Absorption Approach, 146 Adams, Walter, 283–86, 291, 292, 301

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87482-3 - Harry Johnson: A Life in Economics D. E. Moggridge Index More information

Index

absorption approach, 146 Antigonish movement, 47–54 Adams, Walter, 283–86, 291, 292, 301, Johnson and, 49–54 353 See also St. Francis Xavier University Adelstein, David, 284–86 Archibald, G. C.,106, 277, 297, 330, 399 Akerman, Gustave, 106 Ascherson, Neil, 118 Alexander, Sidney, 88, 146 Ashley, C. A., 36 absorbtion approach of, 146 Ashley, W. J., 22 “Effects of Devaluation on the Trade Asia, Johnson’s visits to, 138, 146, Balance” (1952), 88 171–73, 174, 266, 281, 316, Alford, Roger, 289 407–08 Allen & Unwin, 261, 353–56, 379 Asimakopulis, Tom, 97 Allen, R. G. D. Association of University Teachers of Mathematics for Economists, 85 Economics (AUTE), 3, 108, 129, Allen, W. R., 398 134, 281, 305, 307, 308, 320, American Economic Association, 3, 322, 323, 326, 327, 344, 389, 111, 114, 134, 242, 244, 425 395, 411, 416, 428, 429 Readings in International Economics, Atkinson, A. B., 103 84, 139, 425 Atlantic Trade Study, 318, 319 Readings in the Theory of Atwood, John, 45–46, 70 International Trade, 84 autobiography, memory of subject and, American Keynesianism, 83 5–7 Anderson, Roger, 32 Anglo-American Loan Agreement Bailey, Martin, 202 of December 1945, 66, 78, Baird, Joyce, 173 88 balance of payments: monetary Anglo-Canadian trade, 114, 115 approach to Annan, Noel, 100, 118 as a counter-revolution, 347–61 Antigonish, 39–54 ﬁrst appearance of, 333, 347–48 Johnson’s friendships in, 45–47 hints of 1969, 1970, 347 population of Antigonish County, impact of, 351, 358–59 48 Johnson’s different attitude towards, See also St. Francis Xavier University 351

459

460 Index

balance of payments (cont.) Bennett, Christopher, 118 Johnson’s high hopes for, 351, 355 Bernhard-Harms Prize, 2, 406 Johnson’s unluckiness with Bernstein, E. M., 256 International Monetary Research Berrill, Kenneth, 60, 79, 96, 98, 127 Programme, 352–53 Berry-Ramsey Fellowship in King’s, 95, timing, 351–52 96 The Monetary Approach to the Beveridge, W. H., 51, 63 Balance of Payments (1976); Full Employment in a Free Society problems of publication, (1944), 61 353–56; problems with Journal Report on Social Insurance (1942), of International Economics over, 51, 62 356–58 Bhagwati, Jagdish, 101, 180, 197, 203, balance of payments: “Towards a 204, 261, 262, 264, 356–58, 382, General Theory of,” 145–48 414, 426, 429 origins of, 145–46 Bickerdike, C. F., 161 relationship to Meade, Tinbergen, Bissell, Claude, 208, 209 and Alexander, 146 Blackett, P. M. S., 161 relationship to monetary approach, Blackhurst, Richard, 410 148, 348 Bladen, Vincent, 23, 28, 36, 37, 103, Balogh, Thomas, 132, 139, 151, 156, 110, 111, 114, 140, 157, 188, 178, 181 191, 223, 224, 261, 266, 397, bank advances, 132, 134, 135 404, 422, 424 Bank of England, 309, 335 Bladen on Bladen (1978), 28, 223 Bank of England Act 1946, 132 Introduction to Political Economy Barber, Clarence, 216, 266, 429 (1941), 223 Barclay, C. R., 7 Johnson and, 28–29, 37, 110–11, Barkway, Michael, 215 208, 220–28, 397, 404 Barnard, Dorothy, 60 Blatz, William, 15, 17 Barr, Nicholas, 102n, 401, 402 Parents and the Pre-School Child, Bartlett, F. C., 6 Francis Johnson’s review of, 17 Remembering (1932), 6 Blaug, Mark, 393 Barzel, Yoram, 198 Bliss, Christopher, 406 Basevi, Giorgio, 266 Blyth, Conrad, 97 bastard Keynesian, 244, 343 Boas, Franz, 6 Joan Robinson’s invention of term in Bodkin, Ronald, 398 review of Johnson, 244 Boulding, Kenneth Bauer, Peter, 96, 124 Economic Analysis (1941), 75 Baumol, William, 98, 151, 162, 423 Boxer, Mark, 118 Becker, Gary, 197, 230, 234, 429 Boyer, Russell, 97, 396 The Economics of Discrimination Brady, Alexander, 23, 29, 36, 37 (1957), 230 Bragg, Lawrence, 161 Beckerman, Wilfrid, 106, 391 brain drain, 381 Bellagio Group Braithwaite, Richard, 116 formed 1964, 407 Brebner, J. B., 75 inﬂuence of, 260 Breton, Albert, 234, 313, 429 meetings of 1964–77, 229, 258–60, “The Economics of Nationalism” 394, 411 (1974), 230

Index 461

The Economic Theory of Cambridge. See also Cambridge Representative Government Conversazione Society; (1974), 313 Cambridge University; Jesus Brett, Lionel, 163 College; King’s College Bretton Woods system, 67, 71, 253, 352, drabness of, 98–100 360, 361, 363, 367, 368, 372–74, geography of, 94 392, 394 wartime damage, 98–99 Bridges, Lord Edward, 284, 285, 291 Cambridge Conversazione Society (the Britain Apostles), 116–22 balance-of-payments problem, 78, conventions of, 117–18 113, 254 history of, 116–17 European Economic Community Johnson’s contemporaries as (EEC) and, 174, 386–89, 391, members, 118 392 Johnson’s election to, 118 Johnson’s poll on entry into EEC, Johnson’s papers to, 118–22 389–91 Cambridge Keynesians, 3, 138, 421 trade, 386 Cambridge University, 164. See also trade policy network, 318 Jesus College; King’s College British banking, 130–36, 334–36 Berry-Ramsey Fellowship in King’s British economists, 309–11 and, 95, 96 Johnson’s reputation among, 108 Department of Applied Economics, money study group and, 308 60, 93, 101, 103, 104, 138, 156, British monetary policy, 111–14, 168 129–38 difﬁculty of contact with colleagues, National Income Machine and, 102 93–94 British North America Act, 40 economics in the 1940s and ’50s at, British wages, 136 93 Brittan, Samuel, 96, 201, 390, 415 entrepreneurial character of Brogan, Dennis, 60 intellectual life at, 159–60 Bronfenbrenner, Martin, 312 examination system for Income Distribution Theory (1969), undergraduates, 59 312 Johnson appointed at, 89–91 Brown, A. J. Johnson’s departure from, 156–60 The Great Inﬂation (1955), 138 Johnson’s dissatisfaction with, Brown, Henry Phelps, 278 156–60 Brunner, Karl, 247, 340, 361 Johnson as lecturer at, 93–108 Bryden, Ronald, 118 Johnson’s memoirs of in the 1950s, Bucovetsky, Meyer, 26, 34, 37, 60 4, 63, 129, 394 Burbank, H. H., 80, 87, 89 Johnson’s papers on Cambridge Burnham, James monetary controversies, 63–64, The Managerial Revolution, 68 126–29 Byatt, I. C. R., 316 Johnson’s relationships at, 97–98 Johnson as undergraduate at, 58–70 Cagan, Phillip, 338 lectures at, 60 Caine, Sydney, 172, 283 Political Economy Club at,66, 93, 151 Cairncross, Alec, 166, 181, 189, 321, rationing at, 99 325, 422 students at versus Manchester, 164

462 Index

Campion, Harry, 161 Canadian trade policy, 214 Canada, Kingston Conference of “Canada – A Lost Opportunity” liberally minded people (1960), (article, Johnson), 114 213 Anglo-Canadian, 114–15 Johnson’s paper on external Cannan, Edwin, 387 economic policy for, 215–17 History of the Theories of Production Canada’s Foreign Trade Problems and Distribution in English conference, 214 Political Economy (1893/1917), Canadian Conversion Loan (1958), 85 219, 220 Cantillon, Richard, 349 Canadian economic policy, 8, 23, 30, capital accumulation, 380 33, 34, 98, 109, 115, 213, 214, Carleton University, 158, 219, 416 218, 248–53 Carter, Charles, 30n, 59, 93, 166, 170, Coyne’s resignation and, 220 208, 321–23, 325 economic gadgetry, 220 Caves, Richard, 303, 317, 394 Bladen Report as example of, Chacholiades, Militades, 426 220–25 International Monetary Theory and economic integration with U.S. and, Policy (1978), 426 214–17 International Trade Theory and Policy imitative magic, 220 (1978), 426 Johnson’s Porter Commission work, Chamberlin, Edward, 36, 42, 43, 80, 81, 249–51 87, 88 Johnson’s “Problems of Canadian Theory of Monopolistic Competition, Economic Policy” lecture at 36, 42, 80 LSE, 225–28 Champernowne, David, 107, 322, Canadian Education Section at 324 Canadian Military Chapman, Brian, 170 Headquarters (CMHQ), 55, 56 Chapman, S. J., 161 Canadian Institute of International Cheadle, Cheshire, Johnson’s home Affairs, 109, 214 while at Manchester, 162 Canadian Marsh Report [1943], 51 cheap money, 129 Canadian nationalism, 116, 216 Chicago Money Workshop, 252 Johnson on, 217–19 child study movement, 15 Canadian Ofﬁcers’ Training Corps Christ, Carl, 208 (COTC), 24, 25, 40 Clark, Robert, 116 Canadian Political Science Association, Clark, S. D., 76 54, 170, 234 Clay, Henry, 161 Johnson’s Presidential Address to, Clower, Robert, 347 281–83 Coady, Moses, 47, 48 Canadian Royal Commission on Coburn, Kathleen, 28 Banking and Finance (Porter Coe, Virginius Frank, 23 Commission), 249–51 Cohen, A. V., 316 Canadian Royal Commission on the Cohen, Ruth, 60, 96, 100, 103, 104 Automobile Industry (Bladen Coleman, Jack, 27 Commission) Committee for the Comparative Study Johnson’s review of Report, 221–23 of New Nations (CCSNN), 228, Canadian tariffs, 214, 216, 222 229

