National Perspective The Italian fleet renewal

Veronica Usai - ASSTRA ASSTRA: WHO WE ARE

ASSTRA is the National Association of Local and it represents a network of more than 135 companies running urban, suburban and extra urban public transport services on: ➢, ➢tramway, ➢, ➢metropolitan railway, ➢light rail (Except those operated by S.p.A.), ➢waterborne transport, ➢tourist and school services, ➢parking areas, ➢towing away of vehicles.

2 WHAT WE DO

The Association REPRESENTS THE NEEDS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATORS and defends their interests in front of Institutions, at national and European level.

PROMOTES local public transport OFFERS technical advice as the way to sustainability, on social, legal, fostering awareness on its administrative, financial, environmental, social and and technical fields economic values.

COLLECTS data to DEFENDS the rights and the assure the punctual interests of its Members analysis of the sector

BRINGS relevant sector stakeholders together to exchange ideas and find solutions, being a recognized platform for knowledge sharing and business networking EUROPEAN PROJECTS ASSTRA has taken part in many European projects, often with the role of Leader of some Work package 5 Contribution to ELIPTIC Project: PILLAR B Coordination Upgrading and/or regenerating electric public B transport systems (flywheel, reversible substations)

To analyse smart energy management concepts for upgrading existing (electric) public transport infrastructure. To define optimised energy management at sub‐stations in combination with recuperating braking energy and harging solutions for e‐buses and other e‐vehicles

To identify the potential of using ICT for smart and more efficient energy management (smart energy networks, real time information etc.)

To demonstrate key technologies in relevant environments for increased operational and energy efficiency, i.e. flywheel energy storage device in / sub‐station and reversible sub‐station for light rail or light rail tram operation on rail tracks for rural PT. 6 Contribution to ELIPTIC Project: PILLAR B USE CASES B

B.1: Recuperation of braking B.2: Optimised braking energy energy from : recovery in light rail network Refurbishment of a flywheel energy storage system

B.3:Optimised braking energy B.4: Light rail (tram) operation recovery in trolleybus network for rural rail track PT IN (2016) “Total vehicle km for type of vehicle” Type of vehicle Total vehicle kilometres % Urban Bus lines 691.570.000 35,99 Extraurban Bus lines 1.052.450.000 54,78 Subway 137.781.000 7,17 Tramways 38.518.000 2,00 Funicolars 1.008.710 0,05 Totale 1.921.327.710 100 Total vehicle kilometres % Local railways (train*km) 43.324.077 Regional railways Trenitalia (train*km) 176.100.000 [Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP – 2017 ] PT IN ITALY (2015) “The bus fleet in Italy”

[Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP – 2017 ]

This graph shows like the bus fleet in Italy is strongly decreasing in the last ten years, from 58.307 vehicles in the 2005, to the 50.576 vehicles of the 2015. PT IN ITALY (2015) “Average age of fleet (Bus)”

[Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP – 2017 ] It is possible to note a steady growth of the average age of the fleet (bus) from 2004 (9,76 years) to 2015 (11,38 years). PT IN ITALY (2015) “Average age of fleet in Europe (Bus)”

[Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP – 2017 ] Consequently, the gap with the average European age always increase more (11,4 years in Italy against about 7,5 years in Europe)! ASSTRA BUS SURVEY (2015) “The sample” ✓ The total fleet (Vehicle kilometres, 2015): 686.539.112 ✓ The bus fleet (Vehicle kilometres, 2015): 639.020.029 ✓ The bus fleet (number of bus, 2015): 15.952 48 Companies Alessandria AMAG, Ancona CONEROBUS, TIEMME, Ascoli START, Avellino AIR, AMTAB, Bari FAL, Bari FDG, Bari STP, Bari FSE, Biella ATAP, TPER, Bolzano SAD, Bolzano SASA, Brescia BT, Brindisi STP, Cagliari ARST, Cagliari CTM, Catania AMT, Cesena START ROMAGNA, Chieti TUA, Cosenza AMACO, Fermo STEAT, Gorizia APT, Lecco LL, Lodi LINEE, Macerata APM, Mantova APAM, SETA, Napoli ANM, Napoli CTP, Palermo AMAT, Pisa CTT, Pistoia COPIT, Pordenone ATAP, ATAM, San Cesario di STP, San Donà di Piave ATVO, Sassari ATP, AMAT, Taranto CTP, Torino GTT, Trento TTE, Treviso MDM, Trieste TT, Urbino AMI, Venezia ACTV, Verona ATV. THE SOURCE FOR ENERGY (Urban service, 2015) Hybrid 1% LNG Electric 1% 1% CNG 26%

