INTR D TI N O U C O .

: su m m er 1 905 this book was in 1 During the of , the writer of the “

Jfli ce . . . a a a ha of Dr H G Re d , when the l tter sked the question , W t grea t things did General Tipton do th at our County an d City an d other an d ar e am him an d a him Counties Cities n ed for , so little s id of in ” ? a a m a was history In the convers tion th t followed , bits of infor tion am r a glean ed until the subject bec e of conside able interest . At th t

“ tim e the Doctor wa s the Presi dent of the Tipton Literary an d

a an d a a a . of Suffr ge Club , he suggested th t p per on the life a a an d a A Gener l John Tipton be prep red re d before the club . cting u am m m s e a a i n pon this suggestion , the progr co ittee t p rt a T pto ” n m a was l N ight a d Mrs . Sa M tthews se ected to prep are an d rea d a

— a . a r e a an d m a p per on the subject After c reful se rch uch l bor , she pre a n m n a p red a d rea d a ost valuable a d interesting p per . It aroused con si r bl n m m a wa s m em d e a e discussion a d uch infor tion derived . The bers of the club becam e so enthused tha t they conceived the idea of rai s i n a a m m a a a g fund for the purpose of erecting onu ent , or t blet or p int ing to the m em ory of the . m an for whom the County an d City were m m m a a a m m . n a ed . Co ittees were appointed to dopt pl n for a onu ent

Those who took the i niti ative an d gave life to the m ovem ent were Dr .

D n n . a . n G . a a a d . n . a d . . a d Mrs H Re d , Mrs W ugh , George H Mrs Gifford f m “. . . S a a . . . m a . Mrs George Teter , Mrs M tthews , Mrs W L Berry n , Mrs f r d O ir k . . r a . . H . h . m n e o H . g n , Mrs E S , Mrs Dr Dickey , Mrs Willia St a d , l an d am a a . M . W . Pershing others whose n es c nnot just now be rec led m m wa s m s For so e ti e the subject ore or less discus ed , but no definite m u th a m m a a e . . . pl ns were t red until during l st su er , when Prof C F

a an d . . m m P tterson , Superintendent of the City Schools , L D Su ers , ar m m an d County Superintendent of Schools , he d of the ove ent they

a a s . wa s m a a t suggested th t the project of historic i port nce , th t i be an d a m a a brought before the publi c schools th t it be de County a ffa ir . This was thought a dvi sable an d it was m ade a specia l feature before the ’ ’ a wa s m h County Tea chers Institute . An ddress ade before t e Tea chers

“ a a an d a m a Institute , giving bri ef ccount of the life chi eve ents of Gener l m a am Tipton , fro which the te chers throughout the County bec e deeply “ ” an d was a we av a D a O interested it decided th t _ h e Tipton y on ctober 25 a am wa s a a , when progr rendered in honor of the gre t Gener l for wa who m our County wa s n am ed . It s also decided th at a hi story should be written e speci ally devoted to the l ife of the Gen eral an d the under m signed wa s selected to write thi s volu e . The history an d bi ography of General Tipton has been fully m m m a written for the first ti e in this volu e , very uch of it never h ving

m a a ff r e - a wa s been in print before . To secur e this teri l di icult se rch m an d a o m a had ade , consider ble corresp ndence with ny people , who som e relic about their hom es a s a rem inder of the deeds of Genera l O l m m a a a an d . a Tipton ld ooks , old p phlets , old g zines , old newsp pers ,

“ old letters were hunted up an d rea d with little bits of inform ation a an d ar e a a m a g thered here there , we en bled to produce volu e pert in ing to Indi ana history an d the life of a m an whom histori ans h ave paid a a a m a a little attention . For gre t de l of thi s teri l the writer is indebted

— m a . an d to . Lieuten nt Governor Th Hugh Miller George Price , of Colu

F a m a a a a a . . bus , B . . L wrence , n ging editor of the Indi n polis St r Hon L a an d m a . n M D n al d m . C . Da . c o , of Ply outh , A Reser Tho s E Burt , of a a a a a a Fayette , the l tter lo ning us sever l of the illustr tions ppe ring in Te ar e S a a thi s edition . “ under peci l oblig tions to Reed Beard , of “ ” a a a a ca m a L f yette , uthor of the B ttl e of Tippe noe , for the use of ps n l L aFa et t e a a m a a d a a s o . . ch rts , to M W Phillips , of y for v lu ble infor ti on heretofore unpublished together with a letter written by Judge

' aa a a wa s a a Is c N ylor , of Cr wfordsville , who in the b ttle of Tippec noe an d wa s on e of the first to arrive a t Pi geon Roost after the m a ssa cre . This letter wa s found qui te recently am ong som e old p apers in the ’ possession of the Judge s d aughter . The object in the publ i c a tion of this work is th at valu abl e historic events in the State of Indi an a m ay be preserved an d ° that deeds per m m a m in or e form ed an d sa crifices ade by Gen . J ohn Tipton y beco e gen a er al ly known . The net proceeds of the s le of this book i s to be entirely devoted to creating a fund toward the erection of a m onum ent to m m m an was a a a m a an In the e ory of the who citizen , st tes n , dian fighter a a and a history m aker . The writer t kes great ple sure in dedicating thi s volum e to the Public Schools an d the Citizens of Tipton County an d hopes th at it m ay encoura ge a greater interest in the earlier history of the State an d create a p atriotic sentim ent for those who did so m uch for Am eric an civilization .

Life o f Ge ne r al ohn T o n J ipt .

am I a . a a The Tipton f ily is of rish line ge J oshu Tipton , the f ther wa s a a m a of the subject of this sketch born in Maryl nd . In e rly nhood he m a as re oved to Sevier County , E st Tennessee , then known the terri of a an w s m d a a a . a tory Fr nklin , there he rried to Je nette Shields Joshu Tipton was an Indi an fighter an d soon becam e a leader in public affairs of Tennessee . There ar e stirring stories of a fu e d between the Tipton fam ily an d . ’ th evier s m wa s am was a e S "for who the County n ed . ) It w ged with ch ara cteristic Southern heat an d the bitter vindictiveness whi ch has m ade each a tra gic elem ent in the history of so m any com m unities in fu e d 1 6 1 798 a the young South . This d en ed on April , , in the de th of a n a a at ha a m a a a J oshu Tipto , pp rently the nds of r uding b nd of i a a a Cherokee Indi ans . But it is unwr tten history th t the ss assin tion

was a a m v e r s . was rr n g ed an d ti ed by the S e i . It under such conditions 4 H e an d a was 1 1 786 . such influences th t John Tipton born , August , ’ w was as seven years of age at the tim e of his father s death . When he twenty - one years of age he m oved with his m other an d fam ily to Indi ’ l e s a he was an a r n . H , settling near B i g y Ferry . in H rrison County ere th am an d a an d as e chief sup p ort of the f il y , b y rep irin g guns working a m w n a is m a a d a s a a m a . H f r h n , he e bled to bu y f r of fifty cres other d d at m 82 ie Sey our in 1 7 . John Tip ton was n ot in the n ew territory long before his q u alities d h an h s a e a . as a leader becam e reco gnize . T const t fe r of o tile Indi ns an d d a horse thieves , counterfeiters river esper does kept the settlers on 1 0 LI F E O F G E N E RAL JO H N T I P T ON . E E E LI F OF G N RAL JOHN TI P TON . 1 1 the alert an d Tipton wa s found to be a m an that could be relied upon as an indefa tigable enem y to Indi ans an d evil doers . I 1 809 a m a m a n June , , the Sheriff of H rrison County for ed co p ny of m r fl m m ounted i e en for a ctive service in Indi an warfares . Of this co “ ” 1 an a so a m a y, The Yellow J ckets , c lled fro the peculi r color of their m am m m m 1 2 1 81 u J a . 1 nifor s , ohn Tipton bec e e ber On Septe ber , , the com p any was m arching on genera l orders of Goe ar r ison to rendez am a wa s m a a vous at V incennes . This c p ign de gainst the hostile Indians on the W ab ash River an d contributes an im portant chapter of h 2 a a m a t war 1 81 . e of This expedition , while pp rently not i p ort nt in t sel f at da a m a m . , lies the foun tion of ighty f ct in our develop ent , for “ ” t he B attle of Tippecanoe led the English to see th at their Indi an an d m allies were not to be relied upon , the y therefore withdrew fro the al li ance an d thus m a de it possible for the United Sta tes to control the

our great Sta tes of the Middle West . a a a During this expedition J ohn Tipton kept d ily journ l , the only m ar ar e a one kept by an y one during th at long ch . The following few m a a extracts fro this di ry , the origin l of which is now on file with the a was Historical Society at Indi anapolis . It will be observed th t Tipton a m an m an d m al l n uneducated , though there is ethod syste in his r ecords thir sda 1 2 of m 1 81 1 y, , Septe ber , when the co m pany dep arted from Corydon to Sun da 24 m s t r a l in m a y, , Nove ber , when the g g re n nt

of the com p any returned . “ An en co m p t of the m arch and Encam p m ent of the r ifl em en of harri son county co m m 47 an de d a . by C pt Spier Spencer , consisted of

m e ff m a m . n besides o icers in Co p ny with R . ” 22 m e heath with n . The journ al gives p articul ars of e a ch day an d the doings of the writer . It appears from the records th at he wa s always rea dy for a am m everything th t c e up . It is written wi th evident odesty , but his a an d a a a a m s a bility d pt bility ssert the elves continu lly . Standing post , a m a a as scouting , hunting lost horses , rep iring guns of his co p ny , cting a n am m an d m a m sp y , hunti g g e for his ess king hi self generally useful , th was m a r m r us he in close touch with his co r des . Here a e a few o e ex 1 2 LI F E OF G E N E R A L J OHN TI P TON .

don at 3 oclock m arched six m iles to governor harrisons m ill an d E n cam p t had our horses in ” posture . “ 2 m a 4 m n n s 1 . rched 3 iles a d o the way wa

' 20 m n n m joined by C apt . Berry with en a d E ca p t ” at a good Spring . 4 m a m n E n m 1 . rched 3 iles a d ca p t at the a m was h lf oon Spring joined by Capt . b a ggs with a troop of horse s an d in the Eveni n g b y C0 1 b artholo m ew wi th 1 20 m el iti a from Cl ark ” County .

