World Bank Document

ReportNo. 1200b-IVC FILEGOPY Ivory Coast:Appraisal of the UrbanDevelopment Project

November15, 1976 Public Disclosure Authorized Urban ProjectsDepartment

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Documentof the Worid Bank

Thisdocument hasa restricteddistribution and may be usedby recipients only in the performanceof their officiai duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosedwithout World Bankauthorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

Currency Unit - CFA Franc (CFAP) US$1.00 - CFAF 225 CFAF 1 million - US$4,444 Fiscal Year: Borrower - January 1 - December 31 SETU/ CCI/BNEC - October 1 - September 30

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

I meter (m) - 3.28 feet (ft) 1 kilometer (km) - 0.62 mile (mi) 1 squ1re kilometer (km ) - 0.386 square mile (sq. mi.) I metric ton (m ton) - 2,204 pounde (lb) 1 hectare (ha) 2 - 2.47 acres 1 square meter (m ) - 10.76 square feet 1 liter (1) 3 - 0.26 US gallons 1 cubic meter (m ) - 264 US gallons FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

List of Abbreviations

ARSO - Autorité Régionale du Sud-Ouest AURA - Atelier d'Urbanisme pour la Région d'Abidjan BCEOM - Bureau Central d'Equipement d'Outre-Mer BNEC - Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Crédit BNETD - Bureau National des Etudes Techniques de Développement BSIE - Budget Spécial d' Investissement et d'éeQuiDemPrt CAA - Caisse Autonome d'Amortissement CCCE - Caisse Centrale de Coopération Economique CCI - Crédit de la Cote d'Ivoire CET - Caisse d'Equipement des Terrains CIDRA - Commission Interministérielle pour le Développement de la Région d'Abidjan DATAR - Direction de l'Amenagement du Territoire et l'Action Régionale DC - Direction de la Construction DPP - Direction des Programmes Pluriannuels DPW - Direction des Travaux Publics DUA - Direction de l'Architecture et de l'Urbanisme EECI - Energie Electrique de la Côte d'Ivoire FNA - Fond National de l'Assainissement FNH - Fond National de l'Hydraulique GOIC - Government of the Ivory Coast LEM - Lotissement a Equipement Minimum MCH - Mother-Child Health MCU - Ministère de la Construction et de l'Urbanisme MPWT - Ministère des Travaux Publics et des Transports OPEI - Office pour la Promotion des Entreprises Industrielles OSHE - Office pour le Soutien d'Habitat Economique PMI - Protection Maternelle et Infantile SADU - Service Autonome du Domaine Urbain SAH - Service Autonome de l'Hydraulique Humaine SETU - Société d'Equipement des Terrains Urbains SICOGI - Société Ivoirienne de Construction et Gestion Immobilière SODECI - Société de Distribution d'Eau de la Cote d'Ivoire SOGEFIHA - Société de Gestion Financière de l'Habitat SOTRA - Société des Transports Abidjanais USAID - United States Agency for International Development

Thisdocument hms à ruitctd distributionnd may be ueedby rocipientsonly in theperformance of thoirofficial duti. lItscontente may not otherwlu be diacloeedwithout Worid Bank authoriutton.

IVORY COAST

APPRAISAL OF THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

Table of Contents

Page No.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ...... i-iii

I. INTRODUCTION ...... o...... 1

II. BACKGROUND ...... 3

A. Economic Setting ...... 3 B. The Urban Sector ...... 3 C. Abidjan ...... 5 D. Development Issues and Project Rationale ...... 7

III. THE PROJECT ...... 9

A. Objectives ...... 9 B. Detailed Features ...... 10

IV. COST ESTIMATES, FINANCING AND COST RECOVERY ...... 16

A. Cost Estimates ...... 16 B. Financing ...... 18 C. Cost Recovery ...... 20

V. EXECUTION ...... 22

A. Implementing Agencies ...... 22 B. Procurement ...... 23 C. Distribution of Lots, Beneficiaries and Affordability ...... 23 D. Disbursements ...... 26 E. Maintenance and Management ...... * ...... 27 F. Supervision and Monitoring ...... 28

VI. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ...... o...... 29

VII. RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 31

This report is based on the findings and recommendations of appraisal missions in November - December, 1975 composed of Messrs. C. Delapierre (Chief of Mission), J. Bloom, C. Rietveld, B. Veuthey and P. Watson, and in March 1976, Messrs. Delapierre, Verdier, Veuthey and Bloom. Messrs. M. Cohen and P. Midgley also assisted in the appraisal. Mr. A. Votaw of USAID, Office of Housing, Abidjan, joined both missions in appraisal of the shelter component of the project. Ms. Tager assisted in preparation of this report. -2-

TABLES

1. Overall Cost of the Project 2. Financing Plan 3. Disbursements

ANNEXES

1. Abidjan, Background Information 2. Housing and Financial Institutions 3. Transport Component, Detailed Costs, Design Standards and Specifications 4. Shelter Component, Detailed Costs, Design Standards and Specifications 5. Small Loans Component 6. Technical Assistance 7. Cost Recovery and Cash Flow 8. Project Justification - Transport 9. Project Justification - Shelter

CHAPTS

Ministry of Public Works and Transportation M'inistry of Construction and Urban Development SETU ARSO Project Implementation Schedule

PHOTOGRAPHS

Typical Conditions and Proposed Improvements Aerial View of Five Sites

SKETCHES

Example of Existing Conditions (Abobo)

MAP S

Urbanization in the Ivory Coast No. 12092 Project - Elements - Location in Abidjan " 12083 Urbanization of Abidjan " 12085 Traffic Improvement Measures, Plateau " 12086 Public Transport Traffic Flows for 1973-80 " 12090 Abobo Gare Slum Upgrading Site " 12087 Indicative LEM-Type Layout " 12088 Indicative BNETD/BCEOM-Type Layout " 12089 San Pedro, Location of Bardo Project " 12091 IVORY COAST

APPRAISAL OF THE URBAN DEVELOPMIENT PROJECT

SUMMARYAND CN)MCLUSIONS i. The main objectives of the proposed project reflect changes in the Government's urban policy in shelter and transport. They are to: (a) improve access to urban services for low-income groups, (b) support the institutional development required to implement the reoriented shelter and transport programs, and (c) develop a planning and programming capability to systematically re-examine urban sector priorities and define an appropriate growth strategy and investment program for Abidjan under capital constraints. ii. The Ivory Coast, has had an impressive and sustained record of economic growth of over 7% a year in real terms over the past 25 years. The growth of the urban sector in general, and Abidjan in particular, has been one of the most visible aspects of the Ivory Coast's economic development. Con- certed efforts at directing growth away from Abidjan are under way but they are not expected to affect significantly Abidjan's growth until the early 1980's at the earliest. A realistic assessment of Abidjan's growth prospects indicates that the city is likely to grow from 1.0 million in 1975 to some 1.65 million by 1980, and to 2.2 million by 1985. iii. The strategy reflected in the project stems from a series of analyses carried out by the Government in 1974 and 1975 under the comprehensive Abidjan Urban Development Study financed by the Bank under the Second and Third Highway Projects (Ln. 761-IVC and 837-IVC) and by French technical assistance grants. At the same time, the USAID Office of Housing undertook an independent examination of shelter sector problems and policies and the Caisse Centrale pour la Cooperation Economique (CCCE) helped begin pilot efforts at slum upgrading and site and services development, which now form a cornerstone of shelter sector programs. Institutional development concentrated on reform of housing finance management through the setting up of the Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Credit (BNEC), to manage earmarked public funds and to advise on and monitor Government guaranteed borrowings in the shelter sector, and as a financial intermediary for housing loans. Government institutional and policy changes aim at (a) reorientation of housing programs towards lower income groups through lowering standards and costs of urban services, and (b) reducing subsidies by cost recovery from direct beneficiaries. In the transport sector, policies have also been redirected away from the provision of high cost infrastructure towards improving the performance of the existing system and favoring public transport.

iv. The three main components of the proposed project are:

1. Transport

(a) construction of the priority western section (8.6 km) of the East-West Highway; and - il -

(b) traffic management measures in the central business district.

2. Shelter

(a) a slum upgrading and site and services program for about 220,000 inhabitants including primary schools, health centers and community facilities on six sites, totalling 316 ha in Abidjan and 60 ha in San Pedro;

(b) a low-cost housing program in Abidjan;

(d) construction of two trunk sewers to serve the Abidjan project sites and other neighborhoods.

3. Technical Assistance

(a) support to the Ministry of Public Works and Transport for the staffing of a Traffic Bureau;

(b) support to the Ministry of Construction and Urbanism (i) to formulate project and program responses to changing shelter sector policies; and (ii) to carry out a ten-year development study and prepare a public investment program for Abidjan; and

(c) support to the BNEC for staff development and training for both the public fund management and financial intermediary roles. v. Total project costs are estimated at US$122.3 million (US$97.9 million net of taxes), with the foreign exchange component of US$63 million (51%). The proposed loans totalling US$44 million will finance 45% of total cost net of taxes and 70% of the foreign exchange costs. USAID, through a US$21 million Housing Guarantee Program, will finance jointly slum upgrading, site and services, technical assistance, and in parallel the low-cost housing program. Together the Bank and USAID will cover 66% of project costs net of taxes, covering all the foreign exchange component and US$2 million of local costs. The Bank funds will be lent to the Government and USAID funds will be lent to BNEC under Government guarantees. The funds for the transport component will be made available to the Ministry of Public Works and Transport, which will be in charge of implementing this part of the project. The funds for the shelter component will be channelled as follows: (a) through the BNEC for the upgrading and site and services infrastructure, low cost housing program and the line of credit for construction loans; (b) through the Ministry of Construction and Urbanism for the schools and community facilities, and (c) through the Fonds National d'Assainissement (FNA) for the trunk sewer. The funds for technical assistance will be directly channelled to the agencies concerned. - iii - vi. Although cosL recovery mechanisms exist in the Ivory Coast, housing programs have typically been heavily subsidized and costs not directly recovered. In this project, in order to maximize the provision of improved services to the majority of the population under conditions of limited resources, the Government has agreed to a major program of direct cost recovery from beneficiaries. This will be done through a combination of payments for lot puirchasing and leasing, property taxes, sewerage, drainage, water and electricity surcharges, and a betterment tax for the areas to be upgraded in Abidjan. The program will ensure a flow of funds so that the project can be replicated, while still allowing households with incomes as low as the 20th percentile of the income distribution to afford to lease lots. Since many households will sub-let parts of their lots, the project will also reach some beneficiaries with lower incomes. vii. Procurement will follow Bank Guidelines for international competitive bidding for all major contracts, and local competitive procedures acceptable to the Bank for small facilities and infrastructure. Contracts will be divided into components within the capacity of local contractors (with grouping permitted to attract international competitors); domestic manufacturers will be given a preference of 15% or the level of applicable duty, whichever is less. US$350,000 for the foreign cost of detailed engineering consultant services, for starting the Ten-Year Development Study, and for the creation of the Traffic Bureau will be financed retroactively. The Bank loans will be disbursed to cover 43% of civil works and 70% of equipment for the transport component, 60% of infrastructure for the shelter component, and 60% of consultant services for the technical assistance component. For the site and services and slum upgrading programs and the technical assistance to BNEC and the Ministry of Construction and Urban Development, the Bank loans will be disbursed pari passu with the USAID Housing Guarantee Program funds to each cover 30% of costs. viii. The economic rate of return on the various project components exceeds 30%. The justification of the transport investment is based on an evaluation of the first year rate of return which indicates that the minimum investment proposed is justified and of high priority. Justification of the shelter component is based on an evaluation of rental value increases that are expected to accrue as a result of the project. The estimated weighted average economic rate of return for all project components for which benefits have been quantified and which amount to 72% of total project costs is 43%. ix. The proposed project is suitable for a Bank loan of US$30 million at the prevailing interest rate for a 20 year term including 4 years of grace for principal, and a Third Window Loan of US$14 million on the standard Third Window Loan terms of 25 years including 7 years of grace and at an interest rate of 4% per annum less than the interest rate on the Bank loan.

IVORY COAST

APPRAISAL OF THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

I. INTRODUCTION

1.01 The Government of the Ivory Coast has requested a Bank loan to help finance a project in Abidjan and San Pedro consisting of construction of a priority urban highway, implementation of a short-term traffic improvement program, a shelter program comprising site and services, slum upgrading, low cost housing, and technical assistance for institutional development and long- term urban planning and investment programming. The Government has also requested USAID Housing Guarantee Program assistance for the shelter component. The main objectives of the project are to finance transport and shelter infrastructure, within a policy framework of reorienting investment towards lower cost housing and public transport, and to develop and strengthen the capabilities of new and existing local institutions to respond to the changing transport and shelter needs of one of the world's most rapidly growing urban populations.

1.02 The proposed project supports the new thrust of Government policy and programs in the transport and housing sectors. It will initiate a comprehensive package of traffic management measures to favor public transport operations, and to dissuade private automobile usage; it would also relieve a severe capacity shortage on the main highway axis leading out of the city to the interior. It would demonstrate new approaches to upgrading of existing slum and squatter areas, and to the provision of minimal infrastructure and services in new development areas, aimed at improving shelter and environmental quality for lower income families who constitute the greater mass of Abidjan's residents. It would include institutional support for the Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Credit (BNEC), a housing bank set up in 1975 and now designated by the Government to manage and channel earmarked Govern- ment housing funds and to advise on and monitor Government guaranteed external borrowings for shelter programs undertaken by various Government and parastatal agencies. It would support the development of the new Traffic Bureau created to implement the proposed traffic management measures, and will provide technical training for its staff.

1.03 The proposed project has evolved from the 1974-1975 Abidjan Urban Development Study financed under the Second and Third Highway projects (Ln.761-IVC and Ln.837-IVC) and carried out by the consultants BCEOM/BNETD (France/Ivory Coast). The study was also partly financed by French technical assistance grants. Based on the results of this study, the Government concluded that a near term development strategy through 1980 for metropolitan Abidjan should consist of: (a) redirecting much of the planned development in the Banco to available land in the existing built-up area, (b) upgrading infrastructure in tie existLag built-up area to permit more intensive development, and (c) encouraginT nTfw re sLl;e:.AL dîiilopment closer to existing - 2 - employment centers. The area of Koumassi on the Ile de Petit Bassam, the Adjame area on the Plateau and the rapidly-growing Abobo area to the north of the Plateau, were selected to absorb Abidjan's rapid population growth (see Map 12083). Beyond 1980, intensive development of the Banco could follow at a pace that would permit closer integration of secondary and tertiary employment both within and near the Banco area, and that would be consistent with a more gradual development of transport capacity on the main East-West corridor.

1.04 The Abidjan Study also analyzed current public housing policy and programs and proposed a series of institutional and financial reforms in the housing sector. These proposals were discussed with Bank project preparation missions during late 1975. At the same time, the USAID Office of Housing had independently arrived at similar conclusions with regard to institutional reform. The French bilateral aid agency, Caisse Centrale de Cooperation Economique (CCCE), the main external funding source for the Government's housing programs prior to 1975, had also pressed for reforms and new policy directions. CCCE has funded a pilot slum upgrading project in the Bardo area of San Pedro and an experimental site and services scheme in Abidjan; these initiatives form the bases for the main shelter components in the proposed project.

1.05 The proposed project's orientation toward slum upgrading, site and services and low-cost housing thus reflects the combined thinking of the Government, the Bank, USAID, and CCCE on shelter sector policies and institutions. Political commitment for the proposed institutional change has now been confirmed, and the Government has initiated a number of formal actions in this regard (see paras. 2.18, 2.19, 2.21).

1.06 Implementation of the new approaches will require extensive technical assistance to the executing, planning, programming, and budgeting agencies responsible for metropolitan development. With respect to programming and budgeting, technical assistance will be provided for a development study to review investment priorities for the next decade under varying assumptions regarding metropolitan Abidjan's development.

1.07 The project preparation was coordinated through the Ministry of Public Works and Transport and the Ministry of Construction and Urbanism. This report is based on the findings of an appraisal mission comprising: Messrs. C. Delapierre (Chief of Mission), J. Bloom, C. Rietveld, B. Veuthey, and P. Watson, who visited Abidjan from November 19 to December 20, 1975. A post-appraisal mission to review the new Government's decisions regarding proposals for institutional change visited Abidjan from March 1-13, 1976. Messrs. M. Cohen, B. Verdier, and P. Midgley also assisted in the appraisal. Mr. A. Votaw of the USAID Office of Housing, Abidjan, joined both missions in appraisal of the shelter component of the project. - 3 -

II. BACKGROUND

A. Economic Setting

2.01 Few countries in the world, developed or developing, can match the economic record of the Ivory Coast, surpassing an average growth rate of 7% a year in real terms over the past 25 years. 1/ GNP per capita stood at US$450 in 1974. In mid-1976, the porulation was estimated at 6.7 million, on a laVd area of some 333,000 km , and at an average density of only 21 persons/km . Cocoa, coffee, and timber are the pillars of the economy accounting for about 75% of total exports.

2.02 The Government's development strategy has been to maximize economic growth with increasing attention to income distribution. A liberal investment code, availability of land and transport facilities, and political stability attracted foreign production factors--capital, labor and technology -- to realize the country's large economic potential. In part to encourage growth outside of Abidjan, the Government is attempting to develop the economic potential of the North and Southwest regions through major infrastructure and industrial investment. It has also started a process of Ivorianization of the factors of production to reduce its dependence on foreign elements, mobilize internal savings, and increase the economic opportunities for its citizens.

B. The Urban Sector

Historical Perspective

2.03 One of the most visible consequences of the Ivory Coast's economic development has been rapid urban growth. From 1955 to 1975, the urban population grew from 0.3 to 2.2 million as the urban share of the national population grew from 13 to 34 percent. 2/ Following the establishment of a French colonial administration in the early 1900's, Abidjan and a number of towns in the interior grew at a leisurely pace along the main transport axes and as headquarters for the administrative units into which the country was divided (Map 12092).

2.04 The opening of the Vridi Canal in 1950, and subsequent creation of a deep water port, stimulated the growth of Abidjan as the major commercial center of the country. As a result of Government development policies, the growth of infrastructure, and an abundant supply of labor, Abidjan grew eight- fold from a town of some 125,000 in 1955, to a modern metropolis of nearly

1/ See IBRD, Basic Economic Mission Report on the Ivory Coast, June 1976.

2/ "Urban" defined as settlements of over 4,000. For greater detail see Annex 1. -4-

1 million in 1975, an average rate of some 11.5% a year. Other urban centers were not far behind, growing at an average annual rate of about 9% during the same period.

Migration, Employment, and Income

2.05 Massive rural-urban migration from both within the country and neighboring West African countries has been the principal factor in this growth of the urban population over the past 20 years. More recently, the Sahelian drought has contributed to this migration. While much of this migrant labor force has been absorbed in the primary sector in rural areas, significant numbers have gone to the urban centers. The Government estimated in 1975 that nearly one half of Abidjan's population and about 35% of the labor force in the secondary and tertiary sectors was of African, but non- Ivorian origin. The total urban labor force in the Ivory Coast was estimated at 514,000 in 1973 out of a total working population of 1,016,000. Urban unemployment was estimated at about 15%.

2.06 Recent estimates (1973) of urban income showed average African wage levels in the formal and informal sectors at CFAF 26,500/month (US$120) and CFAF 22,000/month (US$95) respectively. The median monthly income of African families was about CFAF 37,500 (US$166). In 1976 it is estimated to be about CFAF 45,000 (US$200). The minimum legal wage level for unskilled labor of CFAF 19,000/month (US$84) (effective January 1, 1976) represented the 20th percentile in Abidjan. 1/

2.07 The urban sector is expected to continue on its rapid growth path for at least the next decade. Ambitious plans for rapid development imply con- tinued reliance on foreign factors of production. While Government policies on farm prices, agricultural diversification, and rural/regional development seek to redirect growth from Abidjan to other urban centers and rural areas, these efforts cannot be expected to reduce significantly the projected growth of the capital in the short term. Extrapolating past trends and assuming little change in official policy towards foreign African migrants, Abidjan would reach a population of about 1.65 million by 1980, representing an annual growth rate of 10.5%; it would reach 2.2 million by 1985, the slower growth rate being due in part to the impact of changing labor supply conditions and Government decentralization policies. These growth rates imply the addition of around 100,000 persons per year until 1985. An almost parallel growth of about 1 million should be expected in other urban centers. With the rural population expected to grow by just under 1 million in the coming decade, the share of the urban population in the national total will go from 34% in 1975 to about 42% in 1980, and 47% in 1985.

1/ These are estimated following a survey of expenditures, particularly rents and housing related expenditures, of African families in Abidjan carried out in 1973 by the BCEOM/BNETD consultants. The average family had 1.33 wage earners; about 25% of the families received rental incomes averaging CFAF 6,000/month (US$27). C. Abidian

2.08 Situated on a topographic.all3difficuilt coastal site, Abidjan 2 2 currently covers a total area of sone 261.km' Some 28 km were urbanized by early 1963; the growth of the urbanized area has been swift; by 1973 it 2 was 51 km , with 57% in residential and 43% in other uses (Map 12085). Dur- ing the same decade, the population grew from 290,000 to 790,000. The average net residential density grew from 210 pers./ha in 1963 to 270 pers./ha in 1973. Although low compared to many other African and Asian cities, there are large density variations among the residential zones, ranging from 45 pers./ha in high quality, modern residential neighborhoods to around 500-600 persons/ha in the older, low/middle income areas, and to 1,000 pers./ha in newly settled squatter areas (Map 12083). (See Annex 1 for details.)

Transport and Land Use

2.09 Abidjan's topographical features -- lagoons, islands, and penin- sulas -- impose a substantial burden on the city's transport system. The problen is exacerbated by the imbalanced location of employment and population. Industrial employment is almost exclusively concentrated in the Port area, in Marcory, and in the Vridi industrial zone to the southwest of the Plateau. Commercial, banking, other tertiary activities, and Governnent employnent are concentrated on the Plateau, Abidjan's modern central business district. The rest of the agglomeration is largely residential, with lower- income groups living far from employment centers. Transport axes meet and cross in the central business district. Certain key movements, e.g., Banco and Adjame to the Ile de Petit Bassami,are only possible by traveling through the Plateau and across one of the two bridges, overloading a limited network in the Plateau (whose roads serve as local distributors, cross town routes, and parking lots) and contributing to heavy downtown congestion. Moreover, little attention has been given to date to the possibilities of making better use of ferries and rail facilities to complement the road based transport system. In the long term, a policy for the future growth of Abidjan will aim at better integrating employment and population. In the short run, the traffic management measures and critical infrastructure proposed under the project will relieve existing conditions (Map 12086).

2.10 Critical to accommodating the growing transport requirements of the city is the East-West Highway (Maps Nos. 12083 and 12090). The section of road known as the Route de Dabou serves several functions: it is part of the Ivory Coast trunk road system, carrying inter-city traffic and commercial traffic (including very heavy logging trucks) to the port of Abidjan; it is also part of the Abidjan urban road system, carrying commuters to their jobs in Adjame, Plateau, Treichville, and Port Bouet; and it is the only access road for Abidjan's major new development area - the Banco. It is currently a two-lane road, except for the recent addition of a third slow vehicle lane on the hill near the Agban junction. In M1ovember 1975, this road was carrying (in the Banco-Abidjan direction), 17,719 vehicles per day -- 55% cars, 20% buses, and 25% commercial vehicles. Of the cars, 66% - 6 - are urban traffie and these movements have doubled since 1973, as have the number of bus trips observed. Even if the development of the Banco can be deferred, traffic will continue to grow at 7-10% per annum, leading to volumes that technically justify the construction of a four-lane highway by 1980 as proposed in the project (Map No. 12090).

2.11 Traffic performance in the central area is quite unsatisfactory, streets being congested for several hours each day. The custom of returning home for lunch exacerbates the problem. The proposed traffic management measures will extract the maximum capacity from the existing network devoting capacity to the exclusive use of buses, creating one-way streets, coordinating traffic signals, and improving traffic signs (Map No. 12086).

Housing and Urban Services

2.12 Abidjan has witnessed a housing boom in the past decade. Between 1963 and 1973, housing stock increased by an average of 9% a year, from 63,000 to 149,000 units (Annex 1). However, the adoption of high standards, regardless of the financial capacity of the urban population, excluded the majority of those in need of shelter. The cheapest units built are affordable by only the top 50% of the population without subsidies. Even with the present level of subsidies, the needs of the bottom 35% of the population cannot be met.

2.13 Two significant features of Abidjan's housing and population patterns affect project design: nearly 80% of all residents are renters or lessees; secondly, non-Ivorians constitute nearly 50% of Abidjan's population and nearly 80% of the target group below the median income level. Although official policy does not deny access to public housing to foreigners nor legally prevent foreign private home ownership, current practice forces the migrant African to seek sub-let rental accommodation at distorted prices and with poor accessibility to services; the resultant effects on the housing market complicate the planning of future development.

2.14 According to 1973 data, only 50% of Abidjan's population had reasonable access to water, either through a private connection or through public standpipes. Almost half the population depends on private ground water sources or on private vendors who charge five times more per liter than the tariff of the public utility.

2.15 At the present time, only 20% of the Abidjan population use water- borne sewerage and another 15% use private septic tanks. Almost 65% (650,000 persons in 1975) dispose of waste water and sewage in open pits or unlined water courses. There is no official cess-pool emptying service in the city. This is particularly serious because some high density neighborhoods are susceptible to flooding and severe drainage problems each year. The need for improved sewerage in Abidjan was recognized by a UNDP/WHO study in 1973. The Bank's Sewerage and Drainage Project (Ln.1076-IVC) will contribute a substantial portion of the total investment in this sector. 2.16 Competing demands to narrow the gap in existing services between the secondary urban centers and Abidjan will ultimately restrict the availability of public funds for the city. This will imply a greater reliance on the private sector and more appropriate pricing policies. The reduction of existing service level disparities among the different neighborhoods will require an extensive process of upgrading to reach the majority of the city's residents. To meet the need at the lowest end of the income scale and to reduce public investment will require a major reorientation towards minimal servicing standards and smaller lot sizes in new development areas. A program of iraproving services in existing areas will permit higher density development in locations with better access to jobs, reducing new land requirements in the coming years. The proposed mix of site and services and upgrading in the project addresses this issue.

D. Development Issues and Project Rationale

2.17 As described above, the major development issue facing Abidjan over the next 5-10 years is the location of urban development. The Abidjan Urban Development Study put this issue in focus and presented to the Govern- ment a series of development alternatives which weighed the merits of infilling vs. expansion strategies. The alternatives considered ranged from rapid development of the Banco, with low development costs and high transport infra- struture requirements, to intensive development of the Koumassi area, with easy access to jobs and low transport costs, but with high reclamation costs, unknown technical feasibility, and limited capacity. As a result of discussions with Government on these alternatives, a strategy concentrating on infilling was developed involving selective intensification of land use in existing built-up areas, upgrading of services, review of Master Plan land uses to obtain closer relation of jobs and people, and a more gradual development of new expansion zones to build up infrastructure capacity in line with capital constraints.

2.18 Initial government proposals involved a 1976-1980 transport capital expenditure program of about CFAF 25 billion (US$111 million). Following discussions with Government, it was agreed that the implementation of a package of policy measures -- traffic management and preferential treatment for public transport -- would allow a large proportion of the planned investment to be postponed. Apart from the construction to reduced standards of the priority western section of the East-West Highway, only the access highway from the East-West Highway to the port would be of high priority. This re- statement of investment priorities is expected to reduce capital requirements by almost half or nearly CFAF 12 billion (US$53 million). Development of ferry services and utilization of excess rail capacity to serve commuters (both of which are under study) may lead to further reductions in both the pressure on the road system and resulting investment demands. The Govern- ment agreed that (a) the eastern extension to the East-West Highway will not be constructed during the 1976-80 Plan period, and (b) other major urban transport investments - roads, excepting the Voie de Degagement Ouest, -8 -

bridges, rail facilities, subways, etc. - will be examined within the context of the Ten-Year Development Study, and an investment program submitted for review by the Bank before actual execution.

2.19 The physical components of the project have been developed in the context of the above realignment of investment and development priorities and involve certain institutional changes for their implementation.

2.20 For the shelter sector the main institutional change involves the creation of the Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Credit (BNEC) and the dissolution of the Office pour le Soutien d'Habitat Economique (OSHE) with the BNEC taking over all previous functions and attributes of the OSHE. The new institution has three roles: (a) to manage all public funds through the Fonds d'Habitat earmarked for the shelter sector, (b) to advise on all proposed Government guaranteed external borrowings for financing of housing projects by Government and parastatal agencies and to subsequently monitor the progress of the proposed projects, and (c) to act as a financial intermediary for housing loans. A satisfactory statutory structure for BNEC, a statement of operating policies, and the rules governing the disposition of ex-OSHE funds, has been completed and agreed with the Bank. Legal measures for the formal dissolution of OSHE are a condition of effectiveness of the proposed loan. The adoption of a final statement of operating policies by BNEC's Board of Directors is a condition of disbursement of the funds allocated to the shelter component (Annex 2).

2.21 The housing policies described in 2.13, together with high costs, a low level of cost recovery, and management difficulties, resulted in a financial operating status characterized by recurrent negative cash flows for SOGEFIHA. This represents a level of debt service liability that con- stitutes a continuing drain on public tax revenues. The Government has prepared a plan for restructuring SOGEFIHA's debt and has agreed to implementing on lines satisfactory to the Bank (Annex 2).

2.22 In the transport sector, the principal institutional measure will be the creation of a Traffic Bureau which will (a) study methods of limiting the use of private cars in congested areas, such as parking restrictions, parking charges, incentives to car-pools, area licensing, (b) design and execute traffic improvement measures, and (c) provide overall coordination of urban transport modes and policies.

2.23 The important policy re-orientation represented by this project will require substantial technical assistance to develop and strengthen the agencies involved and to implement the proposed measures at the technical level. In particular, for the shelter component of the project, a Technical Coordinator in the Ministry of Construction and Urbanism has been nominated by the Government and a monitoring capacity will be established to provide feedback and policy guidance. - 9 -

III. THE PROJECT

A. Ob-i-Ct ives

3.01 The main objectives of the proposed project are:

(a) to finance transport and shelter infrastructure programs in support of new Government policies to improve access to urban services for low-inccme groups;

(b) to provide technical assistance to strengthen the institutions charged with implementing these programs; and

The Bank/AID/CCCE/Government dialogue on urban policies and programs has resulted in a package of actions that is broader in scope than that included in the project. The key complementary elements are the expansion and diversification of the bus fleet, the proposed introduction of commuter rail and ferry services, and the CCCE provision of credit to small scale artisans to create employment in the informal sector.

