon was isade in the "B@©!arati<33J @«Mi

KJaatair9' Issiia aM Jtekistsm^ there ie no reference to ISJMQSSPj, tTOPOM we'the MissisNa ©4* Brigadisr Scraes-al Tsali© M&jraaabiOo It might be infszrefi that if the withdrawal agp&^sent of the Tashkent Denjlaratiem is vitfein the tisae Itoit spxacified. th@E£ this s^esifi© task o^ UNIFOM

UHIPOM was set iap by the Seeretas-jMSenesal to effect 28 o Sinse there is no p2Wisi ^itMrawal It io ob^itmss tfoat "both Xn&ia and E&kietan will utilise the Esaebinepy of 11H1FGM t© the ttithdxmiai of ©msS ps?s

^0 The biggest aasstioaeark is tfea effe-st of ifcs a*x'3^ra« ti&se sn^iSeii £©ath of l^isssa Baiaistss- Sfeast-rio Altbm?!^ t

Astisjg B?@@isr of India9 £&•„ Plas^ag has fleelsrsd. ttet 1 execute •yae ©bllgsitloas midss tSj© TasMnent DegMi*E,tit>?!is it Is not SSsastri sssS President Aj"mb Kbani sr®a«?lisfl

S3fiin9 tJho se.M oa 10 JEfflTjas-j' in Tasbksffit tha selas^tlsa wssalS di^sssS ca °5the ability insigiht o? those «te«j will psst tMs Se^lsr^t it rs^aaias -to^re feat tlie atissg faetor- to stability in the It 52^ also ssrk the fesgisjaissg sf tfe© roaaS to te?sl«pi5ig tn tiiyis might eontipib^t® to tbs o? the ©atsfeKaiug disputes Eastraefc flras ^-sra^a's Editorial of 1$ Janissary 1^66 ? GBJ the Tashkent

The Sw&et Osiioa ha^riag off eyed its good of f ises for the of the saeetiag of leaders ©f EteMstsa and Mia fisgj @asie miioaal iat®i?est of tJh@ s*@©pl@s of these to Idle Interests of p®a@e ia Asia ®M all @-yer the

The Tashk@Bfit Dselai^atioa bslng a yesnalt &£ a patient e

oa® f®wt>h of sajakiad0 a ss®@@eg© ©f all ttes© writes staffid for > @©Sip®s ati®!a "bstwesa pgesjpleSu At the E©S© tiE@a tiJis 4© a

mm. w*e 2

this

the Tasfekeat t

•» Unofficial translation from Russian

INCOMING CLEAR CABLE

TO: SECRETARY-GENERAL FROM: A. KOSTGIN DATE: 21 JANUARY 1966

Thank you, Mr. Secretary-General, for your telegram expressing appreciation of the results of the Tashkent meeting and the peaceful efforts of the Soviet Government. We share your view that this meeting promoted progress towards a peaceful settlement of the recent conflict between India and Pakistan. In the Soviet Union it is believed that the implementation of the provisions of the Tashkent declaration will enable the peoples of these two countries/to ^OPOOOJVO its beneficial effects and serve the cause of establishing lasting peace in Indostan. A. Kosygin Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR Moscow, Kremlin JP

FOSO WUB054I HY9999 MGffi222 JOS PD IMTL SSS MOSCOU VIA KOA JAN 231 1942 ETATPHJGR1TE PC HIS EXCEUENCY" m u Tm^i SEVREXXX SECRETARY CEWERAL THE UNITED NftTIONS WYK BLAGODARIU VAS, G-M GENERA LNYI SEKRETAK , B VASHU TELEGRAMMU , V- KOTOS 01 VYSOKO OCENIVAIUTSIA REZULTATY lASKKENTSKOI ¥STRECHI 1 KIRMYE USILIIA SCVETSKOGO PRAVHTLSTVA *

MY RA2BELIAEM VASKS MMENIE t CHTO ETA VSTRECHA SODEISTVOVALA PROGRESSU V DELE MIENOGO UREGULIROVAHIlA NEDAVNEGO KOI'JFLIKTA ^EJSiT INDIEI I PAKISTAKOM ..V SOVETSKOM SOIUZE SCHITAIUT , CHTO VYPOLNEMIE POLOJENII mSHKEWTSKOI DEKLARACII DAST HARODAH DVUH STRAW VOZMOJKOST REALWO OSCUTIT EE BLAGOTVORI1YE REZULTATY I.POSLUJIT DELU VSTANOULENIIA PROCKNOGO MIRA NA INDOSTANE S UVAJEWIEM

