1 1 l l I DRAFT CAPE PATERSON I FORESHORE 1 MANAGEMENTPLAN· I I I J SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 DESCRIPTION OF STUDYAREA (CAPE PATERSON FORESHORE) 3
1.2 PURPOSE OF MANAGEMENT PLAN 4
1.3 LAND TENURE 4
1.4 DEVELOPMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT PLAN 4
1.5 GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGIESAND OTHER INFLUENCES 5
1.6 PERIOD OF THE PLAN AND REVIEW MECHANISM 5
1.7 PRIMARY MANAGEMENT AIMS 5
1.8 PRIMARYMANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES 7
SECTION 2 RESOURCE CONSERVATION 10
2.1 NATIVE VEGETATION MANAGEMENT 10
2.2 NATIVE WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 13 2.2.1 Background 13 2.2.2 Issues: 13
2.3 GEOLOGY ANDGEOMORPHOLOGY 14
2.4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES 15
2.5 EUROPEAN HISTORY 17
2.6 LANDSCAPE 18
SECTION 3 FORESHORE PROTECTION 20
3.1 COAST AL EROSION 20
3.2 PEST PLANTS 21
3.3 PEST ANIMALS 22
3.4 FIRE MANAGEMENT 23
3.5 ADJACENT LAND USE 24
3.6 REGULATIONS AND RESTRICTIONS 26
SECTION 4 VISITOR USE 29
4.1 TOURISM 29
4.2 VISITOR INFORMATION AND EDUCATION 30
4.3 VISITOR FACILITIES AND SERVICES 32 4.4. CAMPING ANDCARAVANING 34
4.5SWIMMING/SURFING 35 l 4.6COMP ANION DOGS 36
4.7BOATING 37
4.7 PLAYEQUIPMENT 37 l 4.8 VEHICLE ACCESS AND CARPARKING 38 4.9 WALKING TRACKSAND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS 39
1 4.10 SCENIC LOOKOUTS 40 1 4.11SAFETY ACCESS FOR VISITORSWITH DISABILITIES 41 4.12 PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY 41
SECTION 5 AUTHORISED USES 43 I 5.1COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES 43 5.2 ORGANISED EVENTS 45
SECTION 6 MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION 46
6.1MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES/ OTHER ORGANISATIONS 46
I 6.2 VOLUNTEER WORK/COMMUNITYGROUPS 47
SECTION 7 FINANCIAL RESOURCES 48 I 7.1Background 48 SECTION 8 IMPLEMENTATION OF PLAN 50
8.1RESPONSIBILITY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THEPLAN 50
APPENDIX ONE: 59
VEGETATION COMMUNITIES OF THE CAPE PATERSON 59
FORESHORE RESERVE 59
APPENDIX TWO: 62
PLANTS OF CAPE PATERSON 62
H:\home\PaulSmithlPLANS\FSHORE\CAPEP ATMAN_ 2.doc/06 May 2002 2 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA (CAPE PATERSON FORESHORE)
Cape Paterson is a coastal town situated within the Bass Coast Shire Council (BCSC) in South Gippsland which is located 140 km south- east ofMelbourne by road, approximately halfway between Melbourneand Wilson Promontory. The coastline of Cape Paterson is of a southerly aspect facingBassStrait..
The area ofland indicated on Map lA, located between southern extensions of Wilson Road (west) and Boundary Road ( east), constitutes the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve. BCSC is the Committee of Management for this area of land.
The Foreshore Reserve is approximately 1.9 kilometers from east to west and approximately .26 kilometers north to south. Within this 47 hectares of coastline a range ofbeaches, rock platforms and ocean conditions are experienced.
Coastal formsand facilities experienced along this section ofcoastline include: anideal learner/children sand beach with a 10 metrelong rock pool and anassociated Royal Life Saving organisation; a boat ramp accessing Bass Straight from a beach launch across a reef and in to deeper channels; two surf beaches, one with an associated Surf LifeSaving organisation; and a fishing beach. The fishing and un-patroiled surf beach experience strong tidal movements and currents. Intermittent rock platforms,which are characteristic of the Bunurong Marine andCoastal Park, are represented along this section of coast. The level of protection and sculpturing of beaches that these platformsprovide, contributes to the range of marine conditions experienced
Cape Paterson has a resident population of 510 people, comprising mainly of retirees, families and those employed in neighboring Wonthaggi and other nearby towns. Cape Paterson experiences a high influxof visitors during the summerseason and on weekends with more than half of the dwellings in Cape Paterson being holiday houses. Visitors are accommodated in flats and the foreshorecamping/caravan park. The Foreshore Reserve is also a popular area forday trip visitors from Melbourne and the Latrobe Valley area.
The coastal area of Cape Paterson is composed of a range of natural andman made assets including: • significantremnant heathland and other coast vegetation communities • three caravan and camping areas • picnic areas and playgrounds • public access areas to the beaches • scenic walking trails throughout the reserve • dramatic cliffs, caves and other topographical features • two lifesaving club houses • 3 main car parks and public amenities.
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANSIFSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 3 1.2 PURPOSE OF MANAGEMENT PLAN
The main purpose of the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve Management Plan is to assist the Committee ofManagement in the proper planning for the future use and development of the Foreshore Reserve and ensure the management and preservation ofits natural resources, consistent with State policy, regulations and guidelines forforeshores and coastlines, public risk management.
1 1.3 LAND TENURE l The Cape Paterson foreshoreis located within the westernsection of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment's proposed Bunurong Coastal Park which borders the existing Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park (Figure 1 ). Cape Paterson foreshore l originally comprised ofCrown allotments 38D, 38E, 38F and 39B, reserve of approximately 77 hectares in the Parish ofWonthaggi. This area was permanently reserved forthe protection ofthe coastline on 22.3.1972, 13.3.1968, 26.7.1972 and I 22. 5 .1974 respectively.
In December, 1991, the Bunurong Marine Park, was reserved under the Crown Land J (Reserves)Act 1978 andadded to Schedule Four of the National ParksAct 1975. Two Conservation Zones were proposed at this time. Cape Paterson allotments 38D, 38E and 38F were reassigned into allotment 50A encompassing a large section ofthe Cape I Paterson foreshoreand the foreshorewest of Cape Paterson into theProposed Bunurong Conservation Zones. Allotment 39B remains separate to allotment 50A and is also I reserved within the Bunurong Conservation Zone. Park Regulations 1984 applyto both the Sanctuary and Conservation Zones. I The original crown allotment 38C of approximately 353 m2 in the Parish ofWonthaggi was excised from the reserve on 27.5.1981 and is now amalgamated within allotment 50A, the original area of 38C is currently leased to the Cape Paterson Surf Life Saving I Club.
I 1.4 DEVELOPMENTOF THEMANAGEMENT PLAN
The Bunurong Marine was proclaimed in December 1991. The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park DraftManagement Plan, contains proposals to extend the existing marine park to incorporate the adjacent coastal reserves between Hanners Haven and Inverloch. This was in response to community concernsregarding the need forthe complementary management ofboth marine and coastal environments.
The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park DraftManagement Plan contains proposals for the future management of both the marineand coastal environment in the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park. The area offoreshore within the BunurongCoastal Park and adjacent to the Cape Paterson township, is the responsibility of the Bass Coast Shire Council as the Committee ofManagement.
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.docl06 May 2002 4 This area of foreshore is a high utilisation area and the need fora comprehensive management plan is in response to community concernsregarding the management of the· coastal environment consideringhuman utilisation and the areas of significant natural resources. This Cape Paterson Foreshore Management Plan aims to protect vegetation communities and connected ecosystems, as well as provide for education, research and recreation opportunities.
1.5 GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGIES AND OTHER INFLUENCES
The Major Government Strategies
The Victorian Governmenthas developed several major strategies and policies or programs in the last decade which influencepreparation of plans for, and management of, Crown land. The conservationobjectives of the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park will be met by using specific legislation to regulate activities in the Park and thus secure its long-term future. The major legislation will be under the National ParksAct 1975, the Fisheries Act 1968, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 and the Crown Land (Reserves)Act 1978.
For a more detailed listing of International, National and State policies and legislation that affect marineand coastal parks see the Proposed Management Plan, Shallow Inlet Marine and Coastal Park (DCB 1990).
In December, 1991, the area of the Conservation Zone of the Bunurong Marine Park, including Cape Paterson, was reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 and added to Schedule Four of the National ParksAct 1975.
Other Influences
Regional and local governmentstrategies, and business enterprises that provide public utilities also affectthe Foreshore Reserve management. Adjacent_ landowners, community interest, specialist groups andrepresentative governmentbodies, which include the DNRE, alsointeract with and influencethe Council in planning and works undertaken within the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve.
1.6 PERIOD OF THE PLAN AND REVIEW MECHANISM
The plan has been prepared to help Council as the Committee of Management to plan for the next 5 years when a review will be required to update informationand Council's priorities and objectives. The process forthis review should be considered at that time.
It is also essenti.al that the responsible departmental officerannually revise the plan to enable urgent works to be shifted up the list and also to review the works and programs already carriedout to ensure they are effective and relevant.
1.7 PRIMARY MANAGEMENT AIMS
H:\home\Paul SmithlPLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _ 2.doc/06 May 2002 5 The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park Proposed Management Plan, Department of Natural Resources and Environment(DNRE) ( 1992), identifiesthe principal goals for management of the proposed Bunurong Coastal Park to conserve natural resources and to 1 allow forappropriate recreation, education and scientific research. 1 Broad management objectiveshave been developed for the Cape Paterson Foreshore l These objectives are: Encourage enjoyment, appreciation and understanding of the natural and cultural resources and recreational values of the Park by appropriate liaison, J interpretation and education Upgrade access tracks, incorporating viewing points. Protect and conserve marine and coastal systems to ensure their long-term I viability. Protect and conserveflora and faunaand ensure the maintenance of genetic diversity. I Allow natural ecological and environmental processes to continue. Protect depleted, threatened, rare, endangered, restricted or significant species populations and the critical habitats. I Protect and conservesites or featuresof geological, archaeological, historical �����- Provide fora range of recreational activities where this is compatible with I other objectives. Encourage participation of the communityin the management and care of the Park. I Seek to prevent, or minimise the effects of, any adverse impact on the Park arising fromexternal sources. Undertake and encourage survey, monitoring and research that add to existing I knowledge about the Park's natural or cultural resources and the environmental effectsof human activities. Allow sustainable resource uses only where they are not in conflictwith other I objectives and are consistent with government policy. Take reasonable measures to ensure safety and health risks are minimised. I
J
H:lhome\Paul Smilh\PLANSIFSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 6 1.8 PRIMARY MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES (As outlined in the PMPBM&CP, 1992)
1.8.1 Terrestrial Flora To conserve and rehabilitateindigenous florawith emphasis on the conservation of areas with particular botanical or wildlife habitat value. To protect the viability of a range of indigenous plant communities andspecies. To designate management areas and set aside an area(s) so that natural processes can continue with minimal human interference. To encourage, assist or undertakesurvey, monitoring and research programs that add to the existing knowledge of the flora and the effects of human activities. To minimise the impact of humans and their activities on the flora. To create an environmentaland visual bufferbetween the Marine Park and adjacent freeholdland. To control, where possible, environmental weeds which may significantlyalter the natural vegetation communities.
1.8.2 Terrestrial Fauna To protect and conserve indigenous fauna. To maintain or enhance the habitat in the area forindigenous fauna. To protect species of special biological interest and significantspecies. To minimise the impact of humans and their activities on fauna. To promote, assist or undertake survey, monitoring and research that adds to the existing knowledgeof the fauna and the effects of human activities.
1.8.3 Physical Resources To protect sites of geological and geomorphologic significance. To allow natural geomorphologicand hydrological processes to continue without undue interference. To promote and assist research on geology, geomorphologyand hydrology. To consider and minimise, where possible, effectsof predicted sea level rises resulting fromglobal warming caused by the greenhouse effect.
1.8.4 Landscape To protect or enhance landscape diversity and scenic quality. To minimise the visual impact of management activities, especially in or adjacent to the Sanctuary Zone.
H:lhome\Paul SmithlPLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN _2.doc/06 May 2002 7 To provide standardiseddesign guidelines within Bunurong to minimise the negative impacts of buildings, structures and facilitieson landscape values. To seek to minimise the impact ofdevelopment or changes in land use on adjacent freeholdland on the landscape values in Bunurong.
