UN GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 i

FOREWORD

Gender equality is fundamental to lastng peace, establishing a gender equal environment for its staf. security and development. The United Natons Development of this gender strategy is an important Security Council (UNSC) underscored this message step in achieving this. This strategy takes into account through the adopton of the landmark Resoluton the challenges Somalia faces, including fragility of 1325 in 2000 and all subsequent resolutons on peace and politcal environment; susceptbility to Women, Peace and Security (WPS). Equal access of drought and other natural calamity, and the changing women and men to opportunites, resources, rights, reality, including the increasing partcipaton of choices, protecton, partcipaton and decision- Somali women in politcs and decision-making. It also making is vital to secure inclusive peace and politcs, recognizes the opportunites that prevail, including sustainable growth and development and a fair and policy environment and politcal will of the FGS and just society. federal member states.

The Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) is The Strategy responds to the current realites and commited to advance gender equality and women’s artculates the centrality of gender mainstreaming empowerment. The Provisional Federal Consttuton in the implementaton of the assistance and stresses women’s equality with men and emphasizes cooperaton frameworks of the UN. It also provides on women’s efectve partcipaton in all spheres of a framework and guidance for the promoton and life, including public ofces and in decision-making. insttutonalizaton of gender mainstreaming. It calls In 2016, the FGS adopted a Natonal Gender Policy for a greater accountability for delivering gender with the aim to further gender mainstreaming in its results. It ofers practcal tools and guidance on how peace and state-building processes. The Natonal to achieve this. The implementaton plan of this Development Plan, 2017-2020, adopted gender Strategy provides in great detail the actons, actors mainstreaming as a cross-cutng theme. It also and tmeframe for realizing results and fulflling the advocates for targeted interventons to improve objectves and goal set forth in the Strategy. women’s rights, protecton and partcipaton and as such incorporated a separate secton on gender We urge all staf of the United Natons in Somalia mainstreaming. Gender mainstreaming and women’s on both sides of this integrated operatons—the protecton and partcipaton are integral parts of the Mission and the Agencies, Funds and Programmes, New Partnership Agreement signed in 2017. to familiarize themselves with the content of this Strategy and extend their full support to its The United Natons in Somalia as a friend and implementaton. We call on the members of the partner of Somali people and the government Gender Theme Group to make every efort necessary recognizes the need to redouble its own eforts to for efectve implementaton of this Strategy. support strengthening and insttutonalizing gender mainstreaming to consolidate the gains made to- We look forward to working together to give full date and to further advance gender equality and efect to this Strategy and make lastng peace and WPS agenda in Somalia. The UN also identfed a stability anchored on gender equality in Somalia a need for further improving internal capacity and reality.

Michael Keatng Peter de Clercq Special Representatve of the Secretary General, Deputy Special Representatve of the Secretary-General, Head of UN Assistance Mission in Somalia UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator ii UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword i

List of acronyms iii

Introduction 1

Context 2

Goal and objectives 3

Delivering gender equality results 4

Implementation arrangements 9

Monitoring, reporting and evaluation 10

Annexes a. Relevant international and regional conventions and instruments on gender equality and the empowerment of women. b. Gender glossaries c. UNSF gender commitments UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 iii

I. LIST OF ACRONYMS

AFPs Agencies, Funds and Programmes CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child CRESTA Community Recovery and Extension of State Authority CSOs Civil Society Organizations DINA Drought Impact Needs Assessment DSRSG/RC/HC Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary General/ Resident Coordinator/ Humanitarian Coordinator FGM Female Genital Mutilation FGS Federal Government of Somalia GBV Gender Based Violence GEWE Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment GTG Gender Theme Group HCT Humanitarian Country Team HRP Humanitarian Response Plan IDPs Internally Displaced Persons IGO Integrated Gender Offce IO Integrated Coordination Offce JPLG Joint Programme on Rule of Law and Governance M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MOC Ministries, Offces and Commissions MoPIED Ministry of Planning, Investment and Economic Development MoWHRD Ministry of Women and Human Rights Development MPs Members of Parliament MPTF Multi Partner Trust Fund NDP National Development Plan O-COS Offce of the Chief of Staff PMT Programme Management Team PSEA Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse of Authority PWG Pillar Working Group RRF Recovery and Resilience Framework SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SDRF Somalia Development and Reconstruction Facility SG Secretary General SGBV Sexual and Gender-Based Violence iv UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

SMG Senior Management Group SRSG Special Representative of the Secretary General UN United Nations UNCT United Nations Country Team UNDAF/P United Nations Development Assistance Framework/ Program UNDSS United Nations Department of Safety and Security UNOCHA United Nations Offce for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs UNSF United Nations Strategic Framework UNSOM United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia UNSOS United Nations Support Offce for Somalia WPS Women, Peace and Security UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 1

1. INTRODUCTION Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women supported the enactment of the Sexual Ofences (GEWE) is intrinsic to the work of the United Natons Act in , with similar legislaton awaitng in Somalia. This includes the systematc integraton parliamentary approval and presidental assent at the of gender within the context of the humanitarian, federal level, and in respectvely. These development and peace nexus and the recogniton of gains were results of concerted and collaboratve voices, vulnerabilites and agency of Somali women eforts of and strong partnership between the UN and in politcal, peacebuilding, development and and the internatonal community, partcularly donors humanitarian eforts. and the politcal will of the government authorites.

