2 History

ANCIENT HISTORY

1. Pre Historic Cultures In " Original Home of Aryans " Features of Aryan Culture " Periodization of Indian pre history " Vedic Texts " Sources of pre history " Sources for Reconstructing " Stone age Vedic Society and Culture  Paleolithic (2 million BC – 10,000 BC) " Geography of the Rig Vedic Period and geography of the later Vedic Phases  Mesolithic (10,000 BC – 8,000 BC) " Economic Conditions  Paleolithic (8000 BC – 4000 BC) " Political Organisation and Evolution " Chalcolithic Age (4000 BC – 1500 BC) of Monarchy " Iron age (1500 BC-200 BC) " Social Organisation and Varna System " Impact of Iron " Religion and Thought

2. Pastoral and Farming Communities 5. Pre Mauryan Period " Neolithic Phase " Formation of states " Chalcolithic Phase " The Sixteen Mahajanapadas " Early Iron Phase " Republics " " Geographical Distribution and Rise of urban centres Characteristics " Haryanka dynasty " Shishunaga dynasty 3. Indus Valley Civilization " Nanda dynasty " Major cities " Town Planning 6. The Mauryan Empire " Harappan " Chandragupta and Bindusara " Agriculture " Megasthenes " Domestication of animals " Asoka and His Successors " Crafts " Asoka’s Inscriptions and Sites " Religion " Asoka’ a Dhamma " Harappan Pottery " Mauryan. Administration, Economy, " Weights and Measures Society and Art " Script and Language " The Arthasastra " Images " Decline of Harappan Culture 7. Post-Mauryan India (sc 200-AD 300) " Society: Evolution of Jatis 4. Vedic Society " Sangam Texts-and Society

3 " Satavahanas and Other Indigenous " Economic Conditions Dynasties " Foreign Dynasties 10. Harshavardana " Commercial Contacts with the Outside World " Sources for Harsha’s Period " Schools of Art " Early life of Harsha 8. Growth of Jainism and Buddhism " Harsha’s Administration " Important Officials of the empire " Jainism " Economy under Harsha " Buddhism " Society " Religion 9. Imperial Guptas " Sources of Gupta Rule 11. The Southern Dynasties " Political history of Guptas " The Shathavahanas (230 BC TO AD 225) " Fahien " The Pallavas (AD 330–796) " Gupta Administration " The Chalukyas (AD 535–1190) " Gupta Culture " The Pandyas of Madurai (AD 590–1323) " Urban centres in Gupta period MEDIEVAL INDIA

1. Central Asian Politics and the 4. The Establishment of the North Advance of Babur towards India Indian Empire " " The Timurids The Surs " Sher Shah’s Early Life " The Timurid-Uzbek and Uzbek-Iran " Conflict and Babur Social and Political Background of Bihar and the Rise of Sher Shah to Power. " Babur’s Advance towards India " The Sur Empire (1540-56) " Contributions of Sher Shah 2. Struggle for Empire in North- India (Afghans, Rajputs and Mughals) 5. Consolidation and Expansion of the Empire - Akbar " Struggle between Ibrahim Lodi and Babur " Conflict with the Afghans - Hemu " the Battle of Panipat " Struggle with the Nobility: Bairam Khan’s " Babur’s problems after the Battle " Regency; Revolt of Uzbek Nobles of Panipat " Early Expansion of the Empire " Struggle with Rana Sanga (1560-76) - Malwa, Garh-Katanga, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Eastern India " Problems of the Eastern Areas " Relations with the Rajputs - and the Afghans Growth of a Composite Ruling Class " Babur’s Contribution and Significance " Rebellions, and Further Expansion of his Advent into India of the Empire in the North West

3. Struggle for Empire in North India 6. State and Government under Akbar

" Humayun and the Afghans " Akbar’s Concept of Suzerainty " " Early Activities of Humayun, Structure of Government, Central and Provincial - the Vikalat, and the Tussle with Bahadur Shah the Central Ministries, Provincial " The Gujarat Campaign " Government, District and Local Government " The Bengal Campaign, and Struggle with Sher Khan " The Working of Government - the Ruler,

4 Land-Revenue System, the Dahsala " State and Religion in the First Half System, the Mansabdari of the Seventeenth Century  System and the Army " Shah Jahan - Consolidation and Expansion of the Empire 7. Akbar’s Religious Views " Evolution of the Mughal Ruling Class and the Mansabdari System " Relations with the Ulama and Social Reforms 11. Aurangzeb - Religious Policies, North " The Early Phase (1556-73) India and the Rajputs " The Second Phase (1573-80) - the Ibadat Khana " War of Succession " Debates - the Mahzar - Breach " Religious Policy : First Phase (1658-79) with Orthodox " Reforms and Puritanical Measures, Hindu " Ulama - Re-organisation of " Temples, Jizyah; Second Phase Madadd-i-Maash Grants (1679-1707) " Third or Final Phase - Din-i-Ilahi - State " Territorial Consolidation and " Policies and religious toleration Expansion of Empire - North India " Popular Revolts - Jats, Satnamis, 8. The Deccan and the Mughals Afghans and Sikhs (Upto 1657) " Breach with Marwar and Mewar " The Deccani States upto 1595 12. Climax and Crisis of the Mughal " Mughal Advance towards the Deccan Empire the Marathas and the " Mughal Conquest of Berar, Khandesh Deccan and Parts of Ahmadnagar " " Rise of the Marathas - Early Career Rise of Malik Ambar, and Frustration of of Shivaji - " Mughal Attempt at Consolidation " Treaty of Purandar - the Agra Visit (1601-27) " Shivaji’s Swarajya - Administration " Extinction of Ahmadnagar, and Achievements Acceptance of Mughal " Aurangzeb and the Deccani States " Suzerainty by Bijapur and Golconda (1658-87) " Shah Jahan and the Deccan (1636-57) " Marathas and the Decean (1687-1707) " Cultural Contribution of the " Assessment of Aurangzeb and the Deccani States Jagirdari Crisis

9. Foreign Policy of the Mughals 13. Society-Structure and Growth " Akbar and the Uzbeks " Rural Society " " The Question of Qandahar and Towns and Town Life Relations with Iran " Artisans and Master-Craftsmen " Shah Jahan’s Balkh Campaign " Women " Mughal - Persian Relations - " Servants and Slaves the Last Phase " Standard of Living 10. India in the First Half of the " The Ruling Classes - Nobility, Rural Gentry Seventeenth Century " The Middle Strata " Jahangir’s Accession - his Early " The Commercial Classes Difficulties " Territorial Consolidation and Expansion 14. Economic Life-Patterns and of the Empire - Mewar, East India and Kangra Prospects " Nur Jahan, and the Nur Jahan ‘Junta’ " Inland Trade " The Rebellions of Shah Jahan, and " Overseas Trade - Role of Foreign Trading the coup de main of Mahabat Khan " Companies - Position of Indian " Jahangir as a Ruler Merchants Over-land Trade

1 " The Mughal State and Commerce " Struggle for ‘New’ Wizarat: Zulfiqar Khan and Jahandar Shah (1712-13) " Trend of India’s Economy and Prospects during the First Half of the " The Saiyid Brothers’ Struggle for Eighteenth Century ‘New’ Wizarat " The Saiyid ‘New’ Wizarat 15. Religion, Fine Arts, Science and " The Wizarat of M. Amin Khan and Technology Nizam-ul-Mulk " Rise of Regional States, Beginning " Religion- Hindu Religion, Sikh Religion, Islam of Foreign Invasions of India (1725-48) " Fine Arts - Architecture, Painting, Language and Literature, Music 17. The Maratha Bid for Supremacy " Science and Technology " The Marathas and their Policy of Expansion 16. Northern India in the First Half of " The Marathas and Nizam-ul-Mulk the Eighteenth Century " The Maratha Advance into Gujarat and Malwa " Bahadur Shah I, and the Beginning of the Struggle " The Maratha Advance into Doab and Punjab: " For Wizarat - Rajput Affairs - Marathas and the " First Phase (1741-52); Second Phase (1752-61); " Deccan - Accentuation of the Party Struggle " Third Battle of Panipat MODERN HISTORY

1. Scenario before 1857 " Civil Disobedience Movement " Round table conference " Later Mughals " Poona pact " Regional powers in 18th Century " Government of India Act 1935 " The British conquest of India " Tripuri session – 1939 " The wars during British conquest of India " August offer " British Administration before 1857 " Individual Satyagarha 1940-41

2. Revolt of 1857 5. Towards achievement of freedom

" Indian National Movement (1858-1905) " Popular struggles in the princely states " Early Nationalists and Swadeshi Movement " 2nd World War and Nationalist response " Government of India Act 1909 " Home rule league movement 6. Partition of India " 3. The struggle for Swaraj Rise of Communalism " Wavell plan " Montague’s statement – Aug 1917 " Cabinet Mission Plan " Emergence of Gandhi – as a mass leader " Mountbatten plan " Khilafat & non-Cooperation Movement (NCM) 7. During the freedom struggle " Swaraj party " Revolutionary Terrorism phase II (1920’s) " Indian renaissance/socio-religious movement " Simon Commission and Nehru report " Civil Rebellions during British " Tribal movements during British period 4. Intimation of freedom " Peasant’s movement during British period

2 " Working class Movement (1850-1900) " Governor generals of India " Growth of communalism " Viceroys of India " Left and communist trends in " Important persons National Movement " Important news paper/journals " Press and education during British period " Congress sessions " Role of women in Freedom Struggle POST INDEPENDENCE INDIA

1. Re-organisation of states 6. Communalism & Social Consolidation " Constitutional provisions related to State formation " Secularism " Factors that lead to merger " Causes of Communalism in India " Accession of the princely states " Consequences of the communalism " Accession of States under France and social consolidation and Portuguese " Accession of Sikkim 7. Issue Of Linguistic Minorities " Rehabilitation of the Refugees " Federal crisis " Operational Inefficiency " Regional aspirations, insurgencies and " Government initiatives areas of tension " Accommodation and national integration 8. Overview Of Economic Development Since Independence 2. Linguistic Regionalism In India " Planning in India  Constitutional position and language policy 9. Agriculture  Language and regionalism  Recent controversy due to rise of Hindi " Industry " Service sector 3. Tribal Issue And Policy " Current challenges facing the Consolidation Indian economy " Agriculture " Issues & Present Status " Journey through Five Year Plans " Policy consolidation " Land Reforms " Post Green Revolution Agricultural Issues 4. Issue Of Women And Evolution Of " Agrarian Movements Women Movement " Achievements in Agriculture Since Independence " Issues & challenges " Recent Challenges " Women movements " Government policy response and legislation 10. Industry " Governmental schemes " Industrial development since independence 5. Problem Of Caste And Social " Public sector since independence Consolidation " Sectoral Development " Private Sector since Independence " Caste practices in India " Industrial Policy since Independence " Ambedkar Movement " " Constitutional provisions " Recent government initiatives for emancipation of Scheduled Castes 11. New Economic Policy " Issues of Manual Scavenging " Impact of New Economic Policy

3 12. Post Independence Policy Of Science " Science and Technology In And Technology Pre- Reform Period " Impact of Economic Reform on the Science and Technology in India: " India’s Policy in the Field of the Science and Technology " New Policy Initiatives in the S&T " Institutional Framework for Science " Agenda of the Skill Training and Technology Development

WORLD HISTORY

1. Beginning of Modern Age American Revolution? " Political Effects of the Revolution " Disintegration of the Feudal System " How did the American Revolution " Renaissance influence the French Revolution?  Humanism " US Civil War "  Art and Architecture Impact of Civil War on USA "  Literature Global Impact of US Civil War "  Science Impact on India  Reformation etc. 6. World War-I " Explorations, Discovery, Trade " " Colonization – Rise of Nation State Major causes of the war " " The English Revolution Course of the war " Analysis of major events of the war 2. French Revolution " Consequences of World War I " " Causes Aftermath of World War I " " The revolution in France League of Nations " France under Napoleon 7. Russian Revolution " Impact of revolution " " Significance of revolution Major events in pre-revolution Russia " Causes 3. Nationalism in Europe " Course of revolution " " Rise of the nation- state system Consequences " " Unification of Italy Aftermath of the war " " Unification of Germany Post-Lenin Russia

4. Colonialism and Imperialism 8. Inter-War Years (1919 To 1939) " Colonialism " The Great Depression " The age of Imperialism (1870-1914) " The Great Depression- an economic perspective " Imperialism in Asia " Rise of Fascism in Italy " Analysis of Colonialism " Rise of Nazism in Germany 5. Emergence of USA " Soviet Union (USSR)

" Foundation of American Colonies 9. World War- II " The Independence of United States of America " Foundations of the war " The American Revolutionary War " Course of the war " What was the impact of " Aftermath of war

4 " Analysis of the war Crisis (1962) " Decolonization phase 12. Post Cold-War World 10. Development In Middle East " Global issues since 1991 " Democratic reforms in Middle East " Integration of Europe " Arab nationalism " European integration- a timeline " Israel " Rise of global Islamic terrorism " Rise of China 11. Cold War 13. Communism, Socialism and Capitalism " Reasons " Development of Cold War (1945-1953) " Capitalism (concept, types and example) " To what extent was there a there thaw after 1953? " Communism (concept, types, example) " Nuclear Arms Race and the Cuban Missile " Relevance of capitalism in present era INDIAN CULTURE

