The Quiet Revolution
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The Role of Hydro Quebec in the Rise of Consulting Engineering
Document generated on 10/01/2021 11:59 a.m. Scientia Canadensis Canadian Journal of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine Revue canadienne d'histoire des sciences, des techniques et de la médecine The Role of Hydro Quebec in the Rise of Consulting Engineering in Montreal 1944-1992 An essay in oral history and company genealogy Martha Whitney Langford and Chris Debresson Volume 16, Number 1 (42), 1992 URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/800343ar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/800343ar See table of contents Publisher(s) CSTHA/AHSTC ISSN 0829-2507 (print) 1918-7750 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article Whitney Langford, M. & Debresson, C. (1992). The Role of Hydro Quebec in the Rise of Consulting Engineering in Montreal 1944-1992: An essay in oral history and company genealogy. Scientia Canadensis, 16(1), 76–108. https://doi.org/10.7202/800343ar Copyright © Canadian Science and Technology Historical Association / This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit Association pour l'histoire de la science et de la technologie au Canada, 1992 (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ The Role of Hydro Quebec in the Rise of Consulting -
Hydro-Québec: an Electrifying Tale
Hydro-Québec: an electrifying tale HYDRO-QUÉBEC: A FORERUNNER IN THE FIELD OF RENEWABLE ENERGY Environmental issues have become a major concern in the 21st century, but already in the late 19th century Québec was a precursor in the development of renewable energy. Its innovative approach is not surprising, given that Québec possesses over 40% of Canada’s water resources in the form of 130,000 watercourses and 1,000,000 lakes. THE FIRST STEPS TOWARDS CREATING A QUÉBEC SYMBOL Under the government of Adélard Godbout, Québec nationalized the electrical assets of the Montreal Light, Heat and Power Company and placed them under the management of the Quebec Hydroelectric Commission in order to supply electricity to municipalities, industrial and commercial enterprises, and private citizens at the lowest rates consistent with sound financial administration. On April 14, 1944, Hydro-Québec was born. Its first actions were to improve the reliability of its transmission and distribution grid. It continued work to develop the Beauharnois generating station, commissioned in 1932, and launched its first major project: to harness the power of the Betsiamites river on the North Shore. This gave Hydro-Québec an opportunity to hone its skills and show the world that it could transmit electrical energy over Picture : © Archives d’Hydro‑Québec large distances at a voltage of 315 kV, a record at the time. The monthly magazine Le Progrès à la ferme promoted rural electrification Picture : © Archives d’Hydro‑Québec in the 1950s. Logo used by Hydro-Québec from 1944 to 1964. CONSOLIDATION OF HYDRO-QUÉBEC’S ACTIVITIES At the request of the government led by Maurice Duplessis, Hydro-Québec focused on the large-scale electrification of rural regions in Québec, but it was only under the government of Jean Lesage, in the early 1960s, that Hydro-Québec completed its nationalization of the province’s private electricity producers and distributors. -
Song and Nationalism in Quebec
Song and Nationalism in Quebec [originally published in Contemporary French Civilization, Volume XXIV, No. 1, Spring /Summer 2000] The québécois national mythology is dependent on oral culture for sustenance. This orality, while allowing a popular transmission of central concepts, also leaves the foundations of a national francophone culture exposed to influence by the anglophone forces that dominate world popular culture. A primary example is song, which has been linked to a nationalist impulse in Quebec for over thirty years. What remains of that linkage today? Economic, cultural, political and linguistic pressures have made the role of song as an ethnic and national unifier increasingly ambiguous, and reflect uncertainties about the Quebec national project itself, as the Quebec economy becomes reflective of global trends toward supranational control. A discussion of nationalism must be based on a shared understanding of the term. Anthony Smith distinguishes between territorial and ethnic definitions: territorially defined nations can point to a specific territory and rule by law; ethnies, on the other hand, add a collective name, a myth of descent, a shared history, a distinctive culture and a sense of solidarity to the territorial foundation. If any element among these is missing, it must be invented. This “invention” should not be seen as a negative or devious attempt to distort the present or the past; it is part of the necessary constitution of a “story” which can become the foundation for a national myth-structure. As Smith notes: "What matters[...] is not the authenticity of the historical record, much less any attempt at 'objective' methods of historicizing, but the poetic, didactic and integrative purposes which that record is felt to disclose" (25). -
Quebec Education: the Unfinished Revolution
