EW LET ER of the MICHIGA NENTOMOLO GICAL SOC IETY Volu me 3 2, Number 3 & 4 November 15, 1987
Significance of Insect Larvae
Our guest speaker at the 33rd Annual which is a function of larval feeding, is meeting of MES was Dan Young, Department of useful taxonomically. Prolegs, crochets, and Entomology, University of Wisconsin. Dan, a urogomphi are particularly useful. Also long-time member of MES and who was at secondary characters including armature, Michigan State University until a few years setae and glands are of great taxonomic ago, is a specialist in insect taxonomy. His keynote address was "Insect Larvae: Significance of Research and Instructional Needs. " Several events have strongly contributed to the evolution of insects. These include: 1. Discrete metamorphosis, the event where the pteragotes split from the apteragotes. Specifically, the development of wings permitted 99% of the Insecta to dispense to new habitats that would further their evolution along new lines; 2. Wing-folding of the neopteragotes further allowed the winged insects to exploit new niches; 3. Development of the holometabolous groups brought a division between adult and larval forms which permitted 85% of the insects to specialize. This was more important than wing development, for now the insects for the first time would not compete for the same resources. Adults differed in space and time from the larvae. Larvae specialized in feeding and the adults specialized in reproducing. In the holometabola the larva become the critical unit and its success was value. The glands of the swallowtail, for due to its ability to specialize in its example, make excellent taxonomic structures feeding strategy. and the secretions of glands may be useful in chemotaxonomy. The speculation, thus, is that the larvae were the most impacted by evolution, and In other words, the larvae should be because their structures made them most fit studied in greater detail by taxonomists in for the environment, these structures should order to study insect speciation and be used as taxonomic characters. Mouth parts evolution. And larval taxonomy should be are probably the most important structures stressed in university curricula because the for a complete character analysis, because immature stages impact at the trophic levels, food processing could cause the evolution 01 and also man contacts the larvae first in his specific microstructures. Also locomotion, war against insects.
The NEWSLETTER of the M ' ~higan Entomological Society is published as four members yearly, at irregular intervals . Please send all notes, news, new insect records, research request, notices, season summaries, membership inquiries, etc. to the Executive Secretary, Michigan Ento og' ca l Society, Dept . of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing , Michigan 48824. Officers of M.E.S. WANTED: Information, data, and/or lepidopteral specimens from any of the following elevated President ...... and exposed areas of: Huron Mtns. (1400-1600 · . Ken Kraft ft . ), Isle Royale N.P. (1400 ft.), Keweenaw President-Elect ...... Phil Watson Pen. (1200-1400 ft.), Porcupine Mtns. (IBOO Immediate Past President. Ma rk 0 I Bri en ft.). Especially interested to learn if anyone Executive Secretary ... · Mo Nielsen plans to study/collect in any Jf these areas in Member-at-Large (1985-88) Robert Husband the future. We will be happy to identify Member-at-Large (1986-89) Dick Fleming lepidoptera from these areas. Contact M. C. Member-at-Large (1987-90) · .Gary Dunn Nielsen, 3415 Overlea Dr., Lansing, MI 48917. Journal Editor...... Dave Gosling (517) 321-2192. Newsl etter Editor ... . · Lou Wilson Associate Newsletter Editor .George Heaton FOR SALE: Huckett, H.C., " ..Muscidae of N. Canada, Alaska and Greenland .. " (1965); Notices Vockeroth, J .R., "Rev. of ... Syrphini (Dip tera .. )" (1969); Peterson, B.V. "Prosimulium of Canada and Alaska (Diptera) " , (1970); Cantall, (Notices wi l l be l"Un for a year or 4 numbers I.J. "Ecology of Orthoptera and Dermaptera of of the Newsletter unless notified to drop George Reserve, MI", (1943); Smetana, A. "Rev. them. Members desiring longer runs should of Tribe Quediini of N.A. (Coleoptera .. )", notify newsletter editor, L. F. rfilson, Dept. (1971); Cambell, J .M. "Rev. of .. Tachinus of Forestry> Michigan State University, 48824) (Coleoptera .. ) of N. and Cent. A.", (1973); Eberhard, M.J. "The Social Biology of Polistine WANTED: Studies on the Comparative Ethology of Wasps", (1969); Schmid, F. "Le Genre Rhya Digger Wasps of the Genus Bembix by Evans; cophila ... (Trichoptera)", (1969). Contact M. Beetles of the Pacific Northwest by Hatch (5 C. Nielsen, 3415 Overlea Dr., Lansing, MI vol.); Biology of the Leaf Miners by Hering; 4B9l7. (517) 321-2192. The Ecology of Plant Galls by Mani. Write stating condition and price to John E. NOTICE: I am interested in ra~s~ng giant silk Holzbach, 229 Maywood Drive, Youngstown, Ohio moths (Cecropia, Polyphemus, Luna, Promethea) 44512. (long run). native to Michigan, I have difficulty finding cocoons, other than those of the Cecropia. If WANTED: Any information regarding Sesiids you know of any sources of giant silk moth (clear-winged moths) collected in Michigan. cocoons, please contact Gordon Lonie, 40555 The data of special interest are species, Utica Road, Sterling Heights, MI 4B07B. county and date of capture. I would be glad to identify any questionable or unknown specimens. FOR SALE: 32 page Y.E.S. International This information is being compiled for an Entomology Resource Guide; 130 companies/in upcoming publication. Please send data to: dividuals offering entomology equipment, William Taft, Dept. of HOJ.ticulture, Michigan supplies, services, preserved specimens, live State Univ . , East Lansing. MI 4BB24 . arthropods, books, audio-visuals educational materials, and