Electricity and Magnetism How Are Electricity and Magnetism Related?

Home , Magnetic domain

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Name Date Electricity and Magnetism How are electricity and magnetism related?

Before You Read Before you read the chapter, think about what you know about electricity and magnetism. Record three things that you already know about electricity and magnetism in the first column. Then write three things that you would like to learn about in the second column. Complete the final column of the chart when you have finished this chapter.

K W L What I Know What I Want to Learn What I Learned

Chapter Vocabulary

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3

NEW REVIEW NEW electrically neutral light magnet w-Hill Companies, Inc. electrically charged magnetic materials electric discharge NEW magnetic force electric insulator electric current magnetic domain electric conductor electric circuit electromagnet electric force generator electric field electric resistance voltage ACADEMIC nucleus Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGra of a division © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, Copyright

A Lesson Content Vocabulary page for each lesson is provided in the Chapter Resources Files.

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Lesson 1 Electric Charges and Electric Forces

Scan Lesson 1. Read the lesson titles and bold words. Look at the pictures. Identify three facts you discovered about electric charges and electric forces. Record your facts in your Science Journal.

Electric Charges Recall the particles that make up atoms. Circle the particles that 487 I found this on page . have electric charge.

Particles in Atoms

protons neutrons electrons

I found this on page 488 . Differentiate electrically neutral particles from electrically charged objects.

Electrically Neutral Electrically Charged a particle with equal an object with an amounts of positive unbalanced amount of charge and negative positive charge or charge negative charge Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGra

I found this on page 488 . Contrast positively and negatively charged objects.

Positively Charged Negatively Charged an object that has given an object that has picked up electrons and has more up electrons and has more protons than electrons electrons than protons

w-Hill Companies, Inc.

I found this on page 489 . Order the materials listed in the box according to how easily they lose electrons.

paper rubber glass wool

glass wool paper rubber

more easily less easily

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Lesson 1 | Electric Charges and Electric Forces (continued)

490 I found this on page . Define electric discharge. Provide two examples.

Rapid: a spark that jumps between your hand and a doorknob Electric Discharge Definition: the loss of an unbalanced electric charge Gradual: Static cling of clothing disappears on humid days.

490 I found this on page . Contrast insulators and conductors.

Electric Insulator Electric Conductor material in which electric material in which electric charges cannot easily charges easily move move

Electric Fields and Model the interaction between electrically charged objects. Electric Forces Add arrows and charges to complete the diagram. w-Hill Companies, Inc. I found this on page 491 . + – These solid arrows represent electric force.

– – This surrounding area represents electric field.

Connect It Summarize the electric charges you observe when you put on a sweatshirt from the clothes dryer and find a sock clinging to your sleeve. Accept all reasonable responses. Sample answer: As the clothes rubbed together in

electrons. The materials became electrically charged. The sock and the sweatshirt

have opposite unbalanced charges, so they attract each other.

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Lesson 2 Electric Current and Electric Circuits

Skim Lesson 2 in your book. Read the headings and look at the photos and illustrations. Identify three things you want to learn more about as you read the lesson. Record your ideas in your Science Journal.

Electric Current— Relate electric charge to electric current. Moving Electrons Electric current is the movement of electrically charged I found this on page 495 . particles.

I found this on page 496 . Contrast two types of electric current.

The Circuit—A Path for Characterize an electric circuit. Electric Current I found this on page 497 . electric energy

Example: battery Electric Circuit

Definition: a closed device to transform or complete path in which an electric energy electric current w-Hill Companies, Inc. flows Example: light bulb

needs… an electric conductor

Example: wire

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Lesson 2 | Electric Current and Electric Circuits (continued)

I found this on page 498 . Describe three sources of electric energy.

Battery Generator Solar Cell a small, portable a machine that change sunlight can of chemicals; transforms directly into chemical mechanical electric energy reactions move energy into electrons from electric energy one end to the other.

499 I found this on page . I dentify the purpose of an electric device.

Transforms a specific form of useful electric energy to energy

I found this on page 499 . Generalize the transformation of electric energy by different electric devices.

Devices with Devices with lower higher resistance transform resistance transform less more energy. energy.

499 I found this on page . Assess the characteristic of copper wire that makes it a good conductor of an electric current. Copper has little electrical resistance.

I found this on page 499 . Evaluate why a good light cord should have low resistance.

the wasteful transformation of electric energy to thermal

energy in the cord.