1.8.5 Cultural Resources J To preserve and protect sites and features ofKoorieand historical interest. To encourage survey and research into the Koorie and European historyofBunurong. To provide interpretive and educational informationon Koorie and early European 1 history. l 1.8.6 Recreation To provide fora range ofrecreational uses which are compatible with the conservation I objectives ofthe Park. To resolve conflictsbetween user groups and separate incompatible activities or assign I priority to coastal-dependent activities. To limit resource utilisation to levels that are sustainable. I To monitor visitor use and the impact ofrecreational activities. To provide informationand interpretation to the public on a range ofrecreational pursuits. I To provide for and encourage safe recreational opportunities. To ban use ofjet skis in waters adjacent to the Park. 1.8.7 Visitor Management I To provide visitor facilitieswhich minimise impacts on natural values and which are consistent with responsible environmentalpractices. I To provide forand encourage visitor safety. To encourage higher visitor usage in environmentally less sensitive areas. I To control or limit access to sensitive habitats or sites as appropriate.
1.8.8 Commercial Activities and Other Uses To prohibit furtherdevelopment of facilitiesor structures in Bunurong fornon management purposes, except in the Intensive Recreation management area. To minimise the impact ofactivities on natural resources and Park users. To allow appropriate coastal development, facilitiesand activities in the Intensive Recreation management area which demonstrate environmental and landscape sensitivity, and which are consistent with the objectives of the Park.
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANSIFSHOREICAPEPA TMAN_ 2.doc/06 May 2002 8 1.8.9 Adjacent Land Use To minimise the effectsof activities on adjacent land on the natural values of the Park To clearly definethe Park boundaries formanagement of both Crown and freeholdland. To encourage landowners to use land management techniques that minimise impacts on the natural values of the Park. To prevent encroachments onto and unauthorised uses of the Park by adjoining landowners. To ensure consistency of management betweenBunurong and adjacent reserves.
1.8.10 Public Informationand Education To informthe public of the natural and cultural resources ofBunurong and provide interpretation through the use of publications, signs and community education programs. To provide informationto visitors on facilities, permitted activities, regulations and hazards. To encourage the appropriate use of the Park. To encourage public involvement in the planning and management of the Park. To provide educational materials and programs forschools, community groups and the public.
1.8.11 Research and Monitoring To encourage research which will enhance our knowledge of environmental resources and processes. To conduct and promote scientific surveys which contribute to baseline information on the Park's resources. To undertake or facilitatemonitoring programs which assess environmental conditions and the impact of humans and their activities in the different management zones. To incorporate the results of research, survey and monitoring programs into future management of the park. To provide opportunities for volunteers to assist in survey and monitoring programs.
H:lhorne\Paul Smilh\PLANSIFSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 9 SECTION 2 RESOURCE CONSERVATION
2.1 NATIVE VEGETATION MANAGEMENT ] 2.1.1 Background l The Foreshore Reserve supports a diverse range of coastal vegetation communities(Map 6) reflecting the range of habitats resulting fromdifferences in exposure to environmental l conditions. The Foreshore Reserveincludes important remnants of coastal and dune vegetation which l would have extended furtherinland before European activity in the area. The once dominant heathland Community of this area is now restricted to remnant patches. Dune systems that were originally stable with indigenous grass communities I have experienced destabilisation through grazing andreestablished through the introduction of marram and other exotic grass. Other coastal vegetation communities such as; Heathlands, Coastal Tea-tree Communities, Coastal Shrub Land Communities, I Banksia Communities and Coastal Woodland Communitiesand their associated under stories are represented in this area. In some situations heathland Communities have I successfully achieved alternativevegetation communities and otherareas of heathlandare being invaded by alternativespecies. J Since European settlement most of the indigenous coastal plant communities atCape Paterson have been substantially modifiedby fire,grazing, trampling, clearing and J invasion by non-indigenous species. 2.1.2 Major Vegetation Communities
I The main plant communities have been identifiedin the Foreshore Reserve andare summarisedin Appendix 1 and shown on Map 6.
J A current species list for the Foreshore Reserve has been compiled by Sherry Collins and attached in Appendix 2.
2.1.3 Sites of Special Botanical Significance
The significance of the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve is recognised through the registrationof this area in the National Estate by the Australian Heritage Commission, and by inclusion within the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park.
H:\horne\PaulSrnilh\PLANSIFSHORE\CAPEPA TMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 10 2.1.4 Issues: (i) The continuing loss of heathland vegetation, lack of control/eradication of weeds andcontinued instability of the dune system are the main issues. Contributing factorsfor these conditions continue occur are: Heathland vegetation loss • invasion by non-heathland species • tramplingof vegetation through uncontrolled access • coastal erosion • grazing by rabbits. Weed invasion • lack of weed containment and removal • lack of removal of weed seed source Continued instability of the dune system • loss of indiginous vegetation that binds the sand and soils • uncontrolled public access on some primay dunes and clifffaces • control of grazing by rabbits • alteration to natural water flow patterns.
(ii) Appropriate methods forrevegetat ion and conservation should be utilised to achieve maximumbenefit of effort and resources.
2.1.5 Management
General The BunurongMarine and Coastal Park, Proposed Management Plan (1992) identifiesa number of strategies relevant to the management of (A-B):
2.1.5.1 Ecological burn management area (pp. 13) The information relating to ecological bum management has since been reconsidered in light of the information being gained through the study being carried out at Wilson Promontory National Park, 'Effectsof fire on growth and species diversity of heathland at Wilson Promontory National Park, Victoria: implications forman agement.' (1996)
The informationin the followingtable is based on information in draft formof 'Effects of fire on growth and species diversity of heathland at Wilson Promontory National Park, Victoria:implications formanagement.' (1996)
H:\home\Paul Smitl1\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 11 l Management Fire risk Uninvaded Burn on a 20- year frequencywith intense Moderate, combine invading species removal in the firstfive years walkingtracks and fire l after a burn. breaks Moderately invaded Remove invading species manually Moderate, combine walking tracksand fire 1 breaks Heavily invaded Allow the successive establishment of coastal tea High, intense firebreaks treecommunities and control environmental to be put in place I weeds.
2.1.5.2 Vegetation rehabilitation I • Prepare prescriptions for the conservation of vegetation, and for rehabilitation or regeneration, prior to undertaking management works. I • Encourage natural regeneration of native species in rehabilitation programs, for instance undertaking works on a seasonally pre-determinedbasis. Supplement as necessary with indigenous species by tube stock grown fromlocal provenance seed, I cuttings or otherplant propagates. • Weeds should be removed prior to initiating revegetation works and an ongoing program of weed controlundertaken until the indigenous species have become established. I • Coast Tea-treeshould not be used in revegetation or screening works in the Bunurong as this species has the potential to become virtuallya monoculturein many areas of the Foreshore Reserve. The relative vigor of this species may have been increased by I the reduced vigor of other indigenousspecies caused by activities such as grazing, clearing and spreading of weed species, and by reduced frequency of frrewhich may have previously partiallycontrolled the spread of Coast Tea-tree. Due to the small I area of remnant vegetation, other species and communities may become locally extinct if Coast Tea:treeis allowed or encouraged to spread unchecked.
J 2.1.5.3 Site Specific, ToeBCSC has developed the strategieslisted in Table 1; Pla, Plb, Plc, Pld, Ple, Plf, P2a, P2b, P2c, P3a, P3b, P3c,P3f,P3g, P3h, P4a, P4b, forthe J conservation/revegetation of the Foreshore Reserve. The areas are identified on Maps 1-4. Management techniques will require continual up-dating with the development of new methods of control.
H:ll!omc\Paul Smitl!\PLANSIFSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 12 2.2 NATIVE WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
2.2.1 Background
Thefollowing summary of faunaresources is derived mainly fromthe D.C.&E. (1992), unless otherwise indicated.
Cape Paterson foreshoreprovides a narrowstrip of mostly indigenous vegetation and habitat for faunain the area. All species records are fromdirect observation as no survey program involving trapping has been carried out. Two significant land-based mammalshave been recorded in the Bunurong. One is the Swamp Antechinus (Antechinus minimus) which is listed as vulnerable in Victoria and which inhabits wet heath, grassland and sedge communities. This species is known to occur froma road killfound between Cape Paterson and Inverloch. The second species is the Common Bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii) which is listed because of its colonial breeding and roosting habits. The Common Bent-wing Bat roost inthe coastal caves along the foreshore. Other mammals .known to occur are the Common Wombat (Vombutas ursinus), Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirusperegrinus) and Swamp Wallaby (Wallaby bicolor).
A diversity of birds, reptiles andinvertebrates also occur within the Cape Paterson foreshore. Theseanimals areimportant to the ecology of this area, and a formalsurvey of species presence is required.
Introducedspecies in the area include dog, cat, rabbit, fox and many species of birds. Therabbit causes erosion problems and changes in vegetation composition because of its foodand habitat preferences, dogs, cats and foxes cause environmental problems by directly killing native fauna. Introduced birds may successfully compete with native birds forboth habitat and food sources, thus indirectly reducing the numbers of some native birds and other fauna.
The survivalof native wildlifeis dependent on the conservation of suitable habitat areas with the deterioration of habitat affecting the survival of wildlife. As well as the loss of habitat areas wildlife cart also be threatened by introduced animals, visitor use, vehicle traffic and residential development.
The Cape Peterson Foreshore Reserve is a natural link between the conservation areas to the east and west and should be protected and enhanced.
2.2.2 Issues:
(i) Activities which involve theremoval or loss of habitat directly affect the survival of wildlife. (See Section 2.1, Native Vegetation).
(ii) Predation by dogs and cats is a particular problem for the native faunaof Cape Paterson foreshore as it is situated adjacent to the township. Feral animals would also have a high impact on the native fauna of this area. (See Section 3.3, Pest Animals)
(iii) The pressure of visitor use, especially uncontrolledaccess, can also threatenspecies.
2.2.3 Management (i) Through the correct management of vegetation and vermin, wildlife management will be achieved.
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(i) Prohibitdistu rbance or removal of rock, sand, soil, stone or other material 1 unless authorised for management purposes or research under permit. I (ii) Prohibit new structures in Bunurong forthe disposal of waste substances, including residential stormwater and sewage. 1 (iii) Establishment and regular inspection of signs, railings, viewing platformsetc. 2.4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES I 2.4.1 Background I Thefollowing information is taken from the 'Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park, Proposed ManagementPlan. ' (1992), andfrom information supplied by 'Aboriginal Affairs Victoria', 1997. I
The Koorie tribe known as the Bunurong occupied land from the WerribeeRiver, west of Melbourne,a narrow coastal strip along the Momington Peninsula, andall of the I Westernportcatchment as far as the TarwinRiver. The Bunurong tribeconsisted of smaller bands or clans, comprised of perhaps 20-40 individuals, which were usually an extended family and made the basic economic unit. Five clans of the Bunurong have been I identifiedwith particularareas ofBunurong territory.
The Yawenjerre clan's traditionally tribal area included that of the Bunurong Marine and I Coastal Park. This clan was not only associated with others of the Bunurong tribe and other tribes of the Kulin, but also with the Kumai. The Kumai lived to the east in South I Gippsland and spoke a completely different language to the Bunurong people, the two tribes usually being on unfriendly terms. The Yowenjerre clan, however, are believed to have had some trading and friendlyrelation s, including inter-tribal marriages, with two ] tribes of the Kumai, the Jatowarawara, to the south-east across the Tarwin River, and the Braiakaulung to the north-east. I The Yowenjerrelived, like almost all Aborigines, by hunting and gathering, frequently moving to harvestseasonally abundantresou rces. Inland camp sites in the Yowenjerre area are believed to have been uncommon. The scarcity of inlandcamps suggests that the Yowenjerre may have used these sites only during periodical walkabouts or as places of refuge.
Aboriginal AffairsVictoria holds records for two Aboriginal archaeological sites (Aboriginal AffairsVictoria 8020/22 and 8022/23) in the vicinity of the Cape Paterson Foreshore area, both of which are shell middens. At the time the site 8020/22 was recorded in 1976, cultural material was intermittently exposed across an areaof approximately250m x 50m, and site 8020/23 also had cultural material intermittently exposed in patches up to 15m wide. It should be emphasised that the dynamic nature of the coastal environment dictates the extent of Aboriginal cultural material exposed at the time of survey. It is therefore likely that the distributionof cultural material visible at the above sites would have changed since firstrecorded over 20 years ago and that further archaeological material may have become exposed in this area and at Cape Paterson generally.
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANSIFSHOREICAPEPATMAN _2.doc/06 May 2002 15 (ii) Education of adjoining residents.
2.3 GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY
2.3.1 Background
The followingsummary of geological and geomorphologic processes is derived mainly fromBird 1 (1977), unless otherwise indicated.