It m ust be rem em bered that J ohn Tipton never went to sch ool an d is at al l was ff and d es t o h ability to write . through hi s own e orts his ire m u m n m a a a m beco e a usef l a . Fro his di ry we g ther report of the ove m m a m 1 8 1 81 1 a m a . O ents of the r y n Wednesd y , Nove ber , . the r y r a V m r an d a d e ched incennes , where the troops were uste ed , gener l or ers m 22 v e s s d M . D i a s S an . a issued by Gov . H rri on on epte ber , ajor J H w s was appointed in com m and of al l the dra goons . Tipton a appointed Ensign of the com p any t o which he bel onged an d i t wa s ordered as a detached corps of m ounted volunteers . m m The arm y under the com m and of Gov . Harrison oved fro V m 26 an d O 3 a at a . incennes on Septe ber , on ctober , rrived Terre H u te ’ The events of the next few weeks ar e here given in Tipton s own l an guage :

m t hir s day 3d . arched at 9 fou r of our horses m i ssi n g the m en left to hunt them m arch

ed one m ile Cam e to ta re — hott an oa ld indi an vill age on ea st side of waba s li on hi gh l and near ” a a n l a Large Pr rie Pe ch a d ap e trees growing .

I a had e l m in n thi s vicinity the Indi ns be n ver y troub eso e . kill g m a a l an d a l an d h ny settlers , ste ing horses c tt e driving the w ites into v h d m m m Go . a a h . at Vincennes H rrison pro i sed the fu gitives who e , et ha he m a a a m a a a a Vincennes t t would ke deci sive c p ign g inst the Indi ns . After a few d ays m arch from Terre Haute a h alt was m ade an d the arm y ’ r n ed t e a h wa s am a an d gag in h building of fort , w ich n ed Fort H rrison 28 w s m was co m pleted October . After the fort a co pleted Harrison sent m l a a h the a m i a so e De w re C iefs to Prophet on ssion of pe ce , offering -N LI FE O F G E N E RAL JOH N T I P T O . 1 4 L I F E OF G E N E R A L J OH N TI P TO N .

a t he . t erm s of surrender , but the Prophet tre ted proposition with scorn ’ a m m a Upon receiving this refus al the r y rched toward Prophet s Town . m w s m a an d m a The ar y a co posed of bout nine hundred ten , e br cing an d a om about two hundred fifty regul r troops , si xty volunteers fr Ken b t ucky an d about six hundred Indi ana volunteers . On Octo er 31 t h e a rm y p assed Ra coon Creek an d crossed the Wab a sh River at the present

y n azu m a a . w in site of Mo t , in P rk Count of hich Tipton wrote his journ al

thir sday 3l st we took a north cours u p the e ast of valley an d then cr o s st to the west

' al l a W e s aw with orders to kill the Indi ns . ” fine news .

a a a a m His l ngu ge here indic tes his h tred for the Indi an . Fro the fact th at the Indi ans ha d killed hi s father the young m an was re ady to n al l a a am w s obey a y order to kill Indi ns th t c e within his sight . He a a an d a was a a ever on the lert when Indi n si gns were discovered , he lw ys m a w on the outlook for the . It is s id th at Tipton never sa a good Indi an a bad a an d a w s except a dead Indian . All Indi ns were Indi ns th t it a hi s duty to kill them whenever an opportunity presented itself . He wa s a

sure shot an d when an Indi an cam e in si ght a flint — lock rifle went to his w n n f s h a s a a Of a a d a a . oulder , there cr ck g un Indi n ell to the ground So deadly was his aim th a t when the R ed Man heard th at he was in the n m him vicinity they kept well under cover a d avoided eeting . As the arm y approa ched the hi stori c ground on which the b attle of a wa s a m m an d a s Tippec noe fought his journ l beco es ore interesting , a a m a r a m a thi s is the only uthentic ccount of the rch , kes it of ore th n a m a ordinary value . The following i s t ken fro his journ l for the next several days a the 3r d "N m 1 81 1 a Sund y ove ber , ) m m a . a cloudy day. we oved e r y our Co p n y on r s s m the Right wing toda y . C o t the Bi g ver il l a a m 3 m i on , through Pr ri e si x iles , iles through t m a a i ber , then through wet Pr i ri e wi th groves m 1 8 m am e of ti ber i n i t . After iles C p d i n Ri ch

o m i . gr ve of ti ber in the Pra ri e Capt . Spencer at 1 0 ver y si ck today . oclock toni ght the a id l C am e to "am p an d o r e c a sub altern an d the m en ’ a ad h n 4 n to P r e a t t e Gover or s tent . at i the OF E E T P I’ ‘ N LI FE G N RAL JOHN I O . 1 6

MA ’ J. GEN. WELLS RIFLEMEN } GU IGER {5515 R0 88

S W A M P

IL Zees e Chi.

I P N O T PPE N O E C MP E V E N N G F N O E M E L F C O V B R 6 1 8 1 . A I A A . I , E 1 6 LI F E O F G E N RAL JOHN T I P T ON .

m wa s m m orning I ordered out . y Co pany m aid “ u up . a g n fired while I am writing at eleven

oclock . “ a 4 h e Mond y the t . I w nt out with m y n . a . 1 8 m s scout J oi ed by C pt Prince , went ile m a a . a r a through Pr irie C e to Pine C eek , fine

a a . Da L rge Creek , then turned b ck the y being

an d NVin d . a 1 1 could , Cloudy y Beg n to rain at

. m a a m oclock we stoped to ke fire , But the r e y

’ m n W r s st Ca e a d we ha d to leve it . e c o Pine m an a d . u n 8 Creek d C p two g fired at . it Con h t in ewd Raing a t intervales . I a d one quart of whi sky yesterd ay an d one tod a y of the Con

tractor . “

a 5 . a ay m tuesd y the Cloud y d . we ooved

a n an an d 5 m en . E a rley . Li eute t sent to scout m m 6 Ca e to the a r ey . no Sine S eed We went m t m b a o iles hrough ti er then Pr i ri e , with gr ves m m an of tim ber an d a nu ber of s all l akes in it . was 1 m en al arm m aid . I Sent out with 7 to

. w l f . a an d a o Scout . Seed nothin g Deer Killed air d a m al l a 1 8 C S . a in the line . p on Br nch fter m u a d a iles . the g ns fired l st ni ght wounde

horse . “ - l VV e dn e s dav 6 . A a y Co d da the v r y, we

u . m m oved E a rle y . Sco t Sent out the y ca e d a m a s had s . a b ack . eed in i n Sine we rched 2 a u an d usuel till 1 . Our Spi es C ught fo r horses m a s a n a Seed s o e indi n . found we w re e r the ’

a . Celebra ted Prophet s town . Stopt in Prairie the foot t hr o wd al l their n ap sacks in the

i n d a . wa ggons . we found or er for A B ttle

for m of B t ~ m arched 2 miles . then d the line a m a in m tle . we rched five lines on the extre e ' W a Ri ght . ent into Corn Field , then up to the m s n . e t u above town a d Surrounded it the . ’ I Ie a a u s d for Pe ce . the s i d the would give “ S s m al l m a a t i fac in the orning . the ti e we w re h the r e t he kept hollowing . t i s town is on the

LI F E OF G E N E RAL JOH N TI P TON .

IN DIAN A E E N E JO N N LI F OF G RAL H TI P TO . 1 9

. m Kill no corn for our horses y horse d . I got ' m em ahon s 3 to ride . 7 of them had been Kil ld

an d I I ha wounded Lost . d one qu art of whis "ky ) ” a l st night . “ fri day the 8th . a Cloudy day an d L ast was a an ll ni ght lso wet d cold . we Lay a night at a our Bre st work without fire . in the m orn

’ ing Spies Sen t out found the indi ans had left m wa s l l thei r town . the horse en a sent to burn t n n their town . o wet went a n fou d grail; deal of an d m a a t h e . Corn . so e De d indi ns in houses ad 6 a an d Bu wha Lo ed w ggons wi th Corn , rnt t m at a t 2 m n Esti ed thous and Bu shels . 9 of our e ” a Died l st night . a a a m m a The Indi ans not returning fter the b ttle , the r y oved tow rd o a wa s Vincennes . Tipt n continued to keep hi s di ry , but there nothing o f an un usu al ch aracter occurred upon the return trip . After the dis at charge o f the volunteer soldiers Vincennes , the following entry is m ade in the journ al n a N ov 24th a d an d ai Su d y , Clou y R ny m m r don m a . t o Cor orning , we ooved E rly Co e y l B a a m a t ha f a 1 0 . p st took re kf st , ooved up to r m Coon o ds an d m an . a , found y Li eut sick St id 2 ha d m y m hours horses fed , got so e whisky , m et m y m a a an d a t one of neighbors , ooved g in 1 0 ocl ock got s a fe Hom e after a Cam pain of 74

days . "signed ) John Tipton . . Following this is a foot note which com pletes the journal for thi s cam p ai g n an d cl o s es the in ci dents of the war with the Indi an s an d t he “ b attle of Tippecanoe this Day Book Kept During the Cam p ain

the a 1 81 1 - Cell en c in Ye r . wherein his Ex y Gov cruor Harrison wa s Com m ander in Chief an d C l Of t he 4th a B o J : B . Bo y d United St tes ei ge m n w s n m m y e t a Seco d in Co and . Ever thin g herein stated t he Subscriber holds his sel f R e a dy to m ake ap p ear to Bee F a ct from the best inform a ti on Coul d Bee a s it wa s duly Kept ” b h s y i self . “ m in his a al n S h in t . y a d Oli ver H S ith book , E rl Tri s ketc es . wri F E E J- H N P 20 LI F E O G N RAL O TI TON .

in t he bat t l e a an d a m g of of Tippec noe the chi eve ents of J ohn Tipton , ha s the following to say “ w - I a s . A d ark night cam e on . t prob abl e th at t he Pro phe t wou ld a at al l m en l a on a m the f at strike th t ni ght , i f , the y their r s , o ficers thei r ‘ ’

m m a " fl . s t r espective co and . H rk the sound of ri es The en inels were a a wa s m a ove r ca s t an d t either shot or driven in , the tt ck de the wes h t m b n k s a t he a s . T e m m a a of the high l nds , bordering pr irie o en the al r w s n h m ffi was a a d t e d. given , every soldier on his feet ounte o cers in