1. Visual Art " Temples of " Vesara Style " Sculptures of Harappan Civilisation " Hoysala Style " Sculptures of Mauryan Age " Rashtrakuta Period " Post-Mauryan Period " Jain Sculptures 3. Indo-Islamic Architecture " Buddhist Sculpture " Imperial Style (Delhi Sultanat " Gupta Sculpture " Provincial Style " Medieval School of Sculpture " Mughal Style " Modern Indian Sculpture " Sikh Style of Architecture " 2. Architecture in Ancient India Rajput Architecture " Salient features " Harappan Period " Mauryan Architecture 4. Modern Architecture " Post-Mauryan Period  European Influence Gupta Period  Indo-Saracenic Architecture " Temples of Khajuraho  Post-Independence Period " Temples of Odisha " Temples of Gwalior 5. Indian Paintin " Temples of Gujarat " Tradition of Mural Paintin in India " Temples of Rajasthan " Tradition of Miniature Paintin in India " Temples of Bengal " Paintin in the Deccan " Temples of Assam " Rajput School of Painting " Temples of Himachal Pradesh " Pahari School of Painting " Temples of Jammu and Kashmir " Miniature Painting in South India " Pallava Period " Regional Paintin " Chola Period " Modern Paintin " Pandya Temples " Contemporary Paintin " Vijaynagar Period 6. Pottery Tradition in India " NayakaTemples

5 " Ochre:Coloured Pottery(OCP) " Jainism " Black and Red Ware (BRW) " Sikhism " Painted GreyWare (PGW) " Islam " Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) " Christianity " Glazed and Unglazed Pottery " Zoroastrianism " Judaism 7. Music in India " Philosophy in India " Main Pillars of Indian Music " Forms of Indian Music 14. Bhakti & Sufi Movements " Musical Instruments " Bhakti Movement " Institutions Related to Music " Vaishnava Acha:ryas:Metaphysical Foundatio " Other Saints of Bhakti Movement 8. Dances in India " Maharashtra Dharma " Concept of Dance in India " Sufism " Concept of Ashta Nayika " Eight Classical Dance Forms in India 15. Languages & Literature in India " Folk Dances " Sanskrit Literature " Modern Dances " Pali Literature " Prakrit Literature 9. Martial Arts in India " Tamil Literature " Genesis of Martial Arts " Telugu Literature " Forms of Traditional Martial Arts " Malayalam Literature " Kannada Literature 10. Indian Theatre " Odia Literature " Classical Sanskrit Theatre " Assamese Literature " Regional Theatre " Bengali Literature " Modern Theatre " Gujarati Literature " Renaissance of Indian Theatre " Rajasthani Literature " Punjabi Literature 11. Indian Puppetry " Marathi Literatur " String Puppets " Hindi Literature " Shadow Puppets " Persian Literature " Rod Puppets " Urdu Literature " Glove puppets 16. Miscellaneous Topics " Modern Puppetry " Tribal Puppetry " Indian Handicrafts " Indian Universities 12. Indian Cinema " Personalities Related to Culture " Cinema in India " Places of Cultural Interest " " History of Indian Cinema Fairs and Festivals in India " Cultural Institutions in India " Classification of Indian Cinema Film Music of India " Awards and Honours Associated with Culture " The Calendar 13. Religions in India " The Eras " Pre-Vedic Religon " Science and Technology in Ancient India " Hinduism " UNESCO’s List of Cultural Heritage in India " Buddhism " Legal Provisions Related to the Protection

6 and Promotion of Indian Culture  National Mission on Monuments and Heritage and Antiquities  National Mission on Manuscripts 17. Recent developments  National Mission on Libraries " Schemes for Cleanliness of Tourist Places  Gandhi Heritage Sites Mission  Swachh Bharat - Swachh Smarak " International Initiatives for Cultural Development and Recognition  Swachh Bharat - Swachh Pakwan (Hunar Zaika)  Project Mausam  ‘Swachh Bharat - Swachh Paryatan’  International Buddhist Conclave  Swatchh Smarak Swatchh Bharat’ app  World’s Heritage " National Tourism Policy, 2015  UNESCO inscribes Yoga in the representative list of Intangible Cultural " Schemes for Development of Cultural Heritage Heritage of Humanity   Sanskriti App UNESCO Creative Cities Network   Cultural Mapping of India UNESCO Global Geopark " National Virtual Library of India  Cultural Heritage Youth Leadership Programme  Animal Sports in India  Preservation of Cultural Heritage  Jallikattu of Himalayas  Kambala  Nearly 100 Monuments Identified  for Portal on “Must-See Monuments Bulbul Fight  " Schemes for Monument Development Bullock Cart Racing "  HRIDAY GI Tag   SWADESH DARSHAN Definition:  GI vs. Trademark  PRASAD SCHEME  Rights under GI  Adarsh Smarak Yojana  Famous Goods  Monuments of National importance  Latest addition " Cultural Scheme Monitoring System " Festivals in News " Schemes for promotion of Culture "  International Yoga Day Culture Ministry To Grade Artists, Writers For Selection Process " Rashtriya Ekta Diwas  Schemes for Serious Literature " Buddhist Circuit and Litterateurs

7 Remarks

8 Geography

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

" 1. Geomorphology Geology  Minerals  " The origin of the Earth Major Elements of the Earth’s Crust

 Early Theories Minerals – Feldspar , Quartz, Pyroxene Amphibole , Mica , Olivine  Modern Theories – BBT Physical Characteristics–Crystal  Star Formation Form, Cleavage Fracture, Lusture, Color, Streak  Formation of Planets  Transparency, Structure, Hardness, Solar System Specific Gravity " The Evolution of the Earth Metallic minerals – precious Ferrous ,  Layered Structure (5 layers) Non Ferrous  Evolution of Lithosphere Non-metallic Minerals – Sulphur, Phosphates, Cement  Evolution of Atmosphere  Rocks (Aggregate of Minerals)  Evolution of Hydrosphere Petrology " Geological History of the Earth Rocks & landforms " Earth Rocks & Soils  Latitude and Longitude including 3 Family of Rocks important Parallels and Meridians  Igneous  Motions of the Earth - Rotation,  Revolution and their effects Sedimentary  Metamorphic  Inclination of the Earth’s Axis and its effects Rock Cycle "  Local and Standard Time and Earthquakes the International Date Line, Calendar  Waves: P,S, Body , Surface ,  Eclipses - Solar, Lunar  Shadow Zone " Origin of Life  Types of Earthquakes " Geological Time Scale  Effects  " Interior of the Earth Frequency  Locating an Epicentre  Sources of Information " Volcano Direct  Types Indirect - Earth Quake Waves Shield Volcanoes Composite  Crust Caldera  Mantle Flood Basalt  Core

9 Mid Ocean Ridge  Major Plate  Landforms (intrusive)  Minor Plates Batholiths Plate Boundaries Lacoliths  Divergent Lapoliths  Convergent Phacoliths  Transform Sills Rates of Plate Movements Dykes Force of plate movements " Geomorphic Processes Indian Plate   Earth’s Surface Movement from 71mnyrs ago till Today Exogenic Forces " Landforms and their Evolution Endogenic Forces  Causes Gradation , Degradation & Agradation Geomorphic Processes  Geomorphic Process Agents Endogenic Process  Geomorphic Agents  Diastrophism Erosional or Destructional  Orogenic Depositional or Constructional  Epierogenic  Agents and their Impacts  Earthquakes  Wind , Running Water , Plate movements Ground Water , Glaciers ,  Volcanism Waves & Currents Exogenic Forces  Winds  Denudation Processes One of the Two dominant agents in Hot deserts  Weathering Cause – Deflation Abrasion Impact  Mass movements Erosional landforms  Erosion Transportation & Deposition  Pediments and Pedi plains " Distribution of Continents & Oceans  Playas  Theories  Deflation Hollows and Caves

Continental Drift Theory  Mushroom , Table & Pedestal Rocks  Alfred Wegner 1912 Depositional Landforms  Pangea , Panthalasa  Barchans  Laurasia , Gondwanaland  Seif Evidence in support of Continental Drift Theory  Parabolic  Jiaw Fit  Transverse  Rocks of Same age across oceans  Longitudinal  Tillite  Running Water  Placer Deposits Humid Regions  Distribution of Fossils 2 Components Forces of Drifting  Overland Flow – Sheet  Pole Fleeing Force  Linear Flow – Strems  Tidal Force Stages Post Drift Studies  Youth Mature Old  Convectional Current Theory Erosional Landforms  Mapping of the Ocean Floor  Valleys  Continents – plate Tectonics  Rills Lithospheric Plates  Gullies

10  Valleys – V Shape ,  Caves Gorge(Hard Rocks) , Canyon  (Sedimentary) Stacks

 Potholes & Plunge pools Depositional Landforms   Incised or entrenched meanders Beaches and Dunes   River Terraces – paired & unpaired Bars Barriers Spits  Depositional Landforms Weathering

 Alluvial Fans Weather over Earth Materials

 Delta Factors  Geological  Fllod Plains , Natural Levees, Point Bars  Climatic  Meansders , Slip off bank ,  Topograhic Under cut bank  Vegetative  Oxbow lake Major Processes  Braided Channels  Chemical  Ground Water (Karst Topography)  Physical or Mechanical Permeable Rocks  Biological  Percolation Chemical – Forces Chemical Action  Bedding Plains  Solution Limestone and Dolomite Regions  Carbonation  Balkans , Adjacent to  Adriatic regions Hydration  Erosional Landforms Oxidation & Reduction

 Pools-Swallow Hole, Valley Sinks Physical Forces Gravitational , (Uvalas), Sinkholes, Collapse sinks Expansion , Water Pressure (Dolines), Lapies, Ridges ,  Unloading & Expansion Limestone Pavements  Temperature changes  Caves – Altering bed of Rocks and Expansion (Shale sandstone quartzite), Caves and Tunnels  Freezing , Thawing , & Frost Wedging Depositional landforms  Salt Weathering  Stalactites Biological Weathering  Stalagmites  Burrowing  Pillar Columns  Wedging  Glaciers  Plant Roots Erosional Landforms  Effects of Weathering  Cirque of Tarn Lakes  Exfoliation(Flaking)– Exfoliation  Hors and Serrated Regions – Arete Domes , Tors

 Glacial Valleys / Troughs – Fiords Significance of Weathering  Depositional Landforms Soil Formation   Glacial Tills Biomes and Biodiversity   Moraines Leaching / Enrichment   Eskers Mass Movements

 Outwash Planes Activating causes

 Drumlins Forms of movement – Heave Flow Slide  Waves and Currents 3 major Groups – Slow Movement , High Rocky Coasts & Low Rapid Movements , land Slides Sedimentary Coasts " Landforms across the world: Erosional Landforms  Rivers and lakes  Clifs  Mountain and Peaks  Terraces

11  Plateaus  Factors affecting the velocity and direction of the WIND 2. Climatology Pressure Gradient Force Frictional Force " Composition Coriolis Force  Gases Pressure and Wind ( Cyclonic &  Water Vapour Anticyclone Circulation) "  General Circulation of the Atmosphere – Dust Particles Pattern of Planetary Winds " Structure  Latitudanal Variation of  Exosphere Atmospheric Heating   Thermosphere Emergence of Pressure Belts   Mesosphere Migration of Belts Following apparent Path of Sun  Stratosphere  Distribution of continents & Oceans  Troposphere  Rotation of the Earth  Altitude vs Temperature " Circulation " Solar Radiation Heat  Simplified Global Circulation – Hadley Balance Temperature Cell, Ferrel Cell  Insolation  Seasonal Wind  Aphelion and Perihelion  Local Wind  Variability of Insolation at the surface  Land and Sea Breezes of the Earth  Mountain and Vally winds Day Season Year  AIR MASS – fronts Rotation on Axis , Angle of  Inclination of sun rays , Length of the day Extra Tropical Cyclone  Transparency of Atmosphere, Thunderstorms configuration of land in terms of its aspect.  Tornadoes " Heat Balance " Water in the Atmosphere  Heating and cooling of atmosphere  Water Vapour

Conduction  Precipitation

Convection  Humidity – Absolute and Relative

Advection  Saturation – Dew Point  Terrestrial Radiation  Evaporation and Condensation  Heat Budget of the Planet Earth Dew  Macro Budget Frost Albedo Fog & Mist Shortwave Radiation  Clouds Long wave Earth Radiation Types – Cirrus Cumulus  Variation in the net Heat Budget at Stratus Nimbus the Earth’s Surface

" High – Cirrus Cirrostratus Temperature Cirrocumulus  Factors controlling T distribution Middle – Altostratus Altocumulus  Distribution of T Month of January-July Low – Stratocumulus Nimbostratus  Range of T Month of January-July Vertical Development – Cumulus  Inversion of Temperature and Cumulonimbus " Atmospheric Circulation and Weather  Precipitation Systems Rainfall Snowfall Sleet Hail Hailstones  Atmospheric Pressure  Types of Rainfall  Vertical variation of pressure Conventional  Horizontal distribution of pressue Orographic  World Distribution of Sea Level Pressure Cyclonic

12  World Distribution of Rainfall Horizontal & Vertical Distribution " World Climate  Thermocline   The Hot, Wet Equatorial Climate 3 layers  Salinity of the Ocean Water  The Tropical Monsoon and Tropical Marine Climates Factors affecting salinity  The Savanna or Sudan Climate  Evaporation and precipitation  The Hot Desert and Mid-Latitude  Fresh water flow from rivers Desert Climates  Wing  The Warm Temperate Western Margin (Mediterranean) Climate  Ocean currents

 The Temperate Continental (Steppe) Horizontals distribution of sailinity Climate Vertical Distribution of salinity  The Warm Temperate Eastern Margin  Density of Ocean Waters (China Type) Climate " Movements of ocean Water  The Cool Temperate Western Margin (British Type) Climate  Factors influencing Movement  The Cool Temperate Continental Temperature (Siberian) Climate Salinity  The Cool Temperate Eastern Margin (Lauren-tian) Climate Density  The Arctic or Polar Climate Sun MOON WINDS  Motion – Horizontal & Vertical Currents 3. Oceanography  Waves Motion of waves and water molecules " Water on the Surface of the Earth Characteristics Of WAVE  Hydrological Cycle  Crest and Trough Component  Height Processes  Amplitude " Oceans  Period  Relief of the Ocean floor  Length  4 divisions of the ocean floor  Speed Continental Shelf  Frequency Continental Slope  Tides