Index 463

Johnson’s paper “A Theoretical customs unions, 105, 174, 233 Model of Economic Johnson’s theoretical discussions of, Nationalism in New and 174–79 Developing States” and, 229–32 Committee on the Working of the Dales, John, 27, 35, 37, 85, 91, 221, 225, Monetary System, U.K. 226 (Radcliffe Committee), 181–84, Dalton, Hugh, 58, 95, 129, 140 308, 338 Dawson, Robert MacGregor, 23, 28, 32, Johnson’s proposals for 52, 53 greater transparency in ofﬁcial Day, A. C. L., 101, 135, 189, 254, 280, discussions, 182–83 297, 391 reserve requirements, 184 “The Future of the LSE – Some role of bank rate, 182–84 Economic Considerations,” 297 role of open market operations, Deane, Phyllis, 322, 326 183, 184 demand for money, 243, 245, 247, 248, Common Agricultural Policy, 385, 337, 341, 342, 345 388 Dennison, Stanley, 96 conﬁdence, 259, 370, 373 Devons, Ely, 161, 165–68, 190, 191, Conservative Party (Canadian), 215 209, 226, 261, 278–80, 399 Conservative Party (Ontario), 13 Johnson on, 280 consumption function, 200 Dickinson, H. D., 65 Cook, Lesley, 60 Diefenbaker, John, 215 Cooper, Richard, 377 Dillon, Douglas, 257 Corbet, Hugh, 318, 319, 375, 379, 380 Dixit, Avinash, 228, 382 Corden, Max, 107, 108, 152, 154, 265, Dobb, Maurice, 58, 60, 63–66, 76–78 266, 319, 378, 406, 416, 424, Capitalist Enterprise and Social 428, 429 Progress (1925), 63 Corry, Bernard Political Economy and Capitalism on the PhD in Britain, 286 (1937), 63 Council of Ontario Universities, Dobbs, Kildaire, 217 evaluation of graduate dollar shortage, 113, 151, 152, 253, 255, programmes in economics, 375 305–06 Dornbusch, Rudiger, 356, 403 Council of Westminster, 116 Dorrance, Graeme, 104 Cowles Commission, 75, 197 Dow, J. C. R., 181 Coyne, James, 219 Downs, Anthony, 207, 230 Johnson and, 226–28 An Economic Theory of Democracy resignation of, 219, 220 (1957), 230 Coyne affair, 219 Draaisma, Douwe, 7 Cripps, Francis, 324, 325, 401 Duesenberry, James, 85, 173, 398 Croome, David, 308 Dymond, W. R., 26, 27, 37 Crum, William Leonard, 30, 79, 80 (with J. Schumpeter) Rudimentary Easterbrook, Tom, 114, 208 Mathematics for Economists and economic development Statisticians (1946), 80 market as the instrument of choice Cunningham, Catherine, 308 for, 266–67, 268 Curzon, Gerard, 4, 265, 397, 410 policies inhibiting development

464 Index

economic development (cont.) Foot, Michael, 177 in developed countries, 269 Foster, Christopher, 118, 168, 171 in less-developed countries, Fox, Paul, 76, 225, 226 268–69 Franks, Sir Oliver, 254 possible reforms within the existing free trade, 4, 174–79, 215–17, 317–18 framework, 269–70 agreement with the United States, possible major reforms evaluated 217 trade in primary products, 270–71 area proposals, 174 international monetary reform, Free Trade Area of Canada, the United 272–74 States, the United Kingdom,317 tariff preferences for Frenkel, Jacob, 97n, 348, 351–54, 357, less-developed countries’ 396, 403, 407, 410, 411, 426 manufactures, 271–72 Frickey, Edwin, 80 economic nationalism, 2, 229–32 Friedman, Milton, 8, 123, 191, 246–48, Economists’ Advisory Group, 334 419 Edgeworth, F. Y., 262, 322 on the demand for money, 247, 248, Elliott, G. A., 111, 129 341 Ellsberg, Daniel, 97 Johnson’s review of Friedman and Emmet, Dorothy, 162, 166 Schwartz’s A Monetary History European Coal and Steel Community, of the United States, 1867–1960, 174, 387 247–48 European Economic Community “The Optimum Quantity of Money” (EEC), 173, 174, 216 (1969), 336, 356, 429, 430 Britain and, 386–89, 391, 392 proposal to Johnson on Cambridge Johnson’s poll of economists on Economic Handbook, 186–87 Britain’s entry into, 389–91 Studies in the Quantity Theory of Spaak Committee of, 174 Money (1956), 138 European Free Trade Association University of Chicago and, 197 (EFTA), 174, 216 full employment, 63, 112, 137, 342 European Monetary System, 391 Furth, Charles, 261, 353, 355, 379, 397 European Monetary Union, 360, 368 Galbraith, John Kenneth, 1, 80, 169–70, Farrell, Michael, 96 234 Fellner, William, 259 The Affluent Society (1957), 169–70, Ferguson, Kim, 91 234 Ferguson, Sheila, 91 GATT, 266, 270, 271, 274, 374, 387 Fisher, Irving, 33, 298, 393, 394 Gehrels, Hans, 105 Fisher, Malcolm, 96 Genberg, H., 350 Fleming, Marcus, 174 Germany Fleming–Mundell model, 252, 253, 428 ability to pay reparations, 149 Flemming, J. S., 326 Giersch, Herbert, 395 flexible exchange rates, 240, 251, 252, Gluckman, Max, 166, 167 255, 256, 258, 364, 366–70, 377 (with Ely Devons) Closed Systems floating exchange rates, 252, 366–70, and Open Minds: The Limits of 376 Naivety in Social Anthropology Fogarty, William Patrick, 46 (1964), 166 Fogel, Robert, 208 Gordon, Scott, 225, 226

Index 465

Gordon, Walter, 213, 215–17, 226 Fiscal Policy and Business Cycles Johnson and, 226–28 (1941), 32 Gorman, Terence, 278 Full Recovery or Stagnation (1938),82 Gotto, Irene, 45 Harberger, Arnold, 10, 140, 187, 188, Graaff, Jan, 89, 96, 98, 104, 148, 150, 197, 202, 208, 210, 211, 353, 151, 154, 159, 203 378, 411, 418, 429 Theoretical Welfare Economics Harberger triangles, 190, 251 (1958), 150, 203 Harberger’s Law, 177 graduate education, 281–82, 305, Harberger’s Principle, 262 419–20 Harbison, Frederick, 186 Johnson on the PhD, 408 Harcourt, Geoff, 10, 97 Graduate Institute of International Harmer, Frederic, 66 Studies (Geneva), 4, 265, 288, Harris, Laurence, 293, 416 320, 360 Harris, Seymour, 81, 82n, 189 appointment for Johnson from John Maynard Keynes: Economist and winter quarter (1976), 402, 405 Policy-Maker (1955), 82n Johnson’s teaching at, 409 The New Economics: Keynes’ Graham, Billy, 120 Influence on Theory and Public Grant, J. W., 19 Policy (1947), 82n Gray, Hamish, 311, 313, 418 Harrod, Roy, 66, 77, 89, 140–42, 151, Greenaway, Gordon, 75 179, 253, 319, 360, 365, 428 Griffiths, Brian, 335 Life of John Maynard Keynes, 68 Griliches, Zvi, 199, 210, 414 Johnson’s contribution to, 68 Grubel, Herbert G., 378 Harry G. Johnson Memorial Meeting, Guillebaud, Claude, 186 431 Gurley, John, 245, 246, 430 Harvard University, 80, 158 (with E. S. Shaw) Money in a Theory courses taken by Johnson at, 85–89 of Finance (1957), 245 influence of graduate programme on Johnson, 89 Haberler, Gottfried, 42, 77, 79–82, influence of particular professors on 84–85, 88, 258, 259, 264, 360, Johnson 403 Alvin Hansen, 82–83 Prosperity and Depression (1937), 32, Gottfried Haberler, 84–85 42, 82, 84, 427 John Henry Williams, 85 The Theory of International Trade Joseph Schumpeter, 81–82, 85, 86 with its Applications to Johnson as graduate student at,79–89 Commercial Policy (1933/1936), Johnson on teaching at, 86–88 84 Johnson’s comparisons with Hahn, Frank, 98, 167, 278, 296, 316, Chicago, 418 348, 355–58, 391 Johnson’s PhD Haley, Bernard, 27, 242, 244–46 abortive dissertation on cheaper Hall, Robert, 157 money, 129 Hampson, A. H., 249 dissertation from previously Hansen, Alvin, 42, 43, 79, 80, 82–83, published articles, 173 85, 87, 88, 95, 129, 158, 343, 428 offers of positions to Johnson, 157, Business Cycles and National Income, 158, 299 42 Hawtrey, Ralph, 116, 349

