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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Related Lockdown on Suicide: Analysis of Newspaper Reports During Pre-Lockdown and Lockdown Period in Bangladesh and India
Asian Journal of Psychiatry 60 (2021) 102649 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Journal of Psychiatry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ajp Impact of COVID-19 pandemic related lockdown on Suicide: Analysis of newspaper reports during pre-lockdown and lockdown period in Bangladesh and India Sujita Kumar Kar a,*, Vikas Menon b, S.M. Yasir Arafat c, Sagar Rai d, Charanya Kaliamoorthy b, Hasina Akter e, Shreya Shukla a, Nivedita Sharma d, Deblina Roy a, Vivekanandan Kavanoor Sridhar b a Department of Psychiatry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India b Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India c Department of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, 1340, Bangladesh d King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India e Department of Graduate Nursing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The economic and social devastation wrought by the COVID-19 crisiscoupled with the unavailability of tradi Suicide tional coping resources is a “perfect storm” for suicide. Evidence suggests that its impact may be dispropor COVID-19 tionately high in low-and-middle-income countries. The study aimed to assess and compare nature and correlates Pandemic of suicidesfrom news reportsduring the immediate pre-lockdown and lockdown phase of COVID-19 in Newspaper report Bangladesh and India. We performed analysis of suicide reports from purposively selected online vernacular and Bangladesh India English newspapers of Bangladesh and two states/union territory in India, between January to June 2020. We divided the time period of observation into two phases: pre-lockdown and lockdown phase. -
Suicidal Behaviour During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iraq: an Excerpt from Newspaper Reports
GLOBAL PSYCHIATRY — Suicide during COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq GLOBAL PSYCHIATRY — Vol 4 | Issue 2 | 2021 Araz Ramazan Ahmad1,2, Ayoob Kareem Saeed3, Vikas Menon4*, Sheikh Shoib5, S.M. Yasir Arafat6 Suicidal behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq: an excerpt from newspaper reports 1 Department of Administration, College of Humanities, University of Raparin, Ranya-44012, Iraq. 2 Department of International Relations & Diplomacy, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Tishk International University, Erbil-44001, Iraq. 3 Sulaimani Polytechnic University – CDC, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. 4 Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry-605006, India. 5 Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital (JLNMH), Rainawari, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190003, India. 6 Department of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh. *email: [email protected] Received: ***; Accepted: *** Abstract Objective: Suicide is a major public health issue that has been under-researched in Iraq, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aims: The study aimed to assess the characteristics, methods and risk factors of suicidal behaviour in Iraq during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We searched the news reports between April and May 2021 on Google using the term “suicide news in Iraq”. We included online newspaper reports of suicidal behaviour in Iraq published from January 2020 to April 2021. Results: A total of 156 reports were studied. The majority of reports were published in the Arabic language (59%). Among the newspapers, the majority of the reports were published in Nalia Radio and Television (NRT) and the shafaqnews (11.5% each). The mean age of the suicidal attempts was 27.69 years (±13.78) ranging from 10-65 years old. -
Suicide in South Asia
SUICIDE IN SOUTH ASIA: A SCOPING REVIEW OF PUBLISHED AND UNPUBLISHED LITERATURE FINAL REPORT OCT 15, 2013 HEALTHNET TPO i RESEARCH TEAM Mark Jordans, PhD Research and Development, HealthNet TPO, the Netherlands Center for Global Mental Health, King’s College London, UK Anne Kaufman, BA Research and Development, HealthNet TPO, the Netherlands Natassia Brenman, BA Research and Development, HealthNet TPO, the Netherlands Ramesh Adhikari, MA, MPhil Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO), Nepal Nagendra Luitel, MA Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO), Nepal Wietse Tol, PhD Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, USA Ivan Komproe, PhD Research and Development, HealthNet TPO, the Netherlands Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to the members