TheCape Paterson foreshore consist of two major lithic materials. The oldest is Cretaceous l sandstone and shale, fromthe First Surf Beach to the eastern end of the area of management, which was deposited between 95-120 millionyears ago. In areas exposed Cretaceous rocks have formedsteep, high headlands and cliffs,with littlevegetation covering the rock faces. Inthe lee l of headlands, small sandy beaches occur, with the adjacent bluffsbeing less steep and usually completely vegetated to the high tide mark. I The area fromthe First Surf Beach to the western end of the area of management is composed of the more recent Quaternarydeposits which are dominated by calcareous sands, which was deposited 1.5 million to 15,000 years ago. The combination of vigorous wind and wave action I combinedwith the effects of grazing, clearing and trampling of vegetation has resulted in lateral transgressions to arise in the dunes of the Second Surf Beach. The dunes are now stabilised through the establishment of indigenous and non-indigenous plant species (see Section 3.1, I Coastal Erosion). The soils at Cape Paterson are mainly sandy podsols, whichare stronglyacidic, and calcareous dune soils. Both soils have organic staining in the upper horizons and are prone to erosion. An I iron humus layer, commonly referredto as coffee-rock,occurs at depths of 30-60 cm and may impede drainage, causing seasonal water logging. Black coal, whichis uncommon in Victoria, occurs throughout the area and was first discovered in the region in 182 7. A deposit at Cape I Paterson was extractedbetween 1845 and 1887.
The intertidal rock platforms at Cape Paterson have arisen as a result of the normalweathering I and erosion processes affectingcoastal sediment formations,including wind, waves, wetting and drying, salt crystallizing, sea water solution, rainfalland runoff. These processes mainly operate above low tide level andare inhibited below specific intertidal levels thus accounting for the I almost horizontal shore platformsat Cape Paterson. 2.3.2 Issues
I (i) The significant featuresof the lithic materials and the extended subtidal rock platformsare a valuable resource foreducation, scientific study and for tourism. I They are presently underutilised forthese purposes. (ii) Providing and maintaining reasonable access to sites likely to be of public interest I presents some difficulties along the steep, high headlands and cliffs. (iii) Risk management of cliffs 2.3.3 Management
General
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2.5 EUROPEAN HISTORY 1
2.51 Background 1 George Smythe surveyed fromCape Paterson to Cape Liptrap in the years 1841-1856. A later survey of the area was undertaken by Navigation Lieutenant Stanly, assisted by I Messrs McKeugh and Norgate (Malone 1932). Wreckage of the Levan Lass, a wooden sailing boat lost in 1853, has been found at Cape I Paterson. The Templar Lass, also a wooden sailing boat which was lost in 1890, may also be in the vicinity of Cape Paterson. I In 1804 Lieutenants Robbins and Oxley were sent to Westernport but these officers reported that the area was unsuitable forsettlement. A military settlement was established at Settlement Point, near Corinella, in 1826 but was abandoned in 1828. Hovell, who 1 accompanied this party, traveled overland in 1827 from Settlement Point as far east as Shallow Inlet (possibly Anderson Inlet), naming Cape Paterson. He found coal seams at Cape Paterson and reported that 'I am induced to believe that about 15,000 to 20,000 I acres of tolerably fair land could be chosen, but the scarcity of water is so great at times ... we could barely get as much as was required forour own use' (Malone 1932). I I Between 1909 and 1968 coal extraction initiated the foundationof neighboring Wonthaggi township. The firsthouse/shack was built at Cape Paterson in the foreshoreof the Bay Beach area by the Legge family, afterhaving cut a trail fromWonthaggi through I the heathlands to this sheltered site. Horse and cart were the main formof transport and this scenic area rapidly becamethe home of many mining families. I 2.5.1 Issues:
(i) Historic sites are important in the understanding of the development of Cape Paterson.
(ii) Historic relics should be assessed to ensure that representative examples are I preserved.
2.5.3 Management of Sites
General:
(i) A record of sites of significanceand sites of interest should be establish. (ii) Interpretive records of site histories forareas of significanceor interest should be developed. (iii) Effortsshould be made to preserve sites identifiedas significantor of interest. I J
H:lhome\Paul Smith1PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 17 The coast between Cape Paterson and Kilcunda was surveyed between 1985 and 1987 as part of a field training session for archaeology students at La Trobe University. This survey did not locate any additional Aboriginal archaeological sites within the Cape Paterson Foreshore area. Finds in surrounding areas suggests that the area immediately behind the fordunes are significant. Such areas should thereforebe treated as I archaeological sensitive.
2.4.2 Issues
(i) It is important that archaeological sites are protected from threatening J processes such as: erosion, public access to beach areas, collectors, trampling, development of visitor facilities, and also some forms of weed control works l e.g. removal of undesirable trees using heavy machinery.. (ii) The foreshorearea, particularly the areasimmediately behind the foredunes, is 1 archaeological sensitive. (iii) Informationrelating to the Aboriginal cultural heritage values of the Cape Paterson Foreshore area (and Cape Paterson area) is some what outdated, and I requires furtherarchaeological investigation to up date the information. I 2.4.3 Management (i) Any proposals for development, including recreational facilities, should be referred to Aboriginal AffairsVictoria andthe local Aboriginal community for I comment. Such proposals should be referredprior to making any final decisions about site suitability, and it should be noted that the services of a I qualifiedarchaeologist may be required. (ii) A summary of previous archaeological work undertaken in the general locality, including referenceto site predictive models, expected site types as well as I past and present Aboriginal associations ( ethno history, contemporary interests). This informationshould be collated by a qualified archaeologist.
I (iii) Further archaeological investigation should be undertaken.
H:\home\Paul SmithlPLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_ 2.doc/06 May 2002 16 2. 6 LANDSCAPE l 2.6.1 Background The Cape Paterson foreshoreoffers a range ofnatural landscape encompassing rocky I cliffs, sandy beaches, extensive rock platforms, a waterfall, caves, diverse vegetation communitiesand spectacular view points. I In an area where extensive clearing ofland forgrazing and wood products has occurred in the past, the remnant vegetationand spectacular coastline at Cape Paterson enhance the natural attraction ofthe foreshore. The physical configurationof the Cape Paterson I foreshoreprovides a naturalscreen fromthe adjacent township, facilitating the unique opportunity forresidence to enjoy a remote experience. It is this experience that draws many tourists to Cape Paterson where they can enjoy the comfortsof civilization and 1 experience of the bush. I 2.6.2 Issues The landscape character of the foreshorecan be easily degraded by developments which are intrusive because of their location, design, size, car parking, toilets, raised walkways, I viewing platforms etc.
Clearing of vegetation and development on areas adjacentto the foreshore can also have I an impact on the landscape. This can include houses, commercial developments, and other buildings or facilities.
I 2.6.3 Management I General (i) To minimise the impact on the coastal landscape, only structures which depend upon a coastal location fortheir functionshould be constructed on the I foreshore. Wherever possible, structures should be situated inland.
(ii) The design and sighting principles developed for the Landscape Strategy Plan I and the Sighting and Design Guidelines forSmall Structureson the Coast should apply to new toilets and other buildings. It is recognised that the Landscape Strategy Plan focuseson private developments but that the I principles ofappropriate sighting, color, materials and landscaping around structures are also applicable to any Shire developments on the foreshore.
(iiii) Applications for development of private land adjacent to the foreshore will take into account the need to protect landscape values on the foreshoreand will be in accordance with the Shire's Landscape Strategy Plan. This will include design and sighting controls to minimise the impact of developments and will consider the size, color and materials used in constructionand the sighting of developments.
H:lhome\Paul Smilh\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 18 (v) The Shire will comment on development proposals by other authorities which may have an impact on the landscape quality of the foreshore (see 3.5 Adjacent Land Uses).
(iv) An assessment will be made of existing facilities on the Foreshore and where necessaryworks to improve the amenity will by undertaken.
(vi) Sites will be assessed for the develop of viewing platforms enhance sight seeing opportunities and reduce cliffrisk (see 4.9 Scenic Lookouts).
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 19 SECTION 3 FORESHORE PROTECTION
3.1 COASTAL EROSION
I 3.1.1 Background
Coastal erosion is a natural continual process which has contributed to the landscape of 1 Cape Paterson. In some areas it has been accelerated by the activities of humans. It becomes a problem when it threatensstructures, property, valued habitat, landscape 1 featuresand public access. Erosion problems of the Cape Paterson foreshorecan be categorized as; erosion of the primary andsecondary dune system principally to wind and wave action, erosion of the I lithic material of the Cretaceous headlands and cliffsdue to wind, ocean spray/splay, surfacewater run-offand traffic; erosion of access trails due to water run-offand traffic, and erosion of the creek banks due to water run-off(See; Vegetation Management 2.1 & I 3.2, Walking Tracks and Pedestrian Access 4.8).
In 1970's the destabilisation and retreat of the primary and secondarydunes of the Second I Surf Beach threatened to eliminate the sandy headland between the Second and First surf beaches and encroach upon the Cape Paterson township. The impact of grazing and I humantraffic in this area had resulted in the de-stabilisation and the acceleration of erosion in this area. Extensive Marram grass (Arnmophilaarenaria) plantings and I elimination of stocking in this area was undertaken to stabilise this area. 3.1.2 Issues
I (i) Preferenceto the use of indigenous plant species as a tool for erosion control rather than the exotic species e.g. Marram grass (Ammophila arenaria). I (ii) Erosion control structures may not act as control measures and may accelerate erosion or present new erosion problems.
(iii) Many human activities can accelerate the rate of erosion and protection of an area and sometimes requires control by restricting human activities. The restriction of human access may be controversial.
(iv) The establishment of monitoring systems to enable sound management decisions would be beneficial.
3.1.3 Management
General:
The Bunurong Marineand Coastal Park, Proposed Management Plan (1992) identifies the following strategy.
Erosion of sand dunes
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 20 • Soil and sand stabilisation east of Cape Paterson may only use indigenous species of local provenance.
• Stabilisation of sand dunes between Cape Paterson and Coal Point should preferentiallyuse Hairy Spinifex(Spinifex hirsuts) during the early stages of erosion caused by humanand animal impacts. Marramgrass (Ammophila arenaria) may be used where severe and threateningerosion occurs. Both primary stabilisers should be seeded initially with secondarystabilisers.
Site/Area Specific:
Referto Table 1, all priority allocations of Table One address control of erosion.
3.2 PEST PLANTS
3.2.1 Background Areas of the Foreshore Reserveare heavily infested with pest plants which threaten native plant communities and provide habitat forvermin. The shire has produced' A Spotter's Guide to Weeds of Bass Coast' which identifiessome of the Foreshore Reserve's weeds.
Many of the pest plants that have infested the Foreshore Reserve are garden plants which have either been deliberately planted, escaped fromgardens or have been dumped on the foreshore. The spread of introduced plants can also occur through wind, water, animals, vehicles and visitors. Once the weeds have been introduced to an area their competitive nature enables them to become quickly established, without appropriate management techniques, displacement of native plantsand faunahabitat results. The most significant pest plantsare listed in Appendix 3.
3.2.2 Issues
(i) Mass removal of weeds froma large area can leave the area susceptible to the infestationof alternativeweed species and other degrading processes (i.e. erosion).
(ii) The eradication of well established weeds as present at Cape Paterson is of high cost in terms of equipment required and labor expenditure and requires long term follow up to be successful.
(iii) The continued introduction of weeds to an area prevents the total elimination of weeds.
(iv) The setting of priorities for weed and target species is a major management concern.
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 21 3.2.4 Management l General: (i) Effortswill be made to prevent further infestationsof introduced plants by liaison with adjacent landowners to provide information and advice on the l hazard to the environment by planting/harboring pest species and methods of eradication.
I (i) The Committee of Management will encourage and support the involvement of community and volunteer groups in weed control in conjunctionwith I revegetation programs. (iii) The Committeeof Management in conjunction with the local authorities will direct landowners to remove pest plant species on their land in areas where l there is considered a significantthreat of infestationof the foreshore. I Site/Area Specific: Referto Table 1; Pla, Pih, Pie, Pld, Pie, Plf, P2a, P2b, P2c, P3a, P3b, P3c,P3f, P3g, I P3h, P4a, P4b.
I 3.3 PEST ANIMALS I 3.3.1 Background The major pest animals which threaten wildlifeof the Cape Paterson foreshore are; the dog; cat and foxwhich are predators of small local animals and; introduced birds and I rabbits directly compete with native animals for food, habitat and other resources. Pest animals are currently being monitoredby the DNRE and the Shire, controls are currently I being instigated. 3.3.2 Issues
) (i) The control of foxes and cats in the Foreshore Reserve, adjacent to the residential area, is inhibited due to the threat posed to domestic animals and I humans particularlyif poisoning and trapping is used. (ii) The affect of pest animals should be monitored to determine impact to aid with determination of appropriate management strategies.
3.3.3 Management
(i) Removal of introduced plantspecies that act as habitats favorableto the harboring of introduced animals (i.e. blackberries and foxes).
(ii) The responsible authority will enforcethe provision of the Companion Animal Act.
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 22 (iii) Informand educate the public of the impact of domestic cats and dogs on wildlife to encourage responsible pet ownership.