gift and novelty items . US FOR SALE: Unit pinning trays and many ~3.00 to Y. E.S. International 'ieadquarters, good books on lepidoptera. Prices and Dept. of Entomology, Michigan State Univ., East book 1i st upon request. Wri te or call Lansing, MI 48B24-lll5 USA. Glenn Belyea, 8051 Clark Road, Bath, MI 48808. (517) 641-4224. RESEARCH REQUEST: I wish to invite one of your members, an entomologist, (or culture and FOR SALE: Philippine butterflies and beecles breeding of our birdwing butterflies, already collected at your request from the Mt. Kanla on the brink of extinction. The problem is how on region. Write to Jose L. Benebildo, to know their food plants and their habitation Mambucal, Murcias, Negro Occidental, Republic in the wild. Would be willing to sell or of Philippines 6016. (long run). exchange my various collections of insects in order to continue my conservation work for FOR SALE: Insect pins; std. black, elephant, butterflies, breeding and culture. Julio M. stainless steel, minutens and label pins. Mirafuente, General Manager, Star Biological Sizes 000 thru 7 available. For complete list Supplies, BOAC, Marinduque, Philippine Island. write to Ianni Butterfly Enterprises, P.O. Box Bl17l, Cleveland, Ohio 44lBl. (216) BBB-9763. WANTED: Data on Michigan butterflies for use in a new publication on the butterflies of WANTED: Information and data on butterflies Michigan. Doubtful specimens can be forwarded from all Canadian provinces and territories. for determination or confirmation. Especially Needed in the preparation of a detailed list of interested in Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae distributional records of Canada, complete with records. Contact M. C. Nielsen, 3415 Overlea maps. Contact Ross A. Layberry, 1409-2220 Dr., Lansing, MI 4B917. (517) 32l-2l95. Halifax Dr., Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA KIG 2W7. 2 FOR SALE: Annual Review of Entomolo~y. Vol. FOR SALE: One copy in good condition of: The 1 to Vol. 24 inclusive (VOT.~ misslng). Bombycine Moths of North America by A.S. Twenty-three volumes (from 1956-1979) on Packard, Part II Vol IX, Best offer, contact timely entomological subjects by many Leroy C. Koehn, 16225 Huntley Rd., Huntsburg, authors, published by Annual Reviews, Inc. in Ohio 44046. cooperation with the Entomological Society of America. Vol. 1-7 are out of print and most recent volumes cost more than $25 each. Position Announcement Excellent literature source on many topics. All volumes in prime condition. All 23 Entomologist-Technician: Insect rearing volumes for $125.00, plus $15 for shipping and display maint. position at Insect World (in U.S.). Contact Louis F. Wilson, 900 exhibit. B.S. in Ent. req'd. with insect Longfellow Dr., East Lansing, MI 48823. rearing experience, broad background in Home (517-337-0601), Work (517-355-7740). entomol. pref. with emphasis on butterflies. Pos. avail. Dec. 1987 or when suitable FOR SALE: Global insects. Top quality applicant is found. Send resume and copies specimens with data. Send $5.00 (U.S.) or of transcripts to Curator of Invertebrates, $10.00 (foreign) for renewable price list Insect World, Cincinnati Zoo, 3400 Vine St., subscription (12 issues) to W. Bryce Cincinnati,OH 45220. . Richfield, P.O. Box 1066-M, Goleta, CA 93116-1066 USA. News of Members CATALOG: Specimens available from South & Central America, Europe, Africa, Far East and Robert Husband, professor of biology at China. Many specimens seldom available Adrian College, has been named 1987 Michigan elsewhere. Specialists in Morpho, Professor of the Year by the Council for Parnassius, Papilionidae. State interests Advancement and Support of Education. This when writing., Latest catalog $1, or $6 for is the third year the Washington-based 1 year catalogs/newsletters issued monthly. Council has recognized a Michigan Professor Butterflies of Costa Rica &their Natural of the Year; previous winners belonged to the History BOOk available. TRANSWORLD BUTTERFLY faculty of U-M and MSU. CASE selects award COMPANv-TMTT, Apartado 6951, San Jose, COSTA recipients in 20 states, accepting RICA, C. America. nominations from all under-graduate institutions. Nomination materials include BUTTERFLY COLLECTING IN COSTA RICA: Our the nominee's professional resume, teaching Naturalists ranch &Lodge offers schedule, and testimonial letters from 6utterfly/moth/beetle collectors students and colleagues. The emphasis in fully-inclusive program including selecting recipients is on demonstrated accommodation, meals and field-trips. evidence of the impact of the professor on Maximum 6 persons per group. Low prices the lives and careers of students. write for brochure! TRANSWORLD BUTTERFLY COMPANY (MI), Apartado 6951, San Jose, COSTA Bob joined the Adrian College faculty in RICA, C. America. (long run) 1964. He is recognized as a world authority on acarology, and he has been credited with WANTED: Viable pupae of Papilio (Heraclides) the discovery of several new species of mites cresphontes for establishing a breeding colony. during his career. He has shared his Please advise of quantity available and price. research at international acarology Ray W. Bracher, 17145 Cherokee Drive, South conferences in Scotland and India. In Bend, Indiana 46635. (219) 272-7970. addition to his work with students interested in mites, Bob teaches courses in human FOR SALE: Lepidoptera bait traps, light traps, anatomy and physiology, zoology, and rearing sleeves. For more information and parasitology, and several invertebrate prices, contact Leroy C. Koehn, 16225 Huntley courses. He has successfully encouraged his Rd., Huntsburg, Ohio 44046. students to complete and publish their own research. Bob is on sabbatical leave this WANTED: The following books and publications fall and will use the time to study computer are desired: Butterflies of the West Coast by applications for his courses, and to improve W.G. Wright, On the Sphingidea of Peru by A.M. his skills in electron microscopy. Moss, The Cranbidea of North America by C.H. Fernald, Butterflies of Cuba by D. Marston Bates, Monograph of the Genus Erebia by B.C. Life Member Warren, The Lepidoptera of Nova Scotia by D.C. Ferguson, and The Butterflies of the Australian WILSON, DONALD A., P.O. Box 322, Newfields, Region by B. D'Abrera. State condition and NH 03856. Life Member price, contact Leroy C. Koehn, 16225 Huntley Rd . , Huntsburg, Ohio 440 S. 3 ,..------------~
