DOCSLIB.ORG

St Eustatius National Marine Park Management Plan 2007

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
St Eustatius National Marine Park Management Plan 2007 St Eustatius National Marine Park Management Plan 2007 MacRae, D.R. and Esteban N. (2007), St Eustatius Marine Park Management Plan. C oastal Zone Management (UK) and St Eustatius National Parks Foundation (STENAPA ) Cover image courtesy of http://eol .jsc.nasa.gov Image number ESC _large_ISS010_ISS010-E-21423.JPG Nicole Esteban, Manager Duncan MacRae, Director Gallows Bay St. Eustatius Netherlands 22 Rosemundy, St Agnes, Cornwall, UK Antilles St. Eustatius [email protected] www.cozm.co.uk Phone/Fax+599-318-2884 ++44 (0)1872 552 219 ii Contents FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................................ V T ABLES ......................................................................................................................................................... V BOXES ......................................................................................................................................................... VI I MAGES ........................................................................................................................................................ VI I MAGE GROUPS ............................................................................................................................................ VII ACRONYMS AND A BBREVIAT IONS .................................................................................................................... VII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................................. VIII HOW TO USE THE ST. EUSTATIUS M ARINE P ARK M ANAGEMENT P LAN .................................................................. IX SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................................... X I MPLEMENTATION AND REVISIONS ................................................................................................................. XIII I NTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ XIV STENAPA and the Parks of St Eustatius ............................................................................................xiv Purpose of the Managem ent Pl an ....................................................................................................... xv Adaptive management and tim eframes ............................................................................................. xv PART 1: ST. EUSTATIUS BACKGROUND INFORMATION. ...............................................................16 LOCATION ...................................................................................................................................................17 HISTORY AND CULTURE ................................................................................................................................19 History ...................................................................................................................................................19 Culture ..................................................................................................................................................21 Population .............................................................................................................................................22 P OLITICS AND ECONOMICS ...........................................................................................................................24 Politics ...................................................................................................................................................24 Economy ...............................................................................................................................................24 Economic dev elopment ........................................................................................................................25 C LIMATE .....................................................................................................................................................28 GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY ..................................................................................................................31 O CEANOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................................................................34 T ERRESTRIAL FLORA AND FAUN A ...................................................................................................................36 Flora ......................................................................................................................................................36 Fauna.....................................................................................................................................................37 M ARINE HABITATS , FLORA AND FAUNA ...........................................................................................................38 Open Water...........................................................................................................................................39 Seabed – Seagrass...............................................................................................................................41 Seabed – Sand and Algae....................................................................................................................43 Seabed - Coral reefs ............................................................................................................................44 Intertidal -Beaches...............................................................................................................................50 Intertidal - Rocky shores .....................................................................................................................54 SPECIAL INTEREST SPECIES ..........................................................................................................................56 HUMAN USE OF THE M ARINE E NVIRONMENT ....................................................................................................57 Tourism and recreati on........................................................................................................................57 Fisheri es................................................................................................................................................58 Artificial reefs........................................................................................................................................59 Shipping/ industry................................................................................................................................60 REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................................61 PART 2: MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENT. ............................................................................................62 I NTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................................63 ST. E USTATIUS M ARINE P ARK ......................................................................................................................64 Activities of the Marine Park................................................................................................................65 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE AND VALUES ....................................................................................................67 Statement of significance ....................................................................................................................67 A summary of values associated with St. Eustatius Marine Park.....................................................68 V ISION , M ISSION AND GOALS ......................................................................................................................70 VISION ..................................................................................................................................................70 MISSION ...............................................................................................................................................70 GOALS ...................................................................................................................................................70 ZONING .....................................................................................................................................................72 Zone l ocation ........................................................................................................................................72 iii GOVERNANCE ..............................................................................................................................................74 Board .....................................................................................................................................................75 Institutional arrangements ..................................................................................................................76 St. Eustatius Marine Environment Ordinance ....................................................................................77
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Preliminary Checklist of Extant Endemic Species and Subspecies of the Windward Dutch Caribbean (St
    Preliminary checklist of extant endemic species and subspecies of the windward Dutch Caribbean (St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba and the Saba Bank) Authors: O.G. Bos, P.A.J. Bakker, R.J.H.G. Henkens, J. A. de Freitas, A.O. Debrot Wageningen University & Research rapport C067/18 Preliminary checklist of extant endemic species and subspecies of the windward Dutch Caribbean (St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba and the Saba Bank) Authors: O.G. Bos1, P.A.J. Bakker2, R.J.H.G. Henkens3, J. A. de Freitas4, A.O. Debrot1 1. Wageningen Marine Research 2. Naturalis Biodiversity Center 3. Wageningen Environmental Research 4. Carmabi Publication date: 18 October 2018 This research project was carried out by Wageningen Marine Research at the request of and with funding from the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality for the purposes of Policy Support Research Theme ‘Caribbean Netherlands' (project no. BO-43-021.04-012). Wageningen Marine Research Den Helder, October 2018 CONFIDENTIAL no Wageningen Marine Research report C067/18 Bos OG, Bakker PAJ, Henkens RJHG, De Freitas JA, Debrot AO (2018). Preliminary checklist of extant endemic species of St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba and Saba Bank. Wageningen, Wageningen Marine Research (University & Research centre), Wageningen Marine Research report C067/18 Keywords: endemic species, Caribbean, Saba, Saint Eustatius, Saint Marten, Saba Bank Cover photo: endemic Anolis schwartzi in de Quill crater, St Eustatius (photo: A.O. Debrot) Date: 18 th of October 2018 Client: Ministry of LNV Attn.: H. Haanstra PO Box 20401 2500 EK The Hague The Netherlands BAS code BO-43-021.04-012 (KD-2018-055) This report can be downloaded for free from https://doi.org/10.18174/460388 Wageningen Marine Research provides no printed copies of reports Wageningen Marine Research is ISO 9001:2008 certified.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Marine
    MARiNe BIOdiveRsity BioNews 2019 - Content 2 3 4 5 6 ... Unexpected high number of endemics for the windward Dutch Caribbean Islands This article was published in BioNews 21 In light of the mounting impact of humans on discover just how rich the biodiversity of the Dutch Netherlands (Bos et al., 2018). The authors re- our planet, there is an urgent need to assess the Caribbean is. Each island has its own unique natu- viewed all literature available, including the 1997 Table 1: Breakdown of the 223 endemic species and subspecies status of all current living species so as to ensure ral history, its own special ecosystems and habi- biological inventories of Saba, St. Eustatius and according to larger taxonomic groupings (Bos et al., 2018) their long-term survival through adequate tats teeming with rare and exotic life. The remark- St. Maarten (Rojer, 1997abc) and the 2015 Beetles (Coleoptera) 33 conservation measures. Endemic species - de- able variety of terrestrial and marine habitats, Naturalis marine and terrestrial expedition to Gastropods 28 fined as “native and restricted to a certain place” including coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves, St. Eustatius which uncovered at least 80 new spe- (Merriam-Webster, 2018) - have an especially saliñas, rainforests, cactus and woodlands means cies for the island (Hoeksema & Schrieken, 2015). Spiders, scorpions and pseudoscorpions (Arachnida) 23 important ecological value due to their limited that the diversity of species is extraordinary. Birds 23 geographical range. Their increased vulnerabil- Recent biodiversity expeditions to the windward The checklist of endemic species put together by Grasshoppers, locusts and crickets (Orthoptera) 22 ity to natural and anthropogenic threats such as islands of the Dutch Caribbean (Saba, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Current Fisheries Management Performance and Conservation Measures in the WECAFC Area
    ISSN 2070-7010 FAO 587 FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL PAPER 587 Review of current fisheries Review of current fisheries management performance and conservation measures in the WECAFC area management performance and conservation measures in the WECAFC area This technical paper provides an inventory and describes trends in legal, administrative and management frameworks in place for managing marine capture fisheries in the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) area. The review includes 16 countries and overseas territories and is part of an ongoing process initiated by FAO to report on the state of world marine capture fisheries management. The review identifies a number of challenges in fisheries management, including inadequate legislation; ad hoc management processes and plans; uncoordinated monitoring and enforcement; insufficient stakeholder identification and participation, conflict resolution and fishing capacity measurements; limited incorporation of issues pertaining to the operation of multispecies fisheries and use of the ecosystem approach; unequal application of management tools and measures across fisheries subsectors; and rising fisheries management costs coupled with stagnant budgets for governments. Actions are listed to address the challenges and specific recommendations are made to address legislative issues, apply participatory approaches and fisheries management processes. The 15th session of WECAFC endorsed the review outcomes and adopted recommendation WECAFC/15/2014/4 “on strengthening fisheries management planning in the WECAFC area”. This technical paper aims to inform fishery policy decision-makers, fishery managers and other stakeholders with interest in fisheries in the Wider Caribbean Region. ISBN 978-92-5-108672-8 ISSN 2070-7010 FAO 9 789251 086728 I4255E/1/12.14 Cover photographs: Susan Singh-Renton.
