E1562 Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
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E1562 Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROJECT – IMPROVING RURAL Public Disclosure Authorized LIVELIHOODS THROUGH CARBON SEQUESTRATION BY ADOPTING ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGY BASED AGROFORESTRY PRACTICES Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 1 1 CONTENTS Contents......................................................................................2 Abbreviations Used...................................................................5 List of tables...............................................................................6 1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................8 1.1 Project objectives ................................................................8 1.2 Project activities ..................................................................8 1.2.1 Details of the plantation species.............................................9 1.3 Institutional arrangements...............................................10 1.4 Requirement of EMF .......................................................10 2. METHODOLOGY ...........................................................11 2.1 Scope of the EMF.............................................................11 2.2 Methodology......................................................................11 3. Profile of project area.........................................................12 3.1 Project Area .......................................................................12 3.1.1 Vizianagaram....................................................................12 3.1.2 Srikakulam .......................................................................13 3.1.3 Visakhapatnam.................................................................13 3.1.4 Kalahandi ..........................................................................13 3.1.5 Rayagada ...........................................................................13 3.1.6 Koraput..............................................................................13 3.2 Socio-economic profile ....................................................14 3.2.1 Details of area under plantation..........................................16 3.3 Physical environmental profile........................................18 3.3.1 Agro-climatic zones ............................................................18 3.3.2 Soils...................................................................................21 3.3.3 Land utilization.................................................................36 2 3.3.4 Agricultural cash crops .......................................................41 3.4 Ecological profile ..............................................................43 3.4.1 Forests................................................................................43 3.4.2 Water resources...................................................................53 4. Potential impact of the project .........................................69 4.1 Pesticide use.......................................................................69 4.2 Change in land use............................................................72 4.3 Industry raw materials ......................................................74 4.4 Impacts and mitigation measures ...................................77 5. Legal and Regulatory Framework.....................................85 6. Review of literature relevant to the project.....................98 6.1 Water resources.................................................................98 6.2 Pest management ............................................................100 6.3 Nutrient management ....................................................106 7. EMF for the project..........................................................108 7.1 Water resources...............................................................108 7.2 Pesticide use.....................................................................110 7.3 Nutrient depletion...........................................................112 7.4 Management of the EMF ..............................................114 7.4.1 Roles and responsibilities of relevant stakeholders ..............114 7.4.2 Capacity building strategy .................................................117 7.4.3 Monitoring strategy...........................................................119 7.5 Implementation of the EMF.........................................121 7.5.1 Organizational chart ........................................................121 7.5.2 Time frame.......................................................................123 7.5.3 Budget..............................................................................129 Annexe 1: Sacred Groves in Andhra Pradesh ..................130 Annexe 2: Areas under ITDA in AP and Orissa..............134 3 Annexe 3: Environmental Screening Checklist ................135 Annexe 4: Environmental Management Checklist...........140 Annexe 5: List of websites referred to...............................143 Annexe 6: Field notes and photographs............................144 Annexe 7: Budget ..................................................................154 Annexe 8: Minitues of the EMF disclosure meeting .......158 4 ABBREVIATIONS USED APWLTA Andhra Pradesh Water Land and Trees Authority CDM Clean Development Mechanism CER Certified Emission Reduction DBH Diameter at Breast Height DWMA District Water Management Agency EMF Environmental Management Framework ITDA Integrated Tribal Development Agency PDD Project Deisgn Document VEDA MACS Vanitha (Women) Empowerment, Development and Advancement Mutually Aided Cooperative Society Limited VCCSL VEDA Climate Change Solutions Limited 5 LIST OF TABLES S. No. Table Title 1 Basic data on the districts 2 Details of land proposed for plantations under the project 3 Details of land holdings proposed for plantations under the project 4 Agro-climatic zones pertaining to Rayagada, Kalhandi and Koraput districts 5 District wise land utilization particulars (Area in ha) 6 Area under tree crops (1979-80 to 2004-05) (Area in ha) 7 Area under tree crops (1995-96 to 2004-05) in Orissa (Area in ha) 8 Area under food and non-food crops in Vizianagaram, Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam districts of Andhra Pradesh state (1979-80 to 2004-05) (Area in ha) 9 Area under sugar cane, cotton and tobacco in Vizianagaram, Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam districts of Andhra Pradesh state (1979-80 to 2004-05) (Area in ha) 10 Area under the land use category of forest in Vizianagaram, Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam districts of Andhra Pradesh state (1979-80 to 2004-05) (Area in ha) 11 District-wise distribution of forest in project districts of Andhra Pradesh (2002-2003) 12 Legal status of forest blocks in Vizianagaram, Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam districts (Number of blocks) 13 Extent of forest area in Orissa state 14 Actual extent of forest area in Orissa state (2003) 15 Legal status of forest areas in Kalahandi, Koraput and Rayagada districts (Area in ‘000 ha) 16 Actual forest cover in Kalahandi, Koraput and Rayagada districts (2003) (Area in ‘000 ha) 17 Rainfall details for Kalahandi, Rayagada and Koraput districts of Orissa state 18 Mandal-wise Ground Water Resource in Vizianagaram district 2004 19 Mandal-wise Ground Water Resource in Srikakulam district 2004 20 Mandal-wise Ground Water Resource in Visakhapatnam district 2004 21 Details of mandals classified as semi-critical and overexploited with respect to the ground water resource in Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam districts (2004) 22 Villages classified as overexploited with respect to ground water status, Vizianagaram district 2004 23 Block-wise ground water resource status in Kalahandi district 24 Block-wise ground water resource status in Koraput district 25 Block-wise ground water resource status in Rayagada district 26 Irrigated area and source of irrigation in Vizianagaram, Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam districts of Andhra Pradesh state (2004-05) (Area in ha) 27 Irrigation potential created in Kalahandi, Rayagada and Koraput districts of Orissa state (Area in ‘000 ha) 28 Some details on the toxicity and persistence of the pesticides reported to be used in the project area plantations 29 Productivity of major crops in the project areas of Andhra Pradesh state (kg./ha) (2000-2001) 30 Productivity of major crops in the Koraput district of Orissa state (kg/ha) 31 Demand and supply of wood in India (in million cu. m) 32 Growth in area under plantations supported by JK Paper Ltd. (area in ha.) 33 Potential impacts of project activities and mitigation measures 34 Legal and regulatory framework 35 Review of relevant literature on water management for Eucalyptus 36 Review of relevant literature on termite management in Eucalyptus 6 37 Review of relevant literature on nutrient management for Eucalyptus 38 Water management strategy proposed as part of the EMF of the project 39 Pest management strategy proposed as part of EMF of this project 40 Nutrient management strategy proposed as part of EMF of this project 41 Roles and responsibilities of VEDA MACS and JK Papers Ltd. with respect to the implementation of the EMF 42 Competency matrix of key individuals who will be involved in the EMF implementation 43 Training and informational needs of farmers before and after embarking on the plantation activity 44 Key parameters for monitoring 45 Time frame for implementation of EMF activities 46 Budget for implementation of EMF 7 1. INTRODUCTION The proposed CDM