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Lesson 2 | Electric Current and Electric Circuits (continued)

500 I found this on page . Differentiate types of electric circuits.

Type Description Example

has a source of electric energy, Simple a conductor path for current to flow flashlight through, and a single device

has multiple devices but a a strand of Series single path for current to holiday flow through lights

multiple devices, each the electric connected to the electric Parallel circuits in a source with a separate path home for current

Voltage and Electric Relate measurements of electric charge. Energy 501 I found this on page . Voltage the amount of energy coulomb used to move one A is Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 6,000,000,000,000,000,000 coulomb through the circuit electric charges

A Practical Electric Identify an additional component included for safety or convenience Circuit in a practical electric circuit. I found this on page 502 . a switch to start and stop an electric device

Analyze It Infer why electric energy should be conserved. Accept all reasonable answers. Sample answer: All processes which transform one

form of energy to electric energy disturb the environment in some way. An example is

the pollution produced when fossil fuels are burned. Less human impact on the

environment will help maitain a healthier life for everyone.

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Lesson 3 Magnets and Magnetism

Predict three facts that will be discussed in Lesson 3 after reading the headings. Record your predictions in your Science Journal.

What is a magnet? Relate magnets and magnetic materials. I found this on page 506 . Magnet Magnetic Material an object that attracts any material that a iron and other magnet attracts materials that have magnetic qualities similar to iron

Magnetic Fields and Compare and contrast a magnetic field and an electric field. Magnetic Forces The electric field around a charged object exerts a force on I found this on page 507 . other charged objects. The magnetic field around a magnet

exerts a force on other magnets and magnetic materials.

Both fields apply forces without objects actually touching.

I found this on page 508 . Diagram magnetic force. Draw arrows to represent forces exerted w-Hill Companies, Inc. by magnetic poles.

N S S

S N N

I found this on page 508 . Explain the general relationship shown in the diagram t hat Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGra of a division © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, Copyright you completed above. Similar poles repel; opposite poles attract.

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Lesson 3 | Magnets and Magnetism (continued)

I found this on page 508 . Relate Earth’s geographic and magnetic poles.

Magnetic north pole geographic south pole

Magnets Illustrate the concept of magnetic domains. Draw the 509 I found this on page . domains for each type of material, and complete the descriptions to the right.

a) Type of material:

nonmagnetic

S Description of atoms: S N N N S N N S not grouped in S S N N N S N magnetic domains N N S S S S N N S N S N

S N S S S

S N N N

S S N N S S N N S S S N N N N S

S S S N

S N N Description of atoms: N N S S N grouped in domains S N N S S N N S S N but pointing in S S N S N S different directions S S N S N S N S S N N S S N N S S N N S N S N S N N S S N N N c) N Type of material: magnet S w-Hill Companies, Inc. Description of atoms: N S N S N grouped in domains, S N S N N S lined up in the same N S N S S S N N S direction N S N S N S N S N S N S N S N S N N S N S N S N S N S N N S N S N S N S S N S

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Lesson 3 | Magnets and Magnetism (continued)

I found this on page 510 . Differentiate types of magnets and magnetic materials.

Soft Magnetic Material Hard Magnetic Material quickly lose their keep their magnetic fields magnetic fields for a long time

Temporary Magnet Permanent Magnet a magnetic material that a material with magnetic becomes a magnet when domains that stay locked it is in the magnetic field in alignment of a permanent magnet

Combining Electricity Relate magnetic field and electric current. and Magnetism I found this on page 511 . Magnetic Field Electric Current produces electric produces a magnetic current field in the wire it runs through. w-Hill Companies, Inc. when it is moved over a wire coil.

I found this on page 512 . Describe an electromagnet. a temporary magnet made with a current-carrying wire coli

wrapped around a magnetic core

Analyze It Infer a characteristic that magnetic materials and good electrical conductors have in common. Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGra of a division © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, Copyright Accept all reasonable responses. Sample answer: They are both typically metals.

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Review Electricity and Magnetism Chapter Wrap-Up Now that you have read the chapter, think about what you have learned. Complete the final column in the chart on the first page of the chapter.

Use this checklist to help you study. Complete your Foldables® Chapter Project. Study your Science Notebook on this chapter. Study the definitions of vocabulary words. Reread the chapter, and review the charts, graphs, and illustrations. Review the Understanding Key Concepts at the end of each lesson. Look over the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter.

Summarize It Reread the chapter Big Idea and the lesson Key Concepts. Summarize how an electric current can be used to produce a magnetic field and a magnetic field can be used to produce an electric current. Accept all reasonable responses. Sample answer: A wire that is carrying an electric

current is surrounded by a magnetic field. Wrapping such a wire around a

permanent magnet dramatically increases the strength of the magnetic field and Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGra produces an electromagnet. Passing a wire loop and a magnet past each other

causes electric current to flow in the wire. Repeating this process in a continuous

cycle is how generators work to produce an electric current.

w-Hill Companies, Inc.

Challenge Do research to learn about how electric motors use magnets. Design a poster that shows and explains how electric motors and electric generators are the opposites of one another.

142 Electricity and Magnetism