PRE-ELECTION ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT
Observation and Analysis
1 Free and Fair Election Network - FAFEN
FREE AND FAIR ELECTION NETWORK (FAFEN)
ISBN# 978-969-7787-01-2 FAFEN General Election Observation 2018 Pre-Election Environment Assessment - Observation and Analysis All rights reserved. Any part of this publication may be produced or translated by duly acknowledging the source. 1st Edition: October 2018. Copies 2,500 TDEA–FAFEN Secretariat Building No. 1, Street 5 (Off Jasmine Road), G 7/2, Islamabad, Pakistan Websites: www.fafen.org FAFEN is supported by Trust for Democratic Education and Accountability (TDEA)
2 Free and Fair Election Network - FAFEN
PRE-ELECTION ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT
Observation and Analysis
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AAT Allah-o-Akbar Tehreek ANP Awami National Party ARO Assistant Returning Officer ARP Awami Raj Party ASWJ Ahle Sunnat-Wal-Jamaat BAP Balochistan Awami Party BNP Balochistan National Party BNPA Balochistan National Party Awami CC Constituency Coordinator CCTV Closed-Circuit Television CERS Computerized Electoral Rolls System CSO Civil Society Organization CVP Citizens’ Voice Project DC District Coordinator DDC District Development Committee DEC District Election Commissioner DMO District Monitoring Officer DRO District Returning Officer DVEC District Voter Education Committees ECL Exit Control List ECP Election Commission of Pakistan EDO Election Day Observer EIMS Election Information Management System FAFEN Free and Fair Election Network FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas FATF Financial Action Task Force FBR Federal Board of Revenue FGD Focus Group Discussion FIA Federal Investigation Agency GDA Grand Democratic Alliance GE General Election GIS Geographic Information System ICT Islamabad Capital Territory IED Improvised Explosive Device ISPR Inter-Services Public Relations JI Jamaat-e-Islami JUIF Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (Fazal) KP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa LEA Law Enforcement Agencies LG Local Government MMA Muttahida Majalis-e-Amal
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MML Milli Muslim League MQM Muttahida Qaumi Movement MQM Mohajar Qaumi Movement MRV Mobile Registration Van NA National Assembly NAB National Accountability Bureau NADRA National Database and Registration Authority NAP National Action Plan NIC National Identity Card NP National Party NPP National Peoples Party NRC NADRA Registration Center PA Provincial Assembly PBS Pakistan Bureau of Statistics PEC Provincial Election Commissioner PCER Parliamentary Committee on Electoral Reforms PEMRA Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority PkMAP Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party PMLF Pakistan Muslim League (Functional) PML Pakistan Muslim League PMLN Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) PPPP Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians PSDP Public Sector Development Programme PSP Pak Sarzameen Party PTCL Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited PTI Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf PVT Parallel Vote Tabulation PWD Persons with Disabilities QWP Qaumi Wattan Party REC Regional Election Commissioner RO Returning Officer SBP State Bank of Pakistan SC Supreme Court SMS Short Message Service SNGPL Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited SOP Standard Operating Procedure TDEA Trust for Democratic Education and Accountability TLP Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan UK United Kingdom USA United States of America
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Acknowledgments 11
Executive Summary 13
Chapter 1: Introduction and Methodology
Contents 1A. Multi-Phased Election Observation Methodology ...... 19 1A.1 Pre-Election Long-Term Observation ...... 20 1A.2 Pre-Election Medium-Term Observation ...... 21 1A.3 Election Day Observation ...... 22 1A.4 Post-Election Observation ...... 23 1B. Automated Solutions for Observation and Reporting ...... 23 1C. Parallel Vote Tabulation ...... 23 1D. Quality Assessmentof Election Results ...... 24 1E. Deviations and Limitations ...... 25
Chapter 2: Voter Registration
2A. Background ...... 29 2B. Voter Registration Process ...... 29 2C. Observation of the Voter Enrolment Process at the District Level ...... 30 2C.1 Lack of Clarity about Information Sharing Mechanism Between ECP and NADRA ...... 30 2C.2 Lack of Clarity about Information Sharing Mechanism Between ECP and DECs ...... 31 2C.3 Obsolete Registration Process Adopted by a Number of DECs ...... 31 2C.4 Lack of Clarity in Handling Information Requests by Citizens and Candidates ...... 32 2C.5 Special Measures for Enhancing Registration of Women, PWDs and Minorities as Voters ...... 32 2C.6 Challenges Faced by DECs ...... 33 2D. Observation of NADRA Registration Centers (NRCs) ...... 34 2E. Appraisal of the ECP’s Voter Registration Campaign by Political Parties at the Local Level ...... 34 2F. Observation of the Display Period ...... 36
Chapter 3: Delimitation of Constituencies
3A. Delimitation of Electoral Constituencies: Significance and Context ...... 41 3A.1 Significance of Delimitation ...... 41 3A.2 Delimitation in the Election Year ...... 41 3A.3 Delimitation Principles and Rules ...... 42 3B. Delimitation 2018: Departures from Principles and Rules ...... 45 3B.1 National Assembly Constituencies ...... 45 3B.2 Constituencies of Provincial Assemblies ...... 48 3B.3 Disparities in Proportions of Registered Voters ...... 51
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3C. Conduct of the Delimitation Process ...... 53 3C.1 Objections and Appeals Regarding Preliminary Proposals ...... 53 3C.2 Satisfaction Level of Political Party Representatives on the Conduct of Delimitation ...... 54
Chapter 4: Pre Election Environment
4A. Finalization of the List of Polling Stations ...... 59 4A.1 Observers’ Assessment of Established Polling Stations ...... 61 4A.2 Candidates’ Assessment of Polling Stations ...... 62 4A.3 Voters’ Assessment of Polling Stations ...... 65 4B. Barriers to Women’s Exercise of Voting Rights ...... 66 4C. Level Playing Field for Electoral Contestants ...... 66 4C.1 Perceptions Regarding Impartiality of the Election Authorities ...... 66 4C.2 Perceptions Regarding Impartiality of Caretaker and Local Governments ...... 69 4C.3 Perceptions on the Role of State Institutions ...... 72 4D. Voter Intimidation and Inducement ...... 76 4D.1 Coercion and/or Intimidation ...... 76 4D.2 Inducement and/or Gratification ...... 77 4E. Political and Electoral Violence...... 79 4E.1 Incidents of Violence Documented by FAFEN ...... 79 4E.2 Incidents of Violence Reported by Citizens ...... 81 4F. Political Realignments ...... 81 4F.1 District Level Alliances amongst Political Parties ...... 81 4F.2 Party Switching by Political Figures ...... 82 4G. Profiles of Contesting Candidates ...... 89 4H. Campaigning and Canvassing ...... 92 4H.1 Campaign Materials ...... 92 4H.2 Use of Places of Worship for Campaigning Purposes...... 94 4H.3 Use of Loudspeakers in Political Gatherings ...... 95
Chapter 5: Nomination and Scrutiny of Candidates
5A. Importance of the Nomination Process ...... 99 5B. Announcement of Elections and Procedure for Nominations ...... 99 5B.1Calendar: Announcement of Elections to Polling Day ...... 100 5C. How the Elections Act 2017 is Different from Previous Laws ...... 100 5C.1Court Rulings about Nomination Papers ...... 101 5D. Legal Framework regarding Nomination and Scrutiny of Candidates ...... 102 5E. Nomination and Scrutiny of Contesting Candidates...... 104 5E.1 Nominations for National Assembly ...... 104 5E.2 Regional Distribution of Nominations and Rejections ...... 104 5E.3 Status of NA Candidates following Scrutiny ...... 105 5E.4 Nominations for Women Reserved Seats ...... 106 5E.5 Nominations for Minority Seats ...... 106 5E.6 Nominations of Women Contestants for General Seats ...... 106
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5F. Experiences of Contesting Candidates ...... 108 5F.1 Largely Trouble-free Process of Acquiring Nomination Papers ...... 108 5F.2 Largely Trouble-free Process of Submitting Nomination Papers ...... 108 5F.3 Persisting Incidence of Objectionable Questioning by ROs ...... 109 5F.4 Provision of Receipt for Submission of Nomination Papers ...... 109 5F.5 Provision of Receipt for Money Deposited as Election Guarantee ...... 110 5G. Observation of the Scrutiny Process ...... 110 5G.1 Examining the Voting Credentials of Proposers and Seconders ...... 111 5G.2 Objections on Proposers or Seconders ...... 111 5G.3 Questions by ROs during the Scrutiny Process ...... 112 5G.4 Rejection of Nomination Papers ...... 112 5H. Scrutiny Process at the ECP’s Scrutiny Cell...... 112 5H.1 Scrutiny by the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) ...... 113 5H.2 Scrutiny by the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) ...... 114 5H.3 Scrutiny by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) ...... 115 5H.4 Scrutiny by Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL) and Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL)...... 115 5H.5 Candidates with Dual Nationalities ...... 115
Annexures
Annex-I: Pre-Election Long-Term Observation Checklists ...... 119 Annex-II: Pre-Election Medium-Term Observation Checklists ...... 146
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Free and Fair Election Network’s (FAFEN) observation of General Election (GE) 2018, supported by Trust for Democratic Education and Accountability (TDEA), required extraordinary efforts before, on election-day, and beyond, and FAFEN has been fortunate and proud to have a team that collectively ▪ Association for Creation of rose to the challenge. This report is the culmination of their hard work, Employment dedication and determination. ▪ Baanhn Beli More than 18,000 observers including men and women were mobilized, ▪ Bedari trained and managed by the meticulous and committed staff of FAFEN member organizations. They worked tirelessly to observe the pre-election and ▪ Centre for Peace and election-day processes. In addition, the entire staff at FAFEN Secretariat, Development housed at TDEA, worked day and night to make the election observation ▪ Community Awareness Raising exercise a major success. TDEA’s Chief Executive Officer Shahid Fiaz and Advocacy Venture Around Needs Head of Programs Muddassir Rizvi deserve a special mention, along with their ▪ Community Development incredible team members including Jameel Hussain, Rashid Chaudhary, Jane Programme Ashley Barr, Adnan Anjum, Shehzad Anwer, Aaqib Khan, Salahuddin Safdar, ▪ DevCon- An Association for Rural Nazar Naqvi, Rao Akram Khurram and Khurram Badar Alam. They worked Development assiduously to design FAFEN’s observation methodologies, and to implement multiple, complex and time-sensitive activities including trainings to all FAFEN ▪ Farmers Development observers. Organization ▪ Goth Seengar Foundation The tremendous amount of data and information received as a result of this unprecedented initiative has been managed and analyzed into insightful ▪ Indus Resource Centre findings by Ch. M. Yasser Javed with assistance from Anas Raza, Kiran Afraz, ▪ Integrated Regional Support Sohaib Warsi, Qaiser Ahmed Abbasi, Ibrahim Mughal and a host of data entry Programme officers, who laid the foundation for further analysis and recommendations ▪ Kainaat Development Association for electoral reforms. The GIS expert Adeel Arif helped map the constituencies. The Research and Reporting team, comprising Palwasha ▪ Karwan Community Development Mushtaq, Anum Naz, Zauq Akhter, and Usman Khan, assisted in crafting this ▪ Marvi Rural Development report and helped see it through different drafts. This list of key contributors Organization would not be complete without mentioning FAFEN’s talented Creative Design ▪ Mathini Women Development team led by Javed Khan and consisting of Salman Ibrahim and Adnan Organization Murtaza. Equally crucial was the role of the continuous monitoring and ▪ National Organization for Working evaluation of the observation program to maintain high quality standards Communities and timeliness of activities by the team led by Uzma Farogh and assisted by Fazal Karim. FAFEN's success also would not have been possible without the ▪ PAIMAN Alumni Trust extraordinary efforts by Hina Tabassum, Syed Abdul Ahad, Azhar Ali, Jublee ▪ Pakistan Press Foundation Bano, Sajjad Khattak and Javed Ali who worked long hours to process ▪ Pakistan Rural Workers Social accreditation of FAFEN's observers by the Election Commission of Pakistan Welfare Organization (ECP) at the provincial capitals. ▪ Pattan Taraqqiati Tanzeem FAFEN’s Election Information Management System (EIMS), developed by ▪ Samaj Development Foundation Information Technology (IT) team comprising Rana Amir Waqas, Nadeem ▪ Sangat Development Foundation Khan, Kamran Rao, Waqas Yousaf, Farhad Shah and Tameen Kauser under the guidance of Muzaffar Shah, played an essential role in timely acquiring ▪ Step Towards Empowerment of the required data and information. The online data management system and Pupil a specially designed mobile application enabled the observers to send ▪ Sudhaar Society election observation data through their android cell phones. In addition, the ▪ Takhleeq Foundation Finance, Administration and Operations teams led by Amjad Ali Shah and Adnan Amin, and comprising Fozia Tariq, Adnan Baber and Adeel Awan ▪ Legends Society deserve a commendation for efficiently arranging the trainings, and timely ▪ United Rural Development printing and dispatch of checklists to FAFEN organizations. Organization ▪ Youth Organization FAFEN appreciates the generous financial support of the United States Agency for International Aid (USAID). In addition, FAFEN wishes to ▪ Sustainable Social Development acknowledge the ECP for allowing this massive citizen observation of Organization GE-2018, setting a new benchmark for election transparency in Pakistan. ▪ Sungi Development Foundation ▪ Social Youth Council of Patriots ▪ UFAQ Development Organization ▪ Welfare Association Jared Hameedullah Khan Kakar FAFEN Chairperson
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▪
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General Election 2018 (GE-2018) marked the Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) observed second consecutive transfer of power from one all phases of GE-2018 (as it did during GE-2008 civilian government to another – a landmark in and GE-2013) including the pre-election the process of democratic consolidation in environment through long-term observation that Pakistan. Notwithstanding the perceptions of started on January 1, 2018 and continued until partisanship of state institutions, GE-2018 was Election Day. FAFEN’s systematic pre-election better managed, more competitive and observation was executed in two phases – at the generally more peaceful as compared to the district level prior to the announcement of the previous two general elections in 2013 and 2008. Election Program (schedule), and later Although the security environment was impacted expanding focus to the National Assembly (NA) by a few terrorist attacks on electoral candidates constituency level. FAFEN deployed 394 trained, and rallies in the weeks immediately preceding non-partisan long-term observers in all 130 Election Day, the attacks did not adversely affect districts and 272 NA constituencies across public participation in pre-election rallies in most Pakistan to observe and objectively assess the areas of the country or Election Day, July 25, 2018, following: with voter turnout of 51.5 percent.
Critical pre-electoral processes, such as voter registration, delimitation of electoral a constituencies and finalization of polling station lists; Election preparations by various election stakeholders, primarily the Election Commission of b Pakistan (ECP) and political parties; Operational challenges in the implementation of the new election law, the Elections Act c 2017, including gaps in understanding of the new law among political parties; d Trainings for election staff on election administration and management; The political environment, involving shifting loyalties by politically influential individuals and e groups; f The process of nomination and scrutiny of election candidates; Campaigning by political parties and contesting candidates during the 22-day campaign g period; h Whether electoral contestants enjoyed a “level playing field”; and i Exercise of political and electoral agency by marginalized sections of society.
FAFEN’s long-term observation generated domain, enabling improvement in the overall valuable information about challenges to the quality of electoral processes. The new elections integrity of the process, which FAFEN raised with law, which was adopted after three years of the ECP prior to the election, many of which were exhaustive deliberations by the Parliamentary promptly resolved by the election administration. Committee on Electoral Reforms (PCER), clearly One example is the ECP’s effective action to deal defined the powers of the ECP to deliver on its with impediments to women’s voting in 179 mandate of ensuring that elections are electoral areas in 41 NA constituencies. conducted “honestly, justly, fairly and in accordance with law,” as required by Article 218 Employing its new and expanded powers under (3) of the 1973 Constitution. the Elections Act 2017, the Election Commission was better able to exercise its authority on critical In addition to limiting the scope of work and electoral processes that directly fall within its legal authority of the caretaker setup, the new law
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conferred upon the ECP the status of a High government’s tenure. The amendment also Court and powers to take disciplinary action exempted the Federally Administered Tribal against officials appointed on election duty. The Areas (FATA) from the constitutional principle of ECP was also granted authority to withdraw or allocating NA seats among all federating units on suspend any public servant or person in the the basis of population proportions. As a result, service of Pakistan who is found to have only 260 of the 272 NA seats were redistributed interfered in the electoral process or disregarded among the four provinces, with Punjab receiving the Commission’s directions. Moreover, the new the greatest reduction of seats in the Lower law clearly defines measures to ensure House. transparency of various election-related The resulting delimitation of constituencies by the processes by making it binding on the ECP to use Election Commission was generally free of its website to share information with the public controversy, with most political parties largely within legally defined timeframes. accepting the final list of constituencies Consequently, GE-2018 witnessed improvements published in May 2018. While most national and in the quality of election processes particularly provincial constituencies met the legally defined related to voter registration, delimitation of principles of geographically compact areas, constituencies, nomination and scrutiny of physical features, existing boundaries of candidates, enforcement of the election administrative units, facilities of communication campaign code, establishment of polling stations and public convenience, the ECP could not and polling station management on Election satisfy the required principle of equality of vote Day. An increase of 19.7 million voters on the among seats of an Assembly, which was electoral rolls, more than five million greater than introduced as part of the 2017 reforms. A total of the increase between GE-2002 and GE-2013, is 92 national and 88 provincial constituencies one example of the ECP’s effectiveness in exceeded the legally advised variation range of enhancing citizens’ exercise of voting rights and 10 percent in population (relative to the the quality of elections. As many as 4.3 million respective national and provincial average women were added to the electoral rolls as a constituency sizes). Excessive variations in result of the ECP’s unprecedented eight-month constituency sizes were also noted. For instance, campaign to increase women’s registration as the smallest NA constituency was NA-37 Tank voters between October 2017 and May 2018. The representing 391,885 citizens, while the largest NA campaign was a highly successful public-private constituency was NA-35 Bannu with almost 1.2 partnership among the ECP, the National million citizens – effectively giving a voter in NA- Database and Registration Authority (NADRA) 35 nearly one-third the voting power of a voter in and civil society. NA-37. These deviations indicate the need for further improvement in the law by repealing the Delimitation of electoral constituencies was requirement to respect administrative boundaries another arduous task that the ECP had to in delimiting electoral constituencies. perform within an extremely short timeframe following the Twenty-Fourth Constitutional Unlike GE-2013, when the ECP had to distance Amendment Act passed by the Parliament in itself from highly-controversial actions of the December 2017, giving a one-time exception for Returning Officers (ROs) during the candidate redrawing constituency boundaries on the basis nomination and scrutiny process, the GE-2018 of provisional data of an otherwise politically process was overwhelmingly smooth in controversial population census. While the comparison. FAFEN observed the scrutiny process amendment was technically flawed on multiple of 4,073 candidates and reported only 31 counts, it was a politically astute move by the instances of ROs subjecting candidates to then-government to ensure that the elections inappropriate questioning, such as English were held in 2018 amidst political developments grammar rules or recitation of Quranic verses. The fueling speculations that they may be delayed ECP also implemented a transparent mechanism and that some extra-legal dispensation might for candidate scrutiny and posted on its website take over after the expiry of the previous the information acquired from other government
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departments in this regard, such as the Federal However, the significance and major dividends Board of Revenue (FBR), National Accountability of the new election law in terms of a better Bureau (NAB), State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), enforcement environment and improved pre- Federal investigation Agency (FIA) and utilities election electoral processes was significantly providers. under-appreciated by most commentators amid perceptions of partisanship of state institutions in GE-2018 witnessed a relatively lower level of the immediate pre-election environment. These electoral contestation in comparison to GE-2013. perceptions were fueled predominantly by the A total of 3,426 nominated candidates contested previous governing party, the Pakistan Muslim GE-2018, 26.7 percent less than the 4,671 League (Nawaz) (PMLN), whose leader, former contestants in GE-2013. Similarly, the number of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, faced nominations for minority seats saw a three- disqualification for life from membership in quarters (76.7 percent) decline, with only 44 non- Parliament as a result of the “Panama Papers” Muslim candidates filing nomination papers in court case instigated in April 2016 by then- comparison to 182 nominations in GE-2013. On opposition leader Imran Khan of the Pakistan the contrary, the number of women candidates Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). Later, the Supreme Court of both on general and women’s reserved seats Pakistan also declared Mr. Sharif ineligible to increased during GE-2018 constituting 4.5% (260 head his party by ruling that the election of a of 3,426) of the total contestants. person disqualified to become member of GE-2018 witnessed the greatest number of Parliament as head of a political party was ultra security officials (371,000) deployed on election vires to the Constitution. duties. Despite questions from some political The PMLN repeatedly alleged interference by parties, these security personnel helped ensure unnamed actors in the Pakistani “establishment” the peaceful conduct of Election Day amid after the “Panama Papers” controversy. More heightened threats of subversive acts, especially explicitly, the PMLN accused the country’s higher following the death of more than 150 people, judiciary and accountability institutions of being including two election candidates, in separate partisan in their choice of taking up cases and in suicide attacks in Peshawar and Dera Ismail Khan their verdicts. A reinvigorated accountability in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Mastung in drive by NAB in the election year only Balochistan. strengthened the PMLN’s narrative of Based on the enhanced authority of the ECP interference by the Pakistani establishment through the new Elections Act 2017, the Code of attempting to orchestrate a “desirable” result Conduct for Contesting Candidates and Political from the election. Parties was more strictly enforced during GE-2018 Though unsupportive of the PMLN’s narrative, than during previous elections. The ECP deputed another major political party, the Pakistan monitoring teams across all districts to monitor Peoples Party Parliamentarians (PPPP), also and take action promptly against any alleged interference by security officials in the irregularities or violations. During the 22-day election process. A few weeks prior to Election campaign period of GE-2018, FAFEN observers Day, former President of Pakistan and PPPP reported 4,568 violations of the ECP’s code of leader Asif Ali Zardari was placed on the Exit conduct, in comparison to more than 70,000 Control List (ECL) in relation to a money- irregularities observed during GE-2013. laundering case, though his name was later The ECP also followed the spirit of the legal deleted from the ECL based on the Supreme protection afforded to citizen observers by Court’s clarification of its earlier direction. The accrediting citizen observers more effectively resulting controversy compelled the Senate to during GE-2018 than for any previous elections. take up the issue with Senators of multiple parties Apart from the security clearance of observers, – including PPPP, Awami National Party (ANP), the process of accrediting citizen observers was PMLN, National Party (NP), Pashtoonkhwa Milli largely unproblematic. Awami Party (PkMAP), Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) and Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) – to
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support the contention that political parties were politically unsettling issues of certain structural not operating on a level playing field for electoral weaknesses in the Elections Act 2017, allowed the contestation. However, such perceptions of election process to proceed unhindered despite interference by the “establishment” were not the popular narrative to the contrary. Court substantiated by FAFEN interviews with 3,445 rulings related to a person disqualified to be party officer-bearers of 54 political parties, only member of Parliament left little space for other five percent of whom alleged having been political squabbles that might have led to a delay coerced or intimidated in any way by law in the elections, as predicted by certain media enforcement agencies (LEAs), including police, and political analysts. rangers and other security agencies. This was at Some of the higher judiciary’s decisions also odds with media reports of thousands of party strengthened the rights and entitlements of voters workers being threatened by First Information and candidates as envisaged by the law and Reports (FIRs) and potential arrest. Constitution, such as the provisional results of the Against this backdrop, the political environment population census leading to fresh delimitations before GE-2018 was polarized and highly divisive. to improve the representativeness of electoral Public denials by state institutions, including Inter constituencies. Timely judicial decisions on a Services Public Relations (ISPR) and NAB, of plethora of writ petitions challenging the ECP’s having electoral favorites did not neutralize the delimitations and the legality of nomination public perception of partisanship. The ECP papers paved the way for timely elections. remained insulated from the controversy, with With the exception of a few instances reported none of the major political parties calling into from across mutiple districts, FAFEN observed that question its neutral credentials (as was the case parties and candidates were able to campaign prior to GE-2013). In fact, several of the in a political environment free of intimidation and Commission’s decisions contributed to increasing threats from the state or other politically influential the confidence of election stakeholders. These groups at the local level. Major political parties, decisions included authorizing PMLN candidates including the PMLN, PPPP and PTI, reportedly held to contest Senate elections as independent a large number of public gatherings, indicating a candidates; advising Punjab’s caretaker competitive election campaign environment. government to take measures for the security of The majority of the observed political gatherings candidates; postponing the election in NA-60 in were held to gain political support, mobilize response to the disqualification of a PMLN voters for GE-2018, enable party figures to candidate days before the election; announce their support for another political disqualification of a PTI candidate for using party, and/or mobilize resources (such as photos of the Army Chief and Chief Justice of opening new party offices in a district). Pakistan in a campaign poster (later overturned by the Lahore High Court); advising NAB to The pre-election period of GE-2018 also witnessed abstain from arresting candidates during the fewer incidents of violence in comparison to GE- campaign; and initiating disciplinary 2013. FAFEN documented 93 incidents of political proceedings against one RO and four Assistant or electoral violence between January 2018 and ROs. July 2018 compared to 288 incidents of violence in advance of GE-2013. Nearly two-thirds of the Similarly, despite criticism from some political 2018 incidents were recorded during the two parties, several decisions of the higher judiciary months immediately preceding elections. These not only allayed public uncertainty about the incidents of violence claimed 169 lives, while 347 conduct of elections, but also helped develop people were injured. In comparison, the GE-2013 political consensus on electorally-relevant issues pre-election phase witnessed the loss of 189 lives in an otherwise divisive political environment. and injury of 667 people. Supreme Court judgments, particularly on the
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Pakistan’s 11th General Elections were held on July 25, 2018, marking the completion of a decade of continuous democratic rule under civilian governments. While successive elections and peaceful transfers of power suggest that a degree of democratic consolidation has occurred since 2008, controversies generated during each election cycle have continued to deepen pre-existing political cleavages. The significance of non-partisan election observation, a powerful tool for improving the quality of elections and enhancing citizens’ understanding and confidence in political and electoral processes, cannot be overstated in the context of Pakistan’s contemporary fragmented politics and evolving but fragile democratic system.
Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN), a nationwide coalition of 54 Pakistani civil society organizations (CSOs), has built a strong reputation over the last decade among the full range of electoral stakeholders, including the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP), political parties and the media, as the country’s first and only data-driven, credible and independent domestic election observation network. FAFEN has successfully observed three General Election (GE) held since 2008 as well as all by- elections and local government elections.
FAFEN’s election observation methodologies follow ECP’s Code of Conduct for Domestic Observers and the national election law along with international best practices for domestic election observers as articulated in the 2012 Declaration of Global Principles for Nonpartisan Election Observation and Monitoring by Citizen Organizations.These codes guide FAFEN’s election observation work, including its commitment to observe all phases of the election process.
The Observation Methodology has also taken into consideration Pakistan’s international legal commitments relevant to both election administration and election observation that are based on the country’s ratification in 2010 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and of the Convention against Corruption (CAC) in 2007. Other particularly relevant international legal obligations stem from Pakistan’s ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 1996 and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2011.
1A. Multi-Phased Election Observation Methodology
Building on the experience gained and lessons learnt from FAFEN’s nationwide observation of two preceding General Election, namely GE-2008 and GE-2013, FAFEN adopted a methodical, multi- phased approach for its observation of GE-2018. The phases of the observation exercise included:
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Pre-Election Pre-Election Election Day Post-Election Long-Term Medium-Term Observation Observation Observation Observation
The geographical scope of the observation exercise, beginning at the onset of the election year in January 2018, included130 districts and 272 National Assembly (NA) constituencies across Pakistan. The observers for each observation phase received training on the new consolidated election law, the Elections Act, 2017, and the election rules derived from it, along with the ECP’s Code of Conduct for Domestic Observers. The scope and focus of each observation phase are described below:
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1A.1 Pre-Election Long-Term Observation
Beginning in January 2018, the focus of FAFEN’s Observation Period January to May 2018 pre-election long-term observation phase included the local political environment and Observation Scope 130 Districts implementation of election-related laws and Type of Observers District Coordinators rules. This phase involved 130 District Coordinators (DCs) deployed in each district, whose No. of Observers 130 responsibilities included the observation of the following processes and events in their respective districts:
Finalization of Electoral Rolls Preparation of electoral rolls is the foremost responsibility of any election management body. According to projected estimates, approximately 20 million eligible voters may be missing on Pakistan’s electoral rolls, two-thirds of whom are women, largely because these potential voters do not possess the National Identity Card (NIC) required for registering as voters. The Elections Act 2017, which unified and reformed electoral legislation in Pakistan, includes provisions for affirmative action to bridge the gender gap on electoral rolls. In accordance with these provisions, the ECP ran a massive voter registration campaign ahead of GE-2018, registering almost 8.9 million voters during the six months before the closing of the registration process.
In January 2018, FAFEN DCs interviewed District Election Commissioners (DECs) to assess their understanding of the voter registration process as defined in the new election law. DCs also observed meetings of District Voter Education Committees (DVECs) set up by the ECP to supplement its voter registration efforts. In addition, each FAFEN DC conducted a day-long observation of NADRA Registration Centers (NRCs) in their respective districts to assess the capacity of registration centers to facilitate citizens’ applications for NICs. The DCs also observed the display of electoral rolls at the ECP’s Display Centers prior to their finalization for GE-2018.
Delimitation of Constituencies The 6th Housing and Population Census, completed in 2017, prompted the need to redraw the boundaries of electoral constituencies. In the interest of time, the Parliament gave the ECP a one-time exception to carry out fresh delimitations on the basis of provisional census results in lieu of officially published results as required by the constitution. Complying with the provisions of the Elections Act 2017, and the Constitution (Twenty-fifth Amendment) Act, 2017, the ECP carried out fresh delimitation of electoral constituencies for national and provincial assemblies ahead of GE-2018. FAFEN interviewed district leaders of over 50 political parties and the voters filing appeals or objections on the preliminary proposals to gather their perceptions regarding the impartiality of the delimitation process and its adherence to delimitation principles as laid out in the law. FAFEN observers interviewed political party representatives in March 2018 following the publication of the Preliminary Report on Delimitation of Constituencies, and interviewed voters who had filed objections to the preliminary proposals during April 2018.
Political Environment FAFEN’s observation of the political environment included gathering the perceptions of political parties regarding the level playing field for electoral contestation, their understanding of the ‘new’ election law, observation of political gatherings, and incidents of political and electoral violence. Additionally, FAFEN DCs observed local political alliances, party-switching by political leaders, and changing affiliations of ethnic, tribal and professional groups. FAFEN DCs identified up to five electorally relevant political parties or groups in their respective districts and held monthly interviews with their local leaders
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from January 2018 till May 2018. The observers also chronicled the incidents of political and electoral violence reported in the local press or observed directly.
Participation of Marginalized Groups FAFEN conducted Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) to identify barriers to the electoral participation of marginalized groups, including women and religious minorities1. FAFEN DCs conducted three FGDs in their respective districts during the month of February 2018, each with a group of women local government councilors, minority councilors and minority community members.
1A.2 Pre-Election Medium-Term Observation
With the announcement of the Election Program Observation Period June to July 2018 in May 2018, FAFEN’s pre-election observation expanded its focus from the district to the Observation Scope 272 NA Constituencies constituency level with the deployment of 264 Type of Observers Constituency Coordinators trained Constituency Coordinators (CCs)2. The CCs interviewed District Returning Officers No. of Observers 264 (DROs), ROs, election candidates, and citizens while also observing electoral processes and campaigns in 13,350 methodically sampled electoral areas [census blocks] across 270 constituencies (50 electoral areas in each constituency) as election in two constituencies was postponed. This phase included observation of the following processes:
Establishment of Polling Stations The observation of polling stations aimed to assess the compliance of the process with the timeline provided in the Elections Act 2017, and the election rules derived from the law. The assessment was made through observation of the Preliminary List of Polling Stations issued by ROs, hearings of objections on the preliminary list by DROs and voters’ perceptions regarding the fairness of the selection of polling station sites. FAFEN CCs interviewed ROs and DROs and/or collected relevant information from their offices to assess adherence to the legally stipulated timeline for establishing polling stations. The CCs also interviewed up to five voters who objected to the Preliminary List of Polling Stations at each DRO’s office. Additionally, CCs visited the proposed polling stations and documented the availability of basic amenities including boundary walls, clean drinking water, toilets, and ramps for wheel-chair-bound voters.
Scrutiny Process of Nominated Candidates FAFEN CCs observed the entire scrutiny process of nominated candidates conducted in the offices of ROs during the period specified for this purpose.
Candidates’ Perceptions about Critical Election Processes FAFEN CCs interviewed electoral candidates or their appointed election agents during the first week of the campaign period to assess their perceptions regarding the fairness of critical election processes, including voter registration, delimitation, establishment of polling stations, nomination and scrutiny processes, roles of election officials and caretaker governments, and level-playing field for electoral contestants.
1 Detailed findings are compiled in a separate report. 2 In districts with only one National Assembly constituency, the DCs performed the role of CCs.
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Campaigning and Canvassing for Elections In the sampled electoral areas, CCs monitored the implementation of the ECP’s Code of Conduct for Political Parties and Contesting Candidates and documented the presence of campaign materials that defied the code. They also interviewed three citizens including one woman in each sampled electoral area to gauge their experience and perceptions regarding elections.
Meetings with Election Officials CCs observed ECP’s preparations for elections by interviewing DROs and ROs at the beginning of the medium-term observation phase in early June 2018 and during the final week of the election campaign period in July 2018. Additionally, CCs held meetings with ECP-appointed DMOs during the final week of the campaign period.