I. Transport

3.02 The project comprises:

(a) enhancement of road capacity for public transport operations through construction of a bus-way (2.7 km) and reserved bus lanes (1.7 km) in the central business area, and implementation of traffic improvements including creation of one-way streets and installation of integrated traffic signals, signs, and road markings; and

(b) addition of highway capacity in the metropolitan area through construction of the priority section of the East-West Highway (8.6 km), to improve arterial and trunk connections to the interior of the country.

Il. Shelter

3.03 The project comprises the following physical measures:

(a) a slun upgrading and site and services program serving about 222,000 people on six sites, totalling 316 ha in Abidjan and 60 ha in San Pedro;

(b) a low cost housing program in Abidjan; - 10 -

(c) a line of credit for small loans to project beneficiaries for lot acquisition and the purchase of construction materials; and

(d) construction of two trunk sewers to serve the project sites and other neighborhoods.

III. Technical Assistance

3.04 Technical assistance will be provided to:

(a) the Ministry of Public Works and Transport for establishment of the Traffic Bureau to (i) design and execute an implementation program for traffic improvement; (ii) coordinate urban transport planning; and (iii) study and recommend methods for limiting the use of private cars in congested areas;

(b) the Ministry of Construction and Urban Development and its land development agency SETU for supervision, coordination, and monitoring of the shelter component and for carrying out and supervising the Ten-Year Develop- ment study; and

B. Detailed Features

I. Transport

3.05 East-West Highway: The priority western section of the East-West Highway totals 8.6 km from the northern expressway to the Agban interchange (Map No. 12083). Design standards are detailed in Annex 3. The proposed construction involves a dual carriageway, two grade-separated interchanges (at Agban and Banco Nord), and at-grade intersections at Niangon (near the industrial zone) and Yopougon (at the main entrance to the Banco area). Relocation and reconstruction of some sections of existing roads and a railway overpass are also included. Consultant services (about 120 man-months) are required for construction supervision. The Ministry of Public Works has already selected the consultants BCEOM/BNETD and the National Soils Labora- tory. The advisory services include a training component for recent grad- uates of the Public Works School.

3.06 Central Area Traffic Improvements: The proposed traffic management measures will extract the maximum capacity from the existing system and will devote a portion of the capacity to the exclusive use of buses. Critical north-south and east-west axes have been identified and a one-way street - il - system has been defined to increase traffic speeds on these axes and reduce delays due to turning movements. The system of traffic lights will also be improved to control junctions that currently become blocked and to synchronize traffic lights which will increase speeds and reduce delays. Warning and information signs will be improved to make drivers more aware and facilitate traffic flows; road markings (e.g. for lanes) will be improved to promote better driver discipline and increase the effective capacity of the streets (Hap No. 12086).

Il. Shelter

3.07 The sites for the shelter component of the proposed project have been selected according to the following criteria:

(a) proximity to formal and informal sector employment opportunities, and potential for development of small-scale enterprise activities; and

(b) accessibility to current or proposed primary infrastructure networks, including transport, water, sewerage, electricity, and drainage, and to social services, including health and education.

In addition, the income level of the existing population was considered in the selection of areas to be upgraded and of the target population for the site and services and low cost housing areas.

3.08 The four sites to be upgraded in Abidjan total 211 ha currently occupied by 16,400 households on 3,610 lots (see Aerial Photography). The site to be upgraded in San Pedro totals 60 hectares (5,800 households). It has been agreed that this component will only be started upon satisfactory completion of the CCCE-financed experimental first phase. Loan funds for this component will not be disbursed until this condition has been satisfied. Two sites in Abidjan totalling 105 hectares will be used for the development of the site and services component. They will accommodate 8,250 households. The shelter program consists of providing water supply, sewerage, surface water drainage, streets, footpaths, lighting, and community facilities. Credit facilities for lot acquisition and building materials will also be available.

Sewerage and Drainage Infrastructure

3.09 The feasibility study of sewerage and drainage in Abidjan (see para 2.16) demonstrated that a pit latrine or cesspool system will not support a density greater than 100 inh./ha. under local environmental conditions. Given that the expected density on project sites will average 400 inh./ha., and that the smallest site is 20 ha., a centralized sewerage network, integrated into the primary Abidjan network, was adopted. - 12 -

3.10 Trunk Sewers: The sewage disposal network on the Abobo site requires the construction of a trunk sewer 9.7 km long with a diameter ranging from 600-900 mm, and a pumping station. The sewer will serve the whole Abobo urban development area as well as the existing residential areas of Williamsville and Deux Plateaux and will serve about 200,000 inhabitants. It will connect into the east Plateau trunk sewer financed under the Abidjan Sewerage and Drainage Project (Map No. 12083) (details in Annex 4). A 2 km 0 350 rmm trunk sewer (plus two pumping stations) will serve the Koumassi area as well as the existing adjacent neighborhoods (Prodomo and Sopim). It will have an outfall into the Ebrie Lagoon until the main trunk sewer to the ocean outfall is constructed in the early 1980's.

3.11 Community Facilities: Funds will be provided for 264 primary school classrooms for about 12,000 pupils, as a complement to the Second Education Project (Loan 1125-IVC) which focuses on primarv teacher training and vocational education.

3.12 Funds are also included for the construction of three health centers, five urban retail markets, two community centers, a public laundry facility and ten playgrounds. Standard furniture and equipment for community facilities will be provided under the project. The Government has agreed that the Ministries, Municipalities, and other agencies concerned will staff and maintain the facilities and make satisfactory budgetary provisions for covering the allocable site development and annual operating costs.

3.13 Site and Services: Two basic types of serviced lots will be provided: (i) the LEM (2,700 lots) ranging from 100 m2 to 150 mt2 (1ap No. 12088'; (ii) the BNTEJD/BCEOMtypes (115 lots) whose sizes are 128 m (Y2), 192 m (TI) and 200 m (Ul) (Map No. 12089). The gross density for both types will be about 40 units per hectare. These lots were selected from twelve studied according to the following criteria: economical layout, social habits, political acceptability, promotion of ownership, and accommodation of renters (see Annex 4).

Characteristics of Project Lots

No. of Lots Dimension Area No. Inhabit/ No. Families/ Lot Type Provided (m) (m2) Lot Lot

LEI 2,700 8 x 12.5 1500 12 2.2

Y2 375 8 x 16 128 12 2.2

T1 375 8 x 24 192 15 2.7 tJ1 375 10 x 20 200 15 2.7 - 13 -

Water and e]ectricity connections and meters will be installed by the public utility companies SODECI and EECI upon request of the user at a cost of CFAF 8,500 and CFAF 9,000 (US$38 and 40 respectively). The financing of these connections is not included in 0vle project. Only lots with water connections would be permitted to opt for individual sewerage connections, which would be financed under the project. Street lighting will be installed along major access roads and at main traffic points. The project will provide serviced sites whose monthly lease pavments range from CFAF 2,500 (US$11) for a 100 m lot only, and CFAF 5,600 (US$25) fo0 a 100 mn lot with a one-room core unit, to CFAF 5,800 (US$26) for a 200 m lot. Details are given in Annexes 4 and 5. These sites would reach households at the 20th percentile (para. 4.10) of the incorme distribution.

3.14 Upgrading: The upgrading will induce a process of more intensive development over a period estimated between 5 and 10 years. The forecast density at final development is assumed between 550 and 800 inhabitants per hectare, or a population of about 220,000 (an increase of about 60% in ten years). This is comparable to population figures in the stable low and middle income areas such as Adjame and Treichville. An example of the upgrading program - Abobo - is shown in Map No. 12087.

3.15 Low-Cost Housing Program: This component will be entirely financed under the USAID Housing Guarantee Program. 1860 units at Marcory and at Koumassi N.E. will be built corresponding to the "very economical" type of unit. This program will provide accommodation for 10,000 people between 2 the 35th and the 8Oth percentiles. The rnits have an average surface of 40 m and cost about CFAF 19,250 (US$86) per m . They will be managed and rented by SICOGI for an average of CFAF 8,000 (US$36) per month.

3.16 In connection with the above components, consulting services will be required for: detailed engineering for all infrastructure including the trunk sewers and architectural and detailed engineering for community facilities. A short-term contract for a health facility design specialist is also required. The consultants will also prepare standard sketch designs, draft tender documents and master lists of construction materials, furniture and equipment. In order to avoid delays, SETU has already awarded the contract for detailed engineering of the Koumassi N.E. site to consultants BNETD, with financing provided out of budget allocations. The project would include funds to finance retroactively the foreign exchange costs of the Abobo Gare and Abobo Nord detailed engineering studies. SETU has selected consultants BCEOM/BNETD who carried out the preliminarv engineering work for the former site and SCET IVOIRE for the latter study. Draft contracts were reviewed by Bank and USAID and approved in October 1976.

3.17 Employment Promotion: In the site and services program, 12 ha will be set aside for shopkeepers, artisans and small entrepreneurs. Lot sizes will vary between 400 m2 and 1000 m and will be located along the main streets and scattered throughout the site areas. The Caisse Centrale de Cooperation Economique (CCCE) is discussing with the Government an experimental program to help finance small business activities in the informal - 14 - sector and with expected loans generally not exceeding CFAF 1 million or US$4,500 in order to complement the small-scale enterprise project financed by the Bank (Ln. 1162-IVC). The selected entrepreneurs would acquire the lots set apart in the project sites. Although financial assistance to small entrepreneurs is not provided under the project, the Government agreed to execute the experimental small-scale enterprise component and to take appropriate measures to assure the required funding should Caisse Centrale funding not materialize.

3.18 Credit Line for Construction/Material Loans: Credit will be provided to owners in upgrading areas and purchasers and lessees of serviced sites. Loans will be made by Credit de la Cote d'Ivoire (CCI) and BNEC subject to their normal credit standards. Beneficiaries will be limited to those eligible to purchase or lease lots under the criteria detailed in para. 5.04. Average individual sub-loans are estimated to be CFAF 140,000 (US$625) for construction materials for lessees in site and services areas, CFAF 180,000 (US$800) for owners in upgrading areas, and CFAF 350,000 (US$1,466) for construction materials for purchasers of serviced sites. A combined loan for lot purchasing and building materials is expected to amount to CFAF 690,000 (US$3,022). An onlending interest rate of at least 4 percentage points above the cost of funds would cover the administrative costs and provide an adequate margin on these relatively high-risk loans; based on the anticipated blend costs of Bank, USAID and local funds, this rate is expected to be about 13%. Maximum terms of 10 years on construction materials loans and 20 years on combined lot acquisition and material loans are expected to permit eligible borrowers to repay these loans within the normal housing expenditures of about 25% of monthly income. Some 2,350 sub-loans for construction materials are expected amounting to CFAF 450 million (US$2 million). Details are given in Annex 5.

II. Technical Assistance

3.19 Technical assistance will be provided to support development of existing or newly created institutions and for urban planning for the Abidjan region (see details in Annex 6). As the needed expertise is not readily available locally, it is expected that the majority of technical assistance services will be provided by expatriates.

3.20 Ministry of Public Works and Transport. The project traffic management components in the Plateau represent the first steps in a program of traffic management for the whole of Abidjan. The initial components will be coordinated and executed by the Traffic Bureau that will be set up as part of the project. The Traffic Bureau will have the responsibility for developing and implementing a city-wide program of traffic improvements. The Traffic Bureau will require consultant assistance in its formative years. Funds are provided for three experts for two years (65 man-months) to assist in execution of the traffic improvements and for training of Ivorian counterparts. Job descriptions are summarized in Annex 6. Agreement was reached on the organization and work program of the Traffic Bureau and Terms of Reference for the consultants. - 15 -

3.21 Ministry of Construction and Urbanism (MCU). The Government has requested technical assistance to the Ministry and to SETU to implement and monitor the proposed project and help prepare future projects. Financing of the foreign costs of six experts for about two years (125 man-months) will be provided. The tasks of these experts include assisting the Project Technical Coordinator in the overall supervision of shelter component of the project; training of planning technicians; monitoring of the project components; and computerization of the data bank of the Land Administration Agency (SADU). Job descriptions are summarized in Annex 6. This component will be co-financed with USAID. The Government has agreed on a work program and on the Terms of Reference for the proposed technical assistance. Consultant selection is now underway.

3.22 The Government has also requested Bank assistance to the MCU to carry out a Ten-Year Development Study for the Abidjan region in order to prepare a medium-term investment program and resolve conflicting sectoral demands. This Study would review current urban development policies and financial resources, outline development options for Abidjan for the next decade, assist the Government in selecting a preferred strategy in the tight development objectives and financial resource constraints and define a ten- year investment program needed to implement it. Terms of Reference have been prepared and agreed with the Government ministries concerned. The project would provide funds for about 120 man-months of consultant services. The MCU as the responsible Ministry has appointed local consultants (BNETD) to prepare the data base for the study prior to appointment of study consultants. An inter-ministerial Steering Committee chaired by the MCU has been set up and an experienced expatriate Director is being hired to assist it in supervising the work of the consultants who are now being selected. The BNETD will also provide staff assistance to the Steering Committee during the course of the Study and will prepare position and issue papers on the progress of the study under the guidance of the expatriate Director. This arrangement will ensure that the Study will be appropriately supervised and that the Government will reap the full benefits of the consultant services financed under the project.

3.23 Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Credit (BNEC). Technical assistance is necessary to strengthen management, help define and implement operational policies and procedures and assist in staff development for all three aspects of BNEC's operations. The project provides funds for services of up to four experts for up to three years each. The Government and BNEC have agreed that at least one expert will be employed for the Fonds d' Habitat and one to assist in developing its Housing Bank operations. In order to assist the BNEC Director during the difficult start up period, two advisers to assist on financial and technical matters have already been recruited on terms and conditions that have been judged satisfactory by he Bank and USAID. Bank funds would finance retroactively jointly with USAID funds the foreign exchange costs of these advisers who have been in place since September 15, 1976. BNEC is currently actively seeking suitable experienced candidates for the Housing Bank and the Fonds d'Habitat operations. A summary of job descriptions is given in Annex 6. - 16 -

IV. COSTS ESTIMATES, FINANCING AND COST RECOVERY

A. Cost Estimates

4.01 The estimated total cost of the project including taxes is CFAF 27.5 billion (US$122.3 million). Foreign exchange costs (51%) amount to CFAF 14.2 billion (US$63.0 million). Taxes and customs duties amount to CFAF 5.5 billion (US$24.4 million). Base cost estimates are in 1976 prices. The cost estimates are summarized below; for details, see Table 1, Annexes 3 and 4. - tqge 17 -

ABIDJAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

SUMMARY COST ESTIMATES

(BASED ON JUNE 1976 PRICES)

IN CFAF MILLION IN US $ MILLION

LOCAL LOCAL TOTAL LOCAL LOCAL TOTAI PERCENIAGE TAXES COST FOREIGN ----- TAXES COST FOREIGN ---- FOREIGN/IOTAL

IRANSPORT

EAST-WEST HIGHWAY -SITE PREPARATION 185 306 370 861 .82 1.36 1.65 3.83 43.0 -MATERIALS 196 323 391 910 .87 1,44 1.74 4.05 43.0 -CONSTRUCTION 1312 2166 2623 6101 5.83 9.63 11.66 27.12 43.0 -CONST. SLIF'ERVISION 95 142 237 474 .42 .63 1.05 2.10 50.0

SUB-TOTAL [788 2937 3621 8346 7.94 13.06 16.10 37.10 43.0

rRAFFIC IMPROVEMENT -CIVIL WORKS 85 140 169 394 .38 .62 .75 1.75 43.0 -EO4IJlPMENT 34 17 118 169 .15 .08 .53 .76 70.0

SUB-rOTAt 119 157 28Z 563 .53 .70 1.28 2.51 5S.0

FOVAL--TRANSPORT 1907 3094 3908 8909 8.47 13.76 17.38 39.61 44.0

SHELTER

SLUM UPGRADING -LANI COMPENSATION 26 104 - 130 .12 .46 - .58 - -PRIMARY INFRA. 115 115 345 575 .51 .51 1.53 2.55 60.0 -SECON. INFRA. - 737 737 2210 3684 3.27 3.27 9.82 16.36 60.0 -DET ENG INFRASTR. 64 32 224 320 .28 .14 [.00 1.42 70.0 -COM.FACILITTES 135 169 371 674 .60 .75 1.65 3.00 55.0 -TFr. ENG. COM. FAC. 12 6 42 60 .05 .03 .19 .27 70.0

SUB-TOTAL 1089 1163 3192 5443 4.83 5.16 14.19 24.18 59.0

SITES AND SERVICES -LAND COMPENSATION 33 132 - 165 .15 .59 - .74 - -SECON. INFRA. 257 257 771 1285 1.14 1.14 3.43 5.71 60.0 -DET. ENG.INFRASTR. 10 5 34 49 .04 .02 .15 .21 69.0 -COM.FACILITIES 129 161 354 644 .57 ' .72 1.57 2.86 55.0 -DET.ENG.COM.FAC. il 6 40 57 .05 .03 .18 .26 70.0

SUB-TOTAL 440 561 1199 2200 1.95 2.50 5.33 9.78 55.0

LOW COST HOUSING 450 900 1350 2700 2.00 4.00 6.00 12.00 50.0

TRUNh SEWERS 144 144 433 722 .64 .64 1.93 3.21 60.0

SMALL LOANS - 225 225 450 - 1.00 1.00 2.00 50.0

TOTAL--SHELTER 2123 2993 6399 11515 9.42 13.30 28.45 51.17 56.0

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

-TRAFFIC BUREAU 34 34 103 172 .15 .15 .46 .76 60.0 -MIN.CONST. URBANISM 65 65 195 325 .29 .29 .87 [.45 60.0 -10 YEAR DEV.STUDY 57 42 184 283 .25 .19 .82 1.26 65.0 -BNEC 45 34 146 225 .20 .15 .65 1.00 65.0

TOTAL--TECH ASSISTANCE 201 175 628 1005 .89 .78 2.80 4.47 62.0

TOTAL BASE COST 4231 6262 10935 21429. 18.78 27.84 48.63 95.25 51.0

CONTINGENCIES

-PHYSICAL CONTIN. 386 491 989 1t66 1.71 2.18 4.40 8.29 53.0 -PRICE CONTIN. 874 1113 2241 4228 3.88 4.95 9.96 18.79 53.0

TOTAL CONTINGENCIES 1260 1604 3230 6094 5.59 7.13 14.36 27.08 53.0

GRAND TOTAL 5491 7666 14165 27S23 24.37 34.97 62.99 122.33 51.0 - 18 -

4.02 Estimates for the major project components were based on:

East-West Highway Construction Evaluation of bids received December 10, 1975

East-West Highway Supply of Evaluation of bids received Aggregates February 24, 1976

Traffic Improvements - Civil Works Detailed Engineering Completed in June 1976 - Equipment Detailed Engineering Completed in June 1976

Primary Infrastructure Shelter Preliminary Engineering Component including Trunk Sewers

Secondary/Tertiary Infrastructure - Upgrading Program Design in Pilot areas

Consultant Services - Draft Contracts under review Construction supervision

Consultant Services - Other Mission Estimates based on comparable Technical Assistance costs on other jobs in Ivory Coast

4.03 The base cost estimates set out in Table 9 were first increased by 10% to cover physical contingencies, and the total increased to cover price contingencies using the inflation factors as set out in Table 13 of Annex 4. However, no allowances for price or physical contingencies were made for the USAID guaranteed low-cost housing program; this is consistent with current practice in regard to USAID Housing Guarantee Programs of this type. On the whole, the contingency provisions account for about 25% of the total project cost (excluding the low cost housing program).

B. Financing

4.04 About 36% of the total estimated project cost (45% of total cost net of tax) or 70% of the foreign exchange cost will be financed out of the proposed Bank loans consisting of a loan of US$30 million at the current Bank interest rate, to be repaid over 20 years, including a grace period of 4 years and a Third Window Loan of US$14 million on standard Third Window Loan terms of 25 years including a grace period of 7 years, and at an interest rate of 4% per annum less than the interest rate on the Bank loan. - 19 -

FINANCING PLAN (in US$ millions)

Total/1 GOIC TOTAL % USAID Project Components Cost BSIE BNEC FNA GOIC IBRD USAID + IBRD

I. Transport 50.3 29.9 - - 29.9 20.4 - 41

II. Shelter Slum Upgrading 34.5 4.3 10.1 - 14.4 12.5 7.6 58 Sites & Services 13.5 2.8 3.2 - 6.0 5.1 2.4 56 Low Cost Housing 12.0 - 2.0 - 2.0 - 10.0 83 Trunk Sewers 4.3 - - 1.7 1.7 2.6 - 60 Small Loans 2.0 - 1.0 - 1.0 1.0 - 50

Sub Total 63.3 7.1 16.3 1.7 25.1 21.3 2.0 62

III. Technical Assistance 5.7 1.8 0.5 - 2.3 2.4 1.0 60

TOTAL 122.3 38.8 16.8 1.7 57.3 44.0 21.0 53

/1 All cost figures include contingencies.

4.05 Financial Arrangements. The Bank's borrower will be the Government. Funds for the transport component will be passed on to the Ministry of Public Works and Transport. The funds for the shelter component will be channelled as follows: (a) through the BNEC for the upgrading and site and services infrastructure, low cost housing program and the line of credit for construction loans; (b) through the Ministry of Construction and Urbanism for the schools and community facilities, and (c) through the Fonds National d'Assainissement (FNA) for the trunk sewer. The funds for technical assistance will be directly channelled to the agencies concerned. USAID guarantee funds would be lent directly to BNEC under Government guarantee. Coun- terpart funds for the transport component plus local costs of technical assistance would come from Government's capital budget (BSIE). The shelter component counterpart funds will be provided by:

(a) the capital budget (BSIE) for financing on-site roads, community facilities and relocation/compensation;

(b) the fiscal resources earmarked for low-cost housing (BNEC/Fonds d'Habitat) for the local costs of on-site, primary, secondary and tertiary infrastructure;

(d) BNEC and CCI's resources for the small loans program. - 20 -

4.06 Shelter Component Financial Flows. SETU will acquire title to the property to be serviced from the Government and proceed to create the service infrastructure using contractors. BNEC will advance the funds to SETU for these works on its normal short-term lending terms. Upon completion of the lots, 30% will be sold to individuals at a price including the cost of servicing, the capitalized interest due by SETU to the BNEC, and SETU's overhead fee. The individuals will obtain title from SETU and seek (if necessary) mortgage financing, either from the BNEC, or from other banking or traditional sources. The funds thus acquired will be paid to SETU, which will repay its advance from BNEC which will, in turn, use these funds to finance the mortgage loans to lot purchasers. Seventy percent of the lots will be transferred, with their titles, to SICOGI who will assume SETU's obligation to BNEC and will also pay SETU's interest accrued during construction and its management and overhead cost. SICOGI will then grant 20-year leases to individuals. For the San Pedro component, ARSO owns the land and will service it. Funds for payments to contractors will be advanced by BNEC. ARSO will grant 49-year leases. Lease payments to SICOGI and ARSO will serve to repay advances from BNEC. The upgrading component will be executed by SETU as agent for Government which will incur the financial obligation for repayment. Costs will be recovered through the betterment tax and the property tax. USAID funds will be lent to BNEC, on-lent to SICOGI for the low-cost housing component, and treated as above for the rest of the shelter component.

4.07 The trunk sewer construction will be executed by SETU using contractors, whose bills it will pass to FNA for payment. Cost recovery of this element will be through the 5% property tax surcharge and the water tariff surcharge. CCI and BNEC will provide credit for construction materials and lot purchase in the upgrading and site and services areas (para. 3.18). Bank funds will be channelled through BNEC combined with local resources, and onlent by CCI and BNEC. Thus, BNEC will serve both as a housing bank with its autonomous savings division on its own account, carrying the credit risk on subloans, and as the Government's agent managing all public funds flowing to the shelter component.

C. Cost Recovery

4.08 Transport: All transport component costs will be recovered through road user charges.

4.09 Shelter: During the life of the project, approximately 70% of the shelter component costs will be recovered -- 75% from direct charges on beneficiaries (i.e., lease and purchase payments and the betterment tax) and 25% from specific taxes and tariffs (e.g., water charges, sewerage surcharges). The remaining 30% will be recovered from property taxes. With the excep- tion of the betterment tax, mechanisms for collecting these payments and taxes already exist. Under existing enabling legislation the betterment - 21 - tax will permit the Government to recover 50% of increases in property values that result from public investments in special areas declared "d'utilite publique." As a condition of effectiveness of the proposed loans, the Government has agreed to éxecute the appropriate legal instruments to define the scope of the tax and make it operational. The allocation of costs to different components and the appropriate recovery mechanisms are as follows:

Investment Cost Recovery of the Shelter Component

Source Component (in US$ million) of Recovery

1. Slum Upgrading (i) Abidjan

Primary Infrastructure - - Roads 0.46 - Road user charges - Sewerage 0.70 - Supplement to water tariff - Drainage 2.26 - Supplement to Property Tax - Electricity .24 - Surcharge on electricity rates TOTAL PRIMARY 3.66

Secondary Infrastructure - Roads 6.30 ) - Sewerage 2.60 ) - Betterment tax - Water Supply 1.20 ) and property tax - Surface Water Drainage 5.20 ) - Electricity 0.50 TOTAL SECONDARY/TERTIARY 15.80

(ii) San Pedro - Roads 2.40 ) - Sewerage 1.50 ) - Water Supply 0.50 ) - Payments on leases - Surface Water Drainage 1.30 ) - Electricity 1.20 ) - Connections 0.70 ) TOTAL 7.60

2. Sites and Services - Secondary Infra- structure 5.80 - Payments on leases and sales - Tertiary 2.00

TOTAL 7.80

3. Low Cost Housing 10.00 - Rental payments

TOTAL 44.86 - 22 -

Cost Recovery Effectiveness

4.10 The following factors indicate that cost recovery is likely to be effective:

(a) CCI, BNEC, will follow normal procedures for credit evaluation and loan recovery to limit defaults on loans;

(b) examination of past tax effort shows that property tax collections are usually more regular and sys- tematic in low-income areas which indicates that property tax and betterment tax collection will be efficient; and

(c) both SICOGI and ARSO have experience in managing rental properties, and lease payments will be set at a level sufficient to cover financial, management, and maintenance costs as well as to provide adequate reserves to cover non-payments.

The Government has agreed to re-examine the current property tax systems and determine the need for new measures to finance long-term urban infrastructure development in Abidjan. This review will be carried out under the scope of the Ten-Year Development Study to be financed under the project.

V. EXECUTION

A. Implementing Agencies

5.01 The Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MTPT), the Ministry of Construction and Urbanism (MCU), and BNEC will have primary responsibility for the execution of the project. The Ministry of Public Works and Transport will be responsible for execution and supervision of the transport and trunk sewer components. The Ministry of Construction and Urbanism will be responsible for part of the shelter component in Abidjan. Infrastructure provision will be executed through SETU's Direction Technique. The Ministry's Directorate of Construction will be responsible for the construction of schools, health centers, markets and community centers. The design of the buildings will be carried out by consultants (para. 3.16). The Ministry will also be responsible for the Ten-Year Development Study to be carried out by consultants (para. 3.22). SICOGI will be the executing agency for the low-cost housing program, with SETU responsible for the infrastructure works. The Southwest Region Development Authority (ARSO), through its Directorate of Construction, will be the executing agency for the Bardo component. BNEC's Savings Division, and the Credit de la Cote d'Ivoire (Annexes 2 and 5) will administer the line of credit for small loans. Project implementation will take four years; the implementation schedule is shown in Chart 1. - 23 -

B. Procurement

5.02 Procurement for the East-West Highway has been divided into two separate contracts: one for construction (US$27 million) and one for supply of aggregates (US$ 4 million). In order to avoid delays of over a year in starting the works because of seasonal factors, both contracts have already been awarded on the basis of international competitive bidding in accordance with Bank Guidelines. Contracts for civil works and supply of equipment: (i) for traffic improvements on the Plateau (US$ 2 million), (ii) for the two trunk sewers (US$3.2 million), (iii) for primary and secondary infrastructure for the shelter component (US$9.8 million), and (iv) for equipment and furniture for community facilities (US$1 million) will also be awarded on the basis of international competitive bidding in accordance with Bank Guidelines. Contracts will be divided into small components in order to encourage bids from Ivorian enterprises, but grouping of components will be permitted to allow international competitors to bid. In bid evaluation, domestic manufacturers will be given a preference of 15% or the level of applicable duty, whichever is less. Civil works contracts for the community facilities (US$5.2 million) and tertiary infrastructure (US$1.5 million) will be awarded on the basis of local competitive procedures, which are satisfactory to the Bank. These contracts, which will be too small to attract overseas bidders, are within the capacity of the local medium-size contractors. Small items costing less than US$10,000 each and which would total not more than US$200,000, will be purchased after solicitation of quotations from at least three suppliers. Contracts for relocation of water pipes, electrical lines, and lighting for the East-West Highway (US$2.6 million), which are not Bank-financed will be directly awarded to the pertinent public utility companies (SODECI and EECI).

5.03 Technical assistance contracts (US$4.5 million) will follow Bank Guidelines. To ensure implementation on schedule, SETU has already selected consultants for detailed engineering of two project sites, and has reviewed and cleared draft contracts with the Bank and USAID. Up to US$350,000 to cover the foreign costs of consultant services for detailed engineering, the Ten-Year Development Study, and for initiation of the Traffic Bureau work program would be financed retroactively.

C. Distribution of Lots, Beneficiaries and Affordability

5.04 Most of the land required for the project is owned by the Govern- ment. After the lots have been serviced, the lots will be distributed as follows:

(a) Site and Services Areas: Serviced lots will be leased or sold with full ownership rights. Present distribution procedures were established by Presidential Decree No. 338 (May 25, 1970). The following allocation criteria will be introduced: - 24 -

(i) for the leased lots (Lai) minimum household income equal to the legal minimum wage (SMIG) which was CFAF 19,000 per month as of January 1976;

(ii) for the lots to be sold, minimum household income equal to 7% of the cost of the lot, which corresponds roughly to a monthly income of CFAF 26,500 in 1976;

(iii) for the leased lots (LEM) maximum household income of two and a half times the SMIG (CFAF 47,500 per month) - approximatelyequal to the median income for Abidjan in 1976;

(iv) for the lots to be sold maximum household income equal to 12% of the cost of the lot which corresponds to a monthly income of about CFAF 45,000 in 1976;

(v) only one project lot per household (exceptwhere necessary to encourage occupationby artisans);and

(vi) priority for people who do not already own a lot in Abidjan.