' the s t his . a r an o a their sa ddles . Gen H rrison to p where he left gr y a O b a he m u l eavm r ay m are . Finding M jor wens y horse o nted , g the g G n a a for the Major if he could find her . The e er l d shed down to where ’ s h a . en c t at t e he heard the firing , rode up to C pt Sp er posi ion point of u a ai r e m e t wh t he m ha d a high gro nd round which the pr i s , ere ene y " — f r m a the a a a t . e b a de first, tt ck de dly in e fec Ther stood the e Ensign , m en m l an d a few a . a J ohn Tipton , of the surviving of the co p ny In oud n a a voi ce Ge . H rrison c lled out “ ’ W Vher e is the Captain of this co m pany ? ‘ ”

a a . To which J ohn Tipton nswered , De d , Si r “ ‘ ’ Where i s the First Lieutenant ? ’

a . is de d , Si r ” Wh ere i s the Second Li euten an t ? d ’ H e is dea . Where i s the Ensign ? ’ m a a . I here , nswered Tipton ta a m a an a an d wil l S nd f st , y br ve fellow , st d f st , I get relief for y ou i n a few General Harri son always spoke of En s i gn Tipton a s the coolest an d ff h m m an bravest o icer e had in hi s co and . St ding there with sword d r a a m n d a at a an d wn , f cing the onco i g In i ns , looking de th seeing his c m a a al l a him he n am o r des f lling bout , held the posi tion u til relief c e 1 n d s w s da a a . the Indi an were driven b a ck . The y s ved The great ’ e m n T cu seh federation ha d failed - a d the great Prophet s heart was w s . a a a a an n broken It Tipton th t stood between s v gery d civiliz atio . I t wa s he that m ade i t possibl e that the power of the Indi an was an d the a a an a a an d W broken gre t st tes of Indi , Illinoi s , Michi g n i scon sin freed O f hostile In di an s an d brou ght under the do m in a tion of Anglo m Saxon govern ent . The Briti sh govern m ent bowed to the i nevit able an d w m h I withdre its su p p ort fro t e n di an s . T he Prophet Tecum seh went t o Detroit whe r e he s e ve r ed his r e l ati o n s wi th the B r i ti sh govern m ent ' ‘ N LI F E O F G E N E RA L J O H N T I P I O .

ND N “JAR D N I IA A C E .

F F I F P io n e e r s a n d S co u t s u b l ishe d b W . H . [ r o m a in n s r o n t ie r s m e n . ; p y o Jr P u l i l is n i n C O C hica o h a r r is n , . , g g i 22 LI F E O F G E N E RAL JOHN TI P TON .

n a a a an a an d a d went to C n d , where he li ved the life of exile , h ted an d an d a m a a a an d d espi sed by both whites reds , died i ser ble de th lone

un attended . In 1 839 the bones of the soldiers that fell in the b attle of Tippe a had a an d c noe , which been di sinterred by the Indi ns for revenge rob

a an d a a . a bery , were g thered together buri ed g in The b ttle grounds b at a w a . as purch sed by Gen Tipton , the deed eing recorded Cr wfords

' A a a a a a a . ville . fter holding it few ye rs he don ted it to the St te of Indi n The Legisl ature had p a ssed an act com m anding the Governor to n i t n a a a a e . T o negoti te with G p for the purch se of the b ttle ground l nd , , a a consisting of about thirteen a cres . On nother p ge we reproduce an

. a ki im autograph letter written by Gov Noble to Gen . Tipton s ng h to ’ s ell the land to the st ate an d 0 11 anot her pa ge appea rs Tipton s reply f n a a . in his own h nd writing , of ering to do te the ground The convey ’ a ance of the gift is recorded in the Recorder s office at L Fay e t t e . The a a was m a m 7 1 836 records show th t the tr nsfer de on Nove ber , , the

- fif m w n twenty th anniversa ry of the fa ous b attle . The record as lost a d

' a a h wa s a “ a . for sever l ye rs t ere dispute over the ti tle . Alv O Reser , of L aFa et t e am bat t l e an y , bec e interested in the hi story of the d while preparing an address to be delivere d before the B attle Ground Ch au tanqu a he went to Logansport an d by the a ssist ance of a gran d - d aughter

. n a a of Gen Tipto , found the origin l letters ne tly ti ed in a bundle an d

k an l d — m s ept in o trunk owned by her grand father . A ong the e p apers w m a l ere docu ents th t quieted the ti t e to the b attle grounds . On a 4 1 837 a a a n a a t a Febru ry , , ye r fter the do tion of the b tl e grounds , r esoluti on wa s p a ssed by the Legisl ature instru cting the Governor to offer a suitable prem ium for a design for a m onum ent to be erected on

a d d n the a h the a m am the b ttlefiel , ple gi g f it of st te to co plete the s e . hi m y a a o s t il l T s pro i se , pledged seventy e rs g , i s unfulfilled . l 3 7 . ffi in 1 8 an d a a Gov Nob e went out of o ce fter the de th of Gen . in 1 839 w s n v a . E n Ti pton , the project forgotte e the ground was not t a a a am ove r the a a ken c re of . c ttle ro ed buri l pl ces of the heroic dead an d ha m d m l a . a thei r llowed oun s were tr p ed up on The hi storic o ks , h m a the d m a a s owin g bullet rk s of rifles were cut own in n y inst nces , l all a t the m n the al Con ven t ion f 1 8 0 unti , fin y eeti g of Consti tuti on o 5 , o n S at u r da m h a m m the n ven when y. Dece ber J o n Pettit . e ber of Co ' m an l y d u a n ti on fro Tippec oe ount , intro ced resoluti on to i corporate a e in h l 4 0 t e a . a 1 e ti on the Consti tuti on of St te rti c e , section . whi ch re a ds “ a s foll ows : It shal l be t he dut y of the Gen e r a l A s sem bl y t o provi de LI F E OF G E N E RAL JOHN TI P TON . 23 for the perm anent enclosure an d preservation of the Tippecanoe B a ttl e ” field .

1 873 - a a a wa s an a a In , sixty two ye rs fter the b ttle fought , ppropri t ion of was m ade by the legisl ature to enclose the ground with an an d a iron fence to otherwi se provide for the c re of the grounds . Only of the am ount wa s expended an d reverted to the 1 83 an a St at e T r easu r y. In 7 ppropri ation of wa s m ade for pain t

' n I n g the fence a d other work . There is now in force a perm anent a a a 300 a a a a ppropri tion c lling for $ ye r to t ke c re of the grounds , to be e m m a a l xpended by the County Co issioners , trust which i s f ithful y m m a . a . . a m c rried out Congress n E D Cru p cker , fro the Tenth District , introduced a bill in Congress a sking for an appropri ation of for the purpose of erecting a m onum ent to the m em ory of those whose r an a a a bones a e buried on this hi storic b attlefield . By e rnest ppe l he succeeded in’ getting the l a st session of Congress to m ake the appropri a

“ t n an d a a a wa s a a io now , ne rly centur y since the b ttle fought , suit ble m m onu ent is to be erected . The b attle ground is now the property of the state an d surround a in g it is a high iron fence . It is a be uti ful grove of n ative forest trees an d a a m a a a n thous nds of people sse ble ne r by every ye r , tte ding the m w b attle ground ca p m eetings . The writer of this book as there a little over a year ago with severa l hundred newsp aper publ i shers fro m nearl y l m a a l . a every St ate in the Union . Ne rly of the knew of Gen H rrison

h . an d a a ad a . of the gre t b ttle , but very few ever he rd of Gen Tipton m VVOO m a a D r n a . d a . eH a t a d C pt Willi R de short ddresses , in which a l the a they told of the b tt e , pointing out positions of the Indi ns , the pl ace of att ack an d the spot where n early two hundred Am erican citi zen soldi ers fell for the a dvance of civili z ation . ’ l sh am a s an The b attle of Tippecanoe estab i ed C apt . Tipton s f e Indi an fighter an d he was regarded as a leader to be depended upon in those t r ou bl eou s ti m es when the Indi an wa s a con tinuous m enace to the constantly en cro a ching settlers . The Indi ans were m ore or l ess troubl esom e during the years 1 81 1 8 2 m l an d a m m en an d 1 1 . h a T ey would sse b e inv de settle ents , killing , m O a a an . a wo en d children n one occ si on , in Scott Count y , b nd of h m S awn ee Indi ans m ade a raid on a settle ent on Pigeon Roost Creek , w s m a l n an d n l . a a a d killed ever y sett er It one of the ost trocious , st rt i g n a cruel m a s s a cres ever chron icl ed in the an n al s of Indi a . d a m an m fm a e m 3 1 81 2 . a an a On Septe ber , , J P y ne n ed Cof n w re out

LI F E OF G E NERAL JOH N TI P TON . ' E O L I F F G E N E R AL JOH N TI P TO N . 27

’ a G n Transl ti on of e . J ohn Tipton s letter in answer to th a t of Governor Noble requesting term s upon whi ch t he Tipp ecanoe B attle Grounds could be purch ased . See copy of original letter on Opposi te p age .

a of aba sh t h 1 834 F lls the I V 7 of Nov . . E x His cy N . Noble

I have the honor to a cknowledge the receipt of your favor of the first of thi s m onth in fO1 m in g m e ? th a t by a resolution of the l a st legisl ature i t was m ade the duty of the Governor to a scertain upon wh at te r m s I would surrender to the state the g1 ou n d upon which wa s m m a a a an d fought the e or ble B ttle of Tippec noe , in repl y I h ave to inform you th a t in purch a sing the b attle ground I was actu ated by no other m otive th an th at of possessing it in order to preserve the bones of m y com p ani ons in arm s who an d a a m e a fell there , th t i t will fford gre t plea sure to convey the bat t l e ground to the State a a f al l a of Indi n , free o ch rge , whenever it i s si gui fied to ‘ m e th a t the State wishes i t so conve y ed for th at purpose .

"Signed J ohn Tipton . ) 2S LI F E O F G E NERAL JOHN TI P TON .

