Profile of Lessons Learnt from Nargis Recovery for the Next Disaster •The 2nd largest International Recovery Forum (2011) • Home for over 100 12, JAN 2011, Kobe, Japan country in ASEAN national races. with total area of

261,228 sq miles. • Population; 59.13

millions with annual • Neighboring growth rate of 2.02. Presented by; countries: India, Mr. Soe Htwe, Deputy Director General, , China, Relief and Resettlement Department, • Sparsely populated Laos PDR, Union of Myanmar with 77 per sq Thailand kilometer.

Hazard Risk Profile Impact of Annual disaster outbreaks Nargis recorded as the worst natural in Myanmar are fire and disaster in the history of Myanmar flood. Severely affected 2.4millions The 2004 Indian Ocean  Death toll 84,537 Tsunami was the first Tsunami experience. Missing 53,836  School 3,912 Cyclone Nargis struck Myanmar on 2nd May, 2008.  Health facility 630  Economic damaged USD 4 billion It is the most devastating and tremendous natural disaster in the history of Myanmar.

Affected areas are 3 Regions and 2 States.

1/13/2011 3

Coordination Mechanism on Recovery and Rehabilitation in Nargis National Mechanism for Nargis Recovery Programme (2008) *comprised of three representatives each from ASEAN, UN & GoUM • National Disaster Preparedness Central Committee *organized 11 Clusters for the restoration of the lives of victims *48 INGOs and NGOs actively participated in the recovery activities • National Disaster Preparedness Management Working Committee • Ten Sub-Committees • Government of Myanmar + ASEAN + UN organizations (TCG Coordination Mechanism) • Formation of 11 clusters ( Education, Health, Water and Sanitation, etc.) • Cooperation with 48 INGOs in Recovery Operation • Post-Nargis Joint Assessment (PONJA) • Coordination and Collaboration are under Post-Nargis Recovery and Preparedness Plan (PONREPP) for Long Term Preparedness

1 Lessons Learnt from Recovery • Formation of TCG is an ideal one among the nations and very effective for the implementation of relief and Post Nargis recovery. • Coordination and cooperation among the Government, ASEAN, UN Agencies and INGOs was carried out smoothly through TCG. • The rehabilitation and reconstruction tasks are being implemented in the storm-hit regions with the aim of “Build-Back-Better” so the communities in the storm-hit areas enjoy better living conditions than previously. • CBDRM is actually important as the community is always the prime responder in the disaster out-break and they will ensure effective preparedness and a more rapid response driven by local knowledge, customs, requirements and solutions. • The active involvement of private sector and the entire people is critical for the success of emergency relief. • The humanitarian aids are complementary for the Government’s rehabilitation projects. 7

Lessons Learnt from Recovery • The devastating impacts of Cyclone Nargis on the environment and livelihood basis of local communities have increased people’s vulnerability to future natural hazards.

• Deforestation and forest degradation as a result of Nargis,

• Salinization of groundwater and agricultural lands, and the loss of property pose major challenges to recovery efforts.

• Loss of income from natural resources as well as building materials for shelter signify that capacities of local communities to cope with and respond to the cyclone’s impacts are significantly compromised, which makes them more vulnerable to future disasters.

• The essential relief aids for the victims are foods and shelters

• As soon as the emergency assistances have been provided, the restoration of the livelihood of the communities plays in a vital role.

• Counseling and encouragement for the victims should be made9 effectively.

Improvement from Lessons Learnt Improvement from Lessons Learnt • The promulgation of Standing Order for the efficient Disaster Management • Institutional arrangement for the Departmental commitment of DRR in all sectors • In order to reduce the impacts of future disaster, Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction (MAPDRR) has been drawn and implemented • For ttehe back gr oun d sstuatoituation of ttehe coun tr y; past aadnd ppesetresent natur al disaster outbreaks; Hazard profile of Myanmar being developed • Public awareness programmes ( publishing and distributing of IEC materials, TOTs, Disaster Management Courses at the States & Regions , workshops ) and capacity building for local Government officials. • Educative Talks on DRR for the local communities

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2 Improvement from Lessons Learnt ContCont--

• Updating the Early Warning Dissemination Techniques Conduction of TOTs & DMCs • Under-processing of the development of Building Codes for the vulnerable community • More cooperation and collaboration with international and regional disaster management organizations • Cyclone shelters for multiple purposes; school-cum; hospital-cum shelters, hillocks and road net-work projects for effective evacuation in emergency period • Continuing the implementation of HFA • Implementation of MAPDRR • Mainstream DRR in every sector (especially in national development programme) • Emergency disaster preparedness plan( State/Regional , township/ village tract level)

The Track of GIRI cyclone • Cyclone GIRI hit Myanmaron22and23 October 2010 • Category 4 cyclone • Emergency stage with brown colour • Wind speed 120 miles per hour • Affected areas are Pauktaw, Myaybon, Ann, Minbya, and in Western part of Myanmar 15 15 15 • 35 Dead tolls & missing 10

The Track of GIRI cyclone Comparison of Nargis and GIRI Nargis Cyclone GIRI Cyclone • Category (3) • Category (4) Tropical Cyclone • Wind speed from 120 miles to 150miles • Wind speed round about 120 miles per hour with heavy rain per hour with heavy rain • Accompanied by high tidal waves • Accompanied by tidal waves in some • Last about two days areas • Caused tremendous losses of lives and • Last about two days damages • Left very much less in losses of lives • Due to lowland areas and no place to than Nargis but with serious damages hide for the victims • Having high hills and mounds • Lack of communities' awareness and everywhere to hide and protect against lack of care on the early warning strong winds and heavy rains disseminations by National Authorities. • Communities having a lot of • Lack of disaster-resistant infrastructures. experiences as almost 90%of cyclones always strike before • Based on the Nargis lessons, peoples are highly- aware of preparedness • Lack of resilient infrastructures

3 Bird- view of the GIRI-hit Areas Emergency Situation of Cyclone GIRI

Emergency Situation of Cyclone GIRI

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6 Emergency Disaster Relief Aids in GIRI affected Areas

Thank You

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