Cooperativeownership will be allowed and no restrictionson lot use will be imposed. Shopkeepersand artisans who do not have a job in the formal sector will not be excluded. The serviced LEM lots will be managed by SICOGI and leased on 20 year terms. Minimum monthly payments for the lots will amount to about CFAF 3,100 (US$15). The remaininglots will be sold at a price averagingCFAF 415,000 (US$1,850).SETU has agreed in principle to selling residentialland along the Ebrie Lagoon in Koumassi (see Map No. 12083), at a price above the developmentcost to lower the costs to be recovered from other serviced lots in the project which can, therefore,be sold or leased at below developmentcosts. In the Bardo squatter area of San Pedro, people have no property rights whatsoever at present, being squatterson public domain. ARSO will provide long-termleases on 49-year terms; monthly paymentswill amount to about CFAF 11,300 (US$50) for a serviced lot. This is expected to be shared among four or five households residing on each lot.

(b) Slum Upgrading Areas: Although the Government owns most of the land, most occupiershave a temporary title. They have the right to convert to a permanent title, but have generally not done so to avoid the registration fee. When the land has been upgraded, occupierswill become legal owners by converting to a permanent title, and the Government has agreed to waive or substantiallylower the registrationfee should this be an obstacle to rapid granting of title. By becoming legal owners, the beneficiarieswill be subject to a betterment tax which will be used for cost recovery (see para 4.09). - 25-

5.05 Affordability: Monthly payments for the site and services lots alone will vary from CFAF 2,500 (US$12) to CFAF 5,800 (US$26) per month. To this must be added payments on the construction materials loans and property taxes. For an owner of a 100 m lot (with no renters), the total will amount to CFAF 6,300 (US$28). Assuming that 25% of income is spent on housing, anyone with an income of CFAF 25,200 (US$112) can afford to lease a lot. This income level represents about the 20th percentile of the income distribution. The project will reach lower income beneficiaries as well, since many owners will sublet part of their lots. It is estimated that the actual payments by owners with renters could range from CFAF 3,150 (US$14) for the largest lot to CFAF 5,000 (US$22) for the smallest. These payments correspond to monthly incomes of CFAF 12,400 (US$55) and CFAF 20,000 (US$89) (5th and 15th percentiles, respectively). Renters will also benefit. They are expected to pay about CFAF 6,000 (US$27) per month. This means that households with monthly incomes of CFAF 24,000 (US $107) (slightly below the 20th percentile) will be able to afford to live on the project site. The following table shows affordability for different types of lots; details are given in Table 1, Annex 1.

% of Income Distribution (from top) Who Can Afford (1976 costs and income)

Lot type Owner Alone Owner with Renter(s) Renters

LEM (100 m ) 80 86 80

LEM (150 m 2 ) 70 85 73

Y2 (128 m2) 65 90 66

Tl (192 m2) 50 95 70

Ul (200 m2) 50 95 71

The project will reach households just below the 20th percentile on the income distribution without any subsidy. This is in contrast to previous Government policy under which only households above the 50th percentile could afford non-subsidized Government-produced housing.

5.06 Safeguards: Two key problems plague housing development in Abidjan: the need to reach low income households and the need to provide housing for the 50% of the population that is non-Ivorian. In addition to the measures described above, certain steps have been taken to protect the poor and the non-Ivorians. In the slum upgrading component, the Government has agreed to - 26 - waive or substantially reduce the incidence of the registration fee and to arrange for the betterment tax to be paid over a period of years. In addition, the value added to be recovered through the betterment tax will be limited to the cost of infrastructure provided. This will prevent owners from facing a heavy financial burden which might induce them to raise rents and force out poorer tenants. In the site and services areas, no explicit restrictions on non-Ivorians will be applied. Nevertheless, Ivorians will continue to receive priority. The wide-spread practice of subletting the serviced lots will still allow non-Ivorians to have access to project benefits.

D. Disbursements

5.07 Disbursements will be made pro rata on the Bank and Third Window loans on a 15:7 basis as follows:

(a) For items financed out of proceeds of the IBRD loans only:

(i) 43% of the total cost of the construction of the East-West Highway, supply of aggregates and civil works for traffic improvement in the center of Abidjan;

(ii) 70% of the total cost of equipment for traffic improvement in the center of Abidjan;

(iii) 60% of the total cost of primary infrastructure (shelter component) and the two trunk sewers;

(iv) 60% of the total cost of consultant services for construction supervision (East-West Highway), detailed engineering for community facilities, technical assistance for the Traffic Bureau, and the Ten-Year Development Study;

(v) 50% of the sub-loan disbursements for construction material loans; and

(vi) 55% of the total cost of civil works, material, and equipment for community facilities.

(b) For items co-financed with USAID:

(i) 30% of the total cost of civil works for on-site secondary and tertiary infrastructure in the slum upgrading and site and services areas;

(ii) 30% of the total cost of works of the Bardo project component; - 27 -

(iii) 30% of the total cost of detailed engineering for the shelter component and of technical assistance to Ministry of Construction and Urban Development and to BNEC.

For these items, USAID will also disburse 30% of total costs.

5.08 Savings in any category will be available for cost overruns in any other category. However, in the event that the expenditure exceeds the estimated cost of US$122.3 million, such excess will be met by the Govern- ment. A schedule of estimated disbursements on the Bank loans appears in Table No. 3.

E. Maintenance and Management

5.09 Upon project completion, the various project elements will be managed and maintained as follows:

Agency Responsible for Origin of Funds Project Elements Maintenance and Management or Credits

- East-West Highway Ministry of Public Works Current Budget and main streets through Directorate of (road-user charges) Routine Maintenance

- City streets and traffic signalization, drainage, community centers and city Municipality of Abidjan Municipal Budgets markets and Sous-Prefecture of Bingerville

- Water supply, sewerage and drainage SODECI (water utility) Water/sewer rates

- Electricity EECI (Electricity Electricity rates utilities)

- Bardo ARSO Operating Budget

- Site and services lots SICOGI Lease Payments

- Primary Schools Ministry of Education Current Budget

- Health Centers Ministry of Health Current Budget

These arrangements have been confirmed and agreement obtained that the Gov- ernment will ensure adequate provision in the budgets of the appropriate Ministries and Agencies to assume the maintenance and operating costs of each facility upon its completion, as well as the allocable development costs for construction of schools/community facilities. - 28 -

F. Supervision and Monitoring

5.10 Supervision by Bank staff during the four-year implementation period will require about 136 man-weeks (about 34 man-weeks/ year) and will involve specialists in transport, shelter, sewerage, education, and DFC activities. In addition, 20 man-weeks will be provided for supervision of the Ten-Year Development Study.

5.11 Shelter Component Supervision. As the shelter component comprises many different elements under a variety of executing agencies, some form of coordination is required. This will be carried out by the Project Technical Coordinator. The Director of the Cabinet of the Ministry of Con- struction and Urbanism has been so designated. He will be responsible for ensuring that each agency maintains the project implementation schedule and will identify critical short-falls and delays in order that action may be taken to resolve problems and avoid delays to the overall project.

5.12 A monitoring capability will be designed to ensure that data essential to project execution are provided to project managers, and that design and execution of future projects will benefit from the experience of this project.

(a) Transport

Monitoring of the traffic on the East-West Highway and monitoring of the traffic management measures will be carried out by the Traffic Bureau. Indicators monitored will include: changes in modal split; passenger and vehicle flow at several control stations; service levels; vehicle journey times along specified routes by mode; fleet expansion by class of vehicle;

(b) Shelter

Monitoring of the upgrading, site and services, and employment generation of the project would be under the supervision of the Directorate of Urbanism and Architecture within the Ministry of Contruction and Urbanism. Sample surveys will be conducted for comparison with the baseline data that would be compliled for each site prior to project execution. Technical assistance for monitoring is provided under the proposed project (para 3.21). The monitoring program will review the adequacy and timeliness of the management data collected (e.g. contract defaults, arrears in rental/purchase payments).

5.13 It will also address the following specific issues:

(a) Appropriateness of lot, layout and standard plan designs; effectiveness of the materials loan program, self-help construction - 29 -

and technical assistance; use of self-help vs. contract labor for house completion; appropriateness of standards, including road, footpath, water, sewer and community facilities.

(b) Changes in family income and percentage of income spent on shelter and other goods; changes in employment levels and patterns; occupancy turnover in units and income class of new residents; acceptance of land tenure arrangements and restrictions on property transfers; effectiveness of arrangements for accommodating lowest income families; demand for rental units; promotion of small con- tracting business.

VI. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

6.01 The key factors in managing the growth of Abidjan are a more efficient land use strategy and a more realistic assessment of affordable standards. The project represents both of these elements. The extent of development has been limited by concentrating on an infilling strategy to increase densities within the existing urban fabric. This enables the Government to: (a) postpone large-scale transport investments until the Ten-Year Development Study has examined alternative development strategies and developed an investment program for the coming decade, (b) become engaged in housing activities, such as site and services and slum-upgrading, aimed at lower income groups than has been customary in Abidjan, and (c) undertake activities in the transport field to make better use of infrastructure and to favor public transport.

6.02 In general terms, benefits will result from the project as the Government begins to assess multi-sectoral investment demands within the framework of financial constraints and more closely planned development. To a certain extent, this reassessment will result in reduced demands for high-cost infrastructure as in the case of urban roads, where the deferment of the rapid development of the Banco has led to a 50% reduction in road investment in the next five years. Thus, scarce resources can be reallo- cated to other higher priority uses. It should be noted, however, that there will be some risks associated with the implementation of the project. BNEC has not yet demonstrated its capacity to act as the central fiduciary for all public resources devoted to housing and as a housing bank. The mechanisms for channeling the benefits to the target group and at the same time recovering costs from beneficiaries are not perfect and their effectiveness can only be judged during implementation. These risks will be limited by (a) building on a history of close collaboration with the Ivorian Authorities during project preparation, (b) supplying considerable technical assistance in areas which are critical to successful implementation, and (c) designing a monitoring system to provide early warnings of implementation problems as a basis for corrective action. - 30 -

Benefit-Cost Evaluation

6.03 In specific terms, the benefits and costs of the physical project components have been analyzed and the project evaluated as follows:

Transport

6.04 For the East-West Highway, savings in operating costs and savings in travel time for 1980 have been calculated as indicators of transport component benefits by comparing traffic flow predictions with the project to those in the "without the project" case. Comparing the 1980 estimated benefits with the cost yields a "first year rate of return" of 48% when only operating costs are considered, and 230% when travel time savings are added. These rates of return indicate that the project is economically justified, of high priority, and, in fact, overdue. In addition, it has been selected as the minimum necessary investment over several more elaborate alternatives. This being the case, full Economic Rates of Return (ERR) for the life of the project have not been calculated, as the "without the project" case in the post-1980 period would be completely unrealistic, resulting in meaningless ERR's. However, as it is virtually certain that traffic flows will grow, the first year rate of return represents a minimum measure of the project's worth.

6.05 Fifty eight percent of all benefits and 65% of time savings are realized by bus riders, indicating that the project benefits are channeled towards the lower income groups. Full details of the evaluation are given in Annex 8.

6.06 Analysis of the time savings resulting from the traffic improvements yields a first year rate of return of 23%. This calculation includes, however, parking facilities, the cost of which is not included in the project. If a modest modal shift from cars to buses could be achieved, the rate of return would be 29%.

6.07 Shelter. By modifying the land-use strategy, by reducing standards, and by encouraging intensive development in inner-city neighborhoods, the proposed project will lead to benefits for about 200,000 people, including (a) creation of legal and secure land tenure; (b) improvements in health standards brought about by provision of sewerage disposal facilities, piped water, improved drainage, and health centers; (c) improved productivity, due to health improvement and provision of schools and other community facilities; and (d) employment creation - both permanent, through provision of lots for local artisans, and temporary, through construction activities. The project is designed to take advantage of the natural process of housing formation in low-income areas, based on a tradition of self-help construction. By developing sound cost recovery principles, the project will demonstrate the replicability of the new approaches.

6.08 The quantification of the benefits from the shelter component [s detailed in Annex 9. Two different approaches were used in the computa- tion of the economic rate of return. One is based on imputed rental values, - 31 -

the other on increases .n land values. The resu1ts of these analyses are consistent. The overall rate of return in both cases is above 30% and both analyses show a higher rate of return for the site and services component than for the slum upgrading component.

6.09 In summary, the economic justification of the project has been established by determining that (a) the proposed project elements -- both in transport and shelter -- are the best among Lhe alternatives studied, and (b) the rates of return exceed the cpportunity cost of capital in the Ivory Coast (estimated to be 12%). A weighted average economic return of all project components for which benefits have been quantified and which amount to 72% of total project costs, is estimated to be 43%.

VII. RECOMMENDATIONS

7.01 Agreements on the following points were reached during negotiations:

(a) deferment of major urban transport infrastructure investments in the Abidjan region until completion of the Ten- Year Development Study and review of an investment program to be discussed with the Bank (para. 2.18);

(b) role of the BNEC as (i) manager of the Fonds d'Habitat; (ii) adviser on all proposed Government guaranteed external borrowings in the shelter sector and monitor of progress on projects financed through such guaranteed borrowings; (iii) financial intermediary of housing loans (para. 2.20);

(c) BNEC operational policies including: (i) minimum liquidity requirements; (ii) interest rate charges and financial controls to maintain real value of BNEC'S capital with adequate provisions for losses;

(d) a plan for restructuring SOGEFIHA's debt (para. 2.21);

(e) provision of credit to small scale enterprise (para. 3.17);

(f) etmployment of consultants and terms of reference for consultant services (paras. 3.20, 3.2!, 3.22, and 3.23);

(g) satisfactory cost recovery arrangements including issuance of the necessary legal instruments to render operational the betterment tax decree of 1930 (para. 4.07, 4.10);

(h) lot allocation criteria and sale/lease/rental arrangements including prompt issuance of legal title where applicable and reduction of incidence or waiver of - 32 -

registration fees where such is deemed necessary to maintain affordability of project by low income families (paras. 5.04, 5.05, 5.06);

(i) arrangements for adequate maintenance and operation of project facilities (para. 5.09).

7.02 The following are retained as special conditions of effectiveness:

(a) the execution of the Third Window Loan Agreement and the Project Agreements on behalf of BNEC, CCI, SETU and ARSO and SICOGI, respectively, have been duly authorized or ratified by all necessary corporate and governmental action;

(b) USAID has been duly authorized to issue its guarantee(s) of repayment of the accounts (which, in aggregate, shall not be less than US$121 million) to be borrowed by BNEC under the investor loan agreement;

(c) the legal measures required to render operational the cost revenue arrangements and lot allocation criteria referred to in para. 7.01(g) and (h) have been taken to the Bank's satisfaction; and

(d) the legal measures required to dissolve OSHE have been taken and ratified by all necessary corporate and governmental action.

7.03 In addition, the following additional conditions would apply prior to disbursement of funds:

(a) for the shelter component of the project:

(i) satisfactory issuance by the BENEC's Board of Directors of the Statement of Operating Policies;

(ii) hiring of the expert for tlhe BNEC Fonds d'Habitat;

(iii) satisfaction of all conditions pertaining to disbursement of AID funds under the Investor Loan Agreement;

(iv) satisfactory execution of the BNEC subsidiary Loan Agreement, SETU Financing Contract, CCI Loan Contract BNEC Special Arrangement. - 33 -

(b) for the Bardo componentof the project,agreement on a detailedprogram as providedunder Section2,01 of the ARSO ProjectAgreement and satisfactory executionof the ARSO Loan Contract;

(b) for the Trunk Sewer componentof the project,satisfaction of the FondsSubsidiary Loan Agreement,and

(c) for the transportcomponent of the project,(i) the establishmentof the TrafficBureau and (il) the appointmentof two expertsto assistit.

7.04 The proposedproject is suitablefor a Bank loan of US$30million at the prevailinginterest rate for a 20-yearterm including4 years of grace for principal,and a ThirdWindow Loan of US$14 millionon the standardThird Window Loan termsof 25 years including7 years of grace and at an interestrate of 4% per annum less than the interestrate on the Bank loan.

Table 1

I'L 1. ,t I , ` $1 '1'' 1 il II

(CFAF MILLION-BAUD ON JUNE 1976 PRICES) l9_ * * sIW am 19r arn I lm 19" 1"O TRANSPORT 1-8CN L-1 2-M2 1-UN 2.-M 1-EM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEH TOTAL.

-EAST WEST HIGHWAY 40 655 1637 1953 1498 1177 910 - - - 7870 -TRAFFIC IMFROVEMENT - - 150 200 213 - - - - - 563 -SUPERVISION EW HWY 40 si t 5 85 85 85 13 - - - 4/4

-CONTINGENCIES 9 106 358 555 550 445 376 - _ - 2399

TOTAL 89 842 2230 2793 2346 1707 1299 - - 11306

SHELTERL_ T _E

-- FRIMARYINFRASTRUCTURE - - - 121 11 135 137 - - - 574 -CONTINGENClES - - - 38 72 65 77 - - - 252

TOTAL - - - 159 253 200 214 - 826

-SLCOND' TERT. lNFlRAST. - 62 355 717 1824 1276 735 - - - 4969 -CONrINGENCIES - il 86 229 724 606 412 - - 2068

TOTAL - 73 441 945 2548 1881 1147 - - 7'035

STUDIES(INFRA.> 10 75 105 89 47 27 16 - _ 369 -CONTINtENCIES 1 12 22 21 14 il S - 6

TUTAL il S8 127 110 61 37 21 - - 45F

UMMUN1TY FAC1LI TrES - - - - 53 243 583 440 - t 19 LONTIN5ENCtLi - - - - 19 112 326 286 -'43 -_ -_ _- -_ -_ -_ - _ _ _ -_ - _ - -_ _ , - __- - _ _-_ _-_ TOTAL - - - - 72 355 909 725 - 20hL

-SrULIIES (COM.FAC.) 14 34 21 15 7 7 il 7 116 -CONTlNtiENCIES 2 5 4 3 1 1 4 3 -- - 23

TOTAL 15 39 25 18 8 9 15 il -- - 140

11WCOSI HOLJIit - - 900 900 900 -- - - 2700

7F11dAGE - 8 15 169 404 126 - - iNGÎt,NClE L - 3 47 1 i9 51 I41

il- ''1 9 18 216 543 176 - _ 962

'MOIj LLJANS - - - 45 70 80 110 95 50 - 450

1PLLt1CA 11N - 8 44 6 79 70 44 44 - - 295

GkANI, rOJI0L 26 217 1555 2399 4534 2809 2460 875 50 - 14925

Ti C11N1CAL ASCiNI/jOCE

BASL CO5 - 37 238 271 158 129 109 62 - - 1004 -CONTINGENCIES - 6 47 66 47 44 43 28 - - 201

TOTAL - 43 285 337 205 173 152 90 - - L285

TOTAL PROJECT COST 115 1102 4070 5529 7085 4689 3912 965 50 - 27517 Table 2

ABIDJAN UREAN DEVEDOPMENTPROJECT

FioanciEg Pl-n (in US$ milîioe)

PROJECT COIPONENTS ESTIMATED TOTAL of GOIC _ EXTERNAL SOURCES_ COST (1ncl1di.g vhich TOTAL GOIC b IBRD + % IBRD .ootin.ene..S) t.e.. BSIE BNEC FNA GOIC IBRD 7, IBRD LSAID % USALD LTSAID + USAIED

I. TRANSPORT A. EAST-WESITHIhWAY

Site Prepration 4.6 1.0 4.6 - - 4.6 100.0 - - - - Materiala 5.1 1.1 2.9 - - 2.9 57.0 2.2 43.0 - - 2.2 43.0 Coostrootion 34.7 7.5 19.8 - - 19.8 57.0 14.9 43.0 - - 14.9 43.0 * Conotructîon supervision 2.6 0.5 1.0 _ _ 1.0 40.0 1,6 60.0 _ _ 1.6 60.0

SUB-TOTAL 47.0 10.1 28.3 - - 28.3 60.2 18.7 39.8 - - 18.7

B. TRAFFIC IMPROVEMENTS

Civil -orks 2.3 '0,5 1.3 - - 1.3 57.0 1.0 43.0 - - 1.0 43.0 Eq.ip.eot 1,0 0.2 0.3 - _ 0.3 30.0 0.7 70.0 - - 0.7 70.0 SUB-TOTAL 3.3 0.7 1.6 - - 1.6 49.2 1.7 S1.8 _ _ 1.7 51.8

TOTAL TRANSPORT 50.3 10.8 29.9 _ _ 29.9 59.4 20.4 40.6 - - 20.4

Il. SHELTER A. SLUM UPGRADING

Land CoopevOotLon 0.6 0.1 0.6 - - 0.6 100.0 - - - - Peîoory Infrastructure 3.7 0.7 1.5 - - 1.5 40.0 2.2 60.0 - 2.2 60.0 *SecondarylTertiory 23.5 4,7 - 9.4 - 9.4 40.0 7.1 30.0 7.0 30.0 14.1 60.0 Infrastructure *Detailed Oogtneercng 1.8 0.4 - 0.7 - 0.7 40.0 0.5 30.0 0.6 30.0 1.1 60.0 (Infrastructure) ComsUn,ity EacOlit,eo 4.6 0.9 2.1 - 2.1 45.0 2.5 55.0 - - 2.5 55.0 Detailed Engio.er-ng 0.3 0,1 0.1 - 0.1 40,0 0.2 6 0.0 .. 2 60.. (CoesDunity Facilities)

SUB-TOTAL 34.5 6.9 4.3 10.1 - 14.4 41.7 12.5 36.2 7.6 22.1 20.1 58.3

B. SITES & SERVICES

Land Cop.pensation 0.7 0.1 0.7 - - 0.7 100.0 ------*Seco-darylTerti-ry 7.7 1.6 - 3.1 _ 3.1 40.0 2.3 30.0 2.3 30.0 4.7 60.0 Infras tructure ODetailed Engineering 0.3 0.1 - 0.1 _ 0.1 40.0 0.1 30.0 0.1 30.0 0.2 60.0 (Infrastructure) Comnunitv Facilities 4.5 0,9 2.0 - - 2.0 45.0 2.5 55.0 _ - 2.5 55.0 DeEO,led EngineerIng 0.3 0.1 0.1 - _ 0.1 40.0 0.2 60.0 - - 0.2 60.0 (CoonluncEv Facilities)

SU[,-TOTAL 13.5 2.7 2.8 3.2 _ 6.0 44.1 5.1 38.2 2.4 17.7 7.6 55.9

**C. LOWCOST HOUSING 12.0 2.0 - 2.0 - 2.0 16.7 - - 10.0 83.3 10.0 83.3

D. TRUNC

E. SMALL LOANS 2.0 - - 1.0 - 1.0 50.0 1.0 50.0 - - 1.0 50.0

TOTAL SHELTER 66.3 12.5 7.1 16.3 1.7 25.1 37.8 21.3 32.1 20.0 30.1 4|.3 62.2

Ill. TECHNICALASSISTANCE

.Tafflc Bureau 1.0 0.2 0.4 - - 0.4 40.0 0.6 60.0 - - 0.6 60.0 *Ministry Cons tructon 1.9 0.4 0.8 - - 0.8 40.0 0.5 30.0 0.6 30.0 1.1 60.0 & Orbanc g= BNEC 1.3 0.2 - 0.5 - 0.5 40.0 0.4 30.0 0.4 30.0 0.8 60.0 Ministry Pi-n (10 Year 1.5 0,3 0,6 _ _ 0.6 40.0 0.9 60.0 - 0.9 60,0 S tudy)

TOTAL TECHNICALASSISTANCE 5.7 1.1 1.S 0.5 - 2.3 40.0 2.4 42.4 1,0 17.6 3.4 60.0

GRAND TOTAL 122,3 24.4 38.8 16.5 1.7 57.3 46.8 44.0 36.0 21.0 17.2 65.0 53.2

* Jointly fin.nced -

1* ParalleS fEn.ncc-g by USAID 06/11/76 ABIDJAN IJRRAN rF:vFL OPMENT FROJECT

ESTIMATErI 0FO3H1:il11F DISBURSEMENTS

(US$ MILLION)

AMOUNT DISBURSED IN QUARTER % DISBURSED IN QUARTER CUMULATIVE DISBURSEMENTS %CUMULATIVE

NOT JOINTLY NOT JOINTLY NOT JOINTLY NOT JOINTLY JOINTLY FINANCED JOINTLY FINANCED JOINTLY FINANCED JOINTLY FINANCED FINANCED WITH USAID TOTAL FINANCED WITH USAID TOTAL FINANCED WITH USAID TOTAL FINANCED WITH USAID TOTAL

QUARTER ENDING

JUNE 30,1977 .9 .1 1.0 2.7 1.1 2.3 .9 .1 1.0 2.7 1.1 2.3

SE"P 30.1977 .7 .1 .8 2.3 1.0 2.0 1.6 .2 1.8 5.0 2.1 4.3

DEC 31,1977 2.3 .4 2.7 7.0 4.1 6.3 3.9 .6 4.5 12.0 6.2 10.6

MAR 31,1978 2.3 .4 2.7 7.0 4.1 6.3 6.2 1.0 7.2 19.0 10.3 16.9

JUNE 30,1978 3.1 .8 3.9 9.3 7.2 8.7 9.3 1.8 11.1 28.3 17.5 25.6

SEPT 30,1978 3.1 .8 3.9 9.3 7.3 8.8 12.4 2.6 15.0 37.6 24.8 34.4

DEC 31,1978 3.7 1.8 5.5 11.2 16.6 12.5 16.1 4.4 20.5 48.8 41.4 46.9

MAR 31,1979 3.7 1.8 5.5 11.1 16.7 12.6 19.8 6.2 26.0 59.9 58.1 59.5

JUNE 30,1979 2.8 1.4 4.2 8.4 12.4 9.4 22.6 7.6 30.2 68.3 70.5 68.9

SEPT 30,1979 2.8 1.4 4.2 8.4 12.5 9.4 25.4 9.0 34.4 76.7 83.0 78.3

DEC 31,1979 2.8 .9 3.7 8.6 8.0 8.4 28.2 9.9 38.1 85.3 91.0 86.7

MAR 31,1980 2.8 .9 3.7 8.5 7.9 6.4 31.0 10.8 41.8 93.8 98.9 95.1

JUNE 30,1990 1.0 .1 1.1 3.1 .6 2.5 32.0 10.9 42.9 96.9 99.5 97.6

SEPT 30,1980 1.0 .1 1.1 3.1 .5 2.4 33.0 11.0 44.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

TOTAL 33.0 11.0 44.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ANNEX 1 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENTPROJECT

ABIDJAN, BACKGROUND INFORMATION

The Site

1. Abidjan is the administrative capital of the Ivory Coast and the largest industrial and commercial center of the country. The city 2 has a population of 1 million and covers a total area of some 261 km . The importance of the city can be explained by the quality of the harbor located in the lagoon which was linked to the sea by a canal in July 1950, and by the railroad to Upper Volta built between 1903 and 1954. The site itself can be divided into the following three distinct areas, (UIapNo. 12083):

(a) the coast line between the Ebrie Lagoon and the Atlantic Ocean, with an industrial area near the harbor and a tourist complex under development which will extend along the coast to the international airport;

(b) the lagoon area, comprising two main islands, Petit Bassam Island which includes the Port, its industrial and commercial complex, and, adjacent to the Port, the low-income/traditional African suburb of Treichville; and the Boulay Island, a recreational area;

(c) the mainland, comprising the commercial and business district of the city (Plateau), the low-income/traditional African suburb of Adjame, the high income residential suburb of Cocody to the East, the new development (Banco) zone to the west and the rapidly growing low income suburb of Abobo to the north.

2. The city is expanding in the Banco area to the west and around Abobo to the north, both areas presenting topographical conditions favorable to large scale urban development. The topography to the east is characterized by frequent hills and valleys which limit expansion to low density residential development and recreational facilities. The Banco Forest - a national reserve - has restricted development to the north-west, and the fact that the Plateau is on a peninsula separated from the coast area and Petit Bassam Island, has resulted in increasing congestion on the transport links between these areas. ANNEX 1 Page 2

Population

3. In 1928 the:population of Abidjan was estimated at 5,000; the estimation for 1939 was 22,000, and by 1955, 125,000. From 1955 to 1975 Abidjan grew rapidly to one million people, -- almost 15% of the Ivory Coast's total and 41% of its urban population.

URBAN SHARE OF THE NATIONAL POPULATION

Abidjan as Total Urban Percent Abidjan Percent of Year Population Population Urban Population Total Urban

1955 2,662,200 346,000 13.0 125,000 36.1

1965 4,302,500 946,000 21.8 340,000 35.9

1970 5,125,000 1,435,000 28.0 590,000 41.1

1973 5,879,500 1,830,500 31.1 811,000 44.3

1975 6,445,000 2,200,000 34.1 1,000,000 45.4

Between 1965-75, the rate of growth was 11.5% per year of which 7.8% corres- ponded to migration, the remaining 3.7% being the natural increase. The Ministry of Planning has made estimates of urban population growth up to 1990 that suggest that, regardless of any changes in Government policy, there will be a continuous and rapid growth in Abidjan for the next decade. About two-thirds of this growth will be rural-urban migrants, many of whom come from outside the Ivory Coast, notably from Upper Volta, Mali, Niger and Ghana. In contrast to earlier patterns of male migration, an increasing proportion of this migrant flow will consist of households with women and children, who tend to stay in Abidjan. About half of the city's population is currently made up of foreign Africans, the majority of whom come for a period of 5 to 15 years. The following table shows the forecast annual migration foreseen by the Ministry of Planning. ANNEX 1 Page 3

ANNUAL MIGRATION TO ABIDJAN

Ivory Coast Foreign Migrants Migrants Total

1975-80 33,000 15,000 48,000

1981-85 30,000 5,000 35,000

4. Even under the most optimistic demographic projections, it is not expected that Abidjan's growth rate will drop below 7.3% per year for 1976-80 and is realistically expected to remain around 10% up to 1985.

Projected population in Millions

Abidjan Nation High Low

1975 1.0 1980 1.650 1.450 7.975 1985 2.455 1.940 9.745 1990 3.370 2.515 11.840

The demand for urban investment in the project was calculated according to the low hypothesis.

5. The population of Abidjan comprises Ivorians, non-Ivorian Africans and non-Africans, a structure which is also reflected in the employment, salaries or income distribution and in rents. In 1963, about 33% of the population living in Abidjan was non-Ivorian corresponding to 41% of the household consumption. In 1971, 52.5% of employment or 67.5% of the salaries were in the hands of foreigners. In 1974, 43% of households were foreign. This structure is also evident in the geographical distribution of housing according to ethnic groups. While the wealthiest Ivorians and non-African foreigners live in high-standard residential areas (Cocody), the non-Ivorian Africans form the bulk of squatters living in the poorest housing areas. About 25% live in precarious sanitary conditions in slums. However, this population cannot be considered as economically marginal because they work hard, are poorly paid and pay high rents which are not justified by the quality of housing provided.