Deep sea plain  Relation between Gravitional Forces Oceanic deep and Trenches and Tides

 Minor relief features Tidal currents

Mid oceanic ridges Types of Tides  Seamount Based on Frequency – Semi Diurnal , Diurnal , mixed Submarine canyons  Based on SME position – spring Guy outs and Neap Tides Atoll Importance of Tides  Temperature of the Ocean Water  Ocean Currents Vertical Influenced by 2 forces

Spatial Primary Force that initiates the movement Factors affecting Temperature distribution  Heating of solar energy  Latitude  Wind  Gravity  Unequal distrivution of land & Water  Coriolis force  Prevailing wind Secondary force that influence the currents to flow  Ocean Currents

13 Characteristic – Drift – 5 knots  Types of natural vegetation Types of ocean curents  Forests  Surface currents &Deep water  Significance of forests currents based on Depth Economic significance,  Cold and Warm Currents based Ecological significance on Temperature

Major Ocean currents of the World Cultural significance  Effects of Ocean Currents Factors of forest development  Extent of forest cover 4. Water Resource  Classification of forests Grasslands " Underground water resource

" Surface water resources Desert vegetation Tundra Vegetation " Inland water resources: Utilization of inland water resources by ma  Economic utilization of forests " Oceanic water resources: Main features  Deforestation of ocean

" Utilization of oceans by man Deforestation in tropical forests

" Water consumption patterns Deforestation in temperate forests " Water pollution Rate and extent of deforestation " Conservation of water resources Causes and factors of deforestation: Immediate causes of " Techniques of water conservation deforestation 5. Biogeography Indirect deforestation Underlying causes of deforestation " Soil  Conservation of forests  Soil Characteristics Forest conservation strategies  Factors Responsible for Soil Formation Reforestation  Stages of Soil Formation Monoculture plantation  Soil Forming Processes Afforestation  Soil Profiles and Horizons   Soil Classification Types of forestry

 Soil Erosion and Conservation Social forestry " Vegetation resources Agro-forestry

HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

1. Demography " Pattern of population density " Population increase (growth) in the world " Concept of human resources " Causes of rapid increase in population " Population distribution " Present trend " Factors of population distribution— " Future projections Physical factors " Determinants of population growth " Socio-cultural factors " Natural increase " Demographic factors " Characteristics of population " World population distribution  Age composition  Ecumene  Population pyramids  Non-ecumene  Sex composition " Continent-wise distribution of population  Literacy " Density of population

14 " Theories of population growth " Migration  Malthusian theory " Displacement  Marxian theory " Importance of the Rehabilitation Policy  Demographic transition theory " Urban settlements: types " Optimum population " Urbanisation process in India.  Over-population " Morphology of urban settlements  Under-population " Town planning and patterns of " Population problems rural settlement " Settlement types of the world  Population problems of developing countries " Migration: Push factors and pull factors  Population problems of " Emigration during colonial, developed countries post-independent and post-liberalisation period  Population dilemma of Europe " Internal versus world migration " Population Policies: of China, of India " Functional classification of cities " Various types of rural settlements " Difference between boundaries " Relationship between house types and frontiers, their classification with relief, climate and building materials " Rural urban fringe characteristics, advantages, problems 2. Urbanization " National urbanisation policy " Principles of urban planning " Basic Feature and Pattern’s of India’s Urbanization " Land cover transformation " Issues of Urbanization in India " Factors affecting rural settlements, their types and patterns  Rural Urban Migration "  Emergence of Slums Cities – hierarchical classification, morphological classification  Urban Transport  Waste Disposal 3. Census  Water Supply, Drainage and Sanitation "  Electronic Waste Literacy "  Urban Poverty Sex ratio " Family Planning  Real Estate (Regulation & Development) Bill, 2013 " Old Age " Way Forward to Tackle Issues Related " Age Structure to Urbanization " Density  Inclusive Cities/Smart cities " Population growth  Recent government programmes: AMRUT " Census terminology ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

1. Agriculture  Performance of the agriculture sector  Types of farming in India " Land resource  Dry zone farming  Land-use  Organic farming  Land capability classification  Cropping seasons in India  Causes of Land Degradation  Cropping Pattern in India  Impact of Land Degradation  Agriculture regionalization  Steps taken by GOI  Infrastructure factors: Seeds;  Sustainable Land Management Fertilizers; Irrigation " Basic terms related to Agriculture  Land use pattern in India

15  Institutional Factors as land reform  International trade  Horticulture sector in India Cocoa  Agricultural revolutions  Conditions of growth  Agricultural labours  Production pattern  Price Policy for Agriculture  International trade  Agricultural marketing   Agricultural Insurance Conditions of growth  Agricultural Census Production pattern  Major schemes in agricultural sector International trade  National Policy for farmers  Fibre Crops  Impact of climate change on agriculture Cotton  What is sustainable agriculture?  Varieties of cotton  Use of IT in agriculture  Conditions of growth  Agriculture Issues and Challenges  Production pattern " Productivity of Crops and conditions for  International trade growth Jute  Wheat  Conditions of growth Conditions of growth  Production pattern Varieties  International trade Types of cultivation  Substitutes of Jute: Flax, Hemp Production pattern  Abaca, Henequeno International trade  Sisal  Rice Raw Silk Conditions of growth  Production pattern Varieties  International trade Methods of cultivation Natural Rubber Production pattern  Other sources of rubber International trade  Plantations in South-east Asia  Maize (Corn)  Production pattern Conditions of growth  International trade Production pattern Sugarcane International trade  Conditions of growth  Barley  Production pattern Conditions of growth  International trade Production pattern  Sugarbeet—Conditions of growth International trade  Production pattern  Oats  Sugar industry  Rye  Sugar consumption  Beverages  International trade Tea  Condition of growth 2. Mineral resource  Production pattern "  International trade Types of minerals: Metallic minerals " Coffee Non-metallic mineral "  Types of coffee Distribution of minerals and mining regions "  Conditions of growth Distribution, production and international trade of Metallic minerals:  Production pattern Ferrous metals: Iron ore

16 " Ferro-alloys and non-ferrous hydro-electricity  " Manganese Distribution of potential hydro-power  " Chromium Hydro-electric power generation " " Nickel Atomic (nuclear) energy  " Tunten Atomic :source minerals: Uranium  " Antimony World distribution of uranium  " Copper Production of uranium  " Bauxite and Aluminium Thorium  " Zinc; Lead Production of atomic (nuclear) energy  " Tin Nuclear energy: the energy of future " " Precious metals: Gold Alternative (non-conventional) sources of energy " Silver  Solar energy " Platinum  Wind energy " Mineral chemicals  Geothermal power  Mica  Tidal energy  Potash  Wave energy  Phosphate  Biomass energy  Nitrates " Alternate Energy Sources  Sulphur  Hydrogen as a Fuel for Future or " Conservation of mineral resources Hydrogen as an Alternative Energy Source  Microbial Fuel Cell 3. Energy resources  Energy Context with Respect to Indian Scenario " Classification of energy  Energy Plantation " Production of conventional energy " Energy crisis " General trends of energy production and consumption 4. Industry " Reserves and sources of energy " Coal " Industrial development  Nature and origin of coal " Iron And Steel Industry  Constituents and kinds of coal  Process of iron and steel production  Coal fields and coal production  Location of iron and steel industry  By products of coal  Early localization  Conservation of Coal Petroleum  Development of iron manufacture " Petroleum  Distribution of iron and steel industry  Nature and properties of petroleum  Global steel production  Origin and recovery  International trade  Exploration  Growth potential of the steel industry  Petroleum refining " Textile Industry  Petroleum reserves  Cotton textile industry: Location of the industry  Producing areas  Recent trends in localization  Consumption of petroleum  Distribution and production of  International trade cotton textiles  OPEC and its role in oil trade  Woollen textile industry: Location " Natural gas: Reserves and Production of the industry " Hydro-electricity  Silk textile industry: Raw silk manufacture  Advantages of hydro-electricity  Silk textile manufacturing  Ideal conditions for generation of  Synthetic (artificial) silk industry:

17 Distribution of man-made fibre and fabrics.  Synthetic rubber industry " Engineering Industries  Pulp and paper industry: Essential  Machine tools and machines: conditions for pulp production Areas of production  Production of paper and paper board  Industrial machinery: Textile machinery  Newsprint  Other industrial machinery  International trade  Agricultural machinery  Salient features of pulp and " Manufacturing of transport equipment paper industry  Automobile industry " Cement industry  Railway car and locomotive industry  Distribution of cement industry  Shipbuilding  Recent trends: Main global competitors  Recent trends " Petroleum refining industry: Localization  Aircrafts industry  Site selection of petroleum refineries " Chemical Industry  History of oil refineries   Classes of chemicals: Branches of World pattern of oil refining chemical industry  Petroleum products  Heavy chemical industry " Industrial Regions  Production of acids and alkalies  Characteristics of industrial regions  Rise of chemical industry  Delimitation of an industrial region  Fertilizer industry: Nitrogen fertilizers  Principal industrial regions of the world  Phosphate fertilizers  Industrial regions of Anglo America-USA,  Potash fertilizers Canada, Western Europeand Central Britain, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, France, Italy,  Explosives Eastern Europe, Poland, Former USSR  Glass industry: Production of glass  Eastern Asia—Japan, China, the " Agro-industries ‘Dragons’, India, High tech patterns.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

1. Recent developments in Transport " Green corridor concept Sector " Made in India ‘Medha’ train " Antyodaya Express " Long term irrigation fund " Station Redevelopment Project " Sports Sector Gets the Infrastructure Status " Smart Railway Station " Railways India Development Fund " Yatri Mitra Seva " National Infrastructure Investment Fund " National Highways Interconnectivity " Defence Innovation Fund " Vehicle Fleet Modernization Programme " Merger of Railway Budget with " Transit Oriented Development Policy General Budget " " Logistic Efficiency Enhancement Programme Non-Fare Revenue Policies in Indian Railways " Indian Bridge Management System " Rail Safety Fund " Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism (LWE) Affected Areas " Flexi Fare Method in Railway " North East Road Network " Rail Cadre Management Connectivity Project " TRI-NETRA IN RAILWAYS " TIR Convention " National Rail Plan 2030 " National Road Safety Policy " Draft Policy on Suburban Tracks " Sagarmala " India’s First Caterpillar Train " Urja Ganga Gas Line Project " Mission 41k " TARANG

18 " E-trans " Digitization and Agriculture " DEEP (Discovery of Efficient Electricity Price) " Direct Benefit Transfer in Fertilized Sector " GARV II APP " Aquaponic Farm " Trading of Energy Saving Certificates " Gift Milk Scheme " 24X7 POWERS FOR ALL " Draft Regulation on Fortification of Foods " Draft National Electricity Plan " Law Commission Recommendation on Food Laws " Habitat Commitment Index " Concept of Modern Terminal Markets " Airsewa Portal " Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries 2. Recent developments in Industrial  e-Pashuhaat Portal Sector  Schemes of Bio-Tech Kisan and Cattle Genomics " Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor  Rashtriya Gokul Mission " Amritsar-Kolkata corridor  Mission Fingerling " Chennai-Bangalore Industrial Corridor " Terms in Brief " Bengaluru-Mumbai Economic Corridor  Krishi Puruskar for Small Farmers " Visakhapatnam-Chennai Industrial Corridor  Ornamental Fishing " East Coast Economic Corridor  Agricultural Science Congress " Apex Corridor Developmental Authority  RubSiS " Star Rating of Mines  Ethanol Blending " TAMRA PORTAL  National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources " Mining Surveillance System  Amendments to the NABARD Act, 1981 " COAL MITRA  " Revenue Insurance Scheme for M-SIPS for Electronic Sector Plantation Crops " Real Estate (Regulation and Development)  Best Horticulture Award Act or RERA  Neem Coating of Urea " Indian Enterprise Development Service " " Trade Receivables Discounting System " Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana " SME Business Environment Index " ‘Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana " Medipark " PM Krishi Sinchai Yojana " ZED Scheme " National Agriculture Market " Startup Mentorship Circle " FAME 4. Places in news

3. Recent developments in agriculture " Majuli Island field " Ashalim Project " Loktak Lake " AADHAR Based Biometric Authentication in PDS: Pros and Cons " Barren Island " Volatility in Pulse Prices " Rio de Janeiro  Arvind Subramanian Committee " Gotthard Base Tunnel on Pulse Crises " Panama Canal  Government Raises Buffer " Stock of Pulses Akodara " Genetic Garden of Halophytes  PUSA Arhar 16 to Bridge the Demand-Supply Gap " Maharashtra " Agro Irradiation Centers " Morocco " Options Trading in Agricultural Produce " Sankhuwasabha " Agricultural Marketing and Farm Friendly " Andhra Pradesh Reforms Index " Hambantota Port " National Food Security Act

19 " Tirunelveli " Indus basin: Shahpur Kandi Dam Project " Palmyra " Ghatampur Thermal Power Project " Sabarimala Circuit " Deepest Rail Project " Libya, Sudan, Somalia, Syria, Iraq, " Lost Continent Yemen and Iran " Zealandia " Tembhli " World’s First Polluted River " Mahanadi and Tributaries Discovered By Scientists " Agartala Rail Link " Pre-historic camping site found in Ladakh " Mekadatu Project on Kaveri " Report on Palaeo Channel of North " Yettinahole Project West India " Country’s first Water Metro Project " Cyclones in News Remarks