(iv) The responsible authority will undertake regular patrolsalong the Foreshore Reserve adjacent to subdivisions in an effort to minimise the incidence of roaming dogs and cats.
(v) Priorities for control programs forpest species will be given to areas where pest animals are a threat to native species.
(vi) DNRE will continue to monitor venninin this area, implementing Control Programs when required. Utilisation oflive trappings and active control (warrenripping and habitat removal) are utilised in this area to avoid control on non-target species.
3.4 FIRE MANAGEMENT
3.4.1 Background
Under the CountryFire Authority Act the Committee of Management is required to maintain Foreshore Reserves so that they do not constitute a high fire risk. Current vegetation communities present within the Foreshore Reserve would suggest that the frequenciesof firewithin this area has decreased since European settlement.
The last majorfire was in 19 * * in the area ofForeshore between the Illawong camping area and the foreshorearea adjacentto the Channel. Infrequent fuelreduction burninghas caused fuelbuild-up and changes to the vegetation and wildfireis likely to be intense. The current control strategies include the: presence of: Surf Beach Road between the foreshore andmajor portion ofthe township, the linear nature of the reserve, presence of various vehicle access tracks, maintained firebreaks and on site firestation. Additional measures should also be investigated and put in place.
The use of fire as a tool for maintaing natural vegetation communities needs to be considered. The draft 'Effectsof fire on growth and species diversity of the heathland at Wilson Promontory National Park, Victoria: implications for management'(Peter Attiwill 1996) makes recommendations on these issues andwill be utilised as a guide when considering the management ofheathland in this reserve. (See Section 2.1 Native Vegetation Management).
3.4.2 Issues
(i) There is concernamongst land owners that vegetation along the foreshoremay be a fire hazard to life and property.
(ii) To sustain the vigor, diversity and successional development of the reserves plant and animal communities by ecological burningshould be considered based on current and future research.
H:\horne\PaulSmith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 23 (iii) Protection of life and property faroutweighs the protection of plant and animal communities. The viability of ecological burns needs to be strongly scrutinised and the utilisation of alternativeplant and animal management l strategies should be utilised where ever possible. 1 3.4.3 Management General:
I (i) Fire restrictions will be adequately publicised and enforced. I (ii) The Committee ofManagement will liaise and co-operate with DNRE and the County Fire Authority andwill participatein Regional and Municipal Fire I Prevention Committees and CF A group and brigade meetings. (iii) Consideration will be given to undertaking controlledburning for ecological I purposes where appropriate. Site Specific:
I (i) Ecological burns, see Table 1 and vegetation management.
I 3.5 ADJACENTLAND USE I 3.5.1 Background There are three main categories ofland use adjacent to the Foreshore Reserve: residential, the Bunurong Coastal Park, (Parks Victoria managed), and the Bunurong Conservation ) Zone (Parks Victoria managed) as well as the commercial caravan park within the Foreshore Reserve(Committee ofManagement).
I Residential land use is the predominate terrestrialland use category forthe Foreshore Reserve accounting formost of the northernarea of the parks boundary, with the eastern and western margins ofthe reserve adjoin the Parks Victoria managed continuations of the I Bunurong Coastal Park.
Problems associated with the existing and residential developments include water I pollution via run-offand sewage, pest animals source, pest plants source and dumping of rubbish.
H:\home\PaulSnrith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 24 3.5.2 Issues
(i) The development of informalwalking tracks by camper, visitor and resident users contribute to the degradation of vegetation communities and accelerate erosion of tracks and cliffs.
(ii) Introduction of plant material and seeds provides a continuing source of new introduced species andre-introduction of species currently being controlled. (iii) Uncontrolled dog and cat activities threaten native wildlife.
(iv) Water run-offfrom adjacent areas can contribute to accelerated erosion, deposits of litter, contamination of water bodies, additional saturation of soils impacting on vegetation communities and wildlife, and unsightly drainage outlets along the beach front.
(v) Inappropriate development on adjacent lands candetract from the aesthetics and wildernessexperience values of the reserve.
3.5.3 Management
General:
(i) The Committee of Management will encourage and support community groups and landowners wishing to be involved in revegetation and weed control programs.
(ii) The Committee of Management will liaise with adjoining landowners with particular emphasis on protection of native vegetation, control of weeds.
(iii) The Committee of Management will implement interpretive material to increase public awareness and responsibility within the reserve.
(iv) The Committee of Managementwill enforcedog regulations.
(v) The Committee of Management will liaise with DNRE to ensure a co operative approach to management of the foreshorearea.
(vi) The Committee of Management will provide comment on any proposed development by other authorities which may have an impact on the foreshore.
'H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANSIFSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _2.doc/06 May 2002 25 3.6 REGULATIONSAND RESTRICTIONS
3.6.1 Background l The BCSC was appointed the management authority for theCape Paterson Foreshore 1 Reserve by the Minister forDNRE under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978. Table 2: Uses/Regulationsof the Cape Paterson Foreshore (Modifiedfrom the PMP BM&CP, 1992). 1 ACTIVITY Conditions of used Outlined in Table 3. 1 Recreation Walking and relaxing Yes 1 Camping No 2 I Picnicking Yes Assailing No Hand gliding and model planning No I Dogs Restrict 3 Horse riding No Seaweed collection Permit 4 I Collection of non-living shells Restrict 5 I Education and research Educationexcursions ( observational) Permit 6 I Research and authorised collection Permit 7 I Commercial Mining and exploration No I Buildings, structures Restrict 8 Other
I Depositing rubbish No Carrying firearms No Camp fires No 2 Removal of rocks, sand etc. No Cars, motor bikes and trailers Restrict 9 Collection of any other living floraand fauna No Collection of any other dead flora and fauna No
H:lhome\Paul Smilh\PLANSIFSHOREICAPEPATMAN_ 2.doc/06 May 2002 26 Table 3: Uses - Conditions
1 The public has complete access to the water, beach (i.e. non-vegetated area) and rock platformsbut must keep to definedpaths and other access or public areas in the TerrestrialZone.
2 Permitted only in the Cape Paterson caravanand camping grounds (Intensive Recreation management area).
3 Permitted on the followingconditions: in cars throughout the park; between Second Surf and the easternboundary. Dogs not in water must be on a leash and confined to access paths, car parks and the beach (i.e. non-vegetated area). Dog excrement must be removed. Dogs creating a nuisance may be removed by authorised staff.
4 Permitrequired for non-commercial collection of a maximum of lm cubed from Cape Paterson. Cars and trailers not permittedon beaches. Amenity clearing permitrequired by management authorities.
5 One litre container maximum per group per day.
6 A permit is required per visit to any one in the Park. Collection requires a separate permit.
7 Annual permit required.
8 Buildings and non-management structures allowed only in the Intensive Recreation management area. All buildings, structures, leases and concessions require BCSC and DNRE approval.
9 Permitted only in designated car parking and access routes. Cars with trailers may access the boat ramps and adjacent beach only when on and offloading boats.
3.6.2 Issues
(i) People may misuse the foreshoreif they are not informed in the proper use of the foreshore.
(iii) If the penalties for non-adherence to regulations are low, then they will not act as an effectivedeterrent.
3.6.3 Management
(i) The Relevant Authority will enforce the provisions of the Foreshore Regulations, Local Laws and all other regulations relevantto its management of the foreshore.
(ii) The responsible authority will undertake regular patrols along the fores4ore area to minimise incidence of roaming dogs and cats.
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 27 1 (iii) Information on the Foreshore Regulations relevant to the registration and control of domestic animals, permitrequirements foractivities on the 1 foreshore, firerestrictions and other relevant regulations/restrictions, should be included in rate notices and be readily available through the Civic Center and 1 other appropriate outlets. (iv) The Committee of Management will seek to amend the Regulations to enable Council local-law Officersto apply "on-the-spot" finesfor offenses where 1 appropriate and will investigate the need to increase fines. I (v) Committee of Management will liase with Natural Resources and Environment to direct land owners to remove pest plants and species from their land in areas I considered to be a significantproblem. (vi) The Regulations will be reviewed every fiveyears. I (v) The Committee of Management will develop 'pictorial' foreshoreregulation singe to replace and improve the current singe. I I I I I I
H:\home\Paul SmithlPLANSIFSHOREICAPEPATMAN _2 .doc/06 May 2002 28 SECTION 4 VISITOR USE PART A TOURISM
4.1 TOURISM 4.1.1 Background
Cape Paterson attracts large numbers of visitors from; surrounding towns and communities,residents of the Gippsland Valley areaand Melbourne. Most of the recreational activities pursued in Bunurong aremarine-related. The most common activity is observationalrock pooling, about 22 per cent of tourists visiting the rock platformsat some stage of their visit(Campbell et al. 1989). Other common activities include sunbathing and beach activities (20 per cent), swimming or surfing(18 per cent), and recreational angling(10 per cent). Although most visitors enjoy the scenery and views, only approximately 8 per cent specifically list this activity as one of the main reasons fortheir visit.
The Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve provides the only caravan/campingarea within the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park and this combined with visitors associated with the high proportion of holiday houses(> 50 %) results in a high influxof visitation to this area during the summer season and on weekends. A steady increase in cars and visitors to Bunurong has been recorded on the road connecting Cape Paterson to Inverloch in the past decade. In 1985 the Shire ofWoorayl recorded up to 4,000 cars per week in peak visitor periods and 2,300 cars per week in off-peak periods. In 1988, 1,600-2,400 cars per day were recorded in this area in summer (Campbell et al. 1989).
4.1.2 Issues
(i) The Foreshore Reserve is the main area of intense visitor usage within the Bunurong. This has significantenvironmental impact, management in this area has to cater forvisitor usage whilst maintaining the integrity of the environment.
(ii) Promotion of this area needs to focuson the natural environment ofthis area.
(iii) Education is required. By ensuring that visitors are familiarwith the ecological importance, and are educated ofthe appropriate activities, encouraging user responsibility could be achieved.
(iii) Cape Paterson's location and natural featureslends the area to being a major attraction to holiday makers from; Victoria, interstate and internationally. Cape Paterson is situated in a site linking it with other tourist center including Phillip Island, Wilson's Promontory, Lakes Entrance and Mallacoota. With the appropriate promotional activities, Cape Paterson could become a major tourist attraction of Victoria. • Would the Cape Paterson Foreshore cope with the associated pressures of increased visitation? • Would increased visitation threaten the atmosphere that makes Cape Paterson so attractive?
H:\horne\PaulSrnith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 29 4.1.3 Management l General: (i) Tourism promotion should concentrate on the significanceof the natural 1 environment of this area that has lead to the high conservation reservation of the Bunurong including the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve. l (ii) The Committee of Management e will liaise with bodies preparing promotional material where appropriate. l (iii) Visitor facilitieswill be maintained in the appropriate manner. (iv) An integrated and consistent sign program should be prepared by the Shire in I conjunction with VicRoads, identifyingCape Paterson as anintegrated part of the Bunurong and the BCSC.
I (v) Access fordisabled visitors will be provided where practical and where the facilitieswill not effectthe environment.
I (vi) Informationon the CapePaterson Foreshore, including centers available, access and regulations will be readily available at the informationcenters at W onthaggi and Inverloch and other outlets and will be revised and updated as I necessary to provide accurate and appropriate information. I Site Specific:
(i) Interpretationsigns and informationboards will be provided at specific I locations. (See Section 4.2, Visitor Informationand Education). I 4.2 VISITOR INFORMATION AND EDUCATION 4.2.1 Background
The Cape Paterson Foreshore provides opportunities for environmental education and the promotion of the natural resources of the Bunurong.
Regular users of the foreshorearea include local residents and school groups, owners of holiday houses, campers, Field Naturalist Clubs, Cape Paterson Surf LifeSavers, Wonthaggi Royal LifeSavers, South Gippsland Conservation Society, and South Gippsland BoardRiders.
The Bunurong draft Management Plan recognised the importance of education in helping to protect the environment.
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 30 4.2.2 Issues
(i) There is a need foreducation and the promotion of natural resource conservation to protect the environmentof the foreshore.
4.2.3 Management
General:
(i) The Committee of Management will develop interpretive documentation and signage for the Foreshore Reserve.
(ii) Information of the Foreshore Reserve, including facilitiesava ilable, access and regulations relevant to use of the foreshore will be readily available through the Wonthaggi and Inverloch information centers and other outlets.
(iii) Informationwill be updated and revised as necessary to provide accurate and appropriate information for visitors.
(iv) An integrated and consistent signs program should be prepared by the Shire in conjunction with VicRoads.
Specific
(i) Informationboards and interpretive signs will be constructed at the following locations to provide information about the surrounding area and features of interest (see Map 6.):
Informationboards: • Undertow Bay Observation Point • The Channel Beach • First Surf Beach • Boat Ramp
Interpretive signs: • Second Surf Beach • Undertow Bay Beach • The Channel Observation Point • Entrance of all access roads • Along the walking tracks for examples of various vegetation communities • Hazard signs in appropriate areas (i.e. clifftops and bases where falling rock may be a hazard, strong current, etc.)