Gender equality is grounded in internatonal Despite the notable gains, a range of obstacles human rights principles. Respect for and protecton to the achievement of gender equality remains. of human rights of all —women, men Protracted and new displacements of populaton and girls and boys and in all their diversity—is a have resulted in severe protecton implicatons, preconditon to achieving and sustaining peace, partcularly for women and girls who make up 53% politcal stability and development in Somalia. The of afected populatons.6 Women and girls contnue United Natons Strategic Framework (UNSF) 2017- to be vulnerable to gender-based violence (GBV) and 2020 addresses gender equality as a cross cutng confict related sexual violence (CRSV). The situaton issue and aims to mainstream gender in all its fve is further exacerbated by the ongoing confict in parts strategic priorites. The UNSF artculates the UN’s of the country, displacements and weak justce system collectve commitments and actons in support of resultng in the impunity for the perpetrators of GBV. the Somali government’s development priorites as Of the reported GBV cases, 96% of survivors are outlined in the Natonal Development Plan (NDP) women and girls whilst 76% are IDPs. Female genital 2017- 20191. This UN Somalia Gender Strategy (2018- mutlaton (FGM) persists with a prevalence of 98%; 2020) is aligned to the UNSF and the Humanitarian whilst the prevalence of child marriages remains high Response Plan (HRP). This Strategy is further aligned with 45% of women aged 20 to 24 married before to internatonal conventons, global and regional the age of 18. experience higher normatve frameworks, including the Conventon unemployment rates than men: 74% for women and on the Eliminaton of All forms of Discriminaton 61% for men. Despite the Somali private sector being Against Women (CEDAW), the UN Security Council dominated by micro, small and medium enterprises Resolutons on Women, Peace and Security (WPS), of which women are the main drivers, women have the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and limited access to credit, technology and informaton. Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Access to services such as health care and educaton, (2003)2, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)3 by women and girls is disproportonately low. and the principles of the ‘New Way of Working’4. This Somalia’s maternal mortality rate is the highest in Gender Strategy provides a framework to deliver on the world, at 1,600 per 100,000 live births. Literacy the human rights and gender equality commitments levels are low; only 26% of women can read and write of UN Somalia. compared to 36% for men. Women’s partcipaton in leadership and decision-making roles, in public and In recent years, the UN’s work in Somalia has politcal spheres at all levels—natonal, state, local, contributed to Somali women reaching 24% remains low with a majority of women in these representaton in the 10th Federal Parliament, the roles lacking capacity to fully engage. Besides, - development and endorsement of the Natonal based patriarchal politcal structures and culture, Gender Policy, adopton of the Natonal Acton Plan and challenges of prevailing insecurity negatvely on Ending Sexual Violence in Confict, ratfcaton afect women’s ability to negotate greater role of the Conventon of the Rights of the Child5, and representaton in politcal processes and policy establishment of an Independent Natonal Human making. Rights Commission among others. The UN also 2 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

There are challenges with planning and accountability conficts and Al-Shabaab operatons; addressing for gender equality and women’s empowerment; persistent droughts; and readiness for universal fnancing for gender equality, especially resource electons in 2020 that transcend the existng clan- allocaton and tracking has been near absent; based power-sharing politcal system, among other monitoring and reportng of gender equality results actons. is limited; and there is inadequate capacity on the part of public sector insttutons to efectvely and Simultaneously, women’s rights and the enabling consistently mainstream gender equality concerns in framework for gender equality are gradually all programmes and operatons. The UN intends to improving. Women’s right to partcipaton in decision- respond to some of these systemic challenges by the making is enshrined in the Provisional Consttuton implementaton of this Gender Equality strategy. of Somalia. To systematcally address and advance women’s rights and gender equality, in 2014 the FGS The Strategy is set to contribute towards realizing re-established the Ministry of Women and Human gender equality and women’s empowerment Rights Development (MoWHRD)7. Similar structures through the United Natons’ support to Somalia’s for coordinaton and oversight on GEWE now exist natonal priorites. The main objectves of this in the federal member states through the state Gender Strategy include enhanced gender equality formaton process. The enhanced representaton of and women’s empowerment results delivered by women in the Federal Parliament and in the cabinet the United Natons’ work in politcal, development is also a sign of signifcant improvement and the will and humanitarian setngs; a gender equal and of the government to support women’s increased empowering environment for all UN staf in Somalia; role in leadership and policy making. Legislatve and strong leadership for gender equality and reform and policy development to promote women’s women’s empowerment. empowerment, their dignity and gender equality is ongoing. Gender equality policies are in place at the 2. CONTEXT Federal level and Somaliland with a draf in Puntland.