    [Show full text]
  • Bionews ISSUE 21 - 2019
    BIONEwS ISSUE 21 - 2019 1 Editor’s Letter 12 Research Overview 2 Unexpected high number of 14 Long-Term Projects Overview endemics for the windward Dutch Caribbean Islands 22 Monitoring Overview 5 Invasive seagrass Halophila stipula- 25 Monitoring & Research Wishlist cea discovered on Saba 32 List of Acronyms 6 Coralita, we’re gonna beat ya! 33 Reports and Publications 7 71st annual conference of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute 34 Calendar 10 Sargassum management Brief 35 Members and Contact 11 Vegetable cultivation on Bonaire 36 References Editor’s Letter Dutch Caribbean, February 2019 On Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Maarten and the Saba In light of recent and recurring influxes of sargas- Bank there are a minimum of 35 animal and plant sum on the islands of the Dutch Caribbean DCNA species that exist nowhere else in the world. has drafted a management brief, “Prevention and Additionally, 188 species are specific just to the clean-up of Sargassum in the Dutch Caribbean”, Antilles. There are only two endemics recorded in to help guide the process of collecting and dispos- the Netherlands’ mainland, which means that the ing of large quantities of the invasive seaweed. biodiversity of these islands is very unique. We present a range of feasible, cost-effective and environmentally sound solutions for removing Invasive seagrass Halophila stipulacea has now sargassum close to shore and on beaches in the also been discovered on Saba. The species had least damaging way, as well as current solutions for been discovered on other islands throughout the the use and valorization of collected sargassum.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lesser Antillean Iguana on St
    WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNALTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANSIRCF REPTILES • VOL15, N&O AMPHIBIANS4 • DEC 2008 189 • 20(2):44–52 • JUN 2013 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS FEATURE ARTICLES The Lesser. Chasing Bullsnakes (AntilleanPituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: Iguana on St. Eustatius: On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: AA Hypothetical2012 Excursion ............................................................................................................................Population Status UpdateRobert W. Henderson 198 RESEARCH ARTICLESand Causes for Concern . The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 . The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida 1 2 3 .............................................AdolpheBrian O. J. Debrot Camposano,, KennethErik B.L. Krysko, Boman Kevin ,M. and Enge, Hannah Ellen M. Donlan, Madden and Michael Granatosky 212 1Institute for Marine Research and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 57, 1780AB, Den Helder, The Netherlands ([email protected]) CONSERVATION ALERT 2Agriculture Department of St. Eustatius, Oranjestad, St. Eustatius ([email protected]) . World’s3St. Eustatius Mammals Nationalin Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • United Nations Ep
    UNITED NATIONS EP Distr. LIMITED United Nations Environment UNEP(DEC)/CAR WG.29/4.Rev. 1 Programme 3 July 2008 UNEP Original: ENGLISH Fourth Meeting of the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee (STAC) to the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW) in the Wider Caribbean Region Gosier, Guadeloupe, France, 2-5 July 2008 REVISED DRAFT ANNOTATED FORMAT FOR PRESENTATION REPORTS FOR THE AREAS PROPOSED FOR INCLUSION IN THE SPAW LIST OBJECTIVE The objective of this Annotated Format is to guide the Contracting Parties in producing reports of comparable contents as requested in Article 19 (2) of the Protocol, including the information necessary for the adequate evaluation of the conformity of the proposed site with the criteria set out in the Protocol and in the Guidelines (Guidelines and Criteria for the Evaluation of Protected Areas to be Listed under SPAW). CONTENTS The presentation report shall include the following main information on: (i) identification of the proposed protected area (ii) site description (iii) its Caribbean importance (iv) the activities in and around the areas and their impacts (v) legal framework (vi) management measures (vii) human and financial resources available for the management and the protection of the site. SUBMISSION OF REPORTS The reports should be submitted to the SPAW/RAC two months before the meeting of STAC for SPAW in English, Spanish or in French. Dossier should be compiled on A4 paper, with maps and plans annexed on paper with maximum size of an A3 paper. Contracting parties are also encouraged to submit the full text of the proposal in electronic form.