466 Index

Hayek, Friedrich, 65, 88, 189, 200, 342, Keynesian theory and, 127, 137–38, 431 244, 337–41, 345 Heath, John, 203 monetarist theory and, 339, 341–42 Heckscher, Eli, 1, 3, 84, 179, 181, 381, and Phillips curve, 251–52, 337–41 426 Inman, M. K., 42 Heckscher–Ohlin model of Innis, Donald, 114 international trade, 1, 3, 84, Innis, Harold, 17, 23, 32–34, 36, 37, 39, 144, 179, 381, 426 42, 43, 52, 55, 58, 59, 65, 66, 70, Johnson’s major contributions to, 76, 109, 110, 122, 134, 223, 334 179–81 The Cod Fisheries: The History of an Helleiner, Karl, 31 International Economy (1940), Helliwell, John, 350, 351 33 Helpman, Elhana, 228, 382 death of, 114 Henderson, Hubert, 78, 133 The Fur Trade in Canada (1930), 33 Henderson, Ronald, 96 as head of Department of Political Hepburn, Mitch, 14, 15, 20 Economy at U of T, 74, 76 Hicks, John, 104, 106, 132, 133, 151, Johnson’s letters to, 42–43, 65, 78, 157, 161, 266, 309, 343, 350, 79, 87, 108, 111, 157 409, 428 on Johnson’s review of Canadian Value and Capital (1939), 37, 142 books, 108 Hicks, Ursula, 106 Johnson’s visit to, 110 higher education as a teacher, 33 financing of, 382 international corporation, 382 Hindmarsh, Harry, 12 International Economic Association, Hobbs, Geoffrey, 27 110, 171, 403 Hobsbawm, Eric, 116, 118 conferences, 110, 404 Hoch, Paul, 293 congresses, 380n, 403 Holdsworth, Michael, 356 design of courses for, 172–73 Hood, William, 75, 77, 88, 111, 112, international migration of highly 215, 249, 398 skilled people, 378–82 Hume, David, 349, 372, 373 international monetary problem, Hume, Patricia, 411 360–70 Hunter, Laurie, 168 Bretton Woods system as a response Hutchins, Robert, 193, 194 to, 360 Hyde Park, Chicago neighbourhood, changes in formulation with 193–96 monetary approach, 370–74 Hynes, Allan, 202, 429–31 traditional formulation after 1964, 360–70 IMF, 254, 256, 259, 363 adjustment, 259, 363, 367, 368, inflation, 137, 184–85, 336–40 370 inflation in Britain, confidence, 259, 363, 370 Johnson on causes of (1952) 112–13, liquidity, 259, 363, 370 137 (1956) 136–37; (1958) international monetary reform, 374 184–85; (1970s) 339–41 central bank cooperation, 250–51 inflation, theories of International Trade and Finance: Johnson on in 1954, 137–38 Frontiers of Research Johnson on in 1963, 336–38 conference, 394, 425

Index 467

international trade theory, 111, 114–15, appointment to Cambridge 149–56, 232, 260–66, 378, 386 University, 89–91 Britain and, 386 to King’s College, 95–96 game theory in, 156 appointment to Graduate Institute lectures, 101 of International Studies (Geneva), 402 Jackson, Henry, 116 appointment to LSE, 209–11 Jackson, Robert, 375 made joint with University of James, Warren, 109 Chicago, 211–12 Wartime Economic Co-operation: A appointment to St. Francis Xavier Study of Relations between University, 39–40 Canada and the United States appointment to University of (1949), 109 Chicago, 185–92 Jebb, Richard, 116 appointment to University of Jesus College, Cambridge, 58 Manchester, 157–58 economists at, 58–59 army career of, 55–58 inability to agree to offer Johnson a as Cambridge Conversazione Society fellowship, 94 Apostle, 116–22 Johnson as lecturer in economics at, as Cambridge undergraduate, 58–70 91, 93, 96, 100–02 as Charles L. Grey Distinguished Johnson as undergraduate at, 58–70 Service Professor of Economics, Jevons, William Stanley, 161, 166 402 Jewkes, John, 161 as Council of Westminster delegate, Johns Hopkins University, 209 116 Johnson, D. Gale, 187 as editor, 2, 265, 415 Johnson, Elizabeth (wife of HGJ), See Economica, 2, 323 also Serson, Elizabeth, and Journal of Political Economy, 2, Simpson, Elizabeth, 4, 226, 403 208, 323, 415, 416 on life in Chicago, 201 Manchester School, 2, 323, 415 on Phillips Machine, 103 Review of Economic Studies, 2, Johnson, Frances (mother of HGJ), 28 104–08, 323, 415, 416 “A Genetic Theory of Distraction in as graduate student at U of T, 75–77 Young Children” (thesis), 17 as Harvard graduate student, 79–89 “Where a Child Can Be a Child,” 17 as instructor at U of T, 8, 74 as a Parent Education leader, 17 as lector in economics for Trinity Johnson, Harry College, Cambridge, 96 1969 Autobiographical Notes of, 4, 8, as lecturer at Cambridge, 93–104, 28, 190, 191, 205, 213, 422 159 1974 Memoirs, 5, 287, 299, 329, 403 as member of the secret seminar at 1974 Self-Evaluation, 4, 8, 191, 213, King’s College, Cambridge, 93, 252, 268, 415 95, 96, 132, 421 acerbic tone of later pieces by, 409 as reviewer of Canadian books for American Economic Association, the Canadian Journal of meetings, debut Economics and Political Science, as paper presenter, 114 108–10 as participant, 188 as temporary wartime civil servant in Antigonish movement and, 49–54 Ottawa, 37

468 Index

Johnson, Harry (cont.) The Canadian Quandary (1963), as the city boy in the country, 18 239, 240, 350 as visiting professor at the University Canadian Royal Commission on of Western Ontario, 224 Banking and Finance (the Asian visits of, 171–73, 266, 281 Porter Commission), 249–51 Aspects of the Theory of Tariffs (1971), Canadian Royal Commission on 261–64, 424 Canada’s Economic Prospects Corden’s review of, 428, 429 (the Gordon Commission), eventually published version, 227 179 review of Preliminary Report, original conception of, 261 213–14 revived in 1970 in memory of Ely Canadian Royal Commission on the Devons, 261 Automobile Industry (the Association of University Teachers of Bladen Commission), review of, Economics and, 3, 108, 129, 221–23 134, 281, 305, 307, 308, 320, Canadian Royal Commission on the 322, 323, 326, 327, 344, 389, Economic Union and 395, 411, 416, 428, 429 Development Prospects for at Chicago, 193–212, 393, 394, 398, Canada (the MacDonald 402, 404, 405, 418–20, 423 Commission), inﬂuence of at Kingston Conference of liberally Johnson’s writings on the chair, inclined people (1960), 215–17 217 at LSE, 276–303 case for specialization in graduate at Manchester, 161–71 education in economics, 281–82 at St. Francis Xavier University Chicago apartment of, 200 (Antigonish), 5, 39–54 citation count, 425–28 at St. George’s School, 17 colleagues at Manchester, 161, at Section School #8, 18 164–68 at University of Toronto, 5 college choice of, 22 at University of Toronto Schools Committee for the Comparative (UTS), 19, 20 Study of New Nations at Victoria College, 22, 26, 28, 37 (CCSNN) and, 228, 229, 232 at Wright and McMillan, 21, 29, 31 Committee on the Working of the at Yale as Irving Fisher Professor, Monetary System and, 181–84 393, 394 conference-going of, 2, 52, 214, 215, athletic career of, 20 259, 281, 302, 305, 306, 308, Aubrey Silberston on, 63, 69, 78, 89, 338, 339, 360, 381, 382, 393–95, 94, 96, 98 397, 398, 404–08, 411, 413, 422, Becker’s The Economics of 423, 425 Discrimination and, 230 contribution to economics of, 1–3, Berry-Ramsey Fellowship in King’s 358–59, 380–85, 413 (Cambridge) and, 95, 96 contributions to Association’s birth of, 12 Readings in International Cambridge Economic Handbook Economics, 425 proposal and, 186–87 courses taken at Harvard, 85–89 Cambridge lectures attended by, 60 courses taught at St. Francis Xavier, Canadian nationality of, 116 41

Index 469

courses taught in Chicago, 242, 404, graduate programs review of 405 Council of Ontario Universities, death of, 395, 412 281–305 death of father, 112 graduate programs review of deferral of draft and, 40 Council of Ontario Universities, demonising of Vincent Bladen, 303–05, 418–19 Walter Gordon and James Grant Reuber and, 251–52 Coyne, 226–28 Heckscher-Ohlin model and, 1, Dennis Robertson and, 79, 87–91, 179–81 95, 127, 131–32, 135 Highbrow Investments of, 220 deteriorating health of, 298, 394, 403 hiring of by University of Chicago, development of money supply 185–90 statistics for the United hiring reform efforts at LSE, 289–91, Kingdom project, 138, 159, 182 419–20 difﬁcult transition of to University of honorary degrees of, 2, 394, 411 Chicago, 201–09 illnesses dissatisfaction with and departure jaundice, 351, 394 from Cambridge University, pneumonia, 112, 162 156–60 sinusitis, 55 Donald Macdonald on, 217 stroke and hepatitis (1973), 353, Down’s An Economic Theory of 380, 395–96; damage, 396–97 Democracy and, 230 stroke and liver problems (1977) drinking of, 27, 46, 108, 171, 190, 310–12 202, 298, 393, 394 implications of move to country, 18 early education of, 17–21 in Bladen on Bladen, 28 Economic Nationalism in Old and in London (1945), 55–58 New States (1967), 228 international monetary reform and, Economic Policies Towards Less 253–60, 363–77 Developed Countries (1967), International Trade and Economic 266, 267, 427 Growth (1958), 139, 152, 155, The Economics of Exchange Rates (ed. 173, 187, 417 with Jacob Frenkel) (1978), international travel of, 2, 171–73, 348, 352, 426 243, 266, 275, 280–81, 301, editorial career of, 2, 104–08, 208, 394–95, 404–08, 418 265, 323, 415, 416 John Atwood and, 45–46, 70 Elizabeth Serson and, 26, 31, 39, 91 joint appointment with LSE and essays at U of T, 76 University of Chicago, 211–12, forgetfulness of, 298, 393 398–99 Frederick Norman on (1945), 57 joint appointment with Graduate free trade/Canada, 317–18 Institute for International friendship with Molly (1945), 57 Studies, Geneva and University friendships at St. Francis Xavier, of Chicago, 252n, 402–03, 45–47 405–06, 409–10 Galbraith and, 169–70, 234 Keynes and Keynesian economics, Gideon Rosenbluth on, 52 and, 27, 32, 42, 63–64, 66–68, graduate education and, 281–82, 77, 88–89, 126–27, 135–36, 138, 296–97, 305–06 243–44, 333–34, 339–44