Thirty-third Annual Meeting of M.E.S. After the day's activities and dinner at The Michigan Entomological Society held the Center, the following members made its 33rd Annual Mee t i ng on 5 J une 1987 at arrangements to collect at several UV and MV the Ford Forestry Center, owned by Mic hi gan light set-ups in the nearby Copper Country Technological Universi ty at Alb erta, SF, near Big Lake CG in the Baraga Jack Pine Michigan. This wa s the FIRST t ime the Plains: Les Ferge, Mo Nielsen, Jim Society hel d its Ann ual Meeting i n t he Upper Parkinson, John Peacock, John Shuey, Dan Peninsula (hopeful ly, not t he last t ime!). Young. Under partly cloudy skies, with The Center provided a modern con feren ce temperatures i n the low 50's, the group made facility in a secl uded, rus t ic setti ng in the a gallant effort to collect a good number of heart of the Ford Forest (formerly owned by moths and other insects. Some of the the Ford r~otor Company), which attracted 35 interesting mo th spec ies included: Sphinx members and friend s. Consideri ng the poeci la, Pan thea acronyctoides, furcilla, distance travelled by many memb ers from Acronicta sp., Polla sp., Hemipachnobia southern Michigan, and Ohi o and Wisco nsin monochromatea, BeTTUra obliqua, plus many the meeting was wel l attended ; and all ' others. Certainly more interesting enjoyed another st imulating and interesting conversations, collecting tib-bits and program of speakers and topics . Ample anecdotes were exchanged during the evening refreshments and time permi tted the usual around the lights than were unique moths opportunity to soci al i ze with others during collected! Unfortunately, however, after all the day, and to make plans for collecting participants but Peacock (JP) and Shuey left during the evening and the following weekend. to return to the Center, JP discovered a flat tire on his new Ford van; and adding to his The following M.E.S. officers were in further disgust, he found that his spare tire attendance: Ken Kraft, President-Elect, wouldn't come off because of a stripped Mogens Nielsen, Executive Secretary, Gary thread on his lug-nut bolt, and he was forced Simmons, GB Member-at-Large, Louis Wilson, to drive the 12 miles on back roads to the Newsletter Editor, and George Heaton, Center on a flat tire at about 10-15 m.p.h.! Associate Newsletter Editor . The Governing He and Shuey finally arrived at the Center Board did not meet prior to the meeting about 0230 hours, 'dead-tired' to say the because of the time constraint and lack of l east! It is doubtful if Peacock will EVER new business. forget this experience; this is what makes these collecting experiences unique and one Ken Kraft, in the absence of President to embellish upon--in the years ahead. Mark O'Brien, convened the meeting at 0900 hours and welcomed members and guests, and On Saturday, June 6th, Nielsen, Peacock briefly outlined the Center's many amenities. and Shuey drove on to Houghton, using Nielsen was then asked to present the usual Nielsen's spare time from his Ford van (the "State of the Society" report, and read a 'Ford Connection'). Once a new tire was message from President O'Brien, who pointed purchased at Houghton, the trio made out the Society's continued growth and good arrangements with John Perona, in Calumet, to leadership, and its good financial collect in the huge sphagnum-heath bog management, excellent journal and stable located at Point Isabelle, in Keweenaw membership base . Nielsen's report indicated County located near the eastern tip of the that as of June 1, 1987, M.E.S. has: a Keweenaw Peninsula. Collecting under ideal checking account of $2,353.27; a savings conditions until late afternoon, a series of account of $1,303.22; CD's of $18,246.43, and Boloria frigga, both sexes, were taken by the accounts receivable of $400--a total asset of Ohio collectors, their primary goal, and very $22,302.92 (compared to last year's report of first specimens of this beautiful Bolorian. $20,873.86). Expenses for the remainder of Also taken at this time were O. jutta ascerta the year are expected to total approximately and E. claudia. Nielsen made-observatlons of $9,400; membership is holding well at near B. frigga female ovipositing on bog rosemary, 425. Election results were: President-Elect, Andromeda glaucophylla, and wild cranberry, Phillip L. Watson, Ferris SC; GB Member-at Vaccinium macrocarpum, and nectaring on Large, Gary Dunn, MSU; Executive Secretary, rosemary. This experience was the 'icing' M. C. Nielsen, Lansing. Ballot returns were that made the Annual Meeting and collecting a nearly 34 percent! very memorable event for all, especially for the Ohi 0 members! (see wtlat you mi ssed by not At the conclusion of the program, Nielsen attending). Another plug for "Say Yes to (acting for out-going President O'Brien) made MICHIGAN" ! the usual ceremonial announcement that Ken Kraft is now the M.E.S. President and handed City Visitor: "Do insects ever ger in him the Society's presidential gavel to your corn?" retain for the coming year. The meeting Farmer: "Yes, bur we just fi sh 'em our ended at 1710 hours. and drink ir anyway." 4 John Perona, John Peacock, and Mo Nielsen Oeneis jutta at Pt. Isabelle Bog. with Peacock's "Lepnut" vehicle.