“ be e hunting i n the woods an d were surprised an d killed by a band of A am da a I a twelve Indi ans . bout sunset , on the s e y, this p rty of ndi ns an d a attacked the Pigeon Roost Settlem ent , in the sp ce of one hour ,

m an m an d . m killed one , five wo en sixteen children The bodi es of so e B u t m a were burned in the fires which consum ed the cabins . one wo n l l with three sm all children escaped the awful m ass a cre . She walked a at m a a m a a night an d arrived the ho e of neighbor , sever l iles w y , the a m an w m next m orning . The Indi ns followed her , but the ith who she was a m an d 1 n dr iv took refuge prep red for the , with hi s rifle , succeeded A m a m a was a an d in g them away . co p ny of Ho e Gu rds org nized the a had far a a t a country scoured for Indi ns , but they gone so w y h t the was an d foi a m chase wa s ab andoned . Gen . Tipton notified sever l onths f he aw aited the or d ei to go to the re s cue O the S ettlem ent s . The m a ss a cre of Pigeon Roost i s of such hi storical im port ance th at a few yeai s ago the Legisl ature m ade an appropri ati on fo i the purpose of r p i e s er vin g the ground where it o ccu i ed . A well built fence surrounds the scene of the m a s sa cre an d appropri ate i nscriptions m ark the graves of those who were ki lled . ’ find n a 1 81 2 an a an We in Tipton s jour l of , ccount of expedition m a d a v e to Driftwood Ford , of White River , where the Indi ns were gi ing

m 30th da e n \ o the farm ers uch troubl e . On the y of June th y se t a call t G m n R c a d d ed Me a a . 5 en . Tipton to o e ri ve the n w y On July he started m n m n e n a a . da wi th ni e , five ore followi g in few d ys The next y they arrived at Fort Ple a s ant an d on the evening of the s am e day they cam e

u da . he pon Fort Defi ance . The next y t y divided their forces an d s the a ha d r coured country , but the Indi ns hea d th at Capt . Tipton was a m an d ha a was fter the , knowing w t kind of Red Skin hunter he , they l a a an d a n sto e w y never returned a g i . Thi s expedition l a sted in the nei ghborhood of twenty d ays . a a wa s The following ye r C pt . Tipton prom oted to the ran k of Ma jor m d wa s l a at al a a n he oc ted Fort V l oni , ne r where I di ans were com m it t

in m a a - g ny depred ti ons . Tipton had under his com m and twenty nine m en an d n , on one of hi s scouti g expeditions he m et a p arty of Indi ans on an an I Vhit e isl d in river . He en ga ged them in b attle an d pressed the a tt a ck with such ene r gy th a t the ene m y fell b ack an d were soon running fo r h , h g an d l a a a m t eir lives throwin g t eir uns b nkets w y, ju pin g into the an d im m the river sw in g to other shore . Several Indi ans were kill ed an d wounded an d a. few m ore were drown ed in attem pting to swi m

a i l . th e . n o m en il W cross r ver Tipton ost k led or ounded . E LI F OF GEN E RAL J OHN TI P TO N . 29

Tipton wa s a discipl ina ri an . He enforced order and obedience an d was l an m m a not s ow to punish y one who would di sobey hi s co nd . Dur ing this engagem ent on the i sl and he ordered th at there m ust be no n b m t a lking a d tha t a solute silence ust preva il . While creeping up onto

a a a a . him the Indi ns , gre t bi g fellow kept t lking Tipton went up to ,

’ took his gun from him an d tied him to a tree am ong the t all horse m an d m m weeds . He could not ove bullets fro the ene ies guns whi zzed a him hi m i n a a an d wa s a m ne r , keeping const nt fe r he gl d to pro ise to “ ” d an d an d be still . Tipton loosene the strings he went to the front “ a is da a s fought like a hero . This b ttle known to this y the B attl e of ’ ” Tipton s Isl and . In the ea rly p art of 1 81 3 Indi ans were still troubleso m e toward the

m h - an d wa s . north , Tipton sent to subdue the In April , wit thirty one m en an a m wa s a m en , eng ge ent hhd wi th the Indi ns in which two were a an d a m a killed , however , the Indi ns were severely puni shed beg n to ke

. s n d 0 11 a a a . a a a r pid retre t Then Gen Tipton pu hed forw rd , S lt River , a n n wa s an d wa s m now in Brown County , ru ni g fight kept up there ore

d a . a or less shooting every y However , the Indi ns were severely pun m m m ll ishe d an d by the iddle of the su er a signs of trouble di s appeared . It was in this year th a t peace was decl ared with Great Bri tain an d no m ore trouble wa s apprehended an d the people went to work to

a m a an d a . m a e develop f r s , build ro ds loc te towns E igr nts flock d into the country an d it wa s but a few years until al l the wild Indi an wa ste was a an d y a al l brought under cultiv ti on , evidences of prosperit prev iled in the d a a a wa s Southern Indi an a . At ecl r ti on of pe ce Tipton prom oted to t he a a - a y an d r nk of Brig dier Gener l b Presi dent Monroe , he returned to his m at ha d a a wa r ho e Corydon , whi ch city , during his ye rs of Indi n a m a Of a a a y f re , beco e the se t the Terri tori l C pi t l , i t previousl bein g l ocated at Vincennes . 1 81 6 d a a am a a the n y r In In i n bec e st te , ineteenth territor to ente A the a the Union . t first electi on held in H rri son Count y J ohn Ti p ton

w r — l was el ected Sheri ff an d he a s e elected . In the State election he d in A 1 81 9 he wa s a a a a ugust , , elected Represent ti ve to the St te Le g i sl ture .

- . 1 1 820 an d f a a r e . a a y 1 to thi s o fice lso received election On J nu r , , the a a m m n Governor ppointed Co i ssion , co si sting of Tipton , George Hunt , n n h G a d a m J oh Co ner . J o n i ll il n , Stephen Ludlow , J oseph B rtholo ew , ' W m P m a m m . am a a an d J esse E Durh , Frederi ck R pp , i lli rince Tho s E er

an d a a n ew a a a . son , to select loc te si te for the c pi t l for the St te Vin cen n e s s y a n a11 - al a a n , Cor don , M diso , Terre H te , V loni , Str wtown , I di L I F E O F G E N E RAL JO H N TI P TON .

' ‘ GO V E R NO R N OAI I NO BLE . OF G P LI FE ENERAL JOH N TI TON . 3 1

an d other towns were petitioners for the capita l an d the com r l l m s i a . m an d m vis ted of the The erits de erits , the advantages an t a es al l a l a A g of sites were c reful y investig ted . fter a con im e m m m et at , the Co i ssion Indi anapolis to determ ine the bids had narrowed down b etween Strawtown an d Indi a th a a a a strong inclin tion tow rd Str wtown , due to the efforts an a Conner , then influenti l citizen . General Tipton was

a a an d a an d a Indi n pol is to he d off further discussion del y , a m a a a m a oti on th t Indi n poli s be de the site of the new capit al . cit em en t a m l a prev iled in this eeting , which took p ce in the

McCor m ick a - a a . a John , the gr nd f ther of Nichol s S M rtz , of wa s a an d a a When the vote c st counted , Indi n polis was selected m e argin . 821 was a a m m Tipton ppointed Co issioner by the Legisl ature , k e m m m i a Co issioner fro Illino s , to loc te the boundary line be an m a But for error de by the surveyor , who m a a a true eridi n , the gre t city of Chic go , would ,

a a a a . of Indi n inste d of in the St te of Illinois . Gen e tim e that the territory com prising Cook Count y ’ ad a a had a to Indi n , but the surveyor s notes stronger influence ’ i n s a m an d a was a a . p t o rgu ent , Chic go lost to Indi n LS during this period of the hi story of the Sta te of Indiana th at l l ve im provem ents were in augurated a over the United States . t nation al ro ad wa s being built through Indi ana fro m B alti m ore n a a l a i ouis . Duri g this session of the Legisl ture pub ic highw y v m a a i ce i ed a hundred feet wide , running fro L ke Michig n to the

’ t ook r eat m m iver . Gen . Tipton g interest in these i prove ents was one of a Com m ittee to negoti ate with the Indi ans for a strip a In d through thei r reservations for the ro d . Evidences of thi s i r in the ik n g a e still existence , for in every town through wh ich

I ss ed ar e . a , the streets one hundred feet wide This ccounts for at width of the m ain street in Rochester an d other towns along A m a a a Michigan Ro ad . t this ti e c n ls were lso being constructed oton wa s one of the prom inent m en who pl ann ed an d had sur m m d an a , m a a a a a an . nu ber of c n l routes , ong the the W b sh Erie C l

- m White I Vat er Canal near Rich ond . 8 wa s a a by 1 23 Gen . Tipton ppointed Indi n Agent President m am wa s a a t 1 for the Pottaw ato i e an d Mi i Indi ans . He loc ted a n an d m a m l h h wa s at y e , de hi s ho e in the old b ock ouse , w ere he E 32 LI F E OF G NERAL JOHN TI P TON .

was al l tim es s afe from atta cks by the Indi ans . It here th at ’ Allen County wa s organi zed an d at Gen . Tipton s suggestion the County m l s n m e in . a A wa s wa a d honor of Col J es l en , of Kentucky , who killed m a wa s m at the Indi an a ss acre at the River R i sen . While he perfor ing a s a A a him hi s duties Indi n gent the Presi dent ppointed , together with n R a a a a d . a Gen . Lewis C ss , of Detroit , Governor J ohn B y, to negoti te a } treaty with the two tribes over whi ch the General wa s a gent . A tre t was m a at a a t 1 6 1 826 at de P r dise Springs , on Oc ober , , the junction of Mis sis sin i wa an d a a R a all the W b sh ivers , by which the Indi ns ceded

- m iii the north west p art of Indi an a to the govern ent . This cession a a r cluded p rt of Tipton Count y , the reserve l ine unning through the n wa s m a m a m . A a a who town of Tipto fter the tre ty de ny of the Mi is , i an d am l ved on the border , therefore were not present , bec e restl ess

‘ n a m a an d a d diss atisfied . They di d not underst nd the ter s of the tre ty m l l m a . a K a a thre tened trouble D vid Foster , of oko o , did he could to ke them underst and th at the treaty wa s a fair one an d th a t they should o n a m a a wa a be y it a d join in the gre t re ov l th t s soon to t ke pl a ce . But

‘ they were stubborn an d sullen . They could not give up their old hunt h had an d a a ing grounds . T ey been so often deceived di s ppointed th t m they thought th at this eant their final extincti on . The traditions of a long ancestry appealed to them an d they were very bitter toward the G m an a a overn ent d the Big Chiefs th t consented to the tre ty . To give m a a n a a the better underst nding of the ture of the tre ty , upon the sug w a a s a a a . m an d gesti on of D vid Foster , it rr nged th t Gen Tipton co e m th h a da wa s an a expl ain to the e conditions of t e tr e ty . A y set d a gre t h r b u a m l a a c e pl anned . Hundreds of Indi ans sse b ed an d a big dinner was

. m a a an d Of a da served Wild e ts , corn bre d other luxuries th t y were a n an a spre d upon the ground a d Gen . Ti p ton d few other white guests s at an d at e . . a m with the Red Men Gen Tipton then spoke to the sse bl y . He succeeded in m aking the term s of the treat y pl ain an d the y were a an d da am m s tisfied . when the y c e for the to go to the far west the y i l m m a . qu et y sub i tted , not , however , without n y regrets M any te ars an d m a h an d a an were shed or e th n once t ey turned looked b ck , d with “ ad a a a Ol d m bowed he s b de f rewell , f rewell , , old , ho e . ' M an y years a go the wr it e r had frequent t alks wi th D avid Foster a the a m n an s bout e rly settl e e t of thi s count y . d a nearly as we can deter m ine the pl a ce where the b a rba cue wa s. hel d is in the field about a h al f m an d n n e ar the o l d a ca n a ile north west of Tipto , M rtz nni g f ctor y .