470 Index

Johnson, Harry (cont.) on British monetary policy, 111–14, Lags in the Effects of Monetary Policy 129–38, 182–85 in Canada (with John Winder) on C. Fred Bergsten and W. R. (1963), 248 Cline’s “Increasing Economic leave of absence for wheat harvesting Interdependence: The during 4th year, 35 Implications for Research,” 409 lectures on advanced theory of on Cambridge controversies, 63, international trade, 101 126–29, 243 lectures on money and banking, 101, on Canadian monetary policy, 115, 102 214–17, 225–28, 249–51 letters from Maurice Dobb at on Canadian nationalism, 217–19, Cambridge, 76–78 225 letters to Harold Innis, 42–43, 55, on Canadian trade policy, 114–15, 59, 65, 66, 70, 78, 79, 87, 108, 214 111, 157 on contract research by Lionel Robbins and, 139–40, 189, governments, 282, 332 284, 301–03, 321–22, 325 on Devons–Lewis staff seminar at MSc reform efforts at LSE, 287–89 Manchester, 168 Manchester chair in Economic on economic development, 266–75 Theory, 151, 157–58 on economic integration between marriage of, 91 U.S. and Canada, 214–17 Max Corden on, 107–08, 151–52, on economic nationalism, 229–32 154, 174, 179, 233n, 262, 264, On Economics and Society (1975), 265, 378, 381, 428–29 239, 417, 423 memoir writing of, 4–5, 28, 69, 300, on EEC, 174–79, 389–91 403 on Ely Devons, 165, 167, 190, 261, memoirs of Cambridge in the 1950s, 280, 399 4, 63, 69n, 129, 394 on financing higher education, Milton Friedman and, 8, 123, 305–06, 382 186–87, 191, 246–48, 336, on flexible exchange rates, 364, 340–41, 419, 430–31 366–70 The Monetary Approach to the on graduate education, 281–82, Balance of Payments (1975), 419–20 248, 250, 351, 353–59 on Harold Innis, 3–4 monetary economics writings during on Harold Innis as head of Manchester years, 181–85 Department of Political Money Study Group and, 308–11, Economy at U of T, 74 339, 342, 361, 418, 419 on his father, 18–20 Money, Trade and Economic Growth on father’s association with Mitch (1962), 138, 146, 172, 266, 417 Hepburn, 20 Joan Robinson’s review of, 244 on inflation, 136–37, 184–85, 244, nihilism of, 150, 151, 156, 179 336–40, 350, 371–72 Nobel Prize nomination of,1, 3, 5, 397 on international migration of highly on anti-Americanism, 218 skilled people, 378–82 on balance of payments, 2, 139–48, on international trade theory, 151–52, 347–53, 362, 405 149–50, 173–81, 232–34, on British banking, 130–36, 334–36 260–66, 380–81, 382, 384–85

Index 471

on J. R. Hicks’s views in “What Is publishing projects of, 311–14 Right with Monetarism,” 409 R. M. MacIntosh and, 97, 215, on James Tobin, 246 230 on LSE graduate students, 280 recreational reading of, 423 on monetary approach to the relationships in Cambridge of, 97–98 balance of payments, 2, 143–48, resignation from LSE, 5, 398–402 347–53, 362, 405 resignation from Manchester, 192 on Moses Coady, 47 reviewing for The Economist, 157 on national styles in economics, reviewing for the Spectator, 171 327–32 reviews on Nicky Kaldor, 156, 159, 310–11, Friedman and Schwartz, A 389 Monetary History of the United on professional behaviour, 309–11 States, 1867–1960, 247–48 on protectionism, 232–34, 262–66, Galbraith’s The Afﬂuent Society, 384, 428 169, 234 on Richard Kahn, 409 Meade’s The Balance of Payments, on Robertson’s “Mr. Keynes and the 139–45 Rate of Interest,” 127 Preliminary Report of the Royal on Ruth Cohen, 5 Commission on Canada’s on Special Drawing Rights, 348, 351, Economic Prospects, 213–14 363, 364, 368–71 Report of the Royal Commission on students at Saint Francis Xavier, on the Automobile Industry, 43–45 221–23 on tariff bargaining, 154–56, 232–34 Rhodes scholarship application of, on the PhD, 408 30, 53, 57, 76 on transfer problem, 124, 148–49, Richard Lipsey on, 105, 108, 150, 408 190, 210, 426 on Wynne Plumptre, 30, 109, 115 Rosenbluth on, 27 optimum tariff articles, 154–56 Royal Economic Society and, 3, 78, The Overloaded Economy (1952), 242, 307, 320–27 112–14, 137 Samuel Brittan on, 96 parents’ advice on an academic scholarships won by, 19, 35, 57 career, 21 science policy research of, 2, 314–17 perfecting teaching skills The Shadow of Keynes (with Elizabeth at Cambridge, 102 Johnson) (1978), 4, 5, 410 at St. F. X., 43–44 shyness of, 19 PhD reform efforts at LSE, 289 surveys of monetary economics, Phillips Machine and, 164–67 244–46, 308, 338 poll of economists on Britain’s entry and the Chicago School, 245, 246 into EEC, 389–91 and Milton Friedman, 246, 247 position of leadership amongst organised by Keynes’s main ideas, postwar British economists, 108 246 Presidential Address to Canadian organised by research topics, 246 Political Science Association, teaching at Northwestern University, 281–83 123–24 Private Planning Association of teaching at Stanford University, 124, Canada and, 317–18 125, 138

472 Index

Johnson, Harry (cont.) Comparative Cost and Commercial Technology and Economic Integration Policy for a Developing World (proposed), 380 Economy (1968) 378, 379, Technology and Economic 380–81 Interdependence (1976), 223, “Comparative Problems of 379, 380, 385 Industrialisation of Less Technology, Time and Investment Developed Countries,” 407 (proposed), 379 “Contemporary Problems of The World Economy at the Industrialisation of Less Crossroads, 266, 368 Developed Countries,” 408 trade policy research of, 317–20 de Vries Lectures, 2, 334, 339–41, travel of, 2, 5, 100, 201, 203, 280–81, 342, 343 395, 403, 404, 411, 416, 418 “The Economic Approach to Social University Liberal Club and, 25 Questions,” 234, 236, 239, University of Toronto’s hiring 294–95, 296 attempts, “Economics and Politics of in Chicago, 308–09 Opulence,” 238, 239 in Manchester, 188 “Economic Theory and Vincent Bladen and, 29, 36–37, Contemporary Society,” 239 110–12, 140, 180, 208, 220–28 “The Effects of Monetary Policy on weight of, 19, 46, 397, 413 Economic Activity and the “Wicksell period” papers, 380–86 Question of Monetary wood carving hobby of, 5, 95, 162, Indicators,” 406 398, 423 Ely Lecture, 2, 334, 344–47 Johnson, Harry, lectures, 2 “Equity and Economic Theory,” 404 “Aspects of Patents and Licences as “Foreign Ownership and Economic Stimuli to Innovation,” 406 Policy,” 406 at LSE, 101–02, 209–10, 225–28, “The General Theory After 229n, 234, 236, 239, 261, Twenty-Five Years,” 242–44 294–95, 296, 333 Gilbert Lecture, 373, 375 at the University of Toronto Horowitz Lectures, 2, 404 (1952), 111, 112–14 in Karachi, 138, 146, 172, 266–67 (1965), 238–39 in Manchester, 151, 152–54 (1967), 239, 288 in Murree, 174 “The Balance of Payments,” 146, 172 in Singapore, 172–73 “The British Disease,” 405 “The Individual and the State: Some C. Woody Thompson Memorial Contemporary Problems,” 407 Lecture, 404 Inﬂation and the Monetarist “Cambridge in the 1950s,” 4, 394 Controversy (1972), 333, 334, “Canada in a Changing World 339–41, 343, 348 Economy,” 219 “Inﬂation as a Kind of Taxation,” “Commodities: Less Developed 407 Countries’ Demands and Innis Lecture, 2, 342–43, 404, 406 Developed Countries’ “International Commodity Policy Response,” 406 and the Integration of “Comparative Costs and Developing Countries in the Commercial Policy,” 172 World Economy,” 406

