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Hydropolitics and Issue-Linkage Along the Orontes River Basin:… 105 Realised in the Context of the Political Rapprochement in the 2000S, Has Also Ended (Daoudy 2013)
Int Environ Agreements (2020) 20:103–121 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-019-09462-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Hydropolitics and issue‑linkage along the Orontes River Basin: an analysis of the Lebanon–Syria and Syria–Turkey hydropolitical relations Ahmet Conker1 · Hussam Hussein2,3 Published online: 13 December 2019 © The Author(s) 2019 Abstract The Orontes River Basin is among the least researched transboundary water basins in the Middle East. The few studies on the Orontes have two main theoretical and empirical shortcomings. First, there is a lack of critical hydropolitics studies on this river. Second, those studies focus on either the Turkish–Syrian or Lebanese–Syria relations rather than analysing the case in a holistic way. Gathering both primary (international agreements, government documents, political statements and media outlets) and secondary sources, this paper seeks to answer how could Syria, as the basin hydro-hegemon, impose its control on the basin? This study argues that the lack of trilateral initiatives, which is also refected in academic studies, is primarily due to asymmetrical power dynamics. Accordingly, Syria played a dual-game by excluding each riparian, Turkey and Lebanon, and it dealt with the issue at the bilateral interaction. Syria has used its political infuence to maintain water control vis-à-vis Lebanon, while it has used non-cooperation with Turkey to exclude Tur- key from decision-making processes. The paper also argues that the historical background and the political context have strongly informed Syria’s water policy. Finally, given the recent regional political developments, the paper fnds that Syria’s power grip on the Orontes Basin slowly fades away because of the changes in the broader political context. -
Tel Dan ‒ Biblical Dan
Tel Dan ‒ Biblical Dan An Archaeological and Biblical Study of the City of Dan from the Iron Age II to the Hellenistic Period Merja Alanne Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Theology, at the University of Helsinki in the Main Building, Auditorium XII on the 18th of March 2017, at 10 a.m. ISBN 978-951-51-3033-4 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-51-3034-1 (PDF) Unigrafia Helsinki 2017 “Tell el-Kadi” (Tel Dan) “Vettä, varjoja ja rehevää laidunta yllin kyllin ‒ mikä ihana levähdyspaikka! Täysin siemauksin olemme kaikki nauttineet kristallinkirkasta vettä lähteestä, joka on ’maailman suurimpia’, ja istumme teekannumme ympärillä mahtavan tammen juurella, jonne ei mikään auringon säde pääse kuumuutta tuomaan, sillä aikaa kuin hevosemme käyvät joen rannalla lihavaa ruohoa ahmimassa. Vaivumme niihin muistoihin, jotka kiertyvät levähdyspaikkamme ympäri.” ”Kävimme kumpua tarkastamassa ja huomasimme sen olevan mitä otollisimman kaivauksille. Se on soikeanmuotoinen, noin kilometrin pituinen ja 20 m korkuinen; peltona oleva pinta on hiukkasen kovera. … Tulimme ajatelleeksi sitä mahdollisuutta, että reunoja on kohottamassa maahan peittyneet kiinteät muinaisjäännökset, ehkä muinaiskaupungin muurit. Ei voi olla mitään epäilystä siitä, että kumpu kätkee poveensa muistomerkkejä vuosituhansia kestäneen historiansa varrelta.” ”Olimme kaikki yksimieliset siitä, että kiitollisempaa kaivauspaikkaa ei voine Palestiinassakaan toivoa. Rohkenin esittää sen ajatuksen, että tämä Pyhän maan pohjoisimmassa kolkassa oleva rauniokumpu -
Chronos Uses the Creative Commons License CC BY-NC-SA That Lets You Remix, Transform, and Build Upon the Material for Non-Commercial Purposes