    [Show full text]
  • IVM Institute for Environmental Studies the Tourism Value of Nature on St Eustatius
    IVM Institute for Environmental Studies The Tourism Value of Nature on St Eustatius S. van de Kerkhof S.W. Schep P. van Beukering L. Brander E. Wolfs Report R-14/07 06 May 2014 This report was commissioned by: Ministry of Economic Affairs, Netherlands IVM Wolfs Company office: Institute for Environmental Studies VU University Amsterdam Sabadeco West 230 De Boelelaan 1087 Santa Barbara 1081 HV AMSTERDAM Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands The Netherlands The Netherlands T +31-20-598 9555 T +599 7883595 F +31-20-598 9553 E [email protected] E [email protected] Copyright © 2014, Institute for Environmental Studies All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo- copying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the copyright holder IVM Institute for Environmental Studies The Tourism Value of Nature on St Eustatius Contents List of abbreviations 5 Summary 7 1 Introduction 9 2 Context of this study 11 2.1 Project framework and funding 11 2.2 St Eustatius 13 2.3 Prior studies 16 3 Methodology 17 3.1 Theoretical background 17 3.2 Research method 18 3.3 Choice experiment design 19 3.4 Survey design 23 3.5 Procedure 24 3.6 Possible biases and challenges 24 4 Results 27 4.1 Visitor numbers 27 4.2 Representativeness 28 4.3 Visitor characteristics 28 4.4 Experience and activities 32 4.5 Perceived potential threats 34 4.6 Statements 34 4.7 Who is ‘in principle’ willing to pay for conservation? 37 4.8 Choice experiment
    [Show full text]
  • St Eustatius Sea Turtle Monitoring Programme
    ST EUSTATIUS SEA TURTLE MONITORING PROGRAMME ANNUAL REPORT 2004 Table of Contents I Summary.....................................................................................................................4 II Introduction .................................................................................................................6 III Participating organizations ..........................................................................................7 A) St Eustatius National Parks Foundation (STENAPA) ..............................................7 B) Wider Caribbean Sea Turtle Conservation Network (WIDECAST)..........................8 C) Working Abroad Programme: Statia Conservation Programme ..............................8 D) Dutch Caribbean Nature Alliance (DCNA) ..............................................................8 E) Funding agencies and donors.................................................................................8 IV Methodology ...............................................................................................................9 A) Study site: St Eustatius (DWI).................................................................................9 B) St Eustatius nesting beaches..................................................................................9 C) Pre-nesting (monitoring) preparation ....................................................................12 D) Patrol activities .....................................................................................................12 V
    [Show full text]
  • STENAPA Extra GCFI Annual Conference 3 New Endemic Species on Statia the Plight of the Iguana 4 in the Last Edition of STENAPA Extra, We of Gonolobus from St
    St Eustatius National Parks January 2014 Newsletter 1/2014 Inside this Publication... New endemic species 1 Marine Park activities 2 STENAPA Extra GCFI Annual Conference 3 New Endemic Species on Statia The plight of the iguana 4 In the last edition of STENAPA Extra, we of Gonolobus from St. Eustatius. highlighted the work of Dr. Frank Axelrod Garden improvements 5 from the University of Puerto Rico, who has been collecting and documenting Statia’s flora since 2009. Recent collections from St. Don’t forget… Eustatius, undertaken by the New York Bo- tanical Garden, and by Axelrod and National Park Ranger Hannah Madden, as part of an Guided Hikes: Are available ongoing study of the vascular plant flora of St. Eustatius, have resulted in the discovery Botanical Garden: Check out of a new species, herein described as Gonol- the view from the Lookout obus aloiensis (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoide- Garden Open from sunrise to ae, Gonolobinae). This species has recently sunset. Great for picnics. been described and illustrated by Axelrod and Dr. Alexander Krings in the Journal of Systematic Botany. G. aloiensis is a vine in Find us on Facebook: the milkweed family, named after the Ara- Keep up to date with all the wak name ’Aloi’ for Statia meaning cashew latest happenings—Like our tree, and is endemic to St. Eustatius. It repre- ‘Stenapa St. Eustatius’ and sents the first record of the genus for the ‘Stenapa Youth Nature’ pages! island, and the second endemic species for the island (Statia Morning Glory being the (Above: The fruit and seeds of G. aloiensis) first).