Diesel 71%

[Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP – 2017 ]

The number of CNG buses has increased to 26%. Electric buses, hybrid and LNG are almost the 3% of the total. Any way the main source of energy is confirmed as diesel with the 71%. THE SOURCE FOR ENERGY (Extra Urban service, 2015)

CNG 1 %

Diesel 99 %

[Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP – 2017 ]

The extra urban bus fleet is composed mainly by diesel vehicles (about the 99%). LEVEL OF EMISSIONS (Urban service, 2015)

Pre Euro 0, Euro Euro I 0 2% 3% EEV Euro II 26% 22% Euro VI 8% Euro III Euro V 21% 14% Euro IV 4% [Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP – 2017 ] Euro 4 and Euro 5 are almost the 18% of the fleet. Pre-Euro 0 and Euro 0 are still the 3% of the fleet. In 2015 the vehicles with low environmental impact are increasing in the urban fleet (EEV 26% and Euro VI 8%); any way, the fleet is concentrated, again, in the Euro 2 and Euro 3 level of emission (bus characterized from PM10 levels four times higher respect to new buses). LEVEL OF EMISSIONS (Extra Urban service, 2015) EEV Pre Euro 0, Euro Euro VI 12% 0 2% 4% Euro I Euro V 5% 14% Euro II 27%

Euro IV 7%

Euro III 29% [Source: “Investire nel trasporto pubblico – Mezzi e reti per la mobilità” - ASSTRA e CDP –2017 ]

Also in the Extra Urban service, the fleet (bus) is concentrated in the Euro 2 and Euro 3 level of emission. INVESTMENTS IN FLEET AND INFRASTRUCTURE

The latest regulatory measures have shown a change in the pace of national sector policies, recognizing the emergency regarding the age of the means.

Available fundings The Ministry of Transport, in response to the strategic plan developed in "Connecting Italy, the document made in 2017 by the Ministry for Economic and Finance, announced that in the next 18 months 5/6.000 buses will enter service followed by 2.000 buses/year from 2019 to 2033; to these will be added 250 trains by 2022 and € 300 million for new vessels for local public transport.

*Only public fundings

Fonte: Elaborazioni MIT. INVESTMENTS IN FLEET AND INFRASTRUCTURE – ALTERNATIVE FUEL-POWERED VEHICLES

• With the Budget Law 2018 it is envisaged that "up to € 100 million for each of the years from 2019 to 2033 can be allocated to the financing of experimental and innovative projects of sustainable mobility, for the introduction of alternative fuel-powered vehicles and related support infrastructures presented by municipalities and metropolitan cities".

• The Legislative Decree 257/16 implementing Directive 2014/94/EU (DAFI) on the creation of an alternative fuels infrastructure, provides, starting from 1 July 2018, in the high-pollution Provinces, the obligation for operators of urban public transport service to buy at least 25% of alternative feed vehicles (CNG vehicles, LNG vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles). INVESTMENTS IN FLEET AND INFRASTRUCTURE – FOCUS ON CONSIP TENDER

The Decree of Ministry n. 25 of January 23, 2017 implements the provisions of art. 1 paragraph 866 of the Law of 28 December 2015, n. 208 (Stability Law 2016); it establishes a fund for the purchase of busses, introduces the centralized purchasing method also through specialized companies. In detail, the decree establishes procedures for the use, through a centralized purchasing system, of the resources destined to purchase the bus fleet for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019, amounting to a total of 150 million euro distributed into Regions. CLASSIFICATION: urban short, urban normal, urban long, urban articulated; extra-urban normal, extra-urban long.

Urban service SUPPLY: electric, compressed methane, diesel, hybrid

PLATFORM: Extra Urban completely lowered, raised, partially Service lowered (low entry) SOME OF THE MOST RECENT EXAMPLE IN THE ITALIAN SCENARIO

101 electric busses (9,1% of the total fleet) and 67 hybrid busses (21 Euro VI) SOME OF THE MOST RECENT EXAMPLE IN THE ITALIAN SCENARIO

23 electric busses on STAR1 e STAR2 lines SOME OF THE MOST RECENT EXAMPLE IN THE ITALIAN SCENARIO

12 new electric busses, 70 passenger each, 12 m lenght, 3 doors and platform completely lowered SOME OF THE MOST RECENT EXAMPLE IN THE ITALIAN SCENARIO

2 electric busses for 43-49 passengers Thank you for your attention!

Veronica Usai Rail Office ASSTRA [email protected]