Chronos- Revue d’Histoire de l’Université de Balamand, is a bi-annual Journal published in three languages (Arabic, English and French). It deals particularly with the History of the ethnic and religious groups of the Arab world. Journal Name: Chronos ISSN: 1608-7526 Title: Archaeology of Medieval Lebanon: an Overview Author(s): Tasha Voderstrasse To cite this document: Voderstrasse, T. (2019). Archaeology of Medieval Lebanon: an Overview. Chronos, 20, 103-128. https://doi.org/10.31377/chr.v20i0.476 Permanent link to this document: DOI: https://doi.org/10.31377/chr.v20i0.476 Chronos uses the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-SA that lets you remix, transform, and build upon the material for non-commercial purposes. However, any derivative work must be licensed under the same license as the original. CHl{ONOS Revue d'Histoirc de l'Univcrsite de Balamand Numero 20, 2009, ISSN 1608 7526 ARCHAEOLOGY OF MEDIEVAL LEBANON: AN OVERVIEW T ASHA VORDERSTRASSE 1 Introduction This article will present an overview of the archaeological work done on medieval Lebanon from the 19th century to the present. The period under examination is the late medieval period, from the 11th to the 14th centuries, encompassing the time when the region was under the control of various Islamic dynasties and the Crusaders. The archaeology of Le banon has been somewhat neglected over the years, despite its importance for our understanding of the region in the medieval period, mainly because of the civil war (1975-1990), which made excavations and surveys in the country impossible and led to the widespread looting of sites (Hakiman 1987; Seeden 1987; Seeden 1989; Fisk 1991 ; Hakiman 1991; Ward 1995; Hackmann 1998; Sader 2001. -
EARLY NEOTHERMAL SITES in the NEAR EAST and ANATOLIA Ls
STVDll ŞI MATERIALE EARLY NEOTHERMAL SITES IN THE NEAR EAST AND ANATOLIA. A REVIEW OF MATERIAL, INCLUDING FIGURINES, AS A BACKGROUND TO THE NEOLITHIC OF TEMPERATE SOUTH EAST EUROPE by JOHN G. NANDRIS, M. A., Ph. D. (london). TWO PERIODS IN THE EARLY NEOTHERMAL. It becomes increasingly r.ecessary to give a summary of the significant events which took place in the Near East after the 9th millennium, as the excavated and published material increases. ThP. traits in the S.E. European neolithic which are commonly referred to Near Eastern sources make it necessary to do so, at least with reference to these traits and more especially to figurines. It is not intended to give a complete account of ali the better known characteristics of these Near Eastern cultures, but only to exa some of thc features which seem to acquire or retain importance in their pre mine SU!11ed subsequent diffusion and to comment on their implications. The publication of the figurine material is, here as elsewhere, only partial, not ..lways illustratcd, and sometimes, only general ideas of the quantity and associationt can be obtaincd. however we divide the period for convenience into two broad If divisions of c9000-7000 BC and c7000-5000 BC we can assign the material to various cultural groups within this and sometimes comment more precisely. This procedure may help to establish the perspective necessary to a true appreciation of the back ground to Eastcrn Europe which, lacking it, would be liable to an interpre tation altogether too parochial. The period of 9000 B.C. -
Tyre the Tyre-Al Bass Necropolis P. 16 La Stele De Ramses II En Provenance De Tyr P. 28 Derechef Ramses II, Tyr Et La Stele 2030 Du Musee National De Beyrouth P
Tyre The Tyre-Al Bass necropolis p. 16 La stele de Ramses II en provenance de Tyr p. 28 Derechef Ramses II, Tyr et la stele 2030 du Musee National de Beyrouth p. 34 Derechef Ramses II, Tyr et la stele 2030 du Musee National de Beyrouth p. 34 Ancient purple dyeing by extraction of the colour from Murex Phylonnus Tronculus, p. 38 Murex Phylonnus Brandaris, Thais Purpura Haemastoma and Whelk following the Natural history of Plinius Secundus Caius, called Pliny the Elder (23 A.D.-79 A.D.) Les Farah : une famille du Liban qui a enrichi le Musee du Louvre p. 50 Rachidieh The location and ancient names of mainland Tyre and the role of Rachidieh in their p. 60 context Jars from the first millennium B.C. at Tell Rachidieh : phoenician cinerary urns and p. 70 grave goods A propos des jarres inscrites de Tell Rachidieh p. 80 Tell Rachidieh : foreign relations p. 88 Sidon Sidon British museum excavations 1998-2003 p. 102 A middle Minoan Cup from Sidon p. 124 Animal bone deposits under Sidon's Minoan cup p. 128 Jars from the second millennium B.C. at Sidon : child burials or deposited goods in p. 132 graves Petrographic analysis p. 136 Examination of several scarabs from Sidon 2002 season of excavation p. 146 Scarabs from Sidon 2002 season of excavation : additional notes p. 153 Weapons from the Middle Bronze Age burials at Sidon p. 154 The Durighellos and the archaeology of Lebanon p. 180 Litige entre Habib Abela et Alphonse Durighello a propos du Sarcophage d'Eshmunazor II p. -