Housing

6. The BCEOM/BNETD report differentiates five main groups of housing types: ANNEX 1 Page 4

Average Quantity /1 % % density of Population Strata of population of Surface in inh/ha houses 1973

A High standard 3.7 24 45 10.000 29,000

B Evolutive 43.7 30.1 500 65.000 345,000

C Collective 24.8 22.3 330 30.500 195,000

D Traditional 3.7 3.5 300 37.000 30,000

E Squattered 24.1 20.1 420 39.800 190,000

TOTAL 100% 100% 270 182.300 789,000

/1 SEMA Rousing Classification System:

Strata A - High-quality, modern apartment buildings and private dwellings Strata B - Modern apartment buildings and row houses constructed as part of public housing corporation projects Strata C - Housing in courtyards or concessions, improved over time Strata D - Housing on new lots legally marked by the Government Strata E - Traditional housing on either illegally occupied land or traditional villages.

From 1963 to 1973, the distribution between the strata has not changed significantly except for traditional housing, a reduction from 8.3% to 3.5% in the proportion of land area devoted to traditional housing, and the development of the Governmnent collective program which now concerns almost one-fourth of the population compared to one-sixth ten years ago.

7. Globally, Abidjan covered an urbanized area of 2,790 ha in 1963 of which 48.8% was allocated to housing and 5,112 ha in 1973 of which 57.4% was housing. The change in the proportion between housing and other facilities is due to the fact that land was already reserved in 1963 for community facilities. The average density was 180 pers/ha in 1963 and 270 pers/ha in 1973; this is relatively low. The evolution of density was different according to housing strata:

(a) strata with high standard or evolutive residential characteristics did not change density;

(b) strata corresponding to collective housing financed by the Govern- ment reached immediately the maximum density; ANNEX 1 Page 5

(c) dynamic strata which are developing spontaneously according to their areal environment and the whole city have now a higher density than ten years ago. For instance, in Koumassi "campement" a density of 1,000 inh/ha was observed while the average density in squattered area is about 400/500 inh/ha.

8. The implementation of the shelter component of the proposed project will induce densification of existing areas such as Adjame, Pelieuville, Marcory and Abobo. Other areas in Abidjan will be densified when upgraded in order to reduce the distance between residence and employment areas. The table below shows the initial and expected density of project sites.

Present Present Future Future Area ha Pop. Density Density Population

Abobo-Gare 112 45,000 400 700 71,000 Adjame 42 20,000 476 800 33,000 Port Bouet II 40 12,000 300 600 24,000 Pelieuville 19 8,000 420 600 11,500 Bardo, San Pedro 60 20,000 330 330 20,000 Koumassi N.E. 70 32,000 460 650 45,500 Abobo Nord 35 16,000 460 550 19,250

Subtotal 378 153,000 405 590 224,200

Koumassi N.E. (SICOGI, USAID) 20 6,200 310 350 7,000 Marcory (SICOGI, USAID) 13 3,800 300 350 4,550

TOTAL 411 163,000 400 570 235,750

9. The growth of housing of all types in Abidjan has been a major achievement of both the public and private sector. From 1963 to 1973, the total housing stock increased from 63,000 to 149,000, or about 8,600 per year. The population increase during this period, however, was some 520,250 persons or approximately six persons for each of the 86,000 units. Squatter housing increased from 17,000 to 43,300 units and the squatter population grew from 68,110 to 218,800. While the proportion of squatters in the city's population did not grow appreciably, only from 27 to 29.1%, the absolute number grew substantially. Abobo-Gare, a largely squatter neighborhood north of the central city, grew from 15,000 in 1970 to 160,000 by 1975.

10. The two housing corporations controlled by the public sector, SICOGI and SOGEFIHA, are expected to construct some 7,850 units per year. Five thousand of this total are low-cost or very low-cost units, which rent for an average of CFAF 10,000 and 7,000 respectively. An additional 2,000 units for lease-purchase will be built, at substantially higher monthly ANNEX 1 Page 6

charges. These projected programs represent a continuation of present programs and will require foreign financing. If each unit houses a family of about five persons, the present Abidjan average, then these programs will meet the needs of some 35,000 persons, or 35% of the annual demand for shelter. Within the public sector program, however, it should be noted that the monthly charges of the units to be provided in 1976 with subsidized infrastructure are too costly for 30% of the population and for about 50% with non-subsidized infrastructure.

11. Current housing policy and programs, even with large subsidies, would result in a large unsatisfied demand to be taken care of by the private sector. The absolute deficit in projected housing stock is compounded by an inappropriate mix in the types of units provided. While BCEOM/BNETD projects a large increase in the potential demand for Strata B housing, this does not necessarily imply that such units will be provided at economic cost. If the present subsidy to SICOGI units - for some as high as 30% - is necessary to satisfy demand at that level, then it is clear that the mix of housing being provided is mistakenly biased toward expensive units. It would be more reasonable to build LEMs, or "Lotissement evolutif" at less than half the cost.

Households

12. A household was defined in the BCEOM/BNETD study as a unit made up of several persons living under the same roof and, more important, having meals together. Therefore, this statistical unit is not identical to the housing unit since several households can live under the same roof or on the same lots. The 1973 household composition is as follows:

% of Working Working Population Person Household Popul. Total Popul.

African

High standard 23,000 5.75 4,000 1.50 6,000 26.1

Others 737,000 5.46 135,000 1.34 180,000 24.4

Sub-Total 760,000 5.46 139,000 1.34 186,000 24.5

Non-African 29,000 2.90 10,000 1.20 12,000 41.4

Total 789,000 5.30 149,000 1.33 198,000 25.1 ANNEX 1 Page 7

The average size of an African household is 5.46 which corresponds not only to the usual father/mother and children family unit but also to the African concept of the extended family which integrates in a household, sisters, brothers and cousins who often reside with the eldest's family members on a permanent basis. The percentage of active household members is relatively constant around 25%. Percentages below this correspond to traditional housing and those above to collective housing. Higher percentages are also found in squatter areas which indicates people living in these areas are not at all marginal and may well be able to pay the Government for the provision of urban services.

Employment

13. According to the 1973-74 Bank/ILO study of employment in the Ivory Coast, urban unemployment reached 115,000 in 1970. From 1965 to 1970, the labor force in Abidjan increased by 60%, but employment grew by only 40%. Urban unemployment in Abidjan therefore grew from 9 to 20% from 1965 to 1970. Unlike other West African cities, however, there was not a substantial increase in informal sector employment. Increasing Ivorianization in the private sector has opened up new jobs, but many of these are at higher levels of qualifications. The basic problem remains the continuing influx of foreign Africans who are willing to accept low wages and are thus able to obtain jobs more easily than Ivory Coast nationals. The 1980 projection shows a slight reduction in this imbalance. The table below summarizes job location for 1973 and 1980. Investment in other urban centers will attract some of the potential Abidjan-bound migrants to these centers, but are not expected to attract the unemployed already in the capital. ANNEX 1 Page 8

Job Location, Informal and Formal Sectors

1973 1980 Informai Formal Total Informal Formal Total

Center: - Plateau (A) - ) - Adjame (B) - ( 38.0 24.0 62.0 57.0 29.0 86.0 - Attiecoube (C) - ) - Williamsville (D) - (

Ile de Petit Bassam:

- Treichville and ) Port- ( - Marcory - ) 47.0 46.0 93.0 60.0 65.0 125.0 - Koumassi: zone 1, ( zone 4C- )

Vridi - Port Bouet 6.0 6.0 12.0 15.0 8.0 23.0

Cocody - 2 Plateaux 6.0 7.0 13.0 7.0 23.0 30.0

Banco 8.0 3.0 11.0 28.0 46.0 74.0

Abobo 2.0 6.0 8.0 5.0 26.0 31.0

TOTAL 107.0 92.0 199.0 172.0 197.0 369.0

Income of African Households

14. The most recent investigation regarding the income of African households was carried out in 1963. Adjustments have been made by BCEOM/BNETD for the purpose of the Abidjan Urban Development Study, assuming that the distribution of household income has not changed between 1963 and 1973. It was then possible to obtain an estimate of the 1973 income distribution of the African population of Abidjan from which the following information was defined: ANNEX 1 Page 9

1973 Income & Population Proportions

% population % cumulative % income % cumulative

9.2 9.2 3.4 3.4

10.4 19.6 4.9 8.3

9.5 29.1 5.0 13.3

10.2 39.3 6.0 19.3

14.2 53.5 9.1 28.4

12.6 66.1 8.8 37.2

12.8 78.9 10.5 47.7

21.1 100.0 52.3 100.0

In 1973, four-fifths of the population were in households with monthly incomes between CFAF 13,000 and CFAF 104,000 (US$222). The median income was CFAF 36,770 (US$163). The average income was CFAF 50,000.

15. The following table presents an approximate distribution of household income for Abidjan and possible rental effort, based on a maximum of 25% of monthly income:

Rental Effort by Income Level, Abidjan 1973

Maximum Rent Monthly Income (Based on 25% of Percentage of (CFAF) Income) the Population Cumulative

Less than 10,000 Less than 2,500 5.1 5.1 10,001 - 15,000 2,500 - 3,750 7.9 13.0 15,001 - 20,000 3,750 - 5,000 6.0 21.0 20,001 - 25,000 5,000 - 6,250 14.0 35.0 25,001 - 30,000 6,250 - 7,500 5.0 40.0 30,001 - 35,000 7,500 - 8,750 4.0 49.0 35,001 - 40,000 8,750 - 10,000 5.5 54.5 40,001 - 45,000 10,000 - 11,250 5.5 60.0 45,001 - 50,000 11,250 - 12,500 5.0 65.0 50,001 - 75,000 12,500 - 18,750 6.0 81.0 75,001 - 100,000 18,750 - 25,000 4.5 89.5 More than 100,000 More than 25,000 10.5 100.0

The total amount of rents paid in Abidjan was about CFAF 680 million in 1973 corresponding to an effort averaging 16% of the total income of renters which was less than in 1963 (18%). ANNEX 1 Page 10

Demand for- lieus.i

16. In view of the high annual increase in the Abidjan population as well as the increasing demand for housing of a higher quality than many households presently enjoy, the total demand for housing in the city is very large. Studies by BCEOM/BNETD demonstrated that, w.th aïmual increases in income and population, there would be a shitt in the demand from mere shelter, as found in squatter settlements, towards higher quality units. At the present time, some 30% of the population live in squatter settlements. For the period 1973-1980, this shift to higher quality units may involve as many as 300,000 persons. The problein of satisfying demand, therefore, involves both providing shelter for new city residents and for the large proportion of the population presently living in standards of housing below what they could afford.

Affordability

17. The table below shows that public sector programs provide units in insufficient quantities at costs unaffordable by a sustantial proportion of the population.

.Affordability.cf Housing Types (Abidjan, 1973)

Avverage Monthly Unaffordable Strata Rent by (percent) lyp (CFAF)

A 33,000 90 High quality

B 14,000 60 (SICOGI-SOGEFIHA) economic housing 7,000 40 Very economic housing

7,900 45 Site and Services - SETU C 5,600 21 Site and Services - private 4,200 13 LEM /1 - Site and services

D 5,000 21 Traditional housing

5,300 25 Solid Construction E 2,600 5 Shacks

/1 Does not include housing construction.

18. The absolute deficit in projected housing stock is compounded by an inappropriate mix in the types of units provided in public sector programs. Under present legislation, housing standards have been established whichlmust be met if projects are to benefit from OSHE-subsidized infrastructure. These standards which apply to all aspects of construction have ANNEX I Page 11

led to the establishment of a rigid cost structure for housing from CFAF 5 million for units in strata A to CFAF 400,000 for units in strata C - a twelvefold difference. This has resulted in Government subsidies being provided for the construction of a single housing unit at CFAF 5 million when the same level of subsidy could have been directed to the construction of twelve units in strata C at CFAF 400,000. If the standards in Strata C were lowered, then even more units could be built for the same cost. Inevitably, if cheaper units were built then the demand for housing could be satisfied more effectively. The basic problem of design standards and construction cost minima can be overcome by reducing such standards and encouraging self-help construction to provide housing units more in line with incomes Ln Abidjan.

Demand for Water Supply

19. Despite the fact that Abidjan accounted for 80% of all urban water consumption in the Ivory Coast, only 50% of the city's population in 1973 had reasonable access to water, defined as either service through a private connection (taking an average of Il persons per connection) or service through public standpipes at 15 liters per capita per day (lpcd) which is considered a minimum reasonable quantity. The severity of this situation becomes evident when it is realized that in 1973, less than 2% of all water consumption came from public standpipes. The lack of standpipes in the city is partly due to the policy of the Government to suppress standpipes in order to encourage people to connect to piped water. This forces almost half the population to obtain water from either private vendors or private ground-water sources. Water from private vendors costs five times more per liter than the tariff of the public utility. This situation will worsen significantly by 1980 unless more standpipes are made available in high density neighborhoods.

Demand for Sewerage

20. The need for improved sewerage and drainage in Abidjan was recommended by a WHO/UNDP study in 1973. In 1974 it was estimated that only 20% of the Abidjan population uses water borne sewerage. Another 15% use private septic tanks. This should have improved due to the large housing construction projects executed in 1974 and 1975 and which include water borne sewerage for all units. But it is reasonable to assume that still half of Abidjan's population disposes of waste water and sewage in open pits or unlined water courses. The Bank's first Sewerage and Drainage Project (Loan No. 1076) is establishing a sound organizational framework, for the long term development of the sewerage and drainage sector. The first elements, financed under the Bank's project, of a 10-year sewerage and drainage master plan, are now under construction. The project also includes the studies for the next phase, and for which a second project is expected to be appraised in 1977.

Land Use

21. Following studies made in the 1960's, the Government decided to develop Abidjan along an east-west axis to create a balance between housing and employment areas by the development of industrial areas linked with port activities along the lagoon avoiding the western bank of the Vridi ANNEX 1 Page 12

canal which would be expensive to cross. However, this development option involves major new transport infrastructure. The results of the first phase of the BCEOM/BNETD study which were available in mid-1974 demonstrated that the strategy of a rapid development of the Banco area to the west of the present agglomeration would have required very heavy investments in transport infrastructure in order to provide satisfactory liaison between the Banco, with a potential population of 600,000 plus by 1980, and the rest of the metropolitan area where the employment was centered. As a result of discussions with Bank missions, the Government accepted that the development strategy for metropolitan Abidjan in the short run i.e. during the next five years, would need to consist of redirecting much of the planned development in the Banco to available land in the existing built-up area. The implications of the modified short-term strategy for the metropolitan area were primarily the reduction in the size and scope of planned infrastructure along the east- west highway axis and a total re-thinking of existing housing programs to include slum upgrading and site and services development.

Investment Program in the Transport Sector

22. The Government program in the transport sector of Abidjan for the period 1974-80 amounted originally to about CFAF 32 billion. This included the East-West Highway (western and eastern sections), the Banco bridge and the Abobo highway, and the long-distance bus terminal. Important investment allocations were also foreseen for the urgent rehabilitation of existing primary streets and upgrading of local streets. The Government decision to slow down the development of the Banco will allow the construction of the Banco bridge to be postponed for some years and reduce the design standards of the East-West Highway from six to four lanes. Following the BCEOM/BNETD study, the western section of the East-West Highway was considered a first priority, the eastern part being postponed. However, the lagoon western highway has a high priority and construction will probably start after the first section of the East-West Highway has been completed, if funds are available. LOT AFFORDABILITY(1976 costs and income)

-D,ATA,, AFFORDABILITYper top % 3 Cost/ Rent Rent for - for Area/ No. Cost/house house for eor owner.owner Rent for owner for Lot Inhab% Cost/ for owner owner with only w±th for owner with renter(s) (m2) Lot Lot alone renter 2/ . rentei's) Rentenl)W alone renter LEM 100 m2 100 lu 2OU 30 600 5 75 85 50 LEM 150 m2 150 12 347 300 600 8.1 h.4 7.3 70 87 73 Y2 128 12 376 300 600 9.0 4.9 8.0 65 86 66 Tl 192 15 500 400 900 12.2 3.1 7.7 48 95 70 U1 200 15 484 400 900 12 3.1 7.6 50 95 71

.:! 1976 coste in GFAF000's

/ Lott 13% - 20 years; house 9% - 10 year-

withi 25% of household income per lot and house payments

> Rent includes payment of lot and house and property tax but not utilities MONTHLYUOUSING BDMGET FOR SERVICEDLOTS (1976COSTS IN OAPF 000 s)

LEI4(125 nt2)~ 11~~~-~1 (200 m2) ' -~-~ Owner with Owner with ITME Owner alone one renter Renter Owner alone two rentera Rentera Cost of lot (infrast.) 278 27U 484 484 Coat a! house 300 / 600 400 900

Charge for the lot 3.3 / 3.3 5.8 2 5.8 Chargefor the house 3.l 6.2 à4.1 9.3 Snb-total 6.4 9.5 9.9 15.1

Propertytaxes (13% of RV) .8 W 1.3 y 1.3 / 2.0 21

Registrationtee / - .8 1.2

Total charge 7.2 10.8 5.4 12.0 18.3 6.1 Benetit (25%) 1.3 1.5

Total rent 7.2 6.7 12 7.6

Revenue from rent 6.7 - 15.2 Rent per owner 7.2 4.1, - 3.1 Utilitiesa -Water .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 *5 - Electricity 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 - Drainagetax <_5 .2 .1.8 .4

Sub-total 1.8 2.0 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.9 Rent + Utilities 9.0 6.1 8.4 14 5.3 9.5

Y Two roons RV 10000 At 13%, twenty years / RVW10000 S/ 20% down, the remaaning at 13% for 10 years / Registrationfee is 10% of lot + house Rental Value (RV) - 60b0 value 5% of Rv / R 15000 ie Registration fee is waived for SIGOGI 1o!! MHNTHLYHOUSIMG BUDGET FOR UPGRADED ARRAS (1976 ¢08tS in CFlF OOOts) ABOBOaARE 1/ PORTBOUET Il 2/ Owner Owner Renters Owner alone with one renter Renter 1/ Coat of infrastructure per plot 1.088 357 357

Estimated present rent 30 5 10 5 Additimnal oharge to the owner due to the upgrading programa

1. property taxes 3/ 4 .ô8 2. bettermenttax 14.9 1.6 1.6

Sub-total 8.9 1.3 2.4 2.9 1.4

Total rent 6.3 2.4 6.4 Other charge for the owner 18 5/ 4.5 2/ Total ownerts charges 26.j 7.4

Revenue from rent 37.8 6.4 Ownerts rent/benet. 10.9 2.4 1

Utilitiest Wster .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 Eleotricity 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Drainage tax .3 .3 .3 Sub-total TS1 T1.57& e 57 Rent + utilities 9.1 g 8.1 4.2 2.8 8.2 y Lot area - 500 -2 '-5 mort1zatIoen o the house;zUuu at Y% - zu years Painily/plot - 6.7 V/ Profit ç Lot area - 150 m2 7/ Rentaivalue - 6,00o Family/plot"2. Y/ Rental value - 10,000 y Sum of 4 different taxes J Amortizationof house; 500,000 at 9% - 20 years - 13,5% of rental value

/ Recovery 1/2 cost of sec. infra. at 9% - 20 years ANNEX 2 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

HOUSING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

1. There are seven relevant housing and housing finance institutions in the Ivory Coast: two public housing corporations (SOGEFIHA and SICOGI), a public land development agency (SETU), a public housing fund (OSHE), the Government's debt management agency (CAA), the multipurpose development bank (CCI), and the newly-created savings and credit bank (BNEC). Their respective roles are described in this Annex.

Societe de Gestion Financiere de l'Habitat (SOGEFIHA)

2. Created in 1963, SOGEFIHA is a public corporation under the control of the Ministry of Finance and Economy. Having built some 17,600 units by mid-1975, SOGEFIHA continues to manage some 14,900 units in Abidjan and almost 2,000 in the rest of the country; some 5,600 additional units were programmed for 1976. SOGEFIHA's financial position is unsound. On a capital base of slightly over CFAF 1.1 billion (US$4.9 million) and grants and endowments of CFAF 5.1 billion (US$22.7 million), SOGEFIHA had total assets of CFAF 48.6 billion (US$216.0 million) at September 1975; it had amassed a Government guaranteed term debt which more than doubled between 1973 and 1975 to CFAF 36.8 billion (US$163 million) while short-term debt grew to five times capital, largely as a result of advances from the Caisse Autonome d'Amor- tissement (CAA) needed to cover debt service falling due. This position results primarily from financing its rental properties on suppliers' credits of 5-8 year generally and rarely more than 12 year terms. It is unable to rent the units on terms sufficient to cover its debt service alone, without even considering operating costs. Moreover, poor control of construction costs (again partly a result of supplier financing, and inherently more expensive technology) as well as relatively poor rental collection performance has left SOGEFIHA with a large shortfall in its cash flow. This gap reached CFAF 2.1 billion (US$9.3 million) in 1974 and is estimated to have been CFAF 400 million (US$1.8 million) in 1975, but as grace periods on its loans expire, debt service of CFAF 4.2 billion (US$18.6 million) in 1975 will almost double to CFAF 7.4 billion (US$32.9 million) in 1976 and fall slowly thereafter, averaging CFAF 6.4 billion (US$28 million) annually over the next five years; consequently, preliminary estimates indicate a shortfall of CFAF 3-4 billion (US$13-18 million) per year through 1981. Management changed with the naming of a new Director-General in August, 1974. The new management has begun facing up to the inherited problems while, initially, continuing previous policies - albeit at a slower pace. New financial systems are being installed and personnel hired who have identified the most immediate needs of the agency and solutions to be implemented. ANNEX 2 Page 2

3. The first necessity regarding SOGEFIHA was to establish a plan to extricate it from the financial difficulties due to past operations. A draft rehabilitation plan, approved by the Minister of Finance, was discussed at negotiations. Its main operational features are: (i) immediate increases in payments on Governiment's installment-purchase units and in rents on private rental units, with further increases in future; (ii) bill- ing of construction supervision costs to projects under construction and of maintenance costs to tenants; (iii) selling rather than renting existing and future commercial and higher-priced residential properties. These resources should not only improve SOGEFIHA's cash flow but also lead to more economic pricing of its units, reflecting construction and financing costs. Similar measures will be imposed on SOGEFIHA's future programs, seeking to reduce the deficit inherent in the supplier-financed programs of some 4,000 units to which it is contractually committed. In addition, alternative technical designs, marketing outlets and financing will be investigated to the same end. Direetly to address SOGEFIHA's current financial difficulties, the following measures will be implemented: (i) BNEC will lend at long- term some CFAF 19 billion to SOGEFIHA between 1976 and 1978; (ii) CAA will lend at medium-term about CFAF 9 billion over the same period; (iii) Govern- ment will sextuple the existing equity capital base, subscribing CFAF 5 billion over 5 years; and, (iv) Governnent will refinance the short-term advances from CAA, consolidating them into a medium-term loan. This plan has now been finalized and the Governnent has agreed to implement it. Future operations will depend, then, on provision of financing on adequate terms, introduction of procurement and construction procedures which will help to minimize costs and adoption of pricing policies which reflect construction and financing costs. As such reforms are implemented, SOGEFIHA could continue to play an important role in middle-income urban housing, as well as rural housing.

Societe Ivoirienne de Construction et de Gestion Immobiliere (SICOGI)

4. SICOGI has existed as such since 1965, resulting from the merger of two earlier agencies. While Government is the majority shareholder, the CCCE and other Ivorian and French institutions hold an aggregate 44% of the capital. At the end of 1974, SICOGI had built some 23,600 units, of which 18,000 were still under management, some 95% being rental units in Abidjan. As the conduit for CCCE money and the object of extensive technical assistance, SICOGI has been able to resist the pressures to which SOGEFIHA succumbed; consequently, SICOGI remains a sound institution, almost completely Ivorianized both in management and finance. With very concessional CCCE money (3-1/2% per annum, 20 years), SICOGI has been able to price its units so as to recover full cost and has maintained good controls over its operations. With the phasing-out of CCCE funds, SICOGI is seeking to diversify the income mix of its operations and to find new funding sources. It is increasingly emphasizing lease-purchase for high-income units while undertaking low-income rental projects such as the USAID-financed component of the project. ANNEX 2 Page 3

Societe d'Equipements Urbains (SETU)

5. SETU was set up as a public corporation in 1973 under the supervision (tutelle) of the Ministry of Construction and Urbanism to execute almost all urban infrastructure programs. In 1974 the Government made SETU also responsible for the development of urban sewerage and drainage in the Ivory Coast including the Bank financed Sewerage Project Loan Number 1076. This activity is executed under the supervision of MPWT. Its housing activities comprise works for SICOGI, SOGEFIHA, and some 110 private clients, ranging from very rich to medium/low-income, who account for two-thirds of its business. SETU fully recovers costs from its clients but has had to finance the private ones on terms of two to three years at 15-20% per annum; under the proposed project, this task would fall to BNEC. The SETU is a well-managed organization with good technical and cost control and planning systems.

Office pour le Soutien de l'Habitat Economique (OSHE)

6. An autonomous agency of the Ministry of Finance and Economy, OSHE lias received earmarked tax revenues rising from CFAF 1.3 billion (US$5.8 million) in 1969 to CFAF 2.1 billion (US$9.3 million) in 1974; an increase in a tax on salaries brought 1975 revenues to some CFAF 5 billion (US$22.2 million). Over 70% of these funds has been disbursed as infrastructure development grants to SOGEFIHA and SICOGI low-income housing projects with most of the remainder going for long-term, non-amortizing convertible loans to these housing companies; less than 10% of the total has served to roll-over medium- term (5-year) local loans into 15 year loans to these companies. In addition to a part-time Secretary-General, OSHE has a Board that appears to be kept poorly informed and a staff of two, incapable of controlling expenditures. In 1969 when Government ordered a reduction in all rents, OSHE assumed debt service on a number of SICOGI loans presumably at the insistence of CCCE. In 1975, CFAF 1.0 billion (US$4.4 million) of OSHE's funds paid Government's subscription to the capital of BNEC at the order of the Minister of Finance, while at least CFAF 700 million (US$3.1 million) has been spent to pay part of SOGEFIHA's debt service.

7. The need for reforms was recognized by a Goverument working party established in 1974 which recommended reorganization of OSHE as the sole fiduciary for external housing finance, with the tax revenues going to lighten the debt service load. Following subsequent discussions of the merits and demerits of such an arrangement the Governnent has now decided to merge OSHE functions into the BNEC (see para. 21). The funds will be managed by BNEC for the account of Government. Operational criteria will be modified to permit financing of owner-occupied as well as rental housing to allow these monies to serve as the counterpart for the upgrading and site and services components of the proposed project and thus to be redistributed to a lower income clientele. Moreover, these fiscal receipts will no longer be disbursed as grants but appropriate cost recovery mechanisms, such as those described in Annex 7 and incorporated in the project design, will be included in all programs. ANNEX 2 Page 4

Caisse Autonome d'Amortissement (CAA)

Created in 1959, the CAA serves as fiscal agent for all external loans, either to Government or guaranteed by it, as well as for domestic public borrowings; the former includes Bank, other multi-lateral, bilateral aid and export credits and the latter includes many both official and private loans to parastatal and private borrowers. CAA also provides rediscount facilities to the Ivorian banking system for certain short- and medium term loans, complementing those available from the Central Bank. CAA's role in the housing sector comprises its guarantee of CCCE loans to SICOGI, its guarantee of suppliers' credits to SOGEFIHA, and acting as depository for both housing corporations and formerly OSHE. During 1974 and 1975, in addition, CAA advanced over CFAF 9.7 billion (US$44.3 million) to SOGEFIHA to cover its debt service falling due. The CAA will be a key factor in the financial restructuring of SOGEFIHA in coordination with BNEC's management of the former OSHE monies.

Credit de la Cote d'Ivoire (CCI)

9. A majority Government-owned, multi-purpose development bank, CCI is serving as financial intermediary for two Bank projects, viz. the Tour- ism Development and Small-Scale Enterprise (SSE) Projects. CCI is a well- run, financially sound bank. Its housing activities have been limited to medium-term loans to SICOGI and 5-10 year mortgages to a rather high-income clientele. A related aspect of its business has been over 10,000 small loans per year, exceeding CFAF 1.5 billion (US$6.7 million) annually in total, for household purchases including construction materials, on terms of 12-20 months at effective rates up to 20%; these loans were generally extended only to salaried employees. Under the integrated SSE project, in cooperation with an Ivorian technical assistance agency, OPEI, CCI would support artisans borrowing at least CFAF 1 million (US$4,500) to establish or expand their business.

10. Under the proposed project, CCI would, along with BNEC, extend credit to lessees and purchasers of the serviced sites as well as occupants of upgraded areas for purchases of construction materials, as outlined in Annex 5. CCI will also likely continue to be an important source of medium term construction working capital for SICOGI and perhaps even for SETU.

Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Credit (BNEC)

11. In connection with its two housing projects in the Ivory Coast, USAID has been urging the creation of a savings and loan institution for several years. With technical assistance from the National Savings and Loan League (U.S.), a savings and loan department was set up within SOGEFIHA which began operations in 1974; these activities were spun off to form the initial portfolio of operations of the BNEC. ANNEX 2 Page 5

12. BNEC was officially created by Decree of June 23, 1975 and has been operating on an ad hoc basis since then. Under the joint supervision of the Ministers of Finance and Plan, its statutes give it very broad com- petence. Its capital of CFAF 1.0 billion (US$4.4 million) is wholly held by Government and paid in from OSHE monies.

13. Board, Management and Staff. A Board of 10 members, including representatives of the relevant ministries, the legislature, public financial institutions and the Central Bank, has been named.

14. The Director-General is named by the two supervising Ministers. At present an adviser of the Minister of Finance is serving as temporary Director-General. The Deputy Director-General and Directors of the Technical Department and the Departments of Credit, Savings, Finance and Administration have been named and are serving provisionally. All seem well-trained, reasonably experienced in related fields and competent. However, as proposed under the project, technical assistance will be necessary both to strengthen management and train new professional staff. The support staff currently numbers about 20 and no problems are anticipated in recruiting additional people as operations grow.

15. Policies and Procedures. BNEC will, of course, be subject to Ivorian banking legislation governing aspects such as minimum capital and fiduciary responsibility as well as Central Bank regulation which is quite extensive. The bank's charter defines its activities as the financing of infrastructure for low-income housing, financing of the public housing corporations, encouragement of savings, granting of short-, medium- and long- term loans for all types of housing and, finally, management of public funds for housing finance.