Index 473

K. E. Norris Memorial Lectures, 266 “Technology and Comparative “Keynes’s General Theory: Advantage,” 406 Revolution or War of “Technology, Technical Progress and Independence,” 334, 342–43, the International Allocation of 406 Economic Activity,” 384–85, Macroeconomics and Monetary 406 Theory (1972), 300, 313, 338, The Theory of Income Distribution 333, 347 (1973), 313 “Man and His Environment” 405 “The Transfer Problem: A Different “The Monetary Approach to the Approach,” 405 Balance of Payments,” 347–48, V. K. Ramsawami Memorial Lecture, 405, 407 408 “The Monetary Approach to Balance Vargas Lecture, 404 of Payments Theory,” 404 Wicksell Lectures, 2, 378, 379, “Monetary Theory and Keynesian 380–81 Economics” 172, 218 “World Inflation and the Money, Balance-of-Payments Theory International Monetary and the International Monetary System,” 405 System (1977), 404 “World Inflation, International “The New International Economic Monetary Reform and the Less Order,” 406, 407 Developed Countries,” 408 on advanced theory of international Johnson, Harry, papers, 380 trade, 101 Allan Hynes and, 429–31 on Keynes and Keynesian economics, “Alternative Guiding Principles for 4, 126–27, 242–44, 334, 342–43, Monetary Policy in Canada,” 406 249–51 The Overloaded Economy (1952), Apostles, 118–22 112–14, 137 “Is the Times Crossword a Good “An Overview of the World Crisis Thing?,” 118, 119–20, 165, 396 and International Trade,” 404 “People Who Live in Glass Houses “Planning, the Market and Economic Don’t Have To” 118–19 Development,” 172, 257–58 “Procrastination – Thief or Ali Plaunt Lectures at Carleton Baba?,” 121–22 University, 266 “Unenthusiasm as a Way of Life,” “The Probable Effects of Free Trade 118, 121, 150, 312 on Individual Countries,” 395 at Kingston Conference (1960), The Problem of International 215–17 Monetary Reform (1973), 374, “Canada – A Lost Opportunity, 375 114 “Problems of Canadian Economic “The Case for Flexible Exchange Policy,” 225–28 Rates, 1969,” 368–69, 377, 426 “Problems of Stabilization,” 407 “The Case for Increasing the Price of “The Significance of Lord Keynes,” Gold in Terms of All 126–27 Commodities: A Contrary Simons Lecture, 375 View,” 253, 255 “Stagflation,” 405 “The Cost of Protection and the Stamp Memorial Lecture, 2, 374, 375 Scientific Tariff,” 262–63, 428

474 Index

Johnson, Harry, papers (cont.) “General Principles for World “The Cost of Protection and Monetary Reform,” 375 Self-Sufﬁciency, 263–64 “The Implications of the Electrical “Crisis on the Cards since 1968,” (Radio) Industry for Public 370 Opinion,” 76 “The Criteria of Economic “The Inﬂuence of the Newsprint Advantage,” 174, 175–76 Industry on Public Opinion,” “Current Controversies in 76 Cambridge Interest Theory,” “Income Distribution, the Offer 128–29 Curve and the Effects of “Demand for Commodities Is not Tariffs,” 179–81 Demand for Labour,” 85 “Increasing Productivity, “The Determination of the General Income-Price Trends and the Level of Wage Rates,” 137 Trade Balance, 151–52, 172 “Discriminatory Tariff Reduction: A “Inside Money, Outside Money, Marshallian Analysis,” 174 Income, Wealth and Welfare in “The Dynamic Relationship between Monetary Theory, 429–30 Technology and Social Values,” “International Trade, Income 75 Distribution and the Offer “Economic Development and Curve,” 179–81 International Trade,” 154 “Keynes and British Economics,” “Economic Expansion and 341–42 International Trade,” 101, 151, “Learning and Libraries: Academic 426 Economics as a Profession,” “The Economic Future of Sex,” 431 404, 408 “The Economic Theory of Customs “Marshallian Analysis of Unions,” 174–75 Discriminatory Tariff “An Economic Theory of Reduction: An Elaboration,”174 Protectionism, Tariff “Major Issues in Monetary and Fiscal Bargaining and the Formation Policies,” 253 of Customs Unions,” 232–33 “Monetarism: A Historic Theoretical “seeks to start a whole new line of Perspective” (with A.R. Nobay), analysis,” 232 342, 408, 410 Corden on, 232, n.10 “Money in the Open Economy: A Lipsey on, 232, n.10 Historical and Analytical “The Economics of the Brain Drain,” Survey,” 354, 406 378 “Networks of Economists and “The Economics of Undertaking,” International Monetary 118 Reform,” 5, 259–60, 360–61, “Equilibrium Growth in an 407 International Economy,” 117 “The North-South Issue,” 407 “An Error in Ricardo’s Exposition of “Note on the Required Cash and his Theory of Rent,” 85 Liquidity Ratios as an Implicit “Factor Endowments, International Tax on the Clearing Banks, 335 Trade and Factor Prices,” 179 “On British Crises,” 137 “The Future of the Royal Economic on EEC, 270–78, 386, 388–92 Society,” 322 on Leon´ Walras, 76

Index 475

on Maurice Dobb, 76 “The Theory of Tariff Structure with “Optimum Tariffs and Retaliation,” Reference to World Trade and 144, 155–56, 172 Development,” 264, 428 “Optimum Trade Intervention in the “A Theoretical Model of Economic Presence of Domestic Nationalism in New and Distortions,” 232, 428–29 Developing States,” 229–32 “Optimum Welfare and Maximum “Towards a General Theory of the Revenue Tariffs,” 154 Balance of Payments,” 139, “The Political Economy of 145, 146–48, 348, 426 Opulence,” 170, 234, 431 “Trade Negotiations and the New “The Private Eye of Mickey International Monetary Spillane,” 118, 121–22 System,” 406 “The Probable Effects of Free Trade “The Transfer Problem and Exchange on Individual Countries,” 395 Stability,” 124, 139, 145, 148–49 “Problems of Efficiency in Monetary “Two Schools of Thought on Wage Management,” 335–36 Inflation,” 185 “Recent Developments in British “What Is Wrong with Graduate Monetary Policy,” 111, 112, 134 Education in Economics?,” 404 “Reform in the International “Wicksell period” papers of, 381–85 Monetary System,” 405 “World Inflation and the “Ruth Cohen: A Neglected International Monetary Contributor to Contemporary System,” 404 Capital Theory,” 5 Johnson, Henry Herbert Gordon “Secular Inflation and the (father of HGJ), International Monetary career, 12–15 System,” 371–72 death of, 112 “The Social Policy of an Opulent influence on son, 20–21 Society,” 234–38, 481 Johnson, Karen, 111, 156, 200, 404 “Some Economic Aspects of the Johnson, Ragnar, 94, 124, 156, 201, Brain Drain,” 381–82 405 “Some General Aspects of Monetary Johnson-Mundell experiment, 360 Policy,” 134 Johnston, Jack, 10, 167 “Some Implications of Secular Jones, Aubrey, 335 Changes in Bank Assets and Jones, R. W., 426, 428 Liabilities in Great Britain,” Jonson, Peter, 350, 353 130–31, 134 Josling, Tim, 319 “Some Reflections on the Revival of Journal of Political Economy, 252, 336 Monetary Policy in Great Britain,” 135–36 Kahn, Mohsin, 379 “The State of Theory in Relation to Kahn, Richard, 58, 95, 96, 101, 123, the Empirical Analysis,” 382 132, 141, 154, 159, 178, 191, “Technological Change and 207, 390, 391, 394, 409, 421 Comparative Advantage,” 408 Kaldor, Nicky, 78, 95, 96, 104, 107, 123, “Technological Change and 154, 155, 158, 159, 272, 273, Comparative Advantage: An 309, 310, 324, 387, 390, 391, 401 Advanced Country’s Viewpoint, An Expenditure Tax (1955), 311 403 Johnson on, 156, 159, 310–11, 389

476 Index

Kalecki, Michal theory of liquidity preference, 345 Essays in the Theory of Economic weaknesses as a theory of prices, Fluctuations, 61 138 Kaliski, S. F., 168, 216 Khaki Colleges, 58 Kane, George Louis, 46 Khaki University, 58, 59 Kaysen, Karl, 172, 173 Kierzkowski, Henry, 353 Kemp, H. R., 17, 25 Kimpton, Lawrence, 193 Kenen, Peter, 229, 394, 425, 426 Kindleberger, Charles, 151, 413 Kennedy Round, 387 King, William Lyon Mackenzie, 13, Kennedy, Charles, 132 14 Kennedy, John F., 263 King’s College, Cambridge Kennedy, W. P. M., 17 Johnson’s colleagues at, 95 Kent, Tom, 216 Johnson’s contact with graduate Kermode, Frank, 163, 168 students at, 97, 157, 159 Kerr, Ainsley, 44 Johnson elected Ramsey-Berry Ketchum, Bill, 28 fellow of, 95 Keynes, John Maynard, 32, 58, 65, 95, Keynes at, 95 423 “secret” seminar at, 93, 95, 96 at King’s, 95 strength in economics, 94, 95, 97n on balance-of-payments deficits with Kirkaldy, Harold W., 60 the United States, 67, 151 Knapp, John, 201, 232 The General Theory of Employment, Knight, Frank, 33, 36, 186, 197, 200, Interest, and Money (1936), 4, 205, 235 23, 32, 82, 84, 149, 243, 244, Risk, Uncertainty and Profit (1921), 333, 334, 341–44, 406, 421, 36 427 Knight, Malcolm, 352 Treatise on Money (1930), 82, 341, Kogan, Maurice, 306 342 Koopmans, Tjalling, 186 Keynes, Milo, 341, 342, 408 Krauss, Melvin, 289, 396, 404 (ed.) Essays on John Maynard Keynes Krugman, Paul, 1, 228, 382, 427 (1975), 341, 408 Keynesian economics, 3, 27, 32, 63, 83, Laidler, David, 136, 138, 202, 248, 300, 84, 126–27, 135, 142, 148, 309, 354, 418 186–87, 191, 205, 243–44, Lakanathan, P. S., 171 246–47, 310, 334, 342–43, 345 Lambert, Jessica, 75 bastard Keynesian, 244 Lambert, Norman, 14 Cambridge and, 95, 128–29, 243, Lancaster, Kelvin, 105, 174, 277 310, 334, 343, 405, 420 Lange, Oskar, 65, 77, 205, 330, 350 counter-revolution to, 344–46 Price Flexibility and Employment and inflation, 148, 244, 337, 340 (1944), 77 Johnson on, 126–27, 242–44, 334, “The Rate of Interest and the 339, 342–43, 406 Optimum Propensity to Oxford and, 334 Consume” (1921), 37 and role of money, 135, 138, 243–44, Laski, Harold, 285 246–47 Lauchlin, J. Laurence, 349 versus the economics of Keynes, 135, Lawson, William, 114 334, 343–44 Layard, Richard, 118, 121