Volume 58, Number 3, Fall
Fall 2008 Volume 58, no. 3 ASOR ANNOUNCES NEW WEBSITE Andrew G. Vaughn some time, and it has been a long time in development. The current website was built using Web 1.0 generation technology, SOR is pleased to announce the launching of its new and it is strong in content but weak as the data grows. Older website which will go “live” on November 5th. The ad- websites like ASOR’s current site become cumbersome as the Adress of the new website will be the same (www.asor. content grows because they are difficult to search and difficult to org), but there will be some important improvements—both update. You may have also noticed that there are inconsisten- those that you can see and those you can’t see. The new web- cies in the current website, and such inconsistencies and dif- site is already launched ferences of information in a beta testing version, will be greatly avoided and many people are with the new Web 2.0 busy working out the technology that will kinks. We are particu- drive the new website. larly thankful to the web Many of the im- development committee provements will be eas- (Michael Homan [chair], ily visible to all ASOR Eric Cline, Sarah Kansa, members and anyone and Andy Vaughn [ex-of- interested in ASOR. The ficio]) and to the Boston Web 2.0 software em- University Department phasizes scaling, consis- of Information Technol- tency, and accessibility. ogy (especially BU web As the screen capture developer Basil Consi- on this page shows, the dine). -
Table of Contents
NOVEMBER 20–23 | SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA Welcome to ASOR’s 2019 Annual Meeting 2–6 History of ASOR 7 Program-at-a-Glance 10–12 Business Meetings and Special Events 14–15 Meeting Highlights 16 Members’ Meeting Agenda 16 Academic Program 20–49 Contents Projects on Parade Poster Session 50–51 of 2019 Sponsors and Exhibitors 52–57 2018 Honors and Awards 58 Looking Ahead to the 2020 Annual Meeting 59 Honorific and Memorial Gifts 60–61 Fiscal Year 2019 Honor Roll 62–64 Table Table ASOR’s Legacy Circle 65 2019 ACOR Jordanian Travel Scholarship Recipients 65 2019 Fellowship Recipients 66 ASOR Board of Trustees 67 ASOR Committees 68–70 Institutional Members 71 Overseas Centers 72 ASOR Staff 73 Paper Abstracts 74–194 Projects on Parade Poster Abstracts 195–204 Index of Sessions 205–207 Index of Presenters 208–214 Hotel Information 215 Meeting Mobile App and Wifi Information 216 Cover photo credit: courtesy of Joanne DiBona and Visit San Diego ISBN 978-0-89757-114-2 ASOR PROGRAM GUIDE 2019 | 1 AMERICAN SCHOOLS OF ORIENTAL RESEARCH | 2019 ANNUAL MEETING Welcome from the ASOR President, Susan Ackerman Welcome to ASOR’s 2019 Annual Meeting! We are delighted to be back at the Westin San Diego—the site of ASOR’s very successful 2014 meeting— and even more delighted to report that, in 2019, we have an even richer and more dynamic program to present to you than we did five years ago, with 60 additional papers and posters, featuring our members’ cutting-edge research about all of the major regions of the Near East and wider Mediterranean, from earliest times through the Islamic period. -
Cities and Hinterlands in Roman and Byzantin
