Robert Watts Papers, 1883-1989, Bulk 1940-1988
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http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt7w1038pf Online items available Finding aid for the Robert Watts papers, 1883-1989, bulk 1940-1988 Annette Leddy Finding aid for the Robert Watts 2006.M.27 1 papers, 1883-1989, bulk 1940-1988 Descriptive Summary Title: Robert Watts papers Date (inclusive): 1883-1989 (bulk 1940-1988) Number: 2006.M.27 Creator/Collector: Watts, Robert Physical Description: 36.5 Linear Feet(76 boxes, 9 flat file folders) Repository: The Getty Research Institute Special Collections 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles 90049-1688 [email protected] URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10020/askref (310) 440-7390 Abstract: American artist of mixed media, sculpture, and assemblage, best known as a founding member of Fluxus. The archive consists of correspondence, manuscripts, personal documents, and many photographs and slides documenting Watts' work and affiliations with artists. Also included are three works of art. Request Materials: Request access to the physical materials described in this inventory through the catalog record for this collection. Click here for the access policy . Language: Collection material is in English Biographical / Historical Note Robert Watts, born in 1923, spent his childhood and adolescence in Iowa and Louisville, Kentucky. The son of a mechanical engineer, Watts also earned an engineering degree, but after serving in World War II, went on to study art history at Columbia University. His emphasis was the study of ancient art and architecture in the Americas and Australia; his Master's thesis was on the masks of the Alaskan Eskimo (M.A. 1951). For several years Watts worked as an abstract expressionist painter while teaching in the engineering department at Rutgers University. By the late 1950s he had moved to the art department and had also begun to employ his engineering training in his art, initially making boxes with electro-mechanical circuitry. Rutgers colleague Allan Kaprow, sculptor-chemist George Brecht, and Watts together wrote a proposal for an experimental laboratory for multi-media art entitled "Project in Multiple Dimensions" (1957-1958). Though never funded, this proposal articulated new assumptions about art in its relation to the everyday and to increasingly accessible media technologies, soon to find expression in the happenings, events, and installations of the 1960s, and eventually in the formation of Fluxus and Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.). The everyday objects Watts reinvented as artifacts (cartons of eggs, stamps, floor mops) associated him with Pop Art, and his pieces appeared in the landmark 1963 Bianchini Supermarket Show. Philosophically, however, he was most allied with Fluxus, of which he was a founding and lifelong member. Persistently seeking ways to infiltrate commodity culture with art, Watts de-emphasized himself as creator while brilliantly illuminating infrastructural systems such as the U.S. postal service, mint, patent office or F.B.I. He worked in a wide range of novel media, including neon, laminates, Polaroid photography, video, film, sound, and light. While his studies in ancient art inform much of his work indirectly, they most distinctly appear in the African statues made of chrome. He collaborated with Fluxus associates on many events, workshops and festivals, including Yam Festival (1963) and FluxYear/Gemini (1974; 1978). In 1967, Watts and George Maciunas worked with Herman Fine to create a company called Implosions for producing and distributing ironic anti-commodities, such as disfiguring masks or transparent plastic dresses. As an art professor, Watts was equally ingenious, establishing an Experimental Workshop at Rutgers that he took to the University of California at Santa Cruz in 1968. Believing that approaches to teaching art had to be radically changed, Watts encouraged a collaborative and spontaneous approach to creating multi-media events, some featuring recurring characters in Watts' work, like the Fur Family. In 1970 he co-edited an anthology, Proposals for Art Education. Though most often exhibited in group shows, Watts had significant solo shows at the Museum of Modern Art and Rene Block Gallery in New York, the Ricke Gallery in Kassel, and at Multhipla and Francesco Conz Gallery in Milan. Since his death in 1988, Watts' prescience as an artist has been increasingly recognized, most influentially in a 1990 show at Leo Castelli Gallery, in Experiments in the Everyday: Allan Kaprow and Robert Watts (1999) and in Off-Limits: Rutgers University and the Avant-garde (1999). Finding aid for the Robert Watts 2006.M.27 2 papers, 1883-1989, bulk 1940-1988 Access Open for use by qualified researchers, with the exception