May2o,1938.] R , KANEHIRA-NEW TREES FROM . XX. 235

New or Noteworthy Trees from Micronesia. XX.

By

Ryozo Kanehira. With 3 Text-figures.

Received January ~5, 1938.

(201) dubius SPRENG.Syst. Veg. 3(1826) 897; KURZin Journ. Bot. 5 (1867) 127, t. 64, f. 1 & 2 ; WARB.In KRIEGER,Neuguinea (1899) t. 7 et ENGL. Pflanzenr. IV, 9 (1900) 50, f. 14 A & C ; MARTELLIin Webbla 4 (1913) 12 ; MERR. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 9 (1914) Bot. 48 ; KANEH. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 45 (1931) 273 et Fl. Micr. (1933) 61, f. 2 et Enum. Micr. P1. (1935) 260. It is rather strange that no botanists have ever noticed the confusion in modern treatments of Pandanus dubius SPRENG.for manifestly two dif- ferent species are included under this binomial, the true Pandanus d ubius SPRENG.and the distinctly different Pandanus tetrodon (GAUmdH.) BALF.f. Pandanus dubius SPRENG.was confused by WARBURGin Pflanzenr. 1. c. 50, f. 14, the description, the synonymy and his fig. A, C appertaining to Pandanus dubius and his fig. B to Pandanus tetrodon. It was correctly interpreted by KURZ in Journal of 1. c. and MERRILL in An Interpretation o f Rum phius Herbarium Amboinense. SPRENGEL'SSpecies was based on the description and illustration of Folium baggea maritima, RUMPH. Herb. Amb. 4 (1743) 151, t. 80, excl. ref. "Ins. Mascaren.... P. erigens THouARs." The reference reads "Amboina, Mas- caren (Folium baggeae maritimum RUMPI1. 4. t. 80. 75 2. P. erigens THOUARS2) ." Thus the Amboina species represented by plate 80 was posi- tively the type, for plate 75 was doubtfully referred here (it represents a very distinct species) and THOUARS'Mascarene species was cited with doubt. Specimens representing this species have been collected in Micronesia in Saipan, Rota, Yap, Palau and Kusaie, and except in the Marianne Islands it is very scarce. Distrib. Moluccas, Philippines and Micronesia.

I am indebted to Dr. E. D. MERRILL and Dr. LEON CROIZAT of the Arnold Arbore- tum, for copies of essential references not avai]able to me, tracing of figures from various plates, and for suggestions on the identification of certain forms. 236 THE BOTANICAL M.1CAZI?VE. [Vol. LII, No. 617.

Fig. 69. Panclanus clubius SPRENG. (specimen from Rota)

A. A syncarp x 2/9. B. A phalange x 2/3. C. The same in longitudinal section x 2/3. D. The same in cross section x 2/3. E. An apical portion of the phalange x 2/3.

(202) Pandanus tetrodon (GAUDICH.)BALF, f. Remarks on Genus Pand. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 17 (1878) 63. Barrotia tetrodon GAUDICII.Bot. Voy. Bonite (1843) t. 13, f. 1-8. Hombronia edulis GAUDICII,op. cit. t. 22, f. 17. May 20, ] R. KANEHIRA-NEW TREES El OM MICRONESIA. X.X. 237

Fig. 70. Pandanus tetrodon (GAUDICH.)BALF. f. (specimen no. 3494, Truk)

A. A syncarp x 2/5. B. A phalange x 2/5. C. The same in longitudinal section x 2/5. D. The same in cross section x 2/5. a. An air chamber. 238 THE BOTANICALMAGAZINE. [vol.LII, No. 617.