(ii) Information sheets will be prepared for visitors on walking tracks along the foreshore.
(iii) Informationsheets will be prepared on the native floraand fauna, geology and history.
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.docl06 May 2002 31 1 4.3 VISITORFACILITIES AND SERVICES
1 4.3.l Background The Cape Paterson Foreshore currently has many visitor facilities including; 1 accommodation, public toilets, access paths androads, car parking, a boat ramp and rubbish bins. High visitor usage has had significant environmental impact in this area and 1 rationalisation of boundaries, uses, andmanagement practices is necessary. There are two LifeSaving Clubs at Cape Paterson. The Royal Life Savers located at the Bay Beach and the SurfLife Savers located the First SurfBeach. The Surf Life Savers I currently lease the area ofland where their club house is located. Both organisations compete well in state completion and provide a valuable public services to the residents I and visitors to Cape Paterson. Public utilities in the area include power and telephone lines, fireplugs, gas cylinders (servicing the camping areas) andstormwater and sewage outlets. Some ofthese services I are both visually obtrusive and environmentally damaging andmost were installed without real consideration ofalternative loc ations, long-term environmental impact and I maintenance requirements. I 4.3.2 Issues (i) Inappropriate location and design of service facilitiescan cause erosion, damage coastal vegetation and habitat andhave an adverse impact ·on landscape amenitywhich may adversely effectt he experience ofthe visitor. It I can also cause social conflicts in areas where there are competing recreational demands or overcrowding.
I (ii) Poorly maintained facilitiescan detract from the 'experience' ofvisitors. I 4.3.4 Management I General: (i) Allowances should be made forappropriate development, facilities and activities which demonstrate environmental and landscape sensitivity and which are consistent with the objectives of the reserve.
(ii) The local community will be informed and consulted about any major development.
(iii) Effortsshould be made to reduce the visual impact of existing structures.
(iv) The protection ofcoastal vegetation, habitat andlandscape amenity will have high priority in the sighting and design of new facilities. The design and sighting principles developed for the Landscape Strategy Plan and Design Guidelines for Small Structures on the Coast will apply to new facilities (see 2.6 Landscape).
H:lhomelJ>aul SmithlJ>LANSIFSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 32 (v) Facilities should be maintained to a high standard and regular assessments should be made of existing facilities on the foreshore, and where necessary, works to improve the amenities will be undertaken.
(vii) When developing new facilities, consideration will be given to incorporating features into the design which would improve access forvis itors with disabilities. (viii) Informationon facilitieson the foreshorewill be readily available.
Site/ Facilities Specific:
(i) Signs
Aninteg rated and consistent signs program should be prepared by the Shire in conjunction with VicRoads. The signs program should incorporate a symbol or style which would be unique to the BCSC and would be identifiedby visitors. Sign posting should indicate:
• Parking andno-standing area • Disabled parking (where provided) • Direction of parking area frommain access road • Name of beach or foreshore area • Distance to beach if over 550m • Interpretive facilities (where applicable) • Restricted areasfor revegetation, dune stabilising, wildlifehabitat etc. • Foreshore bylaws/regulations, preferably with symbols • The existing beach numbering system foremerge ncies with identificationbeaches by number will be maintained and promoted.
Signs will be maintained/erectedat the appropriatelocations warningof the possible dangers to visitors. (See Section 4.2.3 andMap 6 forsome locations).
(iv) Non-swinuµing areas designated and signed 30 meters either side of the boat ramp. (See Map 6 forlocations).
(v) Toilet facilitiesand change rooms will be provided at the Bay Beach and the First Surf Beach. Externalshowers at the Bay Beach will be provided. (See Map 6 for locations).
(vi) Rubbish disposal facilitieswill be placed to allow foreasy access by users and collectors and will be provided at the major car park locations with over 20 cars. They will be constructed to minimise vandalism and intrusion by animals and to discourage use for domestic rubbish. (See Map 6 for locations). The s located on the Bay Beach sand area should be removed with appropriate bins being placed within the Bay Beach Park. 'Take Home' practices will be encouraged forlitter through visitor education.
H:\home\PaulSmiU1\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 33 l 4.4. CAMPING AND CARA VAN/NG 1 4.4.1 Background Cape Paterson is a popular destination forholiday makers from South Gippsland, 1 Gippsland and Melbourne. The threecamping and caravaning areas (Illawong, Kywong and Orana) at Cape Paterson is a traditional activity formany visitors and one which offers low cost accommodation. These camp grounds are the only areas where campingis I allowed within Bunurong. Camping outside this designated area is prohibited. (See Map 6 for locations).
I These camping areas are subject to high seasonal use and quiet offseason usage.
4.4.2 Issues
(i) Camping and caravaning is a popular activity on the Cape Paterson Foreshore and the location of the camping ground is highly desirable to visitors, but is in I conflict with governmentpolicy that only activities which rely on a coastal location should be permittedon Foreshore Reserves.
I (ii) The location of camping grounds on the foreshore can alienate areas of the beach from the general public.
I (iii) Camping on the foreshorecan result in erosion and damageto native vegetation.
I (iv) Runoff and effluent disposalproblems fromcamping grounds can pollute the foreshore and adjacent waters.
I (v) Visitor facilitieswhich require day-to-day servicing take time and money to maintain anddo not encourage visitors to assist in conserving the environment they are enjoying.
4.4.3 Management
General:
(i) Some of the camping sites on the Foreshore Reserve are located very close to the beach and have an adverse impact on the landscape amenity of the foreshore and can be intrusive to other users of the beach. These sites will be removed from the immediate beach environment (see Table 1, P2a & P2b).
(ii) No new camping or caravaning facilities will be permitted within the Foreshore.
(iii) Camping and campfires will generally continue to be prohibited within the Foreshore. The main beach area will be adequately signposted.
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.dod06 May 2002 34 PARTB RECREATION
4.5 SWIMMING/SURF/NG
18% of visitors regard swimming/surfingas the main reason forvisits to the Bunurong (Campbell et al. 1989). The Foreshore Reserve offers a diversity of opportunities for swimming and surfingranging from the vigorous Second Surf Beach to the calm protected waters of the Bay Beach. All of this coastline experiences severe rips at times particularly Undertow Bay, and man of these beaches regularly experience strong surf.
The major swimming areas arethe Bay Beach and the First Surf Beach. The Wonthaggi Royal and Surf Life Saving Clubs are respectively located at these beaches and patrol areas during summer.
4.5.2 Issues
(i) The provision of toilets and changing facilitiesis desirable at popular swunmmg areas.
(ii) The maintenance and design of buildings needs to be of minimal environmental impact.
(iii) Swimmers and surfers need to be aware of ocean conditions and where 'safe' swimming areas are and where andwhen beaches are patrolled.
(iv) Users need to be aware of their impact on the environment Interpretive material will be placed to increase awareness and user responsibility.
Site Specific:
(i) Undertow Bay and the Second SurfBeach should be signposted to advise swimmers of dangerous conditions.
(ii) Access to and information about areas providing opportunities for swimming and surfing will be maintained or established where appropriate (see Section 4.2, Visitor Informationand Education).
(iii) Support forthe two Life Saving Clubs needs to be provided to ensure the provision of adequate lifesaving patrols.
H:\home\Paul Srnitl1\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 35 4.6 COMPANION DOGS 1 4.6.1 Background A popular activity forvisitors and residents along the foreshoreis walking their dogs. 1 The Shire enforcesrestrictions on the time of year that dogs are permitted. Current restrictions are enforcedbetween firstof December and the 30th of April. This informationis conveyed to the public through on site signs and general Council I informationoutlets. Dogs are permitted on the following conditions; dogs not in water must be on a leash and l confinedto access paths, car parks and the beach (i.e. non-vegetated area). Dog excrement must be removed. Dogs creating a nuisance may be removed by authorised I staff. 4.6.2 Issues
1 (i) Many visitors and residents value the companionship of their dogs highly and walking dogs along the foreshoreis an important recreational activity to them.
I (ii) Domestic dogs can threaten wildlifeon the foreshore.
(iii) Dogs can frighten or annoy other visitors to the foreshore. Dogs which are left I uncontrolled on the beach while owners are in the water are a particular problem.
I (iv) Gazetting of consistent restrictions through out the Bass Coast Shire Council would enable more effectivepromotion and enforcement.
I 4.6.4 Management I General: (i) The Shire will enforceregulations requiring that all dogs over six months must I be registered. (ii) Dogs must be under control at all times, in accordance with the Dog Act 1970.
(iii) Guide dogs accompanying a blind person will be permitted in areas where dogs are normallyprohibited.
(iv) The local laws Officerswill undertake regular patrols along the foreshore areas adjacent to subdivisions in an effort to minimise the incidence of roaming dogs.
(v) The Shire will prepare an information sheet on dog restrictions and the responsibilities of dog owners.
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANSIFSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 36 4.7 BOATING
4.7.1 Background
The Cape Paterson boat ramp is a foreshore ramp accessing the Bass Straight. The ramp experiences moderate utilisation, experiencing an average of 3 boats a day on days with suitable conditions and a maximum recording of24 users duringa single day duringthe 1996/97 summer season. The ramp is predominantly utilised by all year round by anglers from the local area. The majority of users ofthis ramp feel that the car parking at this site is adequate and well maintained and the conditions ofthe ramp limits use to high tide launches only. The winch located has been a valuable asset for users ofthis ramp. Launching and retrieval delays are experienced at this site during summer, the ramp meets demand during the winter months. The predominant users of this ramp are locals. Whilst their is a sign to the ramp fromthe Surf Beach road users felt that the sinage of the actual ramp and parking area could be improved (Bass Coast Shire Council, 1997).
4.7.2 Issues
(i) The ramp was never completed and currently launches onto a rock platform rather than into the deeper channels furtherout.
(ii) The extension ofthe ramp would be very costly.
(iii) The impact of completing the ramp conflictswith DNRE objectives ofthe Bunurong Coastal Park.
4. 7 PLAY EQUIPMENT
4.7.1 Background
Their are currentlytwo parkswith play equipment located within the Foreshore Reserve. One is situated within the Bay Beach Parkland and the other is associated with the Illawong Caravan Park.
4.7.2 Issues
(i) The existing play equipment is inadequate and possible unsafe.
(ii) Play equipment in the Illawong Caravan Park area limits public use of this area, and is situated across the road fromthe Allan Birt Reserve with public toilets, B.B.Q. and facilities.
(iii) The play equipment requires appropriate planningand regular maintenance.
H:\home\PaulSmith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 37 4.7.3 Management/ Site Specific
(i) Continued maintenance and enhancement of the Bay Beach Parkland play equipment.
1 (ii) Relocation and redevelopment of the Illawong play equipment to the AllanBirt 1 Park. PART C ACCESS I I 4.8 VEHICLE ACCESS AND CAR PARKING 4.8.1 Background I Vehicle access throughout the Cape Paterson Foreshore with the exception of the Second Surf Beach access road is adequate with sealed access road and car parks located I throughout. The Second Surf Beach remains an unsealed road and car park. Four car parks exist in the Foreshore Reserve, these being located at the: Second Surf Beach, First Surf Beach, Boat Ramp and offthe Surf Beach Road adjacentto the Bay I Beach (see Map 6 forlocations). Anadditional area of road side parking outside of our area of management is also located offthe Cape Paterson/InverlochForeshore Road adjacent to Undertow Bay. These parking areas are adequate during the off-season, and I generally cater for the increased usage during the summer season. With the majority of residence andovernight visitors being located within walking distance of the beach, car parking mainly caters forday visitors. The short duration where parking is inadequate in I this area is not sufficientto warrant the extension of car parking areas and further encroachment on the vegetation communities surrounding them.
J 4.8.2 Issues
(i) It is essential that car parking areas are provided to allow visitor access to the foreshoreand to protect the environment.
(ii) Badly designed and sighted roads and car parks can be expensive to maintain, can damage the environment and can be a safetyhazard when they impede trafficflow.
(iii) Uncontrolled access from car parks and roads can damage the coastal environmentby destroying protective vegetation and causing erosion.
(iv) Where car parking areas are insufficientto meet demands, overflowof parking onto nearby residential streets can have an adverse impact on residents.
H:\home\Paul Snlilh\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 38 4.8.3 Management
(i) New car parks should not be developed within the Foreshore Reserve.
(ii) The Second Surf Beach car park and access road should be defined and sealed, with speed humps to deter unsafe driving in this area.
(iii) Existing access roads and carparks should be maintained.
(iv) Location of car parks should be identifiable from the Surf Beach Road.
(v) Access to the Surf LifesavingClub, beyond the First Surf Beach car park to be restricted to management vehicles only.