Somalia has undergone signifcant positve changes The NDP and UNSF build on lessons from in the past four years, with the politcal, economic, implementaton of the New Deal Compact (2012- social and security context transforming every day 2016). Under the New Deal, gender was presented for the beter. The nascent federal structure, though as a cross-cutng issue, however, with weak in need of further clarifcaton and legalizaton, operatonalizaton mechanisms8. The UN Strategic provided the fulcrum for the 2016 electoral process, Assessment that preceded the development of the which saw a peaceful transiton of presidental power UNSF observed that the UN needed to augment its and establishment of a new bicameral natonal eforts and approach for the insttutonalizaton of federal parliament in February 2017. This transiton gender mainstreaming and women’s empowerment represents a renewed momentum and opportunity in its work in Somalia9. Somalia is yet to ratfy CEDAW, to move forward on Somalia’s peace and/state- the Maputo Protocol, amongst other internatonal building priorites. human rights instruments. The normatve framework on gender equality and women’s empowerment To consolidate its politcal gains and sustain the remain underdeveloped and enforcement is weak trajectory away from state fragility, contested as traditonal or customary law (Xeer) contnues to authority, impunity, corrupton and weak governance override the state judiciary. towards stability and development, the FGS is focusing on fostering long term reconciliaton; A central principle of the 2030 Agenda is, ‘leaving clarifying the politcal, insttutonal and fscal issues no one behind.’ This commits the UN to ensure that relatng to the federal structure via revision and all people, including women and girls, beneft from adopton of the Provisional Federal Consttuton; development by reaching the furthest behind frst. addressing widespread insecurity, including internal Gender equality is mainstreamed as well as included UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 3 as a stand-alone goal (SDG5) in the Agenda. The UNSF and clan-based politcal structures, women commits to integrate gender as a cross-cutng issue remain considerably underrepresented in politcal and under a dedicated sub-secton on Gender Equality processes and public ofces, including legislatve and Women’s Empowerment by implementng a and administratve bodies across the country.13 two-pronged strategy to (a) insttutonalize gender The humanitarian situaton remains precarious for mainstreaming in its politcal, humanitarian and much of the populaton. The limited human rights- development assistance with (b) direct interventons compliant legislatve and policy frameworks, weak in the areas of women’s enhanced representaton rule of law and human rights protecton systems, and and partcipaton, peace protecton and security, a lack of legitmate insttutons contribute to a high gender analysis and monitoring and evaluaton level of impunity for human rights violatons. This (M&E); and integrate gender equality concerns in increases the vulnerability of women and girls to all capacity building across government sectors at human rights violatons, including SGBV and CRSV. As federal and state levels, including in the Mult Partner girls, young boys and adolescents also face specifc Trust Fund (MPTF)10. The HRP addresses the lack of protecton challenges and are vulnerable to forced access to educaton and health services, combatng recruitment by armed forces and groups, accountng child and maternal mortality, tackling of sexual for 90% of children recruited and used by these and gender-based violence (SGBV) cases, and the forces. Somalia experiences major rapid and slow producton of increasingly sex-disaggregated data. onset climate-induced shocks on a 2 to 5-year cycle, The recent drought brought to the fore the increased with fooding, cyclones and partcularly drought as vulnerabilites women and girls face especially in the main causal factors causing massive displacement tmes of natural disasters. The drought impact needs and crisis for basic supplies. This adds to the already assessment (DINA) captures the impact of the drought existng massive protecton challenges women and on women and girls and recommended amongst girls face. Young women and girls are also susceptble other things, the centrality of gender equality as to falling prey to exclusionary politcs, exposure to a cross-cutng theme, with direct interventons radicalisaton and acts of violence, including violent on women’s protecton, livelihoods support and extremism.14 environmental decision-making. This gender equality strategy provides the framework Achievement of the above gender commitments for the UN to strengthen its own work on gender and however, has been uneven across the UN as evidenced support the government and people of Somalia to in the UN Strategic Analysis report (2017)11. The UN realize its stabilizaton and development priorites in Somalia needs to ensure that the structures for in an inclusive and sustainable manner; with gender advancing gender in its work are strengthened and equality and the empowerment of women at the reinforced by a strong leadership and commitment heart of all eforts. from the UN Senior Management12. This will include deliberate support to gender integraton and stand- 3. GOAL AND OBJECTIVES alone GEWE priorites, that otherwise do not receive the atenton and resources they require. This also In its eforts to support the realizaton of Somalia’s includes ensuring that gender technical expertse is development priorites and the SDGs, the UN available and efectvely resourced to achieve results. remains commited to addressing and overcoming disparites and discriminaton of all forms and kinds, Recogniton and inclusion of the voices and and promote an inclusive and gender equitable perspectves of women and girls in the eforts society. Due to existng discriminatory socio-cultural outlined above will ensure that the results are practces and politcal processes women and girls inclusive, credible and sustainable in the long in Somalia are under-represented in mainstream term. The existng gender challenges reinforce this development eforts and their needs and concerns imperatve. Despite achieving 24% representaton in are de-prioritzed and underserved. The UN in the new Federal Parliament, due to highly patriarchal Somalia is resolute to break that cycle and bring 4 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 the agenda of women, peace and security to the objectves below. The objectves will be realised by fore. Systematc and concerted eforts, and efcient delivering outputs and implementaton of actons as mechanisms are required to overcome the challenges elaborated below. On the adopton of the Strategy, of gender inequality and reverse the negatve trends an Implementaton Plan with clearly defned roles for women. and responsibilites of all UN enttes and specifc tmeframes for deliverables will be developed to The goal of this Gender Strategy, 2018-2020 is to ensure tmely and efectve delivery of results to realize gender equality and women’s empowerment enforce accountability for gender equality. through the United Natons’ support to Somalia’s natonal priorites. The Gender Strategy is meant to Objective One: To strengthen gender equality strengthen insttutonalizaton of gender equality and women’s empowerment results through and WPS mandate, building on the achievements, the implementation of United Nations’ work experience and lessons learned from the past in in political, development and humanitarian Somalia and best practces globally. settings.

The main objectves of the Strategy are to: This objectve will incorporate actons that will realize • Strengthen gender equality and women’s the strengthening of gender equality and women’s empowerment results through the empowerment as the UN supports the realizaton implementaton of the United Natons’ work of Somalia’s politcal and development priorites in politcal, development and humanitarian and humanitarian response. The politcal voice and setngs; agency of women and girls is essental to achieve • Atain a gender equal and empowering gender equality and women’s empowerment. environment for all UN staf in Somalia; and Focus on women’s partcipaton and representaton • Demonstrate strong leadership for gender in decision-making and leadership roles across all equality and women’s empowerment. politcal and executve posts and recruitments at all levels—natonal, state and local, will be a priority. A 4. DELIVERING GENDER EQUALITY gendered approach to security sector commitments RESULTS contained in the Natonal Security Pact and as implemented through the Comprehensive Approach The goal of this Strategy will be fulflled through the to Security will be advocated for by the UN. This realizaton of three objectves as outlined above objectve will be realised by delivering results as per and delivering the results stated under various the four outputs stated below.

Output Statement 1: Gender equality considerations are central to the decision making of all inter-entity and coordination mechanisms of the United Nations and the NDP implementation and aid coordination mechanism15.

Action points • T UN SMG UNT MT IO UN I G T G T G GTG IO MT • G SMG UNT MT UNSOM • S through the GTG and by use of all other available mechanisms M R D MRD SDR • SDR G 16 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 5

Action points • T UN through MoWHRD and UN representation in various Pillar Working Groups ND • • T UN S A UN • T UN 17 M 0 • T UN MRD S • S 2020 GS S 18

• S MS

• S 19

Output Statement 2: Sex-disaggregated data and gender analysis are generated and used by PMT and all clusters in UN’s development and humanitarian work through programming that considers diferental needs, priorites and vulnerabilites of women, men, girls and boys.

Action points20 • UN 21 • U 22 • S MT A 23 24 6 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

Output Statement 3: Gender capacity is built and supported in federal, state and district level25 insttutons/ authorites and within UN partners, contractors, and civil society organizatons.

Action points • MRD M I MI MO G 201 • S SO • E UN UN 26 T maintain data disaggregated by sex SO • E

•

• S

Output Statement 4: Gender is mainstreamed in all UN development assistance, partnership and monitoring frameworks, longer-term programme design, joint programmes, including future UNSF/UNDAF/P, RRF, Durable solutons planning, cluster-specifc programmes.

