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The Manuscript Tradition of Procopius' Wars, Books V-VIII: a Reconstruction of Family Y in the Light of a New Extant Manuscript (Athos, Lavra H-73)

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The Manuscript Tradition of Procopius' Wars, Books V-VIII: a Reconstruction of Family Y in the Light of a New Extant Manuscript (Athos, Lavra H-73) The Manuscript Tradition of Procopius' Wars, Books V-VIII: A Reconstruction of Family y in the Light of a New Extant Manuscript (Athos, Lavra H-73) MARIA K. KALLI A Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy At the University of London March 2003 le, WL3 6L6acvKaXoL!3 IOUXLavfi KORXCtpaX a" IlTr(p Tols; 'YOVEVGLV 'EXEVTI Kal KupLC"(K(p Abstract This present thesis examines the manuscript tradition of the family y of Procopius' Wars Books VNIII, in the light of a hitherto unknown extant manuscript (Ath), Athos, Lavra codex H-73 (728). It comprises an introduction and four sections (1-4). The introduction gives information on the author and his works concentrating on his major historical work, the Wars. This is followed by Section 1 containing an analytical codicological and palaeological description of codex Ath. As the codex does not contain a colophon, a possible thirteenth/fourteenth century dating is based on palaeographical and codicological evidence. Section 2 examines the position of the codex in the stemma codicum, proposed by the latest editor of the text, Jacob Haury (1905-12). A collation of the text with the principal manuscripts (K and L) of the two families, z and y, shows that Ath belongs to the y family. A further collation of Ath with all other extant manuscripts of this family, illustrates the importance of Ath in the tradition of the text. Section 3 gives a description and updated information of all manuscripts of family y, before the relation is examined and the stemma codicum is reconstructed on the basis of a series of propositions. The thesis concludes with Section 4, which places the production of Ath and other manuscripts, containing Procopius' works and other early Byzantine historiographical texts, in the general context of the intellectual milieu of the Palaeologan period. I TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Abstract I Acknowledgments jV List of Abbreviations v List of Plates vi Introduction I Section 1: Description of codex Ath Contents 8 Collation 8 Headings 9 Script 10 Marginalnotes and scholia 13 Corrections,additions and errors 16 Dateand Provenance 19 Section 2: A study of the text in codex Ath Position of codex Ath in the stemma codicum 21 Confirmationof editors' emendations 26 New defensiblereadings 33 Frequenterrors and obviousslips of the pen (lapsuscalami) Double/ Singleconsonants 38 Parecheses 42 o/W 42 E/M 45 Generalparecheses 45 lotacisms (L / TJ / EL/ OL) 46 Omission / addition of the euphonic -v 50 Ubv tbv 52 ý3 EL3 53 Slips of the pen (lapsus calami) 54 Inversion of the order of words 56 Additions of words and phrases 59 Article to specify the subject 59 Particles 60 Prepositions 62 Interpolation / Glosses 64 Omissions of words and phrases 66 Omissions, which affect the syntax 66 Omissions, which do not affect the syntax 71 Errors in proper and foreign names 79 Attractions 84 Errors due to possible misunderstanding of abbreviations and ligatures 97 Haplographies / Dittographies 101 Possible misunderstanding of meaning 103 Possible misunderstanding of syntax (incorrect form of the verb) 108 Vocabulary 114 Possible misreadings or visual errors 114 Prepositions 124 Particles 132 Ordinary / familiar words 133 Interpolation / Glosses 137 ii Various other errors 141 Conclusion 143 Section 3: A study of the manuscript tradition of family y in the light of manuscript Ath Brief descriptionsof later manuscripts 144 Relationsof manuscripts 155 StenunaCodicum 159 in ' Section 4: Intellectual activity the Palaeologan Period (13" - 14! century) 160 Conclusion 179 Appendix I: Codex Salamantinus 2750, ff. Ir-2v 181 Appendix 11 Common and different readings of Ath and L with later manuscripts 183 Appendix III Marginal notes of manuscripts L, a, b, r and interlinear notes of c, k and 'Y (Book V, 1- VI, 14) 184 Bibliography 185 Plates I-XYIXII iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is with great pleasure that I acknowledge those whose erudite advice and patient encouragement this doctoral thesis is indebted to. In the first place my sincere and deep thanks go to my Teachers, Miss Julian Chrysostomides and Dr Charalambos Dendrinos to whom this thesis is dedicated; without their academic and more important1v personal advice and encouragement the thesis would never have come to an end. They gave me the strength to stand up and not give up. I will neverforget the long days Ipassed with them working hard in the Hellenic Institute, Royal Holloway, but at the same time enj'oying every minute of my supervision. Having met people like them, Ifeel proud that I belong to the kind of beings called Mpwrot and now I understand the real meaning of the word. Secondly, I would like to thank my supervisorfrom University College London, Prof. Herwig Maehler; also my teachersfi-om the University of Cyprus during myfirst degree in 