THE JOURNAL OF THE SIA~I SOCIETY Natural History Supplement.
Vol. XI. , No. 2 BANGKOK 1938.
THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM.
By D. lVL NoEL-D Avm::;oN, F. n. E. s. AND J. J. M ACBETH.
Since hi s " Revised List of Siamese Butterflies" in th e J ournal of the Siam Society, Natural History Supplement vo l. VII, Godfrey published a " Supplementary List" in VIII as well as a list of " But terflies from Peninsular Siam." Since then Mr. Macbeth and myself have taken further new material, and in the British Muse um I have discovered a few speci mens of old dates which are not included in Godfrey's lists. A further Supplementary Li st would still more involve the searcher in difficulties of records from this country, and so, to simplify matters as much as possible, I have compounded all old and new records which, together with alterations in certain generic and specific names in Godfrey's works due to the findings of recent research, are tabulated below. In the case of new records I have follow ed Godfrey's system, with.th e exception of reference under each species to Seitz' Macro lepidoptera of the World, which I have dropped as such reference merely repeats what may be found in Seitz' index, if Seitz is to hand, and is of little interest if it is unavailable. The present list brings the number of speci es, subspeci es and forms to a total of 904. Seeing that further records are to be expected from the future, this li st · must not be considered in any way exhaustive. 68 Journal Sic~m Society, Ncdural Histo1·y Suppl. Vol. XI.
P APILIONIDAE.
Papilio clytia janus Ft•ub. Mentioned by Fruhstorfer (Seitz' Macrolep. IX, p. 43) as from Siam, but by Godfrey (Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl. VII, p. 210) as not having been met with by him. Me Chang Forest, Lampang, N. Siam; Paknampoh, C. Siam (Davidson); Sriracha, S. E. Siam (lVIcwbeth).
Papilio clytia dissitnillinta E vans. Sriracha, S. E. Siam (111acbeth).
Papilio pat•adoxa telcat•cltus He"·. This must now be added to the list. It is clear that Godfrey made a mistake in putting f. danisepc~ Feld. in his 1930 li st, as it was not until the following year that Macbeth obtained the first specimen at Hupbon, Sriracha. P. parcdoxa telear chns Hew. is fairly common in different parts of the country, and it was this that Godfrey had found and misnamed. f. clanisepa has so far not yet been obtained in Siam outside Sriracha, so that all places mentioned in 1930 li st must be understood as referring to P. pc~rc~cloxa telearcht&s Hew.
Pa(lilio chaon duccnarius Frub.
Papilio chaon cl ·tw ena?·i~&s Fruhstorfer, Ent. Zeitschr. Stuttg. 1908, p. 73. Sriracha, S. E. Siam (Macbeth). Distribution: 'L'enasserim; S. E. Siam.
Pa)tilio IDCIDIIOD ~ -f'. alcanot• CI"Uill. Papilio c&lcanor Cramer; Pap. Exot. 2, p. 107 This tailed form is uncommon, two specimens only having been met with in Siam to date: Me Htam Forest, Lampang. N. Siam; Paknampoh, C. Siam (Davidson). Distribution: Formosa; China; N. Siam; Tenasserim; Burma; N. India.
Papilio )tolyctot• ;;anesa Donbld. Papilio ganescG Doubleday, Gray Zool. Mise. 1842, p. 73. No. 2, 1938. D AVIDSON & MACBETH : The Butterflies of Siam, 69
Godfrey has treated ganesc~ as synonymous with trit~mpha t or, quoting Evans. The foll owing record of Macbeth is of interest in this regard : " Recently four specimens of Pc(pil·io polycto?' tritLmphcdor , all cousttLnt in markings, have been obtained in the Chiengsen district, N. Siam, which upon comparison with a Papilio gc~n esc~ taken by me at Khao Sabap, Chantahoon, S. E. Siam, in March 1933, makes it clear that they are dif ferent species and are not :;ynonymous as is :;tated by Evans in his 'Identificatiou of India n Butterflies', and as is quoted by Godfrey. " Distribtdiun : Sikkim ; N. Burma ; Siam.
Paa•ilio Jtolyctoa· stockleyi 'l'alhot. P apilio polyctor stockleyi 'ralbot, Entom. :March 1936. A description of this new ssp. will be of interest. The follow ing is taken from the original : Upperside : Forewing black, very li ghtly dusted with green scales ; two cream-coloured patches 10 mm. in length, one on each side of the submedian near the tornus. Hindwing black, lightly dusted with blue and green scales ; a small blue patch in interspace 6 extending into interspace 7 as far as the dis cocellular but not entering cell and 11 ot reaching submarginal lunules; a row of submarginal lunules, the fi rst two blue and the other five pmple li11 ed with blue. Underside : Does not differ from sign·ificans except that the white marginal lunule:; are more strongly marked. Appears to be nearest to s:;p. signijicans Fruh., but is charact erised by the cream-coloured stripes on the forewing and by the very small blue patch on the hindwing. The holotype is a o caught by Col. C. H. Stockley at Melamoung, W. Siam, at a height of 2000 ft. Distr ibut·ion : W. Siam ; Dawnas.
PaJlilio doson )n·ae8tabililil Fa·uh.
P c~pi l ·io prcwstabilis Fruhstorfer, Ent. Zeitschr. Stuttg. 1909 p. 209. This dry-season form is common all over N. Siam .( Dc~vids on ) . 70 Jo ~~rnal Siam Society , Nc~ tural History Suppl. Vol. XI.
Distri b~~tion: S. E. China; Annam ; Siam, Tenasserim ; Burma ; N. India.
Papilio rnacaa•eus indicus Rothl!l. Papilio indicus Rothschild, Nov. Zool. 2, p. 457. polynices de Niceville is a synonym. Me Haht Forest, Lampoon, N. Siam (Dcwidson). Distribution: Sikkim; N. Siam.
PIERIDAE.
Delial!l bypat•ete indica Wall.
D e lic~s in clicc~ Wall ace, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4, p. 351. Paknam pho ( Dcwiclson ). ssp. in cl i cc~ =c i r i s, Fruh., but the latter name is untenable, the type specim en agreeing with the description of the earlier m dica Wall. Distr i b~di on: Tonkin; Cochin-China ; Siam.
Delins tbysbe thysbe Ca•nan. Delias thysbe Cramer, Pap. Exot. iii. rralbot writes in The Entomologist 69, March, 1936: This species was .· aid to come from China, but no specimens have since been recorded from there. The type probably came from Tonkin, as specim ens there agree with Cramer's figure, especially in the white anal area of the hindwing above. A specimen taken at Chantaboon by Mr. Macbeth is the same. Distribution : Tonkin ; S. E. Siam.
Prionet•is cleanenthe Doubl. Prioneris clementhe Doubleday, Ann. N at. Hist. 17, p. 23. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (l l{acbeth ). Distr i b ~d i on : Sikkim ; Assam ; Siam.
Ho)tltina natlina ;;unbu Wall.
H~~ph ina c~mb c~ Wallace, 'l'rans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4, p. 340. N. Siam : Prayao; Me Soi Forest, Chaa Hom (Dcwiclson). A dry-season form , rare and local. No. 2, 1938. DAVIDSON & MACBETH: The Butterflies of Siam. 71
Distribtdion : Sikkim ; Burma; Siam ; Annam ; Tonkin ; Hainan.
Ixias ve1•na anna1nitica F••uh. Ixias pyren e anna?niti ccL Fruhstorfer, Seitz, Macrolep. ix, p. 158. Quite common inN. Siam (Davidson). Dist?·ibtdion : Annam ; N. Siam.
Catopsiliu c•·ocule alcUlene (C••a•n). Catopsilia croccLle 0 -f. alcmen e Fruhstorfer, Seitz' Macrolep. ix. p. 162. Lampang, N. Siam (Davidson).
Catop8ilia JlOIItona ltibu•ia Cr~un. CatopsilicL hila?·i cL Cramer, Pap. Exot. iv. N. Siam: Prayao ; Lampang (Dcwiclson).
Pa••el'onia JleJ•sidelil ~-f' . lh•illa F•·nb. PcL?·e?·oni cL livillcL Fruh, Soc. Ent. 1903, p. 72. Lampang, N. Siam (Davidson ). livilla is one of the dimorphic ~ -forms of pe?·ci des, and shows ochreous shading in the basal areas. Distributi on: Tonkin ; Siam ; Malaya.
SATYRIDAE.
E••ites •nedtn•a falcipennis Wood-JUa111on. Erites ?neclum falcipennis Wood-Mason, Marsh. u. de Nic. Butt. Ind. (I) p. 237. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (llfacbeth).
LeOae JDekal'a go)utka F••uh. Lethe m elcam gopalca Fruhstorfer , Seitz Macrolep. IX p. 320. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon. S. E. Siam (Macbeth). Distributi on: Malaya; S. E. Siam.
:Uelantis pbetlhna ns"•ina Ft·ub. Melcmti s pheclima cLswincL Fl'llhstorfer, Ent. Zeitschr. Stuttg. (1909) p. 80. 72 Journal Siam Soc'iety, Natural History Suppl. Vol. XI.
Koon Tarn, N. Siam (Davidson). Distribution : Tonkin ; Annam ; Tenasserim ; Siam. ssp. ga1wpcdi has no apical red, nor spot on the upperside of the forewing, and is the rains form. ssp. aswina is the dry-season form and has red-bro\vn border ing on the underside of the hind wing.
Elynauias Jtatna stictica FI"uii. Elymnias patnn sticticct Fruhstorfer, Iris (1901) p. 271. Khao Sabab, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (Mucbeth). Dist?·ibtdion: Tonkin; S. E. Siam. Anent this Tal bot writes in " The Entomologist " vol. LXIX March .36: " There are 3 Si! Si! of this Tonkin race in the British Museum. The Siam male, taken by Mr. Macbeth, differs from these in the shorter and narrower blue streak on the forewing, and the white spots on ·both wings ar e reduced to dots. The specimen is best treated as sticticn until it can be comp:1red with the Ton kin 0 , or until a ~ is available from Siam." tnynnainlil layt•e•••nnesta·a beah•ice Ft•tlla . Kltao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Sia m (Mncbeth). Distribtdion : Mal ay Peninsulu.; S. E. Siam.
AMATHUSIIDAE.
Uisco)tlaoa•a tullia intlica Stntul. Discophm·u, indica Staudinger, Exot. Tagf. i. p. 190. Me Htam Forest, Lampang, N. Siam (Davidson). Dist?·ibtdion: India; N. Siam.