1A.3 Election Day Observation
For Election Day, FAFEN trained 17,725 Observation Period July 25,2018 nonpartisan citizen Election Day Observers (EDOs) to observe polling day processes at Observation Scope 270 NA Constituencies around 60,000 polling stations nationwide, and Election Day Observers subsequently deployed 16,429 observers on Type of Observers Election Day. In GE-2013, FAFEN deployed 40,742 (EDOs) and CCs observers, while 18,829 observers in GE-2008. The No. of Observers 16,429 EDOs and 264 CCs following table represents regional distribution of Election Day observers deployed for GE-2018:
KP Punjab
including FATA
9,088 observers 2,950 observers
Sindh Balochistan
3,568 observers 646 observers
ICT Overall
177 observers 16,429 observers
These citizen observers visited up to four polling stations each on Election Day to directly observe and report on the election environment inside and outside polling stations, instances of electoral and political violence, pre-voting preparations at polling stations, and voting and counting processes inside polling stations. Each observer spent nearly one hour at each polling station to observe polling processes. In addition, the CCs observed the process of preparing provisional and final results at each RO office.
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1A.4 Post-Election Observation
Candidates’ Perceptions about the Quality of Observation Election Day Processes August 2018 onwards Period Following the announcement of provisional results, Observation 272 NA Constituencies and FAFEN interviewed candidates to document their Scope 15 Election Tribunals perceptions regarding the polling day processes. Type of CCs and Legal Meetings with Election Officials Observers Researchers Following the results’ consolidation process, CCs No. of 264 CCs and 20 Legal reached out to election officials (DECs, DROs and Observers Researchers ROs) to gauge their level of satisfaction with the Election Day processes.
Election Disputes Resolution Process For the post-election phase, FAFEN has deployed 20 legal researchers (lawyers) to observe and report on the election disputes resolution process in 15 election tribunals formed by the ECP.
1B. Automated Solutions for Observation and Reporting
An innovative Election Information Management System (EIMS) was deployed in order to improve FAFEN’s data management and to enhance public access to election-related information, including observation findings. As part of EIMS, FAFEN developed a robust android-based mobile application (‘App’) for observer reporting throughout the day. However, due to restrictions on the use of mobile phones inside polling stations, EDOs were able to report on this App only after the end of their day’s observation.
In addition, FAFEN set up a call centre equipped with voice messaging and SMS capabilities. Trained representatives at this multi-purpose Call Centre in Islamabad interviewed contesting candidates or their election agents in all provinces and ICT to inquire about their perceptions regarding the overall fairness of the polling process on Election Day.
Call Centre representatives also gathered information from DCs and CCs observing the general electoral environment on Election Day. They also spoke with 10% of the 16,429 deployed observers to verify data received via the App.
1C. Parallel Vote Tabulation
A Parallel Vote Tabulation (PVT) compares the observed vote count in a sample of polling stations with the compiled election result for that constituency in order to provide evidence that confirms or disputes the official election result. PVT methodology was developed over 20 years ago and has been applied in many countries around the world by international and domestic election monitoring organizations as a proven analytical method for verifying the accuracy of government vote counts. The PVT is based on direct observation of vote counting in a scientifically-verifiable, robust sample of the polling stations in each constituency.
Experience with past PVTs has shown that drawing a sample of 25-30 polling stations provides sufficient data, within a relatively small margin of sampling error, to assess the reasonableness of official election
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results. Adding additional polling stations to the sample, even when the number of total polling stations is large, would not improve the margins of sampling error dramatically.
Although the PVT cannot measure other election-related problems like vote buying, voter intimidation, ballot box stuffing, or the use of ghost polling stations, PVTs are designed to identify potential inaccuracies in the official count by comparing it with actual observed and verified vote counts at sampled polling stations. The PVT can help detect centralized changes in vote counts if the percentage of vote in official count differs in a statistically significant way from the percentages calculated from the PVT sample. In cases in which Election Commission releases polling-station level election results, PVT counts for sampled polling stations and ECP polling station data can be compared directly. The Judicial Commission formed to investigate rigging in the GE-2013 relied on FAFEN’s PVT analysis in its report.
1D. Quality Assessment of Election Results
FAFEN analyzed and assessed election results by utilizing official ECP documents in order to objectively measure the quality of election results. The assessment involved scrutiny of compliance of the results management process with election laws and rules, and document materiality of irregularities and illegalities, if any, on the overall election result. The assessment used the following election forms:
▪ Form-28 (List of Polling Stations for a Constituency) ▪ Form-33 (List of Contesting Candidates) ▪ Election Vote Count and Result Forms o Form-45 (Result of the Count) o Form-46 (Ballot Paper Account) o Form-47 (Provisional Consolidated Statement of Results of the Count) o Form-48 (Consolidated Statement of the Results of the Count Furnished by the Presiding Officers) o Form-49 (Final Consolidated Result)
The assessment broadly covered the following checks:
1. Availability of relevant 2. Authenticity of relevant forms: 3. Completeness of relevant forms: whether or not the whether or not the relevant forms forms: whether or not the relevant forms are publicly bear authorized seals and relevant forms are duly filled available signatures
4. Correctness of relevant forms: 5. Consistency of relevant forms: whether or not the relevant forms are correctly whether or not the relevant forms contain filled i.e. calculations, etc. consistent information
Additionally, the assessment methodology included comparing the information available on the ECP website with FAFEN’s election observation findings. The findings of the assessment were used to measure and aggregate the scale of illegalities and irregularities at the polling station and constituency levels. The aggregated illegalities and irregularities were compared with the margin of victory (MoV) to determine overall impact of these deviations on the election outcome.
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1E. Deviations and Limitations
FAFEN’s observation methodology initially envisaged dividing EDOs into mobile and static categories with the former moving from one polling station to another throughout the day and the latter staying at a single polling station for the entire day. This, however, could not be implemented due to a provision in the Code of Conduct for Security Officials that allowed observers to stay in any polling station only for a “brief duration”. This guideline compelled a last-minute change in FAFEN’s observation methodology, shifting all static observers to mobile observers. Moreover, as mentioned earlier, EDOs were trained to report their observation findings throughout the Election Day using FAFEN’s election observation App. However, ECP restriction on carrying mobile phones inside polling stations restricted the use of this App to only reporting at the end of the day.
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2A. Background
Preparing accurate and complete electoral rolls was a major task for the ECP prior to GE-2018.3 Considering the FAFEN DCs Gauged the Quality of Voter Registration Process by: extent of under-registration, the ECP made commendable efforts to create an environment conducive for maximizing voter registration ahead of Observing NIC Interviewing the elections. As mentioned earlier, the election registration at DECs administration developed and implemented NRCs innovative measures in the form of voter education campaigns, collaborations with government Observing departments, political parties, CSOs and citizen-groups Observing ECP Display for enhancing voter registration. This period witnessed DVEC Centres and an unparalleled rate of increase in registered voters meetings Preliminary between any two election cycles since 2002. Electoral Rolls
An audit of the electoral rolls conducted by FAFEN in To assess the voter registration drive, 2016 had revealed that an estimated 20 million citizens FAFEN’s DCs observed 373 NRCs, of voting age, including over 10 million women, may be interviewed 131 DECs, monitored 211 DVEC meetings, and observed 474 unregistered as voters. The statistical audit’s findings led display centers. to the first-ever public acknowledgment of the enormous disparity between the percentage of eligible women and men who were registered to vote.
The majority of unregistered individuals in Pakistan do not posses NICs, a pre-requisite for voter registration, therefore, it was imperative to observe the capacity and performance of NADRA in order to mitigate the voter registration issue. Moreover, with the new election law, the ECP along with NADRA had to jointly implement work on the enormous task of maximizing voter registration ahead of GE-2018.
2B. Voter Registration Process
3 According to Section 14 (1) of the Elections Act, 2017, “The Commission shall, at least four months before the general election is due to be held on expiry of the term of an Assembly, prepare a comprehensive Action Plan specifying all legal and administrative measures that have been taken or [are] required to be taken in respect of the election including … (b) revision of the electoral rolls….”
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According to the Elections Act 2017, NADRA is bound to NADRA shall transmit relevant data of transmit fresh NIC data to the ECP for registration of the card- every fresh NIC issued by it to the holder as a voter in the electoral rolls of the electoral area in Commission for registration of the which his/her permanent or temporary address is located (as card-holder as a voter in the indicated in the NIC application). After enrolling all eligible electoral roll of the electoral area in citizens as voters, the ECP prepares and publishes preliminary which his permanent or temporary electoral rolls which are displayed at designated Display address is located. The Authority shall Centers for the purpose of receiving and deciding claims, also transmit to the Commission objections and applications for corrections. relevant data of every cancelled or During the Display Period, any person may file an application modified NIC, information regarding for inclusion of a name in the electoral roll or transfer of name deceased voters and such other from one electoral area to another using Form-15 (Claim for details as may be required by the Inclusion of Name), for an objection to the inclusion of any Commission for the purposes of this name in the electoral roll using Form-16 (Objection to the Act. Inclusion of Name), or for correction of any entry in the Sections 25(1) and (2) of the preliminary electoral rolls using Form-17 (Application for Elections Act, 2017 Correction of Particulars in the Electoral Roll). After taking decisions on the claims, objections and applications, the ECP publishes the final electoral rolls for each electoral area. The same procedure is used for periodic revision of electoral rolls.
In addition to the periodic revisions, a citizen may apply for fresh enrolment as a voter or transfer his/her vote from one electoral area to another using Form-21 (Enrolment/ Transfer of Vote), deletion of an entry using Form-22 (Deletion of Vote) and correction of an entry using Form-23 (Correction of Particulars of a Voter) at anytime except during the period beginning 30-days prior to the day on which the term of an Assembly or a local government is due to expire till announcement of the results of the general election to the Assembly or the local government.
2C. Observation of the Voter Enrolment Process at the District Level
Unlike the Election Day, which is directly supervised by respective DROs and ROs appointed from the judiciary, the voter registration exercise at the local level is directly managed by the ECP’s DECs – an exercise which the Commission executes and monitors itself for yielding results prior to the Election Day. In order to understand the challenges faced by DECs and other procedures adopted in the follow-up to the enactment of the Elections Act 2017, FAFEN conducted interviews of 117 DECs to inquire about the measures being taken for voter registration that include the processes or procedures, and the data sharing mechanisms.
2C.1 Lack of Clarity about Information Sharing Mechanism
Between ECP and NADRA The new Elections Act 2017 binds NADRA to transmit the registration data of citizens to the Commission for registration of voters in the electoral roll of the electoral area in which his/her permanent ortemporary address is located, in accordance with the option indicated by the voters in the application for issuance of the NIC. As many as 108 DECs stated that fresh NIC data was being shared by NADRA with the ECP through various channels including postal mail, internet and the Computerized Electoral Rolls System (CERS), whereas four DECs stated that there was no formal mechanism between the two institutions. Three DECs admitted that they were unaware of the process or procedure, while two DECs declined to comment.
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2C.2 Lack of Clarity about Information Sharing Mechanism
Between ECP and DECs According to the Elections Act 2017, the data received by the Commission from NADRA regarding fresh, cancelled or The Commission shall forward the modified NIC will be shared with the DECs for taking data received from NADRA of fresh appropriate measures for voter registration. When inquired citizens’ registration to the about the process of the information sharing between the Registration Officer concerned who ECP and DECs, as many as 92 DECs said that the ECP shall take steps for enrolment or, as the case may be, correction in the Secretariat was directly sharing fresh NIC data with them for relevant electoral roll in accordance revisions in the electoral rolls, while 22 DECs said that the data with such procedure as may be was shared with them through the Provincial Election prescribed Commissioners (PECs) and Regional Election Commissioners (RECs). Three DECs were not aware of the information- Sections 25(3) of the Elections Act, sharing mechanism or process. These findings indicate that 2017 the Commission has not adopted a uniform procedure for sharing information with registration officers.
2C.3 Obsolete Registration Process Adopted by a Number of DECs
When asked to describe the process of registration, anumber of the interviewed DECs referred to the old law, indicating A person may apply for transfer of his the challenges confronted by the ECP in implementing the name from the electoral roll of one provisions of the Elections Act 2017. When asked about the electoral area to the electoral roll of procedure for fresh enrolment of voters on the electoral rolls, another electoral area with the the majority of the interviewed DECs (82 of 117) referred to appropriate… the voter registration procedure described in the Elections The Registration Officer may further Act 2017, however, as many as 32 DECs decribed the correct any clerical, printing or other process in a different manner. With the new election law, error subsequently discovered in the and in order to enhance the efficacy of the voter registration roll but not so as to include in it or process, the DECs had to adopt new forms for the purposes exclude from it, the name of any of registration, deletion, correction and transfers. FAFEN’s voter. interviews revealed that some DECs were using the older Sections 31, 34 of the Elections Act, forms in at least 32 districts; FAFEN DCs reported that they 2017 were using Form-A for the purpose of fresh enrolment. Form- A, prescribed under the repealed Electoral Rolls Act 1974 has been replaced by Form-21, as prescribed by the new law.
Two of 117 DECs reported that they were using older forms because they had not received the new enrolment forms An electoral roll as revised and prescribed by the Election Rules 2017. Moreover, three DECs corrected shall be maintained by the mentioned requirements for fresh enrolment which were in Registration Officer in the prescribed addition to the existing legal provisions -- one of them said manner and shall be kept open to that a person applying for enrolment on the electoral rolls public inspection; and any person, was required to attach his/her parents’ NIC in addition to a on paymentof prescribed fee, may obtain copies of the electoral roll. copy of his/her own NIC with the application while the remaining two required an applicant’s proof of residence in Sections 41 (1) and (2) of the the electoral area where s/he was applying to register as a Elections Act, 2017 voter.
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2C.4 Lack of Clarity in Handling Information Requests by
Citizens and Candidates According to the Elections Act 2017, DECs were required to maintain the registration data in a format which is readily available for public inspection, and can be shared with citizens and candidates on request. Such an information sharing mechanism can potentially assist the ECP in significantly enhancing the registration of voters. Of the 117 DECs interviewed by FAFEN, 80 said that they either directly shared voter statistics with inquiring citizens and candidates after receiving written requests or sought the ECP’s approval prior to sharing the requested information. As many as 36 DECs either did not receive information requests or were not sharing information, while the response from one DEC was unclear.
2C.5 Special Measures for Enhancing Registration
of Women, PWDs and Minorities as Voters Sections 47 and 48 of the Elections Act 2017 require the ECP to adopt special measures for enhancing the registration of The Commission shall annually publish women, PWDs and minorities as voters. For this purpose, the disaggregated data of registered ECP formed a dedicated Gender and Disability Group men and women. Where the tasked with mitigating the issues impeding the voter variation in the disaggregated data registration of individulas belonging to each of these groups. is more than ten percent in a constituency (between men and According to statistics released by the ECP in March 2018, a women), the Commission shall take total of 12.66 million eligible women remained unregistered special measures to reduce such as voters. The ECP publicly emphasized the need to register variation. women as voters and explicitly encouraged political parties The Commission shall take special to take action in this regard. More significantly, the ECP measures for registration of non- launched its Women NIC and Voter Registration Campaign Muslims, persons with disabilities and to minimize the gender gap on the electoral rolls. The transgender citizens in the electoral campaign benefitted from the FAFEN’s methodology for the rolls as voters identification and facilitation of unregistered women. Under this strategy, the ECP with the support of civil society Sections 47 and 48 of the Elections developed synergies with all stakeholders, primarily civil Act, 2017 society and NADRA, to facilitate the registration of women across Pakistan.
Between October 2017 and May 2018, the ECP’s efforts to deliver on its expanded mandate vis-à-vis the Elections Act ECP’s Unprecedented Women 2017, and to enhance the registration of women as voters Registration Campaign yielded an additional 4.3 million women on the electoral rolls. The ECP officially launched its The campaign, supported by NADRA and CSOs, evidenced “Women NIC and Voter Registration a highly successful public-private partnership. However, the Campaign” in December 2017 to gender deficit on the electoral rolls remains large, with 12.48 minimize the gender gap on the million (as of August 2018) fewer women than men registered electoral rolls. The Commission as voters. Persistent and coordinated efforts, like those publicly emphasized the need for initiated by the ECP in 2017, are required to be continued in women’s registration as voters and order to eliminate the gender gap before the next General explicitly encouraged political parties Elections in 2023. A total of 19.7 million voters – 10.6 million to take up the issue ahead of GE- men and 9.1 million women – were added to the electoral 2018. rolls since May 2013, swelling the total number of registered voters to 105.9 million. This rate of increase in the number of registered voters between any two election cycles is unparalleled. In contrast, 5.3 million voters were added to the electoral lists between GE-2008
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and GE-2013, whereas 8.9 million voters were added to the list between the General Elections of 2002 and 2008.
Regarding PWDs and minorities, whose registration as voters also requires urgent attention, no data on their registration status and population sizes are available.
The Commission was required to maintain disaggregated data in order to avoid any variations between male and female voters. Almost all the DECs interviewed revealed that this data was being maintained for men and women; however, such information may have been maintained for PWDs and minorities, but was not made public. A total of 73 DECs said that they were maintaining voter data disaggregated by gender, PWDs and minority status, while 18 DECs said that they were not maintaining such statistics. As many as 25 DECs said that they were maintaining only gender- disaggregated data, while one DEC’s response was unclear.
Similarly as part of the special measures for enhancing voter registration, the Commission established District Voter Education Committees (DVECs)in all districts under the supervision of DECs. These committees, comprised of local NADRA officials and civil society representatives, were tasked with helping the voter education and registration process, and identifying unregistered women, PWDs and miniroties within districts. The overwhelming majority (111) of interviewed DECs were satisfied with the performance of DVECs and opined that they were playing an important role in educating citizens and getting them registered as voters.
2C.6 Challenges Faced by DECs
The interviews also revealed various challenges faced by district election officials during the voter registration process. Figure 2C.1 illustrates these challenges, which either impacted their abilities to work optimally or were deep-rooted barriers dominating local contexts.
FIGURE 2C.1 Challenges Faced During Voter Registration
Lack of Awareness Local Cultural Insufficient Security Concerns Staffing Issues/ Among General Settings Time till Elections in the District Understaffed Public
Lack of Problems in District's Cooperation by Unavailability of Verification of Acquiring Data Geographical District New Forms Voters' Addresses from NADRA Vastness Administration
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2D. Observation of NADRA Registration Centers (NRCs)
With the enactment of the Elections Act 2017, it became binding on NADRA to maximize citizens’ registration for enhancing voters enrolment on the 151 electoral rolls. In order to assess the capacity of NADRA, FAFEN observed 373 73 80 NRCs across Pakistan. FAFEN DCs spent 54 an entire day at each assigned NRC to 14 1 observe its capacity for processing NICs, and document administrative and other Khyber FATA ICT Punjab Sindh Balochistan hurdles for citizens in acquiring NICs. In Pakhtunkhwa addition, DCs interviewed at least three citizens outside each observed NRC to further inquire about the problems they were facing in acquiring NICs. Figure 2D.1 illustrates the regional distribution of NRCs observed by FAFEN.
Of the 1,520 citizens interviewed at the NRCs, as many as 392 faced challenges in acquiring NICs and getting themselves registered as voters. Figure 2D.2 illustrates the issues faced by varying proportions of the citizens interviewed at NRCs.
44%
32%
17% 8% 5% 4%
Non-Cooperative Lack of Facility (i.e., Large distance Lack of Staff and Issues of IT Excessive NADRA Staff sitting arrangement, between NRC and Overcrowding Equipment / Power Documentation drinking water etc.) Community Outages Requirements
2E. Appraisal of the ECP’s Voter Registration Campaign by Political
Parties at the Local Level
Political parties in Pakistan are generally perceived to be indifferent towards critical election processes unless there is an issue that negatively impacts their electoral prospects. In order to assess the local political environment and implementation of election-related laws, rules and regulations, FAFEN conducted interviews of various party office-bearers. In these interviews, DCs also inquired about parties’ satisfaction with the voter registration efforts of the ECP and NADRA at the local level.
Of 3,591 party representatives interviewed, 613 expressed dissatisfaction with the ECP’s voter registration campaign. Citing multiple reasons for their dissatisfaction, the majority of them accused the ECP of favoring certain political parties or influential groups. A number of respondents were of the opinion that the ECP was working in isolation and lacked proper coordination with political parties. A few respondents expressed reservations regarding the provisional census results, claiming that the reported population sizes of their districts were not realistic. Other complaints about voter registration included
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the ECP’s alleged failure to run an effective voter education campaign, registering voters on wrong addresses, ignoring far-off areas and the DVEC being inactive. As shown in Table 2E.1, the party representatives who expressed dissatisfaction over the voter registration efforts of the ECP were affiliated with PTI, JUI-F and PMLN.
Party-wise Distribution of Party Representatives Who Expressed Dissatisfaction with the TABLE 2E.1 ECP’s Voter Registration Efforts
Number of Party representatives who expressed dissatisfaction with Name of the Political Party the ECP’s voter registration efforts Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 89 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam 69 (Fazal) Pakistan Muslim League 66 (Nawaz) Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan 58 Pakistan Peoples Party 83 Parliamentarians Pakistan Muslim League 33 Awami National Party 32 Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan 20 Balochistan National Party 18 Sindh United Party 18 National Party 18 Pakistan Muslim League 17 (Functional) Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami 15 Party Sindh Taraqi Passand Party 11 (STP) Other parties4 66 Total 613
Similarly, responding to queries regarding the provisionof Mobile Registration Vans (MRVs) by NADRA, as many as 1,535 of the 3,591 party representatives said that they were unable to procure MRVs for voter registration purposes in their respective areas. Of the remaining respondents, 1,458 said that NADRA provided MRVs on request while 598 had not requested MRVs from NADRA (refer to Table 2E.2).
Party-wise Distribution of Party Representatives Who Expressed Dissatisfaction with TABLE 2E.2 NADRA’s Provision of MRVs
Number of Party representatives Name of the Political Party who expressed dissatisfaction with NADRA Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 251 Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan 189 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (Fazal) 171 Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 148 Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 228
4Other parties include MQM-P, AWP, PSP, PAT, PST, QWP, APML, BNAP, PNML, AMLP, PPP-SB, BNP-A, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaniat, Mohajir Qaumi Movement, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Ijtihad, SIC, PMLP, JUI-S, MMAP, PPPP-Patriot, and independent candidates.
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Number of Party representatives Name of the Political Party who expressed dissatisfaction with NADRA Awami National Party 71 Balochistan National Party 62 National Party 53 Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan 51 Pakistan Muslim League 49 Pakistan Muslim League (Functional) 31 Muttahida Qaumi Movement Pakistan 22 Pak Sarzameen Party 20 Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 19 Balochistan National Party (Awami) 18 Sindh United Party 16 Sindh Taraqi Passand Party 15 Qaumi Watan Party 14 Pakistan Sunni Tehreek 12 Mohajir Qaumi Movement Pakistan 11 Pakistan Peoples Party (Shaheed Bhutto) 11 Other parties5 73 Total 1,535
2F. Observation of the Display Period
FAFEN observed 474 Display Centres established by the ECP across Pakistan for updating electoral rolls during April, 2018. The preliminary electoral rolls Nearly 35% or 167 centres were observed in Punjab, 22% or prepared under section 26, together with a notice inviting claims, 105 in Balochistan, 20% or 97 in Sindh, 17% or 81 in KP, four objections and applications for percent or 20 in FATA and one percent or four in ICT. corrections, if any, with respect FAFEN observers spent an entire day at each of the 474 thereto, shall be published and Display Centres to observe the processes of correction, displayed by the Registration Officer deletion and transfer of vote. During their observation, FAFEN for a period of not less than thirty days observers also interviewed 2,230 citizens who visited the Sections 29 of the Elections Act, 2017 centres for facilitation by election officials as well as the personnel in-charge of each Display Centre. FAFEN’s key observations of the Display Period are shown in Figure 2E.1.
5 Other parties include NPP, AWP, MMAP, HDP, NMP, PNML, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaniat, JWP, APML, TPP, BNAP, PAT, PPPP-Patriot, Pakistan Masihi League, QAT, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Ijtihad, PML-SB, PIKT, APP, SIC, JQM, JUP-N, JUP, AMLP, and independent candidates.
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FIGURE 2F.1 Key Findings of Display Centres Observation
Concerned Electoral Rolls were missing at nine Display Centres. Four out of 16 Display Centres 1 in FATA did not have Electoral Rolls
2 17 Display Centres had the Electoral Rolls but they were not displayed for citizens to view
29 Display Centres did not have Forms 15, 16, 17 which are used for inclusion of name in the 3 electoral roll of an area, object to the inclusion of a name in an electoral roll or correct the particulars of voters, respectively
221 Display Centres were observed taking undue break(s) during official duty hours, while the 4 personnel in-charge in 20 Display Centres were making people wait unnecessarily
Personnel In-charge in seven Display Centres were observed asking voters about their political 5 or religious affiliations during their visit to the Centre.
At two places, Display Centres in-charge personnel were witnessed giving preferential 6 treatment to voters of a particular party
Personnel in-charge in 159 Display Centres said they had not been trained by the ECP prior to 7 assuming their duties
47 personnel in-charge reported facing difficulties in managing the work at Display Centres. 8 Their problems included lack of staff training, lack of awareness among voters, shortage of necessary forms and logistical issues
11 incidents of violence at Display Centres were observed; five of these were reported from 9 Balochistan, three from Punjab, two from Sindh and one from KP
As many as 117 (5%) respondents reported a distance longer than five kilometers between Display Centres and their residences. Nearly six percent, or 136 respondents, claimed to have faced difficulties in reaching the Display Centres; more than half of them (78) said that they had trouble reaching the centres because they were located at long distances from their residences, whereas 27 people had trouble locating Display Centres due to absence of adequate guiding signs and 21 respondents cited lack of transport facilities. Other factors that reportedly limited citizens’ access to Display Centres included cultural constraints.
The majority (71% or 1,589) of the interviewed citizens visited Display Centers to apply for vote changes, including additions of names on electoral rolls for the first time, transfer of vote and deletion of names from the rolls. As many as 14 respondents stated that the personnel in-charge at Display Centres did not facilitate them in locating their names on the electoral rolls despite requests. Moreover, 12 respondents claimed that the respective Display Centers in-charge did not take their thumb impressions or signatures after filling the application forms on their behalf. Around 561 respondents said the respective Display Centers in-charge refused to accept their forms while 19 voters alleged having received demands for bribes by the personnel in-charge in exchange for various services provided at the centers. Furthermore, voters reported facing shortage of forms, late opening or early closure, and absence of electoral rolls as major difficulties at the Display Centers.
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3A. Delimitation of Electoral Constituencies:
Significance and Context
3A.1 Significance of Delimitation
In the electoral context, delimitation refers to the process of drawing the boundaries of electoral constituencies. Periodic delimitation is necessary for ensuring equitable political representation, especially in a representative system such as Pakistan’s with single-member constituencies. This is because demographic changes - stimulated by various phenomena such as migration - can produce significant population inequities across electoral constituencies over the course of several years. In simple terms, the population shifts impact the numbers of citizens represented by each seat in a legislature. Redistributing population at regular intervals to ensure numerical homogeneity of citizens represented by each seat, within acceptable bounds of variation, is key to upholding the principle of equality of vote and, consequently, improving the quality of elections and public trust in the process.
3A.2 Delimitation in the Election Year
Fresh delimitation of constituencies for the NA and PAs was necessitated by the Sixth Housing and Population Census, conducted in the first half of 2017, for two key reasons:
1 2
Pakistan’s Constitution requires redrawing of the The provisional results of the census showed boundaries of electoral constituencies after the significant population growth since the last results of a population census have been census conducted in 1998, accompanied by officially published. considerable variations in the growth rates of provinces and districts. Since the number of seats allocated to provinces and districts in legislative assemblies is proportionate to their respective shares in total population, holding elections in constituencies drawn almost two decades ago may have generated controversies regarding the “representativeness” of election results.
However, with the approaching expiry of legislative assemblies elected in 2013, delays by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) in publishing official census results prompted the urgency to conduct delimitation on the basis of provisional census results. The schedule announced by PBS for officially publishing census results left inadequate time for carrying out the delimitation exercise prior to the anticipated General Elections in July 2018. Since the Constitution of Pakistan does not include provisions for redrawing electoral constituencies on the basis of provisional census data, the Parliament sought a constitutional amendment permitting one-time exception for delimiting constituencies using provisional census results. Amidst controversy emerging from disputes over the re-allocation of each province’s share of NA seats, the political imperative of holding elections on their expected schedule prevailed, and the amendment was passed in the latter part of December 2017. The amendment also provided for an exception to FATA from the latest delimitation’s purview.6Figure 3A.1 illustrates the timeline of these developments.
The amendment, however, did not include provisions for increasing the total numbers of NA or PA constituencies (or seats), due to which the ECP had to redistribute the population among the existing
6 FATA’s share of seats in the NA are not proportionate to its population share. Prior to its merger with KP, the region did not have its own legislative assembly and, so, required disproportionately large representation in the national legislature.
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number of constituencies in the four provinces, FATA and ICT. The resultant shares of NA general seats allocated to each region are shown in Table 3A.1.
TABLE 3A.1 Differences in Regional Shares of National Assembly General Seats
General Seats in National Assembly Region Pre-Census 2017 Post-Census 2017 Difference
Punjab 148 141 -7
KP 35 39 +4
Sindh 61 61 -
Balochistan 14 16 +2
FATA 12 12 -
ICT 2 3 +1
Total 272 272 0
FIGURE 3A.1 Timeline of Major Developments
3 1 May 2017: PBS 2 Dec 2017: March 2018: 4 May 2018: ECP concludes Parliament passes ECP releases completes Population constitutional Preliminary Report delimitation of Census amendment to of proposed constituencies August 2017: PBS allow delimitation delimitations of May 2018: ECP announces using provisional NA and PA announces provisional census census results constituencies Election Program results December 2017: April, 2018: ECP for GE-2018 November 2017: 24th invites Parliament seeks Constitiutional constituents to file Consitutional Amendment Bill is objections, Amendment to passed, allowing formally called conduct delimitation on 'representations' delimitation using the basis of provisional census provisional census results results December 2017: Delimitation process formally begins
3A.3 Delimitation Principles and Rules
The Constitution and the Elections Act 2017 empower the ECP to divide each province into territorial constituencies for the purpose of election to the national and provincial assemblies. Section 20 of the Elections Act 2017 specifies the principles to be adhered to for ensuring the creation of homogeneous constituencies. According to these principles, the constituencies should be geographically compact and the areas to be included in a constituency should have uniform physical features, and facilities for communications and public convenience. The Act also requires constituencies to remain within limits of the existing boundaries of the administrative units, as far as practicable. Nevertheless, provincial governments have powers to change the boundaries of the administrative units arbitrarily, therefore, disturbing the sharing of political power among constituencies crafted with a view of the original
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boundaries. In order to uphold the principle of equality of vote, the law further specifies an ordinarily permissible range of variation (±10%) in population sizes between two constituencies. In exceptional situations where this principle is not practicable to follow, the ECP is required to record the reasons in writing. Previously, the law encouraged homogeneity in the population sizes of constituencies but did not specify the extent by which they could vary.
The laws governing delimitation in the Elections Act 2017 (and their associated rules) are more comprehensive than older laws and address many of the gaps in the defunct Delimitation of Constituencies Act 1974. However, that is not to say that there is no room for improvement in the existing legislative framework. For instance, the law does not specify which principle should have priority, effectively relegating the matter to the delimitation authority’s discretion. Similarly, certain aspects of the law that lack definition are subject to the interpretation of the delimitation authority; the law vaguely calls attention to “cognate factors” in the creation of homogenous constituencies but does not define them. Moreover, the ‘rounding off’ method (explained below) for determining a district’s share of constituencies, as defined in the rules derived from the Act, produces disparities in constituency population sizes, as discussed in Section 3B ahead.
Nevertheless, since practices vary from country to country, there are no universally accepted principles to guide the process of delimitation against which the provisions of the Elections Act 2017 may be thoroughly assessed. However, several generally accepted principles are recognized. Table 3A.2 lists these generally accepted principles and their corresponding provisions in the Elections Act 2017.
A Comparison between Elections Act 2017 and Generally Accepted TABLE 3A.2 Delimitation Principles
Corresponding Principles in the Generally Accepted Principles Elections Act 2017 Constituency boundaries should be Section 20 of the Act stipulates that all drawn such that constituents have an constituencies for general seats will be opportunity to elect candidates that delimited with regard to the distribution they feel represent them truly. This of population in geographically Representativeness usually means that constituency compact areas, physical features, boundaries should coincide with existing boundaries of administrative communities of interest as much as units, facilities of communication and possible. public convenience and other In simple terms, this is an extension of cognate factors to ensure the principle of one person one vote. homogeneity in the creation of Constituency boundaries should be constituencies. Importantly, Section drawn so that constituencies are 20(3) limits the variation in population relatively equal in population. Equally among constituencies of an assembly populous constituencies allow voters or a local government to 10 percent. to have an equally weighted vote in However, the law allows exceeding Equality of Vote the election of representatives. If, for the 10 percent limit in exceptional example, a representative is elected cases, provided that the ECP duly from a constituency that has twice as records the reasons in the delimitation many voters as another constituency, order. voters in the larger constituency will have half the voting power of voters in the smaller constituency. For results to be considered legitimate The law requires the ECP to receive Transparency by stakeholders, the delimitation and consider objections (called process must be considered fair. This representations), hold inquiries,
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Corresponding Principles in the Generally Accepted Principles Elections Act 2017 means that the delimitation process summon witnesses and record should be as transparent as possible, evidence. After the ECP has prepared with the methodology and guidelines and published (in the official Gazette) clearly established and publicized in a preliminary report and list of advance. Incorporating public constituencies specifying the areas hearings into the process to allow proposed to be included in each stakeholders to offer comments for constituency, the law requires the ECP the boundary authority to consider is to invite representations in respect of also important. the preliminary report within a period of 30-days from the date of publication. Representations can be made by voter of a constituency in respect of the delimitation proposed for that constituency in the preliminary report. The law empowers the ECP to hear and consider the representations received by it, and appropriate amendments, alterations or modifications in the preliminary list of constituencies. Within a period of 30- days from the last date fixed for making representation, the ECP must publish in the official Gazette and on its website, the final report and list of constituencies showing the areas included in each constituency. Electoral boundaries should not be No corresponding principle is expressly drawn in a manner that discriminates laid down in the law. against any particular minority group. For example, dividing a geographically-concentrated Non-discrimination minority group among several constituencies so that the group constitutes a minority of the voters in every single constituency should be prohibited. The legal framework for delimitation The law empowers the ECP to delimit should provide that the persons or territorial constituencies for elections to institution responsible for drawing the National Assembly, each Provincial electoral boundaries are Assembly and to the local Independent and independent and impartial. In governments in accordance with the Impartial Authority addition, the recommendations of provisions of the Constitution, the the boundary authority should not be Elections Act, 2017, the Rules and the subject to modification or veto by the applicable local government law. government or by the legislature.