20 Indian Society Features & Social Justice

INDIAN SOCIETY

" 1. Salient features of Indian society Government’s initiatives and the five year plans " Features of Indian society " Role of civil society organizations " Changes within Indian society and their repercussions 5. Effects of globalization on Indian " Causes of changes society " Indian society today " What is the meaning of globalization " Kinds of impact of globalization 2. Diversity of India –economic, political, developmental and socio-cultural " What is diversity? " Is the impact solely positive or negative " Types of diversities in India " Can diversity be equated with difference? 6. Social empowerment " The unity in diversity- a reality or a chimera " Meaning and concept of " Some examples social empowerment " Manner of reconciliation " Why do we need social empowerment? " Specific sections for whom 3. Role of women’s organizations social empowerment is the life blood " Social empowerment through the " Women’s organizations in Indian history five year plans " Types of women’s organizations " Government’s initiatives for empowerment " Level of penetration " Empowerment in reality and India’s experience " Women’s organization – a ray of hope few case studies " Other approaches /players/tools for social empowerment and some " Problems faced by women’s organizations case studies on the same " Is a larger vocal role possible and ways to achieve the same 7. Communalism " Role of SH, Micro finance Institutions " Meaning and concept of communalism 4. Poverty and development issues " Historicity of communalism " Recent incidents " Poverty " Role of third parties in inciting/ " Concept of development perpetrating communalism " Sen vs Bhagwati model " Communalism under the law " Crisis of development " Can communalism eradicated from " Certain case studies the Indian society completely

21 8. Secularism 9. Regionalism

" Meaning and concept of secularism " Meaning and concept of regionalism " Secularism through the vantage point of Indian Constitution " Theories on regionalism " Comparisons of models Indian & Western " Regionalism in its various manifestations " Gandhi ji on religion " Indian philosophy on secularism " Role of various players " Threats on the secular spirit " Recent incidents causing a wave of flurry " Is the Indian democracy mature enough to handle the gravity of secularism " Possible ways to tackle the same

SOCIAL JUSTICE

1. Welfare schemes for vulnerable " Reforms needed sections of the population by the " SD and India Centre and States 3. Issues relating to poverty and hunger " Constitutional arrangement " Women welfare " Poverty definition by different committees " Child welfare " Poverty data in India " SC/ST welfare " Causes of poverty " OBC welfare " Poverty and unemployment " Minorities welfare " Poverty and social conflict " Old age welfare " Impact of LPG on poverty " Legislations " Linkage between poverty and development " Issues " Rural poverty " Reforms needed " Urban poverty " Feminization of poverty 2. Services relating to Health, Education, " Poverty alleviation measures Human Resources " Problems in implementation of " Education structure in India Poverty alleviation programmes " Primary, secondary and higher education " Poverty and Hunger " Initiatives taken by GOI in education " Food security programmes and issues " Issues " Hunger and health " Reforms needed " Impact of hunger and poverty on economic development of the nation " Recommendations of committees " " Controversy related to poverty Future prospects in education sector data estimation " Skill development " Health indicators 4. The Scheduled And Tribal Areas " Health structure in India " 5th Schedule Areas " Private and Public health structure " 6th Schedule Areas " Issues " Composition of autonomous councils " Reforms needed " Role and functions of councils " NITI Aayog Report " Role of Governor with respect to tribal areas " Economic development and human development " Tribal sub plan

22 WELFARE SCHEMES

" 1. Start-up and Skill Development " NFHS-4 survey " Start Up India Scheme " Stand up India Scheme 4. Education " National Student Startup Policy " Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat " National Skill Development Mission " Mid Day Meal Scheme " Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana " Ishan Uday " Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana " " GIAN (Global Initiative of Academic Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Networks) Kaushalya Yojana " Rashtriya Avishkar Abhiyan " Skill Development Initiative Scheme " " SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active - Self-Employment & Talent Utilisation (SETU) Learning for Young Aspiring Minds) " Atal Innovation Mission 5. Rural & Urban Development 2. Vulnerable Sector " Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana " Social Security " Gram Uday Se Bharat Uday Abhiyan " " Shyama Prasad Mukharjee Rurban Mission " Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana " Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana " Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana " Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana " Minorities " Swachch Bharat Abhiyan " Nai Roshni Scheme " Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana- Gramin " USTAAD Scheme (Upgrading the Skills " Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Urban and Training in Traditional Arts/Crafts for Development) " Housing for all by 2022 " Nai Manzil Scheme " " Women and Child Development " Hriday - National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana " Beti Bachao Beti Padhao " " Amrut (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana and Urban Transformation) " Digital Gudda Guddi Board " Sabla 6. Miscellaneous Schemes " Ujjawala Scheme " Jeevan Praman " Janani Suraksha Yojana " Digilocker " Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram " Bharatnet Project " SC/ST (National Optical Fibre Network) " Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana " INSPIRE (Innovation in Science Pursuit " Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana for Inspired Research) " SAKAAR " Disability " " Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan) " Namami Gange Project (Integrated Ganga Conservation Mission Project) " 3. Health Ganga Gram Yojana " Jal Kranti Abhiyan " " " National Ayush Mission " One Rank One Pension Scheme " Swasthya Rakshan Program " PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation) " Jan Aushadhi Scheme " Indian Community Welfare Fund (ICWF)

23 " 7. Inclusive growth ‘Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2016’ " ‘Child Labor (Prohibition and Amendment) " Measurement criteria Bill, 2016’ " Government initiatives for inclusive growth " Maternity Benefit Bill, 2016 " " Basic Amenities: Housing/Drinking Pre-Conception & Pre-Natal Waters/ Sanitations Diagnostic Techniques (PNDT) Act " Sustainable Development " Mental Health Care Bill, 2013 " Protection of Children from Sexual 8. Rural Development Offenses (POCSO) " Anti Trafficking Bill with Stringent Penalty " Rural development and poverty alleviation " HIV and AIDS (Prevention and Control) " Review of the Existing Programmes Bill-2014 - Amendments " " Development Administration Domestic Violence Act, 2005 - SC Widens Ambit " Panchayati Raj " Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014 " Agriculture and Rural Development with more Benefits " Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) 9. Social Sector Bills Bill 2016 " The Scheduled Castes and the " The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) of Children) Act Amendment Act SOCIAL ISSUES IN NEWS

1. Secularism, Regionalism & " Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Communalism " Issue of malnutrition in India " Amendments proposed in Child Labour Act " Secularism and Anti-Conversion " Plight of street children " Regionalism: Demand for smaller states " Adoption Regulations, 2017 " Repercussions of making Hindi compulsory " National Child Policy " Socio-Economic Caste Census, 2011 " Out of school children: Issues and Steps needed 2. Issues related to Women " Cradle Baby Scheme " " Maternity benefit Amendment Bill Juvenile Justice System " " Altruistic surrogacy in India Child Marriages In India " " Status of widows Draft bill on child abduction " " Acid Attacks National Action Plan for Children, 2016 " " SC banned Women Sterilization in India Report on the Protection of Children (Inter- Country Removal and Retention) Bill, 2016 " Issue of Sex ratio " Issue of Triple Talaq 4. Social issues " Female Foeticide and Infanticide " " Reservation for Women in Legislature Social stigma attached with HIV " " Women in Combat Duties Issues related to Transgender and Transgender Persons Bill, 2015 " Women in panchayats " Euthanasia Issue: An Analysis " Women participation in Economy " Right to Privacy and " Challenges faced by Working Women " Mental Health Care Bill " Draft National Policy for Women, 2016 " Anti-Trafficking Bill, 2016 " Challenge of ageing with dignity 3. Issues related to Children " Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act

24 " Maintenance of Welfare of Parents " New Health Policy, 2017 and Senior Citizens Act " Technology Adaptation in Health Care " Manual Scavenging " Food Fortification " Mob lynching and Rule of Law " Issue related to Undertrials 6. Government initiatives in social " Issues related to Sanitation sector " Sharp reality of displacement " Progress Panchayat initiative " Moral policing " National Sex Offender Registry " Income inequality in India " Slum Re-development " Forest Rights Act: Analysis " Issue of farmer suicide in India " 5. Health & Education Anthropological Survey of India " National Commission for Socially " Issue of poor infrastructure in schools and Educationally Backward Classes " No Detention Policy " T.V.S.N. Prasad Report On Pellet Guns " New Policy on Education " Uniform Civil Code " Lancent Report on Healthcare spending " Concept of Open Prison Remarks

25 Polity & Governance

POLITY

" 1. Historical Evolution & Features Concept of dual citizenship " Citizenship provisions in J&K " Importance of Constitution " " Historical evolution of the Constitution Special privileges enjoyed by citizZens in India " Constituent Assembly " Objectives of the Constitution 4. Fundamental Rights " Salient features of Indian Constitution " Unitary features " Significance of Fundamental Rights " Federal features " Right to Equality " Parliamentary form of government " Right to Freedom " Presidential form of government " Right against Exploitation " Parliamentary vs. Presidential " Right to Freedom of Religion system of government " Cultural and Educational Rights " 2. Preamble Right to Constitutional Remedies " Difference between procedure established by law and due process of law " Preamble " Writs and their uses  Basic features " Restrictive limitations on fundamental rights  Value premises of constitution  Terminologies as: 5. DPSP Democratic

Sovereign " Basic features

Socialist " Directives

Secular " Economic and Social DPSP

Republic " Gandhian DPSP

Justice " Administrative DPSP

Equality " DPSP related to International Peace

Liberty " Implementation of DPSP Fraternity " Fundamental Rights and the Integrity Directive Principles of State Policy Controversy 3. Citizenship 6. Fundamental Duties " Basic constitutional features " Features " Methodology of getting citizenship " Link of Fundamental Rights and " Modes of Losing the Citizenship of India

26 Fundamental Duties 12. Issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure 7. Other Principles " Administrative relations " Process of law making in India " Legislative relations " Role of Constitutional and extra constitutional bodies in law making " Financial relations " Basic structure: How it evolves? " Misuse of Article 356 " " Different types of majorities required Issues related to concurrent list in Indian Constitution " Issues related to appointment of Governor " DPSP Fundamental Rights " Issues related to state formation " Doctrines Terminologies " Poor devolution of finances " Reserving bill for Presidential approval 8. Separation of Powers " Central sponsored schemes and issues " Special package for different states " Features in American and UK Constitution " " Issues between Centre and State Checks and balances provisions after 1990 reforms in Indian Constitution " " Foreign policy and Centre and Judicial Review State Relations " Concept of Separation of Powers 13. The President 9. Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of " Importance of President other countries " Qualification " Election procedure " It should cover Comparison of USA, UK, " India and neighbours Advantages and disadvantages of single transferable form of voting " Presidents’ Term of Office and emoluments 10. Union & States " Executive Powers " Legislative Powers " State Reorganization Commission (brief) " Emergency Powers " Components of Indian territory " Financial Powers " Process of formation of new states " Miscellaneous powers " Zonal Councils " Judicial powers " Union territories " Presidents Impeachment " Special provisions for states " President as nominal head " Issues 11. Functions and responsibilities of the  Ordinance making power Union and the States  Passage of bills " " Regulating functions of Government Misuse of emergency provisions  " Development functions of government Pardon power  " Service providing functions of government Coalition government " Problems in implementation 14. Vice President " Recommendations for improvement " Interrelationship between union, state " and local government in implementation Office of the Vice-President of roles " Functions " Constitutional provisions related to financial devolution 15. Prime Minister " Issues of financial devolution

27 " Appointment of PM  Independence of Supreme Court " Functions of PM  Jurisdiction of SC " Role of PM with respect to  Judicial Review  CoM " High Court  President  Composition  Lok Sabha  Terms and removal  Political Party  Jurisdiction  Coalition Government  Other powers  Lower judiciary 16. Council of Ministers  Appointment  Powers " Division of CoM " " The role of the Supreme Court of India Role of CoM as guardian of the Constitution and " Role of Cabinet protector of Fundamental Rights " Responsibilities of the Ministers " Judicial Review " PIL 17. Attorney General of India " Judicial Activism " Judiciary appointment " Qualification " Collegiums System " Functions " NJAC Controversy " Powers with respect to parliament " National Court of Appeal " Judicial Accountability 18. Parliament " Issues of corruption in judiciary " Composition of 20. Ministries and Departments of the " Composition of Lok Sabha Government " Composition of Legislative assembly and Legislative Council " Functioning of Ministries " Qualification and disqualification " Central Secretariat of MPs and MLAs " Cabinet Secretary " Vacation of seats " Field organizations " Sessions of parliament " Reforms needed " Law making procedure " " Officers of Parliament and state legislature International methodology " Parliament Proceedin 21. Panchayats " Motions and resolutions in Parliament " Powers and Privileges " Provisions of 73rd AA and 74th AA " Financial proceedin " Role and functions of different tiers " Comparison of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha " Municipal Corporations " Comparison of Legislative assembly " and council Municipal Councils " Women reservation in Parliament and issues " Nagar Panchayats " Lowering of Parliamentary powers " The steps taken towards women’s empowerment " Parliamentary committees and their working " Role of State Election commission " Judicial activism and Parliament " " Delegated legislation and issues Role of State Finance Commission " Smart City Mission & Municipal Governance 19. The Union Judiciary 22. Dispute redressal mechanisms and " Integrated judicial system institutions " Supreme Court " What is Dispute redressal mechanism?  Composition " Need of Dispute redressal mechanisms

28 " Administrative tribunal and issues 25. CM " Fast Track Courts and issues " Appointment " Gram Nyalayas and issues " Powers and responsibilities " Parivarik Mahila Lok Adalats and issues " " Relationship between the Governor Family Courts and issues and the Chief Minister " Lok Adalat and issues " Relationship between CoM and " NALSA and issues the Chief Minister " Dispute redressal for Weaker section 26. The Advocate-General for the State " Arbitration Mechanism " International Arbitrary Centre " Appointment " Commercial Court " Functions