The Society wishes to express its deep attractive and comfortable facility! Also, appreciation to Ken Kraft, and the staff of we extend our thanks to Dan Young, and all the Ford Forest Conference Center and the other speakers, for taking time to attend Michigan Technological University, for their and present such interesting and informative efforts in making this Annual Meeting one of pap;ers...... the BEST and for arranging for such an M. C. Niel sen
The Cicada Sonata New Members
There's a Cicada Sonata up in a tree, BALLARD, HARVEY F., 327 Leslie, Lansing, MI 48912. LEPIDOPTERA, ORTHOPTERA, A sound that sings out for you and me. COLEOPTERA (Cicindelidae of MI). Oh it's such a hot-hot day in the sUianer sun, BAYOFF, FREDERIC G., 701 Madison Pl., Ann Arbor, MI 48103. COLEOPTERA. They cannot hear so they sing for fun. ELLIS, SIMON, c/o Transworld Butterfly Co., They only live a couple of weeks as an adult, Apartado 6951, San Jose, COSTA RICA. LEPIDOPTERA-Worldwide. So they mate quickly as a result. GRAHAM, ELIZABETH A., 313A College of Nat. They lay their eggs and their young are born Res. Bldg., Univ. of Wis.-SP, Stevens Point, WI 54481. PLECOPTERA: Perlodiade. in the ground, GRIMBLE, DAVID G., USDA Forest Service, USDA And as nymphs seventeen years they're bound. Bldg., Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME 04469. IFTNER, DAVID C., 2161 Heatherfield Ave., Oh they may damage a tree by eating its roots, Worthington, OH 43085. But love to listen to their attributes. JACOBS, PAUL, 1414 Powers Ct., Niles, MI 49120. They are the loudest insects that are known RUGGIERO, MICHAEL, 1817 N. 53rd St . , Omaha, to man, NE 68104. VAWTER, LISA, Museum of Zoology-Insect Div., So let's enjoy them every chance we can. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079. Molecular Systematics of Orthopteroid/Blattoid. Peter L. ,k WILSMANN, LENI A., Mich. Nat. Features Inv., P.O. Box 30028, Lansing, MI 48909. 5 Annual Meeting Photos '
6 Annual Meeting Photos
7 I
Mr. Rogge gave a brief overview of the Ford Forestry Center's hi story . Ford purchased many thousands of acres in the U. P. in 1925 in a checkerboard pattern for wood to be used in his cars. By 1935, he organized the town of Alberta, which was a sawmill community with 12 residences, 2 school bu i ldings, a pumphouse, a fire house, a sawmill, and a reservoir. Loggers cut 16000 bd ft of lumber/day, and then the lumber was kiln-dried at L'Anse and shipped to Detroit. Ford believed in sustained yield and timber management, and he worked in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service. Alberta closed the mill in 1954, and Michigan Technological University took over the property in 1955 ; and since then, they have expanded the facilities to accommodate conferences and training programs. Roger Rogge, MTU
P 1 2 3 P 1 2 3 h h 0 0 t t 0 4 5 6 0 4 6 I 5 I C C a a I 7 p p 8 9 .t 7 9 t I 8 I 0 0 10 n n 12 s 10 1, 1 12 s 1 1
Plate #1: (page 6) 1. Entrance to con Plate #2: (page 7) 1. Mo Nielsen, John ference Center; 2. Sign at Forestry Center Peacock; 2. Sign at Forestry Center entrance; entrance; 3. Buildings and grounds; 3. Dan Young; 4. Phil Watson; 5. Robert 4. Historical Ford Photo ; 5. Forestry Center Stottlemyer, Ken Kraft; 6. Mo Nielsen, Ken history poster; 6. Luna Moth on window Kraft; 7. John Peacock; 8. Gary Simmons, Bob screen; 7. Rob Aho ; 8. Lou Wilson, Mo Heyd, Bob Haack; 9. Bob Haack, Dan Young; Nielsen, George Heaton; 9. Karen Strickler; 10. Ken Kraft; 11. Ken Kraft, Mo Nielsen; and 10 . Mo Nielsen; 11 . Conference room audience; 12. Lou Wilson at Sturgeon River Canyon and 12 . Gary Simmons in lunch line. Falls. 8 Annual Meeting Speakers
Slug Damage to Field Corn as Affecte~ by Tillage Methods and Other Cultural Practices Kathleen M. Sharpe, Michigan State University The gray garden slug causes severe damage in no-till areas and very little injury in moldboard plow-treated areas. Also, damage was heaviest when manure was applied, but injury was modified by moisture--it declines during draughts and rises when rains are frequent. High temperature and tillage also affected the slugs and their activity.
Attraction of an Acorn-infesting Moth (Lepi~optera: Tortricidae) to pheromone-baited traps John Peacock, USDA Forest Service, Delaware, OH Cytia latiferreanus is an oak regeneration pest that along with rodents, turkeys, deer, and other insects, destroy acorns. Pheromones taken from the filbert worm (which is probably this same species) at a dosage of 0.5 mg. of attractant brought in acorn moths, but height was a factor related to trap catch. No moths were caught at 3 meters above ground, however, 6 and 22 moths were trapped at 10 meters and 18 meters respectively.
Epirrita autumnata (Geometridae) in Mountain Birch in Finnish Lapland Matt Ayres, Mlchlgan State Onlversity What triggers an outbreak? The decline of the quality of host foliage could be one of the factors. This hypothesis was tested throughout the year on this geometrid by comparing growth rate with the age of the foliage. The study showed a general decline in growth, probably because the foliage became less digestible.
Nesting Biology of Leaf-cutter Bees Karen Strickler, Michigan State University Bee size seems to be due to available food supply. The female leaf-cutter bee uses beetle galleries for nests. Nest construction involves lining these cells with leaves, pollen, and nectar. Diameter of the gallery is a critical factor in bee size. More female bees result from eggs laid in the first cell, and more males in the last cells.
Effect of a Gradient of Acidic Inputs on Forest Nutrient Leaching and Stream Chemistry Robert Stottlemyer, National Park Service, Houghton, MI Insect populations and tree growth and reproduction are affected by acid rain. Sulfur, in particular, is important in the leaching of nutrients and critical in aquatic ecosystems. Isle Royale and the Kewenaw Peninsula have some of the most poorly buffered systems in the country, and acid rain has begun to adversely affect these areas. Spruce is especially sensitive to acid rain, and the insects that attack spruce seem to prefer such spruce where the terrain has been affected. 9 Annual M eeting S p e akers
Forest I nsect Prob lems in t he Uppe r Peninsula Robe rt Heyd, Mich . DNR , Marqu ette, MI
~ h e C ooperati~ e Forest Pes t Managemen t Program of Michigan s ~ u d ~ e ~ numerous l~por t a nt for est pests in the Upper Peninsula. S ~gnl flcan~ pests l~cl ude : whi te grubs, red headed and European pl ne sawf lles, the Jac k plne sawf ly, larch sawfly, jqck pine bu ~wo rm ~ spruce.budworm, Sarat oga spittlebug , pine spittlebug, and whlte pl ne weevl l . The orange-humped map le worm has defoliated 6000 acres in recent years. Gypsy moth is still a minor problem in the UP.