of unreformatted audiovisual material. Access restricted for Boxes 2, 3, 4, and 7 pending the estate's further consideration. Publication Rights Contact Library Reproductions and Permissions . Preferred Citation Robert Watts papers, 1883-1989, bulk 1940-1988, Research Library, The Getty Research Institute, Accession no. 2006.M.27 http://hdl.handle.net/10020/cifa2006m27 Acquisition Information Acquired in 2006 from the Robert Watts Estate. Processing History Lora Chin did the preliminary processing of the collection, and Annette Leddy further processed and arranged it. Processing History Processed by Lora Chin and Annette Leddy. Original inventory numbers assigned by the Estate have been retained. Digitized Audiovisual Material Online access to selected digitized audio and video recordings is available to on-site readers and Getty staff. Scope and Content of Collection The collection documents Robert Watts' development as an artist and art professor, with ample evidence of his relationship with Fluxus colleagues, dealers and friends. Watts' Iowa family background is presented in photographs, correspondence, family genealogies, health histories, legal and financial papers, and clippings dating back to the 1880s; together with report cards and yearbooks, these offer a relatively clear picture of the artist's midwestern roots. Photographs portray his subsequent years in the service and in New York while a student at Columbia, with summers on Monhegan Island, while graduate school term papers and his Master's thesis on Alaskan masks reveal his early interest in artifacts. Academic files convey Watts' career with nearly annual grant applications and project proposals. Professional correspondence is mainly between Watts and his dealers, including Francesco Conz and Rolfe Ricke, along with certain curators and collectors, such as Gilbert Silverman and Jean Brown. Personal correspondence, though containing photocopies of cards and letters from George Brecht and George Maciunas and originals from Dick Higgins, is relatively scant. Series IV, Work files is the core of the archive, containing hundreds of drawings for completed and unrealized projects, scripts or scores, and certain completed objects such as the stamps, letterheads, and laminations. FluxMed (1987), Watts' medical graphics based on 19th century French engravings, is present in various stages of its creation. The greater portion of this series consists of source material, including postcards, clippings, and brochures for various electronic or mechanical devices that inspired Watts and that are accompanied in some cases by drawings or calculations regarding their adaptation to Watts' projects. Series V, Photographs and slides contains fourteen photograph albums that Watts assembled. A unique record of the artist's intermingled life and art, they are arranged more thematically than chronologically. Some of these images also appear in the photograph files, including numerous images of Pamela Kraft, Watts' longtime partner and model. Series VII, Printed matter contains nine flat files, mostly of Fluxus posters with striking graphics and abundant information on events, artists, and ideas. Also included is a comprehensive collection of clippings containing reviews or articles about Watts or his associates. Series X, Audio visual contains all the films Watts made along with the sound tracks or music that accompanied them. Three art objects are included in the collection. Boxes 2, 3, 4, and 7 are sealed, pending the Estate's further consideration. Numbers in brackets within folder entries were assigned by the Estate. Arrangement note Arranged in eleven series: Series I. Personal, 1889-1989Series II. Academic files, 1949-1988Series III. Correspondence, 1960-1988Series IV. Work files, 1939-1988Series V. Photographs and slides, 1937-1988Series VI. Other artists' files, 1957-1989Series VII. Printed matter, 1883-1988Series VIII. Books, 1940-1975Series IX. Serials, 1961-1979Series X. Audiovisual, 1957-1987Series XI. Additions, 1962-1987 Subjects - Names Kraft, Pamela Finding aid for the Robert Watts 2006.M.27 3 papers, 1883-1989, bulk 1940-1988 Maciunas, George Watts, Robert Subjects - Corporate Bodies Fluxus (Group of Artists) Implosions (Firm) Subjects - Topics Conceptual Art Happening (Art) Performance art Art and technology Art, American -- 20th century Art -- Study and teaching Subjects - Titles FluxMed Genres and Forms of Material Drawings (visual works) -- 20th century Mail art Photographic prints -- 20th century Mechanical drawings -- 20th century Motion pictures (visual works) -- 20th century DVDs -- 20th century Phonograph records -- 20th century Compact discs -- 20th century Photographs, Original Audiotapes -- 20th century Videocassettes -- 20th century Contributors Maciunas, George Ricke, Rolfe Silverman, Gilbert Watts, Robert Conz, Francesco