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Determining a District’s Share of Constituencies (According to The Election Rules, 2017)
1. Determine Average Population per Constituency or “Quota per Seat” for each Province and ICT
•Divide total population by general seats in the Assembly allocated to a province or ICT
2. Determine the Constituency (or Seat) Share of a District or Districts
•Divide total population of a district by the “quota per seat” of the Assembly. •Count a resulting fraction of more than 0.5 as 1 seat and ignore a resulting fraction of less than 0.5
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE
District ABC of Balochistan ▪ Determine Quota per Seat for Balochistan in National Assembly o Total population of Balochistan (12,344,739) divided by General Seats allocated to Balochistan (16) = 771,546.2 ▪ Divide District Population by Quota per Seat o Population of District ABC (3,000,000) divided by Quota per Seat (771,546.2) = 3.8 o Round off result fraction (3.8) = 4 constituencies (or seats)
3B. Delimitation 2018: Departures from Principles and Rules
The Elections Act 2017 defines the parameter for delimitation of representation as ‘elected officials from their constituencies represent the entire population’. A significant number of the newly delimited constituencies have been noted to depart from this parameter as they exhibit excessive variations in the number of citizens represented in each constituency of the national and provincial assemblies. In addition, severe disparities exist in the distribution of registered voters (as a proportion of population) among the four provinces, FATA and ICT (see section 3B.3).
3B.1 National Assembly Constituencies
Inter-Regional Disparities in Constituency Populations As shown in Figure 3B.1, the average population per constituency in the three NA constituencies of ICT is less by approximately 14% than the national average. Among the four provinces, the average population size of a NA constituency in Balochistan is smaller than the national average while the average populations per NA constituency in Punjab, Sindh and KP are slightly higher.
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Khyber Punjab Pakhtunkhwa
No. of General Seats Population No. of General Seats Population
141 110,012,442 39 30,523,371
Sindh Balochistan
No. of General Seats Population No. of General Seats Population
61 47,886,051 16 12,344,408
FATA ICT
No. of General Seats Population No. of General Seats Population
12 5,001,676 3 2,006,572
785,135 782,651 780,008 779,784 771,526 POPULATION 667,193
Khyber Punjab Sindh Balochistan ICT Overall Pakhtunkhwa Average Population per NA constituency 780008 782651 785135 771526 667193 779784
Relative to the national average population per NA constituency, as many as 118 constituencies have smaller population sizes than the national average, whereas 141 have larger populations. While the majority of these constituencies deviate from the national average within the permissible 10% population variation range, the population sizes of one-third of constituencies (92, or 33.8%) exceed the 10 percent range. At the extreme ends (as shown in Figure 3B.2), the population sizes of 11
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constituencies deviate by as much as 41-60%. Of these, five are in FATA, three are in KP, two are in Sindh and one is in Punjab. Notably, one constituency of FATA deviates by 61-70% from the national average.
( +) 5 1 - 60 11
( +) 4 1 - 50 2
( +) 3 1 - 40 11
( +) 2 1 - 30 3 2 3 1
( +) 1 1 - 20 17 7 6 2
( +) 1 - 10 55 15 19 5
0 10 3
( - )1- 10 42 7 18 5 1
( - ) 1 1 - 20 12 2 8 2 2
( - ) 2 1 - 30 111 3
( - ) 3 1 - 40 2 3
( - ) 4 1 - 50 2
( - ) 5 1 - 60 5
( - ) 6 1 - 70 1
Punjab KP Sindh Balochistan FATA ICT
Intra-Regional Disparities in Constituency Populations Significant intra-regional disparities have also been noted in the population-to-seat ratios of NA constituencies, marking another departure from ensuring equal representation to Pakistani citizens. Excessive disparities exist in the smallest and largest population-to-seat ratios of NA constituencies in all provinces. As shown in Figure 3B.3, the smallest constituency in KP (NA-37 Tank) represents 391,885 citizens while the province’s largest constituency (NA-35 Bannu) includes almost 1.2 million citizens. A serious violation of the principle of equality of vote, a voter in NA-35 effectively has almost one-third the voting power of his/her counterpart in NA-37. Similarly, Punjab’s smallest constituency (NA-67 Jehlum- II) has a population of 546,113 citizens, while its largest has a population of almost 1.2 million (NA-87 Hafizabad-I) - almost twice the population size of the former (refer to Table 3B.1 for details). One of the
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main causes of these excessive intra-regional disparities in the population sizes of constituencies and their consequent representational disparities is the standardized ‘rounding off’ method for calculating the number of seats allocated to each district (as described in Section 3A.3).
1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 0 Smallest Constituency Largest Constituency Punjab 546,113 1,156,957 KP 391,885 1,167,892 Sindh 588,185 1,089,169 Balochistan 560,956 950,056 FATA 254,356 543,254
TABLE 3B.1 Population-to-Seat Ratio: Smallest and Largest Constituencies by Province/Region
Smallest Constituency Largest Constituency Region Constituency Population Constituency Population Khyber NA-37 Tank 391,885 NA-35 Bannu 1,167,892 Pakhtunkhwa ICT NA-54, ICT-III 630,152 NA-52, ICT-I 700,744 Punjab NA-67 Jhelum-II 546,113 NA-87 Hafizabad-I 1,156,957 Sindh NA-199 Shikarpur-II 588,185 NA-197 Kashmore 1,089,169 NA-268 Mastung-cum- NA-262 Kachhi-cum-Jhal chaghai-cum-kalat-cum- Balochistan 386,255 1,083,497 Magsi Shaheed Sikandarabad- cum-Nushki NA-262 Kachhi-cum-Jhal Overall 386,255 NA-35 Bannu 1,167,892 Magsi
3B.2 Constituencies of Provincial Assemblies
Inter-Provincial Disparities in Constituency Populations As shown in Figure 3B.4, the average population per PA constituency in Balochistan is significantly smaller than the other three provinces. In Balochistan Assembly, one seat represents an average of 242,054 citizens while in other PAs, one seat represents more than 300,000 citizens on average, with Punjab’s average being the largest (370,247). Although these inter-provincial disparities do not violate the principles set down in the Elections Act, 2017 per se, they defy the constitutionally guaranteed equality of all citizens before the law. In determining the standards for uniform constituencies, the Elections Act, 2017 only emphasizes limiting intra-provincial variations in constituency populations while
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ignoring the inter-provincial variations that create the conditions for voters of one province effectively enjoying more representation than others.
Article 25 of the Constitution explicitly states that all citizens are equal before the law and are entitled to equal protection by the law. This principle of equality also extends to the voting rights of citizens. Similarly, the Constitution considers the voting power of Balochistan equal to that of Punjab in the case of the Presidential election where the ‘weight’ of votes of KP, Punjab and Sindh Assembly members are calculated with reference to the votes of the Balochistan Assembly members (as it has the least number of members among PAs).
Contrary to the clearly articulated constitutional spirit of equality of vote, the newly delimited constituencies effectively render the voting power of a citizen residing in Balochistan 1.5 times greater than the voting power of a citizen residing in Punjab.
Punjab Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
No. of General Seats in PA Population: No. of General Seats in PA Population:
297 109,963,222 99 30,523,731
Sindh Balochistan
No. of General Seats in PA Population: No. of General Seats in PA Population:
130 47,893,244 51 12,344,739
This inter-provincial disparity in the representational value of seats is even starker when compared on the basis of the average numbers of voters per PA seat. On average, there are nearly two 370,247 368,410 times more voters per seat in KP than 308,321 Balochistan. The average numbers of 242,054 voters per PA seat in Punjab and Sindh are even higher. Table 3B.2 shows a comparison of registered voters, Punjab Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Sindh Balochistan average population per PA constituency and average numbers of voters per PA seat in each province.
Regional Comparison of Average Numbers of Voters per PA TABLE 3B.2 Constituency
Average population per Average voters per PA Province Registered voters PA constituency constituency Punjab 60,672,812 370,247 204,286 Khyber 15,318,376 308,321 154,731 Pakhtunkhwa Sindh 22,390,721 368,410 172,236
Balochistan 4,299,680 242,054 84,307
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Intra-Regional Disparities in Constituency Populations Similar to their NA counterparts, intra-provincial disparities have also been noted in the population-to- seat ratios of the constituencies of each Provincial Assembly. Excessive variations in the smallest and largest population-to-seat ratios of PA constituencies in all provinces is, again, a departure from the principle of equality of vote. For instance, Balochistan’s smallest constituency (PB-17) represents 149,225 citizens, while the population size of its largest constituency (PB-24) is almost three times the size of the former (see Figure 3B.5). The voting power of a citizen in PB-24 is, therefore, effectively three times less than the voting power of his/her counterpart in PB-17. Similarly, in KP, PK-35 was demarcated as a constituency with a population size of 171,395 citizens, while the province’s largest constituency (PK-1) has a population size of 447,362 – more than twice the former’s population size (refer to Table 3B.3 for details). 447,362 433,794 429,980 407,323 370,247 368,410 318,574 312,248 308,321 242,054 171,395 149,225
Punjab KP Sindh Balochistan Smallest Constituency Provincial Average Largest Constituency
The following examples further illustrate the distorting effects of the “rounding off” method for determing each district’s share of constituencies. The seat share of Nankana Sahib in the Punjab Assembly was calculated to be 3.66 while the seat share of Bhakkar was 4.46. Rounding off these figures, both districts were allocated four seats each despite a difference of 294,144 between the district populations. On the other hand, the population of Lodhran exceeds the population of Bhakkar by 50,102, however, the former was allocated five PA seats while the latter was divided into four.
TABLE 3B.3 Intra-Provincial Disparities in Population-to-Seat Ratios
Smallest Constituency Largest Constituency Province Constituency Population Size Constituency Population Size PB-24-Killa Balochistan PB-17 Jhal Magsi 149,225 407,323 Abdullah-III Khyber PK-35 Torghar 171,395 PK-1 Chitral 447,362 Pakhtunkhwa PP-273 Punjab 318,574 PP-34 Gujrat-VII 433,794 Muzaffargarh-VI PS-35 Naushahro Sindh PS -77 Thatta-I 312,248 429,980 Feroze-lll Relative to each province’s average population per PA constituency, 265 constituencies have larger population sizes than their respective provincial averages, while 278 have smaller populations. Among
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these, as shown in Figure 3B.6, the population sizes of 88 PA constituencies in all four provinces exceed the 10 percent range relative to their respective average populations per PA constituency. These include 26 (51%) constituencies in Balochistan, 22 (22%) in KP, 21 (7%) in Punjab and 23 (18%) in Sindh.
( +) 5 1 - 60 1
( +) 4 1 - 50 11
( +) 3 1 - 40 1
( +) 2 1 - 30 23
( +) 1 1 - 20 14 8 14 6
( +) 1 - 10 122 35 43 14
0 21 5 53
( - )1- 10 136 37 60 8
( - ) 1 1 - 20 4 8 8 6
( - ) 2 1 - 30 13
( - ) 3 1 - 40 15
( - ) 4 1 - 50 1
( - ) 5 1 - 60
Punjab KP Sindh Balochistan
3B.3 Disparities in Proportions of Registered Voters
In addition to the disparities in the population sizes of constituencies noted above, significant inequities also exist in the population proportions of registered voters. Comparison of the electoral rolls with provisional census results reveals widespread regional disparity in voter-to-population proportions. The number of voters registered for GE-2018 amounts to 46.7% of Pakistan’s total population, of which the proportional provincial or regional distribution is significantly uneven (as shown in Figure 3B.7). While more than half of Punjab’s population was registered on the electoral rolls, Balochistan’s registered voters amounted to only about 35% of the province’s population. The proportions of registered voters in the populations of KP, FATA, Sindh, and ICT stood at 50%, 50%, 47%, and 38%, respectively.
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Furthermore, disaggregating voter statistics and population data at the district level reveals an even more lopsided distribution of voter proportions across 130 districts. On the one end, the 55% number of registered voters in a district of 50% 50% 47% KP (Kohistan) amounts to merely 20% of 38% the district’s population, whereas on the 35% other end, 77% of the population in a district of Punjab (Jhelum) is registered on the electoral rolls (see Figure 3B.8). Corresponding to the regional unevenness mentioned earlier, four of the Punjab KP Sindh Balochistan FATA ICT five districts with the smallest proportions of registered voters are located in Balochistan while Punjab has three of the five districts with the largest proportions of registered voters.
The five districts with the largest voter-to-population proportions include Jhelum (77%), Chakwal (74%), Kohlu (21.87%) and Gujrat (69%) in Punjab; Orakzai Agency (66%) in FATA; and Haripur (66%) in KP. The five districts with the smallest voter-to-population proportions include Kohistan (20%) in KP; and Kech (24%), Sherani (26%), Kohlu (28%), and Khuzdar (28%) in Balochistan.
74% 77% 66% 66% 69%
28% 28% 24% 26% 20% Voters as a Percentage of Population as a Percentage Voters 10 Districts with the largest and smallest Voter-to-Population proportions
Punjab KP Balochistan FATA
Similarly, NA constituencies also exhibit severe disparities in voter-to-population proportions. At one extreme, as shown in Figure 3B.9, five constituencies of Punjab show voter proportions in excess of 74%, with the largest voter proportion reaching 81% (in NA-58). On the other extreme, registered voters in a constituency of KP (NA-11) amount to only 20% of the constituency’s population. Roughly corresponding to the district-level disparity shown in Figure 3B.8 above, the five constituencies with the largest voter-to-population proportions are situated in Punjab, whereas three of the five constituencies with the smallest voter-to-population proportions are situated in Balochistan.
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80% 81% 74% 74% 75%
24% 24% 25% 25% 20%
Voters as a Percentage of Population as a Percentage Voters 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 10 Constituencies with the largest and smallest Voter-to-Population proportions Punjab KP Balochistan Sindh
Having conducted a similar assessment earlier in January 2018, FAFEN had publicly raised concerns over the accuracy of provisional census data being used for delimiting constituencies. Consider the unrealistically large proportion of registered voters in the populations of Jhelum and Chakwal; it is unlikely that each of the district’s adult populations amounts to almost three-quarters of their total populations and arguably even more unlikely that all of the eligible voters residing there were registered as voters. Furthermore, analysis of the data indicates extreme under-registration of eligible voters in various parts of the country, particularly in Balochistan and a few districts of Sindh, prompting sobering reflections on the state of ensuring equal representation.
3C. Conduct of the Delimitation Process
3C.1 Objections and Appeals Regarding Preliminary Proposals
The law has provided a window for filing objections and appeals, formally known as ‘representations’ to preliminary proposals. As shown in Table 3C.1, a total of 1,280 representations were filed during the 30-day period following the release of the preliminary report by the ECP, less than half of which were accepted. As shown in Figure 3C.1, more than half of these representations originated from Punjab.
TABLE 3C.1 Regional Distribution of Representations Filed and Addressed
Representations Representations Region Representations Filed Accepted Dismissed Punjab 676 396 280 Khyber 182 123 59 Pakhtunkhwa Sindh 290 70 220 Balochistan 104 21 83 FATA 11 4 7 ICT 17 0 17 Total 1,280 614 666
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1% 2%
7% Punjab KP 21% Sindh 55% Balochistan FATA
14% ICT
3C.2 Satisfaction Level of Political Party Representatives
on the Conduct of Delimitation
Although the central leadership of leading political parties did not take structured positions on the quality of delimitation, local leaders and potential candidates were active in offering comments and filing objections on the delimitation process. FAFEN interviewed the representatives of numerous political parties in 130 districts to gather their views on the conduct of the delimitation exercise. Party representatives were questioned on a few key aspects of delimitation, including the ease and transparency of the process, and cooperation extended to them by the ECP. The interviews were conducted in two phases: (i) prior to the publishing of preliminary delimitation proposals and subsequent hearing of representations, and (ii) following the conclusion of representations.
In the first phase, party representatives were inquired about their opinions regarding the transparency of the process and the reflection of delimitation principles in preliminary proposals. More than half of the interviewed party representatives (342 of 658 or 52%) expressed dissatisfaction with the transparency of the preliminary process. Of those who did not consider the process to be transparent, 53 belonged to PMLN, 49 to PTI, 44 to PPPP, 40 to PML-N, 37 to JIP, 33 to JUI-F, and the remainder to an assortment of smaller parties (refer to Table 3C.2 for details).
No. of Party Representatives Dissatisfied with Transparency of the of Preliminary TABLE 3C.2 Proposals
Party Affiliations of KP including Punjab Sindh Balochistan ICT Overall Interviewed Leader FATA PTI 15 14 11 8 1 49 PPPP 12 12 14 5 1 44 PML-N 11 13 8 8 40 JIP 14 8 4 11 37 JUI-F 5 5 15 7 1 33 BNP 17 17 NP 17 17 ANP 1 1 3 7 12 PML 7 1 3 11
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Party Affiliations of KP including Punjab Sindh Balochistan ICT Overall Interviewed Leader FATA MQMP 10 10 PML-F 10 10 Other parties7 15 22 16 9 62 Overall 80 96 108 55 3 342
Moreover, nearly a third of the interviewed party representatives (229 of 658 or 34%) did not consider the preliminary proposals to adequately reflect delimitation principles laid out in the Elections Act 2017. Of these representatives, 33 each belonged to PPPP and PTI, 31 to JIP, 26 to PML-N and remainder to other smaller parties. (refer to Table 3C.3 for details)
No. of Party Representatives Dissatisfied with Preliminary Proposal’s TABLE 3C.3 Adherence to Legal Delimitation Principles
Party Affiliation of KP including Punjab Sindh Balochistan ICT Overall Interviewed Leader FATA PPPP 11 7 12 2 1 33 PTI 12 8 7 5 1 33 JIP 14 4 3 9 1 31 PML-N 8 8 5 5 26 JUI-F 2 3 8 5 1 19 BNP 11 11 Other parties8 13 27 23 13 76 Overall 60 57 69 39 4 229
In the post-representation phase, the vast majority of the interviewed sparty representatives expressed satisfaction with the ease of filing representations Cooperation by the ECP 504 144 and seeking the ECP’s cooperation. As shown in Figure 3C.2, most party Ease of contacting the ECP 563 85 representatives (493 of 648) found the Methodoloy for filing method of filing representations to be 493 155 simple. Similarly, most party representations representatives expressed satisfaction Satisfied Not satisfied with the ease of contacting the ECP and the cooperation extended to them by the Commission. Of the party representatives who were not satisfied with the ECP’s cooperation, 20 belonged to PTI, 18 to PPPP, 15 to PMLN, and the remaining to a number of smaller parties.
7 Other parties include PkMAP, QWP, PSP, TLP, BNP-A, PST, APML, PPP-SB, TLP, AWP, HDP, JWP, JUP-N, MQM-H, PAT, PNML, SUP, SIC, independent candidates, and parties not registered with ECP.
8 Other parties include NP, ANP, MQMP, PML, PkMAP, QWP, PML-F, TLP, PSP, PST, APML, BNP-A, PPP-SB, HDP, NPP, PAT, SUP, SIC, independent candidates, and parties not registered with ECP.
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In the months leading up to GE-2018, FAFEN observed variouspre-poll processes occurring after the announcement of the Election Program. This chapter presents observation findings related to the finalization of polling stations, tactics used by political parties and candidates to attract voters, realignments of political figures and factions, political and electoral violence, observance of the ECP’s code of conduct for campaigning, and candidates’ perceptions regarding the level playing field and impartiality of election authorities as well as public institutions. FAFEN CCs interviewed citizens and contesting candidates, visited polling station buildings and observed the degree of adherence to the ECP’s code of conduct by political parties and candidates. The following figure presents an overview of the scope of this phase of FAFEN’s election observation:
Observation of Interviews with Interviews with the Process of Interviews with District-Level Visits to Polling Observers Electoral Scrutiny of Citizens Political Stations Candidates Nomination Leadership Papers
130 30,213 2,046 3,445 11,020 4,073 District interviews candidates interviews with polling stations nomination Coordinators conducted in interviewed in district-level visited in 9,581 papers of the and 272 9,457 electoral 253 NA leaders of electoral candidates Constituency areas of constituencies 54 political areas of observed Coordinators 270 NA (during the parties and 19 259 NA constituencies campaign independent constituencies (during June political period) and July 2018) groups
4A. Finalization of the List of Polling Stations
The ECP set up a total of 85,277 polling stations comprising 244,949 polling booths for nearly 106 million registered voters, averaging one polling station per 1,242 voters. The average number of voters per polling station was marginally higher than it was in GE-2013 in which 1,235 voters were assigned to a polling station on average. For GE-2018, 47,473 polling stations were set up for nearly 60.7 million voters in Punjab, 17,757 for 22.4 million voters in Sindh, 14,662 for 17.8 million voters in KP including FATA, 4,550 for 4.3 million voters in Balochistan, and 786 for 0.7 million voters in ICT. As many as 23,054 polling stations housed only male polling booths, while 21,355 housed only female polling booths, whereas 40,819 housed both male and female polling booths. Nearly 55% (or 134,088) of the polling booths were set up for men who constituted 56% of the country’s registered voters while the remaining (45% or 110,861) polling booths were established for women voters. Table 4A.1 shows the regional distribution of the numbers of finalized polling stations and registered voters in GE-2018, accompanied by comparative data from the last three General Elections.
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Regional Distribution of the Numbers of Polling Stations and Registered Voters since GE- TABLE 4A.1 2002
GE-2018 GE-2013 GE-2008 GE-2002 Region PS Voters PS Voters PS Voters PS Voters Khyber 12,826 15,316,299 9,306 12,266,162 8,178 10,661,212 8,055 8,925,808 Pakhtunkhwa FATA 1,884 2,510,154 1,208 1,738,316 1,080 1,280,365 1,134 1,281,705
ICT 786 765,348 550 625,969 382 482,801 380 384,070
Punjab 47,473 60,672,868 40,078 49,259,342 37,342 44,500,257 37,504 41,253,858
Sindh 17,758 22,391,244 14,980 18,963,377 13,206 19,506,473 13,957 16,141,566
Balochistan 4,550 4,299,494 3,679 3,336,662 3,457 4,365,274 3,440 3,926,843
Total 85,277 105,955,407 69,801 86,189,828 63,645 80,796,382 64,470 71,913,850 Average 1,242 1,235 1,269 1,115 Voters per PS
Section 59(12) empowers DROs to declare a polling station highly sensitive if, in their assessment, the concerned polling station requires special security measures. Of 85,277 polling stations, the ECP declared 17,007 (approx. 20%) polling stations as highly sensitive on polling day. Special security and surveillance measures including the installation of Close Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras were taken for these polling stations. Table 4A.2 shows the regional distribution of highly sensitive polling stations.
TABLE 4A.2 Regional Distribution of Polling Stations Declared Highly Sensitive
Punjab and ICT KP (including FATA)
No. of Highly Sensitive No. of Highly Sensitive Polling Stations 5,487 Polling Stations 3,874
Sindh Balochistan
No. of Highly Sensitive No. of Highly Sensitive Polling Stations 5,878 Polling Stations 1,768
Total 17,007
Section 59(3) of the Elections Act 2017 limits the number of voters per polling station and polling booth to 1,200 and 300 voters, respectively, as far as practicable, in order to improve the efficiency of the polling process. According to the lists of polling stations available on the ECP’s website, nearly 50% or 43,031 polling stations were assigned more than 1,200 voters each, including all of the 240 polling stations set up in NA-247 Karachi South-II and more than half of the polling stations in 139 (51%) of 272 NA constituencies each. Although the Act allows deviation from the general limit to accommodate exceptional circumstances,9using this discretionary power in case of half of the polling stations is antithetical to the spirit of the law. Table 4A.3 shows the regional numerical distribution of NA
9 According to the Elections Act, 2017, the reasons for any such deviation must be recorded in writing.
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constituencies disaggregated by varying percentages of polling stations exceeding the 1,200-voters limit.
Regional Distribution of NA Constituencies with regards to Percentage of TABLE 4A.3 Polling Stations with More Than 1,200 Voters
Percentage of Polling Stations Balochistan ICT KP (including FATA) Punjab Sindh Total with more than 1,200 voters Up to 10% 2 2 11%to 20% 5 3 1 5 14 21% to 30% 6 5 1 2 14 31% to 40% 4 10 19 12 45 41% to 50% 1 11 32 14 58 51% to 60% 8 32 5 45 61% to 70% 7 41 4 52 71% to 80% 9 14 3 26 81% to 90% 2 7 9 90% to 100% 7 7 Total 16 3 51 141 61 272
4A.1 Observers’ Assessment of Established Polling Stations
FAFEN observers visited 11,492 polling stations in sampled electoral areas of 259 NA constituencies to assess the availability of basic facilities and compliance of the polling stations’ finalization process with the law. The observers sought confirmation of visits by ROs to each proposed polling station building from their respective administrators. The majority of the administrators (89%) confirmed that the concerned ROs visited the buildings to personally verify the polling stations. Figure 4A.1shows the regional distribution of confirmed RO visits to the observed polling stations.
Overall 89% 11%
Balochistan 84% 16%
Sindh 94% 6%
Punjab 89% 11%
ICT 88% 12%
KP 84% 16%
Percentage of PS visited by ROs Percentage of PS not visited by ROs
FAFEN observers noted that basic facilities were missing at a number of polling stations. Nearly 20% of the polling stations lacked ramps at entry points for wheel-chair bound voters. Moreover, four percent of the polling stations lacked clean drinking water facility, four percent lacked washrooms, while two percent were without boundary walls. Moreover, FAFEN observers noted that nearly one percent of the polling stations were not located in proper buildings, with the largest proportion of such polling stations
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being found in Balochistan (8%). Table 4A.4 shows the regional distribution of missing facilities at polling stations.
TABLE 4A.4 Regional Distribution of Polling Stations Lacking Necessary Facilities
PS without PS without PS without PS without PS without Region Proper Clean Drinking Boundary Ramp Washroom Buildings Water Walls Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - 21% 3% 2% 1% (Including FATA) ICT - 7% 3% 1% 0% Punjab 1% 13% 1% 1% 1% Sindh 2% 36% 11% 10% 5% Balochistan 8% 23% 17% 19% 17% Overall 1% 20% 4% 4% 2%
Twelve of the 11,492 observed polling stations were observed to be improvised, i.e. they were set up in an open public property due to unavailability of a government building or a registered private educational institution.
4A.2 Candidates’ Assessment of Polling Stations
Of 2,046 NA candidates interviewed during the pre-election period, the overwhelming majority (92%) expressed general satisfaction with the process of finalization of polling stations, however, eight percent were not satisfied with the process in their respective constituencies. Notably, nearly one-third of the interviewed candidates affiliated with PML and one-quarter of PkMAP candidates expressed dissatisfaction with the finalized polling stations. Figures 4A.2 and 4A.3, respectively, show the regional and party-wise distributions of candidates’ responses.
Overall 92% 8%
Balochistan 92% 8%
Sindh 91% 9%
Punjab 93% 7%
ICT 79% 21%
KP (Including FATA) 93% 7%
Largely Satisfied Largely Unsatisfied
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Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 75% 25%
Grand Democratic Alliance 86% 14%
Balochistan National Party 80% 20%
Balochistan Awami Party 100%0%
Pakistan Muslim League 69% 31%
Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 92% 8%
Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 92% 8%
Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 86% 14%
Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 90% 10%
Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 96% 4%
Other Political Parties 94% 6%
Awami National Party 90% 10%
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 90% 10%
Independent 95% 5%
Largely Satisfied Largely Unsatisfied
Nearly 14% of the candidates interviewed claimed that they or their supporters had filed objections/suggestions to the DROs regarding relevant polling stations in their constituencies. The percentage of candidates filing objections was higher in KP than in other regions. Of the objectors, around 25% expressed dissatisfaction with the decisions taken by DROs. Figures 4A.4, 4A.5, 4A.6 and 4A.7 show the regional and party distributions of candidates’ responses.
Overall 14% 86%
Balochistan 14% 86%
Sindh 17% 83%
Punjab 12% 88%
ICT 15% 85%
KP (Including FATA) 19% 81%
Objections Lodged No Objection Lodged
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Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 13% 88% Grand Democratic Alliance 32% 68% Balochistan National Party 20% 80% Balochistan Awami Party 14% 86% Pakistan Muslim League 15% 85% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 21% 79% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 9% 91% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 19% 81% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 16% 84% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 17% 83% Other Political Parties 10% 90% Awami National Party 22% 78% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 20% 80% Independent 12% 88% Objections Lodged No Objection Lodged
Balochistan 75% 25% Sindh 54% 46% Punjab 88% 12% ICT 50% 50% KP (Including FATA) 75% 25%
Satisfied Dissatisfied
Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 100% Grand Democratic Alliance 14% 86% Balochistan National Party 0% 100% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 100% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 78% 22% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 82% 18% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 59% 41% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 77% 23% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 100% Other Political Parties 78% 22% Awami National Party 63% 38% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 72% 28% Independent 91% 9%
Satisfied Dissatisfied
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4A.3 Voters’ Assessment of Polling Stations
According to Section 59(2) of the Elections Act 2017, the distance between a polling station and the residences of voters assigned to that station should preferably not exceed one kilometer, in order to ease voter access to polling stations.
Of the 30,213 citizens interviewed across the country, nearly eight percent claimed that the distance between their place of residence and assigned polling station exceeded one kilometer. Figure 4A.8 shows the regional distribution of citizens’ responses.
Balochistan 90% 10%
Sindh 94% 6%
Punjab 91% 9%
ICT 88% 12%
KP 90% 10%
PS farther than 1 KM from residence PS within 1 KM of residence
Moreover, around six percent of the respondents said that the polling stations in their electoral areas were not easily accessible for women. The percentage of interviewed citizens who considered polling station access to be difficult for women in their electoral areas was higher in ICT and KP than in other regions. Figure 4.9 shows the regional distribution of citizens’ responses regarding women’s access to polling stations.
Overall 94% 6%
Balochistan 92% 8%
Sindh 95% 5%
Punjab 95% 5%
ICT 72% 28%
KP (Including FATA) 90% 10%
PS Accessible to Women PS Inaccessible to Women
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4B. Barriers to Women’s Exercise of Voting Rights
Political participaton of women in electoral processes has Preventing any woman from contesting traditionally been low in Pakistan. To encourage women’s an election or exercising her right to political participation, the new law has addressed several vote is a corrupt practice punishable issues including the registration of women as voters, party with an imprisonment of up to three quota for women on general seats and mandatory years, a fine of up to PKR 100,000 or with minimum of 10% women vote-casting in a constituency. both. Commission may also file court cases against persons entering into During interviews with FAFEN observers, 369 or nearly one agreements restraining women from percent of the interviewed citizens of 179 electoral areas voting. in 41NA constituencies reported that women in their areas Sections 9, 170(a)(vii) and 174 of the typically did not vote in elections. Elections Act, 2017 More than three quarters (78%) of the citizens who reported restrictions on women belonged to KP (including the FATA region); these included 289 citizens in 135 electoral areas in 16 NA constituencies (see Figure 4B.1). Citizens also reported restrictions on women in 22 electoral areas in Punjab, 15 in Balochistan and seven in Sindh. The 3% 7% major barriers to women’s exercise of voting rights reported by citizens include socio-cultural norms, 12% combined polling stations for men and women, excessive distances to polling stations, security risks and agreements between local influencers (parties, village/tribal elders, etc.) on barring women from voting. 78% Similarly, according to almost one percent of the interviewed electoral candidates, women’s participation in election campaigning was severely limited. Almost three KP (Including FATA) Punjab percent of the candidates in KP, five percent in ICT and Sindh Balochistan two percent in Sindh held this view.
4C. Level Playing Field for Electoral Contestants
To gauge the general perception regarding the existence of a level playing field for all political parties and candidates, FAFEN observers asked candidates about their impressions regarding the impartiality of election authorities, caretaker governments, local governments and state institutions during the course of the elections.
4C.1 Perceptions Regarding Impartiality of the Election Authorities
The majority of the interviewed candidates held the opinion that DECs had performed their duties in an impartial and fair manner during GE-2018. However, nearly one-quarter of the interviewed candidates in ICT expressed doubts about the impartiality and fairness of the concerned DEC. Figure 4C.1 shows a regional distribution of candidates’ opinions regarding impartiality of DECs.
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Overall 95% 5%
Balochistan 96% 4%
Sindh 93% 7%
Punjab 96% 4%
ICT 77% 23%
KP (Including FATA) 97% 3%
Largely Satisfied Largely Unsatisfied
Among candidates dissatisfied with the performance of DECs, those affiliated with PkMAP and Balochistan National Party (BNP)featured prominently, with 25% and 20% candidates of each party, respectively expressing doubts about the impartiality and fairness of concerned DECs. Figure 4C.2 shows the party-wise distribution of candidates’ opinions regarding the impartial performance of duties by DECs.
Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 75% 25% Grand Democratic Alliance 95% 5% Balochistan National Party 80% 20% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 92% 8% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 97% 3% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 94% 6% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 91% 9% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 96% 4% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 91% 9% Other Political Parties 94% 6% Awami National Party 90% 10% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 94% 6% Independent 97% 3%
Largely Satisfied with DEC Largely Dissatisfied with DEC
Similarly, only three percent of the interviewed candidates expressed dissatisfaction with ROs in their concerned districts (see Figure 4C.3). Party-wise distribution of responses, as shown in Figure 4.14, suggests that candidates belonging to PkMAP and PML were more dissatisfied than others, as 13% and 8% candidates of each party respectively held doubts about the impartiality and fairness of ROs in performing their duties.
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Overall 97% 3%
Balochistan 97% 3%
Sindh 98% 2%
Punjab 98% 2%
ICT 97% 3%
KP (Including FATA) 99% 1%
Largely Satisfied with RO's Impartiality and Fairness Largely Dissatisfied with RO's Impartiality and Fairness
Overall 98% 2% Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 88% 13% Grand Democratic Alliance 100% Balochistan National Party 100% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 92% 8% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 99% 1% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 98% 2% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 97% 3% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 99% 1% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 96% 4% Other Political Parties 98% 2% Awami National Party 98% 2% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 98% 2% Independent 99% 1%
Largely Satisfied with RO's Impartiality and Fairness Largely Dissatisfied with RO's Impartiality and Fairness
The overwhelming majority of the interviewed candidates (93%) were also satisfied with the impartiality of the ECP’s monitoring teams, with the exception of candidates in ICT, more than half of whom expressed doubts about their impartiality (see Figure 4.15). Notably, fewer candidates appeared to have been satisfied with the ECP’s monitoring teams than with DECs and ROs. Party-wise, one-third of BNP’s interviewed candidates (33%) and 22% of PML candidates said they doubted the impartiality and fairness of ECP’s monitoring teams. Figures 4C.5 and 4C.6 show the regional and party-wise distributions of candidates’ responses.
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Overall 93% 7%
Balochistan 94% 6%
Sindh 92% 8%
Punjab 94% 6%
ICT 48% 52%
KP (Including FATA) 94% 6%
Largely Satisfied with Monitoring Teams Largely Dissatisfied with Monitoring Teams
Overall 93% 7% Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 86% 14% Grand Democratic Alliance 95% 5% Balochistan National Party 67% 33% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 78% 22% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 91% 9% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 90% 10% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 91% 9% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 88% 12% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 83% 17% Other Political Parties 93% 7% Awami National Party 82% 18% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 93% 7% Independent 96% 4%
Largely Satisfied with Monitoring Teams Largely Dissatisfied with Monitoring Teams
4C.2 Perceptions Regarding Impartiality of Caretaker and Local Governments
Around five percent of the interviewed candidates expressed dissatisfaction with the impartiality of the caretaker government at the centre. The dissatisfaction was more widespread in ICT than in other regions, as shown in Figure 4C.7. Party-wise, 23% of Pakistan Muslim League (PML) candidates and nine percent each of the candidates affiliated with PMLN, TLP and MQM had reservations about the federal caretaker government’s impartiality. Refer to Figures 4C.7 and 4C.8 for regional and party-wise distributions of candidates’ opinions regarding the caretaker federal government.
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Overall 95% 5%
Balochistan 96% 4%
Sindh 95% 5%
Punjab 94% 6%
ICT 83% 17%
KP (Including FATA) 98% 2%
Largely Satisfied Largely Dissatisfied
Overall 95% 5% Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 100% Grand Democratic Alliance 100% Balochistan National Party 100% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 77% 23% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 91% 9% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 91% 9% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 94% 6% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 96% 4% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 91% 9% Other Political Parties 93% 7% Awami National Party 93% 7% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 94% 6% Independent 99% 1%
Largely Satisfied Largely Dissatisfied
Similarly, a small proportion (around four percent) of the interviewed candidates expressed dissatisfaction with the impartiality of caretaker provincial governments. The percentage of dissatisfied candidates was slightly larger in Sindh than in other regions, as shown in Figure 4C.9. Party-wise, 25% of candidates affiliated with PkMAP, 23% of PML and 20% of BNP reserved doubts about the concerned provincial governments’ impartiality. Refer to Figures 4C.9 and 4C.10 for regional and party-wise distribution of candidates’ opinions regarding the impartiality of caretaker provincial governments.
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Overall 96% 4%
Balochistan 94% 6%
Sindh 93% 7%
Punjab 95% 5%
KP 98% 2%
Largely Satisfied Largely Disatisfied
Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 75% 25% Grand Democratic Alliance 86% 14% Balochistan National Party 80% 20% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 77% 23% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 96% 4% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 94% 6% Pakistan Peoples Party… 94% 6% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 97% 3% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 91% 9% Other Political Parties 94% 6% Awami National Party 95% 5% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 94% 6% Independent 98% 2%
Largely Satisfied Largely Dissatisfied
A larger proportion of the interviewed candidates (14 percent) held reservations about the impartiality of local governments, nationally. The percentage of candidates dissatisfied with the impartiality of local governments was higher in ICT than in other regions, as shown in Figure 4C.11. Party-wise, 38% of the candidates affiliated with PML, 32% with GDA, and 29% with ANP expressed doubts about the impartiality of local governments in their concerned districts (refer to Figure 4C.12).
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Overall 86% 14%
Balochistan 93% 7%
Sindh 87% 13%
Punjab 84% 16%
ICT 79% 21% KP (Including FATA) 90% 10%
Largely Satisfied Largely Dissatisfied
Overall 86% 14% Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 100% Grand Democratic Alliance 68% 32% Balochistan National Party 100% Balochistan Awami Party 86% 14% Pakistan Muslim League 62% 38% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 89% 11% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 79% 21% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 86% 14% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 85% 15% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 96% 4% Other Political Parties 86% 14% Awami National Party 71% 29% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 81% 19% Independent 90% 10%
Largely Satisfied Largely Dissatisfied
4C.3 Perceptions on the Role of State Institutions
Contrary to widespread public perception, only seven percent of the interviewed candidates expressed doubts about the impartiality of law enforcement agencies (LEAs) including police, rangers and other security agencies. Such concerns appeared to be more wide-spread among candidates vying for ICT, Sindh and Punjab constituencies than among candidates in other regions. Among political parties, candidates affiliated with MQM were observed to have held reservations about the impartiality of LEAs more frequently than candidates affiliated with other parties; nearly 30% of the candidates belonging to MQM said they did not consider LEAs impartial, especially police. Refer to Figures 4C.13
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and 4C.14 for regional and party-wise distribution of candidates’ responses regarding the impartiality of LEAs.
Overall 93% 7% Balochistan 99% 1% Sindh 92% 8% Punjab 92% 8% ICT 79% 21% KP (Including FATA) 99% 1%
LEAs are Impartial LEAs are acting partially
Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 100% Grand Democratic Alliance 86% 14% Balochistan National Party 100% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 92% 8% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 91% 9% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 97% 3% Pakistan Peoples Party… 94% 6% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 94% 6% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 70% 30% Other Political Parties 90% 10% Awami National Party 90% 10% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 90% 10% Independent 97% 3%
LEAs are Impartial LEAs are acting partially
Around three percent of the respondents claimed that their workers or supporters were being illegally detained by LEAs. A higher percentage of candidates from Sindh and ICT made such claims as compared to candidates from other regions, as shown in Figure 4C.15. Among political parties, candidates affiliated with the MQM made such allegations more frequently than the candidates of other parties. Almost 22% of the interviewed MQM candidates said their workers were illegally taken into custody by LEAs, as shown in Figure 4C.16.
Overall 3% 97% Balochistan 2% 98% Sindh 7% 93% Punjab 2% 98% ICT 5% 95% KP (Including FATA) 1% 99% Illegal detentions of workers No illegal detentions
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Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 100%
Grand Democratic Alliance 5% 95%
Balochistan National Party 100%
Balochistan Awami Party 100%
Pakistan Muslim League 100%
Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 8% 92%
Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 4% 96%
Pakistan Peoples Party… 3% 97%
Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 1% 99%
Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 22% 78%
Other Political Parties 2% 98%
Awami National Party 100%
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 3% 97%
Independent 3% 97%
Illegal detentions of workers No illegal detentions
Although the central leadership of certain parties persistently made public claims of a general environment of intimidation for their candidates, supporters and workers, only five percent of the candidates interviewed by FAFEN observers said that they found the political environment intimidating or threatening, particularly in the days approaching the polls. Candidates belonging to BNP, PkMAP and GDA appeared to have been more concerned about intimidation than the candidates of other parties, as shown in Figure 4C.18. Refer to following graphs for regional and party-wise distribution of candidates’ perceptions about intimidating environment.
Overall 5% 95%
Balochistan 6% 94%
Sindh 7% 93%
Punjab 5% 95%
ICT 15% 85%
KP (Including FATA) 2% 98%
Environment of Intimidation Exists No Threat or Intimidation
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Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 25% 75% Grand Democratic Alliance 23% 77% Balochistan National Party 40% 60% Balochistan Awami Party 100% Pakistan Muslim League 15% 85% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 8% 92% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 3% 97% Pakistan Peoples Party… 4% 96% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 3% 97% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 9% 91% Other Political Parties 7% 93% Awami National Party 5% 95% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 7% 93% Independent 2% 98%
Environment of Intimidation Exists No Threat or Intimidation
Around five percent of the district-level political leaders interviewed during pre-election period claimed that their workers or supporters faced intimidation or coercion. A larger proportion of political leaders from Sindh and ICT made such claims as compared to leaders from other regions, as shown in Figure 4C.19. Among political parties, interviewed leadersof MQM, PML-F and TLP made such allegations more frequently than the leaders of other parties. Almost 12% of the interviewed MQM and PML-F leaders said their workers faced intimidation, as shown in Figure 4C.20.
Overall 5% 95%
Sindh 10% 90%
Punjab 4% 96%
KP 1% 99%
ICT 10% 90%
FATA 1% 99%
Balochistan 3% 97%
Intimidation or Coercion Reported No Intimidation or Coercion Reported
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Muttahida Qaumi Movement 12% 88% Pakistan Muslim League (Functional) 12% 88% Other Candidates 11% 89% Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan 11% 89% Balochistan National Party 6% 94% National Party 5% 95% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 5% 95% Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 5% 95% Pakistan Muslim League 4% 96% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 4% 96% Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (Fazal) 3% 97% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 3% 97% Awami National Party 1% 99% Balochistan National Party Awami 100% Independents 100% Jamaat-e-Islami 100% National Peoples Party 100% Qaumi Wattan Party 100%
Intimidation or Coercion Reported No Intimidation or Coercion Reported
4D. Voter Intimidation and Inducement
4D.1 Coercion and/or Intimidation
Reports on mainstream and social media suggested elements of coercion and intimidation of candidates and supporters of certain Exercising undue influence to political parties by LEAs. induce, compel or cause any person to refrain from voting or FAFEN observers asked voters if they were being subjected to any contesting election is a corrupt kind of pressure to support or oppose any particular party or practice punishable with candidate. Nearly two percent of the interviewed citizens (509 out imprisonment up to three years or with fine up to PKR 100,000 or of 30,236) claimed that they were intimidated or coerced to with both. support or oppose certain candidates or parties. Such claims were more frequently made in Balochistan than in other regions, as Sections 167, 170 and 174 of shown in Figure 4D.1. Around one percent or 378 respondents in the Elections Act, 2017 Punjab, KP and ICT each reported intimidation or coercion.
More than one-third of the citizens who reported being subjected to coercion belonged to Sindh (38%) and one-third belonged to Punjab (35%). Another 16% were in Balochistan, 11% in KP including FATA and one percent in ICT.
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Balochistan 5% 95%
Sindh 2% 98%
Punjab 1% 99%
ICT 1% 99%
KP (Including FATA) 1% 99%
Percentage of Citizens who reported coercion Percentage of Citizens who did not report any coercion
4D.2 Inducement and/or Gratification
Development Schemes In interviews with FAFEN observers, nearly two percent or 509 Announcement of development of the interviewed citizens belonging to 239 electoral areas schemes by government officials or identified 351 development schemes being carried out in elected representatives for a their areas during a month preceding their interviews. These constituency after the issuance of interviews were conducted in the later half of June and July, the Election Program for that therefore, several of these schemes may have been illegally constituency is prohibited and is an announced, initiated or inaugurated after the illegal practice punishable with an announcement of the Election Program. These schemes, imprisonment for up to two years, or more than half of which (57%) were identified in Punjab, a fine of up to PKR 100,000, or with largely included providing electricity and gas connections, both. water supply projects, and building roads, streets, Sections 181 and 183 of the Elections educational institutions, and sewerage system. Regional Act, 2017 breakdown of citizens, electoral areas and development schemes is provided in Table 4.5.
Regional Distribution of Citizens’ Electoral Areas and Claims about Development TABLE 4D.1 Schemes
No. of Citizens who Number of Electoral Number of Identified Region Identified Areas Development Schemes Development Schemes ICT 3 2 3
Punjab 291 140 205
Sindh 170 70 106
Balochistan 4 2 2 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 41 25 35 (Including FATA) Overall 509 239 351
According to the interviewed citizens, most of the schemes (43%) were initiated by local government representatives while more than a quarter (28%) were inaugurated or announced by contesting candidates. Moreover, government officials opened around 13% of these schemes. The remaining 18% of the identified schemes were inaugurated by contractors, local political leaders, or other notables (see Table 4D.2).
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TABLE 4D.2 Regional Distribution of Development Scheme Initiators
Contesting Government Local Government Region Others Candidate Official Representative ICT 3
Punjab 68 25 67 45
Sindh 18 17 62 9
Balochistan 2 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 11 19 5 (Including FATA) Overall 97 45 150 59
Rewards or Gratification to Voters The interviewed citizens reported 139 incidents in which candidates or their supporters allegedly distributed Offering, giving or receiving any reward or cash, food and other gifts among citizens in order to gratification for voting or refraining to secure votes on polling day. Around a third (35%) of vote in an election is defined as bribery these incidents were reported from Sindh, 30% from KP, which is a corrupt practice punishable 19% from Punjab, 10% from Balochistan and six percent with an imprisonment up to three years or with fine up to one hundred thousand from ICT. rupees or with both. Figure 4D.2 shows the regional distribution of reported Sections 168 and 174 of the Elections Act, incidents of vote-buying. 2017
139
48 42 No. Incidentsof 27 8 14
ICT Punjab Sindh Balochistan KP (Including Overall FATA)
The respondents accused PTI of voter-gratification in a quarter (25%) of these incidents while other major parties allegedly involved in such incidents were PMLN and JUI-F, accused in 18% and 16% of the incidents respectively. Table 4D.3 shows the party-wise distribution of the reported incidents.
TABLE 4D.3 Party-wise Distribution of Incidents Involving Voter-gratification
Political Parties No. of Gratification Incidents Bahawalpur National Awami Party 1 Balochistan National Party (Awami) 4
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Political Parties No. of Gratification Incidents Grand Democratic Alliance 2 Independent 5 Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan 4 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (Fazal) 23 Mohajar Qaumi Movement Pakistan 8 Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 1 Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 5 Pak Sarzameen Party 9 Pakistan Muslim League 1 Pakistan Muslim League (Functional) 1 Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 25 Pakistan Muslim League Council 1 Pakistan Peoples Party (Shaheed Bhutto) 1 Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 5 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 35 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Nazriati 2 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Gulalai 2 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaniat 3 Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 1 Total 139
4E. Political and Electoral Violence
4E.1 Incidents of Violence Documented by FAFEN
FAFEN documented 93 incidents of political or electoral violence that occurred between January 2018 and July 2018. Nearly two thirds of these incidents were recorded during the two months preceding elections. These incidents of violence claimed 169 lives while 347 people were injured. Table 4E.1 presents a regional distribution of incidents and casualties.
TABLE 4E.1 Regional distribution of incidents of political or electoral violence
Region Number of incidents Mortalities Injured Abducted
Balochistan 10 132 162 -
ICT 2 0 0 - Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 16 26 95 - (including FATA) Punjab 41 4 52 -
Sindh 24 7 38 2
Overall 93 169 347 2
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Types of Incidents Nearly 29% of the incidents of violence (27) involved clashes between the workers and activists of various political parties including PTI (15 incidents), PMLN (eight incidents), PPPP (six incidents), TLP, PML- F and Pak Sarzameen Party (PSP) (two incidents each), and JI, MQM-H, National Party, PML, ANP and JUI-F (one incident each). Several times, workers of one party clashed amongst themselves.
Almost one-fifth (22%) of these incidents were attacks on political leaders or activists. As many as six of these attacks targeted workers/leaders of PMLN, three targeted PTI workers/leaders, two each targeted workers/leaders of PPPP, MQM, BNP, JI and independents while one targeted workers/leaders of MMA. In most of these cases (15), perpetrators were unknown while the remaining incidents were allegedly perpetrated by persons affiliated with PTI, ANP and PMLN, Lyari gangs and security officials.
Around 19% of the documented incidents were attacks on electoral candidates by unknown militants, mobs, and security personnel. Several candidates belonging to Balochistan Awami Party (BAP) (1), ANP (1), PTI (3), BNP (2), PPPP (4), MMA (1), PMLN (2), TLP (1) and independents (2) were victims of these attacks. At least three candidates belonging to ANP, PTI and BAP were killed in these incidents.
Almost 13% of the incidents were clashes between protesting parties and police officials. More than half of these incidents (seven) involved PMLN workers. Moreover, PSP, PPPP, Ahle Sunnat Wal Jamaat (ASWJ) and JUI-F workers also clashed with security officials in separate incidents.
In two incidents, PTI and PMLN activists allegedly perpetrated violence against citizens. In five incidents, ANP, PTI, PMLN, police and unknown assailants targeted election or government officials. Moreover, two attacks were launched on journalists, one each by PTI and PMLN, and one of display of arms by a PMLN supporter/worker (refer to Table 4E.2).
TABLE 4E.2 Types and Numbers of Documented Incidents of Violence
\ Types of Violence Number of Incidents
Attack on Candidates 18
Attack on Citizens 2
Attack on Election/ Govt. Officials 7
Attack on Media 2
Attack on Party/ Election Office 4
Attack on Political Leaders/Activists 20
Clash between Political Workers 27
Display of Arms 1
Clash between Police and Political Workers 12
Overall 93
Tactics of Violence Perpetrators of violence used blunt objects such as stones, bricks, in almost one-third of the documented incidents of violence while gunfire or firearms were used in another one-third of the incidents. The remaining one-third incidents involved Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs), suicide bombing, arson and sharp objects, as shown in Table 4E.3.
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TABLE 4E.3 Tactics of Violence
Tactics of Violence Number of incidents
Arbitrary Detention 2 Arson 2 IED/Suicide Bombing 8 Blunt Objects (Stones/Bricks, Physical Assault) 32 Gunfire/Firearm 31 Sharp Objects 2 Threat/Intimidation 6 Unable to Determine 10 Overall 93
4E.2 Incidents of Violence Reported by Citizens
Around 0.2% or 70 of the citizens interviewed in 44 electoral areas also reported incidents of electoral violence in their areas. More than half of these citizens belonged to Sindh (mostly Karachi) where they reported violent clashes between workers of MQM, PSP and PTI. Moreover, citizens also reported clashes between PTI and PMLN in Punjab and among PTI, ANP, QWP and PPPP in KP. Refer to Table 4E.4 for details of incidents reported by citizens.
TABLE 4E.4 Incidents of Violence Reported by Citizens
No. of No. of Citizens who Reported Region Electoral Conflicting Parties Incidents of Violence Areas 26 22 PTI, PMLN, Government Punjab Functionaries Sindh 39 17 MQM, PSP, PTI Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 5 5 PTI, ANP, QWP, PPPP (Including FATA) Overall 70 44
4F. Political Realignments
Political realignments became visible months prior to the Election Day. Several political leaders and prominent personalities changed their political affiliations whereas parties and groups realigned themselves in a shifting political scenario. FAFEN’s documentation of the formation of cross-party alliances, party switching by political figures and shifting of political factions at the district level is presented in the following sub-sections:
4F.1 District Level Alliances amongst Political Parties
GE-2018 witnessed the revival of MMA, an alliance of religious parties including JI and JUI-F. Several district chapters of these parties made alliances with other notable religious parties of the respective districts. They announced formal alliances in Khushab, Dera Ghazi Khan, Swat, Jhelum and Karachi East
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with smaller religious parties comprising Shia Ulema Council, Jamiat Ahl-e-Hadith, and Islami Tehreek Pakistan. More district-level alliances are presented in Table 4F.1.
TABLE 4F.1 Alliances between Political Parties at the District Level
District Alliances
Swabi ANP, PPPP and PMLN forged an alliance against PTI
Panjgur National Party and JUI-F formed an alliance
Lodhran PML-F and PML formed an alliance
Lodhran PAT and PTI formed an alliance
PTI and Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam-Sami (JUI-S) formed an alliance Charsadda JUI-F and Qaumi Watan Party (QWP) formed an alliance.
Harnai ANP, PkMAP, JUI-F, PPPP, BNP and PTI formed Harnai Bachao Tehreek Alliance.
Multan ARP formed alliance with PMLQ
Sahiwal JI, JUI-F and TLP formed an alliance against PMLN.
Lahore Pakistan Justice Party merged with PMLN.
4F.2 Party Switching by Political Figures
Party-Switching by Former Legislators FAFEN observers and media monitors documented the cases of 67 former legislators – 35 MNAs, 29 MPAs and three Senators – who switched loyalties during the months leading to GE-2018. More than two-thirds of these leaders (46) joined PTI, the overwhelming majority of whom had previously belonged to PMLN. In Sindh, PSP emerged as a major beneficiary by winning over at least nine former legislators. In Balochistan, BAP accomodated most legislators. The following figure shows a regional distribution of party-switching by former legislators.
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FIGURE 4F.2.1 Party-Switching by Former Legislators
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Party-Switching by Local Government Representatives FAFEN observed 53 incidents of local government (LG) representatives changing their political affiliations during the election year. In most of these incidents reported from Punjab and KP(including FATA), the LG representatives joined PTI while in Sindh most preferred to join PPPP. The following figure shows a regional distribution of reported incidents of party-switching by LG representatives.
FIGURE 4F.2.2 Party-Switching by Local Government Representatives
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Shifting of Political Factions
In addition to former legislators and LG representatives, other politically important factions including tribal, ethnic or caste-based groups and political workers kept shifting their political loyalties in the run- up to GE-2018. Around 233 incidents of political workers and 91 of family-based or tribal groups shifting their political loyalties were reported in the mainstream media or local press.
Like their counterparts in the legislatures and local governments, the political workers and tribal/ethnic/family groups also preferred joining PTI. In 73 of 233 incidences involving political workers, and 26 of 91 incidences involving tribal, ethnic or clan-based groups, these factions shifted their loyalties towards PTI. However, the majority of incidences reported from KP (including FATA) showed ANP and PPPP in a more favourable position than PTI in winning over political workers.
The following figure shows the regional distribution of reported incidents of political workers and tribal/ethnic groups.
FIGURE 4F.2.3 Shifting of Political Workers’ Groups
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FIGURE 4F.2.4 Shifting of Tribal/Ethnic Groups
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4G. Profiles of Contesting Candidates
FAFEN interviewed nearly 60% (or 2,068) of the contesting NA candidates. Around seven percent of them (141) claimed to be LG representatives in their respective regions. The proportion of LG representatives among GE-2018 NA contestants was highest in the case of Balochistan where almost 16% of the interviewed candidates said they were LG office-bearers at the time of elections. Table 4G.1 shows the regional distribution of the proportion of LG representatives among interviewed candidates.
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Regional Distribution of Proportion of LG Representatives among Interviewed NA TABLE 4G.1 Candidates
Contesting NA Interviewed NA Number of LG Region Candidates Candidates Representatives Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 709 432 23 including FATA ICT 73 39 3 Punjab 1,561 1,063 65 Sindh 822 426 33 Balochistan 288 108 17 Overall 3,453 2,068 141
Overall 7% 93%
Balochistan 16% 84%
Sindh 8% 92%
Punjab 6% 94%
ICT 8% 92%
KP (Including FATA) 5% 95%
Member of Local Government Not Member of Local Government
Of the 141 NA candidates claiming to be LG representatives, 46% belonged to Punjab, 24% to Sindh, 16% to KP, 12% to FATA and two percent to ICT, as shown in Figure 4G.1. Among major parties, BAP had the largest proportion of LG representatives, with 43% of the interviewed candidates belonging to it at the time of GE-2018 (refer to Figure 4G.2).
12% 16%
2%
24%
46%
KP (Including FATA) ICT Punjab Sindh Balochistan
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Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 25% 75% Grand Democratic Alliance 9% 91% Balochistan National Party 20% 80% Balochistan Awami Party 43% 57% Pakistan Muslim League 15% 85% Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 16% 84% Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 3% 97% Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 8% 92% Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 6% 94% Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 17% 83% Other Political Parties 4% 96% Awami National Party 12% 88% Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 8% 92% Independent 5% 95%
Member of Local Government Not Member of Local Government
Almost 23% (or 466) of the interviewed candidates said that one or more of their relatives were also contesting GE-2018. The frequency of such reports was noted to be higher in Punjab than in other regions; more than a quarter (28%) of Punjab candidates reported that their relatives were also running for office (refer to Figure 4G.3). Most of these candidates were independents while sizeable proportions belonged to the mainstream parties PTI, PMLN and PPPP, as shown in Figure 4G.4.
Overall 23% 77%
Balochistan 19% 81%
Sindh 20% 80%
Punjab 28% 72%
ICT 5% 95%
KP (Including FATA) 14% 86%
Any relative is also taking Part in GE-2018 No relative taking Part in GE-2018
Pashtoonkhwa Milli Awami Party 2 Grand Democratic Alliance 9 Balochistan National Party 0 Balochistan Awami Party 5 Pakistan Muslim League 4 Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 74 Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 11 Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 62 Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 11 Muttahidda Qaumi Movement 0 Other Political Parties 33 Awami National Party 9 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 75 Independent 171
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4H. Campaigning and Canvassing
4H.1 Campaign Materials
During the 22-day campaign period, FAFEN observers No person or a political party shall affix spotted various kinds of campaigning advertisements in posters, banners or portraits larger than more than half (54%) of the electoral areas visited by the sizes prescribed by ECP; print posters, them. They witnessed the presence of both oversized handbills or pamphlet without the names and banned campaign advertisement materials in of publisher and printer; affix hoardings or these areas. Campaign advertisement (portraits, panaflexes of any size; do wall chalking banners, pamphlets and posters) exceeding the legally for election canvassing; hoist party flags at public property. prescribed sizes were observed in 36% of the observed electoral areas. The oversized campaign materials were Section 180(3) of the Elections Act, 2017 noted to be more rampant in Balochistan than in other regions.
Observers also noted 4,568 violations of the ECP’s code of conduct, in which candidates or parties had exercised banned campaign practices or displayed banned campaign materials, including wall- chalkings, billboards, and panaflexes. Figures 4H.1 to 4H.5 show the overall data and the numbers of observed violations and electoral areas where they were observed:
Electoral Areas where campaign material 46% was found 54% Electoral Areas where campaign material was not found
Overall 64% 36%
Balochistan 57% 43%
Sindh 62% 38%
Punjab 64% 36%
ICT 73% 27%
KP (Including FATA) 66% 34%
Legally Allowed Size Campaign Material Oversized Campaign Material
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178
121
95 93 76 78 62 47
KP (Including FATA) Punjab Sindh Balochistan
Number of Violations Number of Electoral Areas
83
68 62 52
22 19 10 5 5 5
KP (Including FATA) ICT Punjab Sindh Balochistan
Number of Violations Number of Electoral Areas
2,746
1,322
747
294 276 215 128 40 55 34
KP (Including FATA) ICT Punjab Sindh Balochistan
Number of Violations Number of Electoral Areas
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4H.2 Use of Places of Worship for Campaigning Purposes
The disallowed use of places of worship for campaigning purposes by existing and emerging religious parties increased during the campaigning period. Citizens interviewed by FAFEN reported 207 incidents of political gatherings held at places of worship, the majority of which (129) were reported in KP. Independent candidates and JUI-F were the most frequently cited electoral actors using places of worship for campaigning purposes. Figure 4H.6 shows the regional distribution of reported campaign activities held in places of worship. A party-wise list of instances is also provided in Table 5.41.
129
61
14 Number of Reported Gatherings Reported Number of 3
Punjab Sindh Balochistan KP (Including FATA)
TABLE 4H.1 No. of Reported Political Gatherings Held at Places of Worship Disaggregated by Parties
Political Parties Political Gatherings Held at Places of Worship All Pakistan Muslim League 1 Awami National Party 3 Hazara Democratic Party 1 Independents 48 Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan 21 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (Fazal) 58 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam Nazryati Pakistan 6 Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen Pakistan 1 Mohajar Qaumi Movement Pakistan 1 Mutahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 12 Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 15 Pakistan Peoples Party (Shaheed Bhutto) 1 Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 2 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 18 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Nazriati 1 Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 14 Tehreek-e-Labbaik Islam 4 Total 207
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4H.3 Use of Loudspeakers in Political Gatherings
More than a quarter of citizens interviewed (26%) reported No person or a political party shall use having attended political gatherings during the campaign loudspeaker for canvassing except at period. Figure 4H.7 presents a regional distribution of election meetings. citizens’ responses on attending political gatherings. Section 180(3)(f) of the Elections Act, 2017
Balochistan 31% 69%
Sindh 17% 83%
Punjab 25% 75%
ICT 14% 86%
KP (Including FATA) 42% 58%
Participated in Political Gatherings Did not Participate in Political Gatherings
More than half (53%) of the interviewed citizens reportedly witnessed the use of loudspeakers in political gatherings. These political gatherings may have included events other than election meetings, such as rallies and campaigning events, in which the Loudspeaker use of loudspeaker is legally prohibited. Overall and Used for regional distribution of citizens’ responses are given 47% Campaigning in Figures 4H.8 and 4H.9. 53% No Use of Loudspeakers
Balochistan 58% 42% Sindh 62% 38% Punjab 41% 59% ICT 36% 64% KP (Including FATA) 77% 23%
Loudspeaker Used for Campaigning No Use of Loudspeakers
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5A. Importance of the Nomination Process
In a democratic system, the electoral process is designed to ensure true representation of the people and provide contesting candidates with sufficient opportunity to present themselves and their political visions before the electorate. The nomination of candidates to gain ballot access is the formal procedure by which political parties field candidates and independent contestants come forward to contest polls following thorough eligibility checks through well-defined nomination procedures.
In a parliamentary democracy such as Pakistan, candidates are generally nominated by political parties who award tickets to contest elections for national and provincial assemblies. However, there is no restriction on individuals to contest polls as non-party independent candidates for general seats in any of the NA or PA assemblies (which include 272 NA constituencies and 577 constituencies of all four PAs).
Candidates may also contest in multiple constituencies and are not required to be registered as voters in the constituencies where they are competing. However, candidates for the NA are required to be registered as voters somewhere in Pakistan, while PA candidates must be registered voters in their concerned provinces. At the time of nomination, candidates may specify their party affiliations on their nomination papers.
Exercising the powers conferred by the Constitution of Pakistan upon the ECP, it is the Commission’s responsibility to set broad rules for the nomination process, thereby providing a sound framework for checking the eligibility of candidates. When a candidate files nomination papers, s/he is required to submit certain documents, make a security deposit, and take oath/affirmation following the filing of nomination papers. The concerned RO appointed by the ECP checks the eligibility of the candidates in his/her assigned area through scrutiny of all submitted documents. The Elections Act 2017, has provided a mechanism to the ECP for systematically scrutinizing nomination information and verifying the submitted documents. For this purpose, the ECP established a centralised Scrutiny Cell in the federal capital and instituted an information-sharing mechanism to seek timely information and inputs from other institutions including NAB, FBR and NADRA.
5B. Announcement of Elections and Procedure for Nominations
Following the announcement of dates for general elections by the President of Pakistan, the ECP is bound to announce the Election Program within seven days through notification in the official Gazette and by publication on its website, calling upon the voters of the notified assembly constituencies to elect their representatives.
The nomination process of candidates, a major component of the Election Program, comprises several procedures and steps including filing of nomination papers by candidates with ROs; scrutiny of nomination papers by ROs; filing of appeals against acceptance or rejection of nomination papers; decisions on appeals by Appellate Tribunals; last date for withdrawal of candidature and the last date for publication of revised list of candidates.
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5B.1 Calendar: Announcement of Elections to Polling Day
(According to the Elections Act, 2017)
Activity Deadline Notification to call upon the voters of the notified Within seven days following the announcement Assembly constituencies to elect their of dates for General Elections by the President representatives in accordance with the Election of Pakistan Program Last date for making nominations The sixth day following the date of publication of notification for voters, calling upon them to elect their representatives Last date for publication of names of the The day following the last date of filing of nominated candidates nomination papers Scrutiny of nominations Eighth day immediately following the last date for making nominations Last date for filing of appeals against Fourth day following the last date for the acceptance or rejection of nominations scrutiny of nominations Last date for decision of appeals The seventh day following the last date for filing of appeals Last date for publication of the revised list of The day following the last date for decision of candidates appeals Last date for the withdrawal of candidature The day following the last date of publication of revised list of candidates Date for allocation of symbols and publication of The day following the last date for withdrawal list of contesting candidates of candidature Date or dates on which a poll shall, if necessary, A date not earlier than the twenty eighth day be taken, after the publication of the revised list of candidates
5C. How the Elections Act 2017 is Different from Previous Laws
With regard to the nomination of candidates, the Elections Act 2017 differs from previous laws concerning the candidate nomination process in a number of important aspects:
Nomination forms have been consolidated and the same form has now been prescribed for i. candidates contesting all types of seats.
The mandatory deposit with nomination papers has been revised from Rs. 4000 to Rs. 30,000 for ii. NA and Rs. 2000 to Rs. 20,000 for PAs. Section 61(1)
Similarly, the deposit with nomination papers for Senate has been increased from Rs. 4000 to Rs. iii. 20,000. Section 111(1a).