Norman Henchty Quebec Education: The Unfinished Revolution Profound changes have taken place in the Province of Quebec since 1960. The period is described as the Quiet Revo lution and like all genuine revolutions change penetrated deeply into every aspect of the society - the identity, the culture, the institutions, and the people. The French-speaking Quebecer was once defined by his attachment to tradition, his allegiance to the Church, his elitist view of society, his distrust of change, and his detachment from the economic life of the continent. But a new definition has been emerging over the last decade: concern for the present, adherence to a secular and political ethic, an egalitarian view of society, a commit ment to change, an engagement in the technology and econ omics of the post-industrial state. As the identity of the French Quebecer alters, the tradi tional assumptions on which the English Quebecer has oper ated no longer hold. His economic and social cocoon has been broken open and he finds himself a member of a minority group, a stranger in a strange land. His identity is trans formed and in an ironic way he exchanges places with the French: it is now the English Quebecer who worries about the survival of his culture and language, who seeks his security in tradition, who stands on his constitutional rights. As identities change, so do cultures and institutions. Churches and convents, once the citadels of power, become shrines of a history turned aside; the theology and history of the classical college become the sociology and informatique of the Cegeps; the triumvirate of doctor-lawyer-priest becomes that of bureaucrat-accountant-animateur . -
Winter 2016/17
Winter 206-7 NEWSLETTER FOR FRIENDS OF IRISH STUDIES Editor: Michael Kenneally Assistant editor: Marion Mulvenna Honorary Patrons FOUNDATION PLANS MARCH FUNDRAISING CONCERT His Excellency Jim Kelly Ambassador of Ireland to Canada Critically acclaimed Irish band Lúnasa to perform at Bourgie Hall Rt. Honourable Paul Martin Former Prime Minister of Canada Honourable Jean J. Charest Former Premier of Quebec ubbed the hottest Irish Honourable Daniel Johnson Dacoustic group on the Former Premier of Quebec planet, Lúnasa will be in town to Chairperson treat audiences to an evening of Pamela McGovern,* Montreal traditional and contemporary Vice-Chair Irish music as part of a concert Patrick M. Shea,* Montreal fundraiser for the Canadian Treasurer Gary O’Connor,* BComm 68, Montreal Irish Studies Foundation. Raising funds for Irish Studies at Honourary Secretary Katherine Peacocke,* Montreal Concordia is crucial to support students through tuition help Directors Lúnasa Laurent Beaudoin, LLD 0, Montreal remission and scholarships. Brian Casey,* BA 60, Montreal John Cleghorn, Toronto The Lúnasa concert will take place on March 30, 207, at 7:30 p.m. at the Bourgie Hall of the Daniel Colson, London, U.K. Peter J. Cullen,* Montreal Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, 339 Sherbrooke St. W. Richard Drouin, Quebec City Contact the school to purchase your concert tickets. They’ll make great Christmas gifts and Peter B.M. Eby, Toronto Daniel Fournier, Montreal by acting early you are eligible for a 206 income tax receipt for part of the cost. Richard Hart,* Montreal Call 54-848-2424, ext. 87, or email [email protected]. Lonsdale W. Holland, Halifax Peter R. -
Constructive and Co-Operative Federalism? a Series of Commentaries on the Council of the Federation
Constructive and Co-operative Federalism? A Series of Commentaries on the Council of the Federation The End of a Model? Quebec and the Council of the Federation Alain Noël* On October 24, 2003, in Quebec City, the Foreword premiers of the provinces and territories will start establishing the mandate and the structure of a Canada’s Provincial and Territorial Premiers agreed in July 2003 to create a new Council of new intergovernmental institution, the Council of the Federation to better manage their relations the Federation. The stated objectives of this and ultimately to build a more constructive and exercise are ambitious. The proposed Council is cooperative relationship with the federal indeed understood as the centerpiece of what the government. The Council’s first meeting takes premiers have presented in Charlottetown, at their place October 24, 2003 in Quebec hosted by Annual Conference in July 2003, as “a plan to Premier Jean Charest. revitalize the Canadian federation and build a new era of constructive and cooperative This initiative holds some significant federalism.” promise of establishing a renewed basis for more extensive collaboration among governments in Canada, but many details have yet to be worked So far, in light of these objectives, the out and several important issues arise that merit proposed Council appears rather modest an wider attention. innovation. The model now envisioned is that of a new provincial-territorial co-ordination The Institute of Intergovernmental Relations instrument, that would mandate regular meetings at Queen’s University and the Institute for among the Premiers, integrate existing sector- Research on Public Policy in Montreal are jointly specific councils, provide secretarial and publishing this series of commentaries to technical support, and prepare the agenda for an encourage wider knowledge and discussion of the annual meeting with the federal prime minister. -
Constructive and Co-Operative Federalism? a Series of Commentaries on the Council of the Federation