Action points • UN

• E 27

• D UN S

Objective Two: Attain a gender equal and empowering environment for all UN staff in Somalia. The UN pursues this objectve to deliver on its the Strategy. Within the UN, there are policies that mandate to guarantee a safe, conducive and address the need for gender equality and women’s supportve working environment for all of its staf. empowerment.28 Therefore, actons which will The intent is to progressively transform gender be undertaken to fulfll this objectve are aimed stereotypes, perceptons, conscious and unconscious at giving full efect to the existng policies and biases and entrench a culture where gender equality frameworks and entrenching practces which is accepted as a norm within UN Somalia. This will will make gender equality a living reality in UN ultmately result in the creaton of an enabling Somalia. environment for the realizaton of the overall goal of UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 7

Output Statement: UN Somalia implements policies, promotes practces and establishes mechanisms and measures that support the achievement of gender equality in all operatons and programmes.

Action points UNCT/PMT/O-DMS/O-COS Oversight role: • UN D G29 to monitor SEA • S 30 • D UNSOS T U S SEA • S UN S31 • E UN S

• SRSG • E • I

• S UN GTG

• R collaboratively by UNDSS and UNSOS Security, O-COS

GTG Advocacy role: • I UN S MT OMT DU T SEA T R G T • UNSOS

• • E UN S 8 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

Objectve Three: UN Somalia demonstrates strong leadership for gender equality and women’s empowerment.

The realizaton of the goal of the gender strategy on enhancing leadership for gender equality by UN requires strong and commited leadership that is Somalia within the UN and in the work of the UN with accountable for gender equality and ensures that its development partners, including government the actons for the realizaton of the objectves are actors, civil society and the internatonal community. implemented. This objectve targets the UN Somalia Internally, strong leadership is needed to ensure Senior Leadership.32 Gender mainstreaming and the the implementng the gender commitments by the pursuit of gender equality will be entrenched in all of UN. Externally, strong leadership is critcal to ensure UN Somalia’s development and humanitarian work. that the work of UN Somalia supports the realizaton Programme quality assurance, oversight, monitoring, of Somalia’s development and humanitarian work evaluaton and reportng systems will fully support in a manner which is gender responsive, just and mainstreaming gender equality. This objectve focuses equitable.

Output Statement: UN Somalia insttutonalize a robust monitoring and reportng framework and commit dedicated resources for the advancement of gender equality and women’s empowerment.