16. A Policy Statement ("Reglement Interieur") governing operations for the bank's own account was drafted with assistance from USAID and subsequently modified to take account of the comments of the appraisal mission. It is to be formally adopted by the first Board meeting; this approval is a condition of disbursement of Bank and USAID funds for the shelter component. Policies substantially conform to those normally sought in Bank-supported development finance institutions with appropriate modifications for the particular activities of BNEC. Notably, the statement covers: (i) minimum liquidity requirements; (ii) a policy of charging prices and controlling expenses so as to maintain the real value of the bank's capital while establishing adequate provisions for losses; (iii) a maximum exposure to any one client of 20% of the bank's unimpaired capital plus reserves with a more restrictive maximum of CFAF 10 million to any individual, in line with Central Bank guidelines; and (iv) a maximum debt/equity ratio which should suffice for the start-up period. The negotiated project agreement between the Bank and BNEC fixes a maximum 3.5:1 total debt (including deposits) to equity ratio for operations for its own account.

17. USAID's technical assistance also included drafting of an operating manual which covers banking window procedures and controls. Elabora- tion of lending procedures and criteria is still required and continues during the current formative period. ANNEX 2 Page 6

18. Operations. BNEC inherited some lending activities from its pre- decessor, the Savings and Loan Department of SOGEFIHA. It manages the servicing of 455 individual mortgages arising from USAID's Williamsville project; the total initial amount was over CFAF 640 million (US$2.8 million). As of June 30, 1975, with the portfolio about one year old, arrears over three months were about 4% of payments due. In addition, the bank manages 59 rental units in the same project which it plans eventually to sell. Planned operations include loans to individuals for the construction, improvement or purchase of low- and middle-income housing, financing of the operations of the public housing corporations and financing of secondary infrastructure for low-income housing projects.

19. Resources and Financial Situation. BNEC's initial capital of CFAF 1.0 billion is its primary initial resource. In addition, BNEC is expected to receive (for its own account) external loans, such as the proposed IBRD/USAID loans, relating to the credit line for construction material loans. BNEC will have access to the Central Bank's rediscount facilities for short- (up to 2 years) and medium-term (up to 10 years) resources; most of the bank's operations will qualify for the "preferential" discount rate of 5.5% p.a. BNEC has also inherited the savings deposit business started under SOGEFIHA. Although legally empowered to pay slightly higher rates than commercial banks may offer on deposits, BNEC has maintained parallel rates. With the initial motive of saving down payments for the purchase of SOGEFIHA units, some 1,300 depositors had amassed CFAF 208 million (US$1 million) as of March 31, 1975; although the average balance was about CFAF 160,000 (US$700), over 60% of the accounts were less than CFAF 50,000 (US$225). BNEC will also manage, for Governnent's account, the funds formerly run by OSHE (see para. 22 below).

20. Accounts of BNEC are not available during this start-up period. The Policy Statement commits and the Central Bank requires the bank to maintain appropriate accounts; the statement also commits and the Loan Agreement would require annual independent audits.

21. Management of Ex-OSHE. OSHE will be merged into BNEC, permitting the bank to serve effectively as the central fiduciary for housing finance. Tax revenues received, estimated at about CFAF 5.5 billion in 1976 and growing at about 10.5% annually, will finance land preparation and infrastructure for low-income housing programs as well as subsidization and consolidation of borrowings of the public housing corporations (primarily the refinancing of SOGEFIHA's debt burden in early years). Putting these operations on a sound financial and organizational footing, BNEC will manage these funds for the account and at the risk of Government. Legal dissolution of OSHE is a condition of effectiveness of the Loans. A draft policy statement governing BNEC's management of the ex-OSHE funds was agreed to negotiations; ratification is a condition of disbursement. The negotiated project agreement fixes a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.25:1. ABIDJAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Flow of IBRD and USAID Funds

Part of prolect as descrrbed in Loan Agreement: 1------A Transport

/_ ------_- --- C(a) Tech Ass,st Transport

------C(d) 10 y de. study / ______. B~~~~~B(e( Comm. Facd t et GOVERNMENT OF - - - -/ W)Cm.F.Ite IVOFIY COAST//>/$ I/ -…---- …- - _- - C(b) Tech Ass,st MCOU 44 20~~~~~~~~~_14 / TTMC / /

IBRD. CAA _ L__6_ _ 0.06

/ ~~~\ - - -; - - - /

, ( \ (0.6). USA ID (06 ------FNA 2.6 ------_- - - _ C(c) Tech Assist BNEC US - Investor

13 ( 4 …------BU> TmrunkSer 0U4 Inese SETU16 - - - -SETU…---- B(a) Upgrading Abîdjan .2\ BNECS %~& S_; Abîdjan~t=B(a) (21 \ (Lot "A" sol

_ Fonds d'Habitat (FH) : 14

Housing Bank C\

\(a) S & S Ab.djan \ \ ~^ SICOGI (Lot "B' leased) B(c) Low cost hous,ng

0. | (2.7)

|ACCIR|/SO< _ B(b) Upgrading San Pedro

oS B(d) Housing Credit

Note Amounts in US$ mdlhon USAID amounts in )(d) B Housing Credit Loan - Grant - - -

Wor(d Bank-16479 ANNEX 3 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

TRANSPORT COMPONENT, DESIGN STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS

East-West Highway

1. The existing road has a two-lane roadway except in the section near the Agban junction where a third climbing lane reserved for low speed vehicles was built a few years ago. The daily traffic was estimated at about 14,000 vehicles per day in December 1973 and 19,000 vpd in November 1975 on the basis of traffic counts. Seven hours per day, hourly traffic is over 1,200 vehicles corresponding to 2,185 pcu per hour which could be considered as the maximum capacity for a two-lane road. The percentage of buses and trucks was about 45.7 in 1975 compared to 51.9 in 1973. In conclusion, the existing road is already highly congested. Revised traffic forecast on the priority section is estimated by consultants BCEOM/BNETD at 45,500 pcu per day in 1978 corresponding to a morning peak hour traffic of about 4,900 pcu justi- fying technically the design of a four-lane highway to be widened at a later stage. Traffic growth rate is estimated between 7% and 10% per annum. Total traffic is assumed between 117 and 152 million vehicles during the economic life of the pavement (20 years) depending on traffic growth rates.

2. Feasibility studies followed by detailed engineering designs were carried out by Consultants BCEOM (France) associated with BNETD (Ivory Coast). The National Soil Laboratory (LBTP) carried out soil investigations and tests. Designs are based on agreements reached with the Ministry of Public Works and Transport.

3. The East-West Highway is a four-lane road with basic infrastructure for six lanes. The EWH will be widened, by reducing the central reservation, to a six-lane road if and when justified by traffic volumes. This will not happen within the next five years. The alignment of the EWH has been chosen within the corridor selected in the Master Plan for Abidjan carried out in 1969 in order to minimize the demolition of existing dwellings, ensure a good service level for existing traffic during the construction period and avoid the destruction of the Banco Forestry Reserve.

4. Design standards are based on French regulations as far as express- ways are concerned since local specifications do not exist. The design speed is 80 km/h except in an interchange. Vertical and horizontal lay-outs as well as transition curves (clothoide) have been designed accordingly. The cross- over roads in the interchanges are one or two lanes with a minimum radius varying from 55 m to 30 m.

5. The standard cross section profile of the EWH is as follows: ANNEX 3 Page 2

pavement 2 x 2 lanes 2 x 2 x 3.5 m

central reservation 11.5 m

emergency lanes for stopping 2 x 3 m

shoulders (grass) . 2 x 3 m

extra width along the two edges of the pavement 2 x 1.5 m

The EWH will be connected with the existing road network and connecting roads radiating from the EWH will generally have the same design standards as existing roads, i.e. 7 m width with a 60 km/h design speed.

6. Drainage structures have been dimensioned according to the maximum ten-year expected rainfall which has an intensity of 225 mm/h. This figure is based on a 28-year observation period. The average year rainfall is 2,125 mm per annum in Abidjan. A rapid urbanization process was taken into account to calculate water flow ratios. Protection of the EWH required the construction of 35 culverts under the roadway and the channelization of about 6 km of existing thalwegs.

7. The project includes the construction of 15 bridges over and under EWH. One, located at the Agban interchange, is to re-establish the existing RAN railway line which has to be realigned on account of the new EWH alignment. The bridges have been designed according to French construction standards and most are in pre-stressed concrete. Difficulties in pile foundations could be expected in the Banco Bay area and additional soil investigations will probably be required to be carried out by the contractor during the project execution.

8. The pavement of the expressway has been designed for a 13 T axle load according to the Transport and Road Research Laboratory "road note" and the AASHO interim guide. The intensity of the heavy traffic (between 3.6 and 4.7 4illion kips) on the low speed vehicle lane during the expected economic life of the pavement (20 years) and the poor quality of road materials, especially crushed stones (Los Angeles ratio 25/30) require a flexi- ble pavement designed as follows:

asphalt concrete : 8 cm

binder : 12 cm

crushed stone 0/31.5 30 cm

sandy clay stabilized with 4% cement : 15 cm

Complementary studies initiated by the Bank demonstrated that reducing the pavement thickness is uneconomical and technically risky except for the road surfacing which will be carried out in two phases: 4 cm immediately and the ANNEX 3 Page 3 additional 4 cm at a later stage and therefore considered as a maintenance operation. Emergency lanes will have a more modest pavement.

9. Safety strips, wire fences, horizontal and vertical road signs and markings as well as traffic light signals will be established where necessary.

Short-Term Program in the Plateau Area (See Map No. 12086)

10. The project components will include:

- an exclusive right-of-way bus facility (1,750 m) to be constructed on the west carriageway of the Avenue de la Republique, the Avenue Marchand, and north to the Boulevard Garde. Bus-only lanes will also be established on the Avenues Delafosse and Franchet d'Esperey. The projects will include improvements of 16 existing intersections strengthening of existing pavements, reconstruction of sidewalks and the central reservation of the Avenue de la Republique, replanting of trees, construction of bus stops, road markings and modifications to existing traffic lights. This action will facilitate bus movements on the north-south and east-west axes, improving services and operating efficiency. Creation of one-way streets. Boulevard Closel will be one-way southbound; Avenue de la Republique (east carriageway) will be one-way northbound; Avenues Delafosse and Franchet d'Esperey will be made into an east-west one-way parallel system. This action will improve traffic flow in general on the north-south and east-west axes.

- traffic signal improvements. Traffic lights will be coordinated on Avenue de la Republique and Blvd. Closel, in order to facilitate axial movements, and additional traffic lights will be installed at junctions that currently are frequently blocked.

- road signs and markings will be introduced throughout the Plateau to promote better traffic discipline and to increase effective capacity. ANNEX 3 06/03/76 ABIDJAN UJRFDANriEVEI Of,"MENT PROJECT

DEVAILEDI COST ESTIMATES

TRANSFORT COMPONENT

(CFAF MILLIUN--BASED ON JUNE 1976 PRICES)

1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM TOTAL

EAST-WEST HIGHWAY

SITE PREPARATION 40 200 31 - - - - - 271 CONSTRUCTION - 375 1231 1284 1284 1070 856 -- - - 6100 MATERIALS 80 241 214 214 107 54 - - - 910 RAN. CONNECTION - - 135 135 - - - - 270 LIGHTING -- - 320 _ _ - 320 SUPERVISION EW HWY 40 8s 85 85 85 85 13 - - - 474

TOTAL HIGHWAY 80 736 1722 2038 1583 1262 923 - _ _ S344

TRAFFIC IMPROVEMENT

CIVIL WORK - - 105 140 149 - - - - 394 EQUIPMENT -45 60 64 - -1 _ _ 169

TOTAL IMPROVEMENT - 150 200 213 - 563

TOTAL BASE COST 80 736 1872 2238 1795 t262 923 _- 8906

PHYS. CONTINGENCIES 8 74 187 224 180 126 92 - 891 PRICE CONTINGENClES 1 32 171 331 370 319 284 - - 1508

GRAND TOTAL 89 84? 2230 2792 2345 1707 1299 - - - 11304 ANNEX 4 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

SHELTER COMPONENT

A. Design Standards and Specifications

Land Use

1. The project sites have the following land use:

Residen- Community Circu- Open SITES tial % Facilities % lation % Space % Total ha ha ha ha ha

Abobo Gare 58.2 52 13.4 12 39.0 35 1.8 1 112 Adjame 26.3 65 1.7 4 13.6 32 - 42 Port Bouet II 20.8 52 0.6 2 18.4 46 - 40 Pelieuville 12.3 65 0.8 4 5.5 29 .4 2 19 San Pedro Bardo 46.0 78 3.0 1 10.0 20 1.0 1 60 Koumassi N-E 35.0 52 9.0 15 21.0 32 3.0 1 68 Abobo Nord 17.5 52 4.5 15 11.5 32 1.5 1 34

Total: 216.1 58% 33.0 8% 119.0 32 7.7 2% 375

Since the project areas do not correspond to self-sufficient neighborhoods, the figures given above are only indicative. One can nevertheless make the following remarks: The net residential percentage is generally high; the circulation area is on the high side (in existing neighborhoods the right- of-way of secondary roads is often 25 m) and the area devoted to community facilities is relatively small. Map No. 12087 shows the land use plan for the Abobo-Gare site and Maps. Nos. 12088 and 12089 show indicative land use plans for site and services area. Table 1 gives the population characteristics of the sites.

Lot Options for Site and Services

2. Site and services lots will be of two kinds: the LEM type (lot a equipement minimum) which is presently built in Abidjan by SETU on an experimental basis (in 4 packages of 5 ha each integrated in low-middle income public housing projects, see Map No. 12088); and the BCEOM/BNETD types which have been designed by the consultants. ANNEX 4 Page 2

(I) LEM: (See Map No. 12088)

Lot options provided in the project are as follows:

2 100 m 8 m x 12.5 m ) ( 2 125 m 8 m x 15.6 m ) 2,700 lots

2 ( 150 m 8 m x 18.7 m )

Only 30% of the lots have a direct vehicular access, the others will have pedestrian access. This is satisfactory since these lots are for the lowest income group of the target population of the project. Both roads and pedestrian ways will have V-shaped cross-sections and serve as storm drainage collectors.

(II) BCEOM/BNETD types:

Lot options provided in the project are the following:

Type Ul: 200 m2 (10 m x 20 m) - 500 lots

Type Tl: 192 m2 (8 m x 24 m) - 500 lots

Type Y2: 128 m2 (8 m x 16 m) - 500 lots

All lots will have direct access to roads suitable for motor vehicles except the Y2 type ones, the smallest, which are arranged around small squares.

3. Since the LEM experiment has shown that people could build their own sanitary core unit for half the contractor built price, each lot in the site and services area will be provided with minimum lot services consisting of a sewerage connection only. For their houses, people will choose either a standard plan among 20 types being offered, or develop their own plan, in which case they will have to get a building permit. This arrangement will provide the owners/leaseholders with the possibility of building the type of house they really desire and can afford. ANNEX 4 Page 3

Internal Roads and Pedestrian Facilities

4. Both the upgraded areas and the areas for site and services will be provided with a circulation network comprising pedestrian ways and vehicular roads for buses and garbage collection trucks. Streets will have a 10 m to 30 m right-of-way with carriageways from 4 m to 10.5 m, with 2 or 2.7 m sidewalks. Due to the heavy rainfalls and the poor quality of the soil, there are considerable erosion problems in the slum upgrading areas and infilling and regravelling will be necessary. The steeper the slope, the greater the erosion, and the more important the earthworks, mainly infilling up to 50 cm thick for slopes over 2%. The laterite base will be 0.25 m thick covered with a double surface treatment for the carriageway. The remaining right-of-way will not be surfaced but only gravelled. Only roads necessary for public transport and garbage collection trucks will be bituminized. Whenever the slope is too steep on non-surfaced roads, a V-shaped bituminized walkway of 2 m width will be provided with steps and water breaks. It will also serve to collect drainage water and thus prevent erosion.

Water Supply

5. The project will provide secondary and tertiary water distribution systems in the project areas, which are not yet served. Only Port Bouet II will need reinforcement of the primary feeder, which will be constructed in 1977-78 and financed out of the water sector's own resources. The secondary and tertiary distribution system will follow the existing road layout. Pipes are locally manufactured plastic (PVC) pipes in diameters from 6 53/63 to t 143.2/160. A t 53/63 diameter pipe is assumed to be able to serve 60 house connections. The cost of a house connection of e 15 mm, including the water meter, amounts to CFAF 7,000-10,000 (US$30-45) including costs of a faucet connection at the edge of the lot. This cost is subsidized by the Fonds National d'Hydraulique Humaine (FNH). The water tariffs ar3 currently CFAF 80/m for the first 5 m3/month of consumption and CFAF 119/m thereafter.

Surface Water Drainage

6. Because Abidjan has torrential rainfall, storm water drainage is expensive. In cases where insufficient attention is given to this in design of the street layout and the drainage system, damage can be extensive. In flat areas such as Koumassi damage is caused by flooding and, in areas with steep slopes as Pelieuville, by erosion. Storm water drainage for Abidjan is handled by a combination of open ditches and a sub-surface piped network. The design is based on a 5-year storm frequency for the drainage network in general, while keeping a 20-25 year storm frequency for critical works, such as bridges etc. The runoff coefficients vary according to slope, surface and sub-surface conditions, from 0.95 for paved streets with slopes over 6% to 0.35 for non-paved streets with slopes 0.5% and 0.10 for gardens. ANNEX4 Page 4

Sewerage

7. The project will include a complete secondary and tertiary sewerage disposal system. In addition, the Abobo and Koumassi areas will need construction of trunk sewers, while Adjame will be served by the East Plateau sewer, which will be constructed in 1977-78 under the Bank-financed Abidjan Sewerage and Drainage project. The Port Bouet II sewerage system will be connected to the existing trunk sewer of the Banco Industrial zone. Pelieuville is situated on the west side of the Plateau area, for which the construction of a trunk sewer is planned for the early or mid-eighties. Therefore as a temporary measure the Pelieuville primary sewer will end at the Banco Lagoon.

8. The minimum diameter of a tertiary sewer line is e 200 mm with a minimum slope of 0.5%, while the house connections are made of q 100 mm pipe with a minimum slope of 0.3%. These standards have been set for the whole Abidjan system, on the basis of experience of the sewerage system operator SODECI, which has had major problems in the maintenance of A 150 mm laterals. At present all sewer pipes up to a diameter of e 300 mm are made of PVC. Pipes will be placed under the sidewalks. Houses will be connected to concrete manholes constructed at an average distance of 50 m. The designs for the project are based on a per capita water consumption of 75-100 1/day with an 80% return to the sewerage system and peak flow factor of about 2. The pipes are dimensioned to accept 80% of their capacity at peakflow.

Electricity and Street Lighting

9. Except for Port Bouet Il, Pelieuville and Bardo, the areas to be upgraded have already a medium voltage power grid and about 60% of the lots are connected. In Port Bouet II, EECI will install the medium and low-voltage power grid. Cost estimates include the lines and civil works for the transformers. The transformers themselves will be supplied and paid for by the electricity company (EECI) and are not included in the project. In Pelieuville, cost estimates include the upgrading and extension of the power grid (new lines and some new poles). For the site and services areas, EECI will construct the medium and low voltage power grid. For the transformers, the same arrangement has been adopted. Each lot or family will be provided with a metered connection upon request (at a cost of CFAF 9,000).

Primary Schools

10. In agreement with the Planning Department of the Ministry of Edu- cation, the calculations of primary school requirements are based on the following assumptions: ANNEX 4 Page 5

(a) School age population (7 - 12 years): 11% of total population

(b) Scholarization rate: 80% of (a)

(d) private school pupils 22% of (a)/(b)

(e) maximum number of pupils per class: 45

These figures have to be rounded since the smallest school included in the project is 12 classrooms. There is only one shift per classroom per day.

11. Cost estimates are based on June 1976 prices for similar construction by contractors. The following buiding specifications are similar to those of existing low-cost primary schools recently built in the Abidjan area whieh are adequately adapted to local conditions and require very little maintenance:

- reinforced concrete foundations;

- concrete block walls, plastered only externally;

- transversal ventilation ensured by concrete clautra on one side and wooden louvers on the other;

- wooden doors;

- concrete floors;

- aluminum roofs on timber framing;

- plywood ceilings.

The cost of furniture and equipment is estimated to be about 15% of the total cost. See details and accommodation schedules in Tables 2, 3, and 4.

Health Centers:

12. There will be three types of facilities provided:

- 3 dispensaries (450 m each);

- 2 maternity centers (665 m including a 30 bed ward);

- .2 PMI/MCH (Protection Maternelle et Infantile Mother Child Health) (585 m each).

There are standard plans for all those facilities. ANNEX 4 Page 6

Cost Health Centers (CFAF million)

Facility Number Building cost/unit Equipment/unit Total

Maternity 2 35 5 80 PMI 2 22 4 52 Dispensary 3 25 5 90

TOTAL 7 - - 222

Market Facilities

13. Local market facilities will consist of simple covered structures on a concrete floor, which are estimated to cost CFAF 15,000/m , and will include drainage, water supply, public toilets and garbage facilities. The following are included in the project:

Cost Sites Covered Area (CFAF million)

Abobo Gare 6,500 m2 100 Port Bouet II 1,000 m 2 15 Le Bardo 1,000 m 2 15 Koumassi N.E. 3,200 m 2 50 Abobo Nord 1,000 mn 15

Total 12,700 m 2 195

B. Description and Detailed Costs of Project Sites

Aboho Gare

14. Situated 10 km north of the city center, on the road to Adzope and Ghana, Abobo is already the third largest city of Ivory Coast with a population of about 160,000. Abobo is linked to Abidjan by the railway line and a new expressway under construction, and has experienced a very rapid growth due to influx of migrants and the relocation of the "deguerpis" (those forced out of other areas). The economic importance of Abobo will undoubtedly increase with the development of new industrial areas, the relocation of the central workshop of the railway (RAN), and the building of the Abidjan wholesale market. ANNEX 4 Page 7

15. The project site (112 ha) is the center of Abobo which developed around the railway station and the road from Abidjan (see Aerial Photography at the end of the report). It includes the central market and the commercial area as well as the social center of Abobo (community facilities). The site is adjacent to a USAID middle-income SOGEFIHA housing program completed in 1975 and the first slum upgrading program of the SETU (Abobo Gendarmerie).

16. The existing population is 45,000 with a density of 400 pers/ha. There are 8,100 families on the 1,200 lots of the site. There is no detailed socio-economic survey of the area. The following estimates are based on a BCEOM/BNETD sample survey done for Abidjan in 1973 and on a 1975 survey of the adjacent neighborhood Abobo Gendarmerie (the slum upgrading program of the SETU). About 80% of the inhabitants are renters while 11% are owners. The median monthly income of owners is about CFAF 50,000. The actual investment per lot averages CFAF 2,000,000, and the monthly average rental income between CFAF 30,000 and 40,000 for a completed lot. The 1973 average household income was estimated at CFAF 41,000 on the basis of 1.5 jobs per household and the median household income at CFAF 26,000 per month. The average surface of a lot is 500 m and there are 7 dwellings per lot with 5.3 persons per dwelling. Only a few lot around the market are occuped by more than one story buildings.

17. The road to Abidjan and to Adzope is bituminized. Other streets are gravelled and severely eroded due to lack of maintenance and poor design, in particular with regard to drainage facilities. Neither storm water drainage channels nor sewers exist. Only the northern part of the site is connected with the water supply network. Street lighting is inadequate. Existing community facilities cover about 10.7 ha with a further 2.7 ha reserved for extension.

Central Market Extension 26,500 m

2 Central Bus station 9,800 m

Maternity, Dispensary 16,800 m

PTT: (Post Office) 4,200 m

EECI: (Electricity) 9,600 m

Primary Schools 23,600 m

Religious Facilities 16,800 m

107,300 m - or 10.7 ha ANNEA 4 Page 8

18. The following primary infrastructure is included [n the project:

(a) paving of the road on the northern edge of the site;

(b) construction of surface water drainage collectors necessary to drain two small basins within the site; and

(c) construction of sewer necessary to transport the sewerage to the trunk sewer connecting with the East Plateau main collectors.

The Abobo area contains several small drainage basins without natural dis- charges, except for underground seepage. With the development of this area the runoff will increase in volume and concentration and it would be necessary to construct a large drain 6-7 m deep to ensure nearly instantaneous evacua- tion. To avoid the high costs of such facility use will be made of storm water retention ponds at the low points of the drainage basins. A small diameter drain will evacuate the water from these ponds to a nearby natural water course over a period of a couple of hours or days, depending on the rainfall intensity.

19. The Abobo area is experiencing development at a faster rate than that foreseen during the first Abidjan Sewerage Project in which the construction of trunk sewers for Abobo was not planned until the 1980's. The main collector of the Plateau area, which will end in Adjame, will be constructed during 1976-1977 and it is designed with sufficient capacity for sewerage discharge from the Abobo area. Two solutions for Abobo were considered:

(a) A temporary solution proposed by BCEOM consisted of piping the sewerage about 1 km to a stabilization pond, after which the treated waste would flow free through natural drainage course to the lagoon of Aghien.

(b) The alternative and permanent solution would be the construction of a collector of 6 km q 900 mûm (including two pumping stations) connecting the Abobo area sewerage network to the East Plateau collector.

The Ministry of Plan, responsible for potable water supply, objected to the first solution due to the risk of polluting the Aghien Lagoon which is being considered as a future water supply source for Abidjan. A UNDP/WHO study of Abidjan water sources will be carried out during 1976-1977, and only after this study becomes available can a definite conclusion be drawn. In view of present uncertainties as to the use of the Abidjan Lagoon a permanent solution with no risk of pollution is preferable. The upgrading of the area requires an immediate solution and the construction of the collector cannot await a Second Sewerage Project since the project will not be ready for appraisal ANNEX 4 Page 9 before 1977. In addition, the permanent solution would integrate well with the overall development of the sewerage system. For these reasons, and after an evaluation of the costs/benefits of the two solutions, the permanent solution was chosen and is to be financed under the project.

20. Given the central location of the site within the Abobo area, certain community facilities under the proposed project will serve the entire area. This is so in the case of the improvements to the existing market. The secondary and tertiary infrastructure will be provided, including bituminiza- tion of streets around the market and the commercial area and of a network suitable for buses and garbage collection (see picture at the end of the report). No new health facility will be provided given the recent construction of a health center within the site. The project includes the construction of 72 primary classrooms (one 36-class school and three 12-class schools), a small community center (500 m ) and 9 playgrounds.

Adjame

21. Located at the northern part of the Plateau, Adjame is one of the oldest neighborhoods of the city. The project site is composed of two parts: Adjame-Nord-Est (24.6 ha) and Adjame-Fraternite (17.3 ha) separated by a main street. The site is bordered by a Child Center and middle-income SICOGI apartment buildings (see picture at the end of the report). This is the most urbanized and developed site of the project with excellent access to every part of the city. Adjame will be the first neighborhood to be connected with the trunk sewers financed under the Bank's First Abidjan Sewerage Project. Water supply and street lighting already exist. However, the internal street network is inadequate for buses and garbage collection.

22. There are some 20,000 persons living in the 580 lots of the site with a density of 500 pers/ha. There are an average 5.8 persons per household and 34.5 persons per lot. The monthly median household income has been estimated at about CFAF 45,000. Most lots of Adjame NE are 400 m while the layout of 2 Adjame Fraternite is less regular with an average lot of 500 m . A few multi-storey buildings are on lots along the major streets. There are many shops along the Boulevard General de Gaulle on the northern edge of the site. There are only a few existing community facilities:

Administration (Labor Office) : 6,600 m2 Religious Facilities : 5,000 m

Private Schools : 2,100 m2 Administrative Reserve : 3,000 m

Total : 16,700 m

A block of 14 lots totalling about 5,000 m has been earmarked for a future primary school. ANNEX 4 Page 10

23. The project consists of paving of streets to be used for public transport and garbage collection; the upgrading and reconstruction, where necessary, of surface water drainage and sewerage facilities, a 24 classroom primary school and one playground. No health center will be provided given the proximity of the Institut de la Sante Publique. A future increase in density of up to 800 pers/ha is expected once the upgrading works are completed.

Port Bouet II

24. This is the least developed and poorest site in the project. Located on the northwestern part of the Banco plateau, this site was opened for the families forcibly removed from a squatter settlement situated along the road to the airport to give place to a public housing project. At first isolated in the middle of the pineapple fields without infrastructure, community facilities and transport facilities, the recent SICOGI and SOGEFIHA housing developments and the Northern Banco industrial area developed by SETU are now close to the site (see picture at the end of the report). The site is less than one km south of the west end of the East-West Highway financed under this project. Thus, in the very near future, the site will be connected to roads, and primary water and sewerage lines. The development of land nearby has transformed this supposedly temporary settlement into a permanent one that is presently larger than that originally conceived.

25. There are some212,000 persons living in the 1,400 lots of the site. Each lot is 150 m and the density is 300 pers/ha with 8.6 pers/lot. The monthly median household income has been estimated at about CFAF 27,000. The site layout is a straightforward grid pattern, there are no paved streets, no channelled surface water drainage and no sewers within the site; only three communal standpipes serve the whole population. There are practically no community facilities:

School (project) 5,000 m2

Cinema : 270 m Market (open air) 1,000 m

Total : 6,270 m2

26. Under the project, streets will be regravelled (see picture at the end of the report). Open water drainage, sewers and street lighting will be provided. Each lot will have water and sewerage connection. Very little primary infrastructure will be necessary to connect the site with the nearby water main and the trunk sewer. A dispensary, 24 classrooms, a small market and three playgrounds will also be provided under the project. ANNEX 4 Page 11

Pelieuville

27. Pelieuville is located at the northern part of the Plateau on the west side of the Boulevard Carde (see picture at the end of the report). It is a very busy as well as poor neighborhood. The project site (19 ha) concerns the area to be upgraded; there is an additional 7.5 ha in very bad condition, on a steep slope (15%) that the Government wants to rebuild completely. This is not included in the project. There are about 430 lots with an average lot 2 size of 285 m . There are no channelled surface water drainage facilities, no sewers, no bituminized roads and only about 10% of the lots are connected with water supply. Half of the site is served by a sub-standard electricity network. There is no street lighting. There are no community facilities except for the market (7,200 m ) and a few private schools. A 4,200 m site (part of the additional 7.5 ha) has been earmarked for a new primary school. There are about 4.4 household/lot and 4.2 pers./household. The monthly median household income has been estimated at CFAF 27,000.