Constructive and Co-operative Federalism? A Series of Commentaries on the Council of the Federation The End of a Model? Quebec and the Council of the Federation Alain Noël* On October 24, 2003, in Quebec City, the Foreword premiers of the provinces and territories will start establishing the mandate and the structure of a Canada’s Provincial and Territorial Premiers agreed in July 2003 to create a new Council of new intergovernmental institution, the Council of the Federation to better manage their relations the Federation. The stated objectives of this and ultimately to build a more constructive and exercise are ambitious. The proposed Council is cooperative relationship with the federal indeed understood as the centerpiece of what the government. The Council’s first meeting takes premiers have presented in Charlottetown, at their place October 24, 2003 in Quebec hosted by Annual Conference in July 2003, as “a plan to Premier Jean Charest. revitalize the Canadian federation and build a new era of constructive and cooperative This initiative holds some significant federalism.” promise of establishing a renewed basis for more extensive collaboration among governments in Canada, but many details have yet to be worked So far, in light of these objectives, the out and several important issues arise that merit proposed Council appears rather modest an wider attention. innovation. The model now envisioned is that of a new provincial-territorial co-ordination The Institute of Intergovernmental Relations instrument, that would mandate regular meetings at Queen’s University and the Institute for among the Premiers, integrate existing sector- Research on Public Policy in Montreal are jointly specific councils, provide secretarial and publishing this series of commentaries to technical support, and prepare the agenda for an encourage wider knowledge and discussion of the annual meeting with the federal prime minister. -
1 Separatism in Quebec
1 Separatism in Quebec: Off the Agenda but Not Off the Minds of Francophones An Honors Thesis Submitted to the Department of Politics in Partial Fulfillment of the Honors Program By Sarah Weber 5/6/15 2 Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction 3 Chapter 2. 4 Chapter 3. 17 Chapter 4. 36 Chapter 5. 41 Chapter 6. 50 Chapter 7. Conclusion 65 3 Chapter 1: Introduction-The Future of Quebec The Quebec separatist movement has been debated for decades and yet no one can seem to come to a conclusion regarding what the future of the province holds for the Quebecers. This thesis aims to look at the reasons for the Quebec separatist movement occurring in the past as well as its steady level of support. Ultimately, there is a split within the recent literature in Quebec, regarding those who believe that independence is off the political agenda and those who think it is back on the agenda. This thesis looks at public opinion polls, and electoral returns, to find that the independence movement is ultimately off the political agenda as of the April 2014 election, but continues to be supported in Quebec public opinion. I will first be analyzing the history of Quebec as well as the theories other social scientists have put forward regarding separatist and nationalist movements in general. Next I will be analyzing the history of Quebec in order to understand why the Quebec separatist movement came about. I will then look at election data from 1995-2012 in order to identify the level of electoral support for separatism as indicated by the vote for the Parti Quebecois (PQ). -
Analyzing the Parallelism Between the Rise and Fall of Baseball in Quebec and the Quebec Secession Movement Daniel S
Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2011 Analyzing the Parallelism between the Rise and Fall of Baseball in Quebec and the Quebec Secession Movement Daniel S. Greene Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the Canadian History Commons, and the Sports Studies Commons Recommended Citation Greene, Daniel S., "Analyzing the Parallelism between the Rise and Fall of Baseball in Quebec and the Quebec Secession Movement" (2011). Honors Theses. 988. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/988 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Analyzing the Parallelism between the Rise and Fall of Baseball in Quebec and the Quebec Secession Movement By Daniel Greene Senior Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation Department of History Union College June, 2011 i Greene, Daniel Analyzing the Parallelism between the Rise and Fall of Baseball in Quebec and the Quebec Secession Movement My Senior Project examines the parallelism between the movement to bring baseball to Quebec and the Quebec secession movement in Canada. Through my research I have found that both entities follow a very similar timeline with highs and lows coming around the same time in the same province; although, I have not found any direct linkage between the two. My analysis begins around 1837 and continues through present day, and by analyzing the histories of each movement demonstrates clearly that both movements followed a unique and similar timeline. -
Hydro-Québec Sustainability Report 2019