Gypsy Moth Population Dynamics as Influenced by Aerial Spraying of Bacillus thuringiensis, Year One phil Watson, Ferris State College; and Gary Simmons, Michigan State University Six areas sprayed with B.t. and three areas left as checks resulted in the following levels of defoliation: sprayed over 36%, unsprayed 57 %. B.t. might be thought of as a "foliant protector" but reasons for the results are confusing because the gypsy moth's stages showed no correlation with ther amount of defoliation.
Biology of the Ti~er Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio glaucus J. Mark $cnber, lchlgan State Om verslty The polyphagous tiger swallowtails feed on 13 or more plant famil ies--from the Rosaceae to the Magnol i aceae, from serviceberry to sassafras. Michigan provides 17 or more food plants per county, while Florida has 12 plants in the north but only one (Sweetbay) in the south. Five species of swallowtails have specific food plant requirements, such that all species cannot feed on all swallowtail hosts because of the phenolic glucosides which are poisonous to some swallowtails. Hybrid swallowtails, however, can eat food plants that are poisonous to either of the parents. Susceptibility of Tamarack Seed Sources to Eastern Larch Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytldae) Robert Haack, OSDA Forest SerVlce, East Lansing, MI A tamarack provenance study plantation of 33 seed source-trees from the U.S. and Canada that was recently stressed by draught, various insects, and an ice storm, was attacked by the eastern larch beetle. The plantation, additionally, was thinned in 1984 and the slash piled in the plantation . The beetles were attracted to the slash an d bred in it and later attacked the living, weakened trees. Mi chigan t rees were the most attacked and northern sources were least attacked. More larger trees were killed than smaller ones, but this may have been due to the beetle's preference for optimum phloem thickness.
Host Plant Quality and the Eco-biology of Manducca spp. Janlce Bossart, Michlgan State Omverslty Tests with the tomato hornworm on tomato plants were made to study larval performance relative to amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Plants that had a higher percentage of nitrogen had more eggs, but the relationship leveled off at 120 lbs nitrogen/acre; and higher levels may be disadvantageous to the moth. 10
1 Annual Meeting Speakers Giardia lamblia and Echinococcus granulosus: Potential Health Hazards to Michigan Backcountry Visitors Alice Soldan, Michigan Technological Oniversity Two organisms - Giardia (a flagellate protozoan) and Echinococcus (a tapeworm) are health hazards on Isle Royale. Both can be dbtained from contaminated water or food. The tapeworm life cycle is associated with the wolf and the moose. The adult worm lives in the wolf intestine, its eggs pass to foliage which, when ingested by a moose, the embryo enters the blood and finds its way to the lungs and liver and encysts . When a wolf eats moose meat, the cyst develops in the wolf as a worm. People can ingest the eggs and develop the cyst 10 or 12 months later . Cysts are usually 1 cm but can grow to the size of grapefruit. Giardia is called beaver fever or back packer disease and is carried by 40 or more animal species. Samples of 8207 stool specimens showed 83% positive for protozoa, and 37% were Giardia .
Preliminary Observations on the Bionomics of Isotoma notabilis Shaffer Frank J. Calandrino, Michigan State University Working in the ELF antenna research area, the collembolan Isotoma showed density differences throughout the season. There were more juveniles than adults for most of the year, except for a short period in late June. This may be due to desiccation of the young during droughty periods, as there are usually more young in wet periods. Instars are difficult to separate but they can be determined by chetotaxy (setal patterns).
Nectar Production Patterns of Lotu s corniculatus Nancy J. Campbell, Michigan State University Question: Does pollination have adverse effects on nectar pro duction of birdsfoot trefoil ? Answer: No, it stimulates it such that nectar production pattern i s similar for low, medium, and high producing plants.
Translocation of Moose from Ontario to Michigan Rob Aho, Michigan DNR, Baraga, Michigan In June 1987 , Michigan's DNR could boast a population of more than 80 moose in the Upper Peninsula. This effort to reestablish a moose population in Michigan resulted from a request of Ralph Bailey of the MDNR to obtain moose from Ontario. Moose are native to Michigan and we re common in the UP in the 1800's ; but civilization, forest changes, and hunting destroyed their populations . Moose (meaning twig eater) eat twigs in winter and feeds on leaves and aquatic vegetation-Tn summer. As the habitat is again suitable for moose, a team went to Algonquin Park in the winters of 1985 and 1987 to capture moose. The park is similar t o Michigan's U.P. Moose were rounded up by helicopter, tranqu i li zed, carried i n a sl ing by helicopter, to a base camp, and then t ruck ed t o the release site between Marquette and Alberta, Michi gan. In 1985 the DNR captured 10 bulls and 21 cows, and in 1987 they captu red 15 bulls and 15 cows . So far, 31 calves have been tall ied, some cows had twi ns. A few moo se died from a brai nwo rm . One close call occurred in 1987 when a Mi chigan Fisheries Di visi on car hit a moose in the hip. The moose was not hurt, but the car top was dented in. Score one fo r the moos e, car zero! The U. P. should eventually be able to support 1000 moose- -the hope of the DNR by the year 2000. 