23. Comptroller And Auditor-General Of 27. State legislature India " The composition of Vidhan Sabha " Appointment and Vidhan Parishad " Functions " Qualifications of the Members of Legislature " Role of CAG in good governance " Powers and Functions of State Legislature " Relationship between both the Houses 24. The Governor " Officers of State Legislature " Powers, Privileges and Immunities " Appointment, term of office, qualification, etc of State Legislatures and their Members " Powers " Legislative procedure " Discretionary powers " Governor’s assent to Bills " Ordinance making power " Procedure in Financial Matters/Budget

GOVERNANCE

1. Need and importance of Government " Optimum use of resources- Right targeting, plugging leakages and wasteful Policies expenditure, use of available knowledge, research and innovation. " Growth and development " Monitoring and evaluation- Outcome " Human development and human budget, zero base budgeting, input- capital formation output analysis, cost-benefit analysis " Equality (interpersonal and interregional) and social justice " Setting up institutions and regulatory " Unity and integrity norms task forces, steering committees and review committees. " Trust between state and citizens 4. Development process and industry 2. Effective Implementation " Difference between Growth and Development " What is effective implementation? Best " outcomes in view of given time, Main Constraints of development resources and constraints " Main Stake holders in development process " Analysis of different important schemes " Self Help Groups  Meaning 3. Government intervention  Importance  Objectives " Good Governance-Role of institutions, bureaucrats and other stakeholders  Institutional Structure and organization " Transparency and accountability

29  Funding " Features " Micro Finance " CC in India  Meaning and importance " Issues in CC implementation  Objectives " Reform needed  Structure and Organization  Advantages 8. Role of civil services in a democracy  Micro Finance in India " Concept of civil services " Non-Government Organizations " Need for civil services  What are NGOs? " Different role of civil services  Difference between Non Government Organizations (NGOs) and International " Law making Non Government Organizations (INGOs) " Policy formulation  United Nations Criteria for INGO " and NGO Policy implementation "  NGOs and development projects Policy evaluation " " NGOs and Community development Civil services as protector of democracy " " NGOs involved in relief and rehabilitation To protect minorities (religious and linguistic) " " NGOs involved in disaster management To promote Inclusive and sustainable growth " NGOs and advocacy 9. Pressure groups and formal/informal 5. Important aspects of governance, associations and their role in the transparency and accountability Polity " What are pressure groups? " Citizen centric governance " Types " Features of good governance " The significance of pressure groups in India " Legislative accountability " " Differentiate between a pressure group Administrative accountability and a political party " Judicial accountability " Evaluation of pressure groups role " Ombudsman " Whistleblowers concept 10. Appointment to various Constitutional " Anti corruption machinery posts, powers, functions and " Role of citizens responsibilities of various " Role of media Constitutional Bodies " Social audit " Appointment of CAG ( procedure of " Systematic reforms appointment)- composition of CAG " Functions and responsibilities of CAG 6. e-Governance " Powers and privileges of CAG (provided by constitution and different ACTs of Parliament.) " Introduction " Appointment of ECI ( procedure of " Applications appointment)- composition of ECI " Models " Functions and responsibilities of ECI " Successes " Powers and privileges of ECI (provided " Limitations by constitution and different ACTs of Parliament) " Future prospects " Appointment to UPSC (procedure of appointment)- composition of UPSC 7. Citizens Charters " Functions and responsibilities of UPSC " Powers and privileges of UPSC " Citizens Charters (provided by constitution and different ACTs of Parliament.) " Introduction " Appointment to Finance commission " Models (procedure of appointment)

30 -composition of Finance commission 12. Elections in India " Functions and responsibilities of Finance commission " Salient features of the Representation " Powers and privileges of Finance commission (provided by constitution of People Act, 1950 and different ACTs of Parliament.) " Salient features of Representation of " National commission for SCs and STs. Peoples Act, 1951 " Electoral reforms 11. Statutory, regulatory and various " Criminalization of politics quasi-judicial bodies " Negative or neutral voting " SEBI " State funding of Elections " CVC " Irregularities in polling " CBI " Planning Commission " NDC 13. Political Parties in India " PMO " Political parties in India " Zonal Council " " TRAI Party reforms " IRDA " Problems in the working of parties " National Human Rights Commission " Casteism and politics " State Human Rights Commission " Reforms in Party system in India " Central Information Commission " " State Information Commission Strengthening of Anti-defection measures " National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission 14. Role of Pressure Groups " Tribunal " Medical Council Of India " Types of pressure groups " Pension Fund Regulatory and " Role of pressure group in Development Authority developing countries " Biodiversity Authority Of India " Functions of pressure groups in India " Press Council Of India " Pressure groups methods " Forward Markets Commission " " Inland Waterways Authority Of India Pressure groups and Democracy  RBI " Criticism of pressure groups RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

1. Bills 2. Union & State Government

" Representation of People (Amendment) " Imposition of President Rule: An Analysis Bill 2010 " Frequent promulgation of Ordinance " Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, Benefits and " Provisions related to Removal of Governors Services) Act, 2016’ " Politicization of the post of Governor " Admiralty (Jurisdiction and Settlement " Relevance of Rajya Sabha of Maritime Claims) Bill, 2016 " " The Anti-Hijacking Act, 2016 Frequent disruption of Parliament and its impact " Panchayats (Extension to the " Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 Anti-Defection Law " " Lokpal & Lokayukta (Amendment) Act, 2016 Issue related to Office of Profit " Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Bill, 2016 " Special privileges to MPs and its implication " Whistleblowers Amendment Bill " Freebies Politics in India

31 " Political Parties and RTI 6. Organisations/Bodies " Basics of Separation of Power in India " 14th Finance Commission: Analysis 3. Judiciary "7th Pay Commission Report and Repercussions " Issue related to appointment of judges " AFSPA and Second ARC " Proposal for National Court of Appeal " Inter-State River Water Dispute " Concept of defamation in India " Role of Niti Aayog " Contempt of Court " Significance of Public Accounts Committee " What are contempt proceedin? " Autonomy of CBI " Public Interest Litigation " Analysis of functioning of CAG " Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2017 " Right to Information Controversy " Accountability and transparency in NGOs " Issue of Judicial over-reach " Need of Indian Skill Development Service " National Litigation Policy " All India Judicial Services 7. Initiatives for Transparency & " Judicial reforms Accountability " Future challenges may be faced " Saving life and Good Samaritan Law by Indian Judiciary " Pro-Active Governance and Timely " Administrative Tribunals Implementation (PRAGATI)\ " Right Based Approach in Policy Making 4. Local Government " Direct Benefit transfer " Nagaland Reservation in Urban bodies: Issue " Issues related to Making Aadhaar Mandatory " " Education qualification made mandatory Reforms needed in Indian Bureaucracy for contesting Local Government Elections " Performance appraisal system in bureaucracy " Reforms needed in Municipalities in Sync " Curb on VIP culture with Urban development Missions " 14th Finance Commission and Local Governments 8. Scheme " Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) 5. Elections " Swatchh Bharat Mission " National Skill Development Mission " Simultaneous Elections: feasibility and benefits " National Food Security Act, 2013 " Introduction of NOTA in elections " Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana " Bill on Right To Recall Legislators " Smart City Mission " Benefits of recognition as a National party " Namami Gange " Provision of Compulsory Voting " State funding in elections 9. Reports & Policies " Corporate funding laws " Niti aayog’s report on rationalization " Election Commission Proposal for countering bribe-for-votes of Centrally Sponsored Schemes " " About Paper Trail Units Law Commission’s 268th Report on Bail Reforms " Issues related to the working of " Political Parties Law Commission Report on Hate Speech " " Voting rights to NRI Model Land Leasing Law prepared by NITI Aayog " Role of civil society in free and fair election " Standing Committee Report " Women voices in elections on water conservation " Law Commission Report on Electoral Reforms " Report on Working Group on Migration

32 " 10. Miscellaneous Media Role and Censorship issue " Fundamental Duties - Awareness " Liquor ban on highways: critical analysis Campaigns is the of Centr " " SC Makes National Anthem Mandatory National Anthem - Mandatory in Cinema Halls - Article 51(a) " National Water Framework Bill " Prevention of Insults to National Honor " Regionalism: Demand for smaller states Act, 1971 " Directly Elected Mayor " Triple Talaq Issu " Special category status to states: " Uniform Civil Code Meaning and demand " MGNREGA: Right to Work " Analysis of Singur Verdict " Making AADHAR Mandatory Violates " Debate on the issue of Lobbying in India Fundamental Rights Remarks

33 International Relations

INDIA & NEIGHBORS

1. India – Nepal Relations 5. India-Maldives Relations

" Background of Relation " Geostrategic Importance of Maldives " Political " Development Cooperation " " Economic Security Risks " The Issue of Water and Hydropower Cooperation 6. India-Sri Lanka Relations " Social " Commercial Relations " Psychological " Developmental Cooperation " The Recent Visit of Prime Minister " Fishermen Issue Narendra Modi " Recommendations to Improve Relations 7. India-Myanmar Relations

2. India and Bhutan " Relation through ages " Recent change in policy " Economy: A Broad Overview " China Role " India, Bhutan and China: issues " The Recent Landmark visit by 8. Indo-Pak Relations Indian Prime Minister " Major Crisis 3. Indo-Afghan Bilateral Relations " Water Dispute " Current Internal Scenario " A Long History of Bilateral Relations " Impact on India " The India-Afghanistan Development " Developments in Last One Year Partnership " Strategic factors undergirding India’s Partnership with Afghanistan 9. Indo-Chine Relations " Afghanistan after NATO Withdrawal " Economic Relation " Options for India " China India Water Related Issue " “String of Pearls Strategy” 4. India-Bangladesh Relations " China’s Maritime Silk Route Implications for India " Development Partnership " India-Bangladesh Relations in line with 10. South China Sea Dispute ‘Look East’ policy " Main Disputes " Recent Boundary Agreements and their analysis " Resources as a Driver of Competition

34 " Attempts for Resolution " Piracy off the Coast of Somalia " India and South China Dispute " Neighbourhood Issues and Terrorism " Energy Routes 11. Security Challenges in the Indian " Fisheries and Livelihood Issues Ocean Region " Environmental Security " " The Pivot to Asia – US Policy Shift Declaration of Indian Ocean as Zone of Peace " South China Sea- Issues of Mistrust " India and Asian Nations relations

INDIA & ASIAN NATIONS RELATIONS

1. CIS Countries of Central Asia 6. India – Saudi Arabia

" " India-Turkmenistan Areas of Cooperation " Challenges in relations " India-Kazakhstan " India Tajikistan 7. Asia-Pacific Region " China And Central Asia " Zones of Activity " International North-South Transport Corridor " Regional Groupin " Shanghai Cooperation Organisation " Geopolitics of Asia Pacific

2. India-Mongolia 8. India-South East Asia

" Steps in Indo-ASEAN Relations " India-Mongolia Bilateral Cooperation " India-ASEAN Security Co-operation " Deal on Uranium Supply " Visit 9. Indo-Japan Bilateral Relationship 3. India – UAE Relations " Economy Centric Relationship " Contemporary Perspective " Political and economic relation " Oil Economic Relation 10. India – South Korea 4. India – IRAN " India South Korea Relations " Economic Partnership in Recent Years " Iran Nuclear Deal and India " India Iran Relations 11. India-Vietnam " US-Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Consideration in Iran " Economic Cooperation " Strategic Cooperation 5. India – ISRAEL " Geo-political Issues concerning India-Vietnam Energy Cooperation " Israel and Palestine " China’s Response " India – Israel Relations " India’s Response INDIA & ASIAN NATIONS RELATIONS

" 1. Indian Diaspora Schemes for Welfare of Overseas Indian " Narendra Modi and Indian Diaspora " Role played by Indian Diaspora " Issue of safety of Indians abroad

35 INDIA & OTHER NATION & INSTITUTIONS

" 1. India and Africa Area of Co-operation : Energy and Climate Change " Historical Connections " Area of Co-operation : Science & Technology (S&T) and Space " Gandhi’s Role " " Nehru’s Role Area of Co-operation : People to People Ties " " Strengthening of Ties Area of Co-operation : Defence Cooperation " South-south Engagement " Intellectual Property Issues " Current Dynamics " India and International Organisations " Economic Cooperation " Human resources development and 6. The World Trade Organization capacity building " " Energy Cooperation Representation in the WTO and Economic Groupin " Military Security Co-operation " How the WTO takes Decisions " Trade Policy under Modi " The WTO Secretariat and Budget " Afro-Indian Trade " " Indian investment in Africa How Countries Join the WTO " " African investment in India Assisting Developing and Transition Economies " Development cooperation and assistance " Specialized Help for Promotion 2. Indo-Australia Relationship " The WTO’s Part in Global Economic Policy-making " Immigration Issue and Indian Diaspora " Nairobi Package adopted at 10th WTO " Economic Relationship Ministerial Conference " WTO reportsrise in protectionism " Issue of Nuclear Cooperation " 26. India-Russia Bilateral Relationship 7. International Monetary Fund " Shanghai Co-operation Organization " " Warming Relationship between International Monetary Fund (IMF) Pakistan and Russia " India gets more Voting Rights in IMF Reforms 3. France 8. Nuclear Security Summit " Strategic Partnership " The fourth Nuclear Security Summit: 2016 " Prime Minister’s Recent Visit to France " Threats of Nuclear Terrorism " 28. Germany " Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) " Indian-Germany Economic Relations " Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) 4. United Kingdom " Recent Support for NSG Membership for India " Why is India seeking to become a " Ties in Current Context member of NSG? " Scotland’s Referendum " Why are certain countries opposing " India & BREXIT India’s entry into NSG? " Argument in favour for India Joining NSG 5. India-USA Relations 9. BRICS " Area of Co-operation: Strategic Consultations " Economic Environment in BRICS Countries " Area of Co-operation : Counter terrorism and Internal Security " Last BRICS Summit in Goa, India " Area of Co-operation : Trade and Economic " BRICS-BIMSTEC Outreach Summit

