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Teaching Cloud Deployment

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Teaching Cloud Deployment Teaching Cloud Deployment HANNAH FARJAMI SIMON AGARTZ NILBRINK KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Abstract In today’s IT-landscape cloud computing is one of the hottest topics. There are many emerging uses and technologies for the cloud. Deployment of applications is one of the main usages of the cloud today. This has led to companies giving developers more responsibilities with deployment. Therefore, there is a need to update educations in computer science by including cloud deployment. For these reasons, this thesis attempts to give a reasonable proposal for how cloud deployment could be taught in a university course. A literature study was conducted to gather information about topics surrounding cloud deployment. These were topics like cloud computing, service models, building techniques and cloud services. Then a case study was conducted on three different cloud services, OpenShift, Cloud Foundry, and Heroku. This was to learn how to deploy. Lastly, two interviews and a survey were conducted with people that have an insight into the subject and could provide reasonable information. Based on our case study, interviews and survey we concluded a reasonable approach to how deployment with cloud services could be taught. It can be taught with a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part could be a lecture introducing Heroku and OpenShift, followed by an assignment where students deploy an application to them. The reasons we recommend Heroku and OpenShift is for Heroku’s simple and fast deployment and OpenShift for being more educative. We also realized that cloud deployment would work best as a stand-alone course. Because during the degree project it became clear how broad cloud deployment is. Keywords: cloud computing, Platform-as-a-Service, cloud deployment, cloud services, Heroku, Cloud Foundry, OpenShift, education. Abstract I dagens IT-miljö är molnet ett av de hetaste ämnena. Det finns många nya användningsområden och teknologier för molnet. Driftsättning av applikationer är ett av de viktigaste användningsområdena av molnet idag. Detta har lett till att företag ger utvecklare mer ansvar vid driftsättning. Därför är det nödvändigt att förändra utbildningar i datorvetenskap genom att inkludera driftsättning i molnmiljö. Av dessa skäl försöker denna avhandling ge ett rimligt förslag på hur driftsättning i molnmiljö kan läras ut på ett universitet. En litteraturstudie genomfördes för att samla information om ämnen som berör driftsättning i molnmiljö. Dessa var ämnen som molnet, servicemodeller, byggtekniker och molntjänster. Sedan genomfördes en fallstudie på tre olika molntjänster, OpenShift, Cloud Foundry och Heroku. Detta var för att lära sig hur man driftsätter. Slutligen genomfördes två intervjuer och en undersökning med personer som har insikt i ämnet och som kan ge rimlig information. Baserat på vår fallstudie, intervjuer och undersökning drog vi en slutsats för ett rimligt tillvägagångssätt för hur driftsättning i molnmiljö kunde läras ut. Det kan undervisas med en teoretisk och praktisk del. Den teoretiska delen kan vara en föreläsning som introducerar Heroku och OpenShift, följt av en uppgift där studenter driftsätter en applikation till dem. Anledningarna till att vi rekommenderar Heroku och OpenShift är för Heroku’s enkla och snabba driftsättning och OpenShift för att den är mycket mer lärorik. Vi insåg också att driftsättning i molnmiljö skulle fungera bäst som en fristående kurs. Eftersom det under examensprojektet blev klart hur brett driftsättning i molnmiljö är. Nyckelord: Molntjänster, driftsättning, molnet, plattform-som-en-tjänst Heroku, Cloud Foundry, OpenShift, utbildning. Acknowledgments Special thanks to Leif Lindbäck and Fadil Galjic at KTH that gave us valuable insight and guidance when writing this thesis. Also, a big thanks to those who participated in our interviews and survey. Table of Content 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Problem............................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Goal ..................................................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Benefits, Ethics and Sustainability .......................................................................... 2 1.6 Methodology / Methods .............................................................................................. 2 1.7 Delimitations .................................................................................................................. 3 1.8 Outline ............................................................................................................................... 3 2 Cloud Technologies ................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Cloud Computing – ”The Cloud” ................................................................................ 5 2.1.1 Definition ................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Architecture .............................................................................................................................. 5 2.1.3 Service models ......................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Building Techniques..................................................................................................... 7 2.2.1 Virtualization ........................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Containerization ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 Buildpacks ................................................................................................................................. 8 2.2.4 Virtual machines vs. Containers ....................................................................................... 8 2.2.5 Containers vs. Buildpacks ................................................................................................... 9 2.2.6 Orchestration ........................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Cloud services ............................................................................................................... 10 2.3.1 Heroku ......................................................................................................................................10 2.3.2 Cloud Foundry .......................................................................................................................13 2.3.3 OpenShift .................................................................................................................................16 2.4 Related Works .............................................................................................................. 18 3 Methods and Methodologies ............................................................................... 19 3.1 Research strategy ........................................................................................................ 19 3.1.1 Quantitative and qualitative methods .........................................................................19 3.1.2 Inductive, deductive and abductive methods ...........................................................19 3.1.3 Case Study ...............................................................................................................................20 3.1.4 Interview ..................................................................................................................................20 3.1.5 Survey........................................................................................................................................20 3.1.6 Adopted methods .................................................................................................................21 3.2 Research process ......................................................................................................... 21 3.2.1 Research process model ....................................................................................................21 3.3 Data collection .............................................................................................................. 24 3.3.1 Literature Study ....................................................................................................................24 3.3.2 Case Study Observations ...................................................................................................24 3.3.3 Interview ..................................................................................................................................25 3.3.4 Survey........................................................................................................................................25 3.4 Evaluating differences between cloud services ..............................................
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