NYMPHALIDAE.
Et·golls uael'ione Inet•ione Ca·a•n. E?·golis merione Cramer, Pap. Exot. 2, p. 76. Nun forest, N. Siam; Paknampho, C. Siam (Dcwiclson). No. 2, 1938. D AVIDSON & MACBETH : 1'he Butte?:flies of S ia?n. 73
Ch•rocht•oa enaalea •·nvana lUoot•e. Oirroch?·oa m vana Moore, Cat. Lep. F. I. C. i, p. 150. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (Macbeth) ; Malaya.
Cetbosia biblil!l tisatncna Ft·ub. CethosicL tisamLena Frubstorfer , Seitz' Macrolep. ix, p. 499. N. Siam: Doi 8 utep, Chiengmai ; Nan Forest ; Koon 'rarn (Davidson).
Pt•ecis le111onias nenat•ia F•·uh. P1·ecis aenar icL Fruhstorfer, Seitz' .Macrolep. ix, p. 520. N. Siam: Me Htam Forest, Lam pang ; .M e Tum Forest, Prayao (Davidson).
Pt•eeis ot•ithya uaagna E,·ans. P1·ecis orithya magnn Evans, Id. Ind. Butt. N. Siam: Me Tum Forest, Prayao; .M e Chang, Lampang ( Daviclson ).
P;t•••anaeis caJ•(Jui Linn. Py?YLmeis cardui Linnaeus, Faun. Suec. p. 276. Koon Tarn, N. Siam (Davidson ).
HYJ•olhrnuul •nisippus <:;1-f'. htat•in Ct•a•n. 'rhis was found unlabell ed in Godfrey's coll ection, and there was nothing to indicate from what part of the country it came. This form is distinguished by the white apical band being absent. Very rare. Dist?·ib'l.Ltion : Burma ; Siam.
Doleseballia bis althle uaet•guinua Evans. Doleschnllia biscLlticle me1·gu inn a Evans, Id. Ind. Butt. (2). Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (Macbeth).
])oleselaallia bisaltide eontinentalis Ft•ula. DoleschallicL cont inentalis F ruhstorfer, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. 44, p. 27 9. N. Siam : Me Htam Forest, Lam pang ; Me Tum Forest, Prayao (Dcwiclson). Distributi on: Sikkim ; Assam; Tenasserim ; Siam ; Tonkin, 74 Jou1•nal Siam Society, Natural History S~£ppl . Vol. XI.
Dolesclaallia bis ulticle pt•atipa Feld.
Dol e sc ha ll ic~ pratipa FP-lder, Wien. Ent. Mon. 6, p. 399. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (lYia,cbeth). D ist?·i b~Ltion: Malay Peninsula;· S. E. Siam. ssp. pra tipc~ is distinctive from siwrnensis in that the latter lacks the distingui shing white zig-zag stripes in the cell of the underside of the for·ewing, and t he t hree white spots near the base of the underside of the hindwing.
Kallhna inaclaus inaclnts Doiscl. K allim,a inachus Boisduval, Cuv. Reg. Anim. Ins. (2) 'faf. 139. N. Siam : Chaa Ho m ; Koon Tarn ( Daviclson ). D·ist?·ibution: Kashmir ; Burma; Siam ; Ton kin ; S. China.
Ralaindu laot•doniu plugiosu lUoot·e.
Rahinclc~ plagiosa Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1878, p. 830. Me Htn.m F orest, Lampang, N. Siam (Daviclson). Dis tri b~dion: India; Tenasserim ; l\1 alabar ; Siam ; Met·gui Archipelago; Annam ; Ton kin.
NeJ•til!l la~· la s ucet•ides Ft•ula. N eptis cwericles Fruhstorfer, Ent. Zeitschr. Guben. 1907, p. 160. Koon Tam , N. Siam (Daviclson). Distribution: H ong Kong; Ton kin ; Annam ; Siam.
Net•tis nuta leueo)toros Fruit. Neptis leucoporos Fruhstorfe1·, Stett. Zg. 69, p. 312. Doi Sutep, Chiengmai, N. Siam (Dcwiclson). Distribt£tion : Tonkin ; N. Siam.
Panto)tot·ia s eleno)tltot•a Jatiflaseia TaUt. Pcmtoporia selenophora latifascia Talbot, Entom. 69, March 1956. Describing this Talbot writes: Fruhstorfer treatR the specimens from Burma, Karen Hills, Shan States, Siam and Tonkin as one race under the name 9ahulc£ l\foore, The type of this name is a ~ from Silhet ; it No. 2, 1938. D AVIDSON & MACBETH : The Butte? jlies of Siam. 75
sinks to selenopho?·a Koll. A new name is required for the race indicated. The 0 upperside with larger white subapical spots and wider disca,l bands than is usual in the nominotypica,l specimens. UnderAide markings as above, a,nd in n.ddition the submarginal ba,nd on the hindwin g usually more prominent. ~. Burma, specim ens in the British Museum do not appear distinct from Sikkim specimens, though Burma o o resemble the Siam ones. 'l'his race is only slightly differentiated. The Siam specimens in the British Museum cori.1prise two o o and 1 ~ collected by Mn:jor Stockley, and t wo o o by Mr. Macbeth.
Eutlaalia f"••anciae a•uja Feld. E u thnlia rajn F elder, Wien. Ent. Mon. 3, p. 397. Doi Pui , N. Siam (Macbeth). Distribution : Assam ; N. Siam.
Eutlanlia .ia•na Feld. Eu thctlin .iamct Felder, ReiAe Novara, Lep. p. 431. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (Macbeth). Distribution: AsRam ; Siam.
Etn"iltU!ll hnlitlaea•l!l e s nuas tor F••nl•. E u?·ipus rmctsto?· Fruhstod er, Iris, 16, p. 28. N. Siam: Lampang; Doi Sutep, Chiengmai (Davidson). Dist?·ibu tion : Further India ; Indo-China ; Siam.
Pa·otlaoe f'••nnckii v ihna Fa•ula. Prothoe vilnut Fruhstorfer, Iris 14, p. 340. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (il1cwbeth) ; Melamoung, W. Siam (Stoclcley). ssp. vilma differs from ssp. cmgelica in the band of the forewing being broader and bein g less broadly border ed with blue on the outside. Distribtttion: Siam ; Malaya. 76 Journal Siam Society, Ncd~wal History s~~ppl. Vol. XL
Dicltot•ragia neshnaclnas nesitnachus Boi!!ltl. D·icho1·ragia nesimcwhus Boisduval, Cnv. Reg. Anim. Ins. 2. Koon Tarn, N. Siam (Davidson)" Distribution : Kulu to Assam; Burma; Siam; 'l'onkin.
Stibocltiona nicea subucula F•·ult.
Stiboch'ionn s~~bucula Fruhstorfer, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. 42, p. 329. Doi Sutep, Chiengmai, N. Siam (Dav·iclson). Distribtdion : Tenasserim; Karen Hills; N. Siam.
E••iboea jalysus ephebus F••uh. Eriboea jalysus ephebus Fruhstorfer, Seitz' lVIacrolep. ix, p. 722. 8. E. Siam: Sriracha (J.Yfacbeth)); N. Siam: Lampang; Koon Tarn; Me 1'um Forest, Prayao (Dcwiclson). Distrib~dion: Tonkin; Siam.
Certai11 notes by Tabbot regarding the following four species m " The Entomologist" vol. 69, pp. 56 to 57 are of interest:
Euthalia jahnn jalanidelil F•·•d•. This race was described from Tonkin, and also occurs in Siam according to FrnhHtorfer. The 0 and 2 5;2 5;2 horn Chantaboon (Macbeth) are dark, with the 5;2 showing the strong white scaling on for· ewing above. The British Museum serie;; shows a dark and light form in both sexes, which may be seasonal.
Entlaulia adonia beata F•·ula., o
1'he type of this race is a 5;2 and the o has apparentl;y not been described. n differs from all other known races of c~c lonia in the absence of the small white spots on both sides of the f01·ewing. In one specim en the two subapical dots in cellules 6 & 8 are still present. The f01·ewing above is less darkened. than in montana Fruh. from Borneo, from which it differs also on the hinclwing in the lllnch narrower band of discal spots and scarcely darkened proximal area. Underside of hind,ving with the r eel cliscal spots small er than in 11W??ia.na, and the No.2, 1938. D AV IDSON & MACBETH : 1'he Btdterfl:ies of Siam. 77
bluish green anal area reduced to a narrow submarginal band reaching to about vein 4. The d' neallotype from N. Siam: Me Haht Forest, 4. iii. 34; also a second but worn specimen taken at the sa111 e place on lO.iii. H4. Both coll ected by D. M. Davidson.
Claat·ax es Jtolyxena agraa ltloot·e. Specim ens of this race from Burma show much variation in size and markings. The specim ens in the Siam series taken by Macbeth appear to be of smaller size, but similar examples occur in the Burma series, there is also a similarity in the variations in markings.
Entlaalia kesava dil!lcil!il()ilota ltloot·e.
'l'he type of this race is a ~ . It is distinguished by the nar rower discal band of the fo rewing; the edges of this band are onl y sli ghtly dentate, and rar ely marked with white, the band being a little paler brown than the proximal area. A whitish di scal spot in cell ul e 3 and another in 6 are usually pro minent ; and sometim es smaller brownish spots in ~ . 4 & 5. The ci does not appear to differ from typical lcescwa, except that it usun, ll y shows on the for evv ing a small but prominent white spot at the base of cellule 3; this is rarely seen in the nominotypical fonn. In the British Museum from Lower Burma anrl Siam. 0 0 ~ ~ (G ael f rey n, nd Stockley ), o d' (111 acbeth ).
ERYCINIDAE.
Zenaerol!il tle~;oHllil allicn a·. Jtulhal!il 'J'albot. Ze?ne?·os .flegyas all·icn f. pullus Talbot, En tom. 69, p. 58. Talbot's description reads as follows: The name c~llicn Fab1·. was founded upon the wet-season form. The dry form differs in the less defin ed marking abo ve, and duller colonration. 't' he two 'vhite subapical spots on the forewing are largel' on both sides. The post-rliscal band on the hindwing below is indistinct, the spots forming it being 78 J ou1•ncd Siam, Society, N cduml H i story Suppl. .Vol. XI.
brown like the rest of the wing, and not blackish-brown as in the wet form. Described from Siam specimens. N. Siam ; Doi Sutep, Chi engmai; 27. xii. 1933, 1 o (Davidson) (type). W. Siam Upper Meklong, 1500 ft., 13. i. 1924, 2 0 0 , 1 !jl (Stoclcley).