Index 477

Leijonhufvud, Axel, 334 Johnson on graduate students at, On Keynesian Economics and the 280, 298, 402 Economics of Keynes: A Study in Johnson’s failure to gain chair in Monetary Theory (1968), 334 international economics Leith, Clark, 239 (1958), 139, 140, 189–91 Lemp, Jonkeer van, 260 Johnson’s hiring and tenure Leontief, Wassily, 79–81, 83–85, 87, 88 standards reform attempts at, The Structure of the American 289–91, 419–20 Economy, 1919–1929 (1941), 84 Johnson’s joint appointment with Lerner, Abba, 103, 104, 180, 410 Chicago and, 211–12, 399–401, Lewis, Arthur, 161, 166, 186, 187, 192 420 Liberal Party of Canada, 4, 51, 214–17, dependent on U.K. and U.S. tax 227 law, 212, 399–400 Liberal Party of Ontario, 13 Johnson’s lectures at, Liesner, Hans, 319 1954–56, 101, 146 Lipsey, Richard, 104, 105, 116, 159–60, 1964–66, 209–10, 211 174, 190, 226, 264, 277, 307, 1966–74, 298–89, 333 319, 330 Johnson’s MSc reform efforts at, on Johnson, 105, 108, 150, 190, 210, 287–89 426 crash course in mathematics and liquidity preference, 8, 34, 63, 64, 127, statistics, 287 128, 130–32, 134, 135, 243, 246, courses on “hot” issues from 248, 253–57, 259, 272, 335, 351, outsiders, 288–89 363, 365, 367, 368, 370–73, 375 increased theoretical content, Little, I. M. D., 140, 181 287–88 Lloyds Bank Review, 409 Johnson’s threatened resignation Logan, H. A., 32, 42 over, 288 (with M. K. Inman) A Social Johnson’s 1966 presidential address Approach to Economics (1939), to the Canadian Political 42 Science Association, as Logan, Sir Douglas, 211 background to efforts to reform London School of Economics (LSE), at, 281–83 276–81, 283–303 subsequent experience as reﬁning changes between 1950s and 1960s views, 283 expanded faculty, 276 Johnson’s PhD reform efforts, 289 expanded enrolment, 276 Johnson’s problems with MSc overcrowding, 277 stand-in, 298–300 economics department at, 278 Johnson’s proposals to make LSE a expansion of graduate teaching at graduate institution, 295–97 proposed, 277-78, 296–97 Johnson’s reform efforts affected by stymied by ofﬁcial policies, 277, part-time presence, 298, 419–20 298–99;420 founding of new universities and, Johnson’s resignation from, 398–403 276–77 Johnson’s successful capture of governance of, 278–80, 291 Lionel Robbin’s chair, 210–12 graduate arrangements on Johnson’s Johnson’s threatened resignations arrival, 286–87 from, 288, 299–300

478 Index

London School (cont.) MacNeil, Joseph, 44 Johnson’s vision of LSE as an Macpherson, C. B., 23, 25, 32 academic centre in the social MacPherson, Dr. Hugh, 47, 48 sciences, 301–03, 400 Macrae, Norman, 60 lack of institutional support for Maitland, F. W., 116 Johnson’s International Makower, Helen, 189, 330 Monetary Research Malthus, Robert, 307 programme, 352–53, 354 Malthus, T. H., 36, 58 Phillips machines at, 102–03 Manchester, see also University of “Problems of Canadian Economic Manchester Policy,” lecture at, 225–28 bleakness of, 162 Robertson’s move to (1938), 69 fogs of, 162 student troubles at, 283–86, 291–94 smokiness of, 162 closure of School (1969), 292 Marris, Robin, 60, 68, 79, 96, 158 Johnson on administration’s Marschak, Jacob, 186 handling of, 286, 294 Marshall Society, 68, 93 Johnson on effects of, 294 Marshall, Alfred, 30, 59, 61, 85, 88, 135, Lovell, Bernard, 162 149, 204, 235, 255, 262, 420 Lundberg, Erik, 395 Industry and Trade (1917), 61 Lydall, H. F., 182 Money, Credit and Commerce (1923), 85 MacDonald, Anne Marie, 41 Principles of Economics (1890/1920), MacDonald, Daniel J., 39 30, 61 Macdonald, Donald, 217 The Pure Theory of Foreign Trade MacDonald, Louise, 41 (1879), 85 MacDonald, Margaret, 41 Marshall–Lerner condition for MacDonald, Neil B., 224 devaluation to improve the MacDonald, Reverend Joseph A., 39 trade balance, 149 MacDonald, Ronald, 41 Marty, Alvin, 10, 97, 207, 336 MacDougall, Donald, 151, 323, 401 Mason, Edward S., 80, 81 MacEachen, Allan, 44, 56, 70 Massey, Vincent, 215 Macesich, George, 249 Masterman, Judith, 203 Macgregor, D. H., 322 Matthews, R. C. O., 96, 305, 323, 352, MacGregor, Donald, 23, 30 389, 420 Machlup, Fritz, 77, 149, 249, 258–60, Maurice, Frederick, 116, 117 360, 394 McCarthy, Joseph (U.S. Senator), 121, Foreign Trade and the National 122, 328, 331 Income Multiplier (1943), 149 McCloskey, D., 350 MacIntosh, R. M., 97, 220 McCurrach, David, 66 MacIntyre, Alex, 51 McDougall, Donald, 30 Mackenzie, W. J. M., 165–67, 201 McGillivray, Doug, 46 Mackintosh, W. A. McLeod, Theresa, 45 Economic Background to McLuhan, Marshall, 33 Dominion-Provincial Relations McNeill, William, 193 (1939), 35 McTaggart, J. E., 116 MacLean, Cecil, 45 Meade, James, 101, 102, 140, 142, 178, MacLean, Marion, 45 189, 191, 209, 319, 395, 420, 426

Index 479

The Balance of Payments (1951), Mitchell, Humphrey, 35 118, 145, 146, 172 Modigliani, Franco, 88, 173, 246, 247, Johnson’s review of, 139–44 311, 341, 342 A Geometry of International Trade Molly, 56–57 (1952), 145n monetary policy, British Planning and the Price Mechanism Bank rate rises, (1951), 131; (1952), (1948), 140 131; (1957), 163 Problems of Economic Union (1955), and control of inﬂation, 136 172 implications of changes in bank The Theory of Customs Unions balance sheets for, 130–31 (1956), 172, 174 revival of in 1951, 131, 134, 135–36 Trade and Welfare (1955), 144, 145n, Johnson defended by Hicks, 133 172 Johnson on, 111, 112, 132, 134, Mehrling, Perry, 83n, 135–36 Meier, G. M., 85 Robertson on Johnson on, 132–33 Meigs, A. J., 245 short-term usefulness of on Free Reserve and the Money Supply inﬂuencing stock-holding (1962), 245 decisions, 135, 136 Meiselman, David, 398 Money Study Group, 308–11, 339, 342, Meltzer, Allan, 340, 361 361, 418, 419 memory, of subject in autobiography, establishment of, 308 5–7 money supply statistics, 138 Merritt, William, 27, 37 Moore, G. E., 116 Metzger, Stanley, 320 Morgan, David, 355 Metzler, Lloyd, 77, 88, 149, 180, 186, Morgan, E. Victor, 134, 182, 335 188, 200, 205, 408 Morgan, Lorne, 30, 31 “Tariffs, the Terms of Trade and the The Permanent War or Homo the Sap Distribution of Income” (1943), 31 (1949), 88 Morshima, Michio, 288 “Unemployment Equilibrium and Mount Bernard College for Women, 40 International Trade” (1942), Mount Pelerin Society, 200 149 Muat, Frances Lily (mother of Middleton, Roger, 420 Johnson), 12 Charlatans or Saviours? Economists Multilateral Free Trade Association and the British Economy from option, 386–89 Marshall to Meade (1998), 420 Mundell, Robert, 145, 146, 196, 252, Mikesell, Raymond, 313 253, 338, 348, 360 The Economics of Foreign Aid (1968), Munzer, Egbert, 39 313n Myint, Hal, 106 Mill, James, 307 Myrdal, Gunnar, 118 Mill, John Stuart, 36, 37, 168, 349 Miller, Jonathan, 118 Namier, Lewis, 162 Miller, Karl, 118 Nastourni, Joe, 19 Miller, Marcus, 308, 357 National Income Machine, see Phillips Mincer, Jacob, 207, 313 Machine Mints, Lloyd, 111 National Resources Mobilisation Act,25 Mishan, E. J., 106, 330 National Selective Service, 39