Caesarea Maritima – A View from Outside: The Periphery of the Roman and Byzantine Metropolis Peter Gendelman – Uzi ‘Ad Life and afterlife coexisted in the periphery of Caesarea Maritima the metropolis of the province Judaea, later Syria Palaestina and Palaestina Prima. This paper offers a view on the different activities, which have taken place in the outskirts of Caesarea in about a radius of 15 km from the city-walls. We will focus on the city’s necropoleis, wasters, suburb mansions, stone quarries, agricultural installations, water supply and watermills. Necropoleis The cemeteries of Caesarea are scattered from the Hadera Stream toCrocodileon Flumen (Tanninim Stream) with concentration in close proximity to the city’s walls (fig. 1d).1 Remains of a 1st century hypogeum with evidence of secondary burial by collecting of bones, a known Jewish practice, was exposed southeast of the city.2 A number of 3rd to 7th century Jewish funerary inscriptions, which were found scattered in this district3, suggest a continuous ownership of cemeteries in the area by the Jewish community of Caesarea. The best Caesarean example of walled cemetery was found next to the Herodian city’s south fortification, where inhumation and cremation were practiced between the late 1st and early 3rd century.4 Deceased were buried in cists built of stone slabs or within urns, mainly of reused pottery vessels. Stepped pyramidal and pillar like stelae of local sandstones were built atop the cists, and inscribed marble gravestones, in Latin and Greek, were attached to their upper-face (fig. 1a).5 The fragmentary marble sarcophagi found along the road leading from Caesarea to Flavia Neapolis/Shechem indicate that in Caesarea, like in other cities, burial in roadside cemeteries was practiced. -
Management Has Reviewed the Request for Inspection of The
MAN AGEME NT RESPONSE TO REQUEST FOR INSPECTION PANE L REVIEW OF THE LEBANON: WATER SUPPLY AUGMENTATION PROJECT (P125184); GREATER BEIRUT WATER SUPPLY (P103063) AND ITS ADDITIONAL FINANCING (P165711) Management has reviewed the Request for Inspection of the Lebanon: Water Supply Augmentation Project (Pl25184); Greater Beirut Water Supply (Pl 03063) and its Additional Financing (P16571 l), received by the Inspection Panel on August 6, 2018 and registered on September 12, 2018 (RQ 18/05). Management has prepared the following response. October 12, 2018 CONTENTS Abbreviations and Acronyms iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY V I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. THE REQUEST 1 III. PROJECT BACKGROUND 3 IV. SPECIAL ISSUES 6 V. MANAGEMENT'S RESPONSE 7 Map Map 1. IBRD No. 43987 Annexes Annex 1. Claims and Responses Annex 2. Location of Environment Sensitive Areas and Large Water Infrastructure in Lebanon Annex 3. Lebanese Law No. 3 7 for Cultural Properties Annex 4. Summary of Potential Dam and Non-Dam Alternative Sources Annex 5. Extract from 2014 "Assessment of Groundwater Resources of Lebanon" Annex 6. Consultations Carried out for the Lebanon Water Projects Annex 7. Information Booklet on the Grievance Redress Mechanism Annex 8. Communication with Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) iii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFGBWSP Additional Financing Greater Beirut Water Supply AC Appeal Committee BAP Biodiversity Action Plan BMLWE Beirut Mount Lebanon Water Establishment CDR Council for Development and Reconstruction CESMP Construction Environmental and Social Management Plan -
Capital of Solomon's Fourth District? Israelite
Capital of Solomon’s Fourth District? Israelite Dor Ayelet Gilboa1, Ilan Sharon2 and Elizabeth Bloch-Smith3 1 Kings 4 relates that Dor, the major port-town on Israel’s Carmel coast, constituted part of the Solomonic state. This formed the basis for several historical reconstructions. Here, for the first time, we examine all the relevant archaeological data available after three decades of excavations at Tel Dor. We conclude that indeed, archaeology supports a scenario whereby Dor passed from Phoenician to Israelite hands, but that this happened in the second half of the 9th century BC. This shift involved a significant change in the role of Dor and its harbour, exemplified by changes in urban layout, ceramic production, and in commercial and other interaction spheres. Keywords Dor, Kingdom of Israel, Mediterranean Iron Age, Mediterranean interconnections, book of Kings Introduction, previous scholarship and rationale In the context of the Israelite