36 " 10. BIMSTEC Prospects For SAARC

" Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance 13. Relevance of Non-Alignment in in Criminal Matters present India " 11. IBSA What is NAM? " Relevance in present era " IBSA Potential " Need for Revitalizing IBSA 14. India-ASEAN Economic Cooperation " India’s Policy Options " Singapore " Technological Collaboration " Vietnam " 12. SAARC Indonesia " India ASEAN FTA in Service " Indo-Pak Conflict " Problem of Resource Development

Remarks

37 Economy

BASIC ECONOMY

resource mobilization, desirability 1. Indian Economy and issues relating and consequences to planning " Multilateral agencies and resource mobilization " Indian Economy in Pre-independence Period " Economy on Eve of Independence 3. Inclusive growth and issues arising " Challenges from it " Features " Meaning and concept of Inclusion " Post-Independence India " India’s experience " Issues " Social sector initiatives and inclusion process " Agriculture and its development so far " Ground reality and working of " Industry flahip schemes " Services " India’s growth story in this context " Phases of Economic Development in India " Why India’s growth is not inclusive? " Nehruvian Socialist Economy " Rural economy based growth " Economic Reforms " Need of Sustainable agriculture, " Planning food security and resilience for growth. " Objectives " Public distribution schemes: Way to inclusive growth. " Technical details " " Financial inclusion as an instrument of Planning History inclusive growth. " Analysis of each plan " Poverty Alleviation and Employment Generation as a strategy for inclusive growth 2. Resource Mobilization " Social sector development as an instrument for inclusive growth. " Types of resources: Physical capital " Public private partnership for and finance capital inclusive growth " Need for resource mobilization- Police State " Industrial Integration for inclusive growth and Democratic Welfare State " Sectoral and regional diversification as a " Sources of resource mobilization: tool for inclusive growth. Public Sector and Private Sector " Savin and investment over the five year plan 4. Government Budgeting " Budgetary resources: and Non tax " Budget terminology " Role of Public Debt in resource mobilization " Types of budget and effects: Market borrowing, loans, grants, etc. " Features of outcome budgeting " Role of fiscal and monetary policies in resource mobilization " Merger of Railway and General Budget " Role of foreign investment in " Benefits of budgeting

38 " Flaws in budgeting process (Since – 1991) " Urjit Patel Committee Report " Budget analysis " Monetary Policy Committee and Inflation Targeting 5. Investment models

" Measures of Investment 9. Financial system " Capital and investment " Money Market in India " Factors affecting investment " Capital Market in India " Classification of Investment " Indian Capital Market Regulatory Framework " FDI " Primary Market Reforms in India " Angel Investors and Start-ups " Secondary Market Reforms in India " M&A " Investment Models 10. Banking " Role of State " PPP (Public-Private Partnership) " Indian Banking System " Savin and Investment Trends " Functions of Commercial Banks " Challenges Faced by 6. Commercial Banks in India " Nationalization of Banks in India " Fiscal Policy in India " Banking Reforms in India " Important Budgetary Terms and " Fiscal Concept New Bank Licence Criteria " " Government Revenues & Spending Small Finance Banks and Payment Banks Criteria " Deficits " Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) " Balance Sheet " Terminologies/Concepts Related to 7. Taxation " Financial Inclusion " " Taxation Meaning NPAs " " Principles of Taxation Bills relatied to Banking " Objectives of Taxation 11. Foreign trade & International " Taxation for Mobilization of Resources Organisations " Tax System in India " Subsidies " International Trade " Tax Reforms " Trade Policy " T " Balance of Payments " Foreign Capital 8. Monetary policy in India " Impact of Globalization on Indian Economy " International Monetary Fund " Instruments of Monetary Policy " WTO " Monetary policy in pre-reform Era (1948 – 1991) " World Bank Group " Monetary Policy in Post-Reform Era " AIIB and NDB AGRICULTURE

1. Role of Agriculture in Indian " Land-use Economy " Land capability classification " Causes of Land Degradation " Impact of Land Degradation 2. Land resource " Steps taken by GOI

39 " Sustainable Land Management 8. Subsidies

3. Land Reforms " Objectives of subsidies " Transfer of resources from gainers " Objectives of Land Reforms in India " Progress of Land Reforms in India from economic policies to losers from economic policies " Progress of Ceiling Legislation " " NITI Aayog Report on Land Leasing Farm Subsidies " Fertiliser subsidies 4. Agriculture Finance " Subsidy on power " " Features of Agricultural Finance Subsidy on irrigation " Criteria for Agricultural Credit " Rationale of Minimum Support Price " Need for Agricultural Finance " Impact of MSP on inflation " Sources of Agricultural Finance " Public Distribution System: Objectives, " Problems of Agricultural Finance functioning, limitations, revamping, evolution from universal PDS to targeted PDS, " Measures taken to improve credit flow to agriculture Targeted PDS, a critical analysis of cost " Co-operative Credit Societies in India and benefit of PDS " Buffer Stock policy and government’s 5. Agricultural Credit Institutions intervention in food market to keep prices under reasonable limits to help consumers " Commercial Bank " Food Security bill, questions of " Lead Bank Scheme resource mobilization for the FSB, criticism " Multi Agency Approach of the FSB " Regional Rural Banks " Important questions on the future of subsidies " National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) " Reserve Bank of India 9. Agricultural Revolutions in India " Kisan Credit Card Scheme " " Self Help Group (SHG) Green Revolution Bank Linkage Programme " White Revolution – Operation Flood " Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) " Yellow Revolution " Government Policy For Agricultural Credit " Blue Revolution " Farmers Service Societies (FSS) " Golden Fiber Revolution: Jute 6. Crop Insurance in India 10. Food Processing " Historical Background " Issues Related to Crop Insurance " Processed Foods Scenario with respect " Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana to Specific Sectors " Comparison with Earlier Crop Insurance " Policy Initiatives Schemes " Infrastructure Development in " Challenges Food Processing Sector " 7. Agriculture Marketing Issues in Food Processing Sector  FDI Policy in Food Processing " Process of Agricultural Marketing in India  Notable Trends in the Indian " Structure of Agricultural Marketing in India Food Processing Sector " Importance of Proper Agriculture Marketing  Strategies Adopted in Budget " Government Measures to Improve  Agricultural Marketing in India New foreign and domestic investment " Analysis of APMC Act  Sector-specific government policies

40 INDUSTRY

1. Industrial policy and industrial main problems, effects of globalization development: Main Is sues " New Manufacturing Policy " Industrial disbursal and Industrial corridors " Mahalanobis strategy and India’s industrial policy-Discussing Industrial policy " SEZs- Main issues like land use, relocation resolution 1948 and 1956 critically of same industries that exist, earnin vs loss of tax income " New Economic Policy and Industrial policy under the policy of liberalization, " Industrial sickness, institutional mechanism privatization and globalization to support the sick industries, exit policy issues " Phases of Industrial development " Main constraints in the industrial development of India 2. Main features of Industrial " Effects of globalization on industries, development in India Sub-prime crisis and sovereign debt crisis on Industry in India " Roles of private sector and public sector, Investment in the industrial sector, " Industrial Finance in India: Role of employment, productivity, profit etc. development banking, commercial banking, venture capital, angel capital in " Strategies for disinvestment and privatization industrialization and promotion of entrepreneurship " Role of Small, Medium and Micro enterprises, Government Policy, " Make in India achievements TRANSPORT

" Transport " Transport costs and specialization " Importance and development of transport " Transport and trade in the modern era " Means of transport " Transport costs and scale economies " Transport costs and economic distance " Falling transport costs increase trade " Operating costs in transport between neighbours " Failing transport costs lead to " Relative importance of means of transport: Railways, Roads, Pipeline, concentration within countries Oceans, Air transport " Negative externalities of transport " Profits and freight rates " Important issues " Government’s transport policy  Ownership and financing " Transport patterns in the world:  Pricing of Public utilities Oceanic transport  " Ocean transport routes Infrastructure as avenues for investment  " Inland waterways Project delays-reasons and measures to overcome " Main regions of inland waterways  Public Private Partnership and related " Railways: Factors affecting the railroads issues " Distribution of railroads in the world  Operation and Maintenance of roads, " Factors influencing air transport railways, irrigation and power projects-Main problems and solutions " Pipeline Transport  Impact of Infrastructure-Economic " Petroleum (oil) Pipelines Impacts, impact on social development, " Gas Pipelines Environmental impacts

41 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

" 1. Finance Initiatives to support MSME sector " Model Shop and Establishment Bill, 2016 " Changes in Budget process in India " National Capital Goods Policy " Public Debt Management Cell " H1B visa rules and IT sector " IBBI and INSOLVENCY RULES " Ease of doing business initiatives in " Demonetization and its impact Realty sector " " Goods and Services Tax Coal linkage policy " " Digital Payments scenario Ministry releases Draft Labor Code on Social Security " Task Force Releases draft Bill to " establish a Financial Data Management Cente Analysis of Competition Commission of India " Task Force report on Financial Redress Agency Released 4. Agriculture " Law Commission submits report on related to Minors " NITI Aayog report on Agriculture " Consumer get free hand on paying service charge " Agricultural Index by NITI Aayog " Monetary Policy Committee Review " Defects in Procurement Policy " " Report of Working Group on Reforming trade in agriculture products development of Corporate Bond Market " Report on incentivising production of in India pulses released by Ministry of Finance " Concept of municipal bonds " Draft Model APMC Act, 2016 released " Lower , higher compliance: implication on economy 5. Infrastructure

2. Banking " Sagarmala project " Inland waterways in India " Bank Consolidation: Pros and Cons " Safety issues in Railways " Concept of willful defaulter " Draft policy for providing New Suburban " Concept of bad bank Rail Systems released " Shadow banking " NITI Aayog releases report on the impact of " Non Performing Assets social service obligations by Railways " Debate on RBI autonomy " Indian Railway Tourism Policy " INDRADHANUSH Analysis " Aviation Sector and Regional Connectivity Scheme " MCLR regime " Air Service Agreement " Unified Payment Interface " HELP " India’s Post payment bank " " Ministry of Power releases guidelines Issue of Balance Sheet Syndrome on cross-border trading of electricity " Differentiated Bank Licenses " Supreme Court bans sale of vehicles not compliant with BS IV standards 3. Industry " Multi-Modal Transport System

" Standing Committee submits report on Industrial Policy 6. External sector " Draft National Food Processing " Model Bilateral investment treaty Policy Released " Phasing out of FIPB " Initiatives for Fund for start-ups " FDI status and issues " Companies need to look beyond CSR " " Permanent residency status to Merger of telecoms foreign investors " National Company Law Tribunal " Dispute Settlement Mechanism in WTO

42 " Increase in International Trade Dispute " Usha Thorat Committee " FTP 2015-20 " Debroy Committee on Railways " Reforms in IMF quota " N.K. Sing Panel Report on FRBM " Shanta Kumar Committee 7. Committees " Ratan Watal Committee on Digital Payments " FSLRC - Financial Sector Legislative Reforms Commission: Analysis 8. Miscellaneous " Nachiket Mor Committee Report " P.J Nayak Committee " Unemployment survey " Vijay Kelkar Committee on PPP " India’s first International Arbitration " Parthasarathi Shome committee on GAAR Centre inaugurated. " Urjit Patel Committee Report on " Ponzi scheme and Issues Monetary Policy " Fat tax: concept analysis " Mahapatra Committee (NBFC Loan Restructuring) " National Student Start Up Policy Remarks

43 Science & Technology

BIOLOGY

1. Chemical Building Blocks of Life 6. Evolution

" Evolution of Life 2. History and Origin of Life " Animal Evolution " Human Evolution 3. Cells 7. Tissues " Cell Structure " Epithelial tissue " Membranes " Connective tissue " Cell-Cell Interactions " Muscle tissue " Energy and Metabolism " Respiration 8. Economic Zoology " Photosynthesis " How Cells Divide " Beneficial animals: Corals - Earthworm - " Sexual Reproduction Vermiculture - Beneficial insects Prawns - Lobsters - Crabs - Pearl oysters - Fishes - Guano - Aquarium 4. Genetics - Vivarium. " Harmful animals: Disease causing organisms " Inheritance Vectors - Poisonous organisms - Fouling organisms - Pests. " DNA, The Genetic Material " Gene Expression 9. Endocrine System " Gene Regulation " Mutation " Hypothalamus " Recombinant DNA Technology " Pineal body (epiphysis) " Pituitary gland (hypophysis) 5. Classification of Living Thin " Thyroid " Adrenal glands " Classification and Domains of Life " Reproductive glands " General Biology/Classification of Living Thin/Viruses " Prokaryotes 10. Respiration " Eukaryotes " External and Internal Respiration " Protists " Respiratory system in Plants " Plants " Respiratory System in Insects " Fungi " Respiratory System in Humans and Animals " Animals

44 " 11. The Transport System in Organisms Sexual Reproduction in Animals " Sexual Reproduction in Humans " Transport system in a Cell " Transport System in Plants 14. Excretion, Osmoregulation and " Transport System in Animals Thermoregulation " Blood Vascular System " Excretory products " The Lymphatic System " Excretion in plants " Excretion in Animals 12. Skeletal and Muscular Systems " Osmoregulation, ADH and formation of Urine in Animals " Bone and Skeleton System (Osteology) " Physiological and Behavioural Adjustments " Ligaments (Syndesmology) " Muscular System (Myology) 15. Nutrition " Vertebrates " Classification by Source of Energy and Carbon 13. Reproduction " Plant Nutrition " Animal Nutrition " Asexual Reproduction in Plants " Human Diet " Asexual Reproduction in Animals " The Digestive System " Sexual Reproduction in Plants INSTITUTIONS & POLICY