28. The project consists of:

- reconstruction of all streets, with bituminiza- tion of those streets necessary for public transport, garbage collection and market activities, and construction of pedestrian paths on the rest;

- construction of channelled surface water drainage and sewer network;

- upgrading and construction of the water supply network;

- street lighting;

- construction of 12 classrooms;

- one wash-house;

- market improvement.

No health facility is included given the proximity of the Institut de Sante Publique.

Bardo, San Pedro

29. One of the most important elements of the Government policy to redirect urban growth away from Abidjan was the creation of the growth pole of San Pedro in 1970. As the public housing tenements built by SOGEFIHA in San Pedro were too expensive (average rent per month: CFAF 8,000), most ANNEX 4 Page 12 migrant workers squatted in the Bardo which soon became a city of 30,000 inhabitants (see Map No. 12091). Having decided not to bulldoze this slum (in which there is an estimated investment of CFAF 1.5 million, the Government has asked the CCCE (French Aid) to help prepare and finance an experimental slum upgrading project. The project has been prepared by CCCE, ARSO (Autorite Regionale du Sud-Ouest) and BNETD for the whole area and CCCE is partially financing a first phase of 32 ha for a total cost of CFAF 750 million.

30. The Bank-financed project will consist of provision of basic services including water supply, sewerage, surface water drainage, roads, footpaths, street lighting for the area whose upgrading is not financed by CCCE, i.e., 60 ha comprising about 20,000 persons. No primary infrastructure will be necessary. Twenty-four classrooms, a small market, a community center, and three playgrounds are also included in the project.

Koumassi-Nord-Est

31. This site was chosen mainly for its proximity to formal and informal job opportunities and for its favorable topography (see picture at the end of the report). Situated in the north-eastern peninsula of the island of Petit- Bassam where a majority of the employment of the Abidjan area is concentrated, the 70 ha site is part of a 150 ha development scheme done by SETU. This development scheme will include:

- 50 ha of site and services;

- 19.3 ha of high income residential housing;

- 5.6 ha of "lotissements evolutifs" (400 m lots);

- 19 ha of very low-income SICOGI housing (with USAID financing);

- 4.5 ha of traditional villages;

- 28.4 ha of community facilities and open space;

- 4 ha for a tourism program;

- 17.6 ha of primary and secondary roads. ANNEX 4 Page 13

32. This peninsula is adjacent to industrial and commercial estates and medium-income housing developments (SOGEFIHA, SOPIM). The site is not presently inhabited except for the north-western parts with two small villages. Road access to the peninsula is possible through secondary streets serving existing housing developments. In the near future, two new roads will link the area to the major street network.

33. The project consists of:

- 32 ha of LEM type site and services: 1,800 lots (from 100 m2 to 150 m2 ;

- 18 ha of BNETD type site and services: 250 Ul type (10 m x 20 m); 250 Tl type (8 m x 24 m); 250 Y2 type (8 m x 16 m);

- community facilities including 72 primary classrooms; one health center with one PMI (MCH) - one dispensary; one maternity;

- one community center with a sportsground.

The heal.h center and the community center will not only serve the population cf the site and services area but also the surrounding areas. The primary schools will be able to serve the needs of the population of the whole site.

34. Several solutions were examined for the disposal of sewerage. In agreement with the DDA (Direction du Drainage et de l'Assainissement)/SETU, it is proposed to build a 2 km collector (S 350 mm) which would serve the whole peninsula and the existing neighboring developments (PRODOMO, SOPIM) and which will be financed pro rata the surface of the different project sites.

Abobo Nord

35. This site is also part of a SETU development scheme which includes both slum upgrading and site and services. The site is adjacent to the Abobo Gare slum upgrading program. Presently vacant, the 35 ha site will consist of: 16 ha of LEM type site and services (900 lots) and 9 ha of BCEOM/BNETD type site and services; 125 Ul type (10 m x 20 m); 125 Tl type (8 m x 24 m); 125 Y2 type (8 m x 16 m). Community facilities will include 36 primary schools and one health center comprising one dispensary, one maternity and one PMI (MCH). The health center will complement the existing one in the slum upgrading project site and will serve the whole population of the Abobo area (about 160,000 persons in 1976). Annex h Table 1

Characteristics ot Project Sites

Average Number Number Area Denuity o! of (ha) Poulation per ha Lots Families A. URgrading , AboboGare 112 45,000 450 1,200 8,100 ÂdJamé 40 20,000 500 580 3,500 Port Bouet II 40 12,000 300 1,400 2,900

Pelieuville 8.000 420 h930 1.goo Sub-TotalAbidJaui 211 85,000 400 3,610 16,400

Bardo,San Pedro 60 20,000 330 (i,hOo) 5800 Sub-Total 271 105,000 390 5,010 22,200 (Upgrading) Umm mu M . ,, IM

B. Sites and Services Komassi N.E. 70 32,000 450 2,550 5,500

AboboNord 35 16.000 450 1,275 2,750 Sub-Total. 105 48,ooo 450 3,825 8,250 (Sites& Services) -Um mmmu-- -- t---- Mm C. Low-CostHousina

KoumassiN.E. 20 6,200 310 1,100 1,100

Marcory 13 3,800 300 760 760 Sub-Total 33 10,000 300 1,860 1,860 (L

TOTAL 409 163,000 405 10,695 32,310 PRINURYCLASSROOIS NEEDED

Theoretical Number of Repeating Private Number of Clasarooms School Age In School + Pupils Schools Classrooms included Total Pop PoP (11%) Pop (80%) (10%) (22%) Total 45p/cl. in project

Abobo Gare 45,000 5,200 4,160 400 1,000 3,560 80 72

Adjam4 20,000 2,200 1,760 180 427 1,513 34 24 j/

Port Bouet II 12,000 1,320 1,056 100 256 900 20 24

Pelieuville 8,000 880 704 70 170 604 13 12

Bardo, San Pedro 20,000 1,650o 1,320 130 319 1,131 25 24

KoumassiN.E. 32,000 3,520 2,800 280 677 2,400 53 72

Abobo Nord 16,000 1,760 1,408 140 1,550 1,200 27 36 J/

TOTAL 264

/ Only 24 classroomsare providedunder the project given the high number of private schoolsin the neighborhood

/ The sachoolage populationhas been estimated at about 8% in Bardo

/ The number of classroomsprovlded takes into account the population of the SETU developmentin which the Bank-financedproject is integrated 'i. S5HEDULE OF îiCCOGODATICNS FOR PRIMARY SCIIOOLS

Accomodation Unit Accomodation requirements Estimated costs based on June 1976 prices, CFAF '000

number of net area total net total gross Building Site Dev. Furniture Sub-total Prof. fees TOTAL units m2 area m2 area m2 15% 10%

A. 12 classroom unit

classrooms (45) 12 64 768 workshop (45) 1 80 80 1021 toilet 1 40 40 (15%)

Adm: principal off. 1 16 adm. office 1 8 faculty room 1 36 84m 105 health room 1 8 (25%) storage 1 12 toilets 1 4

TOTAL 972 1126 27.024 4.053 4.000 36.203 3.620 39.823

B. 18 classroom unit

classrooms (45) 18 64 1152 workshop (60) 1 120 120 1532 toilet 60 60 60 (15%)

Adm: principal off. 1 16 adm. office 1 8 facultv room 1 50 104 130 health room 1 10 storage 1 16 toilets 1 4

TOTAI, 1436 1662 39.888 5.983 6.000 51.871 5.187 57.056

C. 24 classroom unit

classrooms (45) 24 64 1536 workshop (45) 2 80 160 2042 toilet 1 80 80 (15%) Adm: principal off. 1 28 adm. office 1 8 faculty room 1 60 132 165 health room 1 12 (25°/) storage 1 20 toilets 1 4

TOTAL 1908 2207 52.968 7.945 8.000 68.913 6.891 75.8C Costs estimates of primary schools based on June 197> prices in CFAF million

Cost Estimates

Site Type of school No. of No, of Prof. fees Contingencies 1/ 12 cl. 18 cl. 24 cl. schouls classrooms Building Site dev. furniture (studies) total base cost (x 1.5) TOTAL COST

Abobo Gare 4 _ 1 5 72 160 24 26 21 231

Adjame _ - 1 1 24 40 6 6 5 57

Port Bouet II 2 - - 2 24 56 8 8 7 79

Pelieuville I _ - 1 12 28 4 4 4 40

Bardo, San Pedro 2 - - 2 24 54 8 6 7 75

Koumassi N-E - 4 - 4 72 160 24 26 21 231

Abobo Nord I - 1 2 36 80 12 12 10 114

TOTALS 10 4 3 17 264 578 86 88 75 827 413 1240

y Indicative average; physical (107) and price. -HI TE , ClMi l lNF NIl ANNET 4 '71p1Te,-

ABOBO GARE

LCFAF MILLION-BASED ON JUNE 1976 PRICES)

INFRASTRUCTURE 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 19/8 1979 1979 1980 19HO ______1-SEM 2-SES 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2--SES 1-SE 2-SES 1-1EH , SFM [OTAL

PRIMARY NETWORiK

-ROADS - - - 14 21 ?T 14 - - 70 -SURF. WATER DRAINAGE - -- - 36 54 S4 36 - 180 -SEWERAGE - - - __ 23 23 1___ - 76

BASE COST - - - 65 98 98 65 - 326

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - 7 10 10 7 34 FRICE CONTINGENCIES - - 14 29 37 30 - 110

TOTAL - - 86 137 14' 102 - 470

SECÔNI., TERT. NETWORF

-EARTHWORS, ROADS - - 84 125 125 84 - 419 -SURF. WATES D1RAINAGE` - 96 144 144 96 - 480 -WATER SUPPLY - 25 38 38 25 126 -SEWERAGE - - 36 54 54 36 TITI, -ELECTRICITY - - 3 4 4 3 - 14

BASE COST - - 244 365 36S 244 l ?t1i

F'HYSILCAL CONI INGENClIE:L - - 24 37 37 _,4I 2 PRICE COLNTINGENCIES - - 54 108 137 il? _ 4

TOTAL - - 321 S10 938 380 l '33

TOTAL INFRASTRUCTURE - 408 647 68 3 4R2

SiTUEITEsTINFRATTRUCETL-REI

SUTDIES 36 19 - -CONTROt 7 T T

B-ASE COS1 36 19 7 il il

F'HYSICAL CONTINGE NC[ES 4 2 1 t E L FRICE CONTINliENCIES 2 1 2 3

TOTAL - 4" 23 9 14 il , l

SUP TOTAL *INFROA+TTUr,IES) 42 23 417 662 6S9F 4'"

r'OMFIJN TY FACIl 1 IT516

Ffil^y7li lLAI' 5

S(UfILriSTi - - > 92 ' EEÙIITEF¶F8- - - 37 13i

17116 TO IOIl(104c

FIEAL TH CE:NlL F'; DUAIOrS TNY F

-EÙUJTFHFNT - -- - T3TAL

M10ET9 - SO

rLAYGROIJN - - - 6 <5

COMHUNITY CENTFR - - - IS 15 -

BASE COLr - - -- 1L74 174 34G

PHYSICAL CONTINGFNCTES - - - - E? 17 - - 34 PRICE CONFIINENCIFS - - - - 80 96 - L76

TOTAL COMMTINTTY EAU - - - 2-77. 2E?'

3TUCIIES(COM.FAC. '

-SrUDIES - 14 7 - - 221 -CONTRE- -3 3 6

BASE COST - 14 7 -- - 3 3 - 27

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - 1 I - - - FRICE CONTINrENCIES ' I T - _ I I - 4

TOTAL - 16 9 - - 5 5 - - 35

SUB-TOTAL (COMM.+STU2IES) - 16 9 - - - 277 292 - 594

LAND COIMPENSATION _ 488

GRANRDTOTAL - 57 32 417 662 698 813 336 - 3015

DOES NOT ADD TO TOTAL DUE TO ROUNDIN, ANNEX4 ADJAMn Table 6

(CFAF MILLION-EASED ON JUNE 1976 PRICES)

INFRASTRUCTURE 1970 1976 1977 1977 1970 1970 1979 1979 1980 1980 NFRiSTRUCTURE- 1-«M 2-SEM 1-8CM 2-a I-S 2-8CM 1-SEM 2-SSII 1-SEM 2-SEM TOTAL

F'RIMARY NETWORh

-SEWERAGE - - - 2 2 - 4

BASE COST - - - 2 - - - - - 4

F'HYSICAL CINTINGENCIES - - - - F'RICE CONTINGENCIES - - - - t - - - - - 1

TnOTAL - - - :' 2 ------4

SECOND,TERT. NETWORN

-EARrHWORK, ROADS - - - 136 136 2-72 SURF. WATER DRAINAGE - - - 79 79 - - - - - 158 -SEWERAGE - - - 37 37 - - - - 74 -ELECTRICITY - - - 3 3 - - - - - 6

RASE COST - - - 2S4 254 - - - - T05

F'HYS. CONTINGENCIES - - - 25 25 - - - - - 50 FRICF CONTINGENCIFS - - 56 75 - - - - 131

TO'AL - - 335 355 - - - 690

TOTAL INFRASTRUCTURE - -- - 337 357 - -- - - 694 STUDIES(INFRA. i

STUDlES 12 12 ------24 CONTROL - - 3 3 - - - - 6

BASE COST - 12 12 3 3 - - - - - 30

F'HYSICAL CONTINGENCIES 1 - -? FRICE CONTINGENCIES - 1 1 - I - _ _ - 3

TOTAL - 14 15 4 4 - - - - 37

OUB-TOTAL (INFRA+STUDIES1 - 14 1S 341 361 - - - - -31

COMMUNITY FACII ITIES

FSRIMARY SCHOOLS

-1B1ULOINGNO - - 23 23 - - - - 46 COUUIPMENT 3 3 6

TOTAL - - - 26 26 - - - 5?

HEAL-TH CENTERS

-BU ILDING- - _ __ -FOUIF'EN) - L - - - TOTAL

F1ARKETS - - - - -

PLAYOROUNDS - - -- I 1 - -2

BASE COST - - - - 27 27 - - 54

F'HYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - - 3 3 - -- 6 F'RICE CONTINGENCIES - - - - 10 - - - - 18

TOTAL COMM1UNITY FAC. - - - - 37 39 - - - - 76

STUDIES (COM.FAC,)

-STLIDIES - 2 - -4 -CONTROL - - - 2-

RASE COST - - - 2 2 1 - -

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES ------F'RICE CONTINGENCIES - - - - -

TOTAL - 2 3 1 - - - - 6

SUIB-TOTAL (COMN.+STUDIES) - - - 2 40 40 - - - - 82

-[ ART' LOS L NSÀTIION - - - - S 8 - - -- 16

GRAND TOTAL - 14 15 343 408 47 _ - _ - 827

DOES NOT ADD TO TOTAL DUE TO ROUNDING &M81X 4 ADIODMN

DETAILED COST ESTINATES

PELIEUVILLE

(CFAF MILLION-BAsED ON JUNE 1976 PRICES)

1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1979 1979 2979 199 IY809 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEN 2-SEn 1-SEM 2-SEn 1-SEN 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM TOTAL

INFRASTRSUCTURE

PRIMAFY

SURF. WATFR DRAINAGE - 40 60 - 100 SEMERADE - - - 12 17 - - - IhFITRUITY _- 2 3 - - _ _

PASE cosI - - 54 H - - - 135

NHysirAL TONTINGENcIES - 5 - - - 13 FRIRE CEONIINGENC1ES - - 12 24 - _

10181 - - - 71 113 - - 194

SUCONEI, rE r. NEriORN

EARTHiWO1U , DO-DS 57 8a - - 141 s,U). wAIfEs DRAINAGE - - - 28 43 - - - - 1 MATER 511FF1 Y - - - 1'x - - - -? srwr RAIœE - - 18 2' - - - - 1= IlIcI hicilY - - - 7 - _ - _ -G la

PAIE LOST - - 120 F300i - -

-Iy,5IECAL ONTINSFNCIESJ - - t2 ID - 30 F IC COI TTNGENCIFS - - 54 - - 80

TOTAL - - 15Y 252 - - - 411

1oT81 I[FAS FRFUCTURE - - - 230 365 - . STI,['IFS INFEA I

Ii[I'I[s - 14 7 ------21 t } M I O L ______35 CTrJJLT[ - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~------~~~~~~~~~~~2.... ------.0S1 TnsI - 14 7 2 3 - _ _ 26

r[Vil fT AI rU0NTIlNI,FNT1ES - I I ------If i 1l)NTINGENSIES - _ I - _ _ 3

,2IAL - 16 9 3 4 -2

SUE, [A1 TINFEA+S>TU~IES) - 16 9 233 370 -62

OMMUINITT FY211 [OIES

F51M050 CIHOOLS

1'I,JIING - - - lé. 1 - - - 32 -EO0IFTMNT - - - ' ------4

,OTAL - - - 18 18 - - - - 36

IHEALTH SENIORS

-BUILDING -EOUIPMENT

TOTAL ------

-MANfGETS

-CONMUNITY CENTER - - - - R 8 - - - - 16

ASE COST - - - - 26 26 - - - - 52

FHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - - 3 3 - - - - A PRICE CONTINGENCIES - - - - 6 - - - - i

TOTAL COMMUNITY FAC. - - 33 34 - -- - - P

STUDIES SCOM,FAc,)

-STUDIES - 2 1 ------3 -CONTROL - - - - I I - - - - 2

BASE COST - 2 1 - 1 I - - - - 3

P YsICAL CONTIN6ENCIES ------PRICE CONTINGENCIES ------

TOTAL - 2 1 - I I - - - -S

SUH-TOTAL COMM,.+STUDIES> - 2 1 - 34 35 - - - - 72

LAMNOCaMPENSATION - - - - 13 13 - _ _ _ 26

GRAND TOTL - 29 10 233 416 48 - - 726

DOES NOT ADD TO TOTAL DUE TO rMINDINO ANNEX 4 PORT SIIIJFT I J Table

C AFJE M LLI JIN -ItOI [I ON [[rIE 1 'ê PRIE F

INIFÀ/ISTRISICU8E 1976 1976 1977 ?197171 1979 1979 _197 19F80 1980 1S9 2SEN 1-SEN 2-E 1-u 2-SE 1 SF9 2SF2I ISF9 -E TOTAL

PRIMARY NETWORK

-SURF. WATER DRAINAGE - - - - - 26 SO - - - 76 -ELECTRICITY - - - - il 22 - - - 33

BASE COST - - - - 37 72 - - 109

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - - - 4 7 - - - il PRICE CONTINGENCIES - - - 14 33 _ _ _ _7

TOTAL ------54 112 - - 166

SECOND, TERT, NFTWDOR

-- EARTHWORKN ROADS - - - - 56 109 - 165 -SURF. WATER DRAINAGF - - - - 39 75 114 -WATER SUPELS - - - - 15 30 - 45 -SEWERAGE -7 3- 72 - - - 109 -ELECTRICITY - - - 14 26 - - - 40

BASE COST - - - 161 313 - - 474

FHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - - 16 31 - -- 47 FRICE CONTINLENIIES - - - - - 62 145 - 205

TOTAL - - - - - 238 4B9 - - '/

TOTAL INFRASTRIICTURE - - - - 29: 6to - -LIF STUDIES( INFRA.)

--S rUDIES - - - 1B ?7 CONTROL 2 _5

BhASE COST 18 9 534

PHYSILAL CONTINGENCIES - 2 I - - - 3 PRICF CONTINOENSIES - - 3 2 1 t

TOTAL -3 - 2Z 1 3 6 - - - 44

SUB -TO)TAL IINFRA.+STUDIES - - _ 2 29_9 603 __ _ _ =?

cI`MMUNITY F4CIL I 1IES

RIMNARY SCHOOLS

-BUILDING - - - 32 32 - 64 --EQUIPMENT - - - - 4 4 - - B _ - - - - -_- - - - -__ -_ -_ _ _ _ ------_ _ -_ -_ _ - -_ _ - - - - -_ --______

TOTAL - - - - - 36 36 - 72

HEALTEl CENTERS

-BUILDING - - - - - 13 13 - - 26 -EIUIFMENT - - I

TOTAL - - - - - 15 12 - - 30

-MARKETS - B S - 16

-PLAYGROUNDS ------4

-COMMUNITY CENTER ------

B45E COST ------BASE CSOT ~~~~~~~~~~------60 60 -- 120

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - - 6 6 - _ 12 PRICE CONTINGENCIES - - - - - 27 33 - - 60

TOTAL COMMUNITY FPAC. - - - - - 93 99 - - 191

STUDIES (COM.FACA)

-STUDIES - - - 7 4 - - - - 1 -CONTROL - - - I 2

BARE COST - _ _ 4 _1 I 13

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - 1 ------1 PRICE CONTINGENCIES - - - t 1 - - - - -

TOTAL - - 9 5 - 1 I - - 16

SUB-TOTAL (COMM.+STUDIES) - - - 9 5 - 94 99 - - 207

GRAND TOTAL - - 32 17 295 701 99 - 1144

DOES NOT ADO TO TOTAL DUE TO ROUNDING IEZE4-ICI BAANNSX 4 Table 9 I0FAF M0li0N--BASE0 lN JUNF 1976 PR ICFg) lNFRASTILIr:TINT 19Zh I 976 t /7 1??7 19- 19SI F I i79- 195 19i90 191.0

1 FM Jsr 1-- i F I Plt1 . -LL t I -,Fm SF M I!;F M :-9m noFIAl PRIMARY NF IWDIRF

-EARTHWORh. R-RD - - - -SEWERAGE -FLEtTRf ITY

BASE COST

FFIHYfICAL CONTINtF-NCIES - - _ _ _ FRTCF CONT0[NIENCtIE S --

TtTAL -

SECOND, TF RT. NF-TWORK

-I-ARTHWORK, ROhlEi - 19 191 114 57 - - - 381 -SURF . WATER FiRAINAGE 10 1 02 61 31 - - - 204 -WArFR SIIFFL Y 4 40 24 12 - -0 -SEWERAGE 12 lti 71 36 - 238 -ELECTRICITY - - 9 F451 27 - 3180 -CONNECITIONS - - 307 _1_ _ _ 100

BASE COSI 59 597 355 178 - - 1184

FHYSICAL CONTINoENcIrs -- - h. 9 36 18 - - 119 PRICE CONTINGENCIL- 137 7 t33 __2 _ _- 404

TOTAL - /1 S:'Z 1,2.; 277 - - 1705

IOThL INFRASTRUCTUJRF - 7S r:7 523 277 /OS STUDIFS INr-RA,)

-SF00500s - ,'6 5-6 ------2 - C0ONI O - S _l _l _ _ _- 2 7

BASE C0ST 56 57 14 11 4 - 139

PHYSICAL CONIINOENOIES 6 6 S 1 -- -- 14 FR1CE CONTINOENCIES - - 6 8 3 _ _ - _ _ 20

TOTAL - - ,7 - 1 18 1i 6 - - - 173

SU0-TOFAL (TNF-RAfSrLJDOIES - 67 149 845 935 283 - - 1879

COMMUNITY FACILITIFS

FRI5M01rY SCHOOLS

BRIFLD[Nr- 31 31 - _ 6? -FQUIFPMENT - - 3 3 - 6

1 OITAL 4 34 -- -- 6F1

HEALTH CE NTEkRS

--ruTL DING I 011051 N1 - - -- -___

IOTAL -

MAhRET! - - - aS - - 16

-FLAYOROUND9 - -- 2 - - 4

-COMMIJNI1Y CFN1ER -- - n 8 - - 16

RA5E t,OST 5 Of - - - 3F0

IH iCILAL CONTINGFENCIES - - _ S 5 - 10 FRItE CONTINGENCIFS - - - - 19 23 - - - 42

TOTAL l:lMMUFNJTY FAC, - - - 74 79 - - -- 153

STU'DIE9,COM.FAC. I

-- CUINTROI -- - - 1 1 - -- 07 F OST - 4 4 - - 8

-HY5ICAL CONTINGENCIFS - - IRICE CONTINOENCTF - t - - - , _ I

I OTAL - , S t 1 - - - 1 ?

0118-llUrAI 107195. *srFOI'F- - -, r, ' 80 - - - 16S

- ,PrC'DOPlI ii As il nri

(GRAND TOTAL - 72 1 54 H4F 61() 363 -- 2044

DOFS NOT ADD TO TOTAL DIJL IO RlJIJNDING 0S/18/76 AMOAX 4 ABIrIJAN IJRbAN PEVELOF'MRNT PROJFCT Table 10

DETAILEFl COST S1 IMATES

KOUMASSI

(CFAF MILLION-EIASEF, ON JIJNE 1976 FR12651

1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 19BO 1-SE 1-S 1-SE 2- -SF 2-SFM t- SL9 2 SEM TOTAL

INFRASTRUCTURE

SECOND, TERT. NETWORK

-EARTHWORK, ROADS - 31 175 57 175 - - 4311 -SURF WATER DRAINAGE aS 48 - 15 48 - - 119 -WATER SUPPLY - 6 32 - 10 32 - - 80 -SEWERAGE - il 62 - 20 62 - - 15 -ELECTRICITY - 7 38 12 38 - - 95

BASE COST 62 355 - 11] 355 - - - - 887

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - 6 3F 12 35 - - - - BB PRICE CONTINGENCIES - 51 - 34 133 - - - 2?-

TOTAL - il 86 - 46 168 - 311

TOTAL INFRASTRUCTURE - 73 441 - 16L 521 - 10'28

STUDIES (INFRA)

-STUDIES 10 10 ------20 -CONTROL - 1 -13 2

BASE COSI 10 10 S - 2 5 - - 32

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES 1 1 t -- - I - - - 4 PRICE CONTINGENCIES - 1 1 - - - - - 4

TOTAL il 12 6 - 2 8 - - - 39

SUB-TOTAL (INFRA.+STUDIES) 11 85 447 - 143 531 - - 1237

COMMUNITY FACILITIES

PRIMARY SCHOOLS

-BUILDING ------9? 92 - - 184 -EOUIPMENT ------13 13 - - 26

TOTAL - - - - - 105 105 - 210

HEALTH CENTERS

-BUILDINO G - - 48 4B - 96 -EOUIPRENT - - - -- 7 _ 14

TOTAL - , 55 110

-MARKETS - - - - - 25 25 - 50

-PLAYGROUNDS - - - - - 6 6 - -1

-COMMUNITY CENTER - -- - - 1 151 - 30

BASE COST - - 206 206 - 412

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES - - - 212- 21 - 42 PRICE CONTINGENCIES - - - 9 ___113 - -

TOTAL COMMUNITY FAC. ------321 33'? -- - 650

STUI0IES(COM.FAC. )

-STUDIES 14 14 - - - B -CONTROL 3 - - - - 6

BASE COST 14 14 - 3 3 34

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES 1 t - -2 PRICE CONTINGENCIES 1 - _ - 2 4

TOTAL 15 16 - - - S 42

SUA--TOTAL (COMM.+STUDIES) 1_ 16 - 326 3402 722

-LAND COM1ENSArION - f 44 - 14 44 - -t10

GRAND TOTAL 26 109 491 17120 575 32< 34' 2050

DOES NOT ADD TO TOTAL DUE TO ROlJNDING ANqNEX4 A18180 NORI Table 11.

(CFAF MILI-ItN--BASFD ON JUNE 1976 F'RICEFS)

INFRASTRUCTURE 1976 9 76 1977 197/ J8798 1978 i y 2 19/9 198J0 1 Q110 ------1 -SkR 2-liEM [-qLR ,-qER t -il-M 2 1111 1 3m 2-,;M 1-1398 I 1 ltJîA[ SECONE', TERT, NETWORN

-EARTHW4ORK, ROArS - 22 1 75 22 - - 2 1 -SURF. WATER ErRAINAO9-Ë 40 6 - 0 --WATER SUPPLY - 4 32 4 -- 40 -SEWERAOE S~-E 62 8 - ~ -- 78 -ELECTRICITY ------

BASE COST - -40 318 40 398

PHYSICAL CONTINr,ENCTES - -4 32 A 40

F'RICE CONTINOE-NCIES - -- 9 94 t), -- 1

TOTAL - -- 13 1.26 19 -158

TOTAL INFRASTRUCTURF 52 444 5" 55-

STUDIES ( INF-RA)

-STUDIES -3 6 1 ------1(1

-CONTROL - 1 51 - .- 7

BASE COST -3 6 2 5 1 t 7

F'HYSICÀL CONTINOENCIES -1 - - - PRICE CONTINGENCIES -. -1 -1 - 2

TOTAL -3 7 27 1 20

SUD-TOTAL (INFRA.t-STUDIIES) 3 7 54 450 59 - -- 73

COMMUNIrY tFACILITIES

PRIMIARY SCHOOt-S

-BUILDINO - 5 37 -- 9'2 -EQUIPMENT - .- 7 S- 12

TOTAL - -621 42 -104

HEALTH CENTERS

-BUILDING 58 39 -- 97 -EQUIPMENT -- ci 5 --- 13

TOTAL - - -- 66 44 -- 1.10

-MARKETS - -- 6 - 15

-PLAYOROUNDS - - 2 1 -3

-COMMUNITY CENr~ER -

BASE COST - 39 93 - 232

PHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES 14 9 -- 23 F'RICE CONTTNGENCIFS - -52 43 - 95

TOTAL COMMUNITY FAC. - -22 145 - 350 STUDIES (COM.FAC.)

--STUDIES - 9 2 -- 16 -CONTROL - -4 3 - -7

BASE COST 5 9 2 4 3 -23

OHIYSICAL CONrVINGENCIES 1 - --

P'RICE CONTINGENC1ES t 1 i - 3

TOTAL - )2 6 4 -- 2

SUB-TOTAL (COMMRR,+TtJr[IFS) 5 il ? 211 149 -- 3713

JANDI Ct18PN (IN -- 6 44 6 --- 56

GRAND TOTAL -9 lIt 62 49 4 26 149 - - 100

00E5 8OT ADOi rO IOlAL hIUE TO R008D1N0 TRUNK SEWERAGE

(CFAF MILLION-BASED ON JUNE 1976 PRICES) ANNEX 4 Table 12

O1Y76 1976 1977 1977 1978 1973 1979 19/9 1980 1980 1-SEM 2--SEM 1-SEM -SLEM 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-iEM luA L PUMPING STATION AND COLLECTOR ------LJIV 11 WOR_ 24 16 40 -É1QIJJf'MENT _ 16 i L7

rOIAL NIL1MAiSiI - 39 2 - -- 65

ArOBO NOR[1

PUMPING STATION AND COLLECTOR -CVlL WLORN - - -K 60 181 60 - -- 301 -FQUIfMEN7 -- - 60 181 60 - - 301 ______- _ _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- _ _ _ - - _ __---_ __- _ _ _ TorAL hBOD[I - -- 1?0 361 120 - - - 601

rOIAL AZ38DO-(UM, -- 160 387 120 - 667

[H1-1fI C AL SONT rNtiFNC 1l - 16 39 12 67 F COiNTINOENFlS - - - ?8 95 37 160

Serl- OL -i - 204 521 169 894

3TUOj F S

-srULlEis 8 11S 3 - - - ?6 - CONOL- 7 17 5 _ 29

AS/E C5ST - 8 15 10 17 5 -5

FPYS[rAL CONTTNtlENCTES t 2 1 2 t - 7 F:R1E CONITNOENCIES - - 1 1 3 1 - - - 6

su 10o113AL 9 la _ 2 22 7 68

TOTAL 801SF COST B 15 169 404 126 - - - - 72?