480 Index

Nevin, Edward, 182 but cannot abandon it completely, Nicholson, Reverend Patrick Joseph, 338 40, 41 possibility of a trade-off, 251–52, 337 Nield, Robert, 60 Phillips Machine, 102–04 nihilism of Johnson, 150, 151, 156, 179 at Cambridge, 102–04 origins of, 150 Elizabeth Johnson on, 103 Nixon, Richard, 369, 370, 374, 375 at LSE, 102, 103 Nobay, Robert, 308–10, 314, 342, 353, Phillips, W. A. H., 102, 108, 189, 209, 410 278 Nobel Prize, 1, 3, 5, 161, 397, 409 Pigou, A. C., 59, 77, 94, 95, 101 Norgaard, Richard, 198 Economics of Welfare, 61 Norman, Frederick, 57 Plumptre, Adelaide, 30 Norman, Jean, 57 Plumptre, Wynne, 23, 25, 109, 115 Northwestern University, 123–24 Central Banking in the British Nova Scotia Department of Industry,46 Dominions (1940), 30 Nunn, Clive, 46 Johnson on, 30, 109, 115 Mobilising Canada’s Resources for Obstfeld, Maurice, 426 War (1940), 30 Ohlin, Bertil, 1, 3, 37, 82, 84, 144, 149, Polak, Jacques, 148, 348 179, 381, 426 Polanyi, Michael, 166 Oppenheimer, Peter, 391 Political Economy Club (Cambridge), optimum tariffs, 154–56 66, 93, 151 opulence, 2, 170, 234–39, 431 Political Economy Club (London), 307 Porter Commission, 251, 252, 257, 338 Paish, F. W., 78, 132 Porter, Dana, 248 Parkin, Michael, 299, 300, 308, 309 Postan, M. M., 60, 65 Parkinson, Harry, 19, 26 Prest, Alan, 96, 323, 325, 413 Parkinson, J. F., 25, 36, 37, 88 Princeton University Patel, I. G., 60, 79, 85, 87, 89 conferences at, 426 Patinkin, Don, 245, 249, 346, 393 Private Planning Association of Money, Interest and Prices (1956), Canada, 317–18 245 protectionism, 232–34, 428 Pattison, Mark publishing, 311–14 Essays, 421 Peacock, Alan, 139, 277 quantity theory, 138, 196 Pearce, Ivor, 106 Quebec separatism, Johnson’s views Pearson, Lester, 215 on, 240 Penrose, Edith, 305 Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Percival, A. L., 94 35, 214, 215, 256, 348, 404 Pevsner, Nikolaus, 92, 163 Institute for Economic Research, Phelps, Edmund, 338 255, 261, 416 Phillips curve, 102, 251, 337, 338, 339, Johnson as Skelton-Clark Professor 340 of Economics, 402, 404 ignoring role of expectations, 337, 338, 340 Ramsey, Frank, 116 Johnson uncomfortable with, 337, Readings in International Economics, 338, 340 139, 425

Index 481

real economy, inherent stability of Money (1922/28), 32, 187 accepted by Johnson (1971),339 Robinson, Austin, 58, 79, 98, 110, Reddaway, Brian, 58, 96, 138, 159, 321, 140–42, 159, 171–73, 320 322, 324, 326 Robinson, Bill, 27 Rees, Albert, 338 Robinson, Joan, 36, 37, 64–66, 68, 69, reminiscence effect, 7 77, 81, 89, 95, 96, 101, 106, 107, Report on Social Insurance (Beueridge) 127, 154, 158, 159, 207, 244 (1942), 51, 62 Accumulation of Capital (1956), 96 Reuber, Grant, 224, 239, 248, 251–52, dispute with Johnson over 317, 338, 416 methodology (1951), 118–19 The Objectives of Monetary Policy The Economics of Imperfect (1962), 251 Competition (1933), 61 shortened for Journal of Political An Essay on Marxian Economics Economy, 253, 338 (1943), 61 Review of Economic Studies, 63, 128, Essays on the Theory of Employment 155, 264, 323, 415, 416 (1937), 61 founding of, 104 An Introduction to the Theory or Johnson an editor of, 104–07, 415 Employment (1936), 61 revolutions and counter-revolutions in invention of term “bastard economics Keynesian” in review of Johnson on (1970), 344–46 Johnson (1962), 244 Keynesian revolution, 330, 339, 342, “The Production Function and the 343, 344, 345, 370 Theory of Capital” (1953–4), monetarist counter-revolution, 106–07 345–46 Rockefeller Foundation, 242, 378 monetary approach to the balance of Rogoff, Kenneth, 426 payments as a counter- Rose, Richard, 168 revolution, 348–51 Rosenbluth, Gideon, 17, 27, 28, 34, 37, Rhomberg, Rudolph, 249 54 Ricardo, David, 36, 85, 307, 349 Ross, G. R., 181 Richardson, Ray, 357, 401, 402 Rostas, Laslo, 60 Robbins Report, 276 Rowat, Donald, 37 Robbins, Lionel, 8, 9, 102, 139, 140, Royal Economic Society, 3, 78, 93, 242, 277, 286, 290–94, 301, 302, 321, 320–27, 401, 416 325, 326, 401 Johnson and the editorship of the on Johnson, 189 Economic Journal, (1969), Robertson, Dennis, 3, 4, 23, 66, 79, 89, 321–22; (1974), 323–25 94–96, 113, 116, 132, 135, 159, Johnson joins the Council of, 307, 189, 342, 421, 429 320 disagreement on Johnson’s lectures Johnson’s proposals for the future of, of, 127 321, 322, 323, 325 Essays in Monetary Theory (1940), Russell, Bertrand, 116 61, 64 Russell, Eric, 60 Johnson on “Mr. Keynes and the Rutherford, Ernest, 161 Rate of Interest,” 127 Rybczynski, Tad, 105, 107, 426 Lectures on Economic Principles Rybczynski Theorem, 105, 107, 428 (1957–59), 59 Ryder, Norman, 74

482 Index

Safarian, A. E., 416 Seldon, Arthur, 292, 410 St. Clement’s School, 17, 18 Seminar in Canadian-American St. Francis Xavier University (St. F. X.), Economic Relations at the 5, 8, 39–54, 173 University of Windsor, 378, 416 Antigonish movement and, 47–53 Sen, Amartya, 151, 197, 264 courses taught by Johnson at, 42 Serson, Elizabeth, See also Johnson, effect of experience on his career, 44, Elizabeth, 26, 31, 39, 91 53–54 Sharp, Mitchell, 215 Johnson’s friendships at, 45–47 Shaw Conference on Money and Johnson on students at, 42–43, 44–45 Finance in Economic Mount Bernard College for Women, Development, 398 40 Shaw, Edward, 138, 182, 245, 246, 430 St. George’s School, 15–17 retirement conference on Money and Johnson’s mother on staff of, 17 Finance in Economic St. Laurent, Louis, 214 Development, 397, 398 Salant, Walter, 257, 360 Shearer, R. A., 317 Samuelson, Paul, 3, 80, 124, 173, 242 Shepard, Herbert, 75, 85 Foundations of Economic Analysis Shils, Edward, 205, 211, 229 (1947), 159 Shonﬁeld, Andrew, 318 Sargan, Dennis, 280 Shoup, Carl, 188, 191, 313 Sargent, J. R., 182 Shove, Gerald, 60, 90, 116 Sayers, Richard, 114, 135, 181, 278, 286 Sohultz, T. W., 1, 234, 431 Schelling, Thomas, 85 Sidgwick, Henry, 116, 117 Schultz, T. W., 33, 123, 234 Silberston, Aubrey, 58, 60, 63, 64, 66, on Johnson, 1, 123, 431 69, 70, 78, 89, 91, 94, 96, 98, 100 Schumpeter, Joseph, 80–82, 85, 86, 230 Silcox, T. H., 172 (with W. L. Crum) Rudimentary Sinclair, W. E., 14 Mathematics for Economists and Sirluck, Ernest, 24, 196, 208 Statisticians (1946), 80 Sjaastad, Larry, 202, 407 science policy, Slichter, Sumner, 79 Johnson as examiner of French Smith, Adam, 36, 67, 71, 170, 235, 407 (1964), 314 Smithsonian Agreement, 370 Johnson as member of Daddario Sohmen, Egon, 204 Committee (1964), 314–15 Solow, Robert, 85, 96, 106, 338 Johnson as member of the British Somers, Hugh Joseph, 46 Council for Scientiﬁc Policy, Spaak, Paul Henri, 174 315–17 Special Drawing Rights, 351, 363, 368, Scitovsky, Tibor 371 “A Reconsideration of the Theory of Spengler, J. J., 171, 173 Tariffs” (1942), 154 Spillane, Mickey, 118, 121, 122 Scitovsky, Tibor, 155 Sraffa, Piero, 85, 96 Scott, Anthony, 85, 106, 107, 226, 378 Stamp, Maxwell, 254, 256, 319 Scott, Charles, 26 “The Fund and the Future,” 254 Scottish Catholic Society of Canada, 48 Stanford University, 124, 125, 138 Sears, Catherine, 49, 52 Sterling, John, 117 secret seminar, 95–96, 132 Steuer, Max, 319 members of, 96 Stigler, George, 196, 197, 424 Seers, Dudley, 171 Stone, Richard, 93, 95, 103, 142, 156