" India’s policy in the field of the " Science and technology as a source science and technology of Human Resource Development " The S&T policy resolution in 1958 " Awards related to Science " S&T policy of the 1983 " New Initiatives Aligned with the " S&T policy of the 2003 National Agenda " S&T policy 2013 " India and World collaboration in " Institutional structure science projects " Department of Science & Technology " Technology Vision Document 2035 " CSIR " National Biotechnology Development " Survey of India Strategy 2015-2020 " Science and Engineering Research Council " National Intellectual Property Rights Policy " Technology Development Board " Organ donation rules in India " National Accreditation Board For Testing And Calibration Laboratories " Policy on Synthetic Biology BIOTECHNOLOGY

" 1. Genetics and biotechnology Potential laboratory biohazards of genetic engineering " Industrial genetics " Bioprocess/fermentation technology " Protoplast and cell fusion technologies " Genetic engineering 2. Biological fuel generation " DNA sequencing " Global warming and the significance " Nucleic acid probes of fossils fuels " Genomics and proteomics " Photosynthesis: the ultimate energy source " Antisense and RNA interface " Biofuels from biomass

45 " Bioethanol from biomass new biotechnology foods " " Biodiesel Biotechnology and medicine " " Methane Pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals " " Hydrogen Antibiotics " Vaccines and monoclonal antibodies 3. Environmental Biotechnology " Biopharmaceuticals/therapeutic proteins " Pharmacogenetics " Microbial Ecology Environmental " Molecular biology and human disease Biotechnology " Diagnostics in developing countries " Waste water and sewage treatment " Gene therapy " Landfilling technologies " Systems biology and medicine " Composting " Stem cell biotechnology " Bioremediation " Detect and monitoring of pollutants 7. Protection of biotechnological " Microbes and the geological environment inventions " Environmental sustainability and clean technology " Patent protection Trade secrets " Plant breeders’ rights 4. Plant and Forest Biotechnology 8. Recent initiatives in Health & " Plant biotechnology Biotechnology " Forest biotechnology " Recent initiatives in Health & Biotechnology 5. Animal and Insect Biotechnology " Diseases in News " India Declared Maternal and " Genetic manipulation and transgenic animals Neonatal Tetanus, H5N1 and Yaws Free " " Genetically engineered hormone IPV Injection and vaccines " Mission Indradhanush " Animal organs for human patients " New TB Drug Regimen " Genetically modified insects " E-Cigarettes " Digital Biopiracy 6. Food and beverage biotechnology " Kendrapara Sheep " " Food and beverage fermentations DNA Tagging of Convicts " " Microorganisms as food U.K. Grants Gene Editing Licence " " Enzymes and food processing Genetically Modified Mosquito " " Amino acids, vitamins and sweeteners Designer Babies’ OR Three Parents Babies " " Organic acids and polysaccharides U.K. Grants Gene Editing Licence " National Biotechnology Development " Public acceptance and safety of Strategy 2015-2020

SPACE

" Types of orbits " GLONASS " Launch Vehicle " IRNSS " Satellite communication in India " GAGAN " INSAT Satellite application " Chandrayaan – I & II " Remote sensing applications " Mars Orbitor Mission " Cryogenic rockets " Space Organisations " Global Positioning System " Space race/Space junk " Galileo " Recent updates

46 " South Asia Satellite: Significance " RESOURCESAT- 2A " Neutrino Observatory " ASTROSAT " Solar Mission- ADITYA " Sunspot " Gravitational Waves " Magnetars " FAST (Five-hundred-meter Aperture " Spherical radio Telescope) Neutron stars " " Spitzer Space Telescope Air-breathing propulsion system " Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope " Space Junk " Chandra X-ray Observatory " Graveyard Orbit " James Webb Space Telescope " India, NASA join hands for " ARIES/Devasthal Telescope Astrobiology Mission " Multi Application Solar Telescope " Neutrino Observatory " Thirty Metre Telescope " Indian Space Vision-2025 DEFENCE

" Missile system and classification  Dhanush " On the basis of type  Astra " On the basis of launch vehicle  Prahaar " On the basis of Range " BrahMos Missile System " On the basis of propulsion system " Indian Submarines and Naval Ships " India’s Missile System " Light Combat Aircraft  Agni " Unmanned Aerial Vehicle  Prithvi " Stealth technology  Trishul " Chemical Weapon  Nag " Biological Weapon

NUCLEAR ENERGY

" Types of nuclear reactions " Impact of Radiation " Nuclear Power Reactor " Issue of Radioactive Waste " N-Power Policy of India " Institutions involved in Nuclear energy Development, AERB " Advantages of Nuclear Energy " Safety standards in Nuclear Power plants " Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy " Nuclear & Radiological Disasters " Non-energy applications of Nuclear energy

IT, ELECTRONICS & TELECOM

" Computers " Cathode ray " Generation of computers " LCD " Computer terminologies " LED " Supercomputer and its applications " Plasma Monitors " Information technology " OLED " Components of IT " Telecommunications " IT enabled services " Mobile generations " Application of IT " Smartfone " Display technologies " Important conceps

47 " Government initiatives " Bharat QR " Digital India Initiative " Contemporary debates " MeghRaj " Net Nuetrality " Code Free for India " Internet of Thin " E-Kranti " Big Data Initiative and Privacy " Bharat Net project " Cyber crime and security

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN IT & TELECOM

" Cyber Swachhta Kendra " Block Chain Technology and Bitcoins " BharatQR " Digital Terrestrial Television " Digital Transaction Methodologies Transmission System " " Smart Credit Cards Disaster Management Network " Bharat Net Project " PARAM ISHAN " Wi-fi Technology " Internet of Thin

NANO-SCIENCE & NANO TECHNOLOGIES

" What is Nanoscience and Nanotechnology? " Sustainable energy " Origination of Nanoscience and Technology " Environment " Basics of Nanoscience " Transport " Nanomaterials " Space " Applications of nanotechnology " Agriculture " Nano medicine " Adverse Health and Environmental " Semiconductors and computing Impacts of Nanotechnology " Food " Social and Ethical Impacts: " Textiles " Nano-science and nano-technology in India ROBOTICS

" What is Robotics? " Advantages and Disadvantages of Robot " Machine vs Computer vs Robots " Applications of Robotics " Parts of a Robot " Industrial Sector " Controller " Aerospace " Manipulator " Healthcare Delivery " End Effector " Outer Space " Sensor " Exploration " Classification of Robots " Military Robots " Rolling Robots " Disaster Areas " Walking Robots " Entertainment " Autonomous Robots " Agriculture " Artificial Intelligence " Domestic work

48 Remarks

49 Ecology & Environment

ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY

 1. Ecology Food Chain  Types & Significance of Food Chain " Types of Ecology  Food Web " Ecological Hierarchy  Models for Energy Flow " Scope of Ecology  Ecological Productivity " Habitat & Ecological Niche  Ecological Pyramid " Deep vs Shallow Ecology " Biomagnifications " Ecological Principles " Biological Control " Ecological Community " Organic Farming  Structure and Characteristics of a Community 3. Biogeochemical Cycles  Stratification "  Ecotones Parts of a Bio Geochemical Cycle "  Ecological Dominance Types of Biogeochemical Cycle   Seasonal and Diurnal Fluctuation Carbon Cycle   Periodicity Nitrogen Cycle   Turnover Phosphorus Cycle   Interdependence Sulphur Cycle " Ecological Succession 4. Biomes: Forest, Grassland, Mountain,  Types and Process of Succession and Desert Ecosystems  Climax Community " " Range of Tolerance , Maximum Range Biome " Grasslands " Difference between Ecology , Environment and Ecosystem " Tundra " Deserts 2. Ecosystem and its dynamics " Thar desert " Mountain biome " Ecosystem Definitions " Functions and Properties of Ecosystem 5. Aquatic Life Zones: Ocean, Rivers, " The Structure/Components of Ecosystem Lakes, and Wetlands  Abiotic Components " Aquatic ecosystems  Biotic Components " Basic facts about the ocean " Ecosystem Dynamics " Importance of the ocean  Flow of Energy in Ecosystem " Zones of the ocean  Trophic Levels

50  Marine life " Botanical gardens " Coral reefs " Protected areas " Coral reefs in India " State of protected areas in the world " Conserving coral reefs " UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB) " Mangroves " Characteristics of biosphere reserves " Mangroves in India  " International agreements for Freshwater in India biodiversity conservation " Importance of lakes " Convention on Biological Diversity " National Lake Conservation Plan " Cartagena Protocol " Wetlands and their importance " Nagoya Protocol " Ramsar Convention " Aichi Biodiversity Targets " Ramsar Sites  Important Coastal and " Montreux Record Marine Biodiversity Areas of India " Extent and distribution of wetlands in India " Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of India " Conserving the wetlands of India " Global Tiger Initiative " Project Tiger 6. Biodiversity Basics " Project Elephant " Indian Rhino Vision " Biodiversity " Recovery Programme for Critically " Important kinds of biodiversity Endangered Species " Degree of diversity in an ecosystem  Use of indigenous knowledge for  Endemic species conserving biodiversity  " Keystone species Seed village " Indicator species 8. Effect of Human Activities on " Invasive species Environment " Allopatric and sympatric speciation " " Bioinformatics Effect of Modern Agriculture on Environment "  Biodiversity distribution Effect of Housing on Environment " " Megadivers Countries Effect of Power Generation on Environment " " Uses and values of biodiversity Effect of River Valley Projects (Water Resource Projects) on Environment " State of global biodiversity " Effect of Mining on Environment " Threats to biodiversity " Effect of Transportation " Biodiversity Hotspots Activities on Environment " Eco-regions " Effect of Tourism on Environment " Role of traditional knowledge in biodiversity " Biopiracy 9. Water Resource degradation " Extinction of species " Water Cycle (Hydrological Cycle) " Mass extinction " Availability and Quality Aspects " IUCN’s classification scheme (groundwater depletion) " IUCN Red-List of Threatened Species " Water-borne and Water-induced Diseases " Level of biodiversity in India " Fluoride Problem in Drinking Water " Biogeographic classification of India " Arsenic Problem in Drinking Water

7. Biodiversity Conservation 10. Minerals & Environmental Degradation " Ex-situ aid in-situ conservation " " Seed banks Mining and Environment " " Zoos in biodiversity conservation Sensitivity of Select Ecosystems to Mining

51 " Impact of Mining " Sources of Air Pollution " Indirect Impact of Mining " Effects of Air Pollution " International Laws on Mining " Classification of Air Pollutant " Main Act or Statue to regulate the " Control Measures of Air Pollution impact of Indian Mining Sector " Air Pollution Disasters " Sustainable Mining " Long Range Transport of Gaseous Air Pollutants 11. Deforestation " National Ambient Air Quality Standards " Water Pollution " Causes of Deforestation " Sources of Water Pollution " Implications of Deforestation for Climate Change " Types of Water Pollutants " " Consequences of Deforestation on the Effects of Water Pollution Wildlife of India " Water Quality Standards " Impact of Deforestation on Indian Monsoon " Control of Water Pollution " Impact of Deforestation on People " Thermal Pollution " Deforestation Leads to Water and " Sources of Thermal Pollution Soil Resources Loss and Flooding " Effects of Thermal Pollution " Economical Impacts " Control of Thermal Pollution " Strategies for Reducing Deforestation " Soil Pollution or Land Degradation " Government Programmes for Conservation of Forests " Sources of Soil Pollution " " Legislations for Conservation of Effects of Soil Pollution Forests using People Participation " Control Measures " Steps for Improving People Participation " in Forest Resource Management Noise Pollution " " Use of Local Traditional Methods Air-borne Diseases " Toxic Substances: Toxicant, Toxicity and Toxicology 12. Waste Management " Factors affecting toxicity " Solid Waste " Carcinogens " Hazardous Waste " E-Waste 15. Solid Waste Management " Bio Medical Waste " Sources of Solid Waste " Plastic Waste " Effect of Solid Waste " Methods for Waste Management " Control Measures of Solid Waste " Effects of Poor Waste Disposal " Solid Waste Management Rules " Landfill " Hazardous Waste Management (HWM)

13. Sustainable Development 16. Coastal Ecosystem Management " Principles of sustainability " Mangroves " Measurement of Sustainability or " Sustainable Ethics or Equitable Salient features of Mangroves Utilisation of Natural Resource " Importance of Mangroves " Sustainable Lifestyle (Role of an " Mangroves in India individual in sustainable, development) " Mangroves under threats " Challenges to Sustainable Development " Legal and Regulatory Approaches for " International Efforts to Achieve Sustainability Protection " Estuaries 14. Environmental Pollution " Importance of estuaries " Threats to estuaries " Air Pollution

52 " Coral Reefs " Salient features of Forest Conservation Act, I980 " Geographical Conditions Required " Salient Features of " Uses of coral reefs Wildlife Protection Act,1972 " Conservation of coral reef " Salient Features of Environment " Steps for Coastal Ecosystem Management (Protection) Act,1986 " Role of Government in 17. Recent developments Environmental Protection

" Air Pollution 20. Environment related Institutions and " Report on Air Pollution Organizations " Bharat Stage Emission Standards " Pollution Control Boards " Polluters Pay Model " National Green Tribunal " Household Air Pollution " Forest Survey of India " Open Waste Burning and its Impact " National Board for Wildlife " Graded Response Action Plan on Pollution " UN Sets Limits on Global Airline Emissions 21. Schemes " Waste Management " Biodegradable Plastics " Ecomark Scheme " Green Train Corridors " National Afforestation Program " Oil Spill " National River Conservation Plan " Solid Waste Management-Buffer Zone " National Mission for Clean Ganga " Other News " National Air Quality Index (AQI) " Report of Parliamentary Committee on Forest Fires " National " Urban Forestry Scheme " Action " Draft Notification to Regulate Pet Shops " Programme to Combat Desertification " Ban on Import of Animal Skin " UJALA Scheme " River linking Project and Impact on " Bharat Stage Norms Environment " Algal Bloom Issue 22. International Environmental " Illegal Salt Mining and its Impact Governance " India’s Wetland Report, 2016 " UNEP " Deep Sea Mining " UNDP " Mass Coral Bleaching " " Ganga River Pollution Centre for Biological Diversity " WWF for Nature 18. Environmental Impact Assessment " IUCN - Red List " Birdlife International " Government Body which Executes EIA " International Conventions / Protocols " Environmental Effects Analysed under EIA & their Objectives " Process of EIA " EIA Ruling 1984 23. Basics of Climate change