Monarchy, Dor Tel Dor (Kh. el-Burg) is an 8 ha large mound, located appears only once, in the list of Solomon’s administra- on Israel’s Carmel coast (Figs 1 and 2). From the 2nd tive districts (1 Kings 4), discussed further below. millennium BC on, it served as one of the main port Consequently, Dor is usually perceived as one of towns along the Carmel and Sharon coasts and from Israel’s prominent maritime outlets at the time of the around the end of that millennium was undoubtedly United Monarchy. It is deemed especially important the most important. Its prominent assets consisted of for Israelite–Phoenician commercial collaboration well-protected anchorages to the north and south — (Aharoni 1979: 17, 25; Stern 1990a: 17; 1993: 27; a rarity along the southern Levantine Mediterranean 2000: 104–8, 121; Faust 2007: 68). -
Environmental Changes in Lebanon During the Holocene: Man Vs
ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of Arid Environments xxx (2009) 1–10 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Arid Environments journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jaridenv Environmental changes in Lebanon during the Holocene: Man vs. climate impacts L. Hajar a,*, M. Haı¨dar-Boustani b, C. Khater c, R. Cheddadi a a Universite´ Montpellier 2, CNRS, Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution CC 061, Place Euge`ne Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France b Muse´e de Pre´histoire libanaise, Universite´ Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Lebanon c Center for Remote Sensing, National Council for Scientific Research in Lebanon, BP 11-8281, Bir Hassan, Beirut, Lebanon article info abstract Article history: Pollen and archaeological studies were undertaken in the Southern Bekaa Valley (Lebanon, Mediterra- Received 25 April 2008 nean region). Two Holocene records retrieved in the Aammiq and Chamsine/Anjar wetlands, respectively Received in revised form located at the foothills of Mount Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountain, in the Southern Bekaa Valley, 12 November 2008 were analyzed to highlight climatic vs. anthropogenic influence on landscape patterns. Our data records Accepted 13 November 2008 support hypothesis on climatically driven modification during the Late Glacial Age and the early Holo- Available online xxx cene. Human disturbances in the study area are only depicted after c. 8 ky cal. BP, with different patterns in eastern and western parts of the Southern Bekaa Valley. These modifications are in line with major Keywords: Deforestation landscape changes in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Since c. 8 ky cal. BP, major deforestation events Human impact on Mount Lebanon are recorded in the Aammiq area depicting human interference, while in Chamsine/ Levant Anjar, no sign of such activities can be interpolated since strong deciduous oak development is recorded. -
The Conservation and Presentation of 'Fragmentary
The Conservation and Presentation of ‘Fragmentary’Archaeological Sites in Modern Urban Contexts: Post-War Redevelopment in London, Berlin and Beirut. Caroline A. Sandes Volume I Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD 2007 Institute of Archaeology, University College London, University of London. This thesis is an unrevised examination copy for consultation only and it should not be quoted or cited without the permission of the Director of the Institute UMI Number: U592665 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U592665 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 In memory of my godmothers, E. Jane Magnier (1941-2004) and Zoe K. Stewart (1922-2004) Abstract This research is concerned with the conservation of fragmentary archaeological features in the modem city particularly within the context of the social and architectural trauma associated with post-war redevelopment. This site type is generally represented by building foundations and architectural ruins, stretches of town wall and other such masonry remains that have been conserved in isolation, as opposed to being integrated into later buildings.