·"lti!iiaJ•a eche••ius angulata i11oo••e . Abi.snm angulnta 1\foore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1878, p. 833. N. Siam: Lampang ; Me Tum Forest, Prayao (Dcwid.son).
AbisaJ•a kausanabi puionea F••nh.
Abisc~1·a lca1&sambe paionea Fruhstorfer, Seitz' Macrolep. ix, p. 782. Koon 'fam, N. Siam (Dcwidson). Distrib1dion: Burma ; Karen Hills; N. Siam. Abisa•·a neo)tln•on claelina Frula. Abisam chelina Fruhstorfer, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. 48, p. 283. N. Siam: · Me Htam Forest, Lampang ; Doi Sutep, Chiengmai, ( Da1Jidson ). Distri b?.&ti on : Mal::Lya; Siam.
N. B. Do clon c~ clizJoea dipoea Hew., which appettrs on p. 326 of J ourn. Siam. Soc. N at. Hist. Suppl. viii, is here dropped, the specim ens, 1 0 , 1 Q taken by Macbeth on Doi Angkah, N. Siam, thus nam ed by Goclfrey having- since been identified by Ril ey as Doclonc~ cleoclc~tc~ cleoclatc& Hew.
L YCAENIDAE.
PORI1'l1NAE.
Pcn•itia erycinoitles elsiei E,·ans. Po1·itia erycinoicles elsiei Evans, Id. Incl. Butt. (2), p. 209. Me Senn, Me Htam Forest, Lampang, N. Siam (Davidson). Distrib1di on: Assam ; N. Shan States; Siam. Shniskilu1 laarteJ•tii (Doh.). Poritia hartertii Doherty, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 58, (2), p. 128, No. 2, 1938. D AV IDi:iON & 1'11Ac.BE'l'H : The ButtcrjUes of S iL~m , 79
l\Ie Htam Fore::;t, Lampang, N. Siam (Dav·idson ). Distributi on : Assam ; Siam.
L YCAEXJNAE.
Zize•·a kal"s nndJ"a JUoot·e.
Z izerc~ lc c~rsc~n clrc~ Moore, Proc. Zoo!. Soc. Lond. 1865, p. 505. Me Htam F or c::;t, Lampang, N. Siam (Dav idson).
Niphanda c ytnbin t e s s ellata ~Ioo•· e .
Niphandc~ te sse llat e~ Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud. 1874, p. 572. Me Htam For e::;t, Lampang, N. Siam (Dcwiclson ).
Heliopho•·us bt•alnna 1nog;oka E''lUts .
H eliopho?'1"s b1·c~ hmc~ mogo lc c~ Evans. Doi Pui, N. Siam (lllcwbeth). D is tri b1~t ·i on: Burma; Siam.
THECLJNAE. ll"nota •·ochana Hor101t·. Iraota r ochcma Horsfi eld, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C. p. 108. Kbao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (Macbeth).
.>\.lllblyJlOllia alax Ennts .
A mblypoLl ic~ c~ lax Evan::;, Id. Ind. Butt. (2), p. 268. l\.[e Htam Forest, Lampang, N. Siam (Dc~viclson) . de Nicevjlle descri bed both 0 & (;1 cdemon; Evans subsequently showed the (;1 to be a distinct species, naming it alc~x. Dist?·ibution : Manipur ; Dawnas ; N. Siam.
AntblyJ»Otlia etnnoiJtltu!!l ltelleno•·e Doh.
A 1nblypo clic~ hellenore Doherty, J ourn. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 58 (2), p. 422. Koon Tarn, N. Siam ( Dcwidson) . Distribtdi on: Assam ; 'l1avoy ; N. Siam.
S)Jindasis lohita hilnalayaua (itioo•·e). Aphnaeus himalayana Moore, J ourn. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 53, (2), p. 26. 80 Jm&Tnt&l S ic&m ?:Jociety, Ncdt&m l H istm·y St~ppl. Vol. Xf.
N. Siam: Nan ; Prayao (Dcwidson). Dist?·ibution : Sikkim; N. Bmma ; N. Siam.
SJlindas is lolaita luzubu·ia (iUoo••e).
Aphnaeus lazulnT it~ Moore, Lep. Ceyl. 1, p. 107 . .M e Btam, Forest, Lampang, N. Siam (Dcwidson).
Spindasis vixinr;a david•oni 'l'alb.
Spiclasis vixing c~ daviclsoni 'L'albot, Entom. 69, p. f59 (1936). In the description 'l'albot writes : The ,; of this extremely rare species does not appear to have been described. Hewitson's type, iu the British Museum, is a ~ . The three specimens recorded by de Niceville as h-iendloayrii were stated to be fem[l,les. The single c3' now in the British Museum was presented by Brigadi er vV. H. Evans, and is la belled "Snmatra". I am also indebted to Brigadier Evans for making a close examination of the specimen with the micros cope and for the determination of the sex. U pperside forewing with the discal spot reduced to an obscure line on the cross-vein. Hind·wing as in the ~ . Underside markings as in the ~ , but smaller and with darker red-brown ground-colour. On both wings the darker red brown of the outer marginal area contrasts with the paler proximal area. Fringes fuscous as in the ~ . Length of forewing 17 n1. m.; expanse 37 m.m. Habitat. Sum atra. ssp. davidsoni, Talbot. ~. Upper side of for·ewing with the creamy-white discal spot rounded and much larger than in typical vixinga; this spot is placed on the cross-vein and the great er part of it lies out side the cell Hindwing at the anal angle with a small rufous spot only, not a patch, the lobe edged with black, continued as a black marginal line, which thins out and reaches vein 6. Underside differs from the nominotypical form in several de tails. The rufous proximal a. reas contrast with creamy-buff No. 2, 1938. D AV J D~::>o~ & l\lAcBETH: '1'/w Butte?:fl·ies of .S ·it~?n . 81
discal areas, and the spot t> are larger, rounded and snow white without gloss, excepting some metallic scaling on the costal and submarginal Hpots. Forewing with a uarrow brown marg inal band , which is thinly edged with black on the inner side, this edging Leing in tenupted to forlll 5 bl ack dots and 1narks. Hindwiug between vein l b and 7 with a black
post-discal line £onued o£ sp o t t~, which are small in cellules l c, 2 & 3, large e1 nd square in 4 and 5, in 6 small aud mostly overlaid by a metallic silvery S]Jot ; th e spots in 4 & 5 are distally bordered with brown, t he whole representing the brown patch t~een in the nominotypical form. The distal marginal area is pale buf[ A small black sub-marginal spot in 6; a row of fo m sub-marginal thiu black .·e mi-lunate marks ; an oblong bl ack sub-marginal spot in l c ; a £ne white ante-marginal line, and a bl ack marginal line of the same width ; anal lobe black. 'l'he transverse line from the inner
margin to vein 2 i t~ metallic bluish-white; the space in lc between this line and t he black spot is tilled in with rufous, and between this and the inner margin the distal area is pale buff. Fringes of both wings white, aud on the underside with the proximal half pale brown. Length o£ fo rewing 22. 5 m.m. ; expanse 49 m.m. Habitat : N. Siam; Prayao, 10, iii. 1933, 1 ~ (DaV'idson).
Setnanga supel"ba s hune Ja s is Talbot.
Semunga cn~p erba siamensis 'l'albot, Entom, 69, p. 58, (193 6). Talbot describes ssp. sic~mensis as follows : This species was known previously from Borneo (typical), Sumatra, Java and Banggai, and has been taken by H. lVI. Pendlebmy and Brig. W. H. Evans in the Malay Peninsula and the Mergui Island s. A male and three females taken by Evans in Malaya are in the British Museum . In the British Museum there are also a fe male labelled " Singapore" and a female labelled " India"; both these agree with the female labelled "Sumatra." There is also a female labelled " Java," 82 Jm&rnal Siam Society, Ncdural History Suppl. Vol. XI.
and Druce's type from Borneo, which is al::;o a female. The Siam ones difl:'er quite distinctly from those noted above. 0 . 'This sex is extremely rare, but we are able to compare it with the Malaya male noted above. Forewing with the blue a little more extended than in the Borneo female, but to a, less extent than in the Sumatra female, it.s edge straight from vein 2 to the inner ma.rgin, the black margin here being 2mm. in width. In the Malaya male the blue is much more extended and is much darker. A rounded patch of darker blue forms a sex-patch, which occupies the outer two-thirds of the cell, and extends a little below the cell and into cellule 2. In the Malaya male this patch is rather less distinct. Hindwing with less blue than in the Malaya male, and with wider dark borders. The dark costal area reaches the fold in cellule 5, and includes the upper part of the cell. 'rhe yel low-brown submarginal spots placed on the edge of the blue area are much larger than in the females noted, or in the Malaya male; there are 4 spots in cellules 3-6, the one in 5 larger than the others, and the one in 6 placed close to the margm. 'l'he 3 posterior yellow-brown spots are as large as in the females noted, and as conspicuous as the anterior spots. Underside very similar to the Malaya o in colour and mark ings; there is no difference which can be described. ~. Upperside of the forewing resembles that of the 0 , but is without the sex-patch. Hindwing as in the o , but the blue area is absent from the lower edge of the cell, and the yellow-brown spots are still more conspicuous, forming, also an edging to the blue as far as the anal spot. Underside as in o. Length of fm·ewing: o 15 mm. , ~ 16.5 mm. Expanse : o 32 mm., o 35 mm. Habitat: Siam. Type 0 from North Siam: Koon Tarn, 9. v. 1933 (Dcwidson). Allotype ~ from Chantaboon, S. E. Siam, February, 1934 (llfacbeth). Also a second 0 from Koon Tarn, 30. iii. 1933 (Dcwidson). ERRATUM.
p. 82, line !) fl'om bottom. 0 Rh ould h e~.
No. 2, 1938. DAVIDSON & :M.AcBETH: The Butterflies of Siam. 83
Ho•·nga n•ouhneina lUoore. Homgct nw1d rne·in a Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Land. 1883, p. 525. Paknampho, C. Siam (Daviclson). Distribution: Sikkim ; Burma; N. Siam.
C;unenn ctel!iia a;;alla F•·ult. Carnena agctlla Frnhstorfer, Bed. Ent. Zeitschr. 56, p. 207. Doi Sutep, Chiengmai, N. Siam (Dav·iclson ).