FINYSI CAL CONTIN(if NCTF-!i1 2 17 40 13 - - - - 73 P RICE CONTINOENCIES - 1 30 98 38 - - - 167

OhAND IlIAL - 9 1SF 2l6 543 176 - _ 962

DUES NOr AIDD TO TOIAL DUE 10 ROUNDIINO ANNEX 4 Table 13

Inflation Rate Factors

June 1976 -end 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

TRANSPORT

- East-West Highway 1/ 1.04 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09

- Traffic improvement

. Equipment 2/ 1.05 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.07

. Civil works 2/ 1.07 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.10

- Traffic Bureau 1.05 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.07

SHELTER

- Equipment 2/ 1.05 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.07

- Civil works 2/ 1.07 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.10

- Studies and Control 1.05 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.07

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 0.05 0.08 1.08 1.08 1.07

1/ Based on actual price formula as shown in the awarded contracts

2/ Bank Guidelines d | ;!} ], F Q § E fi li h i Fietr -o i r

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J,~~~~~~~~~~~~~ïl ANNEX 5 Page 1 IVORY COAST URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

SMALL LOANS COMPONENT

1. As part of the shelter component of the project, credit will be made available for the purchase of construction materials in areas to be upgraded and on serviced sites, as well as for the purchase of lots. Loans will be made by Credit de la Cote d'Ivoire (CCI) and the Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Credit (BNEC); for CCI, this is merely an extension of its ongoing operations while, for BNEC, this will be a part of its start-up activity. Financing will be provided by: (a) US$1.0 million from the proposed Bank loan: (b) CFAF 195 million (US$0.86 million) from rediscount facilities at the Central Bank; and (c) payments from lot purchasers which would actually represent reflows on Bank/USAID financing of the secondary infrastructure, amounting to some CFAF 192 million (US$0.85 million). Consequently, approximately two-thirds will be financed by the Bank and USAID, with one-third by the Central Bank.

2. Beneficiaries. Sub-borrowers will be owners of lots in areas to be upgraded, purchasers of lots in site and services areas, and lessees of serviced lots. Income limits are set in line with the lot allocation criteria established for the project which should fix a minimum household income at least equal to the legal minimum wage while the maximum would be two and one-half times that amount; at present, these limits would limit eligibility to those households earning between CFAF 19,000 and 47,500 per month (US$84 - 211). The average household income of credit applicants is expected to be between CFAF 30,000 and 40,000 monthly. In the areas to be upgraded, it is anticipated that about one-third of the owners will exceed the maximum and, hence, be ineligible; in all areas, it is expected that some 20% of the eligible population will not seek credit but will finance their housing through traditional and family sources.

3. Sub-loan amounts. In areas to be upgraded, owners would borrow to purchase construction materials to build additional housing and to improve existing construction. As the average present value of built up property is estimated at CFAF 2 million (US$8,888), the owners' existing equity stake is substantial and 90% financing would be provided for new investments. It is expected that lot owners will invest, on average, about 10% of the existing value of the property; hence, the average investment is expected to be CFAF 200,000 (US$889) and the average sub-loan CFAF 180,000 (US$800).

4. Approximately 30% of the serviced sites are expected to be purchased. Purchasers could finance both the lot acquisition and construction materials from the credit facility in one combined loan; financing would be available for up to 85% of the total, requiring a 15% down payment, plus the value of construction labor, so-called "sweat equity." As the average lot cost is estimated at CFAF 415,000 (US$1,844) and the materials needed to construct a basic two-room dwelling are estimated at CFAF 385,000 (US$1,711), total average investment per lot would be CFAF 800,000 (US$3,555) and the average sub-loan CFAF 680,000 (US$3,022). ANNEX 5 Page 2

5. The remaining 70% of the serviced lots will be leased for 20 years from SICOGI; lessees will borrow for the purchase of construction materials and 85% financing will be provided. Average investment per lot of CFAF 165,000 (US$733) is expected to build an initial one-room dwelling; hence, the average sub-loan is estimated at CFAF 140,000 (US$622).

6. Sub-loan terms. Individual sub-loan terms will be fixed by the onlending bank in accordance with the income of the individual sub-borrower. The objective will be to set loan payments at 15-25% of monthly income, with a maximum under Ivorian law of 33% of monthly income for loan payments for all debts. As detailed in the attached Table 1, it is expected that owners in areas to be upgraded and lessees of serviced sites will be able to repay their loans in 3 to 10 years. Hence, maximum terms of 10 years will be set. Lot purchasers are expected to be able to repay within 12 to 20 years and the latter will be set as a maximum term. To ensure access of credit to low income beneficiaries, minimum terms of 2 and 7 years, respectively, will also be fixed.

7. Onlending interest rate. The interest rate will be set at 4 percentage points over the costs of funds, expected to result in a rate of 13% p.a. on all sub-loans. This is the maximum allowable under Central Bank regulations and is substantially below estimated alternative informal credit costs. With two-thirds of the financing from the Bank and USAID at approximately 8% p.a. and one-third provided by the Central Bank at 5.5%, the weighted average cost of funds to the onlending banks is about 8%. It is expected that, given the large number of sub-loans and the geographical dispersion of borrowers, the costs of administration will amount to about 2% of this spread. The remaining 2% will approximately cover the default risk of this rather high-risk lending to a relatively poor clientele which is unused to borrowing.

8. Procedures. Once they have converted to a permanent title (in the case of owners in areas to be upgraded), or once they had been allotted a site (in the case of purchases or lessees in site and services areas), applicants will seek credit from either bank, at their own option. The onlending bank will evaluate the applicant's income and his credit status, review his plans, and set appropriate loan terms. Given credit approval, the applicant will begin to make monthly payments approximately equal to his projected debt service payments into a savings account to provide his down payment. The loan will become effective upon accumulation of the required down payment. As detailed in Table 1, construction materials borrowers will need about 3 months and lot purchasers about 12 months to build up the required down payment during which time infrastructure work on the sites will be in progress. With the additional loan evaluation, construction supervision and collection work, it is expected that each of the two onlending banks will need to add 3-4 staff members.

9. Total credit demand. Based on the assumptions given above as to sub-loan size and the number of lots to be completed under the project, some 2,350 individual sub-loans are expected for a total amount of CFAF 612 million (US$2.72 million) (details in Table 2). AVERAGEDEBT SERVICE BURDEN

Upgradinig areas Sites and Services Sites and Services Owners Purchnsers Lessees Construction materials Lot purchase + const. mats. Construction materials

Average subloan 180,000 680,000 1ho, 000

Txerln(years) 3 5 iô 12 15 20 3 5 7 10 Monthly payinent a 13% P.*.3/ 606N 4100 2700 9350 8600 8000 4700 3200 2550 2090 Tax or lease payînent- 3300- 3300 3300 - - 4150 4150 41î .4150 Totpl monthly housing pnyment 9365 7h00 6000 9350 8600 8000 8850 7350 6700 62h0

Average household monthly income 40,000 35,000 30 000 Housing pyament as % of household income 23 18 15 27 25 23 30 25 22 21

Down payinent 20,000 120,000 25,000 Months needed to accimul1ate down pay-ment depositinghousing payment in savings account 2 3 3 12 13 îl6 3 3 4 4

All figures in CFAF except where noted.

1/ B,ettermenttax estimated to recover 50% of cost over 20 years; lease estimated at 12% infinite lease

DFCD May 14, 1976 LOAN DEMANDFORECAST

Upgrading areas Sites and Services Sites and services Owners Purchasers Lessees Construction materials Lot purchase + const. mats. Construction materials

Average investnlent' Construction materials (CFAF) 200,000 385,000 1655000 Lot (CFAF) - L15,000 _

Total (CFAF) 200,000 800,000 165,000

Financing 90% 85% 85

Average loan (CFAF) 180,000 680,000 140,000

Numiber of Lots.1/ 1800 570 1330

t eligible and seeking credit 45% 80% 80%

NumWlr Df lonns 82` 460 1065

M)TAL credit (CFAF million) Construction materials " 10 150 150 Lot purchase " - 1.162

Total 150 312 150

DFCD May 14, 1976 ANNEX 6 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

1. The technical assistance component required to ensure a satisfactory implementation and monitoring of the project comprises:

Traffic Bureau 65 man-months

Ministry of Construction & Urban Development 125 man-months

BNEC 120 man-months

Ten-year Development Study 120 man-months

Costs have been estimated at US$9,500 per month, including: consultants fees and overhead ($6,500) local allowances ($1,050), travel ($370) and taxes ($1,580).

A. Traffic Management

Traffic Bureau

2. The Traffic Bureau is to be set up within the Ministry of Public Works and Transport with the objective to study and execute programs designed to improve the operation of existing transport infrastructure and plan more efficiently for improvements to that infrastructure. The Bureau will address itself to the complete range of transport users - car drivers and passengers, bus riders, taxi-riders, cyclists and pedestrians - as well as to the full range of urban transport modes including rail and ferries The Terms of Reference specifically call for the Bureau to be responsible for:

(a) reconnaissance and diagnosis of the operating problems of transport infrastructure in the whole urban area;

(b) development of traffic regulation concepts and techniques within a policy framework of favoring public transport and dissuading the inefficient and obstructive tise of private cars;

(d) management and supervision of the systems developed. ANNEX 6 Page 2

3. Two experts - public transport and traffie engineering-wil.lhe hired initially to define tlue Bureau's work prograriin detail. On thiebasis of their recommendations the Bureau wi]l become fully operational six montlbs after the project begins. To carry out the above tasks the Traffic Bureau will require the following experts.

Public Transport Adviser

4. lieshall have professional experience in public transport operations specifically dealing with scheduling, routing, fares, finance, and management. Part of his professional career shall have been spent in developing countries. He shall be fluent in French. Jlisassignment shall he for two years. lie shall advise MPWT on:

(a) the investigation, review and analysis of the operation of public transport services, inclnidingscheduling, routing and fare structures;

(b) the compiling of records, reports, and information on public transport operations, including the adoption of standardized iccounrting and reporting procedures hy SOTRA;

(c) the provision of advisory services to public transport operators on management, fleet maintenance, training, accouinting,and stnlciatlier matters for which advice may be rqtiqested; and

(d) thee conduct of short courses on puiblic transport operations for rMinistry staff and public transport operators.

He shall also assist lIPWT on:

(a) the economic analyses of public tranlsport operations;

(b) the development of plans, policies, criteria and programs to provide a satisfactory level of public transport services;

(c) tlue administration of transport planning, anid the coordination oi transport planning and other planning in the urban sector, and the administration of the Bureau;

(d) the regulation of transport operations, the development of Licensing procedures and criteria, and the enforcement of policies and regulations; and

(e) tlhemonitoring of the progress of project implementation, and preparation of progress reports for Government and the Bank. ANNEX 6 Page 3

Senior Adviser on Traffie Management

5. He shall have an engineering degree with additional qualifications ln transportation/traffic engineering and with a minimum of five years experience in highway planning and traffic management and have had experience in the application of computers to urban road network analysis. He shall be fluent in French. He shall advise and assist the Traffic Management Bureau for two years on all aspects of transportation/traffic engineering including:

(a) the analysis and evaluation of transport networks with the help of computers;

(b) the execution of urban transport studies;

(d) area road pricing, and other measures to encourage economy in the use of road space;

(e) policies and control measures relating to the operation and enforcement of on- and off-street car parking;

(f) the monitoring of traffic volumes, composition and speeds, the occupancy of vehicles, and other key indicators of effective traffie management; and

(g) the promotion of traffic safety measures and the measurement of the incidence of accidents to road users.

Two Advisers on Traffic Engineering Implementation

6. They shall be professionally qualified as traffic and/or civil engineers with at least five years practical experience of the implementation of traffic engineering measures in cities. They shall be fluent in French. The assignment shall be for two years.

7. They shall advise and assist the Traffic Management Bureau in the design and implementation of junction improvements, priority schemes for high occupancy vehicles, and other traffie engineering measures. They will be called upon to train Bureau staff by practical example and by implementing measures themselves. ANNEX 6 Page 4

B. Ministry of Construction and Urban Development (MCU)

Civil Engineer for Building to the Directorate of Construction of MCU

8. He shall have a degree in civil engineering for buildings. Part of his professional career shall have been spent in developing countries. He shall be fluent in French. The assignment shall be for two years. He shall coordinate his work with the Architect attached to the DUA in charge of the design of the community facilities. He shall assist and advise the Director of the Directorate of Construction of MCU on the construction of the community facilities included in the project, in particular:

(a) the preparation of the project implementation schedule and the coordination of the implementation aspects of the construction, furnishing and equipping of the project installations;

(b) with the Architect at DUA the preparation of briefing documents (the architect's brief) - and of briefed documents for any other specialists required (e.g. health facility specialist) - ensuring that norms, standards, and specifications reflect economy and functional design;

(c) with the Architect at DUA the review of architectural drawings to ensure that space provisions and specifications are inter- preted correctly so as to minimize changes during construction and after acceptance and approval of bids;

(d) preparation of furniture lists and bid documents and review of specifications;

(e) preparation of model bid documents for the calling of construction and furniture bids;

(f) grouping goods to be procured, so as to permit bulk procurement consistent with sound technical and procurement practices;

(g) drafting bid notices, other standard documents for inviting bids and Model Bid Documents and determining the method to be used for obtaining bids in accordance with the "Guidelines for Procurement under World Bank Loans and IDA Credits";

(h) establishing procedures and criteria for the evaluation of bids and evaluating bids received for goods required for the Project.;

(i) inspecting and receiving goods, to ensure that correct quantities are received, to the correct specifications; ANNEX 6 Page 5

(j) arranging for the safe custody and the proper delivery of goods to the Project institutions and installation, in accordance with the target dates in the implementation schedule;

(k) monitoring and evaluating progress including site visits;

(1) inspection of completed buildings with the architects preparatory to their delivery to the authorities and supervise the preparation of final certificates for payment due on completion;

(m) training of counterpart;

(n) helping in preparation of second project; and

(o) preparation of periodic progress reports for the Government and the Bank.

One Architect, and One Planner to the Directorate of Architecture and Urban Planning (MCU)

9. They shall have a degree in architecture, and urban planning respectively and experience with cities in developing countries. They shall be fluent in French. The assignnents shall be for two years. They shall assist the Director of the Directorate of Architecture and Urban Planning. They will inter alia:

- be responsible for the monitoring of the shelter component of the project;

- help prepare legislation on that subject;

- identify and prepare future upgrading and site and services projects;

- train counterparts and give lectures to technicians of MCU;

- assist DUA staff in day-to-day operations;

- participate in the preparation of periodic progress reports for the Government and the Bank/IDA.

The Architect will, inter alia:

(a) prepare the project implementation schedule and ensure that implementation aspects of the construction, furnishing, and equipping of the Project institutions are properly coordinated;

(b) prepare briefing documents on the basis of the accomodation schedule or the specifications mentioned in the appraisal report (the architect's brief) for project buildings and briefed documents for the health facility specialist, ensuring that norms, standards, and specifications reflect economy and functional design; ANNEX 6 Page 6

(d) prepare architectural drawings ensuring that space provisions and specifications are such as to minimize changes during construction and after acceptance and approval of bids;

(e) prepare standard plans for community facility buildings, primary schools, health centers, markets, community centers and provide the Ten-Year Development Study team with information regarding the community facilities;

(f) with the engineer at the Directorate of Construction ensure that contractors are meeting performance standards, as reflected in the specifications;

(g) assist the engineer at the Directorate of Construction to take all steps required to ensure that proper furniture lists and bid documents are prepared and that furniture selected or designed for the Project institutions is appropriate and constructed to specifications;

(h) assist the engineer at the Directorate of Construction for the preparation of Model Bid Documents for the calling of construction and furniture bids; and

(i) inspect completed buildings with the engineer at the Directorate of Construction preparatory to their delivery to the authorities and supervise the preparation of final certificates for payment due on completion.

Two Technical Advisers to the Service Autonome du Domaine Urbain (SADU)

- An engineer-manager in charge of the processing of the applications for lots and properties;

- An engineer-programmer in charge of the management of the computerization of the urban data bank.

They shall be fluent in French. The assignment shall be for two years. Their duties shall be, inter alia:

- to prepare new files from the data provided by the applicants;

- to update the files;

- to set up the computerization of the files;

- to process the applications according to the selection criteria;

- to train their counterparts. ANNEX 6 Page 7

One Municipal Engineer to SETU

10. He shall have a degree in civil engineering and experience in financial analysis and land development works. Part of his professional career shall have been spent in cities of developing countries. He shall be fluent in French. The assignment shall be for two years. He shall assist the Director of the General Urban Infrastructure Development. His main functions will consist of:

- selection of consultants and specialists, the approval of their terms of reference and administration of their contracts;

- arrangements for briefing consultants and specialists;

- reviewing and approving of all reports, plans, specifications and other material related to the Project;

- necessary arrangement for the calls for bids, evaluation of bids, and awarding of contracts relating to the Project;

- grouping goods to be procured, so as to permit bulk procurement consistent with sound technical and procurement practices;

- drafting bid notices, other standard documents for inviting bids and Model Bid Documents and determining the method to be used for obtaining bids in accordance with the "Guidelines for Procurement under World Bank Loans and IDA Credits";

- establishing procedures and criteria for the evaluation of bids and evaluating bids received for goods required for the Project;

- inspecting and receiving goods to ensure that correct quantities are received to the correct specifications;

- arranging for the safe custody and the proper delivery of goods to the Project institutions and installation, in accordance with the target dates in the implementation schedules;

- coordination and integration of all project activities with the relevant ministries, authorities, and agencies, and with the Bank;

- maintenance of project accounts and timely preparation of interim evaluations and financial statements;

- planning, programming and arranging for the preparation of a project implementation schedule and monitoring to ensure that works are on schedule and meeting established performance standards; ANNEX 6 Page 8

necessary arrangements for the acquisition of any sites required;

effective supervision of construction works;

coordinating and helping the planner at MCU in charge of the monitoring of the project;

helping prepare second project;

train counterparts; and

preparation of periodic progress reports for the Government and the Bank.

C. Banque Nationale pour l'Epargne et le Credit i1. All technical assistance personnel should have a minimum of five years experience in project analysis and management in a development, investment or commercial bank mainly oriented toward housing credit. They shall be fluent in French. The assignment shall be for up to three years. They shall advise and assist in the following respective areas:

(a) Adviser to the Finance Director:

(i) financial strategy and policy for the Fonds d'Habitat as well as BNEC's banking operations;

(ii) resource planning;

(iii) internal management, management information and control systems;

(iv) fostering sound relationships with local and foreign financial institutions;

(v) supporting Credit and Technical Departments project evaluations, especially of projects receiving financing from the Fonds d'Habitat; and

(vi) training of the Finance Department staff.

(b) Technical Director:

(i) creation and staffing of a Technical Department, including training of a successor;

(ii) project promotion and liaison with entrepreneurs and housing financial institutions; ANNEX 6 Page 9

(iii) detailed technical study of financing requests presented to the Fonds d'Habitat as well as by individuals to BNEC;

(iv) supervision of the exectuion of works financed by the Fonds d'Habitat and by BNEC and coordination with the Finance and/or Credit Departments for disbursements during execution;

(v) establishment of appropriate documentation of construction methods and material.

(i) design and implementation of procedures for appraisal, Board presentation, commitment, procurement, disbursement and supervision of loans; and

(ii) training of the Credit Department staff.

(d) Adviser to the Savings Director:

(i) defining savings promotion strategy and policy;

(ii) internal administration and control of savings accounts;

(iii) fostering sound relationships with other local savings and credit institutions;

(iv) training of Savings Department staff.

C. Ten-Year Development Study

Synthesis of Terms of Reference

12. The objective of this study is to establish a coherent program of public investments (transport, housing, sanitation, etc.) for the Ten- Year period (1976-1985). This is to provide a medium-term planning phase to link the long-run Master Plan and the short-run Five Year Plans.

13. The study will be made up of three phases. The first will set out a comparison of the foreseeable evolution of both requirements for public expenditures and available resources. Tasks in this phase will synthesize existing socio-demographic data; map potential development and redevelopment areas; detail the costs of developing differing types of land, synthesize existing and planned programs and projects; revise growth forecasts for Abidjan; document development policy statements; analyze present levels of urban services; and analyze potential resource availability. This data will ANNEX 6 Page 10 form the basis for the production of an investment balance sheet for the ten-year period. The second phase will set out a range of potential development programs, taking into account existing commitments, financial constraints, and development objectives. These programs will be evaluated in cooperation with the Ivorian authorities to select a sub-set of probable programs. Phase 3 will describe these programs in detail, including the timing of investments, and the detailed options will be evaluated. Based on this evaluation a detailed ten-year investment program will be produced. ANNEX 6 Page il

TE'CHNICÀL. ASSISTANCE

(CFAF Ml I -1_lON FJASFrI ON JU.NE 1 976 PR ICE~S)

1976 1976 1977 1.977 :1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 i--SEM 2--SEM 1-SEM 2 -S EM 1--SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM 1-SEM 2-SEM TOTAL

-TRAFFIC BUREAUJ 12 31. 43 43 31 12- - 172 --TECH.ASST.BNEC 37 38 37 38 37 38 -. 225 -TECH.ASST.MCU -50 70 60 60 60 24 -324 YEAR DEV.STUDY 25 120 120 18. 283

BASE COST 37 238 271. Ise 129 .109 62 - 1004

FPHYSICAL CONTINGENCIES 4 24 27 16 13 il 6 - 101 F'RICE CONTINGENCIES 2 2.4 39 31 31 3 2 22- 181

SUB-TOTAL 6 47 66 47 44 43 28 -- 281

TOTAL -- 43 285 337 205 173 152 90 1285

IIOES NOT ADD TO TOTAL DUE TO ROUNDINO ANNEX 7 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

COST RECOVERY AND CASH FLOW

A. Cost Recovery

Subproject Cost Recovery Sources (in billion CFAF)

- TRANSPORT East-West Highway and improvement of the Plateau 11.200 -General tax revenue and road user charges

- SHELTER Abidjan -Slum Upgrading- (including studies) -Streets .110 -Road user charges -Sewerage .150 -Sewerage tax included in water price -Water drainage .540 -Drainage tax -Electricity .060 -Electricity tariff surcharge -Secondary and tertiary -Owners, through property infrastructure 3.960 taxes and enforcement of betterment taxes.

-Sites and services (including studies) LEM 1.100 -Leaseholds New Plots .490 -Monthly payments by households

-Relocation .310 -General tax revenue -Community facilities 2.130 -General tax revenue (including studies) -Credit line .500 -Monthly payments by beneficiaries

San Pedro-Le Bardo 1.730 -Leaseholds

- TRUNK SEWER .980 -Investment tax and sewerage tax

- LOW-COST HOUSING 2.700 -Rental payments

- TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 1.660 -General tax revenue

TOTAL 27.620 ANNEX 7 Page 2

Transport

1. Since no toll will be levied on the users of the East-West I1ghway, the recovery of construction and maintenance costs will stem from general tax revenues. Taxes levied on road users, and the receipts derived, (based on the 1972 data used in the "Road User Tax Study" dated August 1974) are summarized below:

Road User Revenues: 1972 (CFAF million)

Specific to Additional Variable Taxes Road Usage Reven1ps Total

Fuel 9,507 692 10,199 Lubricants 106 69 175 Tires 539 546 1,085 Spare parts and

maintenance services 210 1,1w ______

10,362 2,466 12,828

Fixed Taxes

Depreciation 832 2,986 3,818 Insurance 265 - 265 Registration 459 - 45( Fiscal stamps - 110 110 Licenses and Tax on profit - 731 731 1,556 3,827 5,383

TOTAL 11,918 6,293 18,211

Additional revenues include revenue on items not specifically related to road usage, import duties and value added taxes on vehicles, tires, and spare parts which are consumed over a period exceeding one year. In 1972, the receipts from all these taxes exceeded expenditures on roads. According to the most recent findings of the Basic Economic Mission, tax receipts and current road maintenance and investment programs are now in balance.

B. Shelter

Slum Upgrading in Abidjan - Primary Infrastructure

2. The construction cost of the main streets will be recovered through road user taxes. ANNEX 7 Page 3

Sewerage and Drainage

3. The construction cost of the primary sewerage and drainage network will be recovered through the sewerage tax included in the water tariff and the drainage tax included in the property tax, both taxes earmarked for the FNA.

(a) Since July 1974, a uniform national water tariff system has been adopted and a differential tariff has been set up. To extend the benefits of piped water to the low-income population, a social tariff block of about two-thirds of the national3tariff has been introduced. The social tariff applies to the first 60 m consumed per year and allows a family of five to six persons using about 25 liter per day per person each to benefit from the lower water cost before coming under the higher normal tariff. In addition, low-cost social water connections (about CFAF 9,000 compared with the regular price connection which is about CFAF 42,000) have been introduced. The difference between a social connection and the normal connection charge is borne by all water consumers. The following table gives the tariff structure. ANNEX 7 Page 4

SODECI WATER SUPPLY TARIFFS (as of January 1, 1976) (in CFAF per m3 )

/1 /2 /3 /4 Public /5 CONSUMER CATEGORY SODECI FNH FNA Surtax Hygiene Total

Piped Water Supply

Social Block 56.8 18.2 - 4 1 80.0 (0-60 m3/year)

Full Tariff 56.8 37.3 14.9 9 1 119.0 3 (61-18,000 m3/ ar)

lst Industrial Block 56.8 20.1 14.9 9 1 101.8 (18,001-500,000 m /year)

2nd Industrial Block 50.0 9.0 - - 1 60.0 (over 500,000- 1,200,000 m /year)

3rd Industrial Block 39.0 5.0 - - 1 45.0 (over 1,200,000 m /year)

Public Appliances 56.8 5.2 - - 1 63.0

Industrial Users (Deep Groundwater)

lst Block 1.0 28.4 6 6.9 1 43.3 (0-1.2 M m /year)

2nd Block 1.0 13.1 6 6.9 1 28.0 3 (over 1.2 M m /year)

(Shallow Groundwater) 1.0 6.8 5.5 6.4 1 20.7

/1 SODECI remuneration to cover its operating and maintenance costs of the Abidjan water supply system. /2 Fonds National de l'Hydraulique Humaine. /3 Fonds National de l'Assainissement. /4 Municipal surtax (Abidjan) /5 National Campaign for Education in Public Hygiene. ANNEX 7 Page 5

The yearly resources expected to accrue directly to the FNA will be about CFAF 13.0 million. The social connection tax will provide an additional CFAF 1.6 million. The remaining costs not recovered will be indirectly recovered through general taxation. The yearly amount of these two taxes will be about CFAF 12.1 million.

Drainage tax

(b) A drainage tax equal to 5% of the rental value of a building is levied on each owner and earmarked for the FNA. Assuming an average monthly rental value of CFAF 15,000 per lot, the receipts of this tax will be CFAF 32 million per year.

Electricity

4. The cost of the street lighting will be borne by the Municipality and recovered indirectly through the tariff surcharge.

Secondary and Tertiary Infrastructures

5. The cost of other infrastructure will be recovered through general property taxes and a betterment tax. As these taxes can only be levied on legal owners, applicants for lots must first legalize their tenure. Four types of tenure exist within the area affected by the project: the "allocation letter" ("lettre d'attribution"), the "dwelling permit ("permis d'habiter), the "temporary title" ("concession provisioire") and the "permanent title" ("concession definitive"). Only the last one makes the dweller the legal owner of the land on which he is settled, and less than 10% of the project beneficiaries fall into this category.

Property taxes

6. Once a legal owner, the dweller will have to pay the current property taxes. The rates and structure of the main taxes are as follows:

(i) A land tax on built-up property ("contribution fonciere des proprietes baties") equal to 5% of the actual rental value;

(ii) A land tax on undeveloped property ("contribution fonciere des proprietes non baties") equal to 2.5% of the actual rental value; ANNEX 7 Page 6

(iii) A land tax on insufficiently-developed land ("surtaxe fonciere sur les proprietes insuffisamment baties"). This land surtax is levied on the difference between the market value and three fimes the gross rental value when the difference is positive. The rate of tax is 4% for the first two years, 5S for the third year and 6% for the fourth and subsequent years;

(iv) A surcharge on the preceding taxes in favor of the municipalities equal to 20% of land taxes;

(v) A municipal tax on built-up and undeveloped property ("taxes sur le revenu net des proprietes baties et non baties") equal to 2.5% of the actual rental value;

(vi) A special contribution to the National Investment Fund equal to 5% of the actual rental value.

Thus, in the project area, with an average monthly rental value of CFAF 15,000 per lot the monthly tax yield per lot will be:

- Land taxes (5%) (15,000) = CFAF 750 - Surtax (20%) (750) = CFAF 150 - Municipal tax (2.5%) (15,000) = CFAF 375 - Special contribution (5%) (15,000) = CFAF 750

TOTAL CFAF 2,025

The annual receipts to the Government will be CFAF 87.5 million.

Betterment tax

7. To recover the remaining part of the shelter component cost, a betterment tax will be introduced by enforcing a Decree of November 25, 1930, which allows the Government to recover 50% of property value increase resulting from public investments in areas declared "d'utilite publique". The value to be recovered in the slum upgrading areas wil be assessed on a lot by lot basis and the total value to be recovered will not exceed the overall cost of the secondary and tertiary infrastructure; this is to reduce the financial burden on the owners.

8. Under these conditions, the total tax to be recovered will amount to CFAF 1,330 million. As this tax will be levied over a 20-year period, (the cost will be capitalized at a yearly discount rate of 9%). Thus the vearly receipts will be about CFAF 155 million which represents an average charge per lot of about CFAF 3,300 per month.

9. The property taxes and the betterment tax will represent a financial charge on the owner of about CFAF 5,300 per month. It is expected that he will meet this extra cost by expanding his house in order to have more rooms to rent. ANNEX 7 Page 7

10. The above financial charges (property taxes and betterment tax) should be accompanied by the Government's waiving of the registration fee, and substantially lengthening the payment period, to avoid an excessive financial burden on owners who might then be obliged to force out low-income renters.