Barrotia Gaudichaudii BRONGN.in Ann. Soc. Nat. Ser. VI 1 (1875) 264, nom. nud. Pandanus Hombronia F. MUELL. in Vict. Naturalist (Dec. 1890) 143 ex Bot. Centralb. 45 (1891) 123-124; Index Kew. Suppl. 1, 311. Pandanus dubius (non SPRENG.) WARB, In ENGL. 1. c. 50, quod Syn. GAUDICH.pro parte. Pandanus Yamagutii KANEH, in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 50 (1936) 544, f. 54. Pandanus tetrodon (GAUDICH.)BALF, f, is based on the figure given in Gaud. Voy. Bonite (1843) t. 13, f. 1-8. The syncarp figured is immature and WARBURGdisposes of it thus "forsan nil nisi syncarplum juvenile P, dubii; patria speciminis icone illustrati ignota." GAUDICHAUDgave no description but in the description of the plate published in 1866, the figures are explained, yet no technical description was supplied. However under the International Code of Nomenclature, its publication is valid, because details are given in the figure. In 1875, BRONGNIARTpublished Barrotia Gaudichaudii based on the Paris Museum specimen but his description is too cursory and the place of origin of the specimen is uncertain. In 1891, F. VONMUELLER published Pandanus Hombronia in the Victorian Naturalist in the title of "Notes on a rare Pandanaceous " definitely based on Hombronia edulis CAUDICII. He selected the new specific name because of the earlier Pandanus edulis TIioU, from Madagascar, and scarcely gives a botanical description. MARTELLIquotes in "Enumeratione Belle " Webbia IV, 1(1913 ) p. 35, Pand anus tetrodon as a synonym of Pandanus dubius with question mark. Pandanus compressus MARTELLIIn Pand, nuovi in Webbia 1 (1905) 363 and IV (1913) 10, t. 8, f. 14-15 from Solomon is probably a synonym of this species. The specimens were collected in Takesima, Truck Island and a juvenile form was named erroneously as Pandanus Yamagutii KANEH. I also collected the same species in New Britain, Territory of . Synopsis of Pandanus dubius SPRENG, and Pandanus tetrodon (GAUDICH.)BALF, f. Phalanges arranged spirally, their apices shortly and abruptly acuminate, connate for about half their length, stigmas 1 or 2, flattened, usually, projecting horizontally, endocarp situated near the middle of the phalange, one-seeded ...... Pandanus dubius. Phalanges arranged in almost vertical rows, hence compressed horizontally, obovoid, apex rounded or often truncately rounded, stigmas 1-5, rarely up to 7, arranged in one sometimes two rows, confluent, erect, not projecting horizontally, connate for about one-fourth their length, endocarp situated in the lower one-third of the phalange.... . Pandanus tetrodon. Both species resemble each other in appearance, habit, and in their long, wide and shining green leaves, the mesocarp of the phalange is pithy and not lacunose, but in Pand anus tetrodon it is usually accompanied by small air-chambers. May20,1938.] R.. KANE$IRA-NEW TREES FROM MICRONESIA.xx. 239

Pandanus tetrodon unquestionably belongs to the section Hombronia, but Pandanus dubius, I think, should not be placed in the same section, if we accept WARBURG'skey. Kunz (1. c.) placed Pandanus dubius under the section Keura, which seems a doubtful disposition of it because it has one or two locules. It may ultimately prove to belong to the other section.

(203) Embelia palauensis MEZ in ENGL. Bot. Jahrb. 56 (1921) 537; KANEH. Enum. Micr. Pl. (1935) 386. Yap. No. 3853, R. KANEHIRAJan. 5, 1937. In thickets near Tomil. A species new to Yap. The type was from Palau.

Fig. 71... Embelia palaueisis MEz A. A branchlet with flowers x 2/3. B. A flower x 5. C. The same in longitudinal section x 5. D. A fruit in longitudinal section x 3. E. A seed x 4.

(204) Premna integrif olia LINN. Mant. 2 (1771) 252; KANEH. Enum. Micr. P1. 404. Saipan 6, 23, 2225; Pagan 2216; Rota 1793; Tinian 2267; Palau 1884, 2407; Ponape 694, 792, 15D0,1609, 2458. The material mentioned above was all identified by Dr. H. J. LAM. Though he established many varieties and forms of the species in Micronesian material, there was no single form of the species among the 240 THE 130TANICATMAGAZINE. [vol.LII, No. 617. specimens I sent to him, these being collected from different localities in Micronesia. Premna integri f olia has a wide range of distribution from East Africa to East Polynesia and from Cochin-China to North Australia, being evidently dispersed by sea currents and being extremely polymor- phous.