Action points: • D G S I 2018 • U 33

• I GTG MT UNT SMG34

• G UN35 • U UN G S • S • UN • A G M 36 • UN L 37 • O UN S • O O D S UNS • O MRD

• 38 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

5. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS The overall oversight of the implementaton of this The GTG will provide coordinaton and leadership, Gender Strategy rests with the SRSG and DSRSG/ for keeping all stakeholders abreast of latest RC/HC. The members of SMG, which comprises the developments and progress at all tmes; seeking Heads of Agencies--Funds and Programmes (AFP) informaton and ofering advice and guidance to and UNSOM senior leaders, will provide leadership both internal and external stakeholders in a tmely and ultmately be accountable for the delivery of and constructve manner. The GTG will also be gender equality results stpulated in the Strategy. responsible for ofering informaton on new body of knowledge analysis, studies and establishing a Under the Chairpersonship of the DSRSG/RC/HC, the database of natonal and internatonal resources on GTG will act as the primary mechanism to facilitate the gender specialists per the outputs of the Strategy implementaton, bringing all stakeholders together, and make it available to the PMT and all other ensuring efectve coordinaton and reportng on the internatonal and external stakeholders. progress. The DSRSG/RC/HC will convene two bi- annual meetngs to review the progress and address Through the PMT and IO, the GTG will ofer forecast any major obstacles needing interventon from the to various stakeholders and mechanisms well ahead highest level. SMG will also ensure that adequate of deadlines and on key deliverables. resources are commited and available for smooth implementaton of the Gender Equality strategy. The GTG will operate in close cooperaton with various gender focal points’ networks (internal and external, The integrated PMT, comprising senior programme including the donors), government ministries, the staf, deputy heads of agencies, and UNSOM sectons, UN Informaton Group and M&E Group to ensure being the main mechanism for the coordinaton efectve and optmal coordinaton, visibility of the of the substantve programming issues, will be work of the UN and supportng resource mobilizaton responsible for advising and facilitatng generaton eforts based on gender equality results and the work of status reports and periodic analytcal progress of the UN as a champion of gender equality. reports on the implementaton of the strategy per the Implementaton Plan. PMT will also be the primary The GTG will establish three Task-Teams per the mechanism to ensure the decisions of mandatory use objectves, in order to ensure an intra-accountability of gender analysis and sex/age-disaggregated data in within the GTG. Each Task team will have two Co- all new initatves—short, medium and longer-term— leads and two alternate Co-leads based on the adhered to and contnued improvement on gender comparatve advantage per objectve and outputs responsiveness for the implementaton and results under the objectves and technical resource available analysis of all approved and on-going initatves. The on the ground. The Task Teams will be the front IO, UNSOM Joint Planning Unit, Integrated Analysis runners driving the coordinaton for efectve results Team and the Gender Theme Group will provide the delivery at the objectve level and keeping the entre necessary technical and coordinaton support to the GTG engaged to support the process. PMT in fulflling its role. UN Women, Integrated Gender Ofce (IGO) and The GTG will be the main hub of the gender technical IO will ensure that the coordinaton is optmal, resources for the implementaton of this Strategy. resources—technical and fnancial—are available, GTG will ensure technical tools, knowledge, capacity senior leaders are engaged and reports are generated and guidance are provided in a tmely manner to and disseminated as per the plan. While UN Women the PMT, IO and will also serve as an early warning and IGO as co-chairs of the GTG will contnue to mechanism for any deviaton and or any major support the GTG and its ordinary business being obstacles encountered and/or antcipated in the accountable to the DSRSG/RC/HC. process. GTG in its monthly meetng will track latest developments and progress. UN Women, as the Secretariat of the GTG, will 10 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 provide secretarial support to the overall process. for the relevant gender issues; especially relatng to The Co-leads of Task Teams will ensure they keep objectve 3 of this strategy. the Secretariat fully abreast of their engagement To realise the objectves of this strategy, the GTG will and alert GTG and PMT within appropriate tme in approach M&E from two perspectves: addressing any unforeseen challenges. 1. A Gender M&E plan(s) for the UNSF and HRP, which will help update baselines, identfy key commitments, set targets for achieving them, 6. MONITORING AND REPORTING ON AND with complimentary indicators aligned with EVALUATING THE GENDER STRATEGY global WPS indicators, Secretary General’s Seven Point Acton Plan, Gender Scorecard principles, This Gender Equality strategy provides a framework and IASC Gender Policy Statement and Centrality for planned, systematc and collectve atenton to of Protecton Strategy. The M&E plan(s) will and acton by the diferent UN enttes on gender incorporate gender mainstreaming tools such as equality and women’s empowerment, in line with gender analysis, use of sex disaggregated data global commitments and commitments in the and the Gender Marker to track and measure diverse assistance and cooperaton frameworks to investments and results on gender through the Somalia. The gender component of the UN Strategic various assistance frameworks. The plan will be Assessment (2016-2017), drawing on the draf made available to AFPs through the UNCT and accountability framework of the UNCT, recognized HCT and the UNSOM Sectons, for adopton and the need for improved UN leadership’s accountability adaptaton to their individual work, based on on gender, to allow for the development of joint mandates and responsibilites in the assistance and harmonised messages and improved advocacy, frameworks. The plan(s) will further be integrated improved gender mainstreaming in programming, into the reportng mechanisms for the assistance joint reportng and M&E. frameworks, so that the informaton emerging from them drives programming decisions. Efectve monitoring and evaluaton will require the presence of data and improved capacity at all 2. M&E for the present Gender Strategy, will levels to collect and analyse it in a sex-disaggregated help measure achievements of the outputs manner. However, the lack of sex and age- and objectves of the strategy through the disaggregated data in Somalia remains a challenge. implementaton plan atached. Ongoing Furthermore, what specifc indicators for gender monitoring of the strategy will provide interventons and results which exist in the various insights to help with contnuous adaptaton assistance frameworks all lack a specifc M&E plans, and improvement of the strategy’s relevance, clearly defned indicators, benchmarks, milestones efectveness and approaches. Various against which their achievements or otherwise will informaton sharing and reportng mechanisms be measured. (highlighted in the strategic actons categorized by output) across the UN will provide the review The GTG will lead in the development of capacity and feedback required. Vital role will be played and tools for identfying, collatng, organizing and by the GTG, PMT and IO in insttutng the M&E disseminatng what data exists on gender equality plan for gender equality results. It will also and women’s empowerment as artculated in the highlight the extent of availability and use of sex- implementaton plan atached to this strategy. disaggregated data and gender analysis in the on- The aim will be to secure tangible and measurable going processes, new interventons and progress gender results in the NDP via the UNSF and the UN’s monitoring and reportng purposes. commitment to HRP as well as efectvely measure the success of this strategy towards achieving its A fnal evaluaton of the strategy will be conducted underlying aim of strengthening UN Somalia’s in 2020 by an independent Gender and M&E expert. response on gender. Baselines will be developed UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 11

Annex A: Relevant international and regional conventions and instruments on gender equality and the empowerment of women

The Conventon On the Eliminaton of All gender-based violence takes many diferent forms Forms of Discriminaton Against Women. The and is experienced in a range of crisis and non-crisis 1979 Conventon on the Eliminaton of All Forms of setngs. It is deeply rooted in structural relatonships Discriminaton Against Women (CEDAW) provides of inequality between women and men. a comprehensive framework to guide all rights- based acton for gender equality. Under this treaty, The Internatonal Conference On Populaton gender inequality is understood to be the result and Development. The 1994 Internatonal of discriminaton against women. CEDAW defnes Conference on Populaton and Development (ICPD) discriminaton and the range of steps that states in Cairo was a milestone in the history of populaton must take to eliminate it, afrms women’s rights in and development, as well as in the history of specifc areas, and makes provisions for ratfcaton, women’s rights. ICPD delegates reached a consensus monitoring, reportng and other procedural maters. that the equality and empowerment of women is a global priority. This issue was approached from The Beijing Platorm for Acton. The 1995 Beijing the perspectve of universal human rights, and as Platorm for Acton is “an agenda for women’s an essental step towards eradicatng poverty and empowerment”, signed by all governments that stabilizing populaton growth. A ’s ability to is seen as a “necessary and fundamental pre- access reproductve health and rights is a cornerstone requisite for equality, development and peace.” The of her empowerment and is critcal to sustainable Platorm includes gender analysis of problems and development. opportunites in 12 critcal areas of concern, and clear and specifc standards for actons to be implemented UN Security Council Resolutons on Women, by governments, the UN system and civil society, Peace and Security commonly known as including, where appropriate, the private sector. The Women, Peace and Security Agenda. The UN’s Platorm provides the frst global commitment to guiding frameworks for women, peace and security gender mainstreaming as the methodology by which (WPS) are Security Council Resolutons 1325 (2000) women’s empowerment will be achieved. and 1889 (2009) on women, peace and security and 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 2106 (2013) and 2122 The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). (2013) on sexual violence in armed confict. These The MDGs, in efect, consolidated previous resolutons have laid the foundaton for the eforts agreements, including those on women’s rights, of the UN community to expand the role of women women’s empowerment and gender equality, into in leadership positons in every aspect of preventon a single set of core goals, targets and benchmarks and resoluton of conficts, including peacekeeping for the development community. The Millennium and peacebuilding eforts, and to improve protecton Declaraton, from which they were drawn, took a of women and girls within a framework of rule of law clear positon that gender equality is both a right in and respect for human rights. itself and a driver of development. The development community is in the process of reviewing lessons Aid Efectveness Commitments. Through the learned and progress toward the achievement of the 2008 Accra Agenda for Acton, which built on the 2005 MDGs with a view of acceleratng progress before Paris Declaraton on Aid Efectveness, developing the 2015 MDG deadline and elaboratng on a post countries and donors commit to ensure that their 2015 development agenda. respectve development policies and programs are designed and implemented in ways consistent with UN Declaraton On the Eliminaton of Violence their agreed internatonal commitments on gender Against Women. The 1993 Declaraton on the equality, human rights, disability and environmental Eliminaton of , the frst sustainability. The Busan Partnership for Efectve internatonal human rights instrument to exclusively Development Cooperaton endorsed in 2011 and explicitly address violence against women, agreed to accelerate and deepen eforts to address afrms that the phenomenon violates, impairs or gender equality and women’s empowerment in all nullifes women’s human rights and their exercise of aspects of development eforts, from accountability fundamental freedoms. The Declaraton states that mechanisms to peacebuilding and state building. 12 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of (2003).