(vi) Speed restrictions should be enforced within the Cape Paterson Foreshore.
4.9 WALKING TRACKS AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
4.9.1 Background
Walking along the Foreshore Reserve is a popular activity all year round. The coastline offers a variety of experiences forwalking, including; steep cliffs,sandy beaches, extended rock platforms, caves and a waterfall. Walking tracks are scattered along the Foreshore Reserve.
4.9.2 Issues
(i) It is important to provide a range of walking experiences. The appropriate level of development of walking tracks is an issue.
(ii) Inappropriate sighting and design of walking tracks and indiscriminate access across the foreshorecan cause erosion, affect the habitat of wildlife and cause other damage to the environment. Fences can reduce landscape values.
(iii) Inappropriateuse of walking tracks can present potential hazardous situations.
(iv) Walking tracks provide ideal sites forinterpretive signs and information.
4.9.3 Management
(i) The sighting, design and maintenance of walking tracks and pedestrian access will aim to minimise the impact on the environment and will be in consultation with DNRE and local residents.
(ii) The Committee of Management will monitor the condition of walking tracks and pedestrian access with the aim of maintaining an appropriate standard and to minimise impact on the environment.
(iii) Walking tracks will be appropriately signposted.
H:\home\Paul Smi!h\PLANSIFSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _2.doc/06 May 2002 39 4.10 SCENIC LOOKOUTS
4.10.1 Background
There are fourscenic lookouts along the Foreshore Reserve, one being located at the 1 Second SurfBeach, one at the First SurfBeach andtwo on the cliffsadjacent to the Channel. These lookouts offer a range oflandscape settings and discourage pedestrians l fromtrampling the fragileand unstable cliffedge. The provision of specified scenic lookouts along the foreshoreprovides visitors with the opportunity to view the coastal landscape. Surfers and fishermenin particular use 1 lookouts to ascertain local conditions. All the established lookouts withinthe Foreshore Reserve are minimum requirement facilities, consistingof viewing platformswhich are 1 incorporated into stairway access at some beaches. 4.10.2 Issues
l (i) The current lookout are underdeveloped, causing clifferosion and are a danger to users.
(ii) Scenic lookouts provide a focusfor sightseeing and for interpretation oflocal conditions and should be accessible to a range of visitors.
(iii) It is important that scenic lookouts and any associated facilities are sensitively located and designed so that they do not have an adverse impact on the natural I envirorunentand landscape quality. 4.10.3 Management
I (i) The development of scenic lookouts will be at locations where they are not intrusive on the surrounding landscape or other natural features and where suitable access can be provided. Such an assessment should be undertaken by I persons with landscape expertise. I (ii) When developing stairways or other pedestrian access to the foreshore, consideration will be given to including viewpoints along the stairway or walking track.
H:\honie\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 40 4.11 SAFETY ACCESS FOR VISITORS WITH DISABILITIES
4.11.1 Background
The Foreshore Reserveprovides people with disabilities or mobility problems opportunities to enjoy the coastal enviromnent. The Boat Ramp·Beach is easily accessible by vehicle but there is scope to improve available access by providing specially designed tracks, ramps, and toilet facilities where appropriate. Informationfacili ties will also enhance opportunities fordisabled visitors.
Currentlyfacilities are available at the First Surf Beach coastal lookout, though this access should be upgraded.
4.11.2 Issues
Opportunities forpeople with disabilities or limited mobility to enjoy the Foreshore Reserve areas of Cape Paterson are limited by the unavailability of suitable facilitiesand access.
4.11.3 Management
General:
(i) When developing any new visitor facilities, including access tracks, and viewing areas, consideration will be given to incorporating features into the design which would improve access forvisitors with disabilities.
(ii) Interpretivematerial and publications should include information on sites where suitable access is available.
Site specific:
(i) Wheel chair access will be investigated at the First Surf Beach and The Bay Beach.
PART D PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY
4.12 PUBLIC HEAL TH AND SAFETY
4.12.1 Background
There are a number of potential dangers and risks to people visiting the Fore shore Reserve. The ocean beaches frontingBass Strait are well known forrugged surf and rips which can be dangerous. Other hazards which may occur include steep clifffaces, broken glass on beaches, drowning (in all sea conditions), and fire. Young children and others may also become lost and on occasions such as New Years Eve, accidents or injuries may occur where large numbers of people gather. There can also be public health issues associated with the use of the foreshore such as water quality and sewerage out-fall areas.
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANSIFSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 41 Authorities can take measures to increase public safetyto minimise the danger to visitors and public education and awareness can also reduce risks.
A number of authorities are involved in public safetyon the foreshore. These include: the l Police; State Emergency Service; Surf Life Savers; Bay Life Savers, DNRE; Country Fire Authority; and Council (Local Law OfficersOfficer). 1 The Bass Coast Shire Counter Municipal Emergency Management Plan (July 1996) aims to ensure an effective and coordinated response to any emergency. The Plan identifies possible threats to people and provides details on: contact; the emergency operations 1 centers; evacuation centers; and combat authorities and support authorities. The Plan also incorporates a Medical, Health Welfare Plan which provides forthe mobilisation and co ordination of health and medical resources to counter the effectof a disaster or major 1 accident. I 4.12.2 Issues: Some visitors to Cape Paterson undertake activities which may have inherent dangers or 1 hazardous conditions. 4.12.3 Management
J General:
(i) A system of identifying beaches by number as well as name should be I established and promoted to provide quick identification.
(ii) Interpretivematerial will include information on visitor safety. Standardised I sign symbols should be used (see section 4.2, Visitor information and education).
I (iii) Roads and car parks should be designed to minimise congestion to allow unimpeded access by emergency vehicles.
(iv) Visitor facilitiesand access will be sighted and designed to minimise the potential hazard to visitors.
(v) Local officerswill regularly patrol the foreshore, particularly at times of high visitor use.
(vi) Shire officers will maintain a close liaison with search and rescue groups.
(vii) Any permits forcommercial operations and other users of the foreshore that service the public will include conditions to ensure safepractices.
(viii) Regularinspection assessing public risk should be carried out on a regular basis.
Site Specific:
H:\horne\Paul Srnith\PLANSIFSHOREICAPEPATMAN _ 2.doc/06 May 2002 42 (i) Signs will be erected and maintained at appropriate locations warningof the possible dangers to visitors.
(ii) The patrolled areas of the First Surf Beach and the Bay Beach will be promoted as the most suitable and safest beaches forsurfing/swimming.
(iii) The Shire will support the LifeSaving Clubs in the provision of adequate patrols.
(iv) Walking trails and signs to some areas should be upgraded to improve visitor access and safety.
SECTION 5 AUTHORISED USES
5.1 COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES
5.1.1 Background
Commercial activities referto those businesses which offer recreational activities or instruction courses, or which sell or hire goods or services for profitor gain.
The intensive recreation management area of the Foreshore Reserve has been designated to allow commercial activities associated with camping and caravan accommodation to continue. In addition, other facilitiesmay be considered to allow for high intensity visitor use. The camping area is located on Crown land but, due to the pressure and intensity of use, conservation values have been modified. There are many issues associated with the caravan park and surrounding areas which require resolution.
Concessional leases and permits, such as non-commercial seaweed harvesting, may be requested for.
All applications forlicenses, leases and permits will require individual assessment and any service or activity which conflicts with the objectives of the park will not be permitted. All applicants will be required to demonstrate high environmental standards, and preferably, educational or service value. New and existing lease holders will be required to submit business plans.
Low intensity users such as guided bush walking and organized educational programs may require some control to ensure that the number of participants do not destroy what they are enjoying.
The n�rrow coastal strip is also used fora variety of public utilities including fire plugs, storm-water and sewerage lines, and phone cables. These facilitiesusually require only occasional maintenance which should be sensitively carried out in consultation with DNRE. Beforebeing considered, any proposals fornew facilities will need to
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 43 demonstrate that they cannot be located elsewhere outside the Foreshore Reserve and if approved they will need to meet the same criteria as other lease and permit applications.
1 5.1.2 Issues
(i) Commercial activities on the Foreshore Reserve must be controlled to avoid I conflict with other users and to protect the environment.
(ii) Visitor safetyis an important consideration when assessing permits for commercial activities on the Foreshore Reserve. J 5.1.3 Management (i) A written permit fromthe Committee of Managementwill be required forall I commercial activities on the Foreshore Reserve. Permitswill specifythe activity and equipment to be used; the area to be used; any seasonal or time restrictions on the activity; public liability insurance; conditions relevant to I public safetyand other conditions as appropriate.
(ii) A tender system will apply in areas where there is more than one operator 1 seeking to use the same area or where only a restrictednumber of licenses in an area are to be granted.
I (iii) Beach vendors will not be permitted on the foreshore.
(iv) The Committee of Management will monitor and control commercial activities I to ensure that permit conditions areadhered to and to prevent any adverse environmental or social impact. Permits will be revoked if the operator does not comply with the permit conditions. It may be necessary to limit the number I of operators.
(v) No new permanent structures for commercial activities will be permitted to be I constructed on the foreshore.
(vi) Commercial activities will be subject to the same regulations and restrictions as ) the general public.
H:\horne\Paul SmithlPLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_ 2.doc/06 May 2002 44 5.2 ORGANISED EVENTS
5.2.1 Background
The Foreshore Reserve has been used as the site forthe staging of various events such as local surf board riding competitions and surf lifesaving. Other organised events which are non competitive may include events such as New Years Eve festivaland events held in the Old Cape Paterson Hall in the Bay Beach Park.
5.2.2 Issues
(i) Organised events on the foreshoremust be controlled to avoid/minimise the conflict with other users.
(ii) Organisers of any event should have public safetyas a high priority for participants and other users of the foreshore.
(iii) Events must be assessed/organised to ensure protection of the foreshore environment.
5.2.3 Management
(i) A written permit fromthe Committee of Managementwill be required for all events (competitive and non-competitive) within the Foreshore Reserve. Permitswill specifythe activity, date and the time, duration, start/finish, equipment to be used, the area involved, safetyprecautions relevant to public safety and other conditions as appropriate. For example, a bond may be required to cover repairs to the foreshore, collection of litter, removal of signs etc. afterthe event.
(ii) The Committee of Managementwill monitor events to ensure that permit conditions are adhered to and to prevent any adverse environmental or social impacts. Permitswill be revoked if the organisers do not comply with the permit conditions. It may be necessary to limit thenumber of events in high use areas.
(iii) Event organisers will be subject to the same regulations and restrictions as the general public.
H:\home\PaulSmith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 45 1
1 SECTION 6 MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION
6.1 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES/ OTHER ORGAN/SA TIONS
1 6.1.1 Background
The BCSC is the Committee of Management responsible forday to day management of l Crown Land Foreshore Reserve at Cape Paterson. The Committee was appointed as the management authority by the Minister forDNRE under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978. Map 5 indicates the areaalong the foreshore managed by the Committee of l Management.
The Department of Natural Resources is also responsible formanagement and I enforcement programs of fisheriesand wildlifesources andfor the conservation of wildlife.
J The Environment Protection Authorityis the body responsible forcontrol of pollution ..
The Minister forTransport is responsible forboating controls and standards (Marine I Board) and forallocating fundsfor the development of boating facilities(State Boating Council).
I 6.1.2 Issues I (i) In 1985 an evaluation was undertaken of Victorian foreshorereserve committees of management. This review concluded that committees of management generally are satisfactorymeans of managing coastal reserves but I that the level of funding and government support restricts their effectiveness. The review also foundthat rationalisation of the number of committees and J their responsibilities was desirable (WesternPort Bay Strategy 1991). (ii) Management of the Foreshore Reserve is expensive, especially with regard to the areas of pest plants, erosion control works and litter prevention. Currently there is concern about the Shires ability to service the level of fundingrequired to carry out essential works (see Section 9 Financial Resources). I (iii) The VictorianCoastal Council is currently undertaking a review of the management arrangements for coastal areas and the results, ·which are expected ' to effect this section of coastline is due out in late 1997 6.1.3 Management
(i) The Committeeof Management will seek to implement the strategies out-lined in this document.
(ii) The Committee of Management will develop an annualmain tenanceprogram to ensure that all site specificworks are maintained in an appropriate manner.
H:\home\PaulSmith\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN __2.doc/06 May 2002 46 (iii) The Committee of Management will review the site specific programs to ensure relevance to current needs.
(iv) A public consultation process will be devised forall developments of the foreshore.
6.2 VOLUNTEER WORK/COMMUNITYGROUPS
6.2.1 Background
Cape Paterson has a number of community groups and there is diversity of groups involved in the management of the foreshore and/or make use of the Reserve. These include, Field Naturalist Clubs, Cape Paterson Surf Life Savers, Wonthaggi Royal Life Savers, South Gippsland Conservation Society, South Gippsland Board Riders and the Freinds of Wonthaggi Heathland Reserve.