PrufnJla blauca nlinturna (Frub.).
Ua?nenct nvinturnct Fruhstorfer, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. 56, p. 207. Me Htam Forest, Lampang, N. Siam (Dcwiclson).
Deudorix l•ypaa·gya·ia Elnre s . De1uclorio; hypcwgyria Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. Land. 1892, p. 643. Koon 'l'arn, N. Siam ( Daviclson ). Distr·ib1dion: Karen Hills; N. Siam.
Rapala kessu111a deliocllus H e n •. R apcda cleliuchus Hewitson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Loncl. 1874, p. 352. Me Chang Forest, Lampang, N. Siam (Dcwiclson ).
Rupula nlss a recti"itta Jt.loore .
R apala rectivitta Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Loncl. 187 9, p. 141. Koon Tarn, N. Siam ( Dcwiclson ). Synonyms are: subp1urp1urea Leech, ranclct Swinhoe and tacoln Fabricius. Distribution : Sikkirn ; Assam ; N. Siam. lt.lontoides liciniul!l (D••uce). Th1·ix licinius Fabricius. Koon 'l'arn, N. Siam (Daviclson). Distribution: Karens; S. Burma; N. Siam. 84 Journcd Sic~m Society, Natum l History Suppl. Vol. XI.
HESPERIIDAE.
Recent exhaustive researches in the British Musem by Bri· gadier W. H. Evans have brought about certain changes in the nomenclature of genera, species and subspecies of many Hespel'ids. Tho::;e changes, together with notes of interest mostly taken from 'l'he Entomologi st, vols. 67 & 68, and necessary corrigenda of Godfrey's naming, are given below. Where alterations have been made, the new, correct naming 'vill be followed by a number in brackets thus: (No. 563), which ·will refer to Godfrey's number in his work on " A revised List of Siamese Butterfli es " in the Journal of the Siam s'ociety, Natural History Supplement, vol. vii.
Sub-Family COELIADINAE (olim ISMENIINAE).
Hemming has found that Ismene, Swainson (1820), is pre occupied and so must be replaced by Bm·aro, Swinhoe (1893), and that ISMENIINAE must be replaced by COELIADINAE as Coelia des (1818: African) now becomes the first-described valid generic name in the sub-family.
· Geims Bura r · c~, Swinhoe. ( = Ismene, Swainson). Ba•·a••a oediJtodea athena (F•·uh.). , -(No. 563a). (No. 563b). " " oetlipodea (Sn·ains.). (No. 564b). " jaina ·~a•·;;ana (Fruh.). JlUrJnarea (Ril. & GOtlf'.). (No. 565). " harisu asa1nblaa (Fruit.). (No. 566). " UIUUI'U (ltiOOI'e,). (No. 567). " , . lalita (Fruh.), described as I smene l c~l i t c~ Fruhstorfer, 1911, Iris, p. 61. Me Haht Forest, Lan1poon, N. Siam (Daviclson). Distribut·ion: W. Sumatra; Si f!o m.
B ~~mra j win r. ~ jain c~ (Moore) is being dropped from .the list as being the North Indian race, the Siam one being purpu1·ea Ril. & God£. No. 2, 1938. DAviDsoN & MACB~TH: The B1.ttterjl1;es of Siam. 85
Genus Bibctsis, Moore.
A critical examination • uf the structure has shewn that 1nah-inthct Moore belongs to Bibasis and not to Burara.
Bibasis Inahintlaa (~looa·e). (No. 562).
Genus Choaspes, Moore.
Evans is of opinion that No. 569, Choctspes (Rhopctlowmpta) s?..tb caudctta (benja?ninii) crctwf?..wd·i (Dist.), might prove to be benja n~inii japon·iua Murray, or plcdeni st·igmctta Evans.
Choasttel!l subeaudata era,vt"ua·di (Dist.) . (No. 569)~
. Sub-family PYRGIN AE.
Genus Cap·ilu, Moore.
It is considered that the genera Cctll·ictnct, Moore (1878), Crossttm, de Nic. (1892), Orthophaetus, Watson (1895), should all be sunk to Capila, Moore (1865). 'l'he genitalia are all of a similar pattern, and there are no real structural differences apart from secondary sexual characters.
Cattila Jlhanaeus lalita (Doh.). (No. 571). Capila :flora (Evans), described as Orthopuetus phunaeus f lortt Evails; Id. Ind: Butt. Lampang ; Koon rram; Me Haht Forest, Lampoon, N. Siam: ( Dav iclson ). Distri bution : Burma ; Siam. ·
Genus Tctgiacles, Hiibner.
C~rtain important changes in nomenclature have been found necessary : The name gancL ·was first introduced by Moore (1857) and the lG.cality. given as : Java,. but .no description- was furnished. In 1865 Moore described ganct from Bengal, and the name has hitherto b ee~ considered to apply to the large form occurring in Sikkim and 86 Journal Siam Society, Natural Histo1·y Suppl. Vol. XI. figured in Lep. Ind. as ganc~ . Moore's type is in the British Museum and is labelled" Bengal," and there are two eo-types from Java; they agree with his description. From an examination of the type specimen in comparison with the large material available in the British Museum it is clear that. a mistake has occurred in the locality, which is certainly Java and not Sikkim. It is also clear that true gcma is not the species referred to and figured in Lep. Ind. as such, but is con-specific with obsc·nrus Mabille, (1876), and cdicc~ Moore, (1877), of both of which the British Museum has the types, and gana becomes t.he specific name. The oldest for the large Sikkim species is pc~rm Fruh., (1910 Iris 24, p. 7.).
Tagia(les pat•t•a Fruh. (No. 581).
Tc~giades pc~rm Fruhstorfer, 1910 Iris, 24, J:l· 7. Dist?·ibt~tion: Sikkim to Malaya; Siam; Cambodia; Java; Palawan. It is considered that the name atticus Fabricius (1793), must be abandoned. Butler (1870) assigned a British Museum specimen from Nepal to attict~s but it has been lost. Moore (1881) described as atticus from Ceylon the species called l·itigiosa by Moschler (1878). Aurivillius (1897) stated that the type of attictLS resembles mvi. Moore (1865), but has a brown underside ( = ~dc~nus Plotz, 1885), and it did not agree with Fabricius' description, wherein a subhyaline hindwing is specified, such as occurs in no oriental species. Fruh storfer (1910), followed by Seitz (1926), rejected the name as the description was unrecognisible, and they are considered to have been right. Swinhoe (1912), followed by Evans (1926 & 1932), considered c~tticus to be rcwi. The nomino-typical form is considered to be jc~petus Cramer (1782), for the species dealt with as attict~s by Swinhoe and Evans.
Tagia(les japetus utanus Plotz. (No. 580a). '.l'agiades japetus khasiana lUoot•e. (No. 580b). Genus Spialia Swinhoe, takes the place of Hesperia, Fah-
l'lClUS.
Spialiu gnlba (Fnb.). (No. 605). No. 2, 1938. DAVIDSON' & MACBETH: 'l'he Butterflies of Siam. 87
Sub-family Hesperiinae. The 'l'ARAOTROOERA. Group.
This name is introduced for a group of genera m the sub family hitherto known as PAMPHILINAE, but which in future must be known as HESPERIINAE, since, as pointed out by Lindsey (1925, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. p. 89), the type of Hesperia, Fab., is comma Linn. ']'he group is a compact one, consisting of species with non-hyaline ochreous markings distinguished by the primitive form of th·e gen italia, the uncus being quite simple and the clasp undivided ; through out the Hesperiidae generally the clasp is more or less divided, one part over-lapping the other. The group seems to be con:fined to the Indo-Australian region and consists of the following eleven genera, those with which Siam is concerned being marked thus :* * Genus Taractrocera, Butler. Ocybadistes, Heron. Suniana, Evans. Oriens, Evans. Potanthus, Moore. * " Arrhenes, Mabille. Telicota, Moore. * Cephrenes, W aterh. & Lyell. ~obrona , Evans. Sabera, Swinhoe. Mimene, Joicey & Talbot.
Genus Oriens, Evans.
Ol'ienl!l gola •·ajag-J•ilaa (F••nh.). No. (668).
Genus Potanthus Moore.
As a result of determinations arrived at between American Museums and the British Museum (see Evans, Stylops. 4 (5), 1935, pp. 100-101), the generic name Paclrcwna (1881) must change to Potantht~s (1872), genotype Hespe?·ia omaha. Edwards (1863, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 2, p. 21). • 88 Journal Siam Society, .Natural Hi story Suppl. Vol. XI.
The specific names : om aJw, Edw. (1863) 1·eplaces maesoides, Butl. (1877). mingo , Edw. (1866) replaces n itida, Mab. (1878). ccd ifornicct, Scud. (1866). replaces akctr, Mab. (1883). 1.'hese three specimens are not American, aR hitherto supposed, bnt Oriental, their names bearing no relation to their localitieR. 0?7v.thct type comes from Malacca. ?mngo , the Philippines. cctlifo?·nica Potunthus is a genus where convergent development has resulted in the production o£ numerous similar species, readily sep arable by the differences in the uncus, but with an almost identical £acies. An examination o£ the vast material at the British Museum · has rendered it necessary to correct in several instances the revision given by Evans (1932, Id. Ind. Butt.).
Potantlans a·ectiras ciata a•ectif'aliiciatn (l~ hv. & Etlw. ). N.o. (669). 'L'he uncus slopes to a broadly blunt end. Distr ibution : N. E. India ; Burma; Siam. Potantlaus onaaha (Etln' .) . (No. 670). liiea•ina (Piotz). (No. 671). sunias tlnl!llata (Fa·ula). (No. 672). " mingo (Etlw.). (No. 673). " .. , a,jax (Evans ), described as P ctdrcwnct nitida ajax Evans, Id. Incl . Butt. (2), p. 404. Lampang, N. Siam (Davidson). Distribution : Burma; Siam.
Potantlau!il )tallitln Jlallitla (Evans). Padraona pallicla pallida Evans, Id. Ind. Butt. (2), p. 403. Lampang & Koon Tarn, N. Siam (Davidson).
Potantlaus palnia palnia (E,,ans). • Pctd?·a ona palnia palnict Evans, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc . No. 2, 1938. DAVIDSON & l\1ACBETH: The Butterflies of Siam. 89
1914, p. 509. Me Tum Forest, Prayao, N. Siam (Davidson).
