964 ______Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 5, Suppl., October 2010______A SYNOPSIS OF TURKISH F., 1775 WITH ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL REMARKS (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE: )

Hüseyin Özdikmen* and Semra Turgut*

* Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, 06500 Ankara / Türkiye. E- mails: [email protected] and [email protected]

[Özdikmen, H. & Turgut, S. 2010. A synopsis of Turkish Rhagium F., 1775 with zoogeographical remarks (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lepturinae). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 5, suppl.: 964-976]

ABSTRACT: All taxa of the genus Rhagium F., 1775 in are evaluated and summarized with taxonomical and zoogeographical remarks. Some new faunistical data are given for Turkey in the text. A checklist for Turkish taxa is also given.

KEY WORDS: Rhagium, Rhagiini, Lepturinae, Cerambycidae, Coleoptera, Turkey.

The genus Rhagium Fabricius, 1775 is a group of belonging to the most attractive taxa for especially forestry researchers. As commonly accepted the genus is represented by seventeen species of three subgenera in the whole world fauna from America to Japan in Holarctic region. The members of the genus feed in conifers and deciduous trees. They develops under the bark or in the wood (only the species R. bifasciatum F., 1775) of host plants of the genera Picea, Abies, Pinus, Larix as conifers and chiefly Quercus, Fagus, Castanea, Corylus, Alnus, Betula, Tilia, Ulmus, Acer as deciduous trees. Therefore the species of the genus are important in forestry. However, the Turkish forestry researches on Rhagium species was began by Schmitschek (1944). The works of Turkish forestry researchers who are Acatay (1948, 1961, 1963, 1968), Alkan (1946), Defne (1954), Çanakçıoğlu (1956, 1983), Besçeli (1969), Tosun (1975), Sekendiz (1981), Öymen (1987), Yüksel (1996) and Alkan & Eroğlu (2001) followed it. Unfortunately, five species as R. inquisitor (Linnaeus, 1758), R. mordax (DeGeer, 1775), R. sycophanta (Schrank, 1781), R. bifasciatum Fabricius, 1775 and R. fasciculatum Faldermann, 1837 among the Rhagium species of Turkey have been studied by all references mentioned above. Time to time by beginning at last of nineteen century, foreign researchers have been carried out some works on Turkish species. For example, a new Rhagium species, R. elmaliense, from S Turkey has been described by Schmid (1999) recently.

ARRANGEMENT OF INFORMATION

Information in the present text is given in following order: The subfamily and the tribe names are given simply. For the genus and subgenus names, the type species are provided under the taxon names. For each species, the whole subspecies are provided under the taxon names. The data, Other names, Material examined, Records in Turkey, Range, Chorotype and Known host plants for Turkey under the title for each taxon is given. Other names. In these parts, as possible as the whole other names including all infraspecific names (synonym, variety, morpha, form, aberration etc.) are provided. Material examined. Material examined that is provided for only some taxons covers the original records for Turkey. The materials were collected by A. Y. Okutaner from Giresun province in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey in 2009. They are deposited in Gazi University (Ankara). ______Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 5, Suppl., October 2010______965

Records in Turkey. On the first line are given the abbreviations of the provinces and lands in Turkey. These parts include previous records that have been given by various authors in different literatures. The whole records are evaluated as only concerning province and land in related reference. The records are accompanied by the authors and publication date of related reference in paranthesis. Range. In these parts, the whole distribution areas in the world are provided for each taxon. Chorotype. The present zoogeographical characterization is based on the chorotype classification of Anatolian fauna, recently proposed by Vigna Taglianti et al. (1999). In the text, as possible as one chorotype description can be identificated for each taxon. Known host plants for Turkey. In some species, the host plants of collected specimens from Turkey are given by cited references. In other species, host plants have been not recorded for Turkey until now.