Many of these groups areinterested in being involved in ground management of the foreshore. This may involve work such as rubbish cleanups, walking track construction and maintenance, revegetation and weed control, surveys and monitoring and research projects. Members of the public out-side these groups have expressed interest in being involved in and establishment of 'Friends Of type groups active in weed control and revegetation works.
Educational institutions have also shown interest in being involved in the area because of its compact size with a variety of coastal formsand plant communities.
6.2.2 Issues
(i) Maintenance of the Foreshore Reserve is costly and labor intensive and volunteer groups can provide valuable assistance in management of the area.
(ii) If the projects for volunteer groups are not properly planned and supervised, volunteer groups may not derive satisfaction and the works carried out may not be consistent with the management objectives of the Foreshore Reserve or be undertakenin the appropriate manner.
(iii) The involvement of community groups in foreshoreprojects helps to create community awareness and understanding about management of the foreshore.
(iv) The ongoing maintenance of volunteer group works must be considered when considering the project.
6.2.3 Management
(i) The Committee of Management will encourage volunteers/community groups to be involved in the care and management of the Foreshore. Wherever possible, the work carried out by groups should be related to the aims and functions of the group.
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 47 1
(ii) All volunteer projects will go through the normal planning and approval process. Works will require a pennit and will adhere to management objectives for the Foreshore Reserve and Shire and DNRE regulations and guidelines. I Groups should be involved as much as possible in the planning of projects they are to be involved in.
I (iii) The Committee of Management may supply tools and materials for projects 1 however volunteers may use their own equipment. (iv) An approved person willprovide on ground supervision of volunteer work at all I times and be responsible forthe works carried out. (v) Volunteer groups will not be granted any special privileges regarding use of the I Foreshore Reserve. (vi) The Shire will clarifyits legal responsibilities regarding public liability and I insurance and will ensure adequate coverage of volunteers. I SECTION 7 FINANCIAL RESOURCES I 7. 1 Background The BCSC as the Committee of Managem�nt has been providing most of the financial l resources to manage the Foreshore Reserve formany years. These financial resources have been augmented, to some extent, by limited State and Federal funds for specificcapital works projects and indirectly through grants forsuch I activities as beach cleaning. I The impact of intense weed invasion and erosion will require the Committee of Management to be allocating substantially greater financialresources.
The Foreshore Reserve is not only a significant natural resource and recreation resource forresidents and holiday home owners, but also a major tourism resource. In order to maintain the amenityof this reserve and meet expectation of all users, it is expected that greater financialresources will be required.
7.1.2 Issues
(i) The Committee of Management has limited financial resources to apply to Foreshore Management.
(ii) The State and Federal Govermnentprovides insufficient financial resources to help manage and maintain the foreshoreadequately given the state and national significance of the foreshore.
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_ 2.doc/06 May 2002 48 (iii) Users contribute little to financial resources to manage and maintain foreshore reserves.
7.1.3 Management
(i) The Committee of Management will liaise more closely with the various State and Federal Government Departments for financial subsidies and grants that could be applied to for the management of the Foreshore Reserve.
(ii) The Committee of Management will encourage and support volunteer labor works.
H:\horne\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 49 I SECTION 8 IMPLEMENTATION OF PLAN 1 8.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR IMPLEMENTATIONOF THE PLAN
I The BCSC is the Committee of Management responsible for the day to day management of Crown Land Foreshore Reserve at Cape Paterson. Bass Coast Shire Council's 'Corporate Plan' 1996-1999 recognises the adoptions of the Cape Paterson Foreshore I Reserve Management Plan as objective within its Environment Program.
The Cape Paterson Foreshore Management Plan and its implementation is the 1 responsibility of the Chief Executive Officer who may delegate it to a particular officeror department which will be responsible forplanning, designing, costing etc. of the I recommended works and program. The plan should be partof the overall Municipal Plan and a commitment should be made I by Council to set fundinglevels for: I (i) Maintenance programs for the foreshoresand coastal assets. (ii) The instigation of new programs and plans. I (iii) Inclusion of major capital works into the overall 5 year Capital Works Program. I (iv) The investigation of a process to ensure effectiveand relevant works and programs. I I I
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _2.dod06 May 2002 50 Table 1. Priority ratings and management options forthe Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve linked to maps as indicated. btir!mly'to'Yisisifi/fi, Mait'i1Yeffli1if:...... Pl a Vegetation commumt1es that have reached or are Year 1. successively achieving climaxed status. These areas have Intensive woody weed removal utilising - Management Map 5 some weed invasion. Cut and paint or drill and fill(Round-up neat); Woody weeds Mirror Bush Comprosma Repens Pittosporum Pittosporum repens Pine Pinus radiata Herbaceous English Ivy Hedera helix Back-packspray Herbaceous Round-up Black berry Rubus fruiticosis Asparagus fem Mysiphyllum scandens Dolichos Cipogon Iignosis Banville Thistles Various species
Subsequent years. Back pack spray hitting any weed re-growth or new weed germanaents. Pl b Management Map 5 Heathland with light weed invasion Option A: Clear fire break around this area leaving a strip ofH2 between the HI area and the car park as a screen to minimise visual impact of the burn. Autumn bum with intense seedling control in the following 5 years.
Option B: Manually remove invaders - Cut and paint, neat Round-up; Coastal tea-tree Leptospermem laevigatum Coastal wattle Acacia sophorae Intense seedling controlin the following fiveyears. ------1 __,j --- -.J -..;;!
Pl c Management Map 5 Heathland with light invasion Manually remove invaders Cut and paint or drill and fill, neat Round-up; Coastal tea-tree Leptospermem laevigatum Coastal wattle Acacia sophorae Intense seedling control in the following five years. Pl d Management Map 5 Coastal shrub land Option A: Re-establishment of heathland. Manually remove invaders - Cut and paint or drill and fill, neat Round-up; Coastal tea-tree Leptospermetrtlaevigatum Coastal wattle Acacia sophorae Intense seedling control in the followingfive years. Planting of heathland species. Ple Management Map 5 this is to contain the weed Fringe of high weed infestation area surrounding the creek. Backpack spray this edge to contain weeds to currentstatus. infestation. refer to P4b for the revegetation of this area.
\IBCS_ SERVER l \E\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _2.doc/07 May 2002 52 Plg Management Map 5 Walking tracks Walking trails require drainage structures put in .place, track defining; appropriate signs, mulching of track surface. Plant material removed through maintenance should be disposed of appropriately and not left along track margins. lnfonnalwalking tracks not desired require closing down.
Continued maintenance Stairs 1 Re-construction Stairs 2 No longer in existence. Establish chain and slat access track and maintain. Stairs 3 Primary and secondary dune system, is now stabilised due to past management. A minimal human impact management strategy is desirable. Weed control via back pack spraying and drill To the west of the First Surf and fill. Beach car park. Pl Management Map 5 Continued Maintain in present condition Beach Access Maintainin present condition 1 Establish chain and slat access to beach 2 Look out in-place with stairs to the beach 3 These stairs are decrepit and badly in need ofreplacement 4 Establish stairs 5 Maintain in present condition 6 Establish stairs 7 Maintain in present condition 8 Establish chain and slat 9 Establish chain and slat 10 11 Existing look outs continued maintenance Establish·· 1ook outs to provide access to the scenic view, restrict access to unstable cliffedge and to confine Lookouts trafficto definedtrack area
\\BCS_ SERVER l \E\home\Paul SmilhlPLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN _2 .doc/07 May 2002 53 ------==- --- .__...... I .....;)
P2a Management Map 5 This area is currently managed as high impact camping area Implement a no-facilities camping arearemoving facilities (i.e. power, toilet and wash block) to accommodate used for short duration over Christmas and Easter with toilet minimal environmental impact camping on request, where people take out what they bring in. Restrict and facility buildings, powered sites and defined camping camping in this area to peak times only. Promote as an eco-tourist location for groups within to undertake areas within an open Eucalyptus woodland with an environmental works (ATCV and other organisations may be interested in this theme). understory of scattered remnant heathland species. Intense removal of invasive species with re-establishment of a eucalyptus woodland community with a heath understory. This may be achieved via replanting and allowing self-seeding to establish. Remove and control weed species. Re-definethe access track into a walking track.
P2b Management Map 5 Combination of Tea-tree, Eucalyptus and Coastal shrub • Minimal environmental impact camping area. communities connecting the P2a camping area. • Re-defineaccess tracks to walking tracks. • Removal of alien species. The combination of the fore:mentioned will combine to restore the integrity of this area. P2c Management Map 5 Coastal Tea-tree community with mass Dolichos (Dipogon I Back pack spray Dolichos and any other alien species. Cut and paint or drill and fillany woody weeds. lignosis) invasion P2d Scattered pines • _ . J Removal of pines with replacement planting of indigenousspecies.
\\BCS _SERVERI \E\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/07 May 2002 54 P3 a Management Map 2
1. STEEP SLOPE 1996 Weed removal, replacement planting and fenced off Spray blackberry and other weeds.
Dense ground cover planting at the moment, a lot of bare ground and re-establishment of weeds Plant species i.e. round noon flour poas (lab and enciformus) boa spinach encalina (ruby salt bush) spreadingground covers lA. bense kycooya invasion needs spraying lower boarder is a kycooya front that is advancing up slope; needs spraying to contain on lower flatand out of bush establishment area.
Weeds are re-establishing; needs spot spray (Boobialla self-seeding well).
2. PLANTATION These pines are maintaining the below bank (Area 1) - plant larger banksias and Eucalyptus along to Area 1. When the trees are mature remove pines. No camping area. 3.PINE AREA Plantation sites, small shrubs and ground
A. Life savers B. BUILDINGS 1 Toilet block - A plantation of indigenous ground covers and creepers would improve the aesthetics Bl. of this building. Re-roof with heritage green color bond. B2.
Rotunda - A plantationswill screen. Re-roof with heritage green color bond, render the walls and paint. This will not only improve the P3a cont. look of the rotunda but also provide a surface that can be easily painted in the event of further vandalism.
\\BCS _SERVERl \E\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/07 May 2002 55 ------l --- ....J ....;;J
B3 Old Cape Hall - replace cottage garden plans with native small shrubs and g/c to make consistent with park status. Render the walls and paint. This will not only improve the look of the rotunda but also provide a surface that can be easily painted in the event of further vandalism
B4.
Primary dune - grassland (marum and hairy spinefex).
Coastalpark land (no camping)
Dominant pine overstory with caprosma (mirror bush) understory. 4. Some remnant banksia present. Removal of mirror bush, plant; native shrub and ground cover. 5. Pines Initial pine removal; replant banksia and Eucalyptus species - two year break; successive SA-E Revegetation of 5B, 5C and 5E in sequence.
Remove birch replacement planting with banksia species. As caprosma and other alien. species remove with replacement shrub plantings
Leave these fornow. Priority to remove scattered, unconfined pines. Long-term removal Mature silver birch and associated runner seedlings. of these as they are the likely source of the invading pines throughout the Cape coastal strip. 6. Camping area Eucalyptus woodland with tea tree understory. Removal of weeds and re-establishment of indigenous natives that will provide similar Established avenue of pines providing shelter for camping I conditions for campers ie. Eucalyptus woodland with open coastal shrub understory (small plantations). 7. area.
Mass caprosma invasion, scattered pine invasion, scattered 8. mature Eucalyptus.
\\BCS _SERVER I \E\home\Paul Smi01\PLANSIFSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2. doc/07May 2002 56 P3 b Management Map 5 'Allan Birt Reserve'. A. Screen plantings The water board structure screen should consist of shrubs and taller scattered eucalyptus and ba nksias in an effort to obscure the waste treatment unit and toilet block. The toilet block screen should consist of native ground covers and creepers. These structures are located in an open grassland BBQ and picnic area surroundedby a Coastal Shrub Vegetation community. Re-location ofthe Illawong play equipment to this site is desirable.
An avenue of pines exists along the road side. The coastal shrub is well established behind these pines. The P. pines are not in keeping with the conservation status of the reserve, provide a seed source for the further establishment ofpineswithin the reserve and should be removed. P3 c Management Map 4
Open grassland; scattered trees and shrubs providing shelter Replacement planting of ; mirror bush and other weeds with species such as: bearded heath (lucapogan), for campers. This open grass land has scattered eucalyptus, Sheoak (Casurina strickta) or Boobialla banksias, coastal shrubs and heath species; mirror, Clearing of over-hanging branches intruding on access track required blackberry, pitsporums Removal of dangerous protrudingbranches required Relocation of playground to the Allan Birt Reserve (see P3b)
Is a stand of mirror bush screening the playground. Establish native species in front of this screen before removing caprornas.
9A.