Potnntlnu1 t••nclaaln ino (Evans). Pad1·aona tmchala ino Evans, Id. Ind. Butt. (2), p. 402. Me Htam Forest, Lampang; Koon Tarn; N. Siam (Dav·iclson).
Potnntllus Juno (Evaul!l). P adrcwna .funo Evans, Id. Ind. Butt. (2), p. 402. Khao Sabap, Chantaboon, S. E. Siam (Macbeth). Distribution: Burma ; Siam; Malaya; Formosa.
Genus Telicotct, Moore.
Telicota augias rt1&gias is the form flying from Sumatra to the Phjlippines, Celebes and Tirnor. Tel ·icot~~, nug'ias colon ll~ay be taken as the form flying from India to Malaya.
'l'elicota au::;ias colon Fab (No. 675). Ianka Ianka E'•ans, described as " Telicota lanlca lctnkn Evan~:>, Id. Ind. Butt. (2), p. 405. lanlca is inseparable superficially from ba,mbusae, but the clasp has a shoulder at the back set at right angles to it, whilst that of bambttsae is set at an acute angle.
'l'elicota banabusac J•a•nbusae !Uoore. (No. 676). , kref'tii lnutg 'l'elicotct lcreftii btunga Evans, En tom. 67, 1934, p. 208. Paknampho, C. Siam; Koon 'rarn, N. Siam (Drwidson). 'l'elicota fo•••nosana F••nla. Telicota jo1·mosana Fruhstorfer, 1911, Iris p. 29. Me Htam Forest, Lampang, N. Siam (Davidson). formosana has a crested clasp; is similar in size and general appearance to bambusa.e, but is much darker, due· to dark basal . uffusion and narrower markings. It is figured by Seitz, Macrolep. ix, as pythias, 90 J ou?·nal Sic~m Society, Ncdu?·al History Suppl. Vol. XI. Genus Cephrenes, Waterh. & Lyell. Cepln•enol!l ttahna••tnu auahnai'UIII (~loo••e). (No. 677). pal?J1, a, ?''l..~?n has tridentate end to uncus. Genus Ochlodes, Moore. The generic name Ochlodes replaces A1..~giades because the type of Augiades has been shown by Lindsey (1925) to be c?·enisus, Stoll, a very different insect in the Py1·ginae. Ochlotlel!l l!lha (JUoor). · (No. 678). Genus Halpe, l\1oore. Halpe zola Evans. Halpe zola Evans, Entom. 70, p. 38. Holotype and al)otype from Tavoy. In arranging the British Museum series Evans found that inS. Burma particularly there seem ed to be two forms of zemn Hew., one with a narrow band below, as in O?'?nenes Plotz, another with a broad band as in zem.a from Sikkim, but constantly smaller. An ex~.mination of the genitalia of a number of specimens revealed two very distinct species, one (zenw) with the end of the clasp ~patulate and the other (zola) tapering with a small central spine. Halpe o?•menes proved to be the narrow-banded form and a race of ze?na. On the hindwing below the band iR as broad aR in zema. The !i! has a spot in space 1 b of the fOL·ewing above, which is absent zemc~. rrhe British Museum has specimens of zo lc~ from Burma, Siam and Sumatra. The GEGENES Group. The distinguishing features of this group are as follows : (1) The stout erect palpal second segment, flattened and appressed to the face with the third segment in continuation, also erect. (2) 1'he stout antennal club with the abrupt apiculus formed from well beyond the middle at right angles, short, finely pointed and turned up at the tip. No. 2, 1938. DAVIDSON & lVIACBETH: The Butte?jlies of Siam. 91 (3) The cornpara,tively long forewing cell, which is more or less acutely produced at the upper end." Vein 2 arises nearer to the lower end of the cell than to the base. There is usually a >vell marked diagonal veinlet from the origin of vein 3 towards the middle of the cell. (4) The upturned lower end of the hindwing cell, and the origin of vein 7 is nearer to the base than to the origin of vein 2. (5) The compound clasp of the genitalia. The species belonging to the group have hitherto been assign ed to the genera Gegenes, Bcwris (including Chapra, Pa?'?W?'a, Poly t?·emis) and !ten. But on the diagnosis given above p?·usias Feld, and its allies (kuehni Plotz and hm·c1.~les Mabille), which are usually placed in Cephrenes, must be transferred to the Gegenes group. The group is divisible into two sub-groups based on the antennae : A. Ba01·is sub-group: Antennae equal to half eosta; club gradually formed. B. Gegenes sub-group : Antennae less than hal£ costa; club ovoid. Of the first sub-group the following are from Siam : a. Iton, distinguished by the peculiar form of uncus, ending in two very long widely separated points, and the facies. b. Baoris ( = Caltoris, Swinhoe, and Milena, Evans). c. PolytremiR, distinguished by the broad-ended uncus, usuall y provided with side horns, and the prominent hindwing spots. To the second sub-group belong : a. Pelopidas, Walker, 1870, (genotype midea Walker, a synonym of thrax Hubner.) an older name for Chapra, Moore (1881). Distinguished by the undivided uncus and the triangular head of larvae. b. Parnara ·with an undivided uncus and an aberrant pupa. (see Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hiat. Soc. 11 ; 45, 54 & 79). Genus Baoris, Moore. This genus as restricted above comprises the following sub groups: 92 Journal Sia1n Society, Natural Histo1·y Suppl. Vol. XI. (1) Oceia sub-group. The uncus seen from the side is broad ©nded. Males have a recumbent hair-tuft on the hindwing above, overlapping a scent-patch in the cell and correlated with a polished grey dorsal area on the forewing below containing an oval brand. (2) Cahira sub-group ( = Caltoris Swinhoe; genotype kumara, lVIoore; and Milena Evans; genotype plebeiu de Nic.). Differs only in lacking the secondary sexual characters of the previous sub-group. brunnea, Snellen, has a discal stigma on the for·ewing above and plebeia de Nic, has an uptumecl dorsal brush on the forewing below. C. Philippina suu-group. Uncus ending in 11 baud from which there emerge two wid ely separated sharp points. D. Conjuncta sub-group : uncus slender, without horns at the back Those in the Oceia sub-group with which we are interested are: Baot•is Cnrt•i fiu•t•i ltloore. (No. 681). Baoris fctrri lVIoore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1878, p. 688. Me Haht Forest, Lampoon, N. Siam (Davidson). Dist?·ibtdion : S. India; Sikkim to Burma; Andamans ; Siam; Tonkin; Hongkong; Malay Peninsula; Sumatra: Nias; .Java. Baoris un·icolor Chapmcmi Evans, 1937, Entom. p. 38. DistribtLtion : Burma; Siam. On the for·ewing above the cell-spots are vestigial, the spots in spaces 2 & 3 are prominent, those in space 4 and at the apex are vestigial. In the Cahira sub-group are: Daoris brunuea caet•e de Nic. (No. 682). Baoris ccwre de Niceville, 1891, .Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. 6, p. 388. Distribution: Assam to Sumatra; Siam. Godfrey's Bcwris brunnea changes to Baoris brunnea were as the ssp. of. the former is the from .Java, Borneo. Pulo Laut and Lombok, No.. 2, 1938. DAVIDSON & MACBETH : The Butte?:flies of Siam. 93 BaoJ•is cnlah•a ca••ua Evaus. Bcwris c ah in~ cc~?· na Evans, 1932, Id. Incl. Butt. 2, p. 413. The British .!Vl m;eum has 1 o and 4 !11 !11 from Siam. Dist?·ibution : Lower Burma; Siam ; Yunnan ; H ainan and Malaya. Godfrey's Bao?·is cahin~ ?VI.rwcma Plotz constitutes some r1ifficulty. In t he absence of those specimens thus identified by him , it is impossible to say cor rectly what they may be. But ssp. nir•wana Plotz = ssp. m·unnea Snellen, which is the form, as shown above, flying from .Java to Lombok , whilst ssp. cam·e de Nicevill e, iR from Sia. m. He has, however , r ecorded bot h brunnen and ni?·wctnn, so t hey n. re certainly different ssps. at the least. H e has called them different sps., making n·irwana a ssp. of cahira. Seeing that nirwnnn is incon ect, t he probable ssp. is carnc~ Evans, and the other is being dropped from the list. (No. 685b). Baoris si 1· i 1~s sir ·i~~s Evans, J 926, Journ. Bomb, Nat. Hist. Soc. 26, p. 633. D istri b~d i. on : Burma ; Siam. Bam·is cah-im tenuis Evans, Id Jnd. Butt. (2), p. 413. Lampang, N. Siam (Davidson). Dist?