During the scrutiny of nomination papers, the law clearly prohibits questions which have no relevance to the information supplied in the nomination paper or has not arisen from the iv. objections raised by any person or information received by him or objections raised by any person, or tangible material to the contrary available on record. Section 62(7)(8).
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In case a candidate deposits any amount of loan, tax or government dues and utility expenses payable by him of which he is unaware at the time of filing of his nomination papers, such v. nomination paper shall not be rejected on the ground of default in payment of such loan, taxes or government dues and utility expense. Section 62(10).
Several declarations which were part of the nomination forms in older laws were omitted from the Elections Act 2017. These regarded outstanding loans from any bank, financial institution, cooperative society or corporate body in the candidate’s name or in the name of his/her spouse or any dependents; declaration on default in payment of government dues or utility vi. charges; list containing names of spouse(s) and dependents; companies owned by the candidate or his/her spouse and dependents, pending cases of criminal offences, educational qualification, income-tax paid during the preceding three years (along with total income and source of income and personal expenditure detail from statement of liabilities).
5C.1 Court Rulings about Nomination Papers
The Lahore High Court in its decision regarding a petition on June 1, 2018 ruled about the Elections Act 2017 that the nomination form of candidates (Form-A) and statement of assets and liabilities (Form-B) must be revised. The higher judiciary noted that the forms do not include mandatory information and declarations as required from candidates contesting elections, such as details about a nominee’s educational qualifications, dual nationality, paid income-tax, criminal record, and assets and liabilities of all dependents of the candidate. On June 3, the Supreme Court suspended the decision of Lahore High Court to revise Form-A and Form-B and instructed the candidates to attach affidavits with their nomination papers containing details regarding their assets and liabilities, etc. The ECP was also directed by the apex court to prepare the affidavit declared compulsory for aspiring candidates.10
10https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Affidavit%20Final.pdf
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5D. Legal Framework regarding Nomination and Scrutiny of
Candidates
Every nomination shall be made by a separate nomination paper on Form-A signed both by the proposer and the seconder and shall, on solemn affirmation made and signed by the candidate, be accompanied by:
Declaration that s/he has consented to the nomination and that s/he fulfils the qualifications a. specified in Article 62 and is not subject to any of the disqualifications specified in Article 63 for being elected as a Member;
Declaration that s/he has opened an exclusive account with a scheduled bank for the purpose b. of election expenses;
c. Attested copy of her/his National Identity Card; and Statement of her/his assets and liabilities and /or her/his spouse and dependent children as on d. the preceding thirtieth day of June on Form-B. Elections Act, 2017, Section 60(2)
Every nomination has to be made on Form-A, which is to be signed by both the proposer and the seconder. The following are required to complete a nomination for either National or Provincial Assembly seats:
1. Nomination Form-A includes Declaration and Oath by the person nominated
2. Statement of Assets and Liabilities (Form-B) including verification
3. If a candidate belongs to a political party, s/he shall attach a certificate from the political party Deposit (for National Assembly Rs. 30,000 and for Provincial Assembly Rs. 20,000). If a candidate 4. is nominated by more than one nomination paper in the same constituency, it is not necessary to make more than one deposit ECP Handbook for ROs, Page 34
The RO shall, in the presence of the persons attending the scrutiny, examine the nomination papers and decide any objection raised by any such person to any candidature.
Elections Act, 2017, Section 62(4)
The RO will examine the nomination papers carefully, ensuring that all information is available and valid.
Any objection to the nomination of a candidate shall be decided by the RO during scrutiny.
ECP Handbook for ROs, Page 39
The Returning Officer may, for the purpose of scrutiny, require any authority or organization, including a financial institution, to produce any document or record or to furnish any information as may be necessary to determine facts relating to an objection to the candidature of a candidate.
Elections Act, 2017, Section 62(5)
The RO may, for the purpose of scrutiny, require any agency or authority to produce any document or records.
ECP Handbook for ROs, Page 39
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The RO may, on either his own motion or upon an objection, conduct a summary enquiry and may reject a nomination paper if he is satisfied that—
a. The candidate is not qualified to be elected as a Member;
b. The proposer or the seconder is not qualified to subscribe to the nomination paper; Any provision of section 60 or section 61 has not been complied with or the candidate has c. submitted a declaration or statement which is false or incorrect in any material particular; or
d. The signature of the proposer or the seconder is not genuine. Elections Act, 2017, Section 62(9)
The RO may conduct inquiry if he thinks fit in order to decide whether to accept or reject nomination paper. The inquiry may be conducted on the RO’s own motion or upon objection to the nomination by a voter. The RO will reject a nomination paper if he is satisfied that: a. The candidate is not qualified to be elected;
b. The proposer of seconder is not qualified to subscribe a nomination paper;
c. Any provision of Section 60 and 61 of Elections Act, 2017 is not complied with; or
d. The signature of the proposer or seconder is not genuine. ECP Handbook for ROs, Page 39
A candidate or the objector may, within the time specified by the Commission, file an appeal against the decision of the Returning Officer rejecting or accepting a nomination paper to an Appellate Tribunal constituted for the constituency consisting of a person who is a Judge of a High Court appointed by the Commission in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court concerned.
An Appellate Tribunal shall summarily decide an appeal filed under sub-section (1) within such time as may be notified by the Commission and any order passed on the appeal shall be final. Elections Act, 2017, Section 63(1 & 2)
The Tribunal will consist of a person who is or has been a judge of High Court appointed by the Commission in consultation with Chief Justice of the High Court concerned. The tribunal will take a decision on the appeal within the timeframe given in the election program.
ECP Handbook for ROs, Page 43
If the Appellate Tribunal is not able to decide the appeal within the time fixed by the Commission under sub-section (2) of section 63 the appeal shall abate and decision of the Returning Officer shall be final.
Elections Act, 2017, Section 63(3)
The RO may, for the purpose of scrutiny, require any agency or authority to produce any document or records. The rejection of a nomination paper shall not invalidate the nomination of a candidate by any other valid nomination paper. The RO may give opportunity to the candidate or his/her agent to provide any document to him during the stipulate period. ECP Handbook for ROs, Page 39
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5E. Nomination and Scrutiny of Contesting Candidates
As laid out in the legal framework, a candidate aspiring for election to an Assembly has to file a nomination form duly signed by a proposer and a seconder who should be registered as a voter in the same constituency that the nominated candidate wishes to contest from. During GE-2013, the scrutiny process caused several controversies due to ROs using their discretion to ask candidates any sorts of questions, allegedly in a bid to establish their disqualification on objectionable grounds. The Elections Act 2017, addressed the issue by providing a safeguard against asking irrelevant or inappropriate questions, as alluded to earlier.
The notification under section 57(1) of the Elections Act 2017 calling upon voters to elect their representatives to the NA and PAs was issued on May 31, 2018. The last date for filing of nomination papers with ROs, originally June 6, 2018, was revised under section 58 of the Elections Act 2017 to June 8, 2018. The schedule regarding publication of names of nominated candidates was also changed from June 7, 2018 to June 12, 2018 while the remaining schedule laid out in the Election Program remained the same.11
This section presents observation findings regarding the nomination and scrutiny of candidates and provides a region-wise breakdown of nominated and rejected candidates. Relying on the ECP's official data, the section also provides details of the gender composition of contesting candidates.
5E.1 Nominations for National Assembly
The process of filing of nomination papers by candidates began on June 4, 2018 and concluded on June 8, 2018. According to data on nominations of NA candidates obtained from the ECP’s official website, 5,473 nominations were received by ROs for 272 NA constituencies.12 Of these nominations, 2,700 were received for 141 constituencies of Punjab and three of Islamabad, while 1,346 were received for 61 constituencies of Sindh. In addition, 992 nominations were received for 39 constituencies in KP (including the 12 constituencies of FATA). A total of 435 nominations were received for 16 constituencies in Balochistan.
5E.2 Regional Distribution of Nominations and Rejections
Comparatively, as shown in Table 5E.1, the largest number of nomination papers (7,996) was received during GE-2013, of which 1,178 were rejected.13 A total of 4,184 nomination papers were received in GE-2008, of which 265 were rejected,14 while 3,552 papers were received in GE-2002 of which 298 were rejected.15
11https://www.ecp.gov.pk/PrintDocument.aspx?PressId=55202&type=Image 12The total number of NA Candidates i.e. 5,806 mentioned in FBR report does not match with the total number of nominated candidates released by ECP i.e. 5,473 accessed from: https://www.ecp.gov.pk/PrintDocument.aspx?PressId=55295&type=Image 13https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202013%20report/Election%20Report%202013%20Volume-I.pdf (pages 53 & 58) 14https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2008vol1.pdf (page 42 & 45) 15https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol1.pdf (page 79-80)
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Comparative Regional Distribution of Nominations Received and Rejected TABLE 5E.1 (GE-2002—GE-2018)
National Assembly
Sr. No Region GE-2002 GE-2008 GE-2013 GE-2018
Received Rejected Received Rejected Received Rejected Received Rejected
1 Balochistan 215 23 295 24 439 25 435
Khyber Informa 2 Pakhtunkhwa 662 70 890 70 1,390 157 992 tion not including FATA availabl Punjab e on 3 1,759 137 2,018 116 4,160 608 2,700 including ICT ECP website 4 Sindh 916 68 981 55 2,007 388 1,346 Overall 3,552 298 4,184 265 7,996 1,178 5,473
5E.3 Status of NA Candidates following Scrutiny
Scrutiny of nomination papers filed by aspiring candidates is a most crucial function of the RO who has to follow the timeline announced by the ECP and ensure that only those candidates who meet the eligibility requirements of the Constitution and the law are allowed to contest elections. To bolster eligibility checks on candidates, the ECP set up a centralized Scrutiny Cell in the federal capital and sought extensive financial as well as criminal records of all candidates. The scrutiny process involved six institutions other than the ECP, including FBR, NAB, SBP, FIA, Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL), and PTCL.
Following the complete scrutiny of nomination papers by ROs and the ECP’s Scrutiny Cell, 3,426 candidates contested the General Elections, as shown in Table 6.2. A total of 1,601 nomination papers were accepted in Punjab and ICT, followed by 814 in Sindh, 721 in KP (including FATA) and 290 in Balochistan.
In comparison, following the disposal of appeals, withdrawal of candidature and retirement from the contest for NA seats, contesting candidates amounted to 4,671 in GE-201316; 2,215 in GE-200817; and 2,038 in GE-200218.
TABLE 5E.2 Regional Distribution of Nominated and Final Contestants
Sr. No. Region Nominations Filed Contesting Candidates (As per Result Forms) 1 Balochistan 435 290 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2 992 721 (including FATA) 3 Punjab and ICT 2,700 1,601
4 Sindh 1,346 814
Overall 5,473 3,426
16https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202013%20report/Election%20Report%202013%20Volume-I.pdf (page-66) 17https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2008vol1.pdf (page-56) 18https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol1.pdf (page-89)
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5E.4 Nominations for Women Reserved Seats
As shown in Table 5E.3, the number of nominations of women contesting on NA reserved seats saw a steady increase over the last three general elections. A total of 301female candidates submitted their nominations in GE-2008 while 350 and 436 women filed nominations in GE-2013 and GE-2018, respectively.
TABLE 5E.3 Nomination Papers Filed by Female Candidates (GE-2008 – GE-2018)
Region GE-2008 GE-2013 GE-2018
Balochistan 22 50 36 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 48 78 88 including FATA Punjab including ICT 155 123 236
Sindh 76 99 76
Overall 301 350 436
5E.5 Nominations for Minority Seats
During GE-2018, the number of nominations received for minority seats saw a decline, with only 44 non- Muslim candidates filing nomination papers. In GE-2013, 182 candidates filed nomination papers for minority reserved seats, followed by 95 candidates in GE-2008.
5E.6 Nominations of Women Contestants for General Seats
The Elections Act 2017 directs political parties to allot five percent representation to women candidates while making their selection of candidates contesting the general seats. The law was followed by almost all major political parties during GE-2018. Table 5E.4 shows a comparative party-wise breakdown of male and female candidates nominated by major parties for contesting general seats in the NA and PAs.
TABLE 5E.4 Nominated Candidates Disaggregated by Party Affiliations and Gender
No. of Legally Female Required No. Sr No Name of Political Party Male Female Candidates of Female Alloted Party Candidates Tickets 1. Aam Log Party Pakistan 11 2 Nil 2 2. All Pakistan Muslim League 154 8 7 8 3. Allah O-Akbar Tehreek 240 10 12 10 4. Amun Taraqqi Party 39 2 2 2 5. Awami National Party 187 14 9 14 6. Balochistan Awami Party 64 3 3 3 7. Balochistan National Party 57 3 2 3 8. Balochistan National Party (Awami) 32 2 1 2 9. Grand Democratic Alliance 114 8 5 8 Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (Nazariyati) 10. 36 4 2 4 Pakistan
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No. of Legally Female Required No. Sr No Name of Political Party Male Female Candidates of Female Alloted Party Candidates Tickets 11. Jamiat Ulama-e-Paktstan (Noorani) 26 2 1 2 12. Muhaji rQoumi Movement Pakistan 44 3 2 3 13. Muttahidda Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan 583 33 30 33 14. Muthahida Qaumi Movement Pakitsan 94 6 4 6 15. National Party 58 7 2 7 16. Pak Sarzameen Party 148 12 7 12 17. Pakistan Awami Raj 44 2 2 2 18. Pakistan Human Rights Party 15 3 1 3 19. Pakistan Muslim League 44 5 2 5 20. Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) 639 37 32 37 21. Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians 642 43 32 43 22. Pakistan QuamiYakjehti Party 18 1 Nil 1 23. Pakistan Sunni Tehreek 71 4 3 4 24. Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 769 42 38 42 25. Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan 556 33 27 33 Prompted by the provision of 5% women quota in the Elections Act 2017, the proportion of women contesting NA seats increased in comparison with prior elections. A total of 4.5% (260 of 3,426) of the total candidates who contested the polls in 2018 were women. These women filed their nomination papers to contest elections on 157 (58%) of 272 general seats in the NA. On the remaining 115 seats, only men were in the run. Women’s participation in the 272 constituencies is shown in Table 5E.5.
TABLE 5E.5 Regional Distribution of Women Nominated for NA General Seats
No. of Constituencies No. of Constituencies Where Both Female and Where Only Male Total Region Male Candidates Candidates Contested Constituencies Contested Elections Elections Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 13 26 39
FATA 3 9 12
ICT 3 0 3
Punjab 91 50 141
Sindh 40 21 61
Balochistan 7 9 16
Overall 157 115 272
In comparison, only 61 (2.9% of 2,038 candidates) women contested the polls in GE-2002. Though the number increased to 75 in GE-2008, women represented only 3.3% of the 2,215 candidates. Similarly, women made up only 3.4% (161 out of 4,671) of the total candidates in GE-2013.
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5F. Experiences of Contesting Candidates
Chapter V (Conduct of Elections to the Assemblies) in the Elections Act 2017 provides complete details of the procedure for submitting nomination papers along with the responsibilities of the concerned election staff. FAFEN CCs interviewed 2,076 candidates who received nomination papers from ROs and asked them questions to determine whether or not the process of acquiring the nomination papers was trouble-free.
5F.1 Largely Trouble-free Process of Acquiring Nomination Papers
As shown in Figure 5F.1, only 37 of the 2,076 candidates interviewed by CCs reportedly faced difficulty in acquiring nomination papers, while the remaining 2,039 had no complaints. 37 Number of candidates Issues Reported by the Candidates who reported
in Acquiring Nomination Papers difficulties Number of candidates Although the ECP prepared a specimen who did not report of the affidavit to be submitted with difficulties nomination papers, candidates complained about revising the 2,039 procedure at the last moment, amid lack of understanding and cooperation by ECP staff in filling the required affidavit. A small number of candidates considered the documentation and verification process a difficult task while the others found the valuation of assets to be problematic in the given time-frame. Candidates also complained that the status of proposer and seconder, as laid out in the law, was not clear due to lack of information. It was also suggested that the ECP should allow submission of online forms to simplify the process and to handover the papers to the nominees of the candidates as per the law.
Of the 37 complaints, 19 complaints were made by the candidates from Punjab, followed by Sindh (eight), KP (seven) and ICT (three). These candidates included affiliates of 14 parties as well as independent aspirants; 14 complaints were made by independent candidates, six by PPPP candidates, two each by PMLN and PTI candidates and the remaining by candidates of 11 other parties.
5F.2 Largely Trouble-free Process of Submitting Nomination Papers
The CCs inquired about the ease of submitting nomination papers from the interviewed candidates. As shown in Figure 5F.2, the overwhelming majority of the interviewed candidates (1,986) did not have any complaints, while 90 90 Number of candidates who reported candidates reported having difficulties in difficulties submitting nomination papers. Number of candidates who did not report difficulties 1,986
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Issues Reported by Candidates in Submitting Nomination Papers The complainants found the documentation process to be complicated, lengthy and time consuming. They expressed reservations about the roles of institutions tasked with clearing their documents and also about the details required in the affidavit. Absence of proper checklists, seeking exact details about assets, unnecessary objections as well as documentation and opening of separate bank accounts in the given time-frame were all reported to be difficult.
Most of the complaints in this regard were received from candidates in Punjab (59), followed by KP (15), Sindh (nine), Balochistan (four) and ICT (three). The complainants included candidates of 26 parties and independents aspirants. A total of 17 complaints were made by independent candidates, 13 by PPPP candidates, nine each by PMLN and PTI candidates and the remaining 42 by candidates of 23 other parties.
5F.3 Persisting Incidence of Objectionable Questioning by ROs
In perspective of the law’s express directive to ROs to refrain from asking irrelevant or inappropriate questions during the scrutiny process, FAFEN CCs asked candidates if they had been 72 asked any objectionable questions. As shown in Figure 5F.3, the overwhelming Number of candidates who reported majority of the interviewed candidates objectionable (2,004) did not object to the scrutiny of questioning nomination papers, however, 72 Number of candidates candidates reported that they were who did not report asked objectionable questions. objectionable questioning Most of the candidates who reported violation of section 62 (7) of the Elections 2,004 Act 2017, were from Punjab (47) followed by Sindh (16), KP (seven) and ICT (two). They included candidates of 16 political parties and Independent aspirants; 30 of them were independent candidates, nine were PMLN candidates, six were PPPP candidates, five were PTI candidates and the remaining 22 candidates belonged to 13 other parties.
5F.4 Provision of Receipt for Submission of Nomination Papers
As shown in Figure 5F.4, 2,027 of the interviewed candidates confirmed receiving receipts after submitting nomination papers, however, 49 candidates claimed not having received a receipt. 49 Number of candidates who reportedly received receipts Number of candidates who reportedly did not receive receipts
2,027
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5F.5 Provision of Receipt for Money Deposited as Election Guarantee
According to sub-section 1 of Section 61 of the Elections Act 2017, the RO must not accept a nomination paper unless a sum of Rs. 30,000 for election to a seat in the NA and Rs. 20,000 for election to a seat in 84 PA is deposited by the candidate or
another person on his behalf. It is among Provided Receipt the responsibilities of a RO to provide Provided No Receipt receipts for the sums of money deposited as election guarantee at the time of filing nomination papers, as required by Section 61 of the Elections Act 2017. 1,991 The overwhelming majority (1,991) of candidates confirmed having received receipts, while 84 candidates claimed that they were not provided receipts by the concerned ROs, as shown in Figure 5F.5. The remaining one interviewed candidate did not respond to the question.
5G. Observation of the Scrutiny Process
FAFEN CCs monitored the scrutiny process of 4,073 candidates. However, the observers were barred from observing the scrutiny process in 377 instances by ROs or the security staff. Details are provided in Table 5G.1.
TABLE 5G.1 Regional Distribution of the Observation of Scrutiny Process
Region Observation Allowed Observation Disallowed
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 539 53
FATA 137 51
ICT 90 5
Punjab 2,089 160
Sindh 997 58
Balochistan 221 50
Overall 4,073 377
While a few ROs did not mention a particular reason for objecting to the presence of FAFEN CCs as the scrutiny process was underway, others demanded authority letters of the ECP or of the concerned DROs and DECs. These ROs were of the view that the law allowed only candidates, their proposers and seconders to participate in the scrutiny process.
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5G.1 Examining the Voting Credentials of Proposers and Seconders
With respect to Section 60(1) of the Elections Act 2017, ROs are responsible for verifying the constituencies in which proposers and seconders of the candidates are registered as voters.
The CCs reported that ROs verified the voting credentials of proposers and seconders in the overwhelming majority of cases, however, such a process was overlooked in 46 observed instances. Moreover, no clarification or reply to inquiries was received from ROs in seven cases, as shown in Table 5G.2.
Regional Distribution of Observed Verification of Credentials of Proposers TABLE 5G.2 and Seconders
Region Credentials Verified Credentials Not Verified Missing Information
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 532 7 -
FATA 137 - -
ICT 88 2 -
Punjab 2,058 25 6
Sindh 985 11 1
Balochistan 220 1 -
Overall 4,020 46 7
5G.2 Objections on Proposers or Seconders
Of the 4,073 observed cases of scrutiny, ROs did not raise any objections on proposers and seconders in 3,950 of the cases. Objections, however, were raised in 111 cases, as shown in Table 5G.3. In 12 cases, no clarification or reply to this particular observation was received from ROs.
The objections largely related to the proposers or seconders being registered as voters in the constituencies other than the aspiring candidate’s contested constituency, non-provision of voting records, mismatched personal signatures and unattested copies of NICs. In a few instances, objections were raised due to non-provision of agriculture-tax details and cases against them.
TABLE 5G.3 Regional Distribution of Observed Objections to Proposers and Seconders
Region Objections Approvals Missing Information
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 9 529 1
FATA 9 128 -
ICT 5 85 -
Punjab 41 2,039 9
Sindh 43 952 2
Balochistan 4 217 -
Overall 111 3,950 12
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5G.3 Questions by ROs during the Scrutiny Process
With respect to Section 62 (7) of the Elections Act 2017 that lays out strict guidelines for questioning nominated candidates, FAFEN’s observation of the scrutiny process recorded only 31 instances (in 12 constituencies) in which ROs asked questions from nominated candidates that contravened the ECP’s express instructions. These questions included quizzes on the rules of English grammar and the recitation from theHoly Quranic. In six cases, no clarifying replies were received from ROs. Region-wise details are given in Table 5G.4.
TABLE 5G.4 Regional Distribution of Observed Instances of Inappropriate Questioning by ROs
ROs asked inappropriate ROs did not ask Region Missing Information questions inappropriate questions Khyber 1 538 - Pakhtunkhwa FATA - 137 -
ICT - 90 -
Punjab 25 2,059 5
Sindh 4 992 1
Balochistan 1 220 -
Overall 31 4,036 6
5G.4 Rejection of Nomination Papers
Of the total 4,073 observed cases, ROs accepted 3,825 nomination papers and rejected 248. The nomination papers were mostly rejected on grounds of incomplete documentation, bank default, non- payment of utility bills, different constituencies of proposers and seconders, incorrect statements provided in the affidavits, absence of work detail for the constituency as MNA and dual nationality. The RO in NA-136 rejected the nomination papers of a candidate due to the candidate’s unavailability, despite the proposer and seconder being present.
5H. Scrutiny Process at the ECP’s Scrutiny Cell
As mentioned earlier, the ECP’s Scrutiny Cell was established in the ECP Secretariat to assist ROs in verifying the eligibility of the nominated contestants by cross-checking facts from SBP, NAB, FBR, FIA, SNGPL and PTCL.
The Elections Act 2017 terms a person guilty for making or publishing a false statement or declaration in any material particularly in respect of statement of assets and liabilities or any liability with regard to payment of loans, taxes, government dues and utility expenses.
Article 63 (1n) also states that a Member of Parliament may be disqualified if he has obtained a loan for an amount of two million rupees or more from a bank, financial institution, cooperative society or cooperative body in his own name or in the name of his spouse or any of his dependents, which remains unpaid for than one year from the due date, or has got such loan written off.
He may also be disqualified as per Article 63 (10) if he or his spouse or any of his dependents has defaulted in payment of government dues and utility expenses, including telephone, electricity, gas
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and water charges in excess of Rs. 10,000, for over six months, at the time of filing of his nomination papers.
In line with these laws and the Constitution, an expanded scrutiny of all nominated candidates was conducted which authorized the ECP to direct any authority or organization, including any financial institution, to produce any document or record or to furnish any information as may be necessary to determine facts relating to the candidature of a candidate.
As shown in Table 5H.1, the ECP’s Scrutiny Cell processed the data of 5,806 nominated candidates19 and cross-checked it with the six institutions/departments mentioned above. According to the statistics released by the ECP, 3,675 candidates contested the General Elections, suggesting that as many as 2,131 nominated candidates were unable to pass the Commission’s scrutiny.
TABLE 5H.1 Regional Distribution of NA Candidates Scrutinized by the Scrutiny Cell
Region Type of Seats No. of Nominees Scrutinized
General 374 Balochistan Women 40
FATA General 374
ICT General 122
General 702 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Women 90
General 2,322 Punjab Women 173
General 1,214 Sindh Women 180
Minorities 215
Overall 5,806
5H.1 Scrutiny by the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR)
Notably, the Elections Act 2017 does not restrict non-tax-filers from becoming candidates of the National or Provincial Assemblies. According to the FBR, 4,092 nominated NA candidates were tax filers with National Tax Numbers (NTNs), while the remaining (1,714) were not registered with the Board. Table 5H.2 provides the details:
19This information was published on the ECP website.
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TABLE 5H.2 Tax Filing Status of Nominated Candiates Disaggregated by Types of Seats
Type of Seat Tax Filers Tax Non-Filers Grand Total Non-Filer%
General 3,663 1,445 5,108 28%
Minorities 127 88 215 41%
Women 302 181 483 37%
Overall 4,092 1,714 5,806 30%
Of the 5,108 NA candidates nominated for general seats, 72% (3,663) were verified as filers while 28% (1445) were not. Of the 215 nominated minority NA candidates, 59% (127) were filers,whereas 88 (41%) were non-filers. Similarly, 63% (302) of the nominated NA candidates for women’s reserved seats were filers and 181 (37%) were non-filers.
5H.2 Scrutiny by the National Accountability Bureau (NAB)
The ECP’s Scrutiny Cell approached NAB to check the status of plea bargain or conviction as well as any pending cases against the nominated candidates. The NAB, in its response, identified 10 candidates against whom cases were pending in the accountability courts or who were either convicted or had taken plea-bargain in the past. These candidates and their status are presented in Table 5H.3.
Prominent among these candidates were Muhammad Hamza Shahbaz Sharif, Maryam Nawaz Sharif, and Sardar Mir Baz Muhammad Khetran. The nomination papers of nine NA candidates were found to be in order whereas one nominee - Sahibzada Muhammad Usman Khan Abbasi – had reportedly been declared disqualified to contest elections or hold public office under Section 15 of the National Accountability Ordinance.
TABLE 5H.3 Scrutiny by the National Accountability Bureau (NAB)
Region Constituency Name Status NAB Appeal against quashment of Muhammad Hamza Punjab NA-124 Lahore-II case against candidate pending Shahbaz Sharif with Supreme Court of Pakisan Maryam Nawaz Punjab NA-125 Lahore-III Under Trial Sharif Sahibzada NA-173 Bahawalpur- Punjab Muhammad Usman Took Plea Bargain IV Khan Abbasi NAB Appeal against quashment of NA-192 Dera Ghazi Mian Muhammad Punjab case against candidate pending Khan-IV Shahbaz Sharif with Supreme Court of Pakisan Sindh NA-218 Mirpurkhas-I Syed Imtiaz Ali Shah Convicted by Accountability Court
Sindh NA-219 Mirpurkhas-II Ali Nawaz Shah Convicted by Accountability Court NA-259 DeraBugti- Sardar Mir Baz cum-Kohlu-cum- Balochistan Muhammad Under Trial Barkhan-cum-Sibi- Katheran cum-Lehri NA-261 Jafarabad- Balochistan Faiq Ali Jamali Convicted by Accountability Court cum-Sohbatpur
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Region Constituency Name Status
Balochistan NA-263 Killa Abdullah Bismillah Khan Kakar Convicted by Accountability Court Ghulam Balochistan NA-264 Quetta-I Convicted by Accountability Court Muhammad
5H.3 Scrutiny by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP)
As many as 116 cases were unearthed by the Scrutiny Cell in which candidates were either shown indebt or their loans had been written-off. The loans were overdue in the cases of 71 nominated NA candidates, partially written off in the cases of 35 nominees, and fully written off in the cases of 10 candidates (refer to Table 5H.4).
TABLE 5H.4 Status of Candidates Defaulting Payments
Overdue and Type of Seats Overdue Loans Written-off Loans Overall Written off Loans
General Seats 66 30 10 106
Minority Seats 1 1
Women’s Seats 5 4 9
Overall 71 35 10 116
Aspiring candidates whose nomination papers had been accepted despite their having written-off loans included Chaudhary Zafar Iqbal Warriach; Sardar Ali Raza Khan Dareshak; Sardar Nasrullah Khan Dareshak and Amir Waliuddin Chishti.
5H.4 Scrutiny by Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL) and Pakistan
Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL)
As many as 68 aspiring candidates for NA seats who submitted 79 nomination papers for NA seats were found to be defaulters of SNGPL. A total of 447 nominees who submitted 485 nomination papers were reported to be defaulters of PTCL.
5H.5 Candidates with Dual Nationalities
The election law forbids a person with dual nationality to contest elections. The nationality of any foreign country is essential to be withdrawn and evidence to be submitted with election authorities about it.
A total of 43 candidates who submitted 47 nomination papers for NA general seats and reserved seats were found to have dual nationalities. Of these 47 papers, FAFEN observed the scrutiny process of 25 nominations at the concerned RO offices. The nomination papers of 16 of the 25 aspiring contestants were accepted by ROs. One candidate or his nominee did not appear for the scrutiny process after submission of nomination papers. See Tables 5H.5 and 5H.6 for the status of nomination papers of reported dual national candidates.