ABREVIATIONS OF THE PROVINCES AND LANDS IN TURKEY

ADANA (AD) ELAZIĞ (EL) MANĠSA (MN) ADIYAMAN (ADY) ERZĠNCAN (ER) MARDĠN (MR) AFYON (AF) ERZURUM (EZ) MUĞLA (MG) AĞRI (AG) ESKĠġEHĠR (ES) MUġ (MU) AKSARAY (AK) GAZĠANTEP (GA) NEVġEHĠR (NE) AMASYA (AM) GĠRESUN (GI) NĠĞDE (NI) ANKARA (AN) GÜMÜġHANE (GU) ORDU (OR) ANTALYA (ANT) HAKKARĠ (HA) OSMANĠYE (OS) ARDAHAN (AR) HATAY (HT) RĠZE (RI) ARTVĠN (ART) IĞDIR (IG) SAKARYA (SA) AYDIN (AY) ISPARTA (IP) SAMSUN (SM) BALIKESĠR (BL) ĠÇEL (IC) SĠĠRT (SI) BARTIN (BR) ĠSTANBUL (IS) SĠNOP (SN) BATMAN (BA) ĠZMĠR (IZ) SĠVAS (SV) BAYBURT (BY) KAHRAMANMARAġ (KA) ġANLIURFA (SU) BĠLECĠK (BI) KARABÜK (KR) ġIRNAK (SK) BĠNGÖL (BN) KARAMAN (KM) TEKĠRDAĞ (TE) BĠTLĠS (BT) KARS (KAR) TOKAT (TO) BOLU (BO) KASTAMONU (KS) TRABZON (TB) BURDUR (BU) KAYSERĠ (KY) TUNCELĠ (TU) BURSA (BS) KIRIKKALE (KI) UġAK (US) ÇANAKKALE (CA) KIRKLARELĠ (KK) VAN (VA) ÇANKIRI (CN) KIRġEHĠR (KIR) YALOVA (YA) ÇORUM (CO) KĠLĠS (KL) YOZGAT (YO) DENĠZLĠ (DE) KOCAELĠ (KO) ZONGULDAK (ZO) DĠYARBAKIR (DI) KONYA (KN) THRACIA (EUROPEAN TUR.) (TRA) DÜZCE (DU) KÜTAHYA (KU) TURKEY (TUR) EDĠRNE (ED) MALATYA (MA)

Subfamily LEPTURINAE Latreille, 1802

According to Bousquet et al. (2009), it includes eight tribes in the world as Desmocerini Blanchard, 1845; Encyclopini LeConte, 1873; Lepturini Latreille, 1802; Oxymirini Danilevsky, 1997; Rhagiini Kirby, 1837; Rhamnusiini Sama, 2009; Teledapini Pascoe, 1871 and Xylosteini Reitter, 1913.

Tribe RHAGIINI Mulsant, 1839 = Rhagiadae Kirby, 1837: 178 = Toxotaires Mulsant, 1839: 230 = Pachytes Motschulsky, 1849: 60 = Stenocoritae Thomson, 1861: 156 = Toxoti LeConte and Horn, 1883: 313 = Pachytini Portevin, 1934: 119 (key), 129 966 ______Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 5, Suppl., October 2010______Type genus: Rhagium Fabricius, 1775 It includes genera more than thirty in the world fauna. In general, the members of the tribe Rhagiini differ from others by prosternum with a deep, transverse groove in front of anterior coxae and by pronotum with lateral knolls. Body is robust but slightly tapering posteriorly. Head is deeply constricted posteriorly. Antennae inserted before eyes or on the level of anterior magrin of eyes. Pronotum has or not lateral spines or granules.

Genus RHAGIUM Fabricius, 1775 = Hargium Samouelle, 1819: 210 = Harpium; Reitter, 1912: 6 = Allorhagium Kolbe, 1884: 270

Type species: Cerambyx inquisitor Linnaeus, 1758

Body robust, medium sized. Cervix elongate. Head square-shaped, robust, and with a medial, longitudinal groove; Temples distinct. Antennae rather short and thick, with apices barely reaching beyond pronotal base. Eyes bulge, finely faceted, poorly emarginate. Pronotum with lateral, medial spines. Elytra wide, subparallel with fine longitudinal keels, rounded apically; mesosternum with longitudinal, smooth keel; abdominal segments usually with medial elevations. It differs from other closely related genera by temples not very convex; by third antennal segment rather long, fourth segment short and third segment not much shorter than fifth; by lateral humps or tubercules of pronotum like a spine and by elytra with clear keels. The genus Rhagium Fabricius, 1775 species are distributed in Holarctic region in the world. Traditionally, it divided three subgenera as the nominotypical subgenus Rhagium Fabricius, 1775; Hagrium Villiers, 1978 and Megarhagium Reitter, 1913. As commonly accepted the genus has sixteen species in the world fauna from America to Japan. The subgenus Hagrium Villiers, 1978 is monotypic. It includes only the European species, R. bif