·ibution : Burma ; Siam. Baorilil Jlagnu a (clc Nic.). B aOJ•ifil tulsi tulsi (de Nic.). (No. 687). Bao••is coruaasa tHe"'. ). BaoJ•is ku•uara JtiooJ•e. Baoris lcumctrc~ JVIoore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud. 1878, p. 687. Koon Tarn, N. Siam (Davidson). Distribution : Sikkim to Ceylon ; Siam ; Java ; Borneo; Sumatra ; Formosa. 9.4 Jou?·nal Sian'LSociety, N atural History Suppl. VoL XI. Genus Polytremis, Mabille. Polyt••end!ii eltoln (He·"'.). (No. 688). contigun (iliab.). (No. 689). " Genus P elopidas, Walker. This genus fall s into two parts : A. Mathias part, in which the males have a discal stigma on the forewing above. B. Cinnara part, in which the males have no stigma. A. contains the following specieR, ,-.;rhich are not easy to diRtinguish without an examination of the genitalia. In the ventral aRpect of the uncus the tips are close together in P. ?nathicts and wide apart in P. a,gna. Pelopitlal!i 111athias Jnat.hial!l (Fab.). (No. 683). There are generally two well-marked seasonal forms, that of the dry season being ssp. ?nathias ( = c onscmg ~~ini s Plotz, and jlexilis Swinhoe), and that of the wet-season being ssp. jt~li anus Latreille ( = e ll c~ and non do c~ Pl otz). Pelo(litlal!i agna ngna ltloo••e. Prlopidas ayna Moore, 1865, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 791. This iR very like the wet-season form of ?ncdkias; it is larger, forewing 18 mm. , more pointed ; discal spots on forewing narrow and oblique; hind wing above usually unmarked ; hindwing below overlaid ochreous green scales, usually only with spots in spaces 2, 3 & 6. It has synonyms b a lc~rama Plotz, and n i as icc~ Fruh. Dist?·ibtdion: Ceylon ; India; Burma; Siam; China ; Hong Kong; Formsa; Malaya ; Philippines ; Celebes. In the Ph i li'[!pinc~ sub-group there are no species from Siam. In the Conjuncta sub-group are: Pelopida!ii conjuncta con,juncta 1-1.-Schaf'. Pelopiclas conj1.m ctct H.-Schaf, 1869, Corr. Blat. Regensburg, 23, p. 195. Distri b'l.ttiO?'I. ·: N. India ; to Tiroor & Philippines, N" o. 2, 1933. DAVIDSON & MACBETI-I: 'Phe Buttm:flies of S.iam. 95 PeloJ»idas assaanensis ('V-JU. & de Nic.). (No. 727). B. 'l'his group is r eadi ly recognisible by the facies of its speCJ es. PelOJlidas cinnaJ•a cinnaa·a " 'all. (No. "691). Pelopiclas cinnam Wallace, 1866, Proc. Zoo]. Soc. Lond. p. 361. Synonyms are : colacct Moore, scdurcda vVood -.Mason and de Niceville, ttrejus and sar1.mct Plotz. Dist?·ibution : India; Siam; N. China; to Australia and the Solo mons. Pelo)lidas bevani be,·aui (ltioo1•e). (No. 692). Genus Pctrnara, l\f.oore. Parna•·a bada bada (ilioo1•e ). (No. 690). bacla is now a species, formed upon Evans examination of the genitalia. The inner face of the clasp of gtdtatus is nearly straight, whilst that of baclcL is highly convex. bctcla Yery closely resembles guttatus ctpostatct; the spots on the hindwing below are small, irregular and well separted frmn one another, and there is usually a spot in space 6 and in the cell . Synonyms are: quinigerct Moore, ha·inamts Moore, philino Moschler, intermeclia, clctenclali and vaiktt Plotz, Philotas de Niceville (an aberration). The typical from is well figured in Lep. Incl. Distribution: Ceylon; India; S. China; Japan; Burma; Siam; Malaya; The Phillipines and Celebes. Godfrey's No. 690, Bcwris gtuttatus bacla (Moore), is consider ed unl.ikely to be a guttcttus ssp. on account of locality, which points to sp. bacla, to which it is accorded. • 96 Jo ~&rnc&l Siwn Society, Natural History S~&pp l. Vol. XI. INDEX to all GENERA named in Godfrey's first and supplementary li sts, including those r ecorded in the pr e~;;e nt article. Specific and si.lb specific names are not indexed separately, but are given under the genenc names. New species ewe noc&?'ked by un aster·isk. P AP I LIONIDAE . Papilio helena. cerberus F eld. '* Papilio clyti>Ldi ssimillima Evam;. ae::tcus praecox Fntb. ~t:- pamdoxa t elearchus H ew. " " thomsoni Bat es. paradoxa. tele>1l'Chus f. " " sycomx Grose-Smit h. danisepa But l. " aidoneus Doubl. lllcLL adeva ~Iom·e . " " varumLas torion W estw. castor meb;tl a GJ:Ose- " " VtLl'Una W hite. Smith. " " za.l eucus H ew. dernoleus malayanus " " adamsoni Grose-8mith. w,~n. " pbiloxen us pol yeuctes dernolion demolion Cram. " " Do ubi. noblei de Nic. " da::>aradrL bara.ta Roths. nephelus s::tturnus Guer. " " hos Ril. & Godf. chaon chtLOll V{estw. " " neptunus neptunu:; Guel'. ducena1·im; Fruh. " * " " , coon doubledayi W a.ll. , helenus helenu:; Linn. ., cLristolochiae aristolochitte , iswal'cL iswara White . F Pa.pilio rhetenor rhetenor W estw. Papilio ~arpedon sarpedon Linn. ~- , leucocelis J ord. closon axion Field. " " elepheno1· elephenm· praestabili,; Fruh. " * " " Do ubi. emypylm; cberonus Fruh. " polyctor trium phator bathycles eh iron Wall. " " F1·uh. , batbycloides Honrath. " ,, ga.nesa Doubl. agttmemnon agamemnon * " " stockleyi Talbot. * " " Linn. p;u·is paris Linn. ;trycles arycleoicles Frub. " " arctun1s a1·cturus W estw. nmcareus iudochinensi::; " " palimu·us pttli nLu·us Farb. " Fmh. agetes agetes vV estw. inclicus Roths. " " " nomius swinboei Mom·e. xenocles kephisos Fmh. " " ttristeus hermocratesFielcl. , lindos Fruh. " " antiphn.tes pompiliu,;Fabr. leucothoe leucothoe " " gy~ts gyas W estw. Westw. " aribbas Fruh. cl elesse1·ti del esserti Guer. " " " p;tyeni langonensis Fruh. megal'\ls similis La.thy. " " cloanthus cloanthu,; Leptocircus cm·ius cm·ius (Fttbr.J. " Westw. meges virescens But!. " PIERIDAE. Lepto::;ia xiphia xiphi Appi:ts lycincb ltippoide:; Moore. Crttopsila scylht sidra Fl'llh. , vasava. F1·uh. Terias libytbe Eu ploen mnlnyica mn.l:t.yic:t Euploea mulciber mulciber ( ButJ.) . (Urn.m. ). mode;;tn mode::;ta But!. mazares leder8l·i Feld. " " c:: tmm:alzaman But]. corns rln1eei ~1 oore. " " core circuita S\l"inb. leuco::; tictos leucogonys " " godarti Luc. " (But!.). h yardi I l1·uce. " " m · : ~ontoba t es ]!'rub. " ( ~1 o01·e). :Ll cathoe a e ~ti:t Fnth. deje:mi " " " montico]n, 0 " " ( ~] OOl'e) Moultou. cm ~:; :1 cn~o ssa Butl. " deione lim bol'gi Fruh. cliocl eti:tn us cliocl etian u;-; " " menetriesi F ehl. " " ( fi'ab.). cluhesne h:Ll'l'isi Feld. : ~o egyp t n s ButJ. " " SATY I:UDAE. :':id'l'YHINAE. Ypthimn. huehne1·i ]( irby. *Lethe mekara gopak:t Frult. :tv:mtn. a.vauta 1\Ioo1e . clMndica flanon:L .Fruh. " " methorn. sobrin:t L ew. verma sintica Fruh. " " & Eclw. muirbeacli bhima. (Ma.rsh.). " b:ddus b:ddus (Fab.). N eorina lowi neopbytn Fruh. " wn.t ::;oni (1\ioore). hilcb V\7 estw. " " dohel'tyi (M om·e). An: ~o d e bi ::; himncb:dn (;)J oOL·e). " ,;avnnt ::; : ~ovn.rn . H. G. diad en wicl es " " Sruith. clia.demoicles (l\ioore) . Erite · m·gentin>t But !. batmara Fruh. " Uoelites nothis notbi,; Boi,;d. " medurn. fnlcipeunis epiminthi:t epiminthi:t " " W oorLi~'la ::;o n. W estw. Lethe rohrin. rohria (Fabr.). lYi ycnlesis n.napita Mom·e. euro1 a nilachnn. Fruh. mnasicl es permt Fruh. " " ,. confusa gamban L F1·uh. perseus per seus ( Fab.). " minervn, tritogeneia, Fl'ult. mineu::; tuinew; (Liuu.). " " kn.nsa (Moore). m:w1·omnln. yamt " " " vinclhya (Felcl.). F1·uh. " melmm zucharn. Fnth. perseoid es (Mom·e). " " lOO J ournal Siam Society , Ncduml History Suppl. Vol. XI. Mycalesis visala.u eovisala Fruh. Myca l es i ~ mysta. tuniculn. Ft·ub . , lepcha (Moore). oroatis H ew. " mamerta annamitica sur kha .Marsh. " " " Fruh. , ustulata Dist. " malsara f. rudis Moore. Mandarinia regalis barone8a Fruh. " gotama chakant ) [oor E'. Or :;otriaena medus (Fab.) . " fnscum fuscum (l!'eld.). Hagadia crisild11. critolaus de Nic. " ,. ot·seis nautilus But l. critolin ELYMNIINAE. Elymnias dara daedalion de Nic. Elymnias hypermnestra discre- ., patna patna (We:tw.) . pans Dist. ioi: stictica Fr uh . beatrice " " * " " hypermnestra violett A MATHUSIIDAE. A MATHUS IINAE. Faunis arcesilaus arcesilaus Xant botftenia busiris busiris (Fab.) . Westw. entnus incerta (Staud. ). " Sticbophtbalmia louisa si 8tiehophth:tlmia camhodif.t edith". Zeuxidia. amethy8tus rn:tHOlll Ril. & Godf. Moore. goG!freyi Roths. amethystus " " " A.ma,thusia phidippus adustatu:;: But.l. Fruh. aurelius aurelius " ,. e h e r~ia ~ ( Cr~t m.) . " Fruh. dou bledn.yi cbersonesia. " nmythaon H.mytbaon Fruh. " (Doubl.). 