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TABLE 5H.5 Dual-National Nominees Whose Nomination Papers were Accepted
Sr. Candidate Name Constituency Second Nationality
1 Siraj Mohammad NA-25 UK
2 Hisham Inamullah Khan NA-36 USA
3 Ali Begum Khan NA-46 USA
4 Mohammad Azhar Aslam NA-60 UK
5 Nadeem Khadim NA-66 UK
6 Bilal Azhar NA-66 UK
7 Aqeel Ahmed NA-102 UK
8 Zahid Akram NA-134 UK
9 Nasira Sangal NA-138 UK
10 Ghulam Mujtaba Rai NA-141 Canada
11 Sumera Ahsan NA-141 Canada
12 Tehmina Shahiq Ahmed NA-182 USA
13 Sardar Muhammad Usman Almani Baloch NA-211 UK
14 Babar Chandio NA-225 USA
15 Sabr Hussain NA-244 UK
16 Faisal Vawda NA-249 USA
TABLE 5H.6 Dual-National Nominees Whose Nomination Papers were Rejected
Second Sr. Candidate Name Constituency Nationality 1 Arshad Bashir NA-32 USA
2 Muhammad Saleem NA-40 UK
3 Farhana Qamar NA-53 UK
4 Chaudhry Muhammad Khurshid Zaman NA-58 UK
5 Muhammad Naveed NA-86 UK
6 Malik Muhammad Wazir NA-87 USA
7 Arshad Naeem Khan NA-227 Canada
8 Habib Shaikh NA-246 UK
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Annex-I: Pre-Election Long-Term Observation Checklists
دار نرٹسجنشی رٹنیسےک اشمدہے یک چ ک ی ٹسل
یعلض وکآرڈی نی ٹر اک انم: ومابلئ ربمن: ادارے ای میظنت اک انم: اترخی:
اینبدی ولعمامت
اندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیساک اشمدہہ 1 اندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیس اک انم 2 اندرا ررٹسجنشی اک ہتپ 3 علض 4 اشمدہے اک دن اور اترخی اندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیساک وفن ربمن - 5
)ًالثم051-8466232( 6 اندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیسےک ےنلھک اک وتق 7 اندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیسےک دنب وہےن اک وتق 8 ووفقں یک دعتاد 9 وےفق اک دوراہین )05:15( 10 وہفق /ا وےفق رکےن یک وہج اندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیسرپ رہشویں یک وہستل 11 ےک ےئل ینتک ڑھکایکں ای اکؤرٹن انبےئ ےئگ ںیہ؟ اندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیسرپ رہشویں یک وہستل 12 ےک ےئلانبیئ یئگ ینتک ڑھکایکں ای اکؤرٹن اعفل ںیہ ؟ اشمدہے ےک دن ادنازاًےنتک رہشی اندرا 13 ررٹسجنشیرٹنیس ںیم وہسایلت احلص رکےن ےک ےئل آےئ؟
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دروخاتس زگار وں ےس ارٹنووی
)یعلض وکارڈی نی راےنپاندراررٹسجنشیرٹنیسرپاچرٹاےسی دروخاتس زگاروں ےس ارٹنووی رکے اگ وج ےئن انشیتخ اکرڈ ےک وصحل ےک ےئل آےئ وہں (
الہپ ارٹنووی دورساارٹنووی رسیتاارٹنووی وچاھتارٹنووی
1 دروخاتس زگار اک انم
2 دروخاتس زگار اکومابلئ ربمن
3 دروخاتس زگار اکہتپ )اگؤں، ہلحم، اٹؤن(
آپاندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیس رپانشیتخ اکرڈ ےک 4 وصحل ےکےئلینتکدہعف آ ےکچ ںیہ؟ آپ وک اانپ اکم رکواےنںیم وکیئ لکشم شیپ 5 آیئ؟ ایکآپاندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیس رپ وموجد 6 اٹسفےک روےی ےس نئمطم ںیہ؟ ایکآپےک انشیتخ اکرڈ رپ وموجدہ اور لقتسم 7 ےتپاکی ےسیج ںیہ؟ ایکوکافئ درج رکےت وتق اندرا ےک ااکلہر ےنآپےس وپاھچ ہک آای آپ اانپ ووٹ 8 وموجدہہتپای لقتسم ہتپ رپ درج رکاان اچےتہ ںیہ؟
9 آپوکاےنپ اکم ےک ےئل انتک وتق اگل؟
اندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیس ےک ااچنرج ےس ارٹنووی
دہاتی:درجذلیوساالت اندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیس ےک ااچنرج ےس وپھچ رک ںیھکل۔
1 ایکاندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیس ےک ااچنرج ےن ارٹنووی یک ااجزت دی؟ 2 ارٹنووی رشوع وہےن اک وتق )ًالثمpm 00 :5( 3 اندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیس ےک ااچنرج اک انم 4 اندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیس رپ اٹسف یک دعتاد 5 اندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیس رپ ینتک ٹفش وہیت ںیہ؟ ایک آپ ےتھجمسںیہہکآپےک رٹنیس رپ رہشویں یک دعتاد ےک اابتعر 6 ےسولطمہب اٹسف وموجد ےہ؟ ایکآپےتھجمسںیہ ہک آپ ےک رٹنیس رپ ولطمہبیکینکت اسامن وموجد 7 ےہ؟
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ایکآپ وک ارٹنٹین ای رسور (Server)یکرسوس یک یلطعم اک 8 ہلئسم شیپ آات ےہ؟ ارگاہں وت ینتک دہعف ایکآپاندراڈیہ وکاررٹ یک رطف ےس ےنلم وایل وپسرٹ ےس 9 نئمطم ںیہ؟ ارگںیہن وت لیصفت درج رکںی ایک آپ اک یعلضانشکیلرنشیمکےک اسھت وکیئ راہطب وہات ےہ؟ارگ 10 اہںوت لیصفت ںیھکل 11 ارٹنوویمتخ وہےن اک وتق)ًالثم 05:08pm)
آجےک دن رفامہ یک یئگدخامتےکادعادوامشر)ہیولعمامتاندرا ررٹسجنشی رٹنیس ےک ااچنرج ےس وپھچ رک ںیھکل(
سنج ےئن انشیتخ اکرڈ دجتدی انشیتخ اکرڈ اورزیس اپاتسکین انشیتخ اکرڈ افرم یب درگی رمد وخانیت وخاہج رسا
اندراررٹسجنشی رٹنیس ےک ابرے ںیم اشمدہہ اکر اک رصبتہ
اساندراررٹسجنشیرٹنیسیکومجمیعاکررکدیگےکابرے ںیم اےنپ ایخالت ںیھکل زین ہی یھب اتبںیئ اےس ےسیک رتہب ایک اج اتکس ےہ؟
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ورٹ ر رٹسجنشی ےک ارے ن ںیم ولعمامت یک چ ک ی ٹسل
یعلض وکآرڈی نی ٹر اک انم: ومابلئ ربمن: ادارے ای میظنت اک انم: اترخی:
دہاایت رباےئ یعلض وکآرڈی ن یٹر
ہی وساانلہم ارٹنوویےکےئلںیہن ےہ
نوساالتاک اِدصقم ہی ےہ ہک یعلض وکآرڈی نی رےئناقوننےک ٹاطمقب اےنپ علض ںیم وورٹز ےک َادنراج، رخاجاور َا رٹارفسن )دریگتس( ےک رطہقی اکر یک دنتسم اور
لمکم ولعمامت اےنپ DEC ےساحلصرک ےکس۔یعلض وکآرڈی نی ٹر DECےسالماقتاکوتق رک ےک دنمرہج ذلی ولعمامت احلص رکے اگ۔
اینبدی ولعمامت ڈرٹسٹک انشکیل رنشمک اک انم ڈرٹسٹک انشکیل رنشمک ےکدرتف اک وفن ربمن ڈرٹسٹک انشکیل رنشمک اک ومابلئ ربمن ڈرٹسٹک انشکیل رنشمک اکسکیف ربمن ڈرٹسٹک انشکیل رنشمک اکدرتفاک ہتپ اترخی
دہاایت رباےئ یعلض وکآرڈی ن یٹر )دنمہجذلی نشکیس رپ رکےت وتق DEC یکاجبنےساتبےئ ےئگ وجاابت یہ درج رکںی(
آپاےنپ علض ںیم وورٹ ز اک ادنراج ، ارخاج ،رٹارفسن اور دریگتس ےسیک رکےت ںیہ؟ 1. ووٹ ادنراج اکایکرطہقی ےہ ؟
1
2. ووٹ ارخاج اکایکرطہقی ےہ ؟
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3. ووٹ رٹارفسناکایک رطہقی ےہ ؟
4. وورٹےکوکافئ یک دریگتس اک ایک رطہقی ےہ ؟
ایک اندرا یکرطفےسانشکیل نشیمک وک دےئ اجےن واال وسنمخ دشہ اور رتمیمدشہانشیتخ اکرڈ اک ڈاٹی آپ وک اباقدعیگ ےس لم راہ ےہ؟
2
اسڈاٹیےکاطمقبااختنیب رہفوتسں اڈپٹی رکےن اک رطہقی اکر ایک ےہ ؟
2
ڈرٹسٹکانشکیلاورانشکیلنشیمکرکیسرٹیٹی)االسم آابد(ےک درایمن وورٹز ےس ہقلعتم ولعمامت رئیش رکےن اک ایک رطہقی ےہ ؟
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ط ایک آپ یسک رہشی ایریغ رساکری نتیک دروخاتس رپ وورٹز ےک ادنراج، ارخاج ، رٹارفسن اوردریگتس ےکادعادوامشر رفامہ رکےت ںیہ؟
4
ایکآپےکاپس رمد، وخانیت ، اوتیلقں، اور ذعمور ارفاد ےک ادنراج، ارخاج ، رٹارفسن اوردریگتس ےکادعادوامشر وہےت ںیہ؟
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ارگڈرٹسٹکانشکیلرنشمکدنمرہج ابال وسال اک وجاب اہں ںیم دے وہ وت دنمرہج ذلی وسال وپںیھچ۔ ط یسک رہشی ای ریغرساکری نتیک دروخاتس رپ وورٹز ےک ادنراج، ارخاج ، رٹارفسن اوردریگتس ےکادعادوامشررفامہ رکےن اک ایک رطہقی اکر ےہ؟
6
آپ وک وورٹز ےک ادنراج، ارخاج ، رٹارفسن اوردریگتسںیموکیئ الکشمت شیپ آ ریہ ںیہ؟
7
ایکآپ اےنپ علض ںیم وخانیت،اوتیلقں،وخاہجرساوںاور ذعمور ارفاد یک ررٹسجنشی ےک ےئل وکیئ وصخیص ادقاامت رک رےہ/ ےکچںیہ ؟
8
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آپ ےک ایخل ںیم DVEC یکاافدتی ایک ےہ؟
9
DEC ےکدرتف ےکدورے یک اترخی
DVECےکوننشیکیفیٹ ےک ارجأ یک اترخی ئ DVECےک چرپنسای ونکرنی اک انم ئ DVECےک چرپنسای ونکرنی اک دہعہ
DVECےک ارانیک ےک انم عم دہعے انم دہعہ ہمکحم سنج
ایکہقلعتمارسفیکاجبنےس یعلض وورٹ اوجینشیک یٹیمک ےک ارانیکاکوننشیکیفیٹرفامہ رکدای ایگ؟ )ارگ اہں وت وننشیکیفیٹ یک اکیپکیچ ٹسل ےک اسھت فل رکںی اور GMISرپ اپ ولڈ رکںی۔
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ہقلحدنبویں ےک لمع اک اشمدہہ
یعلض وکآرڈی نی ٹر اک انم: ومابلئ ربمن: ادارے ای میظنت اک انم: اترخی:
ادعاد و امشر
علض
وقیمایلبمسےک وموجدہ وقلحں یک دعتاد
وقیمایلبمسےک وجمزہ وقلحں یک دعتاد
وصابیئایلبمس ےک وموجدہ وقلحں یک دعتاد
وصابیئایلبمس ےک وجمزہ وقلحں یک دعتاد
علضےکوقیم ایلبمس ےک وقلحں ںیم آابدی یک اوطس دعتاد
علضےکوصابیئایلبمس ےک وقلحں ںیم آابدی یک اوطس دعتاد
الہپنشکیس:وقلحںیک ادتبایئ اجتوزی اک اشمدہہ
ایسیسامجتع اک امندنئے اک انم
ایسیس امجتع اک انم
1. ایسیسامجتع ےک امندنئے اک دہعہ ☐امی انی اے ☐امی یپ اے اسہقب☐ امی انی اے ☐اسہقب امی یپ اے ئ ☐علض وکرلسن ☐علض انمظ ای چنیم ☐یعلض دہعدیار
2. ایکآپےکاپسہقلح دنبویں یک ادتبایئ اجتوزی یک رساکری وقنل ںیہ؟ ☐اہں ☐ںیہن
3. ارگاہںوتہی وقنل ےسیک احلص ںیک؟ ☐ڈیمای ☐ڈرٹسٹک انشکیل رنشمکےکدرتفےس انشکیل ☐نشیمک یک وبی اسٹئ ☐وکیئ درگیذرہعی
4. ایکآپےکایخلںیمہقلح دنبویں یک ادتبایئ اجتوزییک ایتری اک لمع افشف اھت؟ ☐اہں ☐ںیہن
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ارگںیہن وت ووجاہت ایبن رکںی۔
5. ایکادتبایئاجتوزیںیمہقلحدنبایں رکےن ےک اوصولں )رغجاایفیئ ودحت ، ےقلح ےک یعبط دخواخل، ااظتنیمااکیئ،وماالصیت راہطب اور وعایم وہسایلت اور وقلحں ےک مجح ںیم رباربی )دسدصیفےکرفق ےک اسھت(اک ایخل راھک ایگ ےہ؟ارگیسکایسیسامجتعاکدہعدیارہقلحدنبویں ےک ابرے ںیم یسک اظفحتت اک ااہظر رکے وت اس ےس وپںیھچ ہک اس ےک اظفحتت سکےقلح ےک ابرے ںیم ںیہ اوراسےقلح اک انم اس وجاب ںیم ںیھکل۔
6. ایکآپےکایخلںیموجمزہہقلحدنبیےس یسک اخص ربادری، ےلیبق ای یلسن رگوہ وک اصقنن ےنچنہپ اک ااکمن ےہ؟ارگیسکایسیسامجتعاک دہعدیار ہقلح دنبویں ےک ابرے ںیم یسک اظفحتتاک ااہظر رکے وت اس ےس وپںیھچ ہک اس اظفحتتسکےقلحےکابرےںیم ںیہ اور اس ےقلح اک انم اس وجاب ںیم ںیھکل۔ ☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم ربادری،ےلیبق ای یلسن رگوہ اک انم ےسج اصقننےنچنہپ اک ااکمن ےہ؟
7. ایکآپےکایخل ںیم وجمزہ ہقلح دنبی ےس یسک اخصرفےقایذمیبہرگوہ وک افدئہ ےنچنہپ اک ااکمن ےہ؟ارگیسکایسیسامجتعاک دہعدیار ہقلح دنبویں ےک ابرے ںیم یسک اظفحتت اک ااہظررکےوتےسوپںیھچہکاسےک اظفحتت سک ےقلح ےک ابرے ںیم ںیہ اور اس ےقلح اک انم اس وجاب ںیم ںیھکل۔
☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیم و وصابیئایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم اس رفےقایذمیبہ رگوہ اکانم ےسجافدئہ چنہپ اتکسےہ؟
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8. ایکآپےکایخلںیموجمزہہقلحدنبیےس یسک اخص رفےق ای ذمیبہ رگوہ وک اصقنن ےنچنہپ اک ااکمن ےہ؟ارگیسکایسیسامجتعاک دہعدیار ہقلح دنبویں ےک ابرے ںیم یسک اظفحتت اک ااہظررکےوتےسوپںیھچہکاسےک اظفحتت سک ےقلح ےک ابرے ںیم ںیہ اور اس ےقلح اک انم اس وجاب ںیم ںیھکل۔
☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم اس رفےقایذمیبہ رگوہ اکانم ےسجاصقنن چنہپ اتکسےہ۔
9. ایک آپ ےک ایخلںیموجمزہہقلحدنبیےسیسک اخص ایسیس امج تع وک افدئے اک ااکمن ےہ ؟ارگیسکایسیسامجتعاکدہعدیار ہقلح دنبویں ےک ابرے ںیم یسک اظفحتت اک ااہظر رکے وتےسوپںیھچہکاسےکاظفحتت سک ےقلح ےک ابرے ںیم ںیہ اور اس ےقلح اک انم اس وجاب ںیم ںیھکل۔
☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم اس ایسیس رفےق اکانم ےسجافدئہ چنہپ اتکسےہ۔
10. ایکآپےکایخلںیموجمزہہقلح دنبی ےس یسک اخص ایسیس امج تع وک اصقنن اک ااکمن ےہ ؟ارگیسکایسیسامجتعاک دہعدیار ہقلح دنبویں ےک ابرے ںیم یسک اظفحتت اک ااہظر رکے وتےسوپںیھچہکاسےکاظفحتت سک ےقلح ےک ابرے ںیم ںیہ اور اس ےقلح اک انم اس وجاب ںیم ںیھکل۔
☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم اس ایسیس امجتع اکانم ےسجاصقنن چنہپ اتکسےہ۔
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11. ایکآپیک امجتع ےک ولگ ادتبایئ اجتوزیےکالخفارتعااضت دالخ رکان اچےتہ ںیہ؟
☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم ہعمب
وہج
دورسا نشکیس:وقلحںیکیمتح رہفتس اک اشمدہہ
ایسیسامجتع اک امندنئے اک انم
ایسیس امجتع اک انم
12. ایکآپیک امجتع ےن ہقلح دنبویںیکادتبایئاجتوزی رپ وکیئ ارتعاض دارئ ایک؟ ☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم ایکارتعاض ایکایگ؟
13. ایکآپیکامجتع ےک ارتعااضت رپ وکیئ اکرروایئ وہیئ؟ ☐اہں ☐ںیہن
وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم نک ارتعااضت رپاکرروایئ وہیئ؟
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وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم نک ارتعااضت رپاکرروایئ وہیئ؟
14. ایکآپےکایخلںیم ارتعااضت دارئ رکےن اک رطہقی اکر آاسن اھت؟ ☐اہں ☐ںیہن
ارگ ںیہن وت ویکں؟
سین 15. ایکآپےک ایخل ںیم ہقلح دنبویںےسہقلعتماداروں )انشکیل نشیمک، اپاتسکن ادارہ امشرایت، اپاتسکن آرانگزئنشی، سرویوین ڈاپیرٹنمٹ( ےس راہطب رکان آاسن ےہ؟ ☐اہں ☐ںیہن
ارگںیہنوت سک ادارے ےن اعتون ںیہن ایک؟
دعماعتون یک ونتیع یک واضتح رکںی۔
16. ایک آپ اک ادتبایئہقلحدنبویںرپوکیئارتعاضہقلعتمادارےےک دعم اعتون ےک ابثعاور ہقلعتم داتسوزی ہن وہےن ےک ابثع دارئ وہےن ےس رہ ایگ اھت؟ ارگاہںوتوقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح یک وصرت ںیم اےسی ارتعااضت یک دعتاد ینتک یھت؟ وصابیئایلبمسےک ےقلح یک وصرت ںیم اےسی ارتعااضت یک دعتاد ینتک یھت؟
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17. ایکیسکارتعاضاک ہلصیف آپ ےک قح ںیم ایک ایگ؟ ☐اہں، ارگ اہں وت : ☐ںیہن وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم وہ ارتعااضت نج اکہلصیف قح ںیم وہا۔
18. ایکآپ ےک یسک ارتعاض وک رد ایکایگ؟ ☐اہں، ارگ اہں وت : ☐ںیہن وقیمووصابیئ ایلبمس ےک ےقلح اک انم وہ ارتعااضت نج وکردرکدایایگ۔
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چ ک ٹسل:ایسیسی اموحل اک اشمدہہ
اینبدی ولعمامت
ارٹنووی دےنی واےل اک انم
ایسیس امجتع اک انم
اپریٹ دہعہ
الماقت یک اترخی
ومابلئ ربمن
ای لیم اڈیرسی
سکیف ربمن
ہتپ
الہپ نشکیس
1. یعلضحطس رپ آپ یکامجتعاک ڈاھہچن ایک ےہ؟
2. یعلضحطسرپ امجتع ےک دہعدیاران یکدعتاد ینتک ےہ؟
3. یعلضحطس رپ آپ یکامجتع ںیموکن ےس دہعے ںیہ؟
4. اندہعوں رپ ولوگں وک ےسیک بختنمایک اجات ےہ؟ ارگانشکیلوہےتںیہوت ووٹ ڈاےنل ےک الہ ولگ ےنتک وہےت ںیہ؟
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ان دہعوں یکّدمت ینتک وہیت ےہ؟
آپ یکامجتعےک اس علض ںیمےنتک اراکن ںیہ؟
اس علض ںیماےسیےنتک اراکن ںیہوج امجتع یک رتینک یک سیف ادارکےت ںیہ؟
5. ایک امجتعےک امیل اورااظتنیماعمالمتاک اسحب راھک اجات ےہ؟
ل 6. ایک آپےک ایخل ںیم آپوکےئن ااختنیب اقونن ا ی کشٹر اٹکی2017 ابوصخلصاقونن ںیم درج ذلی اعمالمتےک ابرے ںیم دےیےئگ رطہقیاکر ےک ابرے ںیم اخرطوخاہ ملع ےہ؟
وورٹررٹسجنشیےک رطہقی اکر ےک ابرے ںیم آپ ایک اجےتن ںیہ؟
وپگنلنشیٹسےکااختنب اور ایقم ےک ابرے ںیم آپ ایک اجےتن ںیہ ؟
ایک آپ ااختنابتےسہقلعتم اکشایت ےکرطہقیاکر ےک ابرے ںیم آاگہ ںیہ؟
ادیمواروںیک انزمدیگ ےک لمع ےک ابرے ںیم آپ ایک اجےتن ںیہ؟
ااختنیب مہم یک رشاطئ اور ااختنیباضہطباالخقیک الخف ورزی رپ ایک زساںیئ ںیہ؟
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دورسا نشکیس
1. ایکآپےتھجمسںیہہکانشکیلنشیمکآفاپاتسکنریغ اجدبناری، اسکیین، افصنمہن اور افشف ادناز درج ذلی وبعشں ںیم اانپ اقونین رکدار ادا رکراہ ےہ؟
ایکآپےکایخلںیمانشکیلنشیمکآفاپاتسکن وورٹ ررٹسجنشی اک لمع اقونن ےک اطمقب رس ااجنم دے راہ ےہ؟
ایکآپےکایخلںیم انشکیل نشیمک آف اپاتسکن ااختنیب اکشایت رپاقوننےکاطمقب رضوری اکروایئ رک راہ ےہ؟
ایکآپےکایخلںیم انشکیل نشیمک آف اپاتسکن وورٹ اوجینشیک ےکےئلرضوری ادقاامت رک راہ ےہ؟
ایکآپےکایخلںیمرہشویںوک انشکیل ےس ہقلعتم ولعمامت کت راسیئ کت راسیئ احلص ےہ ؟
2. آپ یکامجتع ےن علض یک حطسرپآدنئہ ااختنابت یک ایتریےک ےئل ایک ادقاامت ےئک ںیہ؟
ادیمورانےکااختنب ےک ےئل ایک ےلصیفےئک ےئگ ںیہ؟
آپ یکامجتع وورٹ ررٹسجنشی اخصوطر رہ وخانیت،ذعمور اور ایتیلق ربادریےک ارفاد یک ررٹسجنشیےک ےئل ایک ادقاامت رک ریہےہ؟
آپ یکامجتع وورٹوں کت راسیئےک ےئل ایک رطہقیاکر اامعتسل رک ریہ ےہ؟
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آپ یکامجتع وورٹوں ںیمااختنابت ےس قلعتمآاگیہ الیھپےنےک ےئل ایک رک ریہ ےہ؟
آپ یکامجتع وپگنل اوٹنجیںوکرحتمک رکےن ےک ےیل ایکتمکح یلمع اانپ ریہ ےہ؟
ایکایھب کت امجتع یک رطفےسوپگنلاوٹنجیںیک رتتیب اک اامتہم ایک ایگ ےہ؟
ایکآپیکامجتعیعلض حطس رپ وکیئ ایسیس ااحتد رک ریہ ےہ؟
ارگاہںوتسکامجتع ای رگوہ ےک اسھت ہی ااحتد ایک اجراہ ےہ؟
آپیکامجتعںیمادیمواروں وک ااختنابت ےک ےیل ٹکٹ دےنی اک ایک ایعمرراھک ایگ ےہ؟
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آپامجتعاےنپااختنیبوشنمریکایتری ےک ےیل ایک ادقام رکریہ ےہ؟ ایک وشنمر یک ایتری ںیم آپ یک راےئ یھب اشلم ےہ؟
ایک آپ اینپ امجتع یک رمزکی ایقدتےک ولصیفں ےسقفتم ںیہ؟ ارگںیہن وتنکولصیفں ےساور االتخف یک ووجاہت ایک ںیہ؟
3. ایکاندراآپوکعلضےکدوردرازالعوقںںیم آپ ےک وورٹز یک ررٹسجنشی ےک ےئل ومابلئ ررٹسجنشی ونی رفامہ رکات ےہ؟ ارگ ںیہن وت ویکں؟
4. آپےکعلضںیموافیقوکحتمیک اجبن ےس ایک ایک رتایقیت اکم رکاےئ اج رےہ ںیہ؟
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5. آپ ےک علض ںیم وصابیئوکحتمیکاجبنےسایک ایک رتایقیت اکم رکاےئ اج رےہ ںیہ؟
6. آپےکعلضںیمیعلضوکحتمیک اجبن ےس ایک ایک رتایقیت اکم رکاےئ اج رےہ ںیہ؟
7. ایکےتھجمسںیہہکآپیک اپریٹ اور اس ےک اکرانکن آزاداہن وطر رپ آےن واےل ااختنابت یک ایتری رک رےہ ںیہ؟ارگںیہنوتایکآپوک درج ذلی یسک ےلئسم اک اسانم رکان ڑپ راہ ےہ؟
گ یسک اکی اپریٹ ای ادیمواریک امحتی رکےنےکےئل دیکمھ ای دابؤ
ایسیساکرانکنای رامنہؤں ےک الخف یئن افی آیئ آر اک ادنراج
ایسیساکرانکن ای رامنہؤں ےک الخف رپاےن دقمامترپ ازرس ون اکرروایئ
وپسیلایدرگیاقونن انذف رکےن واےل اداروں یک رطف ےسریغ اقونین رحاتس
درگیاسملئنجوہجےسآپیکامجتعای ادیمواروں وک اینپ ایسیس رسرگویمں ںیم اسملئ اک اسانم رکان ڑپراہ وہ۔
درگی ولعمامت
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چ ک ی ٹسل: ایسیس د ڑھے رگوہ /دنبی ا و ر ایسیس حما ی ت / وافد ا ر ویں یک دبتیلی ا و ر
ا عالنا ت
یعلض وکآرڈی نی ٹر اک انم: ومابلئ ربمن: ادارے ای میظنت اک انم: اترخی:
ہیکیچٹسل رباہ ِ راتس اشمدہے ےک ےئل ےہ ۔
1. وکن ےس دڑھے ،رگوہ ایںیمیظنت دحتم وہرےہ ںیہ ای اینپایسیسواف دارایں دبتلی رک رےہ ںیہ ؟ ان دڑھوں ،رگووہںای ومیظنتں ےک انمںیھکل۔ اورانیک اسہقب و یئن ایسیس وایگتسب ےکابرےںیم ولعمامت یھب رفامہ رکںی۔
2. دڑھے ،رگوہ ایمیظنت ےک العےق اک انم لیصحت: اگؤں /ہلحم:
3. آپ ےک ایخل ںیم اس دڑھے ،رگوہ ایمیظنتیکیئنایسیس امحتی ای واف دارویں یک ایک ووجاہت ںیہ ۔اسےّصحںیم رصف واحض ووجاہت ںیھکل۔)یعلض وکآرڈی ن ی ٹر وکاس ابرے ںیم ولعمامت اےنپ ذراعئ ےس ایھٹک رکاناچںیئہ۔(
4. اسےقلحیک ومجمیع ااختنیب وصراحتل رپ اس ااحتدےکایکارثات رمبّت وہےتکس ںیہ؟
5. آپوکہی ولعمامت نک ذراعئ ےس احلص وہںیئ رباہ ☐راتس اشمدہہ ☐ڈیمای امرٹنگن درجذلیوساالت ڈیمای امرٹینگن ےک ےئل ےہ ۔ اابخر اک انم اابخر اشعئ وہےن یک اترخی اابخراک ہحفص ربمن اڈینشی(اثمل ےک وطر رپ االسم آابد( ربخیک رسیخ)ڈیہالنئ) روپررٹای وینز ایسنجی اک انم
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چ ک ی ایسیس اٹسل: امتجاعتاک اشمدہہ
یعلض وکآرڈی نی ٹر اک انم: ومابلئ ربمن: ادارے ای میظنت اک انم: اترخی:
بجیھبٓاپےکعلضںیموکیئ ایسیس اامتجع وہ وت اس اک اشمدہہ رکںی اور اس کیچ ٹسل وکرھبںی۔ایسیساامتجع ںیم اکررن گنٹیم، ریلی، ہسلج، ولجس،ااجتحیجاظمرہہاوردرھانےسیجوااعقت اشلم ںیہ۔ رباےئ رہمابین اےسی امتم اامتجع یک اصتوری یھب اہیں اپ ولڈ رکںی۔
علض
ایسیس اامتجع اک اقمم
ایسیس اامتجع یک مسق ط مننظ ایسیس اامتجع ےک من ن اک انم اور ایسیس وایگتسب
ایسیس اامتجع ےک اقمدص
ایسیس اامتجع یک اترخی اور وتق
رشاک یک دعتاد )ادنازاً(
وخانیت رشاک یک دعتاد )ادنازاً(
رمد رشاک یک دعتاد )ادنازاً(
ایکایسیساامتجع ںیم حلسم ارفاد رشکی ےھت؟
ایسیساامتجع ںیم رشکی امہ رقمرنی ےک ابرےںیمولعمامت رقتری رکےن واےلرامنہ اک انم دہعہ ایسیس وایگتسب ایسیساامتجعںیمیک اجےن وایل رقتریوں ےک امہ اکنت ایک ےھت؟
f e d c b a ایک یسکےناینپرقتری ںیم درج ذلی ذجابت وک ااھبرےن یک یسک ربادری ای یلسن، وکشش یک؟ اسلین اور ابقیلئ راییتس اداروں العاقیئ رفہق واراہن یسک سنج ےک رفوقں ےک درایمن )ہقلعتم وجاابت وک بختنم رکںی۔( ط رگووہں ےک درایمن ےک الخف تعصی ات ذجابت الخف انتزاعت رپ ڑگھجا ارگانںیمےسیسک وجاب وک بختنم رکںی وت اس یک لیصفت ڑگھجے وک ااسکےن ذجابت واےل ذجابت ےچین درج رکںی:
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الیصفتت ______ایک یسکےناینپرقتری ںیم ولوگں وک دشتد رپ ااسکےن یک وکشش یک؟ارگاہںوت الیصفتت ےچین درج رکںی۔ ایکیسکےناینپ رقتری ںیم یسک دورسے یک یجن زدنیگ ےک ولہپؤںرپابتیکنج اک قلعت یسک ایسیس رسرگیم ےس ہن وہ؟ ارگاہںوت الیصفتت ےچین درج رکںی۔
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دشتد ےک و ا اعقت ےک اشمدہہ یک چی ک ٹسل
☐ ☐ اشمدہے یک مسق رباہ راتس اشمدہہ ڈیمای امرٹنگن دشتد اک واہعق سک اترخیوک شیپ آای؟
وصہب
علض
لیصحت
دشتدسک ہگج شیپ آای؟)ہلحم، اگؤں، وینین وکلسن(
دشتدےکاقمم یک رصتخملیصفت
واےعق اک وتق
واےعق یک لیصفت
دشتدےکےئل اامعتسل ایک ایگ رحہب ای رطہقی
دشتدرکےن واولں یک ولعمامت
دشتد رکےن واولں یک دعتاد
سنج
دشتد رکےن واولں یک انشتخ
دشتداکاکشر وہےن واولں یک ولعمامت
سنج
دشتداکاکشر وہےن واولں یک انشتخ
دشتد ےس وہےنوایل اومات یک دعتاد
دشتدےس زیمخ وہےن واولں یک دعتاد
دشتدےکواےعق یک وصرت ںیم اوغأوہےن واولں یک دعتاد
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دشتد ےسرہااسں ےئک اجےن واولں یک دعتاد
اابخر اک انم
اابخر اشعئ وہےن یک اترخی
اابخراک ہحفص ربمن
ربخیک رسیخ)ڈیہالنئ(
روپررٹ ایوینزایسنجی اک انم
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س وپگنل یی شنزاقمئ رکےن ےک اشمدہہ یک چ ک ی ٹسل
س وپگنل ین شٹ ریک ادتبایئ رہفوتسںےک ابرے ںیم ولعمامت
1 ےقلح اک انم
2 ررٹیگنن آرسیف یک رقتری یک اترخی س یعلضانشکیلرنشمک یک اجبن ےس وجمزہ وپگنل ین شٹریک رہفتس 3 ررٹیگننآرسیف وک عمج رکواےن یک اترخی س ررٹیگننآرسیف یک اجبن ےس امتم وپگنل ین شٹر یک ارفنادی 4 دصتقییکیئگ؟ ررٹیگنن آرسیف ےس وپںیھچ س ررٹیگننآرسیفیک اجبن ےس اےنپ درتف ےک ابرہ وپگنل ین شٹر 5 یکادتبایئرہفتس وعایم اعمےنئ ےک ےیل آوزیاں یک یئگ؟ س ررٹیگننآرسیفیک اجبن ےس اےنپ درتف ےک ابرہ وپگنل ین شٹر 6 یکادتبایئرہفتس وعایم اعمےنئ ےک ےیل آوزیاں ےیک اجےن یک اترخی
ادتبایئرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل لک وپگنل 7 س ین شٹ یکر دعتاد
ادتبایئرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل رساکری 8 س امعروتں ںیماقمئ ےیک اجےن واےل وپگنل ین شٹ یکر دعتاد
ادتبایئرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل ریغرساکری 9 س اداروںںیم اقمئ ےیک اجےن واےل وپگنل ین شٹ یکر دعتاد
س ادتبایئرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل رساکری دافرتںیماقمئ ےیک اجےن واےل وپگنل ین شٹریک لیصفت
دہاتی: ررٹیگنن آرسیف ےساحلص رکدہ ادتبایئرہفتس اولپڈ رکںی
س ادتبایئرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل ارپمووازئڈ )اعریض (وپگنل ین شٹر یک دعتاد
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س ادتبایئرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل ارپمووازئڈ(improvised) وپگنل ین شٹ یک رلیصفت عم ولنشیک وریغہ
وپگنل نشیٹس اک ربمن وپگنل نشیٹس اک انم امعرت اک انم اور ہتپ
س وپگنل ین شٹ رپےئکاجےن رواےل ارتعااضت یک لیصفت
