Imperial Irrigation District Final EIS/EIR

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Imperial Irrigation District Final EIS/EIR SECTION 3.1 Hydrology and Water Quality 3.1 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY 3.1 Hydrology and Water Quality 3.1.1 Introduction and Summary This section describes the existing conditions (i.e., current hydrology and water quality characteristics) in the Project region of influence that have the potential to be affected by the various Project Alternatives as well as the predicted impacts of those Alternatives. The geographic subregions in the region of influence that are addressed in this section include the LCR, IID Water Service Area and AAC, Salton Sea, and SDCWA service area. Surface waters in these areas consist of natural and engineered bodies of water and include permanent and ephemeral, and fresh and saline waters. Major water features described in this section include the Salton Sea ; LCR; Alamo, New, and Whitewater Rivers; irrigation canals, such as the Coachella Canal, CRA, AAC, East Highline Canal, Central Main Canal, and Westside Canal; and the IID drainage system. Groundwater resources include fresh and saline waters beneath the geographic subregions listed above. A summary of the predicted impacts associated with the various Alternatives is provided in Table 3.1-1. TABLE 3.1-1 Summary of Hydrology and Water Quality Impacts1 Alternative 2: Proposed Project: 130 KAFY Alternative 3: 300 KAFY On-farm Irrigation 230 KAFY All Alternative 4: All Conservation Alternative 1: System Conservation 300 KAFY Fallowing Measures No Project Improvements Only Measures Only LOWER COLORADO RIVER WQ-1: Effects on Because LCR A2-WQ-1: Effects A3-WQ-1: Effects A4-WQ-1: Effects groundwater, LCR elevation is expected on groundwater, on groundwater, on groundwater, flows, and LCR to remain within LCR flows, and LCR LCR flows, and LCR LCR flows, and LCR water quality: Less historic fluctuation water quality: Less water quality: Less water quality: Less than significant there is no than significant than significant than significant impact. anticipated change in impact. impact. impact. flows. IID WATER SERVICE AREA AND AAC WQ-2: Increased Selenium A2-WQ-2: Increased A3-WQ-2: Increased A4-WQ-2: selenium concentrations are selenium selenium Decreased concentration in IID above significance concentrations in concentrations in selenium surface drain criteria. IID surface drain IID surface drain concentrations in discharges to the discharges to the discharges to the IID surface drain Alamo River: Alamo River: Alamo River: discharges to the Significant and Significant and Significant and Alamo River: unavoidable impact. unavoidable impact. unavoidable impact. Beneficial impact. WQ-3: Reduction in Continuation of A2-WQ-3: A3-WQ-3: A4-WQ-3: Minor Total Suspended existing conditions. Reduction in Total Reduction in Total Reduction in total Solids Suspended Solids Suspended Solids suspended solids concentrations in concentrations in concentrations in concentrations in IID surface drains IID surface drains IID surface drains IID surface drains discharging to the discharging to the discharging to the discharging to the Alamo River: Alamo River: Alamo River: Alamo River: No Beneficial impact. Beneficial impact. Beneficial impact. impact. WATER CONSERVATION AND TRANSFER PROJECT¾FINAL EIR/EIS, OCTOBER 2002 SFO\SEC_3.1 P1.DOC\022950038 3.1-1 3.1 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY TABLE 3.1-1 Summary of Hydrology and Water Quality Impacts1 Alternative 2: Proposed Project: 130 KAFY Alternative 3: 300 KAFY On-farm Irrigation 230 KAFY All Alternative 4: All Conservation Alternative 1: System Conservation 300 KAFY Fallowing Measures No Project Improvements Only Measures Only WQ-4: Increase in Selenium A2-WQ-4: Maintain A3-WQ-4: Increased A4-WQ-4: selenium concentrations are selenium selenium Decreased concentration in above significance concentration in the concentration in the selenium the Alamo River at criteria. Alamo River at the Alamo River at the concentration in the the Outlet to the Outlet to the Salton Outlet to the Salton Alamo River at the Salton Sea: Sea: Less than Sea: Significant and Outlet to the Salton Significant and significant. unavoidable impact. Sea: Beneficial unavoidable impact. impact. WQ-5: Increase in Selenium A2-WQ-5: Increase A3-WQ-5: Increase A4-WQ-5: Maintain selenium concentrations are in selenium in selenium selenium concentration in above significance concentration in the concentration in the concentrations in the IID surface criteria. IID surface drain IID surface drain the IID surface drain discharge to discharge to the discharge to the drain discharge to the New River: New River: New River: the New River: Less Significant and Significant and Significant and than significant. unavoidable impact. unavoidable impact. unavoidable impact. WQ-6: Change in Selenium A2-WQ-6:Change in