hi a a y a ll the d an a d a a T s pr cti c ll ended In i w rs in In i n , except i n

E E E N LI F OF G N RAL JOHN TI P TO . 35

a a m m m In nswer to their rgu ent , Chief Meno inee a de the foll owing speech 9 s " ? H Your Pr e sidgzn é he EIO S not know the

truth . He does not know Meno m inee did not a a a sign the l nd w y . He does not know Men om ’ in e e s people want to be peaceable an d do n o t a m an w nt the whi skey of the white . He does not know the Young Chiefs were drunk an d a a fool i sh when they signed the l nd way . Your a m an an Chief , the President , is good , d if he could know the truth he would not take

’ Men on r in e e a a m m a w y fro his ho e , ti ed like

dog . He has not heard the counsel of the wise ”

. has a Chiefs He he rd only the young Chiefs . With th at he sat down an d the silence th a t followed was o pp r e “ ” a a a a sive . Fin lly , he rose , p ssed the pipe of pe ce to General Tipton an d o m a a m 11 c unseled the tribe to obey the nd tes of the white an . 0 m 4 1 838 a T a far 85 men Septe ber , , Gener l ipton st rted to the west with 9 , m n a i wo en a d children . Before le ving the tr be went to the graves of

a a . A m an their f thers where they w iled piteously n ol d French wo .

— t wo a was a a m m seventy ye rs old , their only friend th t g ve the co fort

an d a . m a m an d consol tion Her sy p thies reconcil ed the in her presence , " t an d m a a l hey kissed the cross de re dy for the ong journey . The m the an d m m a wo en , children , old infir were put in bi g Govern ent w gons l w an d a wa s m a fi e . as a s ad an d the st rt de , single It sorrowful si ght . l w s a e s . a a a ike funeral proc s i on Not word spoken , e ch being sull en . a an h a the way 1 56 an d d . O crestf llen e rtbroken n died of chill s , fevers m m al ari al dise a ses . A few years l ater Meno inee di ed of a broken w s h m . a i heart Thi s t e l a st of the Pott awato i es n Indi ana . h the sad d the a an d a a T is i s si e of Indi n story it cre tes feeling, a a al l the ia was not m l am a a y th t fter , Ind n so uch to b e for hi s s v ger , m a an d n a m him when his ho e , his l nd his hunti g ground were t ken fro , m m so etim es honestly an d som eti es di shonestl y . At the session of the

l a u in 1 0 - i D n al d m 9 H on . a Mc o Legis t re , 7 , D n el , of Pl y outh , succeeded in ' e t t in a a a a 2 500 Of g g bill p ssed , p p ropri ting $ for the purpose restor in g the old Mi ssi on Church an d the erecti on of a m onum ent - to the

m m Of d ol d a m . e ory the g oo pious Indi n Chief , Meno inee al l a a Gen er al wa s m in al l In the Indi n w rs . Ti p ton fore ost contests ,

‘ a a n d whil e he had a. bi tter hatred for the In di an an d wa s re ad y to t ke ’ 36 LI F E OF G E N E RAL JOHN TI P TON .

m n m a a m a a m a . a r s a y ti e g inst the , he lw ys fought the f i r He never I a wa s an a m killed an ndian bec use he Indi n , but he fought the in a cause that dem anded the possessi on of a country for a civilized an d m a a a m progressive ra ce . His re ov l of the Pott w to ies is the only evi wa s a an d dence of cruelty , however , he cting under orders the suffer wa s ings of the deported tribe were un avoid able . It the only sea son of the ye ar th a t they could be rem oved with as little exposure as possible an d a a t a had m a a , perh ps , they f red better h n they would the re ov l t ken a pl a ce ea rlier or later in the se son .

' In the spring of 1 828 General Tipton m oved the Indi an agency “ ” m a a fro Fort W yne to the Mouth of Eel River , ne r the junction with l th e Va abash a had . , where the town of Log nsport just been surveyed The “town ha d not been n am ed an d Tipton suggested - that it bear the “ ” n m m w a . a e of Mouth of Eel River Other n es ere su ggested , one of m ea a a who had the being in honor of the gr t Indi n Chi ef Log n , been ’ friendly to the whites throughout all the Indi an wa rs . To arbitrate the

“ m a w s h n 1 s t a tter it a decided t at Tipt on a d C0 . Duret hould shoot a m a an d m ea s was rk , the one co ing n re t to i t , four shots out of seven , to m m m ha . a a ve the honor Duret won by co ing ne rest the rk four ti es , “ ” w s m f w a a a a . a s therefore the town n ed Log n The su fix , port , fter “ ” f m a a a a . w rd fixed , king it Log nsport 26 1 8 1 m a a a a 3 Ge . a On Febru r y , , n J es Noble , Uni ted St tes Sen tor ’ m a a I V a sh n on a m wa s i t . fro Indi n , died in g Tipton s n e vigorously

a a a a . R ay a . dvoc ted to fill the v c ncy , but Gov ppointed Hon Robert a a m a H nn , who served until the eeting of the next Legisl ture , when wa s a a Tipton elected in spite of the efforts to elect H nn . At the next

' sessi on Tipton wa s elected Senator to s erve a full t er m of six years . I Vhil e in the Senate he becam e a fa st friend of President Andrew J ack

’ s on an d m a on e a wa s a t , upon ore th n occ sion , he the President s guest the m a e . e Her i t ge , in Tennesse Thi s fri ndship continued until the ques a tion of the renewal of the ch arter of the United St tes B ank . Tipton wa s a r e — a a in f vor of the ch rtering of the b nks , while the President bit

t er l . a a a y opposed i t Tipton rgued h rd , for he believed th t the renewal of the ch arter would be of great a dvanta ge to th e new St ates in the w bil l d . a he est The p sse , but when i t went to the President , vetoed it , t hus en di n g on e of the bi tterest con tests in Congress on fin anci al questions .

T he Presiden t. of the Senate appointed Tipton Ch airm an of the m t d a A ffa an d wa s he n l m Co m it ee of In i n i rs it a d O i ver H . S i th who I F E O F E — N ‘ L G N E RAL JO I I T I P TO N .

a a a a am a v procured the p ss ge of bill to purch se the Mi i Indi n Reser e , m aking it possible for Tipton County t o be organized an d becom e a p art m of the great State of Indi an a . In a volu e of biographi ca l sketch es of ta a am a a United S tes Sen tors ong the rchives now in W shington ,

' a a the : ‘ John T i t o n k ha s ppe rs following p , the subject of thi s s etch , b ’ m e en noticed a s the Ensign hero of Capt . Spencer s co p any at the ba t

a . m m a tle of Tippec noe He i s of ediu hei ght , well set , short f ce , round a a a n a he d . low wrinkled forehe d , sunken gr y eyes , ster counten nce , good m a a a a . chest , stiff s ndy h ir , st nding erect fro hi s forehe d He i s the a m a Com m it t ee of a A a a m Ch ir n of the Indi n ff irs , position he i s e inently a a m an v a a an d qu lified for , h ving been for ye rs Indi n Agent well m m a cquainted with ost of the western tribes . He i s a an of great an d a a a m a na a a a energy ch r cter , i s ost f ithful Se tor , lw ys in hi s se t l a . a a an a re dy to vote He is not wh t i s c lled e oquent deb ter , still he i s s a a n m pl ain an d strong as a speaker . He ees question cle rly a d arches directly at it without rhetori cal After his reti rem ent fro m the Uni ted Sta tes Sen ate Ti pton refused a

- r e had a an d o an d ha d a. election , hi s life been busy strenu us one , he de a a n t sire to return to private life . He bel ieved in Indi n soil a d a different m a a s a m A a s ti es owned l nd in H rri on , B rtholo ew , llen , Huntington , C s

b r r s in t . u o the an d a . Tippec noe Counties He , joi n ly wi th Col D ret , hi s r l aw a a a a an d W abash t he , entered l rge tr ct of l nd between Eel Rivers , a present si te of the City of Logansport . He bec m e deeply i nterested in a al a a an d a educ tion ff i rs don ted ground for school purposes , the effect s a till bei ng felt in th at t hrivin g Cit y . He don ted property to the order of Free Ma sons an d to churches an d other publi c institutions . In addi t ion to these gifts he wa s l iberal in al l the towns in which he was in r a h the a a wa s t e e st ed . He don ted ground on w i ch b ttle of Tip pec noe F m t o a . a t a ought the st te He don ted thi r y cres of ground to Colu bus , a l P r t the County Seat of B artholo m ew County . He g ve free y to o d am a \Va an a . a yne , Huntington d Lo g nsport He built cross Eel Ri ve at a ‘ l a n d m a m an t Log nsport , wh i ch is stil in exi stence , de y o her gi fts for bene vol ent an d educa ti onal purposes .

General Tip ton wa s al so pro m inen t in the Ma sonic order in Indi ana .

' In 1 81 7 he recei ved the M aster l\l a. s o n s d egree at Cor y don an d the next a he wa s a a t he G a a a y 1 2 ye r Represent ti ve to r nd Lodge , held J nu r , ‘ T w s n “a r m an 1 81 8 at a . a , M di son He elected Se i or rden , being the fi st 1 8 1 9 wa s l a d i n the State to hol d th at o ffice . In he e ected Deput y Gr n

U s-n n d 1 890 was G an a at ff s o n . Ma ster a in elected r d M ster , J e er ville p E E 39 LI F E OF G N RAL JOHN TI P TO N .