Sustainable Development Goals (2015-2030). The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), otherwise known as the Global Goals, are a universal call to acton to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity. These 17 Goals build on the successes of the Millennium Development Goals, while including new areas such as climate change, economic inequality, innovaton, sustainable consumpton, peace and justce, among other priorites. The goals are interconnected – ofen the key to success on one will involve tackling issues more commonly associated with another.

Other Regional Instruments, Protocols. Numerous regional commitments also underscore the importance of and uphold gender equality, including the Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa, adopted in 2003 by the African Union; the 1994 Inter- American Conventon on the Preventon, Punishment and Eradicaton of Violence against Women (the Conventon of Belem Do Para), the 2011 European Conventon on Preventng Violence against Women and Domestc Violence; and the Pacifc Islands Forum Gender Equality Declaraton of 2012. UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 13

Annex B: Gender Glossaries Gender refers to the social atributes and to men/boys in a given socio-economic group and opportunites associated with being male and context. Gender analysis broadly answers a number female and the relatonships between women and of key questons, including who does what? Who has men and girls and boys, as well as the relatons what? Who decides? How? Who wins? Who loses? between women and those between men. These atributes, opportunites and relatonships are socially Sex-Disaggregated Data is data that is collected constructed and are learned through socializaton and presented separately on men and women. processes. The concept of gender also includes the expectatons held about the characteristcs, Gender Equality (equality between women and apttudes and likely behaviours of both women and men) refers to the equal rights, responsibilites and men (femininity and masculinity). opportunites of women and men and girls and boys. Equality does not mean that women and men will Gender roles and expectatons are learned. They become the same but that women’s and men’s rights, are context/ tme-specifc and changeable. Gender responsibilites and opportunites will not depend on determines what is expected, allowed and valued in a whether they are born male or female; it means that woman or a man in a given context. In most societes women and men have equal conditons for realizing there are diferences and inequalites between their full human rights and for contributng to, and women and men in responsibilites assigned, actvites beneftng from, economic, social, cultural and undertaken, access to and control over resources, politcal development. Gender equality is therefore as well as decision-making opportunites. Gender the equal valuing by society of the similarites and is part of the broader socio-cultural context. Other the diferences of men and women, and the roles important criteria for socio-cultural analysis include they play. It is based on women and men being full class, race, poverty level, ethnic group and age. The partners in their home, their community and their concept of gender is vital because, applied to social society. analysis, it reveals how women’s subordinaton (or men’s dominaton) is socially constructed. As such, Gender equality implies that the interests, needs the subordinaton can be changed or ended. It is not and priorites of both women and men are taken into biologically predetermined nor is it fxed forever. consideraton – recognizing the diversity of diferent groups of women and men. Gender equality is not a Sex describes the biological diferences between men ‘women’s issue’ but should concern and fully engage and women, which are universal and determined at men as well as women. Equality between women and birth. men is a human rights issue and as a preconditon for, and indicator of, sustainable people-centred Gender Analysis is the collecton and analysis of development. sex-disaggregated informaton. Men and women both perform diferent roles. This leads to women Gender Equity is the process of being fair to men and men having diferent experience, knowledge, and women. To ensure fairness, measures must talents and needs. Gender analysis explores these ofen be put in place to compensate for the historical diferences so policies, programmes and projects can and social disadvantages that prevent women and identfy and meet the diferent needs of men and men from operatng on a level playing feld. Equity is women. Gender analysis also facilitates the strategic a means. Equality is the result. use of distnct knowledge and skills possessed by women and men. Gender Parity refers to “equal numbers of men and women at all levels of the organizaton. It must Gender analysis is not about comparing men/boys include signifcant partcipaton of both men and and women/girls as diferent biological beings; it is women, partcularly at senior levels. Gender parity is about recognising relatons of power that structure one of several integrated mechanisms for improving social, politcal and economic systems, beneftng organizatonal efectveness.” some while marginalising others. A gender analysis is a social analysis to distnguish the resources, actvites, potentals and constraints of women/girls relatve 14 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