of our Research Advisory Group, Dr. Arzu Deuba, Dr. Murad Khan, Professor Atif Rahman and Dr. Athula Sumathipala, for their support and review of the search protocol, and to our National Consultants, Dr. Hamdard Naqibullah (Afghanistan), Dr. Nafisa Huq (Bangladesh), Ms. Mona Sharma (India), Dr. Jamil Ahmed (Pakistan), and Dr. Tom Widger (Sri Lanka), for their valuable local knowledge, and for leaving no stone unturned in identifying in-country documents on suicide. We also acknowledge the comments on the search protocol and draft report received from DFID’s South Asia Research Hub and in particular from the external peer reviewers, Daniela Fuhr (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine), and Joanna Teuton (NHS Scotland). We thank Inge Vollebregt (HealthNet TPO) for her support in improving the presentation of the report. This research was done with financial support from DFID’s South Asia Research Hub, for which we are thankful. -
Suicidal Behaviour in Bangladesh: a Scoping Literature Review and a Proposed Public Health Prevention Model
Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2017, 5, 254-282 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jss ISSN Online: 2327-5960 ISSN Print: 2327-5952 Suicidal Behaviour in Bangladesh: A Scoping Literature Review and a Proposed Public Health Prevention Model Afroze Shahnaz, Christopher Bagley*, Padam Simkhada, Sadia Kadri Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK How to cite this paper: Shahnaz, A., Bag- Abstract ley, C., Simkhada, P. and Kadri, S. (2017) Suicidal Behaviour in Bangladesh: A Scop- The objectives of this review are to explore through a scoping analysis of pub- ing Literature Review and a Proposed Pub- lished literature, the prevalence of suicidal ideation, attempts and suicide, and lic Health Prevention Model. Open Journal the correlates and presumed causes of such behaviours in Bangladesh, in or- of Social Sciences, 5, 254-282. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.57016 der to develop a model of public health research and prevention. This type of review aims to contextualise existing knowledge, set it within a practice and Received: June 2, 2017 policy context, and make recommendations for health care service delivery Accepted: July 16, 2017 and evaluation. The evidence indicates an unusual pattern of completed sui- Published: July 19, 2017 cide rates, those most at risk being younger women. The rate in adolescent Copyright © 2017 by authors and girls is exceptionally high by international standards, and appears to reflect Scientific Research Publishing Inc. poverty, the low status of women, violence directed against girls and women, This work is licensed under the Creative and forced marriages of young, teenage girls. -
A Comparison Between the Age Patterns and Rates of Suicide in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Australia
Report EMHJ – Vol. 26 No. 6 – 2020 A comparison between the age patterns and rates of suicide in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Australia John Snowdon,1 Seyed Mehdi Saberi2 and Ehsan Moazen-Zadeh3,4 1Sydney Medical School and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia (Correspondence to: John Snowdon: [email protected]). 2Legal Medicine Research Centre, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. 3Psychiatric Research Centre, Roozbeh Hospital and Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. 4Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Colum- bia, Vancouver, Canada. Abstract Background: When planning interventions aimed at preventing suicide, it is important to consider how socioeconomic and cultural factors may affect suicide rates. There has been variability in the accuracy of recording suicide deaths, lead- ing to varying levels of underestimation. Social, cultural and religious elements affect whether deaths resulting from suicide are reported as such and those responsible for reporting a death may avoid providing information that would suggest the death was due to suicide. Aims: The aim of this study was to document Iranian suicide patterns in 2006–2010 and 2011–2015, compare them with those in a “Western” country (Australia) and explore whether differences point to factors that affect suicide rates. Methods: Data were obtained from Iranian and Australian national statistics offices. Results: Peak Iranian male suicide rates were in young adulthood. There was a modest increase between the 2 quinquen- nials studied. Australian male rates were much higher, with age peaks in middle age and very late life. From age 30, the female rate was twice as high in Australia, graphs of the age patterns being relatively flat in both countries. -
Are Healthcare Professionals at Greater Risk?
