1951–2011: 60 YEARS THE A UNION OF LAW 2011 THE TREATIES OF Treaty of Accession of Croatia, 9 December 2011 ans ratification in progress THE EUROPEAN UNION Lisbon Treaty, 1 December 2009 Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania, 1 January 2007 Lisbon: 13 December 2007 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, • The European Council becomes an institution signed on 29 October 2004 • Law-making parity between the European did not come into force Parliament and the Council Treaty of Accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia,

• Involvement of national parliaments CHRONOLOGY ENTRY AND INTO FORCE • Legal personality of the EU Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia, • Charter of Fundamental Rights 1 May 2004 Treaty of Nice, 1 February 2003 Nice: 26 February 2001 Treaty of Amsterdam, 1 May 1999 • Reform of the institutions Treaty of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, 1 January 1995 for the future Union of 27 © The European Union 13 December 2007 in Lisbon when the Treaty was signed Act amending the Protocol on the Statute of the EIB: European Investment Fund, 1 May 1994 Amsterdam: 2 October 1997 Treaty on European Union (TEU), • Area of freedom, security and justice 1 November 1993 • Integration of the Schengen acquis Single European Act, 1 July 1987 60• Human rights • Equality between men and women Treaty of Accession of Spain and Portugal, • Sustainable development 1 January 1986 • High Representative for the CFSP • Crisis management capacity Treaty on Greenland, 1 January 1985 Treaty of Accession of Greece, 1 January 1981 Maastricht: 7 February 1992 Treaty amending the Protocol on the Statute of the European Investment Bank (EIB): • Birth of the European Union © The European Union 25 April 2005 in during the signing ceremony for the Treaty Modification of the unit of account; conversion method, • Economic and monetary union of Accession of Romania and Bulgaria 1 October 1977 • Move towards the • Common foreign and security policy (CFSP) Treaty amending certain financial provisions, • Justice and home affairs (JHA) 1 June 1977 Treaty of Accession of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom, Single Act: 17 and 28 February 1986 1 January 1973 • Qualified majority voting Treaty amending certain budgetary provisions: • Beginning of legislative cooperation between the Council ‘Own resources’, and the European Parliament 1 January 1971 • Towards a large internal market • Foreign policy cooperation Treaty merging the executive bodies, • First mention of the European Council 1 July 1967 Convention on the Netherlands Antilles,

© The European Union 1 October 1964 Rome: 25 March 1957 25 March 1957 in Rome during the signing ceremony for the EEC and Euratom Treaties Convention on certain institutions common to the • Two founding treaties: ‘… an ever closer union among the European Communities: Assembly, Court of Justice, peoples of Europe’ (EEC preamble) Economic and Social Committee,  Gradual establishment of a 1 January 1958 general common market (EEC) KEY STAGES AND SIGNINGS KEY STAGES  European Atomic Energy Community Treaty establishing the European Atomic (EAEC or Euratom) Energy Community (EAEC),

1 January 1958 © The European Union, 2011 Treaty establishing the European : 18 April 1951 Economic Community (EEC), • First founding treaty: 1 January 1958  Common market for the strategic products Treaty establishing the European Defence

of the time: coal and steel Community, signed on 27 May 1952 — ISBN 978-92-824·3463-5 — doi:10.2860/14747 — did not come into force © Union européenne Union © 18 April 1951: the Treaty of Paris establishes the ECSC: Paul van Zeeland, Belgian Foreign Treaty establishing the European Coal and Affairs Minister; Joseph Bech, Luxembourg Foreign Affairs Minister; Joseph Meurice, Steel Community (ECSC), Belgian Foreign Trade Minister; Carlo Sforza, Italian Foreign Affairs Minister; Robert 23 July 1952 The treaties are Schuman, French Foreign Affairs Minister; , German Federal Chancellor and Federal Foreign Affairs Minister; Dirk Stikker, Netherlands Federal Foreign Affairs expired on 23 July 2002 the foundation of the Union. Minister; Johannes van den Brink, Minister for Economic Affairs of the Netherlands They are: negotiated and signed by the representatives of the Member States, ratifiedby the national parliaments and approved by the European Parliament. 1951 QC-32-11-757-EN-P arch i v es ➋ www.consilium.europa.eu histor i cal ser i e s