1 1 New Books immature, brachypterous, and wingl~ss adult insects, as well as other terrestrl~l and THE MOT HS OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO freshwater invertebrates that are llkely to FASCICLE 27.2: NOCTUOIDEA: Noctuidae : be collected, or possibly confused with Noctuinae (in part--the genus EUXOA) by J .D. immature insects. In the keys, direct Lafontaine. Approximately 234 pages, 8 character comparisons are used between colored plates, 32 halftone (black-and-white) couplet halves. Figures placed directly in plates , 2 text figures. the long keys eliminate annoying flipping With 170 species and 24 subspecies, the back and forth to compare details with the noctuid moth genus Euxoa is perhaps the illustration. The descriptions for each largest single genus-or-moths in North family, along with the diagnoses and America, and doubtlessly one of the most illustrations, are important tools for perplexing: moth collectors have invested confirming the identifications made with the countless hours attempting to identify the keys. many similar species. Culminating decades of Family coverage begins with a presentation research and many publications on this of relationships and diagnostic characters. difficult genus, this is the first Following this is a section on biology and COMPREHENSIVE revision of North American ecology, a description of the family, Eu xoa. In this fascicle Dr. Lafontaine comments on a variety of topics such as describes 2 new subgenera, 10 new species, economic importance, size, distribution, and and 3 new subspecies. The larvae (cutworms) state of knowledge, and a selected index to of several species of Euxoa are economically the literature on the family. important. - For purchase information write to: This fascicle, the first to treat part of Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co . , 2460 Kerper the large and diverse family Noctuidae, Blvd., P.O. Bo x 539, Dubuque, IA 52001. features color photographs of the adult moth of each species and several of their diverse forms. The comprehensive text emphasizes the characters that distinguish both sexes of each species, and includes identification keys and information on geographic and seasonal distribution. Major libraries and everyone interested in North American moths will find this work to be an indispensible BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS OF MISSOURI reference of enduring significance. by J. Richard and Joan E. Heitzman PRICE: $75. 00 U.S . (plus postage and packing, and sales tax for California . This new 370-page volume features 833 deliveries). Send orders to: Entomologlcal color photographs of 324 species of moths and Reprint Specialists, P.O. Box 77224, butterflies . Their ranges extend beyond Dockweiler Station, Los Angeles, CA 90007 . Missouri to most neighboring states, making the book a valuable field guide to the IMMATURE INSECTS, VOLUME I , Edited by cOrTlllonly encountered butterflies and moths of Frederick W. Stehr, Michigan State the midwest. University, 1987/768 pages, Casebound / $69.95 The astounding number of color photographs ISBN 0-8403-3702-7 make identification easy, and the Over ten years in development--Immature accompanying texts describe the insects' Insects is the authoritative resource you've habitats, food plants, larval stages and been wanting and waiting for. Whether you're other facts pertinent to the natural history in the classroom, the laboratory , or out of Lepidoptera. conducting field research, you and your The book presents useful information for students wi l l use and refer to Immature beginning the study and collection of I nsects often. butterfl ies and moths , and adds to the Its focus is on the larvae, although knowledge of the experienced entomologist. Immature Insects provides some information on Teachers and librarians will find the book an eggs and pupae. This practical resource instructional reference tool. provides sections on techniqu~s ~or . . The authors are internationally noted collecting, rearing, proper kllllng, f lxat l on experts on butterflies and moths. Missouri and preservation, permanent storage, st udy Department of Conserva t i on Natural History methods and shipping procedures . Abundant Officer J ohn Wil ey calls Richard Heitzman illustr ~ti o ns and detailed informa t i on make "the f oremost authori ty on Lepidoptera in the Immature Insects one of the fi nes t resources state." available t oday. The "book is ava il able by mail for $12.50 With al l the i nfo r ati on you need at you r plus .78 sal es t ax f rom the Mi ssou ri fingertips, this comp rehens i ve r~source ~s Depar tment of Conservation, P.O . Box 180, definitely the one you' want wlth you 1n efferson Ci ty , MO 65 102, or from the all types of professional settings. IrTIIlature Department' s Metro Off ices i n St. Joseph, Insects covers all orders, not just the Springfield, Kansa s City and St. Lou i s. Holometabola. The key to orders includes 12 A GLOSSARY of INSECT REARING TERMS Smoke/Of Kings and Queens/Bee after Bee/Hive by Michael D. Ashby and Pritam Singh. and Hive/How Bees Know Who's Who/How Bees Know What's What/The Quiet Language/To Every branch of science and technology has Frustrate a Bee/Winter Crisis/A Better Bee?/A special terms to describe processes, Better Keeper?/A Sampling of Nectars/Gum procedures, and philosophy. As a science Robbers/A Gathering of Keepers/Of the Bee and progresses, new terms are invented, the Me. And more than thirty black-and-white meanings of old terms are modified, some photographs along with reading references terms become redundant and others become complement this special book which is both a confused. Insect rearing, as a scientific learning experience and a literary delight. discip line, is no exception. It has acquired its own specific terms and borrowed or Richard F. Trump is currently an adjunct mod ified terms from other disciplines. This instructor in the Department of Entomology at unique glossary defines over 450 insect Iowa State University. His academic career rearing terms. Cross references are made and also spans forty years of teaching high sy nonymous words or phrases are indicated for school biology, during which he was chosen to many entries . Antonyms are also shown. receive national and state outstanding teacher awards. A prolific author of Pritam Singh is the author of many biological publications since 1940, Trump has authoritative publications on insect rearing. had nineteen articles and reviews appear in His first book 'Artificial diets for insects, the American Bee Journal. mites, and spiders ' has received world acclaim. His latest volume 'Handbook of ISBN 0-8138-0124-8, $17.95 hardcover, 179 insect rearing' was edited jointly with Dr. pp. Individuals include payment with orders R. F. Moore of the USDA. plus $1.50 per book for postage/handling . Michael Ashby has worked with Pritam Singh Iowans include 4% sales tax. For more for the Entomology Division of the Department information, contact the Marketing of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR). Department, IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2121 