“Gender parity at the United Natons is an urgent on the basis of equality in all spheres of society, need – and a personal priority. It is a moral duty and including partcipaton in the decision-making an operatonal necessity. The meaningful inclusion process and access to power, are fundamental for of women in decision-making increases efectveness the achievement of equality, development and peace and productvity, brings new perspectves and (Beijing Declaraton, para 13, 1995).” solutons to the table, unlocks greater resources and strengthens eforts across all the three pillars of our Gender-based Violence is a form of discriminaton work. “ that seriously inhibits women’s ability to enjoy - Secretary-General of the United Natons, António rights and freedoms on a basis of equality with men. Guterres Gender- based violence, which impairs or nullifes the enjoyment by women of human rights and Empowerment is about people -women, men and fundamental freedoms under general internatonal otherwise- taking control over their lives: setng their law or under human rights conventons, is own agendas, gaining skills, building self-confdence, discriminaton within the meaning of Artcle 1 of solving problems and developing self-reliance. No (CEDAW).” one can empower another: only the individual a. “…any act of violence that results in, or is likely to can empower herself or himself to make choices result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or to speak out. However, insttutons including or sufering to women, including threats of such internatonal cooperaton agencies can support acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivaton of liberty, processes that can nurture self-empowerment of whether occurring in public or in private life.” individuals or groups. b. “…any harmful act that is perpetrated against a person’s will and that is based on socially Empowerment is process of awareness and associated diferences between males and capacity building leading to greater partcipaton, to females. As such violence is based on socially greater decision-making power and control, and to ascribed diferences. (G)ender-based violence transformatve acton. At the core of empowerment includes, but it is not limited to sexual violence. is POWER. c. While women and girls of all ages make up the majority of the victms, men and boys are also Empowerment of women concerns women both direct and indirect victms. It is clear that gaining power and control over their own lives. It the efects of such violence are both physical and involves awareness-raising, building self-confdence, psychological, and have long term detrimental expansion of choices, increased access to and consequences for both the survivors and their control over resources and actons to transform communites.” the structures and insttutons which reinforce and perpetuate gender discriminaton and inequality. Confict-related sexual violence refers to rape, The process of empowerment is as important as the sexual slavery, forced prosttuton, forced pregnancy, goal. Empowerment comes from within; women forced aborton, enforced sterilizaton, forced empower themselves. Inputs to promote the marriage, and any other form of sexual violence of empowerment of women should facilitate women’s comparable gravity perpetrated against women, artculaton of their needs and priorites and a more men, girls or boys that is directly or indirectly linked actve role in promotng these interests and needs. to a confict. This link may be evident in the profle Empowerment of women cannot be achieved in a of the perpetrator (ofen afliated with a State or vacuum; men must be brought along in the process non-State armed group, including a terrorist entty or of change. Empowerment should not be seen as a network), the profle of the victm (who is frequently zero-sum game where gains for women automatcally an actual or perceived member of a persecuted imply losses for men. Increasing women’s power in politcal, ethnic or religious minority, or is targeted empowerment strategies does not refer to power on the basis of actual or perceived sexual orientaton over, or controlling forms of power, but rather to and gender identty), the climate of impunity alternatve forms of power: power to; power with (which is generally associated with State collapse), and power from within which focus on utlizing cross-border consequences (such as displacement individual and collectve strengths to work towards or trafcking in persons) and/ or violatons of the common goals without coercion or dominaton. provisions of a ceasefre agreement. “Women’s empowerment and their full partcipaton UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 15

The term also encompasses trafcking in persons as well as men’s concerns and experiences an when commited in situatons of confict for the integral dimension of the design, implementaton, purpose of sexual violence/exploitaton. monitoring and evaluaton of policies and programmes in all politcal, economic and societal “Sexual violence is a brutal form of physical spheres so that women and men beneft equally and psychological warfare rooted in the gender and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultmate goal inequality extant not only in zones of confict, but in is to achieve gender equality”. (ECOSOC Agreed our everyday personal lives. the persistence of such Conclusions 1997/2) forms of violence undermines peace and security and shaters community and family tes. the preventon Gender-responsive objectves are programme of sexual violence must remain one of our highest and project objectves that are non-discriminatory, priorites.” equally beneft women and men and aim at - Secretary-General of the United correctng gender imbalances. Natons, António Guterres Gender Perspectves: Examining each issue from Women’s Rights are the human rights of women the point of view of women and men to identfy and of the child which are an inalienable, integral diferences in their needs and priorites, as well as and indivisible part of universal human rights. The full in their abilites or potental to promote peace and and equal partcipaton of women in politcal, civil, development. economic, social and cultural life, at the natonal, regional and internatonal levels, and the eradicaton References: of all forms of discriminaton on grounds of sex are - Molyneux, Maxine ‘Mobilisaton without priority objectves of the internatonal community. Emancipaton? Women’s Interests, States and Revoluton in Nicargua’; Feminist Studies II, 2, 1985. - UNIFEM; Focusing on Women –UNIFEM’s experience Discriminaton against women. As defned in in mainstreaming, 1993 Artcle 1 (of CEDAW), “discriminaton against women’ - Beijing Declaraton, 1995 shall mean any distncton, exclusion or restricton - Status of Women Canada, Gender-Based Analysis: A made on the basis of sex which has the efect or guide for policy-making, 1996 purpose of impairing or nullifying the recogniton, - OECD, DAC Source Book on Concepts and Approaches enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespectve of Linked to Gender Equality (1998); their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and - March, C., Smyth I., Mukhopadhyay M., A Guide to women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms Gender-Analysis Frameworks; Oxfam, 1999 in the politcal, economic, social, cultural, civil or any - Ofce of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues and other feld.” the Advancement of Women, United Natons (CH rev. August 2001) - UNESCO, Gender Mainstreaming Implementaton Gender-mainstreaming is a process rather than Framework, 2003. a goal. Eforts to integrate gender into existng - UN Security Council Resolutons on Women, Peace insttutons of the mainstream have litle value for and Security (2000-2015) their own sake. We mainstream gender concerns to achieve gender equality and improve the relevance of development agendas. Such an approach shows that the costs of women’s marginalizaton and gender inequalites are born by all.

UN ECOSOC describes gender mainstreaming as “the process of assessing the implicatons for women and men of any planned acton, including legislaton, policies or programmes, in all areas and at all levels. It is a strategy for making women’s 16 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 Annex C: UNSF Gender Commitments Gender UNSF C: Annex UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020 17