'l'haumantis diOl'es diores Doubl. dil ucidn. lucipor vVestw. " " " (Hom.). odn.na pishun;t Fruh. " DISCOPHOIUIN AE. Discophorn. 'tuiJi,, Y.aJ vV estw. Enispe euth;vm im; euthymius f. ., indica St Ergo lis m·ia.dne aria.due ( J oh:11ls.). Cynthia. erota. erotella .Hut!. , pallidior Fruh. Ducapa fasciata fasciatn. (Feld.) . " met·ione pharis Fruh. , , f.-flavo- " " merione C1:am. b1·unnea (Grose-Smith). " isaeus isaeus vV all. Cil'l'oclU'oa tyche mithiln. Moore. " Laringa. hor. fieldi gl:t.ucescens rotundn.t:t Butl. " " de Nic. a01·is olivacea de Nic. " ca.stelnaui cttstelnaui surya siamensis Fruh. " " (Feld.). ema.len. mnrtini Fruh. Pseudergolis wedah (Koll.). '~ emalea rn.vn.na ~ioore. " P enthema dal'lisa melema Hil. orissn, ol'issn, Feld. " & Godf. chione Ril. & Godf. " , binghami mimetica Lathy. 'l'et·inos terpander intermedin. Cupba erymanthis !otis (Sulz.). Gotlf. Atella pbalantba phalantha. robertsia But!. " " (Dr my). clat·issa. fn.lcata Fruh. " ,tJcippe alcippoides Mo01·e. clarissa Boise!. " " " Issoria. s inh>~ . sinha. (Koll. ). CethosiH. biblis pemkana Fruh. Cynthin. erota erota (Fab.). ,. tissamenn. Fruh. " 102 Jot~r?u~l Siam Society , Nc~tum l Histo1· y Stt1Jp l. Vol. XI. Cethosia cyane eun.nthes Frub. K>tliima in ~tchu s sirtmen::;is Fmh. methypsea methypsea. limb01·gi ~'lo OJ·e, " " " Butl. CyrestiR pe1·ia.nder perianclel' A rgynnis hyperbius hypet·bius (Fah:.). (Johans.). cocles cocles (Fabr.). " Precis iphita iphita, (Cnt.m. ). niven, nivalis F eld. " , , hors:fi eldi :Moore. thyocl:Lmn,::; thyochnms " , atlites at lite · ( J oh:ms. ). Boif; d. :.tlmana, :.tlm:.tna (Linn.). Chersonesia ri ~ n . 1·is Neptis colnm ella. JTI[l,rtahn.nfl. Pm·thenos sylvia gnmbrisius f.-alesi~-1 F1·nh. (Fab.). sa.nkam quilta. Swinh. lilacinus But!. " " " vira.ja viraja Moore. N eurosigmn. donbleda.yi doubled- " mian noh.n fl. D1·uce. nyi (Westw.). " ebusa fuliginosa 1'-f om ·e. Enthalia pelea pel ea (F:tb.). " n.njnnn hy1·i fl. Fruh. lepidea lepicl en. (But!.). " " nnt1t leucopoms Fnth. cignn.tn. Moore. * " " " Pn.ntopm:ifl. pravil.m indosinica julii julii (Boug.). " Fruh. odilina Fruh. " " perius (Linn.). cocytus cocytus " (Fah.) . asura (Moore). godaJ·ti ;~solm F eld . " " iclita (Mom·e). flora florn. Bnt.I. " " ln.rymna sifl.mensi;; macla.yi Dist. " " " Ft·uh. , snla.ngan n. Fn1h. " kanwa kanwn. , andersoni Mo01·e. " " (Moore). , cocytina pnsedn Mo01·e. reta. moorei Fn1b. ·t- jahnu jahnides Fruh. " " mnga obsolesccns ~!:- kesava. discispilotn " " Fnil1. Moo re nbiasa c!eJ·ica, Butl. roonina grahnmi " " opal in a ol'ien ta,lis " Ril. & Godf. L ew. , garmh ::t.pama Fruh. selenoph01·:J. se! eno eriphyle eriphyle de Nic. " " phom ( Koll.). cbuh Fruh. " " :tmhn.l'infl. Fl'nh. , a nosia (Moore). " " ln.tifn.sciil. Tnlb. , phemius phemius " " " zct·oca zer ocn. (:Moo re). (Doubl.). , gil.h.esns F l'nh. lubentinn. indica Fruh. " " cn.mn. c;uun. (Mo01·e). chel'sonesia Fruh. " " " nefte a.sita (Moore). , 1udonin , siamic:t " Liminitis rl am xa clfl.mxa. ~'foore. Ril. & Godf. cludu W estw. ~:: n. donia beata Fruh. " " , pr oCJ ·is proCl·is (Cm m.) . tenta teut.1. (Doubl. ). " Pn.nditn sinope sinope :Mo01·e. hell n. tn guptn de N ic. " Le bad ea martba martha (Ffl.b.). goocll'ichi Fruh. " " n.lan kam mn.ln.ynnn. Fn1 h. l'ect.:L monilis Moor e. " " 104 Journcd 8-i.a,m Society, Natural History Suppl. Vol. XI. Eutha.lin. evelinfl, a.nnn.mitica *Dischonagifl, nesimachus .M.oore. nesimachus Boisd . , vn llona Fruh. '~Rtibochion a nicea subuculn, Fruh. " dunyn, dnnya Doubl. Eriboea athamas samatha Moore. " franciae raja Feld. arja (Feld.). * " " * jama Feld. ,, hebe chersonesus Fruh. " schreiberi assa.mensis Adoli::ts dirtea jadeitin>1 Frub. " , , dirtea (Fn.b. ). Roths. & Jonl. cyanip::trdus n,lbopnnctn,ta. jalysus jalysus Feld. " " Crow. ephebus Fruh. * " " Apatnm p::trisa.tis sin,mensis Fruh. endamippus nigrobasn,lis " ambica miranda Frnh. (Lathy). " Sephisa, chandra chandrn. (Moore). nepenthes nepenthes " Eulaceum asteria osterin. (Grose-Smith). (Westw.). dolon grandis " Hestina nama namn. Doubl. ( Roths. & J ore!.) . C::tlinagn. sucb.ss:tna Mel v. rlelphis clelphis (Doubl.). " buddha :walokita :Frnh. Uhn.m.xef< fa.bius sulphm·euR " Tieroun, m:trathu · marathus Roths. & J ortl. Doubl . polyxenn. hiemx Felcl. " Emipes halithersis h::tlithersis ., agna Moore . " Doubt. r epetitu: But!. " " pfeifferae m:trmax marmax " Feld. Westw. mastor Fruh. H.ristogiton aristogiton " " " consimilis em·inns Fruh. Feld. " Prothoe fmnckii n.ngelica. But!. kn.hruba (Moore). " vi lm n. Frnh. durnforcli dumfonli " " " Dist. c:a lydonin. c:dydoni>L Hew. J>:nelm vestn. sm·clice F1·uh . " ERYCINIDAE. Ll BY'l'HEIN AE. Libythen. nm·inn. rohini l\II;u·sb. Lihythen, geoffroyi alompra , , f.libem Mom·e. " de N ic. geoft'royi n,]ompm lepita lepitn, Moore. f. hatJxwelli Moore, p m~rnha s:mguinalis Fruh, No.2, 1938. DAVJDSON & MACBE'l'H: The Butterflies of Siam. 105 RIODININAE. Zemeros flegyas allica (Fab.). Abisara neophron neophron f. pnllus (Hew.). " " Tal b. savitri savitri Feld. " Dodonn egeon (Doubl.). agonis petavia Butl. " henrici binghami 1Ylo01·e. Laxita da.majanti dn.majanti " deodata deodata Hew. (Feld.). " Abisam fylla ( Doubl.) . telesia boulleti Fruh. " echerins (Stoll.). lyclene Fruh. " " " siamensi::; Fruh. orphna lyncestis (de Nic.). " " " ~:· :tngulfl.tn. Moore. 'l'axila thuisto thuisto Hew. " " f. abn01·- ephorus Fruh. " " " " " mis Moore. haquinus fftsciat..'l. Moore. " Jmusambi kausn.mbi Feld. berthae Fruh. " " " '" pa.ionea Frub. Stiboges nymphidia nymphidia " " ~~ neophron chel in,l Fruh. Butl. " LYOAENIDAE. Poritia surnatme (Feld.). Allotinus posidion rekka Ril. hewitsoni tavoyana Doh. atacinus Fruh. " " " erycinoides phrafttica Logrtnia massalia massalia Doh. Hew. marmorata obscura Dist. " elsiei Evans. obscura (Rob.). " " Simiskin:• pharyge (Hew.). 'l'araka hamada mendesia Fruh. pasirn. dohertyi ~:vR . n~. SpH.lgis epius epius (Westw. ). " ·:!:- , hartertii Doh. P ithecops hylax hylR.x (Fab.) . pb f.d ia (Hew.). Neopithecops zalmol'a. zalmora , prtvonicn. vetm·ia (But!.). ( F' ru!J.). :M.egisbn malaya sikkima Moore. Demmas livens jasoda (de Nic.). 