Heliyon 6 (2020) e05259 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Heliyon journal homepage: www.cell.com/heliyon Research article Prevalence and risk factors of COVID-19 suicidal behavior in Bangladeshi population: are healthcare professionals at greater risk? Mohammed A. Mamun a,b,*, Tahmina Akter a,c, Fatematuz Zohra a,d, Najmuj Sakib a,e, A.K.M. Israfil Bhuiyan a, Palash Chandra Banik f, Mohammad Muhit g,h a Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh b Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh c Department of Epidemiology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh d Department of One Health, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh e Department of Microbiology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh f Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh g CSF Global, Dhaka, Bangladesh h Asian Institute of Disability and Development, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Background: Current COVID-19 researches suggest that both general population and health-care providers (HCPs) Psychology are at risk of elevated psychological sufferings including suicidality. However, suicidality has not been addressed Public health properly, although mental health problems are studied globally. Besides, the extreme fear of COVID-19 infection COVID-19 and suicide is being existed among the Bangladeshi HCPs, that is reported by a recent patients' suicide because of HCPs Suicidal ideation treatment negligence. Suicidal behavior Health-care professional' suicide Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was administered through the social media platforms. A total 3,388 Frontline worker's suicide respondents took part in the survey (mean age 30.1 Æ 6.4 years) among them 834 were frontline HCPs (30.7 Æ 5.6 Suicide in Bangladesh years). -
High Rates of Suicide and Violence in the Lives of Girls and Young Women in Bangladesh: Issues for Feminist Intervention
social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article High Rates of Suicide and Violence in the Lives of Girls and Young Women in Bangladesh: Issues for Feminist Intervention Christopher Adam Bagley *, Afroze Shahnaz and Padam Simkhada Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L32ET, UK; [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (P.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +44-1625-477060 Received: 6 September 2017; Accepted: 3 November 2017; Published: 14 November 2017 Abstract: Deaths by suicide in Bangladesh have an atypical sex ratio, with higher rates in females than in males—a characteristic shared with several countries in Southern Asia. Reasons for this are explored in this paper. An examination of the social structure of Bangladesh suggests that girls and women are subjected to higher rates of sexual and physical violence compared with males, especially in rural and urban slum areas. This violence is often linked to the enforced marriage of young girls to older men. A systematic review of 24 studies on suicide and suicidal behaviors in Bangladesh has shown that suicide death rates are exceptionally high in younger women, at a rate of about 20 per 100,000, more than twice the rate in males aged less than 49. In girls aged 15 to 17, the estimated suicide rate is 14 per 100,000, 50% higher than in males. Because of problems in obtaining systematic data on deaths by suicide, these rates are likely to be underestimates. Extreme poverty and lack of education have been recorded as factors in deaths by suicide, although there are methodological problems in reaching such conclusions. -
Perception of Suicide Among Higher Secondary Level Students
Int.J.Adv.Microbiol.Health.Res.2018; 2(2):17-22 International Journal of Advanced Microbiology and Health Research ISSN: 2457-077X. Volume 2, Issue 2 (June 2018), PP. 17-22 Available online at www.ijamhr.com Original Research Article Perception of Suicide among Higher Secondary Level Students Nira Neupane1, Sanjay Kumar Sah2, Anupama Pradhan (Thaiba)3, Anjana Adhikari4, Sabita Shah5 Lecturer1&3, Assistant Professor2, Student4, Assistant Lecturer5 1Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Sanjeevani College of Medical Sciences, Butwal, Nepal. 2Department of Anatomy, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. 3&5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanjeevani College of Medical Sciences, Butwal, Nepal. 44th Year B.Sc. Nursing Student, Sanjeevani College of Medical Sciences, Butwal, Nepal. Article Info ABSTRACT Background: A descriptive study entitled "Perception of Suicide among Higher Secondary Level Students" was carried out to find out the perception of suicide among 130 students of Received 15th May, 2018 New Life Higher Secondary School, Bardaghat Makar-4, Nawalparasi, Nepal. Materials Revised 18th May, 2018 and Methods: Non probability purposive sampling technique with self-administered Accepted 21st May, 2018 structured questionnaire was used to collect the data and analyzed with the help of Published online 5th June, 2018 descriptive statistics. The study findings revealed that all the respondents were between the age group of 15-19 years. Results: Out of 130 respondents, most of them (34.6%) belong to Keywords 18 years age group. Most of the respondents were female (61.5%) and majority of the Perception respondents (86.6%) followed Hindu religion. Likewise most of the respondents (66.9%) were strongly disagreed with the statement “Suicide is act of intentionally causing one’s Suicide death” whereas (1.5%) respondent neutrally to this statement. -
Suicide and Deliberate Self-Harm Among Women in Nepal: a Scoping Review