END NOTES

1. FGS - NDP 2017 - 2019. For the frst time in over 30 years, in December 2016, the Federal government presented a ‘national owned – nationally led’ national development plan. Federal Government as well as the state level plans recognize–to varying degrees–the imperative of addressing gender inequalities and empowering women. 2. Referred to as Maputo Protocol. 3. SDG 5, specifcally, aims at gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls, including in representation and decision- making at all levels and in access to economic and other resources and opportunities A complete list of targets is available at ttps:// sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg5. 4. ‘The New Way of Working’ approach takes in to account collective outcomes to be delivered over a multi-year time frame (3 to 5 years generally) by leveraging comparative advantage of actors—development, humanitarian—involved. For further details refer to the OCHA Booklet at: https://www.unocha.org/sites/unocha/fles/NWOW%20Booklet%20low%20res.002_0.pdf A comprehensive list of international and regional conventions and instruments and UN resolutions relevant to gender equality and the empowerment of women and this Gender Strategy is aligned with is provided in Annex A. 5. Protection of girls as well as boys is a central element of the Convention of the Rights of the Child (CRC). CRC was ratifed by the Federal Government of Somalia in 2015, which was a major step forward in recognising the protection of girl child as a critical need to advance their full potential and protect their human rights. 6. 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview, UNOCHA, Available from: https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/fles/resources/20172911_ somalia_humanitarian_needs_overview_2018.pdf 7. MoWHRD inter alia, is mandated to strengthen women’s participation in political and public decision-making processes; in particular, to advance the role of Somali Women as peace-builders, as economic actors and as fgures central to the promotion of community stability and social cohesion. 8. There was “no dedicated ‘gender markers’ to measure real progress”, weak monitoring or evaluation and no gender disaggregated data. Overseas Development Institute (ODI) 2016, Independent Review of Somali New Deal Compact 9. “The institutionalization of gender mainstreaming and women’s empowerment is yet to become a truly non-negotiable agenda and fully integrated in the work of the United Nations (UN) in Somalia”. UNSA, 2017. 10. “Implement a two-pronged strategy combining broad-based gender specifc interventions, including a focus on women’s leadership and decision-making role and prevention of SGBV, with an approach to institutionalization of gender mainstreaming in its political, humanitarian and development assistance”, UN Strategic Framework, pp.31-32. 11. This has further reference to the UN Gender Scorecard exercise undertaken in 2014 which highlighted inadequacy in the way the UN Somalia promotes GEWE. The exercise recommended the adoption of an accountability framework on gender for the integrated UN Mission in Somalia, encompassing the different arms of the mission: political, development and humanitarian. 12. UN Somalia senior management refers to the senior leadership of the Mission and Agencies, Funds and Programmes. 13. Representation in regional parliaments vary from 3% in Puntland (lowest) to 21% in Southwest (highest). 14. UNSF page 16 15. This refers to the UN’s Senior Management Group, UN Country Team, Programme Management Team, Integrated Coordination Offce (IO), Security Management Team, Operations Management Team and the aid-coordination mechanisms SDRF and Pillar Working Groups. 16. MoWHRD and the GTG will act as resource to support the process. The GTG will provide tools, offer guidance and methods and MoWHRD will ensure political support and commitment from the end of the government. 17. Particularly the Ministries of Federalization and Reconciliation, Constitutional Affairs, Parliamentary Committee on Constitutional Review, the National Independent Electoral Commission. 18. This relates to all national conferences and dialogues on political and reconciliation processes, security related forum and conventions such as National Security Forum held in 2017, bi-annual partnership Forum involving FGS, FMS, donors, partners and the UN. The UN shall leverage its convening authority, coordination mandate and advisory and advocacy roles. 19. This will be particularly signifcant in channeling efforts to improving women’s access to justice, enhancing women’s role in traditional dispute resolution mechanisms as well as formal justice sectors institutions, including prosecutors, judges. 20. PMT and cluster leads have been identifed as the lead for several action points under this objective. While they provide leadership and 18 UN SOMALIA GENDER EQUALITY STRATEGY 2018-2020

oversight, the GTG shall provide technical guidance, tools and ensure quality assurance. 21. Gender marker is particularly relevant to monitor investment in gender equality as applied by UN development entities and set out in the IASC policy on Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women in Humanitarian Action. 22. An inventory of gender substantive capacity and the UN staff training information desegregated by sex shall be developed to establish benchmark and periodically updated and disseminated. 23. For UN’s humanitarian work, the Interagency Standing Committee Guidelines for gender mainstreaming shall be regarded as the minimum standard. Application of 3W framework while approaching gender mainstreaming shall be ensured. 24. Who does, What, Where humanitarian framework of analysis. 25. For district level interventions, only in those districts where the UN currently has access and through CRESTA, JPLG and humanitarian actors. 26. This includes meeting a minimum set standard of gender sensitivity in their internal policies, presence of minimum gender capacity, policies for the prevention of and response to sexual exploitation and abuse, including sexual harassment and a reporting system. 27. The GTG will provide analysis, tools and data to the PMT and will take lead to demonstrate commitment and accountability. 28. See Annex 2: UN Key Mandates Promoting Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment and the United Nations Security Council’s Women Peace and Security Framework and commitments. 29. UN actors of HCT PSEA Task Force shall be engaged as well to ensure compliance across the system. 30. Besides contributing to a positive environment, this will greatly assist the Organisation—Mission and AFPs—to attain its gender parity targets by 2030. 31. This action will involve various coordination mechanisms across the system, in particular Operations Management Team, Conduct and Discipline Working Group, the Offce of UNSOM Chief of Staff and the Offce of Director of Mission Support of UNSOS. 32. UN Somalia Senior Leadership in this context refers to the senior leadership of UNSOM, UNSOS, UN Agencies, Funds and Programmes working in Somalia. 33. PMT will be primarily responsible for this, UNCT will have an assurance responsibility 34. Bi-annual state of Gender Equality Results by SMG will be one such intervention. Besides, PMT, UNCT, SMG will address/report on GEWE issues on a periodical basis (could be quarterly). 35. PMT will undertake and GTG provides tools and guidance. 36. MPTF, SDRF shall be the forum to do so; GTG will provide technical guidance; PMT will ensure its application; PMT, UNCT and SMG will report on it. Investment in gender equality will be an indicator. Meeting agenda PMT, UNCT and SMG will be indicators. 37. In his Compact with the Secretary General, the Special Representative of the Secretary General commits to deliver gender results, and promoting the WPS agenda. The compact provides benchmarks, targets and measures of performance, the outcome of which is assessed annually. Similar initiatives and/or new initiatives such as setting annual gender equality goals by Heads of Agencies and UNSOM Sections Chiefs. 38. This is in line with the SG’s priority to achieve gender parity and it would be more of periodical update at UNCT and SMG.

Cover Photos By Ilyas Ahmed & Tobin Jones