' hi s r em o val t o Fort VVayn e- h e proceeded to organize a lodge of Ma sons m t t m a . h here , the first eeting being held in hi s roo the fort W en the

- s a was a was lodge wa org nized he elected its first Senior W rden . He m a a a w m et again ade Represent tive to the gr nd lodge , hich at Indi w n a m l anapolis an d a s aga i elected Grand M ster . Upon hi s re ova t o a 1 828 m m a a a a an d Log nsport , in , he i edi tely org ni zed lodge of M sons wa s am 3 w 3 . a a s in . A hi s honor , the lodge n ed Tipton lodge, No g in he

. wa s a a Representa tive t o the Grand Lodge . He lso a Royal Arch t 82 a a a a 1 7 . M son , h ving t ken the degree Louisville in w m a a s a . wa s Gener l Tipton twice rried His first wi fe his cousin , d a am am Miss Jennie Shiel s , d ughter of J ohn Shields , who bec e f ous in was m t he an d a . Lewis Cl rk Expedi tion She the other of two sons , one

‘ m a hein S ier . a a a an d a g p S Tipton , who bec e gr du te of West Point ,

“ a a a n a war an d C pt in of Dr goo s in the Mexic n , who di ed in Mexico w shortly after pea ce a s decl ared . a wa s a a a The second wife of Gener l Tipton Miss M tild Spencer , a his an d m m a a d ughter of old neighbor co nder , who fell in the b ttle of m T a . d a a a ippec noe Three chil ren were born to the l st rri ge , Geor ge , m ’ an d H ar ie t t . a a a a John George , who n ged his f ther s est te , died in

a . J a a a a a at Log nsport ohn , gr du te of West Point , di ed in C l iforni the n n a a a a A m an d be gi ni g of the rebellion , C pt in in the United St tes r y , i t who m a m m H ar e t a . a . rried Tho s S Du ont , of Log nsport , died soon a the l r O W a . fter Civi in . regon a 4 8 d a y 1 1 39 . a On Febru r , , Mrs M til Ti p ton , wi fe of General n d an d 4 a m a a J ohn Tipto , di e on April , less th n two onths fterw rd , he r a ' husb nd died after a very bri ef illness . While su p e r in t en din g a p roposed i m p rovem ent of hi s exten s i ve water p rivil e ges h e contracted

' a s m an d day a a evere cold fro exposure , on the next , fter few hours of f u n u s f w n d . as at a consci o s u eri g , he die He buri ed Log nsport on Sun day A 7 1 839 m a an , pril , , with i lit ry honors d the rites of the Ma sonic order .

hu d an an d n a I T s en ed eventful , bus y , useful ho or ble life . n his ‘ e arly chi l dhood he real ized th a t there were gr eat p o s sibil it ie s an d with tha t en ergy tha t m arked hi s enti re c areer he succeeded in wha tever he n u ndertook . He ever forgot thes e who were in arm s agai nst the Indi ans w ith him an d his respect for his dead com rades wa s so stron g t ha t when a n e w coun t y wa s organ ized he urged th at it b e n am ed for o e m n of the . Hi s appeal wa s often li stened too an d a s a result the T T c n t l y d “ar r ick “ s D vi s s ou i es of F o , Posey , Scott , , Spencer , ell , a e , ' ‘ E O F . E E N LI F G N RAL J O H N T I P I O . 39

a a an d a m am m en n P rke , H rrison B rtholo ew were n ed for who were e w gaged in the b attle of Tippec anoe . He as so unselfish that he never a sked th a t an y county be n am ed for hi m self an d it was never suggested m during his life . The nearest he ca e to h aving his nam e perpetu ated was when he do nated thirty a cres of ground to B artholom ew Coun ty a a a a th e for County Se t , with the underst nding th t town be nam ed “ ” T i t on a a a am was a m p , but for politic l re sons the n e ch nged to Colu was m a a n bus . Tipton very uch ch grinned over the ch nge a d lost an d i s ai a a interest in his town , it s d th t he never vi sited it a gain . R ther a a m a an th n p ss through it , in going fro one pl ce to other , he would m ake a detour a round it . a a a wa s a n m Five ye rs fter his de th , Tipton County org nized a d so e one who knew the General suggested th at his n am e be honored an d m was a perpe tuated by na ing the new County Tipton . Thus is th t after had a m an a was am he p ssed fro eventful c reer , he honored by the n ing m m an of a County an d City to his e ory . The citizens of Tipton d Tipton m him m was County ar e proud of the n a e . They honor for who it am an d a a a n ed , now , seventy ye rs fter hi s de th , it is proposed to erect “ a m m a a m a a a m a onu ent th t future gener tions y know th t history ker , ” an a an d a m a Indi n fighter , public spirited citizen , helped to ke it pos sible th a t the Great Central Northwest developed into the richest an d m ost prosperous section of country in the entire Union . It is proper t h at the citizens of Tipton County t ake cogniz ance of this an d com m em o rate the n am e of General John Tipton by the erection of a suitable m m m m a a m an d a onu ent to his e ory . It is spirit of p triotis recognition ‘ l of the value of m en to the country an d welfare of al the people . The writer of this work had the good fortune aa a Cr awfo letter written by Judge Is c N ylor , of 1 8 3 wa s a a 7 . The Judge in the b ttle of Tippec noe the first to arrive at the Pigeon Roost m a ssa cre 2 Fa et t e ‘ . La left . Mr . M W . Phillips , of y , who i s de t im e an d energy to hunting up facts an d tra diti on a m et a a e of the st te , recently d ughter of the Jud g sion he looked over m any letters filed aw a y by the a fin d ivir the pile of letters , he h ppened to one g interesting a ccount of incidents conn ected with H

up the Wab a sh an d the b attle of Tip pecanoe . It

l a ar e a r e - r o du ness of Mr . Phi lips th t we bl e to p “ I becam e a volunteer m em ber of a com p an j m 1 81 1 m m on the twelfth of Septe ber , , we co enced cen n e s an d a a a m a l , rrived there in bout six d ys , re rem ained there about a week an d took up the m a ' a a m a a ban " W b sh river sixty iles bove , on the e st a a am we erected stock de fort , whi ch he n ed Fort t hree m il es bel ow where the City of Terre Haut Davies s who m m a . a Joseph H , co nded the dr goons , "fl o r iou s defense of this fort nine m onths after h T ayl or was the first step in his bril l iant c areer n the a him Preside t of Uni ted States . A few d ys

E E R ' ‘ 42 LI F E OF G N AL J OHN T l P l ON . charging our line m ost furiously an d shooting a grea t m any rifle b alls am a air into our c p fires , throwing the live co ls into the three or four feet high . At this m om ent m y friend Wa rnock wa s shot by a rifle b all r an a a an d a through his body . He few y rds fell de d on the ground . Our lines were broken an d a few Indi ans were found on the inside of m m l l m m . a a O the enca p ent In few o ents they were killed . ur lines l closed up an d our m en in their proper p a ces . One Indi an was killed in ’ a a a a was a m . he b ck p rt of C pt in Geiger s tent , while he tte pting to tom ahawk the Captain . “ h a am T e sentinels , closely pursued by the Indi ns , c e to the lines of l am m a and . am a the enc p ent in h ste confusion My brother , Wi li N ylor , was a an d a r n wa s on gu ard . He pursued so r pidly furi ously th t he a to t h a a m a i a m a e ne rest point on the left fl nk , where he re ined w th co p ny w m of regul ar soldiers until the b attle a s near its ter in ation . A young m an am wa s a was an d , whose n e D niel Pettit , pursued so closely furi ou sl an a a s wa s m a y by Indi n he running fro the gu rd fire to our lines , that to save his life he cocked his rifle a s he ran an d turning suddenl y a m a a the ia an d round , pl ced the uzzle of his gun g inst the body of Ind n l im d a at am shot an ounce b al through h . The In i n fired his gun the s e ’ a a m a him an d i nst nt , but it being longer th n Pettit s the uzzle p ssed b y s et fire to a h an dkerchief which he had ti ed around his head . “ ' a m a or m a The Indi ns de four five ost fierce ch rges on our lines , y an d am a s a a a an d a elling scre ing they dv nced , shooting b lls rrows into

a . A a a d a car r v our r nks t e ch ch rge they were riven b ck in confusion , n s in g off their de ad a d wounded a they retrea ted . “ O n a Colonel wen , of Shelby County , Kentucky , one of Ge er l ’ a in a l Harrison s volunteer aides fell e rly cti on by the side of the Genera . wa s a m m f a at m He e ber O the Le gi sl ture the ti e of hi s death . Colonel Daviess wa s m a a a a a ort lly wounded e rly in the b ttle , g ll ntl y ch argin g the n a d an d a I di ns on foot with his swor pistols , ccordin g to h i s own

t r . m a a a r request He de this request three ti es of Gener l H rrison , befo e m m m h r h hi . ha w s m b e per i tted to ake t e ch a g e . T is c r ge a a de by him self an d ei ght dragoons on foot near th e angl e form ed b y the left fl ank m m an d front line of the enca p ent . “ Col onel Davie s s li ved about thi rt y - si x hours after he was m a his u a am m wounded ; nifestin g r ling p ssions in life , bition , p atriotis an d an a d n m a l r e t love of ilit r y g or y . Duri n g the l a st hours of his life he a n a n him ha he had s id to his frie ds rou d , t t but one thing to regret , E O F E N E J N N LI F G RAL OH TI P TO . 43 th at he ha d m i litary t alents ; th at he was about to be cut down in the m eridi an of l ife without having an opportunity to displ ay them for his an d own honor the good of his country . He wa s buried alone with the h war a a a m onors of ne r the right fl nk of the r y , inside of the lines of am m the enc p ent , between two trees . On one of these trees the letter ” . t m m a D i s now visible No hing but the stu p of the other re ins . His a was m a a m gr ve de here to conce l it fro the Indians . It was filled up to the a an d oak I top with e rth then covered with leaves . presum e the I ndians never found it . This precautionary a ct was perform ed a s a m a rk of peculi ar respect for a distinguished hero an d p atriot of

Kentucky . “ ’ a a m a m r ifl em en m C pt in Spencer s co p ny of ounted , co posed the i ht a m a a g fl nk of the a r y . C pt in Spencer an d both hi s Lieutenants

' ohn T i t on was were killed . J p elected an d com m issioned as Captain of t m a a a as a a his Co p ny in one hour fter the b ttle , rew rd for his cool an d a m a deliber te herois displ yed during the a ction . He died at Logans in 1 839 a port , h ving been twice elected Senator of the United States m fro the State of Indiana . “ The clear an d calm voice of General Harrison was heard in words

‘ of m a am m herois in every p rt of the enc p ent , during the a ction . Colonel ‘ Boyd behaved very bravely after repeating these words : Huzz a "My ’ a m an d " sons of gold , few ore fires victory will be ours “ Just after d aylight the Indi ans retre ated across the prairi e

a n a Off d . a wa s o m tow rd their tow , c rr y ing thei r wounde Thi s retre t fr

i a am m m of t wo m a the right fl nk of the enc p ent , co posed rifle co p nies , c m m a a a an d a a m o nded by C pt ins Spencer Robb , h ving retre ted fro the m m m r e other portions of the enca p ent a few inutes before . As their ' m was t r e b e cam e an a a a m en . at visible , l ost univers l shout r ised by our ‘ ’ Huzz a "Huzz a "Huzz a " This shout wa s nearl y equ al to th a t of t he s a a a m m m a wa s v ges t the co ence ent of the b ttl e , ours the shout of b u t a was . victory , theirs the shout of ferocious , dis ppointed hope “ The m orning light discl osed the fa ct th at the killed an d wounded d m m an d m en am . of our ar y , nu berin g between eight nine hundred , ounte

