UPSC Civil Services Examination

Current Affairs & GS III (International Relations)

Heart of Asia - Process

The Heart of Asia - Istanbul Process is an intergovernmental organisation established to provide a platform to discuss regional issues such as encouraging economic cooperation, encouraging security and political stability for and its immediate neighbours. The region-specific platform was launched in November 2011 to expand the scope of assistance in combating existential threats like terrorism, narcotics, poverty and extremism.

List of Member Countries

Member Countries of Heart of Asia - Istanbul Process

Afghanistan

Azerbaijan

China

India

Iran

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

In addition to these member countries, there are other countries who play a supporting role to the organisation order to assist with their day to day functions. They are as follows:

Supporting Countries of Heart of Asia - Istanbul Process

Australia

Canada

Denmark

Egypt

European Union

France

Finland

Germany

United States

Three Elements of Heart of Asia

Political Consultation to resolving disputes involving Afghanistan and its extended neighbours.

Achieving a sustained developmental approach to the implementation of Confidence Building Measures as stated in the Istanbul Process document

Seeking to contribute and bring greater unity and coherence to work on various regional issues through regional processes and organisation as they relate to Afghanistan

Key Highlights of Ministerial Declarations

Every year, the Heart of Asia holds Ministerial Conferences every year to make joint declarations to combat existential threats. Below are the highlights of the declarations taken so far:

1. Ministerial Declaration, November 2nd, 2011: In the inaugural conference in Istanbul, Turkey, the ​ declaration on “Regional Security And Cooperation for a Secure and Stable Afghanistan was adopted by all the member nations.

2. Ministerial Declaration, June 14th, 2012: In the first follow-up conferences to the Heart of Asia in , ​ Afghanistan, a declaration on political consultation involving Afghanistan and a sustained approach to implementation of CBMs (Confidence Building Measures) were adopted.

3. Ministerial Declaration, April 26th, 2013: The President of , H.E. Mr Nursultan Nazarbayev ​ inaugurated the third conference in , The Republic of Kazakhstan. The declaration on joint cooperation between member nations, combating terrorism and conference was adopted.

4. Ministerial Declaration, October 31st, 2014: In the fourth conference in , the People’s Republic of ​ , a declaration aimed at promoting peace and co-operation between Afghanistan and its neighbours was

adopted. The conference was co-chaired by the Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Afghan Foreign Minister Zarar Ahmad.

5. Ministerial Declaration, December 9th, 2015: The conference was held in , Pakistan. A joint ​ declaration on combating security threats, both internal and external, promoting economic connectivity and strengthening Confidence Building Measures were adopted.

6. Ministerial Declaration, December 4th, 2016: In the conference held at Amritsar, , members reiterated ​ their belief in principles of sovereignty, independence as enshrined in the UN charter. They also consented on eliminating non-tariff barriers to trade.

7. Ministerial Declaration, December 1st, 2017: The conference held at , Republic of , the ​ declaration on “Security and Economic Connectivity towards a Strengthened Heart of Asia Region” was adopted. Mr Elmar Mammadyarov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Mr Salahuddin Rabbani, Foreign Affairs Minister of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan were the co-chairs of the conference.