" 19. Environmental Laws Green House Effect and Global Warming " Global Climate Change: International " Environmental Laws: Provisions in Efforts to Control Global Warming or the Indian Constitution towards Global Climate Change Environmental Protection " Ozone Layer Depletion or Ozone Hole " Salient Features of Air (Prevention " and Control of Pollution) Act,1981* Acid Rain " El Nino " Salient Features of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 " La Nina

53 24. Urbanization and climate 26. Global Warming & Health

" Pollution in metros and climate change " Health impacts of global warming " Real estate boom and environment degradation " Mosquito-borne diseases " Urban Heat Island " Ozone depletion and human health " Polythene ba and pollution " Methane generation from waste 27. Recent developments 25. Impact of agriculture on climate " Carbon Neutrality Concept " Agriculture increases " Carbon Dioxide Emissions Climate Change Indicators: WMO report " Monoculture practice impacts biodiversity " IPCC 5th Assessment Report " Pollution due to use of chemical fertilizers " " Soil-related effects Paris Agreement " Fertilizer’s Effect on the Environment " Marrakech Climate Change Conference " Impact of livestock on environment " International Solar Alliance (ISA) " Impact of use of Pesticides on environment " Impact of GM crop on environment " Kyoto Protocol (2nd Commitment 2013-20) " Emission of Methane from agricultural practices " Kigali Agreement " Sustainable Agriculture Techniques " Climate Change Performance Index RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

1. Wildlife 3. Climate Change

" Man-Animal Conflicts in India " Paris Agreement " Poaching activities in India " Marrakech Climate Change Conference " Controlling wildlife crimes using sniffer do " Kigali Agreement " Draft on animal cruelty " Kyoto Protocol (2nd Commitment) " Formation of Tiger Reserves: Critical Analysis " International Solar Alliance " International treaties for wildlife conservation " Programmes and Policies Initiated for Mitigating Climate Change " Use of drones for wildlife conservation " International Collaboration for Mitigating Climate Change 2. Combating Pollution " Carbon Neutrality Concept " Indoor Air Pollution and its impact " Concept of Green Bond " Impact of Particulate Matter " Green Climate Fund " Smog and its impact " Feasibility in India " Plastic Pollution " Concept of Green Building " Light Pollution " Climate Change and Cities " Oil Spill " Ethical issue involved in climate change " Solid Waste Management " Climate change and its impact on Health " E-waste Management Rules 2016 " Groundwater contamination 4. Renewable Energy " Bharat Stage Norm " " What is Polluters Pay Model? " Status of Hydro Power energy in India

54 " Status of Wind Energy in India 6. Environmental Institutions " Green Transportation " Pollution Control Board: Analysis 5. Initatives for Environmental " National Green Tribunal: Analysis Conservation1 " Forest Survey of India " Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee " Ganga River Pollution " Traditio nal Knowledge Digital Library " Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act " T S R Subramanian Panel Report " Draft National Wildlife Action Plan 7. Miscellaneous Issues " Draft Wetland Management Rules " Initiatives to enhance green cover " Algal bloom Issue " " Policy on Promotion of City Compost Melting of Antarctica and its impact " River linking project and its impact " Living status to Rivers " Public participation for " National Hydrology Project environmental conservation Remarks

55 Internal Security

1. Internal Security Challenges 6. Security Challenges in Border Areas

" Internal Security Challenges " Challenges to Border Management " Social Diversity as Issues of Security Threat " Issues Faced in Border Management " Challenges from within " Community Participation for Border Management " Neighbours as Issue of Security Threat " Non-State Actors as Issue of Security Threat 7. Basics of Cyber Security " Global Indices and Measurement of " Types of Cyber Crimes Vulnerability of a State Towards such Non-State Actors " Impact and Steps needed " Law and Order vs. Internal Security " Recent Incident: Ransomware 2. Terrorism Threat to India " The National Cyber Security Policy of India 2013 " Terrorism Threat to India 8. Cyber Warfare " Changing face of Terrorism " Factors Contributing/Aggravating " Terror Threats Faced by India Rise of Cyber Attack " Broader Framework to Deal with Terrorism " Recent Initiatives for Tackling Cyber Warfare " Drawbacks in Intelligence Infrastructure 9. Social Media and Internal Security 3. Organized Crime Threat

" Types of Organized Crime " Regulation of Social Media in India for Internal Security " Problems in controlling organized crimes " Challenges in Monitoring Social Media " Combating organized crimes " Steps Needed " Linkage of Terrorism and Organized Crime in India 10. Money Laundering 4. Linkage between Development and " Spread of Extremism Meaning of Money Laundering " Harmful Effects of Money Laundering " Stated Purpose of the Naxal Movement " Steps taken by the Government " Why naxalism got huge support from common man? 11. Black Money in India " Why naxalism is biggest threat " Parallel Economy in India to internal security? " What are the various measures 5. Insurgency in North-East taken by Government to curb Black Money? " Impact of demonetisation on black money " Issues & Conflicts " Criticisms " Assam Insurgency

56 12. Police Reforms in India 13. Various Security Forces and their Mandate " The Organisational Structure " Assam Rifles " Duties and Responsibilities of the Police " (BSF) " Centre’s Role in Policing " Indo-Tibetan Border Police " Traditional Security Challenges " Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) " Non-Traditional Security Challenges (NTS) " Central Reserve Police Force " Recommendations for Police Reforms " " Police we Want in 21st Century " Issues with Paramilitary Forces

Remarks

57 Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude

" 1. Ethics Basic Introduction Essential Aptitude for civil servants " Foundational Values of Civil Services " Dimensions of Ethics " Neutrality " Essence of Ethics " Anonymity " Approaches of Ethical Study as " Civil Services Accountability Indian Perspective and Western Perspective " Integrity " Basic concept of ethics morality and value " Humility " Ethics in public life " Adaptability " Ethics in Economic Life " Magnanimity " Freedom and Discipline " Perseverance " Duties and Rights " Impartiality and Non-Partisanship " Virtue Ethics " Tolerance and compassion for " Consequences of Ethics in Human Actions the weaker section " Contribution to society " Values and Ethics in Government: Legislature, Executive and judiciary " Contribution of Family in Value Education 4. India & World Thinkers " Contribution of Society in Inculcating Values " Indian Thinkers " Role of Educational Institutions in  Mahatama Gandhi Inculcating Values  Dr. S. Radhakrishnan  Rabindranath Tagore 2. Human Values  Swami Dayanand Saraswati  " Human value & Socialization Mahadeva Govinda Ranade  Sri Aurobindo " Individual Personality and Value  Swami Vivekananda " Values and Skill  Sardar Patel " Fundamental and Instrumental Values  Buddha Bhim Rao Ambedkar " Democratic values  Raja Ram Mohan Roy " Role of ethical value in governance  Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj and society  Mother Teresa " Significance of value in civil services  Amitabha Chowdhury " Aesthetic values  Aruna Roy " Values in work life and professional ethics  T. N. Seshan  E. Sreedharan 3. Aptitude and foundational values of " Administrative Thinkers civil services

58  Max Weber  Muhammad Yunus  Elton Mayo  Wangari Maathai  Peter Drucker  Kofi Annan  Chestar Barnard  Lech Walesa  Mary Parker Follet  Desmond Tutu " World Thinkers  Isaac Newton   Plato Elie Wiesel   Aristotle King Ashoka   Socrates Sun Yat Sen  Jeremy Bentham 5. Attitude  JS Mill  Thomas Hobbes " Components of Attitude  John Locke  Affective component  Jean Jacques Rousseau  Cognitive component  John Rawls  Behavioral component  Immanuel Kant " Functions of Attitude  Carol Gilligan  Adjustive Function  Jean Paul Sartre  Ego-Defensive Function  Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel  Value-Expressive Function  Confucius  Knowledge Function  René Descartes  Attitude Formation Model  Karl Marx  Impact of Beliefs and Values  Adam Smith  Group Influences  Thomas Aquinas  Social Influence  David Hume  Persuasion Tactics  Democritus  Tools of Persuasion  Galileo  Moral Attitude formation  Friedrich Nietzsche  Political Attitude formation  Montesquieu  Voltaire 6. Emotional Intelligence  Thomas Jefferson " Theories Associated with " Indian & World Leaders Emotional Intelligence  Benjamin Franklin " Can Emotional Intelligence be Developed?  Martin Luther King " Components of Emotional Competencies  Dalai Lama  The Self-Awareness Cluster:  Nelson Mandela Understanding Feelin and Accurate Self-Assessment  Mahatma Gandhi  The Self-Management Cluster:  Siddhartha Gautama Managing Internal States, Impulses, and Resources  Aung San Suu Kyi  The Social Awareness Cluster:  Swami Vivekanand Reading People and Groups Accurately  Albert Einstein  The Relationship Management  Abraham Lincoln Cluster: Inducing Desirable Responses in Others  Mother Teresa "  Importance of Emotional Intelligence J L Nehru at Workplace  Lee Kuan Yew " Importance of Emotional Intelligence  Henry Ford in Civil Services  Abdul Kalam

59 7. Values & Ethics in Public and Right to Information " Flaws in RTI and recommendations Administration for improvement " Importance of vigilant citizens " Ethical Concerns in Public Institution " Information sharing and participation " Ethical Concerns in Private Institutions " Importance of Code of ethics " Ethical Dilemmas in Public and Private Institutions " Code of Ethics in Professions " Laws, Rules and Regulations as Source " Code of Conduct for Ministers; for of Ethical Guidance Legislators; for Civil Servants; for Regulators and for the Judiciary " Accountability and Ethical Governance Strengthening of Ethical and Moral " Components of a Citizen Charter Values in Governance " Steps in formulation of a Citizen’s Charter " Moral Judgments in International Relations " Concept of Work Culture " Ethical Relation in Funding " The Indian Approach to Work " International Relations and concept of Moral Responsibility " Methods of improving Work Culture " " Ethics in working of international Quality of Service Delivery organizations " Utilisation of Public Funds " What is Corporate Governance? " Problems in Fund Release and Utilization " Models of Corporate Social Responsibility " Parliamentary Control on Expenditure " Steps taken by World Bank for " Good Corporate Governance Corruption in India: extent, dimension, and response " Norms for Corporate Government in India " Corruption as a social evil " Concept of business ethics " Probity in public life Corrupt practice among civil servants and official misconduct 8. Probity in Governance " Exposing corruption: Civil Society initiatives and role of Whistleblower Act " Concept of Public Service " Tackling corruption: Role of government and institutions of governance " Philosophical basis of Governance and Probity " Controlling corruption: Various approaches and efficacy " Information Sharing, Transparency

APPLIED ETHICS

1. Euthanasia Issue " Ethical Issue: Need for sportsmanship " Ethical Issue: Doping " Social and ethical angle " Ethical Issue: Discrimination and " Different arguments related to Euthanasia Sexual Harassment " Conclusion " Ethical Issue: Sports as a Business " Steps needed 2. Surrogacy 4. Media Ethics " Case study " Issues " Role of Media " Ethical Issues " Ethical Issues faced by Reporters " Concept of ethical surrogacy " Trial by Media " Conclusion " Media Prejudice " 3. Ethics & Sports Ethical Dilemma faced by Photo Journalists " Digital Media Ethics " Importance of sports " Paid News

60 5. Business Ethics 12. Animal Ethics

" Principles of Business Ethics " Introduction " Issues of conducting research on animals " Dimensions related to Business Ethics in Organisation " Issue of keeping animals as pets " Business Ethics and Corporate Governance " Issue of Cruelty against animals " Conclusion " Journey from Philanthropy to Corporate Social Responsibility

" Issues related to Corporate 13. Food Adulteration and Ethics Social Responsibility " Ethical dimension " Issues in implementation of Business Ethics " Ethical issue related to food additive 6. Ethics Related to Economic Sanctions 14. Abortion: Ethical or Unethical " Why Economic Sanctions placed? " Law of abortion in India " " Ethics in Economic Sanctions Recent Supreme Court verdict " Ethical Issue: Health of Women vs. fetus " Conclusion " Justification for abortion " 7. Refugees & Ethics Argument against abortion " Abortion and women rights " Why Migration occurs? " Abortion and father rights " Case study of Syria " Dilemmas related to Refugee crisis 15. Honour Killing " Steps needed " Honour killing is unethical " Role of khap pachayat 8. Ethical Dilemmas of Globalization 16. Marital Rape " What is Globalisation " in Globalised world " Why Marital Rape should not be criminalized? " " Issues with Newly developed trade patterns Why Marital Rape should be criminalized? " What are the hurdles? " Criticism against global regime " Way forward 17. Ethical Issue Involved in Child Labour 9. Ethics of War " Rights of children " Ethics and War theories " Child labour and company " Evils of war " Solution " Role of consumer 10. Environmental Ethics 18. Ethical Issue Involved in Treating " Linkage between Ethics and Environment Juvenile as Adult " Theories related to Environmental ethics " Juvenile justice system " Role of individual " Negative implications

11. Ethical Issues in Biotechnology 19. Ethics and Old Age

" Issues related to Stem Cell " Ethical issues " Issues related to cloning " Issues faced " Issues related to designer babies " Importance of autonomy

61 20. Ethics in Public and Private Relationships " Ethical values in Private relationships " Ethical principles in Public relationships " Linkage between Private relationships and Public relationships

Remarks

62