'l'alicadfl. metfma Ril . & Godf. , bmdamante (de Nic.). macbethi Ril. " :\1il etus croton mallus (Fruh.). Uastalins rosimon rosimon (Fab.). boisdnvalli irromtu. calet,a decidia (Hew.). " biggsii (Dist.) . ., etbion ethion (Doubl. " n.ncon siamensis (G odf. ). & Hew.). " Alloti.nus drumila grisen. Ril. elna noliteia Fl'llh. " & Godf, roxt1S roxana (Godf.). " 106 J mwnal Siam. Society, lValtLral H istory St&ppl. Vol. :XI. Enchrysops cnejm: (Fn.h.). NRr&dnba :tlcn.b:t gythion Frnb. p itn d::w~1 . pfLnclavn. be1·euice a.phya Fruh. " " (Hor::;f.). nom (Felcl.) . " Hypochrysops kerri Ril. clLlhiosA. sivolm E vn.ns. " Everes potanini (A lph.). , donina (Snell. ). pn.rh::t.sius rileyi Godf. .hmid es bochus bochus (01·:u1 1.) . " .Bot ln ·infL chennelli (d e Nic:.). , cleo dus pum (Moor e) . :Lyc:aenopsis ha.rnldns hu,mldus celeno celeno (Orn.m.). (Fah.). , elpis em y::;a.ces (Fruh.) . r enongu, , coerulen. (Druce). " " Ril. , philatus snbcl ita Moore. trn.nspectn. ~foore. Azn.nus urios Ril. & Goclf. " puspa gisca. F ruh. Lycn.ene;;th e::; emol us emol ns " limhfLtfL pbcicl:t (G oclt.) . " Moor e. lycaenfl. lycambes " c:trclifl. f]il ectus " Hew. Mom·e. N iphandn. cymhia cymbin. de Nic:. a.rgioln. jynten.n:t , te::;sell r1.ta " " (de Nic.). M.oore. Ohilrl.des ln.ins la ius (Om.m.). Heliophorns epicles chinensis Zize1·a. trochilus (Frey. ). (Fruh.). , mr1.h>1. (Koll.). n.mh·ocles rubich Ril. " gn.ika (Trim.). bntlmm mogoka " " otis (Fr1.b. ). Evn.ns. ,,, " , k:trsA.Jl(lm (Moore). Om·etis sa1·onis indosiuica. F1·nh. Syntarncus plinius (F:tb.). , sperthis (Feld.). Ontochrysops stmbo (Fab.). hulis rnfl.lfl.yiea. (Feld.). " lithargyria (M.om·e). a.cntn. for tunr1.tns Fn1h. " " Lampicles boeticus (Linn.). , insnhuis pseudoinsubl"i~ NMa.duhn. angnsta kerriana Dist. F n1h . , n.lhid:t H.il. Imotn. timoleorn panchrn. Frnl1. " & Godf. rochr1.na 1-T orsf. " pa.ctolus continent a.lis Bol'sfieldifl. anita r1.n itfl. (Hew.). " Frub. Thacl uka multicaudata va.juva Fruh. multicaudfl.ta Mom·e. " violr1. merguian r1. Mahathr1.la arneria zistra. Frnh. " (Moore). , n.tkinsoni (Doh.). :ttmbt enpler1. Frnb, Amblypoclir1. subfascir1.t>• (Mom ·e). " No. 2, 1988. DAVlDSON & MACBETH: 'Phe B1.dtm~(lies of Siam. 107 A mbl)rpodia nnthelns n.nthelns '''Ambly]Jorl ia eum olphns Doubl. & Hew. bellenore Doh. fl,narte Hew. rflm fl. ramosa Evltns. " " cam deo sphen cl n.l e p:mLmntlt (de Nic.). " (Frnh.). , . fl.Hopia Hew. dispHr (Ril. ,tr, Cioclf.) . , antimutn. (Feld.). " op:1.l ina (Moore). pel'imnt::t perimuta " " , n.g 11is (Felcl .). !:I I oo1·e. n.tosin. fl.tosia Hew. regin. Evans. " " " metn.mntn. Hew. cluessa (Doh.). " " mooln.ifl.nfl. (M o01·e) . , prtmngesn parA.ngesfl. " n.lhopunctatn. Hew. (de Nic.). " mintbelln. Doh . n.mmonicles (Doh.). " " fl.trn.x Hew. birmann birmana " " n.ria.mt Evn.ns. (Moore). " mJllesii (de Nic.). n.bennns (de Nic.). " " ~ i l h eten s i s silhetensis n.bseus inclicns Ril. " " Hew. , clin.rcli cliarcli Hew. acl::tthn. >~dfl.tb a Hew. fulgicla fnlgida H ew . " " fl.g1·a.tfl. (d e Nic.). , ::tpichnus apiclflnus " hypomntn. H E' ll'. (Cram.). " pseudomntn. Stfl.ucl. fulh. ignnm (Ril. & " " inonmta Felcl. Go elf.). " aJ·on. Hew. hor;:;fi elcli enrysthenes " " n.len a.len. Hew. Frub. " flg:J,dfl. agach Hew. , :l.nniellfl. Hew. " , hewitso ni (B-13akm'). fl.clrim1fl. (de Nic.). " , fl. lemon (de Nic.). Snrench·n. quercetornm :l.ln.x Ev:t.ns. que1·cetorum Moore. centaun1R centfl.ur·us tochrn. distortfl. (deN ic.). " " ( l!'ah.). Loxum n.tymnus continental is amantes n.mat1·ix " Fruh. (de Nic.). Y fl.SO clfl. tripunctatn (Hew.). bazalus Hew. pitn (Horsf.). " eumolphus Drinn donina (Hew.) . " eumolphus (Cmm. ). manein. (Hew.). " mn.xwelli Spindasis vulcann. tavoyana " " (Dist. ). Evans, 108 .Journal Siam Soc·iety, Ncd~wal History S'tLppl. Vol. XI. Spindnsis mn.ximus (Elw.). Thamitl:t miniata Moore. :;;ynma peguanus , marciana (Hew.). " (Moore). l.Ioraga. achaja Fruh. \ohita batina. Fruh. halba Dist. " '* himn.layana. moulmeina Moo1·e. " " " Moore. Oatapoecilma elegans maj01· ~;: lazularia Moo r e. (Druce). " " pa.nasa Fruh. emas Fruh. " " ·:!: vixinga davidsoni , subochracea Elw. " '.l'a.lbot. OhJinria othona ot.hona (Hew. ). Dacala.na pencil igel'a (de N ic.) . , merguia watsoni Swinh. vidnr:t, sinhara Fruh. Hypolycaena. thecloides thecloides " Tajuria jangala mvata (Moore). (Feld.). cippus maxentius Fruh. phem is H. H. Drnce . " " jalindrn (Horsf.). et·ylus him a vantus " " mantm mantra (Feld.). Fruh. " iSiteU S iSiteUS (Hew.). Zeltu;; etolus etolus (Fab.) . " J acoona anasuja. Feld. Sithon nedymond nedymond N eocheritra amrita (Fe! d.). (Uram.). , a.mritn, prtulimt .Ril. Pra.ta.pa deva (Mo01·e). Purlisa giganteft giganteft (DiRt.). ·'1'0amena ctesia agalla Fruh. Suasa. lisisdes (Hew.). ·: ~· Pra . tapa blanca minturna Fruh. Oheritrella truncipennis de Nic. Semanga superba siamensis Talb. N eomyrina hi emalis (God m. & Artipe eryx (Linn.). Salv.). neudorix epijR.rbus am>ttins Fmh. Uheritrn. ft·ejn. freja (Fab.). , hypa1·gyria El wes. ,, 1·egin. l~v n. ns. Vir::whoh perse perse (Hew.) . " TichelTa. a.cte (l\'[oore). isocrates (FA.b.). " Bidnanda cyam (Hew.). H.apa.ln. abnormis Elwes. , melisa (Hew. ). kessuma deliochLls H ew. " thesrn ia f11.bricii suffusa suft'usa (~ · f oore). " " (Moore). sphinx (I<' ab.). " thesmia rhoecus de Nic. " " (Hew.) . varuna orseis Hew. l\hrmessuR lisin.s boisduvali schistacea (Moore). " l\'Ioore. scintilla de Nic. " moorei (Dist.). pheretimns petosiris " " (Hew.). diecenes diecenes H ew, Eooxylides thal"is (Hubn.). I' No. 2, 1938. D AviDSON & .MA OBETH : 'l'he Bu tterflies of Sict?n. 109 l:t:tpn.lrt nissa rectivitta l\>I om·e. Ara.ytes lapithis Japithis (Moore). Sinthnsf1 nasakrt amba. K irby. '1'Mantoides licinius Druce. Binda hara phocides ines Swinh. Liphyra brassolis Westw. HESPERIIDAE . Ha ~ 01 ·a . lizettn. f1 nurn de Nic. OelA.enonhinns asmm'>k proxissima Elw. & Edw. consertus (de N ic.). " badra badra (Moore). nigrica.ns nig1·i " " vitta (Butl. ). cans (d e Nic.) . " n.l exis H.lexis (Fab.). n.urivittata aurivit- " " tamiuatus almea Swinb. tata (Moore). " schonherri (Godt.). camerom " " " Bnmra oedipodea athena (Frnh.). (Dist.). , oedipodea (Swains.). Ach>tl:u ·us bifascin.tus liliana " jaina margana (Fnth.). (A t ks.). ., purptll'ea (Ril. & Godf.) . Tagittdes parra F ruh . , barisa as:unbha (FI'llh.). japetus utanus P lotz. " n.mam (Moore) . khasia. uR. Moore. " " " lalita (Fruh.). meetana. Moore. " " " Bi basis mahintha (Moore). menanto Plotz. " sena sena (Mom·e). toba de Nic. " " Badamia exclnmationis (Fah.). waterstradti Elw. " Uho::vpes snhca.nd nta cm.wfm·di menn.krt menakn. " (Dist.). (Mom·e). Chpil:t plmnn ens pbanneus (Hew.). , l iti g io~ a li tigiosr1. Mo;:;ch. , , lalita (Doh.). Spiali n. galba (Fah.). tl orn. (Evr1ns). OdinA. cl ecomtus (Hew.) . , mrtckwoodi (Eva.ns) . iVI oor en.nn t.ri choneum pt· A.layfl. Uhannion fi cn.ln ea ficnlnen. Moo re. (Hew.) . Daimio phisam (Mom·e). Ueh enorrbinus lencocera lenco- hhn.g:wa bhagH va " cem. (K ol l. ). ( Moore). mn.culicornis limax clirae de Nic. " " Elw. & Edw. t>tbrica pinwilli (Butl. ). " asmat·a. adittn. Oolaclenia inclm ni uposatha Fruh. " Fruh, , dan dhyana. Fruh, llO Jm~? ·nal Sia?J'I, Society, NLdn?·ul H istory S1~pJJl. Vol. XI. Cohuleni:~ la.xmi (d e Nic.). N otoc1·yptn. volu x: volu x: (lHn.b. ). a.gni ([<',~b.) . vnlso hicolo1· E vrms. " .A.1·nett:t _n.tkinsoni ( .Jloo1·e). Sepa femlin. (Hew.) . I ambrix tyt leri wooletti (Ril.). hononia. (He\\·.). " s~tl sa l a salsn.la (Moo1·e ). , fenestm. (E lw. & Eclll".). " stellifer (Butl.). inn.reme (de Nic.). " " Su:tstus gremins g1·emius ( F:th.). Plnstingia calli nem·n. hnrmn.na Evan~. , r:1.rnfl, ra ma. (Mab.). , lntoia ht toia. (Hew.). Scobum cephn.ln. (Hew.). rnerghe1· itn. Doh. " Su::t.da swerga. swm·g:~ (de Nic.). sala. (Hew.). " K ornthn.ialos l'!lbecul n. (Plotz). n:~ . ga . (Hew.). " bulteri butleri Lotongns cnlathns (Hew .) . " (W-M. & de Nic.). sc h c~ed iH. (Hew.) . " xn.ni tes xanites Zeln r.ens optimus F1·uh. " (Butl.). Ace1·ba.s anthe:1. (Hew.). Sn.ncus pulligo subfn.sciatus Moor e. Unlmna a.ttin:1. (Hew.). Kemn:1. nigrita (Godt.). Hida1·i irava (Moore). armata :1.rm:~t:1. (Druce). Pirdanl), hyela (Hew.) . " , fulgur de Nic. Pitbn.mia murdavl), (Moo1·e). UJar;pes folus (Cram.). Onryr.~t sin.micn Ril. & Godf. No. 2, 1938. D A.YlDSON & 1\{ ACBii:Tll : 1'/w B·nite11lies of Sia1n. 111 Oupit hn. pmTeea, lHome. Halpe masoni (Moore). '.l'>Lr: LCtl·ocent mn.evins l:bcc us , burm::nm ~w iuh . ( F:tb.). , moo1·ei W:tts. zicle:t saru:tdlm , zema zenm (Hew.). F1·uh. , zoht Ev:tns. , arch ins q nin ta , sikkima sikkinm Moore. ~w i n h. , homole