RIEDSED&TEL SOVETA MIKISTROV SSSH MOSKVA * KREML-

pi S29P EST», , o *•

v *"*>' _% h rff^,. "5 ^ & CtR H

H FOEO ROUTING SLIP FICHE Djfo TRANSMISSION The Secretary-General

FOR ACTION POUR SUITE A DON/IER FOR APPROVAL POUR APPROBATION FOR SIGNATURE POUR SIGNATURE PREPARE DRAFT PROJET A REDIGER FOR COMMENTS POUR OBSERVATIONS MAY WE CONFER? POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER? YOUR ATTENTION VOTRE ATTENTION AS DISCUSSED COMME CONVENU AS REQUESTED SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDS NOTE AND FILE NOTER ET CLASSER NOTE AND RETURN NOTER ET RETOURNER FOR INFORMATION XX POUR INFORMATION I am sending you, herewith, excerpts from an article in Pravda's of 24 Jan.1966. I hope that this will give you an additional opportunity to have a clear picture of the position of the Soviet Government on the India-Pakistan question from the view point of the Tashkent Declaration.

Date: FROM: DE: 26/1 A.E. Nesterenko

CR. 13 (11-64) The Way to Peaceful Settlement

(Excerpts from Pravda's Article of 24 January 1966)

... Bakistan, like India, has on her part begun taking first steps on the road of implementing the Tashkent Declaration and normalizing the Indiaa-Pakistani relations. The High Commissioner (Ambassador) of India has returned to Karachi and resumed his duties. Many Pakistani statesmen, among them President Ayub Khan, are stressing in their statements that Pakistan will do all in her power to ensure a strict implementation of the Tashkent Declaration. All who are interested in strengthening the international positions of the country are giving their Government support in his effort to normalize the Indian-Pakistani relations. ... However, there are certain groups in Pakistan which responded with enmity to the Tashkent Declaration. In an obvious disregard for the interests of the people who sincerely wish to live in peace and friendship with the people of India they are opposing its implementation. Playing on the religious feelings, some short- sighted politicians are trying to prove that the Tashkent talks were "defeat" for Pakistan. They have gone as far as to organize demonstrations against the Tashkent Declaration. But this only plays into the hands of the opponents of peace in South Asia who in fanning out the Indian-Pakistani contradictions pursue their selfish political ends. ... The road to implementing the Tashkent Declaration is still beset with quite a number of difficulties. But the healthy forces of the Pakistani nation are fully determined to further implement it. They realize that peace, prosperity of the country and the national independence can be strengthened only in conditions of peace, which are secured by the implementation of all the provisions of the document approved in Tashkent by both the Pakistani and the Indian statesmen. UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N,Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL EECOKD)

Press Release SG/1690 L/1551^ 22 March

INDIA REGISTERS TASHK3HT DECLARATION WITH UNITED NATIONS

India today registered the Taahke&t Declaration with .the United Nations. The Declaration was signed in Tashkent in the Soviet Union en 10 January 1966 by the Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan, and witnessed by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. At a brief ceremony in the S'&Spetsi^CMiaeralT s office this afternoon, 'Gopalaswanii Parthasarathi (India) handed a copy of the Tashkent Declaration to the Secretary-General • of the United Nations, U Thant, Ahmed All (Pakistan) and E.N. Makeev (Soviet Union) were present at .the ceremony. Also present were the United Nations Under-Secretaries for Special Political Affairs, Ralph J. Bunche and Jose Rolz -Bennett, the Under-Secretary for Political and Security Council Affairs, Aleksei E. Nestorenko, and the Legal Counsel, Constantin A. Stavropoulos. The Declaration was deposited under Article 102 of the United Nations Charter, which requires "every treaty and every international agreement entered into by any Member of the United Nations" to be "registered with the Secretariat and published by it" ,

of Tashkent Declaration The text of the Tashkent Declaration is as follows: "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan having met. at Tashkent and having discussed the existing relations between India and Pakistan, hereby declare their firm resolve to restore normal and peaceful relations between their countries and to promote understanding and friendly relations between their peoples. They consider the attainment of these objectives of vital .-importance for the welfare of the 600 million people of India and Pakistan. (more) - 2 - Press Release SG/1690 22 March 1966

"The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan agree that both sides will exert all efforts to create good neighbourly relations between India and Pakistan in accordance with the United Nations Charter. They reaffirm their obligation under the Charter not to he.ve recourse to force and to settle their disputes through peaceful means. They considered that the interests of peace in their region and'particularly"in the Indo-Pakistan Sub-Continent and, indeed, the interests of the peoples of India and Pakistan were not served by the continuance of tension between tte two countries. It was against this background that Jammu and Kashmir was discussed, and each of the sides set forth its respective position. II

"The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan h&ve agreed that all armed personnel of the two countries shall be withdrawn not later than 25 February 19&6 to the positions they held prior to 5 August 1965, and both sides shall observe the cease-fire terms on the cease-fire line.

Ill "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that relations between India and Pakistan shall be based on the principle of non- interference in the internal affairs of each other.