Suicide and deliberate Self-Harm Among Women in Nepal: A Scoping Review Sarina Pradhan Kasaju ( [email protected] ) Maastricht University School for Public Health and Primary Care: Universiteit Maastricht Care and Public Health Research Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0093-5047 Johanna Krumeich Maastricht University Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences: Universiteit Maastricht Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences Marc Van der Putten Thammasat University Faculty of Public Health https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-4541 Research article Keywords: Suicide, Deliberate self-harm, Women, Asia, Nepal, Public Health Posted Date: March 17th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-321446/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/15 Abstract Background: Suicide is a growing public health problem globally. Suicide accounts for 70% of violent deaths among women in low and middle income countries. In Nepal suicide is the single leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. The aim of this scoping review is to explore and understand the various contexts related to vulnerability of Nepalese woman towards suicide and deliberate self-harm. Methods: A scoping review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework including a combination of peer- reviewed publications and grey literature was conducted. The National Library of Medicine’s PubMed and Google Scholar search engines were used during July 2019 applying a Boolean search strategy. Results: Suicide incidence was found to be higher among younger age group and married women, with poisoning as the most common means of suicide. -
Mental Health, Religion & Culture an Extraordinary Truth? the Ādam “Suicide” Notes from Bangladesh
This article was downloaded by: [Universidad de Valencia] On: 10 February 2011 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 779262401] Publisher Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37- 41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Mental Health, Religion & Culture Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713437783 An extraordinary truth? The Ādam “suicide” notes from Bangladesh Nasima Selima a James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Online publication date: 09 April 2010 To cite this Article Selim, Nasima(2010) 'An extraordinary truth? The Ādam “suicide” notes from Bangladesh', Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 13: 3, 223 — 244 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/13674670903061230 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13674670903061230 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. -
Present Situation of Suicide in Bangladesh: a Review
medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252279; this version posted February 24, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . PRESENT SITUATION OF SUICIDE IN BANGLADESH: A REVIEW Most. Zannatul Ferdous1*, A.S.M. Mahbubul Alam2 1 Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University 2 Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University *Corresponding author email: [email protected] 1 | P a g e NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice. medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.23.21252279; this version posted February 24, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . ABSTACT The most important global cause of mortality is suicide. It is often neglected by researchers, health professionals, health policymakers, and the medical profession. This review was aimed to provide a narrative understanding of the present situation of suicide in Bangladesh based on the existing literature. We conducted a review combining articles and abstracts with full HTML and PDF format. We searched PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and BanglaJOL, google using multiple terms related to suicide without any date boundary and without any basis of types of studies, that is, all types of studies were scrutinized. -
Suicide in Asia: Opportunities and Challenges
Epidemiologic Reviews Vol. 34, 2012 ª The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxr025 All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected]. Advance Access publication: December 7, 2011 Suicide in Asia: Opportunities and Challenges Ying-Yeh Chen, Kevin Chien-Chang Wu, Saman Yousuf, and Paul S. F. Yip* * Correspondence to Dr. Paul S. F. Yip, Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China (e-mail: [email protected]). Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/epirev/article/34/1/129/498617 by guest on 29 September 2021 Accepted for publication September 8, 2011. Asian countries account for approximately 60% of the world’s suicides, but there is a great mismatch in the region between the scale of the problem and the resources available to tackle it. Despite certain commonalities, the continent itself is culturally, economically, and socially diverse. This paper reviews current epidemiologic patterns of suicide, including suicide trends, sociodemographic factors, urban/rural living, suicide methods, sociocultural religious influences, and risk and protective factors in Asia, as well as their implications. The observed epidemiologic distributions of suicides reflect complex interplays among the traditional value/culture system, rapid economic transitions under market globalization, availability/desirability of suicide methods, and sociocultural permission/ prohibitions regarding suicides. In general, compared with Western countries, Asian countries still have a higher average suicide rate, lower male-to-female suicide gender ratio, and higher elderly-to-general-population suicide ratios. The role of mental illness in suicide is not as important as that in Western countries.