— a n a a to one hundred an d ei ghty . Thirty six Indi ns were fou d de d ne r h a a a off a . our lines . M ny of their de d were c rri ed during the b ttl e T i s fact was proved bv the discovery of m an y Indi an graves recentl y m ade

n wa s a y a a . n ear thei r tow . Ours blood y victor , theirs bloody defe t Soon after bre akfa st an Indi an Chief was discovered on t he y a m l a a prairi e, about ei ght y rds fro our front ine , wr pped in pi ece of m a an d m M a a b uskets sn pped i ssed fire . jor D vi s toward him with dra goon sword an d pistols an d s ai" then how to kill when a m essager cam e f r m m a a a r is on e ison , co nding th t he should be t ken p am into the c p , where the surgeons dressed his wou fused to speak a word of English or tell a word of t r i m edium of an interpreter he said th a t he was a friend an a a him was m ple d th t the Indi ns shot , while he co i tell General Harrison that they were about to atta ck

' a am a was " fused to h ve hi s leg put ted , though he tol m m a was the only eans of saving his life . One dog 0 a all an d a I a tion is th t good br ve ndi ns , when they die a an d t am an d th regi on , bounding with deer o her g e , fu l a al l m an d h hunter , he should h ve his li bs , his gun fore preferred death with al l his lim bs to life without a wa s m a v nce with his request he left to die , in co p ny who was found in the Indi an town the next day af prisoner . They were left in one of our tents . “ A m a wa a an t the ti e this Indi n s t ken prisoner , was - m id wounded in the body , rose to his feet in the an d began to walk toward the woods on the opposite a m m im m a of regul r soldiers shot at hi an d issed h . A am m a m e H u ckl eb er r ber of the s e co p ny with , Henry into the pr airie an d shot an ounce rifle b all through hi d a a m m en t u cki e d ne r the argin of the woods . So e K a a m m ia an d s a him w cross the pr irie i ed tely c lped , div

. a a a four pi eces E ch one cutting hole in e ch piece , p the h an d a his a a u through ole , pl cing p rt of the sc lp j m a m wa s fat thi ble of hi s gun , ne r its uzzle . Such the a a a an d Indi ns found de d on the b ttle ground , such w of their scalps . “ a an d a a a " The de th of Owen , the f ct th t D vi

' h the m m a a wounded , wi t re e br nce l so th a t a l arge port E E E J N LI F OF G N RAL OHN TI P TO . 45

had a m a best blood been shed by the Indi ns , ust be their pology for this s b arbarou conduct . Such conduct will be excused by all who witnessed t he od blo yscenes of this b attle . m a at m a a Tecu seh being bsent the ti e of b ttle , chief called White was m m a a w Loon , the chief co nder of the Indi ns . He as seen in the m a a a a orning fter the b ttle , riding l rge white horse in the woods a cross a was at a am m the pr irie , where he shot by volunteer n ed Montgo ery, a who is now living in the southwest of this State . At the crack Of _ p rt. his m a s a had h m I rifle the horse ju ped if the b ll hit i . The ndian rode Off a an d saw him m tow rd the town we no ore . During the b attle the wa s a a a a a Prophet s fely loc ted on hill , beyond the of our b lls , - re ch a a I a pr ying to the Gre t Spirit to give the victory to the ndi ans . H ving previously a ssured them th a t the Great Spirit would ch ange our powder into a shes an d sand . “ We had about forty hea d of beef cattle when we cam e to the b at al l r an a tle ground . They off the night of the b ttle , or they were driven l l off I a a a . a n by the ndi ns , so th t they were lost We received r tio s for m m two days on the orning after the b attle . We received no ore rations

a a a a . I a until the next Tuesd y evening , being six d ys fterw rd The ndi ns e a tOwn m m h aving r tre ted to their , we perfor ed the sole n duty of con

a a ffi . signing to their gr ves our de d soldiers , without shrouds or co ns a a ab m They were pl ced in gr ves out two feet deep , fro five to ten in each grave . “ General H arrison h aving learned th at T ecum seh was expected to return from the south with a num ber of Indi ans whom he ha d enlisted in a al a Offi a him m a his c use , c led council of his cers , who dvised to re in l an am a a a on the b attlefie d d fortify his c p by bre stwork of logs round , was m da an d al l about four feet hi gh . This work co pleted during the y the troops were pl aced im m edi ately behind each l in e o f the work when they were ordered to p ass the watchword from right to left every five m inutes so th at no m an was perm itted to sl eep during the night . The , , ‘ ’ ‘ ’ w w d was a a a a . m e a s a , atchwor Wide w ke , Wide w ke To it long cold , cheerless night . “ ’ da the a y On the next y dr goons went to Prophet s Town , which the

' l l the an an Ol d a m foun d deserted by a Indi s , excep t squ w , who the y brou g ht into th e c am p an d left her with the wounded chief before

m he d a n n an d was al l m . entioned . T r g oo s set fire to the tow it consu ed

g l n am da n i . ca sti n u p a. bril i a t li ght id the rkness of the ensuin g ght I was a al a arrived at the town w hen it bout h f on fire . I found l rge 46 LI F E O F G E N E RAL J OHN TI P TON .

s a a a . m a a w qu ntities of corn , be ns pe s I filled y kn p ck ith these articles an d carried them to the cam p an d divided them with the

b ou r m ccon sist in m en . a a ers of ess , g of six H ving these rticles of food we declined eating horse flesh which was eaten by a l arge portion of ” m en our . E O F E E J N P N LI F G N RAL OH TI TO .

TE C MSE H U . F N J T ON LI FE O GE E R AL OHN I P T .

Life o f Te cu m s e h Ka m s lealea

I s m an d a m t wa Tecu seh the Prophet , his brother , th t fo ented I a an d I a a trouble between the ndi ns the white settlers throughout ndi n . al l th I a a m Nearly e other ndi n n tions were disposed to beco e friendly , m a but by the intrigue of the British govern ent , the Indi ns were slow m w r 81 2 to obey the m andates of the Am erican govern ent . The a of 1 wa s brewing an d it wa s the policy of Great Britain to cause as m uch am a W a s m a al l unrest ong the Indi ns in the est possible , to ke it the a m ore possible for them to carry on war i n the e a st . Gre t Britain found a gre at friend in Tecum seh an d it took a bl oo dv b attl e an d a hu m il at a a a a a ing defe t to convince the Indi ns th t they could not ssist Engl nd , m aintain their trib al rel at ion s an d hol d possession o f so rich a country a s n m w s Indi a a . It i s not certain th a t the wa rrior Tecu seh a in the a l a m " d n a was a . b tt e of Tipp ec noe , for there is no evi e ce th t he ne r ) So e a s a ha had h a writers h ve i d t t he been t ere , results would h ve been quite d ff e t P e n . hap u o in i r er s i t wo l d be of interest to p r duce . connection the a a a with life of Gener l Tipton , a biogr phic l sketch of the lives of n these two oted Indi an Chiefs . T m Kam skaka " g a a ecu seh , signifyin wildc t sprin ging on its pre y , ) wa s a a O a a O a at . born of Sh wnee p rent g e , ld Piq u . ne r Sp rin g field , hio a n d wa s on e of the bol dest an d m ost active of the braves who opp osed

M a d A a n in 94 - 95 was at at nthon y W y e 1 7 an d the treat y Greenvill e . As a as 1 804 he had the u m e rl y , begun exec tion of a sche e in connection “ ” w his p a i the s a s ith brother , The Pro het , for confeder t n g we tern Indi n m n a n l H m a for the purpose of exter i ti g the white peop e . e visited n y

' '

E R N . L I F E O F . G N E A L J OHN T I P l O

a at a a m an d in the vault of He ven cert in ti e , thus they would know by w r tha t sign when to begin the a . The people looked upon him with m n d ha d m awe am a . , for the f e of Tecu seh the Prophet preceeded the m m a a m et Tecu seh continued his ission wi th p rti l success , however , he m m with opposition here an d there . A ong the ost conspi cuous of the J — l was T u st in u ee T h u cco V ar r io r . m opposi tion gg , the Big Creek Tecu seh tried every ar t to convert thi s big chief to his purpose . At length he “ — l a T u st in u ee T h u cco . a a m s id , gg , your blood is white You h ve t ken y

r edst ick s an d m a m a . a y t lk , but you do not e n to fight I know the re son , m you do not believe the Grea t Spirit has sent e . You sh all believe it . W I a an d a . will le ve directly go str ight to Detroit hen I get there , I will stam p m y foot upon the ground an d sh ake d own ever y house in ” h n n at a m m m T o o kabat c a . a c Str gely e ough , bout the ti e Tecu seh ust a a at wa s a a m h ve rrived Detroit , there he rd deep ru bling under ground all A a am a an d wa s a a a a over the l b regi on , there he ving of the e rth th t m ade the houses of T o o ckaba t cha reel an d totter a s if about to fall . The “ a a a r an a m m a t " m st rtled s v ges out , excl i ing Tecu seh is Detroit Tecu seh ” i s at Detroit "We feel the stam p Of hi s foot " It was the shock of an w i m m a a a a s al l . A a e rthqu ke th t felt over the gulf reg on t the s e ti e , t “ ” he. he m a ar m m a a t . co et . the bl zin g of Tecu seh , ppe red in sky These m a a m a y a events de powerful i pression on ne rl the whole Creek n tion , “ ” but it did not m ove the Big “I ar r ior from his al l ige an ce t o the e a m an d a a . United St tes The Creeks , however , ros in r s , in less th n two ’ m a ye ars their n ation was ruined . Tecu seh s visit brought dre dful m m c al a ity upon the . A a a m i fter being driven out of Indi n , Tecu seh jo ned the British

m m m - wa s l t ar y an d wa s co issioned a Brigadi er General . He kil ed a the

a am i n a a a 5 1 81 3 . a b ttle of Th es C n d , O ctober , It is supposed th t h i s

l w w s . s a as . i a . a a a d a yer Col R ch rd M Johnson , of Kentucky , who fterw r

— c andid ate for V ice President of the United States . ' wa s his a was at it s It not long before de th , when his glory heighth an d was m Am i a a m m he eting out revenge on the er c ns , th t Co odore

a a - in B a Perry fought the gre t b ttl e of Put y, the report of which coined “ ' ” m a m h n in n r the a a et t e e e y a d a e . A f ous phr se , We h ve they ours t im a a l the l a a one t e during this gre t b tt e of kes , the Briti sh were g inin g ’ n an advantage a d were hurl ing shot thick an d fast into Perr y s fl a gship . a a ha y m ed a a f an d It ppe red t t it would sink , when Perr ju p to the fl gst f “ ’ in full view of the British guns , cried out , Don t give up the ship . E ach m an vied with the other to do his best an d soon the British began LI F E O F G E N E RAL JOHN TI P TO N . 5 1 to show signs of weakening an d when the Am erican ships pressed upon m fl a a wa s an d a an the , they hoisted the white g, the b ttle over the St rs d “ ” a m m m a a al l Stripes w ved fro the top ost st , sign lling victory to the an d a world . Two ships , two bri gs , one schooner one sloop were c ptured

” m a an d others went to the botto of the l ake . The result of this had depressing effect upon Tecu m seh an d he resolved that he would never surrender nor give him self up to the Am ericans an d when he s aw fate staring him in the fa ce he boldly st ood before the sword o f a Kentucky m u Colonel an d allowed hi self to be c t to his death . 52 F E OF G LI ENERAL JOHN TI P TON .