Slum Upgrading in San Pedro

11. The project cost will be recovered through lot lease payments collected by ARSO. No information is available on the level of present rents. It was assumed that the rent charged to the dweller would at least cover the financial charges (9%), the management fees (3%) and the repayment of the initial investment net of taxes (CFAF 1,680 million) over a twenty-year period. Therefore the annual receipt from rents would be CFAF 225 million. The lot rent would be CFAF 11,300 per month.

Site and Services

12. Seventy percent of lots will be the property of SICOGI which will lease them for a 20-year period to beneficiaries chosen by the allocation committee composed of representatives of ministries. The price of a lot averages CFAF 415,000. Assuming that the rent covers the management and financial cost (management cost: 3%; interest: 9.5%) and the amortization of the investment cost (excluding the land cost), the average monthly payment will be about CFAF 4,150.

13. Thirty percent of lots will be sold to beneficiaries chosen by the allocation committee. According to the previous experiences of SETU, the following pattern of payment can be expected: 10 to 15% of the beneficiaries will pay cash; 25 to 30% will require credit over a 10-year period; 55 to 65% will ask for a maximum credit period.

14. For those who cannot pay cash, mortgage loans will be provided by BNEC. The average cost of one unit will be about CFAF 415,000. Assuming an interest rate of 13%, the monthly payment will be: for a ten-year period, CFAF 6,194; for a twenty-year period, CFAF 4,700.

Land Compensation

15. MCU will handle this question. The relocation issue concerns mainly Koumassi. Ninety-five percent of the land to be serviced belongs to the Ministry of Agriculture ("Services de l'Elevage") and will be transferred to the MCU. The two fishing villages on the project area will remain.

Community Facilities

16. Construction costs for the community facilities will be recovered through general tax revenue. However, expenditures incurred for markets ANNEX 7 Page 8 will be recovered through a special ax levied by the municipality on the sellers, averaging CFAF 8,000 per m of occupied area per annum yielding about CFAF 100 million per year.

C. Trunk Sewer

17. The cost of the trunk sewers will be recovered through the sewerage and drainage taxes. Assuming water consumption of 25 liters per head and 38,250 inhabitants (10 per lot), the FNA receipts will be CFAF.75 million per year. Other taxes will bring CFAF .8 million per year.

D. Low Cost Housing

18. SICOGI has presented a financial plan to USAID under which costs are recovered through rents over a 25-year period. The rent charged by SICOGI will range between about CFAF 5,500 and CFAF 13,500.

E. Technical Assistance

19. The cost of technical assistance will be recovered through general tax revenues.

F. Cash Flow

20. The attached tentative project cash flow details the overall cost recovery under the project. The incremental flows generated by the project represent revenues to several entities, including Government, FNA, FNH, SICOGI, BNEC and CCI. Any real surpluses will be available for further primary infrastructure investments. 1976 1977 1978 1979 198o 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985-96

SOURCES

Government contribution: BNEC Managed funds (exOSHE-' 68 956 1962 456 - BSIE 9 114 333 174 - - FNA h 92 287 ------

Incremental tax revenues: Property taxes - 1,9 79 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 Betterment tax - 23 109 155 155 155 155 155 155 155

Property income: Housing rentals - 1-62 324 32 320 3 320 320 320 320 Sales 6 34 ------122 Lease nayments - Abidjan - 41 122 122 122 122 129 122 122 Leasepayments - San Pedro - 67 202 202 202 202 202 202 202 202

Utilities charges Drainage tax - 13 50 65 65 65 65 65 65 65 FNA Severage tax - 3 12 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 FNH - Water tax - 9 35 44 44 4 44 44 44 44 79 Electricity charges - 16 62 79 79 79 79 79 79

Loan disbursements IBRD ,35 2020 7O0 83 USAID - 860 2090 550 - - - BCEAO - 19 65 o9 22 - - - _

Small loans collections - il 48 98 111 111 100 63 13 -

1109 TOTAL SOURCES 81 4140 8013 3216 1325 1220 1209 1172 1122

Primary infrastructure - 159 453 218 ------

Secondary & Tertiary infrastructure 172 1623 4527 1193 -

Low cost housing - 1,800 goo ------

Sewerage 9 234 725 ------

Small loans - 35 150 215 50 - - - - - 8 50 149 88 ------Relocation 143 Property mianagement charges - 24 119 143 1h3 143 1h3 143 143 Debt service IeBRD - 33 157 281 316 430 430 430 430 430 USAID - 84 26t 380 405 486 486 h86 486 486 BCEAO - 4 19 39 44 44 40 25 5

TOTALUSES 189 4,046 7,460 2,557 960 1213 1209 1194 1174 1169

Surplus (Deficit) (108) 94 553 659 365 117 110 88 58 50

O Ezcludingcommity facilitiesa andtrumk seves COST ALLOCATION (CFIAP million: uS$1 = CFAF 225)

TOTAL COST Coats Not Recoverable From Plot Owners Costs Recoverable From Plot Owners Relocation Relocation SITES Primary Infrastructure Community Facilities Land for Sec, & Tert. Infrast. Land Total Recoverable 1976t. 1979 1976 1979 1976 1979 Comm Fac. 1976 1979 1976 1979

UPGRADING Abobo Gare 2.120 3.015 329 476 375 594 88 1.306 1.856 - 1.306 1.856

Adjame 617 827 4 4 60 82 16 538 731 - 538 731

Pelieuville 544 726 143 194 57 72 26 318 433 - 318 433

Port Bouet Il 750 1.144 116 175 133 207 - 501 762 - 501 762

Le Bardo 1.435 2.044 - - 112 165 - 1.323 1.879 - 1.323 1.879

Sub-total 5.466 7.756 592 849 737 1.120 130 3.986 5.661 - 3.986 5.661

.ITES AND SERVICES Koumassi 1.475 2.050 - - 446 702 - 919 1.237 110 1.029 1.347

Abobo-Nord 726 1.008 - - - - - 415 573 56 471 629

Sub-total 2.201 3.058 446 702 1.334 1.810 166 1.500 1.976

TOTAL 7.667 10.814 592 849 1.183 1.822 130 5.320 7.471 166 5.486 7.637

1976 COSTS TO BE RECOVERED (CFAF 000's)

Total Cost SITES To Be Recovered # Ha Cost/Ha # lot Cost/Lot # m2/Lot Cost/m2/Lot # Families Cost/Family Population Cost/Inhab,

Abobo Gare 1.306.000 1/ 112 11.600 1.200 1.088 500 2.2 8.100 161 45.000 29

Adjame 538.000y 40 13.400 580 928 450 2.1 3.500 154 20.000 26

Pelieuville 318.000 1/ 19 16.700 430 740 300 2.5 1.900 167 8.000 40

Port Bouet Il 501.200.y 40 12.500 1.400 357 150 2.4 2.900 172 12.000 41

Le Bardo 1.323.000 60 22.000 (1.400) 945 (330) 2.8 5.800 228 20.000 66

Koumassi 1.029.000 50 20.500 2.550 403 140 2.9 5.600 183 32.280 32

Abobo Nord 471.000 25 18.800 1.275 370 140 2.6 2.800 168 16.150 29

or vhi.h 50% viii ba r»covrad thr.ugh the batteramt tax. ANNEX 8 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

PROJECT JUSTIFICATION - TRANSPORT COMPONENT

1. This economic evaluation is an attempt to determine an estimate of the value of the transport components of the Urban Development Project to the Abidjan region. Given the uncertainty of predicting streams of benefits from transport projects, especially when policies regarding the use of private motor vehicles are being questioned and modified as they are in Abidjan, the methodology selected for this economic evaluation was to calculate a First Year Rate of Return, that compares the benefits expected in the first year of operation of the facility being evaluated with the costs of its construction. In general, this method is best suited to situations in which the benefits are expected to grow steadily through time and in which the cost and benefit streams from the alternatives being evaluated are expected to be broadly similar. As both transport components of the project were evaluated against alternatives designed to produce essentially the same results (i.e., similar benefit streams), it is considered that this method is particularly applicable to the Abidjan appraisal.

2. As the two components are quite different in scope--minimum infrastructure improvements compared with traffic engineering--they have been evaluated separately.

Priority Section of the East-West Highway

Gosts

3. The costs of building this section of the East-West Highway--site preparation, construction, materials, railway connection, lighting, and control of works--will be incurred as follows:

1976 1977 1978 1979 TOTAL

(Millions CFAF--June 1976 prices)

Including Taxes 816 3,761 2,845 923 8,345

Excluding Taxes 645 2,972 2,248 730 6,595

After the deduction of taxes, these costs were discounted to 1976 at a discount rate of 12% (estimated to be the opportunity cost of capital in Abidjan) in order to provide a comparable base for the economic evaluation. The present value of the construction costs is CFAF 5,500 million (approximately US$ 24.5 m). ANNEX 8 Page 2

4. Maintenance costs which must be taken into account for the first year of operation have been estimated at 5% of construction costs. This covers annual costs for maintenance, lighting, traffic signal operation, and policing. The costs for 1980 are CFAF 330 million.

Benefits

5. Savings in vehicle operating costs due to higher speeds, which reduce congestion, together with savings in the time spent travelling by users of the transport system, are used as indicators of the benefits expected to accrue to the public as a result of this project. They are, in effect, proxy variables for more complex benefits, such as increases in mobility and accessibility, that are, given current knowledge, unquantifiable in economic terms. The major methodological problem in this exercise is assigning an economic value to the time savings. As the objective of this exercise is to assess the value of the project to the community, time savings have been valued at 30% of the average wage rate. This proportion is derived from numerous studies carried out world-wide, and the average wage-rate estimate is based on data from the Five-Year Plans of the Ivorian Ministry of Planning. The average wage-rate for 1980 is estimated to be CFAF 285 per hour, and the "value of time" to be CFAF 95 per hour. As this procedure is not universally accepted, sensitivity tests reported below show the effects on the first year rate of return of assuming (a) a zero value of time and (b) a value that more correctly reflects the distribution of income of system users.

6. To put the estimates of the value of benefits on a comparable basis with the cost estimates, the benefits for 1980, less the maintenance costs, have been discounted to 1976 at 12%.

(in CFAF millions)

Savings in Operating Costs 4,757

Savings in Time 16,662

Total Benefits (1980) 21,419

Less Maintenance Costs (1980) 330

21,089

Present Value (1976) 12,647

7. It should be noted that this is a minimum estimate of benefits, as several potentially important benefits--such as savings in operating personnel and vehicle fleets for commercial and public transport, reductions in vehicle pollution, and benefits to non-users who own property or walk in areas affected by the highway--could not be quantified in economic terms and, hence, have been excluded from the analysis. It has also been assumed that the number of trips made with and without the new highway will be the same; thus, important benefits to "generated" traffic have not been directly ANNEX 8 Page 3 calculated. In addition, some benefits will accrue before 1980, as certain sections of the highway, e.g., the Agban intersection, will be completed earlier.

First Year Rate of Return

8. The rate of return is calculated as:

Present Value (1976) of 1980 Benefits minus 1980 Maintenance Costs Present Value (1976) of Construction Costs

The rate of return for the priority section of the East-West Highway is 230%.

Sensitivity Tests

9. Given the difficulties inherent in estimating both costs and benefits, and in assigning monetary values to the latter, two types of sensitivity analysis have been carried out. The first shows the effect on the rate of return of changing the value of time; the second shows the effect of overestimating benefits or underestimating costs.

(a) Value of Time

10. The first year rates of return were recalculated assuming (i) a zero value of time and (ii) an "economic" value of time. The latter reflects the fact that car drivers are generally willing and able to pay more for time savings than public transport users. Using an estimate of the 1980 minimum legal wage (SMIG) of CFAF 125 per hour (1976 prices), as the average wage rate of public transport users, and maintaining the average wage rate of CFAF 285, this implies the following average wage rates and values of time:

Average Wage Rate Value of Time

Private transport CFAF 445 CFAF 133.5

Public transport CFAF 125 CFAF 37.5

The rates of return based on these assumptions are:

(a) zero value 48%

(b) "economic" value 185% ANNEX 8 Page 4

(b) Errors in Estimating Costs and Benefits

11. The rates of return have elso been recalculated assuming different levels of estimation error:

Benefits 1980 Overestimated by:

Rate of Return Operating Costs Operating Cost + Time Savings (%) 0 10% 20% 0 10% 20%

Costs 0 48 43 38 230 207 183 Underestimated 10% 44 39 35 209 188 167 by: 20% 40 36 32 192 172 153 30% 37 34 29 177 159 141

This indicates that even under the worst assumptions -- a 20% overestimate of benefits and a 30% underestimate of costs -- the project still produces a 141% rate of return (29% with zero value of time).

Distribution of Benefits

12. The distribution of savings in operating costs, given the relative numbers of vehicles on the road, is expected to favor operators of private vehicles. The evaluation confirms this, with 67% of such savings accruing to private operators and 33% accruing to bus operators. However, operating cost savings only represent 22% of the benefits quantified and 65% of the savings in travel time are received by users of public transport (i.e., buses). This is a significant demonstration of the success of the project in channelling benefits to lower income users. The sensitivity tests on the value of time confirm this: when time is valued 3-1/2 times more highly for car users relative to bus users, the overall benefits due to time savings fall, indicating that the majority of the time saving benefits accrue to bus riders rather than car users. Overall, considering both operating cost and time savings, bus users receive 58% of the benefits resulting from the project.

Traffic Improvements in the Central Area

Analys is

13. The analysis calculates the time savings - both running and standing - that are estimated to result from the project. Two assumptions are made: one is that no private traffic restraint is achieved (Case A); the second is that limited restraint is achieved through the introduction of express mini-bus service. ANNEX à Page 5

Costs

14. The project costs are (in CFAF millions):

Total Excluding Taxes 1976 Present Value

1977 350 276.5 243.3

1978 213 168.3 130.3

In Case A, the complementary cost of car-parking facilities brings the 1976 present value to CFAF 979 million; in Case B, the cost of mini-buses raises the 1976 present value to CFAF 800 million.

Benefits

15. The time saved, both running and standing in traffic, is used as an indicator of benefits to the project. The time was valued according to the basic hypothesis set out above. The 1976 present value of 1980 benefits is CFAF 234.54 million for Case A and CFAF 248.82 million for Case B.

Rates of Return

16. The first year rates of return are:

Case A 23.96%

Case B 28.93% if the complementary costs are excluded, the rates are:

Case A 62.77%

Case B 66.59%

Conclusions

17. This analysis indicates that the traffic improvements will yield a rate of return sufficient to justify the project. The benefits would increase if more traffic restraint could be achieved. ANNEX 9 Page 1

IVORY COAST

URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

PROJECT JUSTIFICATION - SHELTER COMPONENT

Economic Analysis

1. Two different economic analyses have been performed. One, based on a land value increase approach, is explained here in detail; results are also presented for the other which is based on an imputed rental value ap- proaSh. The cost streams in the second analysis were computed using the border value approach while in the first analysis the traditional shadow-pricing was applied.

Project Costs

2. The total shelter investment cost includes four components: (a) main project infrastructure provision for the slum upgrading and site and service areas and the opportunity cost of land. Annual costs of the main project are shown in the detailed cost estimate tables. The operation costs have been estimated at 6% of the total investment cost annually. Prior to development, land has been priced at the market value to reflect opportunity costs. The average cost of land within the slum upgrading area is CFAF 300 per square meter and CFAF 100 in the site and services area, (b) construction of the trunk sewer and its running costs (6% of the Investment cost). Since the trunk sewer will not only benefit the site and services area, 70% of its cost were allocated to the project, (c) housing consolidation in the slum upgrading area. Executing agencies estimate the costs at 10% of the present value of the built-up property, representing an additional investment of about CFAF 200 million. The scheduling of this investment over the project implementation period is shown in the main project schedule; (d) credit for construction by beneficiaries in the site and services area. To estimate this cost, the income distribution among the beneficiaries was assumed to be rectangular. Then it was assumed that 10% of the income of each income group could be devoted to repay a construction loan with a five-year maturity period and bearing a 12% interest rate. From this the maximum credit was derived. It was assumed that beneficiaries would devote the maximum available to construction. Table below gives estimates of construction costs:

Value of Construction

Percentage of Value of Construction Total Value of Construc- Population on plot (CFAF thousand) Plots tion (CFAF million)

0 - 20% 200,000 780 156 21 - 40% 250,000 780 195 41 - 60% 300,000 780 234 61 - 80% 400,000 780 312 81 - 100% 500,000 780 390 TOTAL 3,900 1,287 ANNEX 9 Page 2

3. The total value of construction in the site and services area corresponds to an average investment of CFAF 330,000 per lot i.e. two rooms. Three percent of the investment will take place in 1976, 31% in 1977 and 33% in 1978 and 1979 respectively, self-help labor costs are estimated at 4% of the construction costs. The national average for completion of housing construction is about three years.

4. Cost streams were computed net of taxes and in June 1976 prices. Labor costs were shadow-priced. The weighted rate of taxes for various project components amounts to 20%. Labor costs account for 28% of the total project cost and involve 85% skilled labor and 15% unskilled labor. Skilled labor is taken at full cost, but unskilled labor is shadow-priced at .7% of its full cost. The weighted shadow wage rate is equal to .955%. Foreign exchange was not shadow-priced since fluctuations in the value of local currency compensate for domestic price distortions. It is assumed that the project life is 20 years and that the cost of land is recovered at the end of this period. Cost streams are shown in Table II.

Project Benefits

5. The measurement of economic benefits for the slum upgrading and site and services components of the project is based upon estimates of increases in property values brought about by the provision of infrastructure and other services. This approach is subject to several qualifications, since certain project benefits such as health-related benefits may be only imperfectly reflected in property value. Nevertheless, it does provide a useful indicator of the minimum economic value of project outputs.

6. An estimate of land values was carried out by BCEOM. A special study conducted by the "Chambre de l'Industrie de Cote d'Ivoire" and dated March 1973 supports the BCEOM results. Based on these findings, the costs of land for the various project sites were estimated as:

Land value (CFAF/Square Meter) in June 1976 prices

Without Project With Project

Upgrading

Abobo Care 250 2,800 Adjame 750 3,000 Port Bouet Il 150 1,000 Pelieuville 650 3,000 Le Bardo 100 500

Sites and Services

Koumassi NE 100 3,800 Abobo Nord 100 2,900 Commercial Lots 100 4,000 COST AND BENEFIT

(CFAF million in June 1976 prices)

SLUMUPORADING SITES AND SERVICES Investment Running Housing Invest ent Running Housing Cost Cost Land Cost Consol. Benefit Cost 1/ Cost Land Cost Consol. Benefit 1976 66 4 520 8 110 6 53 11 10 1977 882 57 0 53 439 496 36 0 114 267 1978 2474 205 0 53 1247 1239 110 0 242 781 1979 1284 282 0 53 1566 455 137 0 351 1058 1980 o 282 0 ° 2011 137 0 239 1233

1981 o 282 0 0 2011 137 0 129 1233 1982-1995 0 282 0 0 2011 137 0 0 1233 1996 -520 0 0 0 0 -53 0 0 0 0

1/ Including the trunk sewer ABIDJAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

A MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS ANDWR

RS A TRANSPORTATION

ISUPERVISEDAGENCIESI| INPCONF I

DIRECTORATE OF DIRECTORATE OF AGENCY GENERAL CENTRAL DIRECTORATE DIRECTORATE OF ADMINISTRATION PROFESSIONAL FOR SEWERAGE DIRECTORATE OF ROAL TRANSPORTS CIVIL AERONAUTICS AND FINANCE _ TRAINING EF ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~HYDRAULICSAND GENERAL PUBLIC WORKS

DIRECTORATECF TRANSPORT DEPARTMENTAL UIO INFOR UID ROAINSPECTRAFFOC DIRECTOBATE T PLANNNG ATDNRTANSORTRREULAES PUBLERICWRS AOADSFT

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WORId Bank-15938 *TecI,nocaîassistance srovicled ABIDJAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

| MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTIONAN | |TOWN PLANNING

|CABINET

SELF-GOVERNING AGENCY TECHNICAL ADVISERS SELF-GOVERNING LFORTHE URBAN DOMAIN |||AGENCY FOR CONTRACT|

DIRECTORATES

PINGOAND DIRECTORATE 0F DIRECTORATE 0F DIRECTORATE OF TECHNICAL CENTERS DIRECTORATE PARCHITECURANVDGCOSRUTO ADMINISTRATIVE FOR VOCATIONAL 0F ADMINISTRATIVE PLARCHINGEANDT.U|RE DIRECTORVEYINGOFONS-RUCTHOUSING TRAINING AND FINANCIAL AFFAIRS

URBAN PLANNING REGIONAL DIRECTORATES DIVISION OF STUDIES AND| DIVISION OF TOWN PLANNING PROGRAMS AND ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTUA DIVISION O F WORKS

DIVISION OF A T O RURAL BUILDING PERMITS HOUSING DIVISION

LAND REGISTRATION 'Technical assistance pro iUed mBUREAU B

World Bank-15939 ABIDJAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT

SOCIETED'EQUIPMENT DES TERRAINS URBANS (SETU)

| BOARD OF DIRECTORS I

GENERAL MANAGER

DEPARTMENTS

| FINANE, ADMINISTRATION llGENERAL URBAN ||SEWERAGE ANDl | AND PROGRAMMING ||INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMET DRAINAGEl

ADMINISTRATION STUDIES STUDIES

l FINANCE ORSi VVORKSl

COMMERCIAL LAND USE SERVICES SUPERVISION 0F SYSTEM-OPERT N

4 PLANNING l

*Technical assistance provided

World Bank-9195 ABIDJAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

TECHNICALAVSR CH-AIRMAN 0F THE BOR1NPCO EEA

TECHNICAL ADVISERS

I I I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ADMINISTRATIVEAND I TECHNICAL DIRECTOR

DEPARTMENT~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ IDLRPARTENTR~ ~ ~ ~~FNNCA

|TECHNICAL | | STUDY AND CONTROL F E AND ACCOUNTIN DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT ADMINISTRATIVE DEPT. PERSONNEL DEPT. PA T D~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EPT

WORK DEPT. INFORMATION DEPT.

CONSTRUCTION DEPT. PLANNING DEPT|

AGRICULTURAL DEPT. FOR DEPT. GENERAL STUDIES

| REGIONAL DIRECTORATEW 1

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tnfr.ttuuroef MCMCMCU/SETU SD. NET - . _. .a-.. . . . _ actorta MCU Censu' tantlnennntr^t ______41.02 f4 MCU ConSul cant/tontrn.nt. _ __ _Xu_ * _ = 0441er ri'_oitc fantiaitr MCM Concu tantîcentnacc.

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EXISTING CONDITIONS IN ABOBO GARE

PARENTS 1 WIFE 2 WIFE

RENTED SHOP

Hf NTED SHOP ~ r H ç r OWNER E OWNER _ - ..

7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

PRNS__}PARENTS ° RErL R ENTAL S PARENTS .

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r ~~~~~~~OWNER O IINER rENANT ,*20m | 20m

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LEGEND.

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-, O A.C. TABLE

| l t { [ l l F~~~TENANTSSCL SCALE 0 5 10 15m

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PROJECTSITE (MARKETAUI cOMMMJITYFACIELITIES) AMIAL VI&W 0F THE ABOBO-.GAR- S

_iX~~~ - t

P O RT - O UE I

AERIAL VIEW OF THE PORTBOUET II PROJECTSITE (40 HA) IN THE MIDDLEOF THE BANCO.

ADlJAME

AERIAL VIEWOF THE ADJAMEPROJECT SITE (DENSITYOF ABOUT500 INHAB./HA). ADJAME LIBERTE IS ON THE LEFT, IN BETWEEN THE SICOGI TEEMENT BUILDINGS.

P E L I V I L L E T0U AERIAL VIEW OF THE PECIEUVILLE PROJECT AREA. DENSITY OF ABOUT 420 INHA. H .

X S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ;

S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~o ; | A 3

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Existing conditions

Proposedimprovements

ADJAME

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-. -. ,

Existing conditions

Proposed improvements

PORT BOUETI[

I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*j ,,-*-a

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IBRD 12083 APRIL1976 o IVORY COAST o I 2 3 .1 s ô 7 8 % CILOMETERS *D Project lrXILO M Ei T E2 R, S,°ox S1 \ 1j Abidjan Urbon Development MILES ' LOCATION OF PROJECTCOMPONENTS

PROPOSEDPROJECT Priority section Of East-West highway Exclusive bus [erles !iSites and services erecis ,r* ,_i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'Upgradung arecs Trunk sewers A|BDuAN SEWERAGE PROJECT -Ex soirg trunCsewers … - - Proposed trunk sewers EXISTIN G Major roads a T Mjor ro/sds painred, not under project a n c O ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Railway ---- Abidjan municipal boundaary Na t i o p c, '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Pareor forest boundoiries ~Urbanîzedcareais,1973 A ./| \PspucIation»°t° per hectare, 1973, |. a Pr k lej;)'More* 0 thon 000 * 00-1lOC0 200-600 100- 200 Less than 100 Emp[oyment per hectaire,1973: S More than 500 O ~~~~~sdc.Es~~~~~~~~~o,, ~~~~4-250-500* __ * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~25-250

s SOPOJG I

`u'`t 0 ` t`§i L < s

Atm hà/ deoei. M.- eo'oof s)A : 4E

,.' GO 7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

OAS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ uQs

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[BRD 12085 APRIL 1976 IVORY COAST r,3 ! 24 5 o 7 A Abodion Urban DevelopmentProject 3KLOMERS 4 MILES URBANIZATIONPROGRESSION

-'Urbcn areas In 1958. ABOBO Populaton: 170,000 Additional orecasurbanized by 1966. Population: 370,000

Addition-re cl asur banized by 1973. Population: 850,000 Maijorrocuds Ruiilway ---- Abidjan municipal boundairy . Park or forest boundaries

l 8 ~~~an C ° io/

N a t i ro n aI/ Abobo

P a r k f YO XEUPLT=U Y;

j,PiATEAU

7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Y RIHIL ~ MARCORY

7~~ ~~~~~',

Abdi~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ...... ~ ~..~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ur-uut F' :~~~~~~~~~~~~~Fîv ~ ~ s Aror

IBRD 12086 APRIL1976 IVORY COAST AbidjonUrbon Development Project TRAFFICIMPROVEMENT MEASURES

Existing: Proposed project: Major roods and accesses Exclusive bus lanes Other roods * Traffic lights S Traffic lights Planned roods and interchanges not included in project 0 0.5 1// KILOMETER

MILE

1Je ECHANGEURe ECHANGEUR DE L' INDENIE D 'ATTIECOUBE

DU BANCO

\'z AV. - ILouvertur ,tuss-i

I' 2,t\\\ Av. du Dr Jomol\

2{ ^;-.S 0\ s .- -

ACCES R S,N. \ '

. - . .- I \\ \ ~~~~AvTerr s on , e Fou.aère,

-- \ `1 0 [= É~ Av. \.

ABIDJAN I Av. Fran het E y ABOBO ---- Municipal k - ~~~~boundary o r ~~~-Roads o v, k KILOMETERS

BANCO s. Area oPONT TECvLEMARCORY JAU DE

IBRD 12090 APRIL 1976 IVORY COAST o I 2 3 4 5 t 7 si )86A

' ' CILOMETERS 5 t" i- 4 AbidjanUrban Development Project , .. jé<-S,^^E MIIES . PUBLIC' TRANSPORT HOURS A 24 ioo PER ,|, PASSENGERTRAFFIC FLOW 1974-1980

Passerger traffic flow per 24 hours;

/ ' -\ - . ,, UN r > > &19S O, estimated '- E3 Screen lires

Major roads

-.----- Railwoy - - -Abidjan'' municiprl boundary i/ / boundraries B° o - - Park or forest 40%. |, g \Urbanizudoreas, 1973 \\ N o f i o n o I]Aoo \

r oJ t,SI 170~~ 59 ~ ~ ~~12004* ,7o

,I IEIIB,0 df,,, n V

VORY-COAS'

COAST ç Vricd 'Abj,sdr,el '

IBRD 12087

IVORY COAST APRIL 1976 Abidjan Urbon DevelopmentProject lii 10 200 300ABOBO GARE UPGRADING PROJECT

0 200 400 ~600 800 1000 xsn lt FE E,~Mouffl Existinq bituminized rodds Pooetuinlzed roads

Exsiictrsupply lines,(dianneters ln maillimeters) Prps- trsupply lines,(diarneters in millimeters) M Prpsdfr ydrdnts Prpsdswr lines,(diamnetersin millimeters) --- Propoed stormdrains

APROBet ABIDJAN

BANcO \P~E oo

VRI

`'1 '

'I)T -

COAST ABIDJAN,--I -BO*BO IVORY Abidjan Urban DevelopmentProject R..ds SITESAND SERVICES Indicative Layout,Type LEM

EEProjecf boundary BANOCODY XLA,TEII LEM type Iots BANCO \ef o Surfaiced roods MAVRCOR . Cs,.'' Pedestrion paths TR ICHVLLL K S5ttjEU Water supply lines,(diameters in millimeters) M Fire hydrant * Sewer lines,(diameters in millimeters) * Sewer moanholes ~~~ ORIDII ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Sanitorycores Surface water runoff channels

Ij\s L . Communityfacilities

SIN

J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

O 2 a un 8o 101

o ee0 200 300

IBRD 1208Y APRIL1976 IVORY COAST AbidjonUrbon Development Project SITESAND SERVICES Indicative Layout,Type BCEOM/BNETD

-,7

...... 4 - - ..

METERS----MuicplCEMBTI I t Fw Tt l

1 1 . ~~~-4I 1-'l4-1, ;H1,rI

j T - `|11S-«ilil-2Roods

t ~~~~~~~~ JLOaETERS FE .. ABOO M-b.unciy . W ines,(dianeters in millimeters)

{ 0 20Fire hydraCnts Valves

Sewer lines,(diameters miin limeters) - Sewer moiholes

IBAtCO \ PL.ATEA\ 9 Underground|---AK drainage collectors TR HVIÂ « Avt * Collector manholes Turfed open ditches for storm water drainage

-4---- Direction of slope

LBRD12091

IVORY COAST APRIL1976~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ARL17 ~~~~~~z tToSoubro { Lj -io MALI,\,n $ UPPEh g SAN PEDRO rVOLTA

' Locationof Bardo Project GUINEA2 K o/hoeo PBrdoPcroect Are Port rJreo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~orUe s ) IVORY COAST ``NA L ;XJOMen orou.k. ,

...... Brdo ProrootAoordo P,oct Arec

ProposeS rosSec rocS improPement c. . . . / -wtr,

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horldO,,O,,0,,Nolf,LNON ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~KILOMETERS O 0.

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