1 Assessing the historical forest Encroachment of Kodagu region of Western Ghats, South India using remote sensing and GIS G.R. Pramod Kumar*, A.M. Hemanjali, P. Ravikumar, R.K. Somashekar** and B.C. Nagaraja Department of Environmental Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560056 Email: *pramodgowdagmail.com, **
[email protected] Abstract The present study is focused on RS and GIS based assessment of forest encroachment in Kodagu district of Karnataka for the year 1990, 2000 and 2010 using Landsat TM/MSS for 1990 and 2000, and IRS LISS III for the year 2010. It’s located in the south-western part of Karnataka state, geographically stretched between 110 56' to120 52’ N and 750 22’ to760 12’ E, with a total area of 4101.21 Km2. The study revealed that the encroachment in reserve forest area accounts for 291.6 ha, 284.8 ha and 173.7 ha respectively for the year, 2010, 2000 and 1990. The highest encroachment is being noticed in Somavarpet, Kushalnagar ranges in Madikeri division and major encroachment is witnessed moist and dry deciduous, other plantation and mixed forest plantation. The major factors accelerating are expansion of agriculture, plantations, rapid growth of urbanization, development of utility services, population dependency of forest livelihood and poverty. Keywords: Western Ghats, Forest types, Encroachment, Zonal classification, Land use Land cover Introduction The forests are playing a vital role in regulating the climate and biodiversity conservation despite providing livelihood benefits to millions of people living in and around the forests.The forests of the Western Ghats region of peninsular India have undergone significant transformations over the past century (Ref).