1992-96, andfrom the University of Cambridge during my Whil in 1996-97.1 am especially grateful to two teachers in the University of Cyprus, Evangelos Chrysos, Professor of Byzantine History, who first suggested the subject of my thesis, and Anna Panayotou-Triantafyllopoulou, Professor of Historical Linguistics, who gave me the encouragement to continue my studies. Both were, and still are always by my side forever ready to help whenever I ask for their wise counsel. I would also like to acknowledge somefriends who helped me in different ways in many cases: Kelly Likouris, my trustful and belovedfriend, who was always by my side whenever I needed her. Agatha Kalisperas, who was my second mother in London and a great friend, believed in me and gave me the faith and determinations to do things. Barbara Berry, who embraced me with her true love and care. My uncle Yiannakis, aunt Ntina and my cousins Athos, Costas and Marios should not be left out of this list; they have been my "London family". I would like to thank the people who helped mefinancially to meet the ends of my studies in the UK: First of all the A. G. Leventis Foundation, and especially Prof. Vassos Karaghiorgis, the Director of the Foundation in Cyprus and the late Constantinos Leventis, at'&)Pia -rou rl yv6y q, and also Mrs Edmee and Louisa Leventisfor their assistance and encouragement. Secondly, the University College Open Scholarship and the Overseas Research Scholarship. Finally the Hellenic Centre, where I worked all these years andfrom where I gained great experience. Marios Paparistodemou, from whom I derived great benefitfor the lastfour years, should not be excludedfrom this list. His patience in counselling me was unique; he lifted me up in difficult times and never left me fall. I hope to have him always by my side to inspire, strengthen, encourage and love. I am always gratefulfor every single day he gives me. Last, but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to myfamily: my parents, Kyriakos and Eleni, to whom this thesis is also dedicated, my sisters, Sophia and Constantia, and m,v beloved grandparents, Zacharias and Sophia for their continuous encouragement, help of all kinds and love. I would not have managed anything without them. My studies in the UK may have not allowed me to be with them for the last six years; I know that I have missed great moments, but I am confident that more will come in the future. iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BICS Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies Byz Byzantion BMGS Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies BZ Byzantinische Zeitschrift CFHR Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae CH Church History CQ ClassicalQuarterly CCSG CorpusChristianorum, Series Graeca CSHB CorpusScriptorurn Historiae Byzantinae AIEEE A CA 71'OV TýS"10'70pt Ký, 5' Ka!'EOvoAOYtKýS"E7aLpEIa,,; - 7ý,s-'EAAa6os. DOP Dumbarton OaksPapers GRBS GreekRoman and ByzantineStudies JHS Journal of Hellenic Studies JOB Jahrbuch der OsterreichischenByzantinistik PG ed. J.P. Migne, Patrologiae Cursuscompletes..., Graecolatina, 161 vols. in 166 pts (Paris, 1857-1891) TAPA Transactionsof the American Philological Association V LIST OF PLATES Plate 1. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 5r, 106r, 139r. Plate II. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 32r. Plate III. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 105v, 185r. Plate IV. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 119r, 149v. Plate V. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 14r, 48r. Plate VI. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, L 4r. Plate VII. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 22r. Plate VIII. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 25r. Plate IX. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 26v, 29r. Plate X. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 87r. Plate XI. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 96v. Plate XII. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 93r. Plate XIII. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 3 1v. Plate XIV. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 49r, 38r. Plate XV. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 50r, 139v. Plate XVI. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. 51r. Plate XVII. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 39v, 43v, 73r. Plate XVIII. Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 140v, 84v, 19r, 119v. Plate XIX Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, ff. 87r, 135v, 101v. Plate XX Cod. Athos, Lavra H-73, f. In Plate XXI. Cod. Ambr. A 182 sup., ff. 42r, 185v, 188r. Plate XXII. Cod. Paris. gr. 1703, f. 123v. Plate XXIII. Cod. Paris. gr. 1703, f. 75r. Plate XXIV. Cod. Paris. gr. 1310, f. 408v. Plate XXV. Cod. Ambr. A55 sup., ff. 18r, 28v. Plate XXVI. Cod. Basil. gr. D. W. 6, ff. 285r, 489v, 619v. Plate XXVII. Cod. Monac. gr. 87, ff. 111v- 112r. Plate XXVIII. Cod. Salam. 2750, ff. 3v, 593v, 346v. Plate XXIX Cod. Scorial. Y. I. 13, f. 24r. Plate XXX. Cod. Vat. Reg. gr. 84, ff. 20r, 39r. Plate XXXI. Cod. Laur. gr. 69.8, f. 8v. Plate XXXII. Cod. Laur.
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