T HE PR O P ET H . E E N E J N N LI F OF G RAL OH TI P TO .

Pr o he El w p t hs at awa .

was a a a O an Prophet lso born ne r Piqu , hio , d in hi s early life

' wa a w s s a . a a m an d worthless, drunken v gabond He ugly , qu rrelso e t i h a a an l a . a an a zy In figh w t neighbor Indi n , he lost eye , ccident a a him idiou s a a an m which ever fterw rd gave a h ppe r ce . Thi s defor ity he turned to a ccount an d used his b ad eye to frighten the im pression a an a a s 1 805 su r n t ble d superstitious . As e rly he pretended to be p e a “ ” m d u r al l i . a a a a Man an y gu ded He ssu ed the ch r cter of Medicine , m i l a cl a i ed to be directed by the Great Spir t . He c everly beg n his m a i an d a sche e by f lling suddenl y one night while li ghting his p pe , l ying w s a a a d app arently dea d until he a borne w y for buri l . Then he opene “ an d a : a a a t he hi s eye s id Be not fe rful , I h ve been in the l nd of a a a m ay m a I a Blessed . C ll the n tion together , th t I tell the wh t h ve ” a a m wa s sin a n ed an d t oId a m a seen an d he rd . An sse bly he rvelous story of the l and he had seen an d the instructions an d warning he had “ r m a m was a a an d was a d eceived . Fro th t ti e he pre cher c lle The ” O a as a Prophet . S gre t w his influence th t his disciples believed he m a possessed any of the powers of the Gre t Spirit . He told wonderful t a his a n a m a m as a as les of doings , s yi g th t he could ke pu pkins l rge am m an d a a ear wigw s spring fro the ground , corn so l rge th t one would m w s m t m h a en . S O a a a a a feed do zen gre t hi s f e one ti e , t t the southern shores of Lake Superior an d Michigan were al m ost depopul ated an d m a a t raders were co pelled to b ndon business , such throngs flocked to

m a - a a hear The Prophet . Not ore th n one third of the deluded f n tics F E 54 LI F E O GEN RAL J O H N T I P TO N .

a a a n f r a d a . eturned , the gre ter p rt h ving perished of hunger , cold tigue

O a a a a m , n the evening before the b ttle of Tippec noe , fter h ving pro ised Genera l Harrison to give an answer the next m orning as to a ccept

° n m a m an g ter s of pe ce , he surrounded hi self with his dupes d prep ared n m t a m d . u for trea chery a urder He brought o pretended agic bowl . “ ' “ I n a a sa e a one h nd he held cred torch , in the oth r string of holy ” w m f a as a a . be ns , which ccounted ir culous in their ef ects His followers were al l required to touch this t alism an an d be m a de proof aga inst h arm ’ an d m a an d a an a t o m a the white n s bullets , then to t ke o th exter in te h l was a m he t e p a e faces . When this cco plished T Prophet went through m m m a d a long series of inc ant ations an d ysteri ous ove ents . He d nce a a a he a a i an d a round the fire , ppe ring to in intense gony , gro n ng wre th ing an d twisting him self into al l kinds of contortions . Then turning

a a 700 a / m a to his highly excited b nd , bout ltogether , he told the th t the “ ” ha m r m a a m an d . a e ti e to tt ck the white co e They in your power , he “

a a as a m a . s id , holding up the holy be ns re inder of their o ths They n a sleep now a d never will wake . The Gre t Spirit will give light to us m an d a m an . a a d rkness to the white Their bullets sh ll not h r us , your ” war n a a a a a a a . a d we pons sh ll be lw ys f t l Then followed songs d nces , a a a a until the Indi ns , wrought up to perfect frenzy , rushed forth to tt ck ’ a m was a H rrison s ca p without a lea der . It these orgies th t Ensign Tipton heard while standing gu ard an d he gave the al arm that the a Indi ans were upon the cam p . Stealthily the tre cherous Indi ans crept a a m t o through the long gr ss of the pr irie in the deep gloo , intending ’ m s am an d surround their ene y s po ition , kill the sentinels , rush into c p

‘ m a a Of a a ss cre every one . The story the b ttle is too well known to repe t a I a a here , but the result c used the ndi ns to doubt The Prophets inspir

’ h h m tions by the Grea t Spirit . W en e cunningly told the that his predic tions concerning the b attle had failed because his wife had touched the

a an d a m t u him a . s cred vessels broke the ch r , hey c rsed with repro ches Even Indi an superstition could not accept that flim sy falsehood for as an d excuse , The Prophet was deserted by his disappointed followers an d - was m m he he co pelled to seek refuge a ong t Wyandottes . His power an d influence were gone and he went to C ana da where he died a , m a iser ble death . I F G E P L E OF NERAL JOHN T I TON . 55

Eve n t s Le ading U p t o The Battle o f Tippe can oe

4 — m 20 1 79 . a a a r n al August , B ttle of the M u ee R pids , whe e Ge er a a a I Anthony W yne dis strously defe ted the united ndian tribes . In a a a s aid G a a m et m this b ttle H rrison , serving to ener l W yne , first in co b m a a I a . t the young chief Tecu seh , who led the Sh wnee ndi ns

— 3 1 79 . a at O n d August , 5 Tre ty Greenville , hio , between Wayne a l a a a e even Indi n chiefs , ceding to the United St tes the disputed l nds in th m V a m a an d e Mau ee River lley . Tecu seh refused to ttend the council m never reco gnized the ter s of the treaty .

1 7 - — m 1 a 95 1 801 . W m . a a a a 795 . H H rrison de C pt in in ; secret ry of

i h e North - W est Territory in 1 798 ; delegate from th at territory to Congress in 1 799 ; an d governor of the newly form ed Territory of

Indi ana in 1 801 . ’ 8 - — a an n a . 1 03 O5 . Tre ty between Harrison d the I di ns ’ — a i a m 1 804 05 . British gents inc ting northwestern Indi ns to en it y m a gainst the A ericans .

“ 1 80 . a T m an d 5 The Sh wnee chief, ecu seh , his brother , The Prophet began the form ation of the con feder at iori of western Indi an t i ibes fOI m a m the recovery of their lost do ain . The Prophet cl i ed to represent t he Great Spirit an d wielded a powerful religious influence 0 11 the m m m Indians of various tribes , while Tecu seh oved fro tribe to tribe a a a ha from the Great L kes to the Gulf , dvoc ting the principle t t the Indi ans were one people an d th at the l ands being com m on propert y l l could not be sold by one tribe without the consent of a .

— B a a n a a m Spring of 1 808. y invit tion of the Kick poos a d Pott w to ies Tecum seh an d The Prophet rem oved with their tribe of Sh awnees to F E -N 56 LI FE O G EN RAL JOHN T I P T O .

’ the junction of the Tippecanoe an d Wab a sh rivers where Prophet s was an d a a a ra Town built the he dqu rters of the Indi n confede cy , established .

- a t in A 1 808 . a V ugust , The Prophet visited Governor H rrison

’ cen n e s an d disclaim ed evil intention s in his influence over the Indi an tribes of the west .

— t a n m 30 1 809 . a a a Septe ber , Tre ty Fort W yne in which H rriso a a purcha sed from the a ssem bled chiefs title to two l rge bodies of l nd . Tecum seh was a bsent when this treaty was m ade an d on his r eturn pro a a a d m tested against the v lidity of the s le , even thre tening with eath so e of the chiefs who took part in the council .

e — ~ 0 a a m a Pr o h . 1 81 . July , H rrison sent a concili tory ess ge to The p ’ at Prophet s Town .

August 1 2 — Tecum seh vis ited Governor Ha rrison at V in m cen n es a ccom p anied by seventy five ar ed Indians . Frequent inter views were hel d in which Tecum seh protest ed against the sale of lands at the l a st council at Fort Wayne . He op enly told the governor of the

' wa s m an d an powerful confedera tion he for ing , of intended visit to the

British while on a trip to the Huron tribe . The conference on August 2 0 nearly ended in open hostility .

— m m a a m a t 1 81 0 Nu erous inor tt cks were de on set lers , who a 1 81 1 A a A a r etali ated . E rly in the British gent of Indi n ff irs took

a . a ctive steps to incite the northwestern Indi ns to discontent In June , ’ 1 81 1 a a a m a m at , , H rrison sent w rning ess ge to Tecu seh Prophet s Town 27 m a a at a m a an d on July , Tecu seh ppe red Vincennes , cco p nied l a a to by a considerab e b nd of Indi ns , enroute southern tribes to i i t had a . A a co m plete his confeder tion nticip t ng th s visi . the Governor 0 m n m m a m a 75 e . a review of the iliti , nu bering bout Tecu seh soon left an d a s a a for the south , H rri on underst nding th t he would return in three ‘ ’ m m m m at a at onths ti e , deter ined to ove once on the Indi ns Prophet s

Town an d strike a blow at the confederation .

O 1 8 1 — was a a 1 . ctober 7 , The blow struck , the B ttle of Tippec noe w s an a - a m a fought , won d the Four Gre t North West Territories s ved fro wa a the British . It s in this b attle th t the fam e of Ensign J ohn Tipton

am , n as a a an d an a bec e oted w rrior Indi n fighter .