س ڈرٹسٹکررٹیگننارسفوک وقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل وپگنل ین شٹررپ وموصل وہےن واےل ارتعااضت یک دعتاد
ایکڈیآراو یک اجبن ےس ارتعااضت رپ امستع وہیئ؟
رد وہےن واےل ارتعااضتیک دعتاد وبقل وہےن واےل ارتعااضت یکدعتاد ارتعااضت رپ ایک ہلصیف وہا
س وپگنل ین شٹ یک ریمتح رہفوتسںےک ابرے ںیم ولعمامت
س یمتحرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل لک وپگنل ین شٹ یکر دعتاد
یمتحرہفتسںیم وقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلحےکےیلرساکری امعروتں ںیم اقمئ ےیک اجےن واےل س وپگنل ین شٹ یکر دعتاد
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س یمتحرہفتسںیموقیمایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل ارپمووازئڈ وپگنل ین شٹریک دعتاد س یمتحرہفتسںیموقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل ان وپگنل ین شٹریک دعتاد وج ےلھچپ اعم
ااختنابت ںیم یھب وموجد ےھت؟ یمتحرہفتسںیموقیمایلبمسےک ےقلح ےک ےیل ریغرساکری اداروں ںیم اقمئ ےیک اجےن س واےل وپگنل ین شٹ یکر دعتاد ڈرٹسٹکررٹیگننارسفیکاجبنےس وقیم ایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل اقمئ ےیک اجےن واےل س وپگنل ین شٹریکیمتح رہفتس ےک ارجاء یک اترخی س یمتحرہفتسںیموقیمایلبمس ےک ےقلح ےک ےیل ارپمووازئڈ وپگنل ین شٹ یکلیصفت رعم ولنشیک وریغہ
وپگنل نشیٹس اک ربمن وپگنل نشیٹس اک انم اعریضوپگنل نشیٹس ےک اقمم یک لیصفت
ارتعاض دننکاگن ےس ارٹنووی( مک از مک دوارتعاضدننکاگن ےس ارٹنووی رکںی)
الہپ ارٹنووی دورسا ارٹنووی
آپےن ارتعاض ویکں ااھٹایاھت؟
ایکآپ وک ڈی آر او ےک اسےنم شیپ وہےن
ےکےیل البای ایگ؟
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ایکآپوہےن واےل ےلصیف ےس نئمطم ںیہ ‘
ارگ ںیہن وت ویکں؟
ارتعاضیک ونتیع ایک یھت؟
آپےک ارتعاض رپ ایک ہلصیف وہا؟
س ڈرٹسٹک ررٹیگنن ارسف یک اجبنےس وقیم ایلبمسےکےقلح ےک ےیل اقمئ ےیک اجےن واےل وپگنل ی ن شٹر یک یمتحرہفتس ےک ارجاء یکےکزگٹ وننشیکیفیٹ یک لقن
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Annex-II: Pre-Election Medium-Term Observation Checklists
1 یعلضانشکیل رنشمک ےس ارٹنووی
اشمدہہ اکر اک انم اشمدہہ یک اترخی علض اک انم
▪ ہیکیچٹسل یعلض وکآرڈی نی راےنپعلضےکانشکیلٹرنشمک ےس الماقت ےک دعب رُپ رکے اگ۔ ▪ ہیالماقتوجنےک ےلہپ ےتفہ ںیم یک اجےئ یگ۔
▪ اسکیچٹسلیک ولعمامت وک علض وک آرڈی نی ٹر رپ GMISاپ ولڈ رکے اگ۔
▪ رصفاتلمن،لصیف آابد ، راوڈنپلی ، رجگا وناہل اور الوہرےک یعلض وکآرڈی نی راےنپعلضےکامت ٹ م یعلض انشکیل رنشمک ےس دہاایت الماقت رکںی ےگ۔ ▪ ایدرےہہککیچٹسلںیمرفامہیک یئگ امت م ولعمامت لمکماور یلیصفت وہین اچےیہ۔ ▪ رباےئرہمابین ہی کیچ ٹسل مکی وجن ےس وجن 8 ےک درایمن وک FAFENذبرہعی GMISوجھبادںی ۔ رقمرہ وتق ےک دعب کیچ ٹسل GMISرپاپ ولڈ ںیہن وہ ےکس یگ۔
1 یعلضانشکیل رنشمک اک انم 2 یعلضانشکیل رنشمک اک راہطب ربمن ومابلئ ربمن: درتفاک ربمن : 3 یعلض انشکیل رنشمک ےک اک /ومابلئ ربمنایدرتف اک ربمن ☐ الہپ یعلض ☐ دورسا ☐ رسیتا یعلضانشکیل رنشمکسج ےس الماقت یکیئگاک دہعہ؟ انشکیل رنشمک یعلض انشکیل رنشمک یعلض انشکیل رنشمک ونٹ:ہیوسالرصف اتلمن ،لصیف آابد ، راوڈنپلی ، رجگا وناہل اور الوہر 4 ںیمےئکاجےنواےلیعلضانشکیل رنشمک ےکارٹنویز ےک ےئل اامعتسل ایک
اجےئ اگ۔
5 یعلضانشکیلرنشمک ےس الماقت یک اترخی علضےکامتم وقلحں ےک وورٹوں ےک ادعاد و امشر وخاہج رسا وورٹوں یک ےقلح اک انم رمد وورٹوں یک دعتاد وخانیت وورٹوں یک دعتاد وورٹوں یک لک دعتاد 6 دعتاد
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وجمزہوپگنل اونشیٹسں یک رہفںیتس وجمزہ وپگنل اونشیٹسں ایکآپےن وجمزہ وپگنل اونشیٹسں یک یک رہفںیتس ررٹیگنن ےقلح اک انم رہفںیتسہقلعتم ررٹیگنن ارسف ان وک وجمزہوپگنل اونشیٹسں یک دعتاد ارسفان وک ےنجیھب یک وجھبا دی ںیہ؟ 7 اترخی ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ایکوجمزہوپگنل اونشیٹسں یک رہفںیتس کلبپ ےک ےئل دایتسب ےہ؟ 8 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ونٹ :امتم وقلحں یکوجمزہوپگنل اونشیٹسں یک رہفںیتس GMISرپ اولپڈ رکںی۔ 9 علض ےکوقلحںیکیمتح ااختنیب رہفںیتس ایکآپےن علض ےک وقلحں یک یمتح ااختنیبرہفںیتس ہقلعتم ررٹیگنن ارسف ان ےقلح اک انم یمتحااختنیبرہفںیتس ررٹیگنن ارسف ان وک وجھباےن یک اترخی وک وجھبا دی ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 10 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن
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ایکآپ ےن یسک ای ادیموارانشکیل اٹنجیوکوورٹوں یک اصتوری وایل ااختنیب 11 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن رہفںیتسUSBںیم رفامہ یک ںیہ ؟ ےنتکادیمواروںےن وورٹوں یک اصتوری وایل ااختنیب رہفںیتسUSB ںیم 12 احلص یک ںیہ؟ ایکآپادیمواروںےس وورٹوں یک اصتوری وایل ااختنیب رہفںیتسUSB ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ںیمایہمرکےنیک وکیئ سیف ووصل رک رےہ ںیہ؟ 13 ارگسیفووصل یک اجریہ ےہ وت رپٹن یکوہیئاکیپاور اسٹف اکیپ یک سیف درج رکںی۔ وورٹوں یک رہفتس یک مسق رپٹن یک وہیئ اکیپ اسٹف اکیپ ووصل یک یئگ سیف آپاسابتوکینیقی انبےن ےک ےئل ایک ادقاامت رک رےہ ںیہ ہک وورٹوں 14 یکاصتوریوایلااختنیب رہفںیتس انشکیل ےک العوہ یسک اور دصقم ےک ےئل اامعتسل ہن وہں؟ امہرےاشمدہےےساتپاتلچےہ ہک بج انشکیل نشیمک اےنپ ےلمع وک وطبر یعلضارسفاورررٹیگنن ارسف انیعتت رکات ےہوت انشکیل ےک ااظتنامتاک ایعمر دقرے رتہب وہات ےہ۔2018 ےکاعم ااختنابت ےک 15 ےئلانشکیلنشیمک ےن یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف ان اورررٹیگنن ارسف ان یک رقترایںدعہیلےسیک ںیہ اس وصرت احل ںیم ان اعم ااختنابت ںیم آپیک ذہم دارایں ایک ںیہ؟ ایکآپوکےئنااختنیب اقونن ےک تحت اینپ ذہم دارایں اھبنےن ںیم وکیئ لکشم شیپ آ ریہ ےہ؟ 16 )ًالثمیعلضااظتنہیم، وقلحں ےک ررٹیگنن ارسفان، یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف ای درگیےکاسھت راےطب ںیم وکیئ لکشم ( ایکآپےتھجمسںیہہکےئن ااختنیب اقونن ےک انذفالمعل وہےن ےک دعب 17 وصابیئانشکیلرنشمکاور رلنجی انشکیل رنشمک ےک اسھت آپ ےک رواطب ںیم ☐ رتہبی آیئ ☐ الکشمت ڑبیھ رتہبی آیئای الکشمت ڑبیھ ںیہ ؟ رتہبییکوصرت ںیم لیصفت ںیھکل: الکشمتیکوصرت ںیم لیصفت ںیھکل:
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2 یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف)DRO(ےس اعتریف الماقت
اشمدہہ اکر اک انم اشمدہہ یک اترخی علض اک انم
▪ ہیکیچ ٹسل یعلض وکآرڈی نی راےنپ یعلضٹ ررٹیگنن ارسف ےس اعتریفالماقت ےک دعب رُپ رکے اگ۔ ▪ ہیالماقتوجنےک ےلہپ ےتفہ ںیم یک اجےئ یگ۔
▪ اسکیچٹسلیک ولعمامت وک علض وک آرڈی نی ٹر GMISرپ اپ ولڈ رکے اگ۔ دہاایت ▪ ایدرےہہککیچٹسلںیمرفامہیک یئگ امت م ولعمامت لمکماور یلیصفت وہین اچےیہ۔ ▪ رباےئرہمابین ہی کیچ ٹسل مکی وجن ےس 8 ن وجےک درایمن وک FAFENذبرہعی GMISوجھبا دںی ۔ رقمرہ وتقےک دعبکیچ ٹسل رپاپ ولڈGMIS ںیہن وہ ےکس یگ۔
1 یعلضررٹیگنن ارسف ےس الماقت یک اترخی 2 یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف اک انم 3 یعلضررٹیگنن ارسف اک ومابلئ ربمن ایکآپےن ررٹیگنن ارسفوں ےس فلح ایل؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 4 آپےنےنتک ررٹیگنن ارسفوں ےس فلحےنیل یک اترخی فلحےنیل اک اقمم فلح ایل؟ ایکآپےنامتمررٹیگنن ارسفوں ےک اسھت ادتبایئ الماقت ںیم اںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن انشکیلںیمانیکذہم دارویں اور انشکیل الپن ےک ابرے ںیم آاگہ ایک؟ 5 الماقت سک ہگج ےنتک ررٹیگنن ارسفان الماقت یک اترخی وہیئ؟ ےن رشتک یک؟ الماقتےک دیچہ دیچہ اکنت ںیھکل؟ ایکآپےنیعلض ااظتنہیم اور اقونن انذف رکےن واےل اداروں ےک ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن اسھت الماقت یک؟ ربمن الماقت ںیم رشتک رکےن دہعے الماقت اک اقمم الماقت یک اترخی 6 امشر واولں ےک انم
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الماقتےک دیچہ دیچہ اکنت ںیھکل؟ ایکوصابیئرنشمک،یعلضانشکیل رنشمک، رلنجی انشکیل رنشمک اور انشکیل 7 نشیمکآفاپاتسکن )رکیسرٹیٹی( یک اجبن ےس ےنلم وایل اکشایت اک وکیئ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن واحض رطہقی اکر وموجد ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن • ☐ ااختنیب لمع ےک فلتخم رمالح ےک ےئل رضوری• ☐ رساکری اگڑایں ایکیعلضااظتنہیم آپ وک دنمرہج ذلی وہسایلتںیمےس وکن وکن یس 8 ااسنین واسلئ رفامہ رک ریہ ےہ؟ • ☐ وپگنل اونشیٹسں ےک • ☐ یلیٹ وفن یک وہستل ایقم ےک ےئل رساکری امعرںیت ☐ وپگنلےلمعیکانیعتیتےک ےئل رساکری ارسفان یک رہفںیتس • ☐ ااختنابت ےک ےئل سی ک و ن ریٹ الپن ایکاقوننانذف رکےن واےل اداروں یک رطف ےس آپ وک دنمرہج ذلی• ☐ اسحسااختنیبومادوک اکی ہگج ےس دورسی ہگج لقتنم رکےن 9 ںیم ےس وکن وکن یس اعموتنرفامہ یک یئگ؟ ےکےئلوفحمظ لقن و لمح اک الپن ☐ اگنہیموصرتاحل ےس ےنٹمن اک الپن 10 ایک آپ ےن یعلض سی ک وریٹ ن یٹیمک یک لیکشت دے دی؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن آپ ےنیعلض سی ک وریٹ ن یٹیمک بک لیکشت دی ؟ یٹیمک ےکربمم اک انم یٹیمک ےکربمم اک دہعہ
11 یعلض سی ک وریٹیٹیمکےک ن ربممان وکن ںیہ؟ انماور دہعے ںیھکل۔
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☐ روزاہن ☐ ہتفہ وار ☐ ہنیہم وار 12 یعلض سی ک وریٹیٹیمک ن یک الماقت بک بکوہ یگ؟ ☐ درگی)لیصفت ںیھکل) ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ایکآپ یک رطف ےس دنمرہج ذلیںیم ےس نکزیچوں ےک ابرے ںیم ☐ ی ل اکشایت دالخ 13 ایسیسامجوتعںاورانشکیل ںیم ہصح ےنیل واےل ادیمواروں وک آاگہ رک دای ☐ اضہطب االخق خصو ص رکواےن اور اس وک اٹمنےن اک ایگ ےہ؟ ایک رکان ےہ اور ایک ںیہن رکان رطہقی اکر آپےناضہطب االخق اور اکشایت وک درج رکواےن اور اٹمنےن ےک ☐ الماقت ےک ☐ درگی )لیصفت 14 رطہقیاکرےکابرےںیم ایسیس امجوتعں اور انشکیل ںیم ہصح ےنیل واےل ☐ طخےک ذرےعی ذرےعی ںیھکل( ادیمواروں وک ےسیک آاگہ ایک؟ الماقت یک اترخی الماقت اک اقمم ربمن الماقت ےک رشک ےک انم الماقت ےک رشک ےک دہعے امشر
ررٹیگننارسفیکاجبنےس وپگنل اونشیٹسں یک ادتبایئ رہفتس وموصل 15 وہےن یک اترخی ایکآپوکوصابیئانشکیل رنشمک یک رطف ےس انشکیل ےک ارخااجت ےک 16 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ےئلڈنف لم ایگ ےہ؟ آپوکوصابیئ انشکیل رنشمک یک رطف ےس انشکیلےک ارخااجت ےل ےئل 17 انتک ڈنف الم ےہ؟ آپےنوصابیئانشکیل رنشمک یک رطف ےس انشکیل ےک ارخااجت ےل ےئل 18 ےنلمواےلڈنف ےس انتک رخچ رک ےکچںیہ؟
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ااختنابت اک این اقونن 2017 ااختنیبےلمعوک زمدی اباایتخر اور اجمز انبات ےہ۔
19 آپےکایخلںیماسےس ااختنابت ےک ایعمر ںیم ےسیک رتہبی آےئ
یگ؟ آپوکےئن ااختنابت ےک اقونن 2017ےکتحت،اےنپ اایتخر وک اامعتسل 20 رکےنںیمیسک لکشم اک اسانم ےہ؟
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3 ررٹیگنن ارسف)RO(ےس اعتریف الماقت
اشمدہہ اکر اک انم اشمدہہ یک اترخی ہقلحاک ربمن اور انم
▪ ہیکیچ ٹسل ہقلح وکآرڈی نی راےنپہقلعتمےقلحےکٹررٹیگنن ارسف ےس اعتریف الماق ت ےک دعب رُپ رکے اگ۔ ▪ ہیالماقتوجنےک ےلہپ ےتفہ ںیم یک اجےئ یگ۔
▪ اسکیچٹسلیک ولعمامت وکہقلح وک آرڈی نی ٹر GMISرپ اپ ولڈ رکے اگ۔ دہاایت ▪ ایدرےہہککیچٹسلںیمرفامہیک یئگ امت م ولعمامت لمکماور یلیصفت وہین اچےیہ۔ ▪ رباےئ رہمابین ہی کیچ ٹسل6وجن ےس وجن 12 ےک درایمن وک FAFENذبرہعی وجھبا GMISدںی ۔ رقمرہ وتق ےکدعب کیچ ٹسل GMISرپاپ ولڈ ںیہن وہ ےکس یگ۔
1 الماقت یک اترخی
2 ایکیعلضررٹیگنن ارسف ےن آپ ےس فلح ایل؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن
3 فلح ااھٹےن یک اترخی ایکآپےنےقلحںیم انشکیل یک ا ع ےک ےئل وعایم ونسٹ اشعئ ای 4 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن اپسچں ایک؟
5 وعایمونسٹ اشعئ ای اپسچں رکےن یک اترخی ایکیعلض انشکیل رنشمک/ ایسنجیانشکیل رنشمک یک اجبن ےس آپ وک وورٹوں 6 یکاصتوریوایلااختنیب رہفوتسں اور اصتوری ےک ریغب ااختنیب رہفوتسں یک دو ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن اکایپں وموصل وہیئ ںیہ؟ ایکیعلض انشکیل رنشمک/ ایسنجیانشکیل رنشمک یک اجبن ےس آپ وک وجمزہ 7 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن وپگنلانشیٹسیک رہفتس وموصل وہںیئ؟ ررٹیگننارسفوکیعلضانشکیل رنشمک یک اجبن ےس وجمزہ وپگنل انشیٹس یک 8 رہفتس وموصل وہےن یک اترخی
9 ایکآپےناےنپےقلحےک امتم وپگنل اونشیٹسں یک وخد دصتقی یک؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن
ارگںیہن،وتےنتکوپگنل اونشیٹسں یک دصتقی ںیہن یک اج یکس؟
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ایکررٹیگننارسفےنادتبایئ وپگنل اونشیٹسں یک رہفتس اےنپ درتف ےک ابرہاگلیئاتہکوکیئوورٹ اےنپ وپگنل انشیٹس رپ ارتعاض دالخ رک ےکس؟ 10 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن )ہیوسالررٹیگنن ارسف ےس تم وپںیھچ ہکلب رباہراتسِ اشمدہہ رکںی۔( ادتبایئوپگنل اونشیٹسں یک رہفتس ررٹیگنن ارسف ےک درتف ےک ابرہ 11 اگلےئ اجےن یک اترخی ایکررٹیگننارسفیکاجبنےس اگلےئ ونسٹ ںیم واحض اھکل ےہ ہک ےقلح 12 ےک وورٹ 21 دنکتاےنپ ارتعااضت ای اجتوزی عمج رکوا ےتکس ںیہ؟ )ہی ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن وسالررٹیگنن ارسف ےس تم وپںیھچ ہکلب راتس رباہِاشمدہہ رکںی۔( ایکررٹیگننارسفیکاجبنےس اگلےئ ونسٹ ںیم واحض اھکل ےہ ہک ےقلح ےکوورٹاےنپارتعااضتای اجتوزی یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف وک عمج رکوا ےتکس 13 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ںیہ؟ )ہیوسالررٹیگننارسف ےس تم وپںیھچ ہکلب رباہراتسِ اشمدہہ رکںی۔( ایکآپےتھجمس ںیہ ہک انشکیل اک ایناقوننآپوک اانت اباایتخر اور اجمز انبات
14 ےہہکآپاےنپےقلحںیم انشکیل اک ااقعند آزاداہن، افصنمہن اور افشف
ادناز ںیم رکوا ںیکس؟ ایکآپوکےئنانشکیل اقونن رپ دلمعرآدم رکواےن ےک ےئل اےنپ 15 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن اایتخراتوکاامعتسل رکےن ںیم وکیئ لکشم شیپ آ ریہ ےہ؟
آپوکسکرطح یک الکشمت اک اسانم ےہ؟
16 ایکآپےکدرتفںیمرزٹل ٹنمجنیم مٹسس ااٹسنل رک دای ایگ ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ ویپمکرٹ/ پیل اٹپ ہعمب ☐ ارٹنٹین ڈویاسئ ایکآپوکانشکیلنشیمکیک اجبن ےس دنمرہج ذلی زیچںی لم یئگ ںیہ؟ ہقلعتم اسامن )اچررج وریغہ( 17 ☐ رپگنٹن، وفوٹاکیپ اور گننیکس ☐ وی اسی یب نیشم
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☐ دوڈاٹیارٹنیآرپرٹی )ہی ررٹیگنن ارسف ےک اٹسف ےس ےیل اجںیئ ےگ۔( ایکانشکیلنشیمکیکاجبن ےس آپ ےک اٹسف وک ڈاٹی ارٹنی یک رتتیب 18 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن رفامہ یک یئگ ےہ؟
رزٹلٹنمجنیممٹسسآپےک اکم وک رتہب انبےن ںیم ایک رکدار ادا رک راہ 19 ےہ؟
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4 وپگنلانشیٹسرپ دالخ ےئک ےئگ ارتعااضت اک اجزئہ
اشمدہہ اکر اک انم اشمدہہ یک اترخی ہقلحاک ربمن اور انم
▪ بج ےکدرتفںیموپگنلاونشیٹسں رپDRO ارتعااضت یک امستع وہ ریہ وہ یگ ان دونں یعلض وک آرڈی نی ٹر DROےکدرتفںیماےسیوورٹوں ےس ارٹنووی رکے اگ نجےک ارتعااضت یک امستع وہیکچ وہ ۔
▪ یعلض وکآرڈی نی روپگنلونشیٹسںرپارتعااضتٹدالخ رکےن واےل مک ز مک اپچن)اہجں وپگنل ںونشیٹس رپ ارتعااضتدالخرکےنواےل وورٹوں یک دعتد اپچن ےس مک وہ واہں امتم وورٹوں ےس الماقت یک اجےئ یگ( وورٹوںےسالماقت رک ےک دنمرہج ذلی کیچ ٹسل رُپرکے اگ۔ دہاایت ▪ ہیالماقتوجنےکدورسے ےتفہ ےس رشوع وہ یگ اوروجن ےک رسیتے ےتفہ کت اجری رےہ یگ۔
▪ اسکیچٹسل یک ولعمامت وکیعلض وک آرڈی نی ر ٹروزاہن یک اینبد رپ GMISرپاپ ولڈ رکے اگ اور افنف وک وجھباےئ اگ۔ ▪ ایدرےہہککیچٹسلںیمرفامہیک یئگ امت م ولعمامت لمکماور یلیصفت وہین اچےیہ۔ ▪ رباےئ رہمابین ہی کیچ ٹسل 11 وجن ےس وجن 25 ےک درایمن وک FAFENذبرہعی GMISوجھبا دںی ۔ رقمرہ وتق دعب ےککیچ ٹسل GMISرپاپ ولڈ ںیہن وہ ےکس یگ۔
1 الماقت یک اترخی 2 ارتعاض رکےن واےل اک انم 3 ارتعاضرکےن واےل اک ومابلئ ربمن 4 آپےنےنتکوپگنل اونشیٹسں رپ ارتعااضت عمج رکواےئ ںیہ؟ وورٹوںیکرطفےسوپگنل اونشیٹسں رپ ارتعااضت عمج رکواےن یک لیصفت انوپگنل اونشیٹسں ےک ربمناتبںیئنج رپ ارتعااضت عمج ارتعاض یک ووجاہت رکواےئ ےئگ
5
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آپےن ارتعااضت سک رطےقی ےس عمج رکاےئ؟ زابین الکیم اھکلیئ یک وصرت ںیم درگی 6 درگییک لیصفت ںیھکل: 7 ایکآپےک ارتعااضت رپ ونشایئ وہیئ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 8 آپےکےنتک ارتعااضت رپ ونشایئ وہیئ؟ )دعتاد ںیھکل( یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف ےک ررٹیگنن ارسف ےک 9 آپےک ارتعااضت رپ ونشایئ سک ہگج وہیئ؟ ☐ درگی درتف☐ درتف☐ درگییک لیصفت ںیھکل۔ 10 آپےک ارتعااضت رپ ونشایئ سک ےن یک؟ ☐ یعلض ررٹیگنن ☐ ررٹیگنن ارسف ☐ درگی درگییک لیصفت ںیھکل۔ 11 آپےکارتعااضت رپ ایک ہلصیف ایک ایگ؟ 12 آپےکارتعااضترپ وہےن واےل ےلصیف ےس آپ وک ےسیک آاگہ ایک ایگ؟ ایکآپاےنپ ارتعااضت رپ وہےن واےل ونشایئ ےک لمع رپ نئمطم 13 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ںیہ؟ 14 ایکآپ اےنپ ارتعااضت رپ وہےن واےل ےلصیف ےسنئمطم ںیہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 15 ارگںیہنوتآپےک ریغ نئمطم وہےن یک ایک ووجاہت ںیہ؟
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5 اکذغات انزمدیگ ےک لمع اک اشمدہہ
اشمدہہ اکر اک انم اشمدہہ یک اترخی ہقلحاک ربمن اور انم
▪ ہقلح وکآرڈی نی رٹ ِ انزمدیگاکلمعرشوعوہےت اکذغاتیہ اےنپ ہقلح ےک ررٹیگنن ارسف ےک درتف ںیم اُدیمواروں ےک ِ انزمدیگیک اکذغاتاجچن ڑپاتل اک اشمدہہ رکے اگ ۔
▪ ہقلح وکآرڈی نی رروزاہنٹ یک اینبد ِ انزمدیگیک رپ)اکذغاتاجچن ڑپاتل ےک لمع ےک رشوع ِنےس درکیل آرخی ِند کت ( ررٹیگننارسفےک درتف ںیم وہ ےن واےل امتماُدیمواروں ےک ِ انزمدیگیکاجچن اکذغاتڑپاتل ےک لمع اک اشمدہہ رکے اگ۔ ▪ ہیکیچ ٹسل رہ اُدیموار ےک ِ اکذغاتانزمدیگیکاجچنڑپاتلےک ےیل دحیلعہ رُپ یک اجےئ یگ۔ ▪ رباےئ رہم ابیناُدیماروں ےک ِ انزمدیگےکاشمدہہ اکذغاتیک کیچ ںیٹسل روزاہن یک اینبد رپ GMISرپ اپ ولڈ رکںی اور دہاایت وک FAFENوجھباںیئ۔ اس رطح ِ انزمدیگ اکذغاتےک اشمدہے ےک آرخی ِنآپےک داپس دنچ کیچ ںیٹسل GMIS رپ اپ ولڈ رکان ابیق وہیگن۔ ▪ ایدرےہہککیچٹسلںیمرفامہیک یئگ امت م ولعمامت لمکماور یلیصفت وہین اچےیہ۔ ▪ رباےئرہمابیندنمرہجابالدہاایترپ نم و نع لمع رکںی ات ہک آپ یک رطف ےس وجھبایئ یئگ ولعمامت وک FAFEN اینپ روپرٹ اک ہصح انب ےکس ۔ ▪ اہد رےہ ِ اکذغاتانزمدیگ یک چنڑپاتلےکلمع اجےک اشمدہہ یک کیچ وٹسلں وک GMISرپاپ ولڈ رکےن یک آرخی اترخی وجن ےہ۔رقمرہ17 وتق ےک دعب کیچٹسل GMISرپاپ ولڈ ںیہن وہ ےکس یگ۔
1 اشمدہے یک اترخی ایکررٹیگننارسفےکدرتف ںیم اکذغات انزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل اک ڈیشول 2 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن اگل وہا ےہ؟ ایکررٹیگننارسف ےن انزمد ادیمواروں یک ٹسل )افرم-31( وک اےنپ 3 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن درتفںیمیسک واحض اقمم رپ اپسچں ایک وہا ےہ؟ 4 انزمد ادیمواروں یک ٹسل )افرم-31(اپسچں رکےن یک اترخی 5 ایکآپوکاکذغات انزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل ےک اشمدہہ یک ااجزت یلم؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 6 ارگ ںیہن وت سک ےن رواک؟ ☐ ررٹیگنن ارسف ☐ سی ک و ن ریٹ اٹسف ☐ درگی درگییک لیصفت ںیھکل: آپوکاکذغاتانزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل ےک اشمدہہ ےس روےنک یک ایک وہج 7 اتبیئ یئگ؟ 8 ایکآپےک العوہ یھب یسک وکرواک ایگ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن
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انم : وایگتسب:
9 ارگاہں وت سک وکرواک ایگ؟ انم اور وایگتسبںیھکل )ارگ ولعمم وہ(
10 اکذغاتانزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل ےک اشمدہہ یک اترخی 11 ادیمواراکانمسجےک اکذغات انزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل اک اشمدہہ ایک ایگ انم : ☐ ایسیس امجتع 12 ادیموار یک ایسیس وایگتسب ☐ آزاد ادیموار
ادیموار اک ووٹسکااختنیب العےق ںیم درج ےہ )ہی ؟ولعمامت ادیموار یک 13 رطفےسعمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی ( ادیمواراک وقیم انشیتخ اکرڈ ربمن)ہیولعمامت ادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ - - 14 ِاکذغات انزمدیگ ےک افرم ایفلحانےم ےس رپ رکںی ( ادیموار یک میلعت)ہیولعمامتادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ 15 رکںی ( ادیموار اک )ہیولعمامت ہشیپادیموار یک رطف ےسعمجرکواےئےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ 16 رکںی ( ادیموار اک اپوپسرٹ ربمن)ہیولعمامت ادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح 17 اپاتسکین اپوپسرٹ ربمن: ریغیکلم اپوپسرٹ ربمن: انےم ےس رپ رکںی ( ادیمواراک وقیم سکیٹ ربمن (NTN))ہیولعمامت ادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج 18 رکواےئےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی ( آدمین ےک لک ادا ایک ایگ لک آدمین سکیٹ اک اسل ذراعئ امکن سکیٹ ادیمواریکاجبن ےس ادا ایک اجےن واال امکن سکیٹ)ہی ولعمامت ادیموار یک رطف 19 ےسعمجرکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی (
لک ادا ایک ایگ سکیٹ اک اسل یتیکلم رہبق زریع آدمین زریع امکن سکیٹ ادیمواریکاجبن ےس زریع آدمین رپ ادا ایک اجےن واال سکیٹ 20 )ہیولعمامتادیمواریک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی(
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ادیمواریکاجبنےس اینپ ایسیس امجتع ) سج امجتع یک رطف ےس ئ ادیمواروکانشکیلںیم ہصح ےنیل ےک ےئل ٹکٹ اجری ایک ایگ ےہ (وک دی 21 اجےن وایل لک رمق)ہیولعمامتادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی ( ایسیس)سجامجتع یک رطف ےس ادیموا روک انشکیل ںیم ہصح ےنیلےکےئلٹکٹاجری ایک ایگ ےہ (یک اجبن ےس ادیموار وک وموصل 22 وہےن وایل لک رمق)ہیولعمامتادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی( ادیموار ےک وموجدہ امیل اسل30وجن کت ےک لک ااثہث اجت 23 )ہیولعمامتادیمواریک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی( ادیموار ےک ےلھچپ امیل اسل 30وجنکت ےک لک ااثہث اجت 24 )ہیولعمامتادیمواریک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی( دقمےماک ربمن اور ونعان دعاتل اک انم
ادیمواررپ وفدجاری دقمامت یک لیصفت: 25 )ہی ولعمامتادیمواریکرطفےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی(
ادیموار اک ومابلئ ربمن)ہیولعمامت ادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ ِاکذغات 26 انزمدیگےک افرم ای فلح انےم ےس رپ رکںی( ادیموار اک ای لیم )ہیولعمامت اڈیرسیادیموار یک رطف ےس عمج رکواےئ ےئگ 27 ِاکذغاتانزمدیگ ےک افرم ےس رپ رکںی( ☐ادیموار )ذبات وجتزی ☐دننکہ ☐اتدیئ دننکہ وخد( ☐اکی ااسی صخش ☐وورٹ سج ےن ررٹیگننارسفانولوگں یک وموجدیگ ںیم اکذغات انزمدیگ یک اجچن 28 سج وکادیموار یک اکذغات انزمدیگ رپ ڑپاتل رک راہ ےہ؟ انشکیل ☐اٹنجی رطف ےس انزمد ایک ارتعاض عمج رکواای ایگ وہ وہ
29 ایکررٹیگننارسفےنوجتزی دننکہ ای اتدیئ دننکہ ےک وکافئ کیچ ےئک؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 30 ایکررٹیگننارسف ےن وجتزی دننکہ ای اتدیئدننکہرپوکیئ ارتعاض ااھٹای؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ارگاہں،وتوہ ارتعاض ایک اھت )لیصفت ںیھکل(
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ررٹیگنن ارسف یکاجبنےس ااھٹےئ اجےن واےل ارتعااضت ای ایک ررٹیگنن ارسف یک اجبن ےس ادیموار ےک اکذغات انزمدیگ ای فلح وساالت: انےمرپ وکیئ وسال ای ارتعاض ااھٹای ایگ ؟ )ًالثموجتزیدننکہایاتدیئ دننکہ ےک وکافئ ےک ابرے ںیم ررٹیگنن ارسف ےکوساالتای ارتعااضت، فلح انےم ںیم درج امکن سکیٹ ای زریع آدمین 31 رپاداےئکےئگسکیٹ ےک ابرے ںیم ررٹیگنن ارسف ےک وساالت ای ارتعااضت ( ونٹ: زمدیالیصفتت ےک ےئلفلح انےم اور ِ اکذغاتانزمدیگ ےک افرم اک اطمہعل رکںی ۔