\\BCS_ SERVER! \E\home\PaulSmith\PLANS\F SHORE\CAPEPATMAN _2. doc/07 May 2002 57 ------...... J ,___, -..J .....;;,
P4a Management Map 5 Gully along the bottom of a mud stone cliff with. some Option 1: Bum the gully to remove weed understory and promote banksia re-growth. Non fire tolerant dramatic fishers and caves. Over-story of banksias and a weeds; weed infestedunderstory. Blackberry Rubus fruiticosis Black night-shade Solanum nigrum English ivy Hedera helix Replant uriderstory with poas, ground covers and small shrubs. Select re-planting species from the remnant groundcovers adjoining the southernedge of the gully. P4b Management Map 5 Riparian area fringing the creek and the connecting banks. Contain weeds withPle spraying. Mass weed invasion. Beginning at the northernend of the gully, re-vegetate manageable sections at a time. Residents of adjoining properties have expressed interest in partaking in the re-vegetation of this area. Mass weed removal of small section: Unit spray of herbaceous weeds and cut andpaint or drill and fillwoody weeds. Remove the woody weed mass and compress/break-up the dead herbaceous weeds mass with rake hoes. Weed-mat our dead bio-mass and replant. Follow-up back pack spray, matting maintenance, tree guard removal and replacement p]antin,,.
\IBCS_SERVERJ\E\home\Paul SmiU1\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/07May 2002 58 APPENDIX ONE:
VEGETATION COMMUNITIES OF THE CAPE PATERSON
FORESHORE RESERVE
Vegetation communities are definedon Map 2, the followingis a description of the predominant stratum of vegetation distinguishing the vegetation communities. The abbreviations of each community correspond withiden tificationon Map 2.
Coast Shrub-land (CS)
Coast Wattle Acacia sophorae Common Beared-heath Leucopogon virgatus Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale Boobialla Myoporum insulare Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia Scented Paperbark Melaleuca squarrosa Coastal Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum
Coastal Tea-tree (CTT)
Coastal Tea-tree Leptospermumlaevigatum
Banksia Woodland (BW)
Coast Banksia Banksiaintegrifolia
Coastal Eucalyptus Woodland (EW)
Mixed Eucalyptusspp Eucalyptusspp. Gippsland Manna-gum Eucalyptus pryoriana Coast Wattle Acacia sophorae Common Beared-heath Leucopogon virgatus Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale Boobialla Myoporum insulare Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia Scented Paperbark Melaleuca squarrosa Coastal Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum 1 1 1 1 Coastal Eucalyptus Woodland with a heath understory (CWH) I Mixed Eucalyptus spp Eucalyptusspp. Gippsland Manna -gum Eucalyptuspi:yoriana Coast Wattle Acacia sophorae I Common Beared-heath Leucopogon virgatus Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale Boobialla Myoporum insulare I Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia Scented Paperbark Melaleuca squarrosa Coastal Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum I Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermumlanigum I Common Beard-heath Leucopogon virgatus Peach Heath Lissanthe strigosa Prickly Geebung Persoonia juniperina I Dwarf Sheoak Allocasuarina paradoxa I Heathland (HJ Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale J Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigum Common Beard-heath Leucopogon virgatus Peach Heath Lissanthe strigosa I Prickly Geebung Persoonia juniperina I Dwarf Sheoak Allocasuarinaparadoxa (HJ) Heathland with minimal invasion. Some invasion by:
Coast Wattle Acacia sophorae Coastal Tea-tree Leptospemum laevigartum
H:\home\paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _ 2.doc/06 May 2002 60 (H2) Heathland with moderateinvasion. Invasion by:
CoastalW attle Acacia sophorae Coastal Tea-tree Leptospennum laevigatum Pine tall open forest (P)
RadiataPine Pinus radiata
Open GrassLand (OG) These are open areas of high public utilisation.
Riparian (R)
The creek margins have been intensely invaded by weeds. Small retnnant patches of Bullrush (Trithuria subersa) and Cotnmon Maidenhair (Adiantum aethioicum) are still intact.
Primarydune grass land (P)
Marram Grass * Ammophila arenaria Hairy Spinefex Spinifex sericeus
* Introduced species.
Burnt area identifiedon Map 2: This area was burn by a wild firein 1993. The presence of the heathland species and the most critical invading species, Leptospennum laevigatum (Coastal tea-tree), indicates the unpredictable nature of fireas a tool in heathlands.
H:\home\Paul Smilh\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doci06 May 2002 61 1 1 1 I APPENDIX TWO:
PLANTS OF CAPE PATERSON I Sherry Collins I DUNE PLANTS Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus I Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia Boobialla Myoporum insulare I Coast Everlasting Helicln:ysumparalium Coast Daisy-bush Olearia axillaris White Correa Correa alba I Variable Groundsel Senecio lautus Dune Goundsel Senecio spathulatus Dune Thistle Actites megalocarpa I Bidgee-widgee Acaena anserinifolia Small-leaf Clematis Clematis microphylla PurpleGroundsel Senecio elegans I Sea Celery Apium prostratum Karkalla Car:pobrotusrossii Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma I Climbing Lignum Muehlenveckia adpressa Coast Spurge Euphorbia paralisa Coast Sword-sedge Lepidosperma gladiatum I SandhillSword-sedge Lepidosperma concavin Coast Wattle Acacia sophorae Sea Rocket Cakile maritima I Sea berrySaltbush Rhagodia candolleana Cushion Bush Leucophytabrownii Austral Crane's-bill Geranium solanderi Common Vetsh Vicia sativa
ORCHIDS
H:\home\Paul SmW1\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _ 2.doc/06 May 2002 62 Pink Fairies Caladenia latifolia Waxlip Orchid Glossodia major Wallflower Orchid Diuris corymbosa Cinnamon Bells Gastrodia sesamoides Slaty Helmet-orchid Corybas incurves Tall Leek-orchid Prasophllum elatum Dotted Sun-orchid Thelymitraixioides Salmaon Sun-orchid Thelymitra rubra Slender Sun-orchid Thelymitra pauciflora Brown-beaks Lyperanthus suaveolens Green-comb Spider-orchid Caladenia dilatata Thick-lip Spider-orchid Caladenia tessellata
HERBS
Milkmaids Burchardia umbellata Button Everlasting Helichrysum scomioides Jersey Cudweed Pseudognaphaliumluteoalba Purple Groundsel Senecio elegans Variable Groundsel Senecio lautus Dune Groundsel Senecio spathulatus Grass trigger-plant Stylidium graminifolium Climbing Sundew Drosera macrantha Tall Sundew Drosera peltata AngleLobelia Lobelia alata Ivy-leaf Violet Viola hederacea Creeping Wood-sorrel Oxalis comiculatatA Twining Fringe-lily Thysanotus patersonii Common Fringe-lily Thysanotus tuberosus Black-anther Flax-lily Dianella revoluta Short Purple-flag Patersonia fragilis Long Purple-flag Patersonia occidentalis Common Onion-grass Romulea rosea Common Onion-grass Romulea rosea Pimpernel Anagallis arvmsis Swamp Daisy Brachyscome cardiocarpa Pale Grass-lily Caesia parviflora Common Raspwort Gononcarpustetragyna Blue Stars Chainaescilla corymbosa ROCKY CLIFF FACES
Rounded Noon-Flower DiphymaCrassifolium
H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 63 1 1 l Creeping Brook.weed Salolus repens 1 White Correa Correa alba Coast Tussock Grass Poa poiformis I Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii PLANTS OF WET AREAS l Swamp Daisy Brachscome cardiocarpa Water Buttons Cotula coronipifolia Jersey Cudweed Pseudognchostenuifolia 1 Pink Swamp-heath Sprengelia incarnata ScalyButtons Leptorhynchos tenuifolia CreepingBrookweed Samolus repens I Blunt-leaf Heath Epacris obtusifolia Smilax Asparagus Asparagoides I Fairies' Aprons Utricularia dichotoma CLIMBERS AND PROSTRATE CREEPERS
I Slender Dodder-laurel Cassytha glabella Downy Codder-laurel Cassytha pubescens Small-leaf Clematis Clematis microphylla I Running Postman Kennedia prostrata Love Creeper Comespermavolubile Common Appleberry Billardiera scandens I Climbing Lignum Meuhlenbeckia adpressa Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma Karkalla Carpobrotus rossii J Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma cassifolium Creeping Brookweed Samolus repens Bidgee-widgee Acaena anserinifolia J Austral Stonecrop Crassula sieberana Prickly Guinea-flower Hibbertia acicularis
SEDGES, RUSHESAND TUSSOCKS
Spiny-headed Mat-lily Lomandra longifolia Coast Saw-sedge Gahnia trifida Knobby Club-sedge Isolepis nodosa
H:lhome\Paul Smilh\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 64 Sandhill Sword-sedge Lepidosperma concavin Coast Sword-sedge· Lepidosperma gladiatum Pithy Sword-sedge Lepidosperma longitudinale Pale Rush Juncus pallidus Dwarf Mat-lily Lonandra nana GRASSES
Common Reed Phragmites australis Coast Tussock Grass Poa poiformis Hairy Spinifex Spinifexsericeus Marram Grass Ammophila arenaria Supple Spear-grass Stipa mollis Kangaroo Grass Themeda triandra TREES
Coast Manna Gum Eucalyptuspzyoriana Sweet Wattle Acacia suaveolens Wirilda Acacia rhetinoides Scrub She-oak Allocasuarina paludosa Dwarf She-oak Allocasuarina paradoxa Silver Banksia Banksia marginata Coast Tea-tree Leptospermumlaevigatum Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus Swamp Paperbark Meleleuca ericifolia Scented Paperbark Meleleuca ·squarossa Handsome Flat-pea Platylobiumformosum Kangaroo Apple Solanum aviculara Large-lef Bush-pea Pultenaea daphogopappa Dusty Daisy-bush Olearia phlogopappa Golden Spray Viminaria juncea Tree Lupin Lupinus arborea
H:lhome\PaulSmilh\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002 65 1 1 1 SHRUBS UNDER 2 METRES
1 Coast Everlasting Helichrysumparalium Coast Daisy-bush Oleraria axillaris 1 Twiggy Daisy-bush Olearia ramulosa Horny Cone-bush Isopogon ceratophyllus Prickly Geebung Persoonia juniperina I Coast Pomaderris Pomaderris oraria White Correa Correa alba Creamy Canles Stackhosia monogyna I Broom Spurge Amperea xiphoclada Common Beard-heath Leucopogon virgatus Peach Heath Lissanthe strigosa Showy Bossiaea Bossiaea cinaria Grey Parrot-pea Dillwyniacinerascens Showy Parrot-pea Dillwyniaserecia I Common Flat-pea Platylobiumobtusangulum Rigid Bush-pea Pultenaea stricta Austral Stork's-bill Pelargonium australe I Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata (ovoidea) Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata (verticill) I Prichly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigera Common Rice-flower Pimelia humilis I Prickly Guinea-flower Hibbertia acicularis I PEA FLOWERED PLANTS Showy Bossiaea Bossiaea cinaria Grey Parrot-pea Dillwyniacinerascens J Showy Parrot-pea Dillwynia serecia Running Postman Kennedia prostrata Handsome Flat-pea Platylobiumobtusangulum Rigid Bush-pea Pultenaea stricta Large-leaf Bush-pea Pultenaea daphnoides Solden Spray Viminaria juncea Tree Lupin Lupinus arborea Common Aotus Aotus ericoides
H:lhome\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06May 2002 66
1 ILLAWONG CAMPING GROUND 1 I I I I I ENLARGEME I I I 1 BEACH - - ·- -- - -· -- I -- --��--, I \ ,,. 1st SURF 8E:ACH -- \ /
\. / ... / ..... -, I I I LEGEND CAPE CHANNEL ...... = 1 \ [:] RUBBISH BIN ' ' � = BOAT RAMP ' I -$- LIGHTS \ I = ' / ...... - _,,,, I PROPOSED INFORMATION SIGNAGE L _F = = FI REBREAK e LOOKOUT A = BEACH ACCESS (D = BEACH ACCESS NUMBER � = EXISTING BRIDGE .. = PROPOSED BRIDGE = ,r STAIRS --- = PARTIALLY FENCED TRACK ------=EXISTING WALKING TRACK BASS COAST SHIRE ACC l
1 1 l I I 1
----- � -.,--- !.r'�.'1�
\ ��� I \ .,, '' ' .,, ' /",., ,,---�---�------\,.. ./ '-,f I ('I I, I f ' I \ ' I \ •' '\ I ' l ·. �� I ...... f\.f.l'l'n,fl: : ... MAP2 ' I \ . 1 ,. r ' ...... __ .,,, ) I Please refer to table L of appendix for mon09ement stro I
LEGEND
1 I WALK TRACKS - --- -� I "'"""""''ZONES :@ I I �·------· ___ J
MANUNJTS.DGN