Theme Seen Through the Use of Metaphors and Similes in Katy Perry’S Selected Songs in the Album Entitled Teenage Dream
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PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THEME SEEN THROUGH THE USE OF METAPHORS AND SIMILES IN KATY PERRY’S SELECTED SONGS IN THE ALBUM ENTITLED TEENAGE DREAM AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By REGINA RIENTINA Student Number: 144214066 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2018 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THEME SEEN THROUGH THE USE OF METAPHORS AND SIMILES IN KATY PERRY’S SELECTED SONGS IN THE ALBUM ENTITLED TEENAGE DREAM AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By REGINA RIENTINA Student Number : 144214066 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2018 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI God helps those who help themselves vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI For my beloved parents and my beloved friends, who are always there for me viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE .....................................................................................................ii APPROVAL PAGE ...........................................................................................iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .....................................................................................iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ..........................................................................v STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY .................................................................vi MOTTO PAGE ..................................................................................................vii DEDICATION PAGE .......................................................................................viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..............................................................................ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................x ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................xii ABSTRAK ...........................................................................................................xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................1 A. Background of the Study .........................................................................1 B. Problem Formulation ...............................................................................4 C. Objectives of the Study ...........................................................................5 D. Definition of Terms .................................................................................5 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE .................................................7 A. Review of Related Studies ......................................................................7 B. Review of Related Theories ....................................................................9 1. Semantics ............................................................................................9 2. Figurative Expressions ........................................................................11 a. Metaphor .........................................................................................13 b. Simile ..............................................................................................16 3. Theme ..................................................................................................17 C. Theoretical Framework ...........................................................................18 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ................................................................20 A. Object of the Study .................................................................................20 B. Approach of the Study .............................................................................21 C. Method of the Study ................................................................................22 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS (RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS) ...................26 A. The Metaphors and Similes Found in Katy Perry’s Selected Songs in the Album Entitled Teenage Dream ...................................................26 1. Metaphor .............................................................................................27 a. Katy Perry’s “Firework” .................................................................27 b. Katy Perry’s “E.T.” .........................................................................28 c. Katy Perry’s “Pearl”........................................................................32 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 2. Simile ..................................................................................................38 a. Katy Perry’s “Firework” ................................................................39 b. Katy Perry’s “E.T.” .........................................................................44 c. Katy Perry’s “Pearl” ........................................................................46 B. The Themes of Katy Perry’s Selected Songs in the Album Entitled Teenage Dream ........................................................................................48 1. The Theme in Katy Perry’s “Firework” ..............................................48 2. The Theme in Katy Perry’s “E.T.” ......................................................52 3. The Theme in Katy Perry’s “Pearl” .....................................................54 4. The Theme of the album Teenage Dream ...........................................58 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ........................................................................59 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................61 APPENDICES ...................................................................................................64 Appendix 1: Lyrics in selected Katy Perry’s songs .................................64 Appendix 2: Summaries of the songs ......................................................74 Appendix 3: The metaphors ....................................................................75 Appendix 4: The similes .........................................................................76 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT Rientina, Regina. Theme Seen Through The Use of Metaphors and Similes in Katy Perry’s Selected Songs in The Album Entitled Teenage Dream. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2018. Songs become the data that are analyzed in this study because many people love songs. People listen to songs every day to accompany their daily activities or just accompany them in their part time. The data are taken from Katy Perry’s selected songs in the album entitled Teenage Dream. There are three songs finally have many metaphors and similes. Those songs are entitled “Firework,” “E.T.,” and “Pearl.” The part of the song that is analyzed in this study is the metaphors and similes. Metaphor and simile are figurative expressions which are commonly used in the literary works especially song. Metaphor and simile can also make the song more meaningful because metaphor and simile contain deeper meaning than ordinary language. The aim of this study was to find the theme of the album through the metaphors and similes used in the song lyrics. First, this study analyzed the metaphors and similes found in order to get the straightforward or clearer meanings of the metaphoric expressions and similes used. Second, this study collected the keywords gotten from the straightforward meanings in order to find the theme of the song. Last, this study used the result of the analysis such as the theme of the songs to find the theme of the album. Semantic approach was used here in order to analyze the data found in this study because this study was a study of meaning. First, the researcher analyzed the literal meaning of the metaphors and similes found. Second, the researcher used the theories of metaphors and similes in order to find the straightforward meanings from those figurative expressions. Last, semantic properties were used here to see the resemblances of the keywords gotten from the straightforward meanings. The resemblances then were used to define the theme of the song. The findings of this study were 8 similes and 14 metaphors found in the three songs entitled “Firework,” “Pearl,” and “E.T.” Specifically, the song “Firework” contained 5 similes and 1 metaphor, the song “Pearl” contained 2 similes and 8 metaphors, and then the song “E.T.” contained 1 simile, and 5 metaphors. This present study also found the theme of each song analyzed in this study. The first was the song entitled “Firework” had the theme “encouragement.” Second, the song entitled “Pearl” had the theme “an unhealthy relationship.” Third, the song entitled “E.T.” had the theme “falling in love with someone who is unique.” Last, the theme of the album was “teenage dream.” xii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK Rientina, Regina. Theme Seen Through The Use of Metaphors and Similes in Katy Perry’s Selected Songs