(205) Viticipremna novae-pommeraniae (WARB.) H. J. LAM,Verb. Malay. Arch. (1919) 163. Vitex novae-pominevuniae WARn. In ENGL. Bot. Jahrb. 13 (1890) 4288 et 18 (1893) 208; K. SCHUi'vI. F1. Neu-Pomm. (1898) 145; K. SCIIUM, u. LAUTERB.Fl. D. Siidsee (]_901) 524. V itex glabrata (non It. BR.) KANEII. Fl. M1er. (1933) 345, f. 178 et Enum. Micr. Pl. 405. Palau, Todaiyama No. 2022 11. KANEIIIIIA, Aug. 9, 1932. In primary forests at about 1.00m. altitude. I followed after the identification of Dr. H. J. LAM, whom T sent a specimen of the species. According to Dr.. LAM, Viticipremna LAM is based upon the 2-lobed corolla, which is a characteristic of Premna, and the digitate leaves which are a feature of Vitex. "Moreover, the throat of the corolla is villous before the upper instead of before the middle of the lower lip."` Unfortunately my specimen is lacking the flowers, the fruiting material only. "The only distinguishing feature is in the 4-merous flowers which would loose its generic importance if and when Vitex specimens should be found with both 4- and 5-merous flowers, but such a case is not yet known." Distrib. New Guinea, New Britain, New Ireland, Australian Mandate Territory. Two species of the genus are known, the other species being V iticipremna T urczaninowii (MERR.) LAM from Luzon, Philippine Islands.

(201) Melastoma polyanthum BL, in Fl. 14 (1831) 480 et Mus. Bot. L ugd.-Bat. 1 (1849) 55, t. 6 ; MIQ. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, 1 (1855) 507; VOL•KENS 111ENGL. Bot. Jahrb. 30 (1901) 471. Melastoma marianum NAUD.in Am. Sci. Nat. 3, 13 (1849) 276; MERR. in. Philip. Jour11. Sci. 9 (1914) Bot. 125; KANEH. Fl. Micr. (1933) 284, f. 141 et Enum. Micr. Pl. (1935) 383. The plant is known from Aramagan, , Ponape, Yap and Palau. Distrib. India to Southern China through Philippines, Malaya to New Guinea and tropical Australia. R. MANSFELDIn ENGLER, Bot. Jahrb. 60 (1925) 107-109, recognized

* A note from Dr . LAM addressed to the author. May 20, ] R . KANEHI RA-NEW TREES FROM MICRONESIA. xx. 241 three species of Melastoma occurring in Micronesia, namely M. malabathri- cur LINN. ( Ponape) , M. polyanthum BL. (Ponape) and M, marianum NAUD.(Palau by the characters of bracts and connectives. In comparison of specimens'I collected in Micronesia, I can not find any constant characters to distinguish, and I retain at present M. polyanthum for the Micronesian species, excepting Kusaian specimens which are somewhat different from the material of the other islands.

Fig. 72. Finschia m2cronesica KANEH.

(202) Finschia micronesica (KANEH.) KANEH. comb. nov. Helicia micronesica KANEII. Fl. Micr. (1933) 95, f. 23 (sem. nud. ) et in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 47 (1933) 669 et Enum. Micr. Pl. (1935) 311. The genus Finschia was established by WARBURGand two species are known from the Territory of New Guinea, i.e. Finschia ru f a WARB., the type of the genus and F. chloroxantha DIELS. The genus is very near Kermadachia from New Caledonia in its i'regular flowers with stipitate ovary and unilateral and semiannular gland at its base, but is distinguished by its ovules which being attached to the lateral side of the wall and anatr'o- pous. This is the third species of the genus. Leg. T. TUYAMA Garamiscan, Palau, Sept. 1, 1937.