South State Avenue, Ames, IA 50010 or call Order now and receive your copy of 'A (515) 292-0140. glossary of insect rearing terms'. PRICE Within New Zealand: NZ$19.90 Outside New Zealand: NZ$21.90 or US$10.95 Prices include New Journal postage and packing, and GST within New Zealand A new quarterly, the JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR, is now available from Plenum Pub lishing Corporation. Edited by William J. Bee Book Bell of the University of Kansas, Lawrence, and Thomas L. Payne, of the Virginia Poly Bees and Their Keepers, recently published technic Institute and State University, by the Iowa State University Press, stands Blacksburg, the JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR out among the many good books about the was initiated in response to the needs of the centuries-old science of beekeeping. Author growing number of researchers in this area. Richard F. Trump's approach is unique; he The journal features research articles and uses a narrative style to record the decades short critical reviews by entomologists on of apian research he has gathered. A all aspects of the behavior of insects and biologist's careful catalogue of scientific terrestrial arthropods. Topics include, but data about the honeybee and honey production are not limited to, insect motor patterns and is explained through homespun anecdotes and orientation, quantitative ethology, social colorful observations in the casual behavior, behavioral ecology, neurophysiology story-telling manner of Will Rogers and of behavioral responses, pharmacological Garrison Keillor. probes into behavior, genetic and develop mental determinants, and theoretical, mathe Although this book is written for bee matical, and computer models of behavioral people, it will captivate the ordinary reader systems. with its stories and simple charm. Designed The price of a four-issue subscription is to inform the student and the potential $85.00 in the United States ($96.00 elsewhere) beekeeper and to expand the perspective of for institutions and $39.50 in the United the scientist and the experienced beekeeper, States ($45.50 elsewhere) for individuals. A Bees and Their Keepers will also intrigue the free examination copy may be obtained by natural hlstory enthusiast and those writing to the Sample Copy Department, Plenum interested in environmental issues. Publishing Corporation, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013-1578. A cursory reading of the chapter titles For more information on this journal, reveals some of the book's charm: Those Wild please contact Marianne Emmet at (212) Bees/How to Tell a Bee from the Keeper/The 620-8420 or Colin Costello at (212) 620-8433. Hoarders/The Wax Workers/The Sting/A Whiff of Review copies are available. 13 Address Changes Death Notice BOROMISA, ROBERT D., 27 Hartman Rd., It is with sorrow and apology that I write to Glenmont, NY 12077. you about the death of my husband, T. Edward CHILCOTE, CHARLEY A., 8420 Strawberry Lake Perry, on April 10, 1986. After completing Rd., Dexter, MI 48130. his B.S. at Kent State University, he taught CORNElL, JEFF, Quarters H.V., Neff Cr., science for the Mentor Exempted Board of N.A.S., Jacksonville, FL 32212. Education. While teaching, he pursued his DESPINS, JOSEPH L., P.O. Box 3008, Kingshill, M.A. at Kent. He completed his work in 1963 St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands 00850. and stayed with the Mentor schools in varying EIBER, THOMAS, 2328 Valley View Ct. , St. administrative and counseling positions until Paul, MN 55119. his retirement in 1985. During all of his FLEXNER, LINDSEY, 569 Hanley Rd., Medford, OR years as an educator he remained a dedicated 97502-125l. entomologist specializing in the study of the HANSEN, RICHARD W., USDA-APHIS, Otis Methods Odonata of northern Ohio. The major portion Development Ctr., Otis ANGB, MA 02542. of his extensive collection, along with field LARSEN, KIRK, Dept. of Entomology, notes, is now housed at the Cleveland Museum OSU/O.A.R.D.C., Wooster, OH 44691. of Natural History. A small coll ecti on from LEGENDRE, MARK, 3216 Beverly Dr., Toledo, OH Old Woman Creek is housed in the museum 43614-4101. i : . .",re. LYNCH, DR. ANN M., USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mtn. Forest &Range Exp. Stn., 240 W. Carolyn K. Perry Prospect, Fort Collins, CO 80526-2098. MACRAE, TED C., Missouri Dept. Agriculture, 4818 Dorsie Dr., St. Louis, MO 63128. MARTINAT, PETER J., 4334-A Ridgway Circle, Michigan Threatened Species Kalamazoo, MI 49007. MILLER, FREDRIC D., JR., Univ. of Illinois, Coop. Ext. Service, 1010 Jorie Blvd. This past summer, the Natural Resources Suite 300, Oak Brook, IL 60521-2215. Commission, policy body for the Department of MOUSIGIAN, CAROL, 429 Soule Blvd., Ann Arbor, Natural Resources, finally approved the State MI 48103-4621. List of Endangered and Threatened Species. NESMITH, JUDY M., 9909 Brookfield St., Here is the list: Livonia, MI 48150-2727. NIXON, PHILIP L., Off. of Agri. Entomology, 1-ENDANGERED 172 Natural Resources, 607 E. Peabody, Champaign, IL 61820. Hungerford's crawling Brychius hungerfordi NORD, JOHN C., 118 River Bottom Cir., Athens, water beetle GA 30606-1992. Spangler PAVULAAN, HARRY, P.O. Box 20202, Affton, St. Ameri can bu ryi ng Nicrophorus americanus Louis, MO 63123. beetl e ROHRER, PHILLIP, 3427-k Sheridanville, Ft. Olivier Dix, NJ 08640. 2-THREATENED- SABO, ANN MARIE H., 2002 U.S. 31 North, Apt. 411, Niles, MI 49120. Dukes' skipper Euphyes dukesi SANBORN, SCOTT A., 3120 Peck Lake Rd. E., (Lindsey ) Ionia, MI 48846-9439. Ottoe skipper Hesperia ottoe SANDERS, WILLIAM P., 32897 Grimsby Lane, Edwards - Franklin, MI 48025. Northern blue Lycaeides argyrognomon SCHMUDE, KURT L., 403 East St., Richland nabokovi Masters Center, WI 53581. Mitchell's satyr Neonympha mitchelli; SMITH, SANDY M., 1718 A. Eglinton Ave. W., French Apt. 2, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA M6E 2H5. Powesheik skipper Oarisma powesheik STIBICK, JEFFREY, N. L., USDA APHIS, 6505 (Parker) Belcrest Rd., Hyattsville, MD 20782. Regal fritillary Speyeria idalia TAYLOR, RICHARD S., 145 Manor Way, Rochester (Dru ry) Hills, MI 48063. TUCKWELL, STAN, 9495 Busch Rd., Birch Run, MI After a series of public hearings and 48415. notices, these insects were listed pursuant WACLAWSKI, PHILLIP P., 1274 Island Lake Rd., to The Endangered Species Act, 1974, Public Kalk ask i , M 496 46. Act No. 203. Collecting of these species [BS ER, EG NA P., Dept. de Biologie, will be prohi bi ted except under special Un ' vers't e ~ ava' , Sa ' ., e-Foy, Qu ebec, permit. This l i st i s required to be reviewed CANAD A GI P4. every t wo years under this statute. For INGERS ON -MAHAR , JOSEPH ~ ., 95 . Broadway, f urther detai ls and l ists of Mi chigan' s Penns v; l e, N" 080 Speci al An "mals and Pl ants, write to Thomas F. Wei se, Wi l dli fe Division, DNR, P.O. Box ROLTSCH, WI LIAM, Crop Center, CSU , ~ ~esno, CA 93740. 