A3-WQ-6: Change A4-WQ-6: Decease COC concentrations are COC in COC in COC concentrations in below the concentrations in concentrations in concentrations in the New River at significance criteria. the New River at the the New River at the the New River at the the Outlet to the Outlet to the Salton Outlet to the Salton Outlet to the Salton Salton Sea: Less Sea: Less than Sea: Less than Sea: No impact. than significant significant impact. significant impact. impact. WQ-7: Increase in Selenium A2-WQ-7: Increase A3-WQ-7: Increase A4-WQ-7: Decease selenium concentrations are in selenium in selenium in selenium concentrations in below the concentrations in concentrations in concentrations in the IID surface significance criteria. the IID surface the IID surface the IID surface drains discharging drains discharging drains discharging drains discharging directly to the directly to the directly to the directly to the Salton Sea: Salton Sea: Salton Sea: Salton Sea: No Significant and Significant and Significant and impact. unavoidable impact. unavoidable impact. unavoidable impact. WQ-8: Potential Groundwater quality A2-WQ-8: Potential A3-WQ-8: Potential A4-WQ-8: Potential effects to Imperial and storage will effects to Imperial effects to Imperial effects to Imperial Valley groundwater remain within historic Valley groundwater Valley groundwater Valley groundwater hydrology: Less ranges. hydrology: Less hydrology: Less hydrology: Less than significant than significant than significant than significant impact. impact. impact. impact HCP-IID-WQ-9: The HCP will not be Same as HCP-IID- Same as HCP-IID- Same as HCP-IID- Wetland creation implemented under WQ-9: Beneficial WQ-9: Beneficial WQ-9: Beneficial element of HCP Alternative 1. impact. impact. impact. provides additional high value water resource area: Beneficial impact. WATER CONSERVATION AND TRANSFER PROJECT¾FINAL EIR/EIS, OCTOBER 2002 3.1-2 SFO\SEC_3.1 P1.DOC\022950038 3.1 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY TABLE 3.1-1 Summary of Hydrology and Water Quality Impacts1 Alternative 2: Proposed Project: 130 KAFY Alternative 3: 300 KAFY On-farm Irrigation 230 KAFY All Alternative 4: All Conservation Alternative 1: System Conservation 300 KAFY Fallowing Measures No Project Improvements Only Measures Only SALTON SEA WQ-10: Potential Continuation of A2-WQ-9: Potential A3-WQ-9: Potential A4-WQ-9: Potential change in COC existing conditions. change in COC change in COC change in COC concentrations of concentrations of concentrations of concentrations of Salton Sea water Salton Sea water Salton Sea water Salton Sea water column: Less than column: Less than column: Less than column: Less than significant impact. significant impact. significant impact. significant impact. WQ-11: Potential Continuation of A2-WQ-10: A3-WQ-10: A4-WQ-10: change in COC existing conditions. Potential change in Potential change in Potential change in deposition in Salton COC deposition in COC deposition in COC deposition in Sea sediments: Salton Sea Salton Sea Salton Sea Less than significant sediments: Less sediments: Less sediments: Less impact. than significant than significant than significant impact. impact. impact. HCP-SS-WQ-12: The HCP will not be A2-HCP-SS-WQ-11: A3-HCP-SS-WQ-11: A4-HCP-SS-WQ-11: Reduced loading of implemented under Reduced loading of Reduced loading of Reduced loading of COC to Salton Sea Alternative 1. COC to Salton Sea COC to Salton Sea COC to Salton Sea water and water and water and water and sediment sediment: Less than sediment: Less than sediment: Less than Less than significant significant impact. significant impact. significant impact. impact. 1 Programmatic level analyses of USFWS’ biological conservation measures in LCR subregion are not summarized in the table because no significance determinations have been made. Subsequent environmental documentation will be required if potential impacts are identified. 3.1.2 Regulatory Framework 3.1.2.1 Federal Regulations and Standards LOWER COLORADO RIVER Federal regulations and standards that apply to the LCR include the following: National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. Section 304(a) of the Clean Water Act (CWA), 33 USC§1314(a)(1), requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to publish and periodically update ambient water quality criteria. These criteria are to “…accurately reflect the latest scientific knowledge . on the kind and extent of all identifiable effects on health and welfare including, but not limited to, plankton, fish, shellfish, wildlife, plant life . which may be expected from the presence of pollutants in any body of water….” Water quality criteria developed under Section 304(a) are based solely on data and scientific judgments regarding the relationship between pollutant concentrations and environmental and human health effects. In accordance with
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