ایک ِ انزمدیگیک اجچناکذغات ڑپاتل ےک دوران ادیموار ےس ااسی وکیئ 32 وسالایکایگوج اقلب ارتعاض وہاور سج اک اکذغات انزمدیگ ںیم امےگن ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ےئگوکافئاور ولعمامت ےس وکیئ قلعت ہن وہ؟ ارگاہں، وت وہ وساالت اہیں درج رکںی۔ ایکررٹیگننارسف ےن رمکے ںیم وموجد وورٹوں ےس ِ اکذغات انزمدیگ 33 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن رپیسکاک وکیئ ارتعاض انس؟ ایکررٹیگننارسفےن ارتعاض ااھٹےن واےل وورٹ ےک وکافئ کیچ ےیک 34 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن )ارتعاضااھٹےنواےل اکایس ےقلح ےس وطبر ررٹسجڈ وورٹ وہان الزیم ےہ( 35 وورٹےن ایک ارتعاض ااھٹای؟ 36 وورٹےکارتعاض رپ ایک ہلصیف ایک ایگ؟ ایکررٹیگننارسفےن اکذغات انزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل ےک ےیل درگی 37 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن اداروں ےس دمد یل؟ 38 ایک ررٹیگنن ارسف ےن ِ انزمدیگاکذغات وبقل رکےیل؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ارگںیہن وت ایک ِ انزمدیگ رتسمداکذغات رکےنیک ووجاہت درج یک یئگ
ںیہ؟ 39 ِ انزمدیگرتسمدرکےن اکذغاتیک ایک ووجاہت ایبن یک یئگ ںیہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ایکادیمواروکاکذغات انزمدیگ یک دصتقی دشہ لقن اور اںیہن رتسمد ےیک 40 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن اجےنیک ووجاہت رفامہ یک یئگ ںیہ؟
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رباےئرہمابیناکذغات انزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل ےکلمع ےک ابرے ںیم اےنپ اشمدہات ایبن رکںی۔ 41 اثمںیل:( ررٹیگننارسفاک ادیمواروں ےک اسھت روہی، ادیمواروں اک ررٹیگننارسفےکاسھت روہی اجچن ڑپاتل ےک لمع اک ومعیم اموحل( ایک ررٹیگنن ارسف ےناکذغاتانزمدیگ یک اجچن ڑپاتل ےک ےلسلس ںیم از 42 وخدوکیئ رمسی اوکنارئی رکایئ ےہ؟
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6 ااختنیب مہم اک اشمدہہ
اشمدہہ اکر اک انم اشمدہہ یک اترخی ہقلحاک ربمن اور انم
▪ ہیاشمدہہرہےقلحںیمافنفےکاتبےئےئگ مک از مک اچپس وپگنل اریای ںیم یک اجےئ یگ۔ اس ابت اک ایخل راھک اجےئ ہک اکی دن ںیم دو ااختنیب العےقاک اشمدہہ ایک اجےئ۔راضمنےکےنیہمںیم دنمرہج ذلی رسرگویمں وک اس رطح الپن رکںی ہک 30وجن کت FAFENیک رطف ےس اتبےئےئگوپگنلاریای ےس آپ ااختنابت ےک ِنےک اشمدہہد اکروں یک رپوافگنلئ لمکمرکںیکس۔اسابتاکایخلرےہہک رصف رپوافلئ ےئک وہےئ اشمدہہ اکروں وک یہ ااختنابت ےک دن اشمدہہ اکری ےک ےئلانیعتت ایک اجےئ اگ۔ رہوپگنلاریایںیم اشمدہہ اکر دنمرہج ذلی رسرگایمں رکے اگ۔
▪ علض وک آرڈی ن یٹر FAFENیکرطف ےس اتبےئ ےئگرہ اوٹکیل ل رروزاہن مک از مک نیت رہشویں ومشبلاکی اخوتن اک ارٹنووی رکے اگ۔ ▪ العےقوپگنلاریایےکہقحلمالعوقںںیم ااختنیب مہم ےک ےلسلس ںیم اگلےئ ےئگ ااہتشری وماد اک اشمدہہ رکے اگ ۔ دہاایت ▪ وپگنلاریایےکہقحلمالعوقںںیموپگنل انشیٹس یک امعرت ںیم وموجد ذہم دار ااکلہر)ًالثموکسلاک رپلپسن ، ااتسد ای وکیئ درگیاٹسف(ےس ارٹنووی رکے اگ۔ ▪ انرسرگویمںاکاشمدہہ رکےت وتق آپ وک ان العوقں ےس انشکیل ےک دن ےک اشمدہہ اکر اکااختنب یھب رکان ےہ۔)اید رےہ انشکیل ےک ِنےکاشمدہہ داکروں یک رپوافگنلئ یک آرخی اترخی 30وجن ء2018 ےہ( ۔
ی ی لی کن ▪ انرسرگویمںےک اشمدہے یک روپرگنٹ ذبرہعی ومابلئ ا سن (Mobile Application)یکاجےئ یگ اہتبل ہی کیچ ںیٹسل رپیھب GMISدایتسب ںیہ۔ ▪ ان رسرگویمں اک اشمدہہوجن ےک ےلہپ ےتفہ )مکی وجن (ےسرشوعوہاگ اور وجالیئ ےک رسیتے ےتفہ ) 22 وجالیئ ( کت اجری رےہ اگ ۔ ▪ انرسرگویمںےکاشمدہے ےک روپرگنٹ روزاہن یک اینبد رپ یک اجےئ یگ ۔
نشکیس ربمن 1:ااختنیب العےق ںیم وورٹوں ےس الماقت 1 وورٹ اک انم 2 وورٹ اکانشیتخ اکرڈ ربمن 3 وورٹاک ومابلئ ربمن 4 ےقلح اک انم 5 ااختنیب العےقاک انم
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ایکآپےناسانشکیل یک ااختنیب مہم ےک دوران اےنپ العےق ںیم 6 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن یسکادیموارےک ےسلج ای ریلی ںیم رشتک یک؟ 7 ایکادیموارےسلجایریلی ںیم الؤڈ رکیپس اامعتسل رک راہ اھت؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ایکآپےک العےق یک ابعدت اگوہں)دجسم، دمرہس ،دنمر، رگاج رھگ، رگودوارہ ، اامم ،ابراگہ درابر وریغہ(ںیم ادیموار ای یسک اپریٹ یک ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 8 رطفےسانشکیلیک وکیئ رسرگیم دقعنم یک یئگ ؟ ارگ اہں، وت ہیرسرگیمسک ےن دقعنم رکوایئ؟ ☐ ادیموار ☐ ایسیس امجتع 9 ادیمواریک وصرت ںیم اس اک انم ںیھکل۔ 10 ایکآپےندصتقی یک ےہ ہک آپ اک وطبر وورٹادنراج وہ اکچ ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ایکآپاکوپگنلانشیٹس دیپل افےلص رپ انبای ایگ ےہ؟ )آپ ےک رھگ 11 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ ولعمم ںیہن ےساکی ولک رٹیم ےکادنر ادنر( ایکآپےکالعےقںیم انبےئ ےئگ وپگنل اونشیٹسں اک افہلص 12 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ ولعمم ںیہن وخانیت وورٹوں ےک ےئل ومزوں ےہ؟ ےلھچپاکیےنیہمےک دوران، ایک آپ ےک ےلحم، اگؤں، وگھٹ، ےلک ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ☐ ولعمم ںیہن وریغہںیموکیئ رتایقیت اکم رشوع ایک ایگ؟ رتایقیت میکس اک انم
ہگج اک انم 13 ☐ ادیموار ☐ اقمیموکحتم اک دہعےدار اکم وکن رکوا راہ ےہ؟ ☐ ☐ رساکری ارسف درگی:______
درگییک لیصفت ںیھکل۔
ایکآپےکالعےق ںیم وورٹوں وکیسک اخص ادیموار یک امحتی 14 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن رکےنےکےئل داکمھای ای وبجمر ایک اج راہ ےہ؟ ایکآپےکالعےقںیم وورٹوں وکیسک اخص ادیموار یک اخمتفل 15 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن رکےنےکےئل داکمھای ای وبجمر ایک اج راہ ےہ؟ ایکآپےکالعےقںیم ادیمواروں ای ایسیس امجوتعں ےک درایمن 16 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن دشتداک وکیئ واہعق شیپ آای؟
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ارگ اہں وت اس یکرصتخملیصفت ںیھکل ایکآپےک العےق یک وخانیت ووٹ ڈایتل ںیہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 17 ارگںیہنوتوخانیت ےک ووٹ ہن ڈاےنل یک ایکووجاہت ںیہ؟ ایکآپےکالعےق ںیم یسک ادیموار یک رطف ےس وورٹوں وک اینپ رطفرابغ رکےن ےک ےئل وکیئ اایشء ( دقن رمق ،اپین اک اکلن، ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ومرٹاسلکیئ، اسلکیئ، السیئ نیشم ای اھکان وریغہ(میسقت یک ںیئگ؟ 18 ارگ اہں ،وت اایشء دےنی واےل/ واولںےکانم ایسیس وایگتسب وکنیس اایشء دی ںیئگ؟لیصفت ںیھکل
نشکیس ربمن 2: ااختنیب العےقںیماضہطب االخق اک اشمدہہ ےقلح اک انم ااختنیب العےقاک انم ااہتشر یک مسق ےگلوہےئ ںیہ ای ںیہن رشلبپاک انم درج ےہای ںیہن ااہتشر اک اسزئ ااہتشر سک ےک ےگل ںیہ؟ ادیموار 3x5 ٹف ------وپررٹٹی ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ںیہن ☐اہں 3x5ٹف ےس ڑبا اپریٹ ------ادیموار 2x3ٹف ------وپرٹس ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ںیہن ☐اہں 2x3 ٹف ےس ڑبا اپریٹ ------ادیموار 3x9 ٹف ------رنیب ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ںیہن ☐اہں 3x9 ٹف ےس ڑبا اپریٹ ------9x6 اچن ادیموار ٹلفمپ ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ںیہن ☐اہں 9x6 اچن ےس ڑبا ------
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اپریٹ ------ادیموار ------وال اچگنک ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ںیہن ☐اہں اپریٹ ------ادیموار
فل ------انیپ ی کس ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ںیہن ☐اہں اپریٹ ------ادیموار ------لب وبرڈ ☐ ںیہن ☐ اہں ☐ںیہن ☐اہں اپریٹ ------
ایکآپےنیسکاپریٹاک ڈنھجا یسک رساکری امعرت رپ اگل داھکی؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 2 اپریٹ اک انم ادارے اک انم ایکآپےنیسکاپریٹاک ااہتشری وماد یسک رساکری امعرت رپ اگل داھکی؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 3 اپریٹ اک انم ادارے اک انم
نشکیس ربمن 3: ااختنیب العےقںیماقمئےئکےئگ وپگنل اونشیٹسں اک اجزئہ وکسل اک انم یلگ ایےلحم اک انم ےقلح اک انم ااختنیب العےق اک انم ایکاسوپگنل انشیٹس رپ ررٹیگنن ارسف/ اٹنٹسس ررٹیگنن ارسف آےئ 1 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ےھت؟ 2 ایکوپگنلانشیٹس یسک امعرت ںیم اقمئ ایک ایگ ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن
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ئ ایکوپگنلانشیٹسںیم ایسی ہگج ینب وہیئےہ ہک ولی وپگنل چ انشیٹس 3 ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن ںیم دالخ وہ ےکس؟ 4 ایکوپگنلانشیٹسیکامعرت ںیم ےنیپ ےک اپین یک وہستل وموجد ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 5 ایکوپگنل انشیٹس یک امعرت ںیمرٹیلنی وموجد ںیہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 6 ایکوپگنل انشیٹس یک امعرت یک اچر دویاری ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 7 وپگنلانشیٹسیک امعرت ےنتک زنمہل ےہ؟
نشکیس ربمن 4: ااختنیب العےقےسااختنابتےکدن ےک ےئل اشمدہہ اکروں یک رپوافگنلئ 1 انشیتخ اکرڈ ربمن 2 انشیتخاکرڈ یک اترخی خیسنت 3 اشمدہہاکراک وپرا انم )انشیتخ اکرڈ واال انم ںیھکل( 4 سنج ☐ رمد ☐ وعرت ☐ وخاہج رسا 5 دیپاشئ یک اترخی )انشیتخاکرڈرپ درج اترخی دیپاشئ ںیھکل( ☐ ☐ ☐ 6 اشمدہہ اکر یک یمیلعتاقتیلب ☐ رلچیبز ☐ امرٹسز انوخادنہ رٹیمک ارٹنڈیمٹی اشمدہہ اکر ومابلئاک ربمن1: رتیحیج ربمن 7 اشمدہہ اکر اکومابلئ ربمن2: ابتمدل ربمن ومابلئربمنذایت ےہ ای یسک اور ےک اامعتسل ںیم ےہ 8 اشمدہہ اکر اکای لیم اڈیرسی 9 میظنتاک انم)افنفیک ربمم میظنت اک انم( 10 اشمدہہ اکر یک مسق ☐ ومابلئاشمدہہ اکر ☐ کٹیٹساشمدہہ اکر 11 اشمدہہ اکر لقتسم اکہتپ )انشیتخاکرڈواال لقتسم ہتپ ںیھکل( 12 اشمدہہ اکر اکاعریض ہتپ)انشیتخاکرڈ واال اعریض ہتپ ںیھکل( 13 اشمدہہ اکر ےکعلضاک انم 14 اشمدہہ اکر ےکےقلح اک انم 15 ایکاشمدہہ اکر ےک اپس امسرٹ وفن وموجد ےہ؟ ☐ اہں ☐ ںیہن 16 اشمدہہ اکر ےک اپس امسرٹ وفناک وکن اس امڈل ےہ؟)ًالثم اسم گنس A5) 17 اشمدہہ اکر یک وصتری GMISرپ اولپڈ رکںی۔ 18 انشیتخاکرڈیک رفٹن اسڈیئ یک وصتریGMISرپاولپڈ رکںی۔ 19 انشیتخاکرڈیک کیب اسڈیئ یک وصتری GMISرپ اولپڈ رکںی۔
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7 اُدیمواروں اور ایسیس امجوتعں یک راےئ
اشمدہہ اکر اک انم اشمدہہ یک اترخی علض اک انم ہقلحاک ربمن اور انم
▪ اسکیچٹسلیک اینبدی ولعمامت یعلض وکآرڈی نی روخدٹاےنپ ذراعئ ےس احلص رکے اگ۔ ▪ اسابتاک ایخل رںیھک ہک رصف دیموار اُےک وتق ہن دےنی رپ سےکانشکیل اُاٹنجی ےس الماقت یک اجےئ ۔
▪ یعلض وکآرڈی نی رےقلحںیم ٹااختنابت ںیم ہصح ےنیل واےل دیمواروں)ومشبل وخانیتاُ ، ذعمورا رفاد ،ذمیبہ اوتیلقں ےس قلعت رےنھک واےل دیمواروں(ایان اُےک وپگنل اسٹنجی ےس الماقت رکے اگ ۔ ▪ اسکیچ ٹسل ںیم رہ ایسیس امجتعےکادیموار ےس قلعتم ولعمامترھبیاجںیئ اور اس ےک العوہ ارگ وخانیت ، ارفاد ابمہ ذعموریاوروخاہجرساتیثیحبآزاد ادیموار ارگ وموجد وہں وت ان ےس احلص رکدہ ولعمامت یک روینش ںیم کیچ ٹسل لمکم یک دہاایت اجےئ یگ ۔ ▪ اسکیچٹسل ںیم اہجں اہجں نکمم وہopen Endedوساالتےکانکمم وجاابت ھکل رک لمکم رکںی ۔ ▪ ہیالماقںیت وجن ےک وچےھت ) وجن(ےس 25وجالیئ ےک ےلہپ ےتفہ) وجالیئ( 8کت اجری رںیہ یگ۔
▪ یعلض وکآرڈی نی رروزاہنیکاینبد ٹرپ یک یئگ الماقوتں یک الیصفتت GMISرپ اپ ولڈ رکے اگ اور وک FAFENوجھباےئ اگ۔ ▪ ان کیچ وٹسلں وک GMISرپ اپ ولڈ رکےن یک آرخی اترخی 8وجالیئ 2018ء ےہ ۔ رقمرہوتق ےک دعب کیچ ٹسل GMISرپاپ ولڈ ںیہن وہ ےکس یگ۔
اینبدی ولعمامت 1 ارٹنووی سک ےس ایک ایگ؟ ادیموار ادیموار اک انزمد رکدہ امندنئہ 2 ادیموارےس ارٹنووی ہن رکےن یک وہج 3 ادیموار اک انم 4 ادیموار اک ومابلئ ربمن 5 ایسیسامجتعاکانمسجےک ٹکٹ رپ وہ انشکیل ںیم ہصح ےل راہ ےہ ارگادیموارارٹن ووی ےک ےئل دایتسب ہن وہ وت اس ےک انزمد رکدہ 6 امندنئے اک انم 7 امندنئےاک ومابلئ ربمن 8 الماقت یک اترخی 9 ادیمواریکلقتسم راہشئ اہکں ےہ؟ )ہلحم ، رہش اور علض اک انم( 10 ادیموار اک ایسیس رجتہب 11 ایکاسادیموارےک اپس اقمیم وکحتم اک وکیئ دہعہ اھت/ےہ؟ اہں ںیہن
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12 ادیموارےکاپس اقمیم وکحتم اک وکن اس دہعہ ےہ؟ 13 ایکادیمواراکاکیئ رہتش دار انشکیل ںیم ہصح ےل راہ /ریہ ےہ ؟ ہقلح دنبایں تہب دح کت یسک دح کت ریغ نئمطم تہب زایدہ ریغ آپانشکیلنشیمکیک رطف ےس آپ ےک علض ںیم وہےن وایل احہیل نئمطم 14 ہقلحدنبویںےس سک دح کت نئمطم ںیہ؟ ارگ ریغ نئمطم ںیہ وت ویکں یئنہقلحدنبویںےسآپیک ااختنیب ایستس سک دح کت اتمرث وہیئ 15 ےہ؟ وورٹ ررٹسجنشی/ اوجینشیک ایکآپانشکیلنشیمکیک اجبن ےس وورٹ ررٹسجنشی ےکےلسلس ںیم دی 16 اہں ںیہن /ایہمیکاجےن وایل ولعمامت ےس نئمطمںیہ؟ ایکآپےکایخلںیمیعلض انشکیل رنشمک اک درتف رہشویں وک ااختنابت ےس 17 اہں ںیہن ہقلعتم ولعمامت رفامہ رک راہ ےہ ؟ ایکےتھجمسںیہہک آپ ےک ےقلح ےک ولوگں اک وطبر وورٹادنراج وہ 18 اہں ںیہن اکچ ےہ؟
19 آپےکایخلںیمےنتک ولوگں اک وطبر وورٹ ادنراج ںیہن وہ اکس؟ وپگنل اونشیٹسں اک ایقم آپےقلحےکوورٹز وپگنل اونشیٹسں ےک ایقم ےس سک دح کت 20 نئمطم ںیہ؟ ایک آپ ای آپےکوورٹزیک اجبن ےس وپگنل اونشیٹسں ےک ایقم رپ 21 اہں ںیہن یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف(DRO) وک ارتعااضت درج رکواےئ ےئگ؟ ایکایآپےک وورٹز یک اجبن ےس وپگنل اونشیٹسں ےک ایقم رپ 22 اہں ںیہن اکشایترپ ونشایئ وہیئ؟ ایکآپ ای آپ ےک وورٹز یک اجبن ےس وپگنل اونشیٹسں ےک ایقم رپ 23 اہں ںیہن اکشایترپوہےن واےل ےلصیف ےس آپ نئمطمںیہ ؟
24 ارگںیہنوت لیصفت ںیھکل۔
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ایک آپ ےناےنپےقلحےکوپگنل اونشیٹسں یک یمتح رہفتسےک 25 اہں ںیہن وصحلےک ےئل دروخاتس یک؟ ارگ اہں وت ایک آپ یک دروخاتس رپ آپ وکےقلحےک وپگنل اونشیٹسں 26 اہں ںیہن یک یمتح رہفتس رفامہ یک یئگ؟ ایک آپ ےن اےنپےقلحےکوورٹوں یک اشعئ رکدہ ااختنیب رہفتسےک 27 اہں ںیہن وصحلےک ےئل دروخاتس یک ےہ؟ ارگ اہں وتایکآپوکاےنپ ےقلح ےک وورٹوں یک اشعئ رکدہ ااختنیب 28 اہں ںیہن رہفتسرفامہ یک یئگ؟ ایکآپےناےنپ ےقلح ےک وورٹوں یک اصتوری وایل وورٹ ٹسل یک 29 اہں ںیہن USBےکوصحل ےک ےئل دروخاتس یک؟ ارگ اہں وتایکآپوک وورٹوں یک اصتوری وایلوورٹ ٹسل یک USB رفامہ 30 اہں ںیہن یک یئگ؟
31 ارگںیہنوت ااکنر یک ایک وہج اتبیئ یئگ ایکآپوکاےنپےقلحےس انشکیل ںیم ہصح ےنیل واےل یمتح ادیمواروں 32 اہں ںیہن یک رہفتس)افرم- 33( یلم ےہ؟ ایکآپےکایخل ںیم انشکیل نشیمک آف اپاتسکن/ وصابیئ انشکیل رنشمک 33 / یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف / ررٹیگننارسف ااختنیب اکشایت رپ اقونن ےک اہں ںیہن اطمقب رضوری اکروایئ رک راہ ےہ؟ انشکیلنشیمکےک یعلض ےلمع اک رکدار ایکآپےتھجمسںیہہکانشکیل نشیمک آف اپاتسکن اکیعلض حطس اک
34 ہلمع)یعلض انشکیلرنشمک(ریغ اجدبناری، رباربی، افصنمہن اور افشف ادنازںیم اانپ اقونین رکدار ادا رکراہ ےہ؟ ایکآپےتھجمسںیہہکانشکیل نشیمک یک امرٹینگن ںیمیٹ ریغ اجدبناری، 35 رباربی،افصنمہناور افشف ادناز ںیماانپ اقونین رکدار ادا رکریہ ںیہ ؟ آپ انشکیل نشیمک یک امرٹینگنومیٹں یک اکررکدیگ ےس سک دح کت 36 نئمطم ںیہ ؟
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آپےکایخلںیمانشکیل نشیمک یک امرٹینگن ومیٹں ےک اکم یک وکیئ 37 اافدتی ےہ؟ یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف)DRO) ایکآپےتھجمسںیہ ہک یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف )DRO( ریغ اجدبناری، 38 رباربی، افصنمہن اور افشفادناز ںیماانپ اقونین رکدار ادا رکراہ ےہ؟ ایکآپیک یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف )DRO(ےس انشکیل ےک اضہطب االخق 39 اورانشکیلےکقلعتم اکشایت درج رکےن ےک رطہقی اکر ےک ابرے اہں ںیہن ںیم الماقت وہیئ ےہ؟ یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف ) (DRO ےسالماقت ےسیک یک یئگ؟ یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف )DRO( یک 40 آپیک دروخاتس رپ یک یئگ؟ دوعت رپ یک یئگ؟
41 الماقت یک اترخی )ارگ اید وہ(
42 الماقت اک لک وتق )ارگ اید وہ(
ایکآپیکاجبنےس انشکیل ےس قلعتم یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف 43 اہں ںیہن )DRO(وک اکشایت درج رکوایئ ںیئگ؟
44 ایکآپیک اکشایت رپ ونشایئ وہیئ؟ اہں ںیہن تہب دح کت یسک دح کت ریغ نئمطم تہب زایدہ ریغ آپیعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف )DRO(یک اجبن ےس آپ یک اکشایت رپ نئمطم 45 ےیکےئگولصیفں ےس سک دح کت نئمطم ںیہ ؟ ارگ ریغ نئمطم ںیہ وت ویکں ررٹیگنن ارسف)RO) ایکآپےتھجمس ںیہ ہک ررٹیگنن ارسف )RO( ریغ اجدبناری، رباربی، 46 افصنمہناورافشف ادناز ںیم اانپ اقونین رکدار ادا رکراہ ےہ؟ ایکآپیکاجبنےس انشکیل ےس قلعتم ررٹیگنن ارسف )RO( وک 47 اہں ںیہن اکشایت درج رکوایئ ںیئگ؟
48 ایکآپیک اکشایت رپ ونشایئ وہیئ؟ اہں ںیہن تہب دح کت یسک دح کت ریغ نئمطم تہب زایدہ ریغ 49 نئمطم
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آپ ررٹیگنن ارسف )RO(یکاجبن ےس آپ یکاکشایت رپ ےیک ےئگ ارگ ریغ نئمطم ولصیفںےسسک دح کت نئمطم ںیہ ؟ ںیہ وت ویکں اکذغات انزمدیگ اک لمع ارگ ادیموار یک اجبےئ اساکامندنئہارٹنووی داتی ےہ وت درج ذلی وسال رکےن یک رضورت ںیہن ایکآپوکررٹیگنن ارسف ےک درتف ےس اکذغات انزمدیگ احلص رکےن 50 اہں ںیہن ںیموکیئ لکشم شیپ آیئ؟
51 ارگاہںوتایک لکشم شیپ آیئ
52 آپےکایخلںیم اکذغات انزمدیگ عمجرکواےن اک رطہقی آاسن اھت؟ اہں ںیہن ارگ ںیہن وت آپوکاکذغات انزمدیگ عمج رکواےت وتق نکالکشمت اک 53 اسانم رکان ڑپا؟ ایکررٹیگننارسفےن اکذغات انزمدیگ ووصل رکےن ےک دعب آپ وک 54 اہں ںیہن اکذغات ووصیل یک ردیس دی؟ ایکررٹیگننارسفیک اجبن ےسآپ وک ااختنیب امضتن ےک وطر رپ ادا یک 55 اہں ںیہن یئگ رمق یک ردیس )Form ) -30رفامہ یک یئگ ؟
56 ایکآپےنااختنیبارخااجت ےک ےیل یسک کنب ںیم این ااکؤٹن ولھکاای ؟ اہں ںیہن ایکآپ یعلض ررٹیگنن ارسف )DRO(وکہتفہ وار انشکیل ےک ارخااجت 57 اہں ںیہن ےک وگوشارے عمج رکوا رےہ ںیہ؟ ایک ِاکذغات انزمدیگیک اجچن ڑپاتل ےک دوران آپ ےس ااسی وکیئ 58 وسالایکایگوج آپ ےک ےئل اقلب ارتعاض وہاور سج ےس آپ یک اہں ںیہن زعتسفن رجموح وہیئ وہ؟ انشکیلیک ایتری اور ااختنیب مہم ایکآپےن وورٹ ررٹسجنشی اخص وطررپوخانیت، وخاہج رسا ، ذعمور 59 اورایتیلقربادریےک ارفاد یک ررٹسجنشی ےک ےئل وکیئ ادقاامت ےئک اہں ںیہن ؟ رھگ اج رےہ ںیہ اکررن گنٹیم ےسلج / ولجس من س 60 آپوورٹوںکتراسیئ ےک ےئل ایک رطہقیاکر اامعتسل رک رےہ ںیہ ؟ ورک سیلپ ، رٹکیفی ٹسکیٹ ایلیم ،ج امسیج وبی اسٹئ سیف وریغہ کب ای وٹرٹی
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آپوورٹوںںیمااختنابت ےس قلعتم آاگیہ الیھپےن ےک ےئل ایک رک رھگ اج رےہ ںیہ اکررن گنٹیم ےسلج / ولجس من س 61 رےہ ںیہ؟ ورک سیلپ ، رٹکیفی ٹسکیٹ ،ای جلیم ، امسیج وبیاسٹئ سیف وریغہ کب ای وٹرٹی آپوپگنلاوٹنجیںوکرحتمک رکےن ےک ےیل ایک تمکح یلمع اانپ 62 رےہںیہ؟
63 ایکآپیکرطفےسوپگنل اوٹنجیں یک رتتیب اک اامتہم ایک ایگ ےہ؟ اہں ںیہن آپاینپااختنیبمہمںیم اےنپ ااختنیب وشنمر ےک سکولہپ وک زایدہ ااجرگ 64 رک رےہ ںیہ؟ اقمیم ورگنان وکحوتمں اک رکدار ایکآپےتھجمسںیہہک رگنان وافیق وکحتم اور اس ےک ادارے )الثم 65 واڈپا،ڈیفرلوبرڈآف رویوینی، زریع رتایقیت کنب، لنشین کنب اہں ںیہن وریغہ(ریغاجبن داری ےس اانپ اکم رک ریہ ےہ؟ ارگںیہنوت رگنان وافیق وکحتم یک اجبن داری رپ آپ ےک ایک 66 اظفحتت ںیہ؟ آپےکےقلحںیمرگنان وافیق وکحتم یک اجبن ےسوکیئ رتایقیت اکم اہں ںیہن 67 رکاےئ اج رےہ ںیہ؟
68 ارگاہںوت رتایقیت اکومں اور وہگجں ےک انم ںیھکل۔ ایکآپےتھجمسںیہ ہک رگنان وصابیئ وکحتم اور اس ےک ادارے
یی کشن )الثم میلعت،ااسکیزئ اڈنی س ،دنسھ نکنب،اجنپب کنب، ربیخ کنب،
69 ی گن اہں ںیہن اری س نڈاپرٹنمٹ وریغہ(ریغاجبن داری ےس اانپ اکم رک رےہ ںیہ؟
ارگ ںیہنوت رگنان وصابیئ وکحتم یک اجبن داریرپ آپ ےک ایک 70 اظفحتت ںیہ؟ آپےک ےقلح ںیم رگنان وصابیئ وکحتم یکاجبن ےس وکیئ رتایق یت اہں ںیہن 71 اکم رکاےئ اج رےہ ںیہ؟
72 ارگاہںوت رتایقیت اکومں اور وہگجں ےک انم ںیھکل۔
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ایکآپےتھجمسںیہہکاقمیم وکحںیتم )الثم علض وکلسن ، لیصحت 73 اڈیرٹسنمنشی، رٹیمووپنٹیل/ویملپسن اکروپرنشی / یٹیمک(ریغ اجبن اہں ںیہن داری ےس اانپ اکم رک ریہ ےہ؟ ارگںیہنوتاقمیموکحںیتم)الثم علض وکلسن ، لیصحت اڈیرٹسنمنشی، 74 رٹیمووپنٹیل/ ویملپسناکروپرنشی / یٹیمک( یک اجبن داری رپ آپ ےکایک اظفحتت ںیہ؟
آپےکےقلحںیماقمیم وکحںیتم )الثم علض وکلسن ، لیصحت 75 اڈیرٹسنمنشی، رٹیمووپنٹیل/ویملپسن اکروپرنشی /یٹیمک( یک اجبن اہں ںیہن ےسوکیئ رتایقیت اکم رکاےئ اج رےہ ںیہ؟
76 ارگاہںوترتایقیت اکومں اور وہگجں ےکانم ںیھکل۔
ایسیس امجوتعں /ادیمواروں/ ایسیس اکرونکںےکےئلربارب اور افصنمہن اموحل یک دایتسیب ایکآپ ےتھجمس ںیہہک آپ یک اپریٹ اور اکرانکن آزاداہن وطر رپ اعم 77 ااختنابت یک ایتری رکرےہ ںیہ؟ ایکآپےکوورٹ، اکرانکن اپریٹ ای ا ادیموار وک یسک اخص اپریٹ ای 78 اہں ںیہن ادیمواریکامحتی رکےن ےک ےئل دیکمھ ای دابؤ اک اسانم ےہ؟
79 ارگاہںوت سک ےس اور اس یک ایک ووجاہت ںیہ؟ ایکآپےکایسیس اکرانکن ای رامنہؤں ےک الخف یئن افی آیئ آر اک 80 اہں ںیہن ادنراج وہراہ /وہا ےہ؟
ایکآپےکایسیس اکرانکن ای رامنہؤں ےک الخف رپاےن دقمامت رپ 81 اہں ںیہن ازرسون اکرروایئ رشوع یک یئگ؟
آپےکایخلںیم اقمیم وپسیل اور اقونن انذف رکےن واےل درگی 82 اہں ںیہن ادارےاانپ اکم ریغ اجبن داری ےس رس ااجنم دے رےہ ںیہ؟
ارگ ںیہنوتاقمیموپسیل اور اقونن انذف رکےن واےل درگی اداروں یک 83 اجبنداری رپ آپ ےک ایک اظفحتت ںیہ؟
ایکوپسیلایدرگی اقونن انذف رکےن واےل اداروں یک رطف ےس آپ اہں ںیہن 84 ےکاکرانکن،وورٹز وک ریغ اقونین رحاتس ںیم راھک اج راہ ےہ؟
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ایکآپ وک یسک ریغ راییتسانعرص)اکدعلم، ذمیبہ ، اسلین، العاقیئ میظنت ، اہں ںیہن
85 رجہگ،اچنپتئوریغہ(یک رطف ےس وطبر ادیموار ااختنیب مہم روےنک ای ااختنابتںیمہصحہن ےنیل ےک ےئل دابؤ اک اسانم ےہ؟
ایکیسکریغراییتس انعرص یک رطف ےس آپ ےک ےقلح ےک وورٹوں وک اہں ںیہن 86 ااختنیب مہم ںیمہصحہن ےنیل ےک ےئل ڈراای داکمھای اج راہےہ؟
ایکیسکریغراییتس انعرص یک رطف ےس آپ ےک ےقلح ےک وورٹوں وک اہں ںیہن 87 ااختنابتںیم ووٹ ڈاےنل ےس رواک اج راہ ےہ؟
ایکیسکریغراییتس انعرص یک رطف ےس آپ ےک ےقلح یک وخانیت وک اہں ںیہن 88 ااختنابت ںیم ووٹ ڈاےنل ےس رواک اج راہ ےہ؟
ایکیسکریغراییتس انعرص یک رطف ےس آپ ےک ےقلح یک وخانیت وک 89 اہں ںیہن ااختنیبمہمںیمہصح ہن ےنیل اک اہک اج راہےہ؟
90 ارگاہںوتآپ ےن اقمیم اھتےن ںیم روپرٹ درج رکوایئ؟ اہں ںیہن
91 روپرٹ درج ہن رکواےن یک وہج؟ ارگروپرٹدرج رکوایئ وت اس رپ وپسیل ای اقونن انذف رکےن واےل 92 اداروںیک رطف ےس ایک اکروایئ یک یئگ؟
درگیاسملئنجیک وہج ےس آپ یک امجتع ای ادیمواروں وک اینپ 93 ایسیسرسرگویمںںیم اسملئ اک اسانم رکان ڑپراہ وہ۔
94 ایک آپ اینپااختنیبمہم آزاداہن وطر رپ الچرےہ ںیہ؟ اہں ںیہن
ایکاقمیموکحںیتماور ان ےک ادارےآپ ےک ےقلح ںیم انشکیل ڑلےن 95 اہں ںیہن واےلامتمادیمواروں ےس افصنمہن رطےقی ےس شیپ آرےہ ںیہ ؟
ایکرگنانوافیق وکحتم اور اس ےک ادارے آپ ےک ےقلح ںیم انشکیل
96 ڑلےن واےلامتم ادیمواروں ےس افصنمہن رطےقی ےس شیپ آرےہ اہں ںیہن ںیہ؟
ایکرگنانوصابیئ وکحتم اور اس ےک ادارے آپ ےک ےقلح ںیم
97 انشکیلڑلےنواےلامتم ادیمواروں ےس افصنمہن رطےقی ےس شیپ اہں ںیہن آرےہ ںیہ؟
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98 ایکوموجدہ ایسیس وااختنیب اموحل رپ انم ےہ؟ اہں ںیہن
99 ایکوموجدہ ایسیس وااختنیب اموحل آزاداہن ےہ؟ اہں ںیہن
100 ایکوموجدہ ایسیس وااختنیب اموحل افشف ےہ؟ اہں ںیہن
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