    [Show full text]
  • THE 16Th ANNUAL EASTERN CARIBBEAN ISLAND CULTURES CONFERENCE ‘ISLANDS in BETWEEN’ INSTITUTO PEDAGOGICO ARUBANO in SAN NICOLAS, ARUBA 6-10 NOVEMBER, 2013
    THE 16th ANNUAL EASTERN CARIBBEAN ISLAND CULTURES CONFERENCE ‘ISLANDS IN BETWEEN’ INSTITUTO PEDAGOGICO ARUBANO IN SAN NICOLAS, ARUBA 6-10 NOVEMBER, 2013 Co-organized by the University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras, the University of the West Indies at Cave Hill, BARBADOS, the University of the Virgin Islands, Virgin Islands Caribbean Cultural Center, and the Instituto Pedagogico Arubano, ARUBA. The “Islands – in – Between” Conference wishes to express its thanks to the following for their kind assistance: Aruba Instituto Pedagogico Arubano Aruba Conference Committee: Gregory Richardson and the Staff of the Instituto Pedagogico Arubano Aruba Ministry of Culture and Tourism Aruba Ministry of Education Arubus NV Aruba Hotel and Tourism Association Aruba Tourism Authority Balashi National Beverages SETAR NV Carubbian Festival Peanuts Restaurant Aruba Fantasy Tours (Jacky Boekhouwer) Thanks to all of the Aruban academic institutions who have made it possible for their staff and students to attend this conference Puerto Rico The Ph.D. Program of the Department of English of the College of Humanities at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras University of Puerto Rico Conference Committee: Nicholas Faraclas, Dannabang Kuwabong, Xavier Navarro Barbados Department of Language, Linguistics and Literature at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados US Virgin Islands University of the Virgin Islands, Virgin Islands Caribbean Cultural Center 1 OVERVIEW AND TIMETABLE FOR THE 16 TH EASTERN CARIBBEAN ISLAND CULTURES CONFERENCE VENUE:
    [Show full text]
  • Bats of Sint Eustatius, Caribbean Netherlands Scott .C Pedersen South Dakota State University, [email protected]
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska State Museum 3-13-2018 Bats of Sint Eustatius, Caribbean Netherlands Scott .C Pedersen South Dakota State University, [email protected] Peter A. Larsen Duke University, [email protected] Sil A. Westra Silvavir Forest Consultants, [email protected] Ellen van Norren Netherlands, [email protected] Wesley Overman Netherlands, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Other Animal Sciences Commons, and the Zoology Commons Pedersen, Scott .;C Larsen, Peter A.; Westra, Sil A.; van Norren, Ellen; Overman, Wesley; Kwiecinski, Gary G.; and Genoways, Hugh H., "Bats of Sint Eustatius, Caribbean Netherlands" (2018). Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum. 274. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy/274 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Scott .C Pedersen, Peter A. Larsen, Sil A. Westra, Ellen van Norren, Wesley Overman, Gary G. Kwiecinski, and Hugh H. Genoways This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ museummammalogy/274 Pedersen, Larsen, Westra, van Norren, Overman, Kwiecinski, and Genoways in Occasional Papers / Museum of Texas Tech University 353 (Mar. 13, 2018). Copyright 2018, Museum of Texas Tech University.
    [Show full text]
  • Coral Community Decline at Bonaire, Southern Caribbean
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. 87(3):541–565. 2011 CORAL REEF PAPER http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2010.1046 CORAL COMMUNITY DECLINE AT BONAIRE, SOUTHERN CARIBBEAN Brigitte Sommer, Peter L Harrison, Lyndon Brooks, and Sander R Scheffers ABSTRACT We assessed the status of coral reef benthic communities at Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, in December 2008 and January 2009 through ~5 km of photo transects taken at depths of 5, 10, and 20 m at 14 locations around the island. Univariate and multivariate analyses detected significant variation in benthic communities among depths and locations, as well as between leeward and windward sides of the island. Mean percentage cover of scleractinian corals ranged between 0.2% and 43.6% at the study sites and tended to be lowest at 5-m depth. The survey recorded 40 scleractinian coral species from 19 genera, within 10 families. Faviidae were by far the most abundant scleractinian family at all depths (predominantly Montastraea spp.), followed by Agariciidae at 20 and 10 m, and by Astrocoeniidae at 5-m depth. Macroalgal cover exceeded scleractinian coral cover at nearly all sites, averaging 34.9% (all samples pooled), compared with a pooled mean coral cover of 15.4%. Windward reefs were characterized by prolific growth of the brown algae Sargassum spp., and leeward reefs by growth of turf algae, Dictyota spp., Trichogloeopsis pedicellata (Howe) I. A. Abbott & Doty, and Lobophora variegata (Lamouroux) Womersley ex Oliveira. Damage from recent hurricanes was evident from the presence of toppled and fragmented corals, the movement of sand, and exposure of cemented Acropora cervicornis (Lamarck, 1816) rubble on the shallow reef platform.
    [Show full text]