IV ' "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that both sides will discourage any propaganda directed against the other country, and will encourage propaganda, which promotes the development of friendly relations between the two countries. V "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that the High Commissioner of India to Pakistan and the High Commissioner of Pakistan to India will return to their posts and that the normal functioning of diplomatic missions of both countries will be restored. Both Governments shall observe the Vienna Convention of 1961 on Diplomatic Intercourse. (more) - 3 - Press Release SG/1690 L/155^ 22 March 1966

VI "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed to consider measures towards the restoration of economic and trade relations, communications, as well as cultural exchanges between India and Pakistan, and to take measures to implement the existing agreements between India and Pakistan.

VII "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that they give instructions to their respective authorities to carry out the repatriation of the prisoners of war.

VIII "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that the sides will continue the discussion of questions relating to the problems of refugees and evictions/illegal immigrations. They also agreed that both sides will create conditions vvhlch will prevent the exodus of people. They further agreed to discuss the return of the property and assets taken over by either side in connection with the conflict.

IX "The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan have agreed that the sides will continue meetings both at the highest and at other levels on matters of direct concern to both countries. Both sides have recognized the need to set up joint Indian-Pakistani bodies which will report to their Govern- ments in order to decide what further steps should be taken.

"The Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan record their feelings of deep appreciation and gratitude to the leaders of the Soviet Union, the Soviet Government and personally to the Chairman of- the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R. for their constructive, friendly and noble part in bringing about the present meeting which has resulted in mutually satisfactory results. They also express to the Government and friendly people of Uzbekistan their sincere thankfulness for their overwhelming reception and generous hospitality, "They invite the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R. to witness this Declaration." „ „„.., ,, 7T ~K*yf~K VT THE NEW YORK TIMES, THURSDAY, MARGH-'24,-l9M;- India Charges Pakistan Destroys Spirit of Tashkent

By J. ANTHONY LUKAS Pakistani position became clear kent, as well as to other friend- Special to Th New York Times at the ministerial meetings held ly countries. NEW DELHI, March 23—In- by the two countries in Rawal- dia voiced growing concern to- pindi, Pakistan's capital, on Pakistan Displays Arms day over alleged Pakistani ef- March 1 and March 20. Special to The New York Times forts to destroy the "spirit of India's delegation to that KARACHI, Pakistan, March Tashkent." meeting, led by Mr. Swaran 23 — In Rawalpindi today, Foreign Minister Swaran Singh, had hoped to make: Pakistan displayed her Commu- Singh told Parliament that the progress on a wide range of nist-made military equipment. Government was deeply dis- matters mentioned in the Tash- While MIG-19 planes flew turbed by recent Pakistani prop- kent agreement. overhead, T-59 tanks were aganda, a'ttaoks on India. However, Pakistan insisted on paraded past President Moham- He said India had1 protested a discussion of the Kashmir med Ayub Khan, who took the to Pakistan against the "delib- issue. India declined and the salute The tanks were Chinese- erate- and sustained vielation of meeting made no progress. made but it was not specified the letter ami spirit of the Stipulated in Pact whether the MIG's came from (Tashkent declaration." Since then, Indian officials China or the Soviet Union. India and Pakistan met at say, there has been a sharp The MIG's were followed by Tashkent, a city in Soviet Cen- increase in propaganda hostile American-made aircraft — T-37 tral Asia, last January and to India within Pakistan, in- jet trainers, B-57 bombers, F-86 agreed to withdraw troops from cluding speeches by President Saber jet fighters and F-104 each other's soil and take other Mohammed Ayub Khan and by Starfighters. steps to improve relations. Foreign Minister Zulfikar Ali An unspecified number of Parts of the Tashkent agree- Bhutto. F-86 Saber jets\also-fffew: '.O.ver' ment, including the troop with- Article IV of the Tashkent Dacca, capital oi drawal provision, have been car- agreement provided that each ried out, but the implementa- Associated Press side agree to discourage tion has recently slowed to a propaganda against the other virtual standstill. Swaran Singh and to encourage propaganda Mr. Swaran Singh's state- that would promote friendly ment was the first by an Indian India feels Pakistan has now relations. leader attributing the stalemate virtually reverted to her pre- In his speech today, Mr. to growin : g Pakistani intrans- Tashkent attitude, basing an Swaran Singh said Pakistan's igence. : improvement in relations on a new. attacks had. come as The statement came on the settlement of the Kashmir dis- something of a surprise because, eve of the visit by Mrs. Indira pute. like India, Pakistan had orig- Gandhi, India's Prime Minister, Pakistan has long demanded inally halted such propaganda to the United States. She is ex- that 'India permit self- after the Tashkent agreement. pected' to urge President John- determination in its region of Officials said India had di- son tq drop his insistence on the Himalayan state, while New rected this violation to the at- Indian7Pakistani amity as a Delhi insists that Kashmir is 'an tention of the Soviet :co4'di;t|b|tfdr:..:fu]l resumption of integral part of India. Union, under whose .auspices '' Officials here say that the India and Pakistan met at Tasli-