Index 483

Strachey, John trade policy research, A Programme for Progress, 61 Johnson’s North American Streeten, Paul, 181 experience Stykolt, Stefan, 97, 111, 112, 215, with the Brookings Institution, 220 266, 267–68, 318 Sub-Committee on International with the Canadian-American Exchange and Payments of the Committee, 317–18 Joint Economic Committee of Johnson’s view of such research in the U.S. Congress on Britain, 318–19 International Payments Johnson’s involvement in Imbalances and Need for the Atlantic Trade Study, 319 Strengthening International the Trade Policy Research Centre, Financial Arrangements, 255 318, 319–20, 375, 379, 386, 406, Swan, Trevor, 395 416, 418 Sweezy, Paul, 104 trade theory, 1, 3, 84, 88 Swoboda, Alexander, 288, 289, 298, important links to policy 348, 351 cost of protection, 232, 261–62, 263 tariff bargaining, 232–34 tariff structures and Tarshis, Lorie, 101, 124 non-economic objectives, Taussig, Frank, 83 232–34, 264–65 Tawney,R.H.,120 trade intervention in the presence The Acquisitive Society (1920), 170 of domestic distortions,232, 264 Taylor, Alan, 177 theory of customs unions, 174–76, Taylor,O.H.,80 233–34 Telser, Lester theory of effective protection, Competition, Collusion and Game 265–66 Theory (1972), 312 and income distribution, 179–80 Thistlethwaite, Frank, 98 transfer problem, 145, 148–49, 408 Thistlethwaite, Jane, 100, 201, 202 classical, 149 Thomas, Jim, 289 Keynesian, 149 Thompson, Norma, 45 Travis, William, 266, 429 Thorneycroft, Peter, 181 Treaty of Rome, 174 Tillyard,E.M.W.,94 Trembley, Rodrigue, 240 Timlin, Mabel, 111 Trevor-Roper, Hugh, 292 Tinbergen, Jan, 146, 252 Trifﬁn, Robert, 254, 256, 258, 259, 363, Tobin, James, 85, 88, 246, 247, 313, 336, 372 343, 344 “The Return to Convertibility on Johnson, 1, 123, 157, 158, 413 1926–1931 and 1958-?” (1959), Tompkins, Jimmy, 48, 52 254 Knowledge for the People (1920), 48 “Tomorrow’s Convertibility: Aims Toombs, Farrell, 56, 75 and Means in International Towse, Ruth, 393 Monetary Policy” (1959), 254 trade and growth, Gold and the Dollar Crisis (1960),254 dollar shortage origin of theorising, Tumlir, Jan, 410 151 Turing, Alan, 162 Johnson on, 151–54 Turvey, Ralph, 98, 139, 277 Trade Expansion Act of 1962, 386 Tyerman, Donald, 294

484 Index

Understanding Interdependence: The Johnson (ed.) Economic Macroeconomics of the Open Nationalism in Old and New Economy conference, 426 States (1967), 229, 230n unemployment, 126, 127, 136 compared with Harvard and Yale, United Nations Conference on Trade 418–19 and Development (UNCTAD), compared with MIT and Rochester, 266 419 Johnson’s survey of U.S. courses taught by Johnson at, relationships with 242, 244, 313, 398, 403, 404, less-developed countries and 405 policy alternatives, 268–75 Cowles Commission at, 75, 197 preparations for 1967 meeting, 266, economics at, 187, 196–200, 419 267–68 Gary Becker at, 197 United States George Stigler at, 196, 197, 424 balance of payments deﬁcit, 253, hiring of Johnson, 185–88 368, 370, 373 Hyde Park neighbourhood and, United States dollar, 193–94, 200–01, 393 devaluation of (1971), 369; (1973), intensity of discussion, 198 374 Jacob Viner at, 23, 197 economic integration with Canada Johnson appointed Charles L. Gray and, 214–17 Distinguished Service Professor, inconvertibility of, 369 402 Johnson’s prediction of (1964),257 Johnson as member of Friedman’s overvaluation of before 1971, 257 money and banking workshop, effects on United States economic 202 policy, 257 Johnson as running Friedman’s undervaluation of after 1971, money and banking workshop, United States-Canadian Automotive 242, 252 Trade Agreement (1965), 224, Johnson’s active social life at, 202 387 Johnson’s difﬁcult transition to, Universities-National Bureau of 201–07 Economic Research conference, Johnson’s joint appointment with 382 LSE and, 211–12, 398, 420 University of Chicago Johnson’s reaction to Anthony Downs at, 207 “intellectual brutalit,” 205 Arnold Harberger at, 187–88, 190, “A Keynesian’s Impression of 210–11 Chicago,” 205–07 balance of Johnson’s intellectual “a tough environment,” 205 activities between trade and Johnson’s search for interdisciplinary money, stimuli at, 208, 228–29 (1959–66) 242, 261 Lloyd Metzler at, 188, 200 (1970–77) 333, 378–79 Milton Friedman at, 123, 186, 191, Committee for the Comparative 196, 197, 202, 203–07 Study of New Nations PhD programme at, 197–98 (CCSNN), 208, 228–29 predominance of graduate school at, Johnson Paper “A Theoretical 196 Model of Economic role of economic theory in graduate Nationalism ...,” 229–32 training, 197

Index 485

tight prior equilibrium theory collegiate system, 22 (TP), 199–200 Victoria College; Johnson’s role of workshops in graduate choice of, 22; Johnson’s friends training, 197–98 at, 26 Theodore Schultz at, 186, 234 honours courses, 22–23 workshops at, 187–88, 202, 242, 252 pass courses, 22 University of Manchester attempt to hire Johnson from distinguished history of, 161–62 Manchester, 188 Ely Devons and, 165–67, 191 attempt to hire Johnson from faculty of, 161 Chicago, 208–09 faculty seminars in Social and changes in postwar enrolment at, Economic Studies, 168–69 73 governance of, 164–65 courses taken by Johnson as an halls of residence at, 164 undergraduate, Johnson’s adjustment to a economics and economic history, professorship, 167–68 28–29, 30–31, 32–34, 35–37 Johnson at, 161–92 political science, 28, 29, 31–32, 36 Johnson’s Chair in Economic courses taken by Johnson as a Theory, 151, 157–58 graduate, 75–77 Johnson’s colleagues at, 161, 165–67, courses taught by Innis, 32–34, 76 168–69 Department of Economics, 305 Johnson’s pedagogical changes at,170 Department of Political Economy Johnson’s teaching responsibilities Harold Innis as head, 33, 74 at, 168, 170 Johnson as graduate student at, Johnson’s relations with his 75–77 professorial colleagues, 167 Johnson as Centennial Professor Johnson’s resignation from, 192 at, (1967), 288 Johnson’s writings in monetary Johnson as instructor at, 74–75 economics at, 128–29, 145–46, Johnson’s criticism of hiring and 181–85 promotion standards at, 305, Johnson’s writings in international 421–22 trade at, 173–81, 260–61, Johnson’s criticism of graduate 262–63 economic history programme modern acrchitectur of, 163 at, 305 research fellows and associates at, Johnson’s graduate friends from, 168 85 research tradition of, 161–62 Johnson’s later friends from, 112, stimulus of interdisciplinarity for 225 Johnson, 168–70, 183n, 191–92 Johnson’s lectures at (1952), 111, sub-departments of economics 113–14 created at, 170 Johnson’s recommended splitting university’s attitude to students, 164 of Department, 305 University of Saskatchewan, 416 Graduate School University of Toronto (U of T), 18 Harold Innis as Dean, 33, 110 ability to revitalise itself because of proposed graduate programme in historical reputation, 302 public policy, 305 arrangements for undergraduate Institute for Child Study, origins education, of, 15–16

486 Index

University of Toronto (cont.) Williams, John Henry, 80, 83, 85, 86, Johnson offered honorary degree, 88, 151, 158, 373 410–12 Williamson, John, 298, 300 Johnson’s parents at, 12 Wilson, E. B., 80 Johnson’s undergraduate friends Wilson, Harold, 263 from, 26–27 Wilson, Thomas, 181 University of Toronto Schools (UTS), Winch, Donald, 326 19, 20 Winder, John, 248–50 University of Western Ontario, 217, Winter, Ralph, 202 224, 239, 256, 394, 405, 416 Wiseman, Jack, 135, 277 University of Windsor, 303, 378, Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 116 416 Wolfe, J. R. N., 112 Usher, A. P., 80, 86, 87 Wolfson, Harry, 215 Usher, Dan, 198 Wonnacott, Paul, 317 Wonnacott, Ron, 224 Vaughan, Roger, 417 Woodford, Michael Veblen, T., 33, 205 Interest and Prices: Foundations of a Victoria (university), 21–38 Theory of Monetary Policy Viner, Jacob, 23, 37, 83, 174, 175, 178, (2003), 427 197 Woodside, M., 28 The Customs Union Issue (1950), The World Economy at the Crossroads: A 174 Survey of Current Problems of Money, Trade and Economic Wall, David, 319 Development, 266, 317, 368 Wallas, Graham, 36 World Trade Organisation, 22 Wallich, Henry, 111 World War II, 24, 25, 151 Wallis, Allen, 197, 200 Worswick, David, 132, 174, 177, 178, Walras, Leon,´ 76 308 Walters, Alan, 289, 308 The Free Trade Proposals (1960), 174 Ward, James, 116 Wottom, Dick, 35 Watts, Ken, 56 Wright and McMillan, 21, 29, 31 Webb, Ursula, 104 Wright, David McCord, 85 Wedderburn, Dorothy, 60 Wright, Ward, 21 Weld, Jimmy, 26, 37 Wymer, Clifford, 352, 354, 396 welfare economics, 150 Wesner, Robert, 313 Yale University, 158, 299, 418, 419 White, Eric Wyndam, 319 Johnson as Irving Fisher Professor at, White, Harry Dexter, 23, 83 393, 394 Whitehead, Alfred North, 116 Yamey, Basil, 280, 290 Wicksell, Knut, 88, 106, 349 Young, Allyn, 83 Wicksell Lectures (1968), 2, 379 Young, Blyth, 26 harbinger of a larger research Young, J. H., 97, 216, 317, 429 programme with related Canadian Commercial Policy (1958), concerns, 378–79, 380–86 216 Wiles, Peter, 140 Willets, J. H., 114 Zecher, R., 350 Williams, B. R., 201 Zellner, Arnold, 212 Williams, F. C., 162 Zoltas, Xenophon, 256