30028 , Lansing , M 48909. 14 DON'T LET A SUMMER LOVE SONG Bugs in the News ON HOLD FOR 17 YEARS BUG YOU That sound you hear is the Brood X cicada, A noisy bug that has been waiting 17 years back after 17 years. to sing a raspy love song to a ladyfriend may Although they are often called 17-year disrupt your afternoon naps this summer. locusts, they aren't locusts at all. They Fortunately, the 17-year cicada, which are cicadas--and the ones coming back to the some call the 17-year locust, confines his Northeast this spring are in the brood that's romantic advances to daytime hours. So, the granddaddy of them all. unless you work nights and sl'eep days or you "These insects, which we call Brood X like afternoon naps, you probably won't even periodical cicadas--and that's a number, not notice him. a letter--last appeared 17 years ago, in "And they don't bite, don't sting and 1970," said Douglass Miller, an entomologist don't spread disease," said Bethany Johnston with the Agricultural Research Service's of Michigan State University's Entomology Systematic Entomology Lab at Beltsville, MD. Department. "Besides making a lot of noise, about the The noise, which some people liken to a only effect they'll have in most places is to buzzing telephone wire, is made by the male prune the tips of branches on some deciduous cicada, who rapidly vibrates a drumlike trees and shrubs," Miller explained. membrane on his abdomen to attract the Nevertheless, according to Miller, damage attention of females. caused by 17-year periodical cicadas can be "The long, drawn-out buzzing can be quite severe in some locations, particularly to noisy," said Gary Dunn, extension oaks, dogwoods, and fruit trees. entomologist at MSU. "But I'm quite sure all For 17 years, Brood X insect nymphs have of the singing goes on "in the hottest part of been underground, feeding slowly on plant the day." roots. They emerged from the soil in May and June of this year in the northeastern quarter of the U.S. and adjoining parts of Canada. The farther north, the later the emergence. . A different brood of 17-year period1cal cicadas appears each year. The broods are numbered 1 through XVII. Three broods of 13-year periodical cicadas also exist. After the immature cicadas emerge from the soil, they climb the nearest tree or post and shed their skin, mating within a week. About two weeks later, the females lay their eggs, puncturing small branches to do so. The adults die a few weeks after that, ending the insect swarm. Johnston said she witnessed a huge cicada After 6-8 weeks, the eggs hatch and cicada concentration in Wisconsin about three years nymphs drop or crawl to the ground, where ago and it was no more annoying than frogs or they enter the soil to begin the long, slow crickets. feast that will last until they mature--in You probably recall hearing the familiar the year 2004. Because the nymphs feed summer sound last year. That's because there slowly, most trees survive. are several different species of cicadas with What damage may occur to trees and shrubs life cycles of one, three, 13 a~d 17 y~ars. can be reduced by covering them with open Dunn said the 17-year cycle 1S a maJor weave cloth, such as mosquito netting or entomological event. "It is the longest life heavy cheesecloth, when the insects appear. cycle for any insect,"he said. The cloth should be taken down only when most The nymphs live underground for 16 years, insects have gone. then crawl out and climb a tree. They shed Periodical cicadas are often confused with their skin and emerge as an adult. This common cicadas, which appear every year. But usually happens between May and July. the song of the periodical cicada is less After mating, the female lays her eggs on regular than the steady warble of the common twigs. When they hatch, the new generation cicada. drops to the ground and digs in for another "More than anythi ng else, they're an 16 years. The adults die in a few weeks. interesting phenomenon," Miller said. "I take out my flashlight late at night and By Norris Ingells watch the immatures emerge and shed their Lans i ng State J ou rna 1 skins." "Besides, it's just pleasant to listen Centipede to physician: "Doc, when to their song." By Jim Benson my feet hurt, I hurt all over" ARS Information Staff Centipede to pal: "I just hate it when 1 USDA News start the day off on the wrong foot" 15 :s: C"":) MICHIGAN ENTOMOLO GICA L SOCIETY ::::c G:) Membership Application > :::c> t:j ® t:j 2: ::oc ...... ,.., Please enroll me as a member of the Michigan Entomo V') fT1 V') ~ logical Society, in the classification checked below. }> ~ ~ ---i (/) - -U CJ -IO}> c::::> o Student Member (excluding college juniors, seniors, and C> r J: ;u graduate students}.--annual dues $4.00 ::oc }>Gi-l !S: ::oc Z }> ~ c=) o Active Member--annual dues $8.00 ...... ~ZfT1 CJ r Institutional Member (organizations, libraries, etc.}--annual ---4 Z (/) Z o (;)-1-1 c=) dues $15.00 C> . }> 0 G:) ::z: ~-I., o Sustaining Member--annual contribution $25.00 or more. - fT1 C"":) ::oc o C fT1 o Life Member--$160.00 ...... :::c> c :!:Z~ • (NOTE: Membership is on a calendar year basis (Jan. 1-Dec. c (;):;::0 r ...... }>fT1~ 31). Memberships accepted before July 1 shall begin on the preceed V') Z ;U 0 C/.:) ,.....,---4 ~ (/) r c=) ing January 1; memberships accepted at a later date shall begin the (Xl - 0 t:j (Xl ~ (;) C"":) following January 1 unless the earlier date is requested and the N -< W rn required dues are paid.) ---i I enclose $ cash, check, or money order) as dues -< for the calendar year (s) , appropriate for the class ~CH3 <::; of membership checked above. (Please make remittance payable to Z-~~ til Z~ ~ ~ .,-, Michigan Entomological Society) .