� 1 1 Sustainability Report 2019 Setting New Sights with Our Clean Energy Hydro-Québec // Sustainability Report 2019 � 22 2 How to use this report Interactivity GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) Navigation This report, presented in PDF format, has interactive features made In this report, the indicators under Go to previous possible by Adobe Reader software. the different section titles refer to GRI or next page disclosures. Previous view Features Go to table Additional information Exclusive web content of contents on the web Access to a map locating Access bookmarks Additional or more detailed a project information Global Reporting Initiative � 54 GRI GRI 102-40, GRI 102-42 Hyperlink to another page Hyperlink in the report Preserving the environment In this section Social acceptability and adapting to climate change õ GHG emissions õ Adaptation to from Hydro-Québec climate change The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reiterated that some of the impacts operations Term defined of climate change are irreversible, and that unprecedented radical measures must be taken to õ Biodiversity õ Emissions avoided management limit global warming to 1.5°C compared to pre-industrial levels. by net electricity õ Environmental In addition to reducing GHG emissions from its operations as much as possible, Hydro-Québec exports management strives to preserve biodiversity and make managing environmental impacts an integral part of its business processes. Its environmental management system, which is ISO 14001:2015-compliant, ensures that the company adopts and maintains sound environmental practices. Stakeholders õ Customers õ Educational institutions õ Government authorities õ Nongovernmental organizations õ Local and Indigenous õ General public communities õ Suppliers õ Investors õ Employees Damage caused by the April 2019 ice storm in one of Laval’s residential neighborhoods. -
Identity Paradiplomacy in Québec
Identity Paradiplomacy in Québec Stéphane Paquin École nationale d’administration publique Identity Paradiplomacy in Québec This article explains why Québec is one the most active subnational governments at the international level. Traditionally, researchers discuss paradiplomacy and protodiplomacy, but neither concept fits the case of Québec very well. In Québec, there is a consensus among the political parties that favors “identity paradiplomacy.” The fundamental aim of Québec’s identity paradiplomacy is to construct and reinforce Québec’s national identity by undertaking international actions abroad. Identity paradiplomacy is more intense than typical paradi- plomacy and is distinct from protodiplomacy in that it does not aim for political independence. The twofold purpose of Québec’s international strategy is to galvanize Québec’s development and to achieve international recognition of Québec as a nation abroad. L’objectif de cet article est d’expliquer pourquoi le Québec est un des États fédérés les plus actifs sur la scène internationale. Règle générale, les spécialistes utilisent deux concepts, ceux de paradiplomatie et de protodiplomatie, pour expliquer les actions internationales des États fédérés, mais ces deux concepts ne rendent pas justice au cas du Québec. Au Québec, il existe un consensus entre les partis politiques pour mettre en œuvre une « paradiplomatie identitaire » dont l’objectif fondamental est la construction et la promotion de la nation québécoise par l’entremise d’actions internationales. La paradiplomatie identitaire est plus intense que la paradiplomatie mais distincte de la protodiplomatie puisque le but de l’action internationale n’est pas l’atteinte du statut de pays souverain. For well over half a century now, the Québec government has pursued its own international policy parallel to that of the Canadian federal government, a practice known to scholars as paradiplomacy. -
Des Form Top-Flight Training at a Groundbreaking University a World-Class Research University a Model Community in Sustainable
Des form Top-Flight Training A Model Community at a Groundbreaking University A World-Class Research University in Sustainable Development 1.8 km2 campus, 64% of which is greenspace 8th among Canada’s 50 top research universities, with $357 million in research funding An engaged campus committed to the university and the broader community and wooded areas 4 Canada Excellence Research Chairs (Arctic science, optics and photonics, Some 43,000 students, including 25% at the graduate level mental health, and cardiometabolic health)—a research program that’s among 2007 the most prestigious and financially generous in the world Sustainable development fund established to support initiatives 17 faculties and more than 60 departments, schools, and by the university community institutes covering every field of study, and 500 study programs Some 1,620 research professors covering every field from undergraduate to doctoral 2012 5 study profiles: Sustainable Development, Honours, More than 275 centres, chairs, institutes, and other research groups, including Campaign to recognize courses and programs that foster the acquisition Entrepreneurial, International, and Research of sustainable development skills and make sustainability integral to research Some 9,000 students enrolled in professional planning and creative endeavours development and skills training programs offered in Québec City, Montréal, and other locations throughout the province 2015 14 elite Rouge et Or teams affording 475 student athletes First carbon-neutral university in Québec and